Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Amity University
Sector 125, Noida
Uttar Pradesh
Term Paper:
Term Paper:
1. Undertaking 3
2. Acknowledgement 4
3. Guide Certificate 5
4. Executive Summary 6
5. Objective 7
6. Introduction To Hospitality 8
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Date: 11/05/2010
Guide Name and Signature
Mr. M.P. Sharma
1) SEMANTIC DEFINITIONS
Dictionary definitions of terms are, by their very nature,
generic in character and thus tend towards the vague.
However, there is merit in reflecting upon at least some of
these since it permits an appreciation of the parameters
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of nuance, or spin, places on definitions of hospitality.
Thus, we have hospitality as the ‘friendly and generous
reception and entertainment of guests or strangers’ and as
‘kindness in welcoming strangers or guests’. Further
elaboration of the meaning of hospitality may be obtained
from related definitions. One of particular interest is the
term “hospitable” is very similar to ‘hospitality’ as
‘offering or affording welcome and entertainment to
strangers… of persons... of things, feelings, qualities etc…
Disposed to receive or welcome kindly; open and generous
in mind or disposition… Hence hospitableness, a hospitable
quality or character’. These definitions of ‘hospitality’ and
‘hospitableness” share a high degree of commonality,
especially in the emphasis they place on the attitudinal and
behavioral dimensions of hospitality, notably in relation to
those providing Hospitality.
TOWARS A SYNTHESIS:
The Third and the final issue again follow this and is,
simply, this: if Hospitality management is the application
of management concepts and techniques to hotel and
catering organizations, why do we need special school to do
the job? The principal response to hospitality academics
to this question has most often been industry – note, not
hospitality management. This argument runs as follows.
The uniqueness of this industry requires a selective
application of management concepts and techniques,
reflecting this uniqueness, in order to maximize business
success. Maximize business success. Many cling to this
view (again sincerely) but they are wrong, wrong rationally,
logically and empirically. There are a number of reasons
for this and we do not propose to rehearse all the
arguments here. The central problem with this position
lies in the asymmetry it lends to our second view of
hospitality management. Thus, the concepts and
techniques of ‘management’ are viewed as (relatively)
intellectually unproblematic. This has led to the search, if
not for theories then for ‘models’ of hospitality
management which borrow concepts from ‘general’
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management discourse and seek to adapt these to the
supposed peculiarities of the hospitality sector. This
approach has profound limitations in terms of the
assumptions that underpin it, a fact reflected in the
remarkable sterility of hospitality research conducted
according to such tenets.
Inns multiplied, but they did not yet offer meals. Staging
posts were established for governmental transports and
as rest stops. They provided shelter and allowed horses to
be changed more easily. Numerous refuges then sprang up
for pilgrims and crusaders on their way to the Holy Land.
The Holt Hotel in New York City was the first to provide
its guests with a lift for their luggage.
The Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City was the first in
that period to provide lifts for its guests. 1869 saw the
inauguration, near Cairo, of the Mena House, an oasis of
calm and luxury, at the foot of the famous pyramids of
Cheops, Chephren and Mikerinos.
After the war, the fifties saw the second boom in the
hotel industry. The Club Méditerranée (G. Trigano)
created the now famous, but then revolutionary concept of
the club village. These years were also notable for the
construction of the first casino hotels. This was also the
time when the airline companies began to develop their
own hotels.
EXTRAVAGANZA:
CONCLUSION:
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
ACCOMMODATION OPERATIONS
SCOPE OF TOURISM
1) TRANSPORTATION
Tourism could never have survived had it not been
for the transportation sector. It is only with the
help of various transport methods that it is
possible for people to travel. Various transport
options are:
• International Airlines
These bring people into a country. In many
ways, international airlines help countries
connect with one another. Every country has
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its own national carrier which tries to outdo
each other to give passengers value-added
services within competitive prices. As aviation
fuel gets more expensive the challenge is to
retain services of high quality within smaller
margins from passenger fares. Some services
include pre-check-in, cabin crew courtesy and
efficiency, better meal options, beverage
services, convenient connections for onward
journeys, etc.
• Domestic Airlines
Supporting international airlines are the
domestic airlines of a country. Domestic
airlines connect mainly the major cities of a
country and even upcountry locations through
feeder services. Domestic airlines were either
promoted by the State. With increasing
privatization in many other sectors and high
costs of operation, countries have adopted Blue
Sky policies that allow the entry of the private
sector to enter domestic airline business.
Budget airlines have slashed all the frills of
service to give cheaper fares and make
domestic air travel affordable.
• Inner-City Service
Most hotels link up with coach services that
transport their guests to and from the airport
and also for sightseeing purposes. Inner city
travel also includes trams, local unique
conveyances like the phut-phut in Bangkok or
the rickshaws in Kolkata.
• Car Rental
A popular method of travel is by renting cars.
Cars are used for travel within a city as well as
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cross-country travel. Travelers need
recognized international driving licenses to be
eligible to rent a car. These services have
sprung all over the world with the latest model
cars. Hi-tech tracking methods and credit card
payment options have made car rentals popular.
• Sea Travel
Sea travel has been made less popular by the
quicker air travel. Nevertheless, there is still a
niche market for travelers who would love to
indulge in a cruise on a luxury liner as one of
their lifelong dreams. There are popular cruise
liners to the Caribbean, Alaska and even the
Antarctic. Travel along interior rivers are done
by motorized ferries and launches which are
well-equipped with all the conveniences for the
travelers including restaurants and bars, car
park, viewing decks, etc. There is even medical
help available assuming the possibility of a
medical emergency. The Hovercraft that
travels by land and water, across the English
Channel is popular and unique for many.
• Cable Cars
At ski resorts and hill stations the cable cars
and funiculars are popular to transport leisure
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enthusiasts. While cable cars are transported
by overhead cables across valleys and to hill
tops, funiculars are hauled up a hill slope by
cables alone the ground and kept in position by
rail traction.
2)TRAVEL AGENTS
An important aspect of any tourism activity is the
role of tour operators and travel agents who put
travel together. A tour operator is one who
incorporates the various aspects of a holiday,
including air travel, surface transportation, hotel
accommodation, etc. into a completely economical
and attractive single package that is retailed by
travel agents.
The Fancy advertisements and brochures
announcing a week-long holiday in Greece or two
nights and three days in Seychelles is the
handiwork of the tour operators. Because of the
volume of business the tour operator promises to
the various travel components, he/she get discount
and therefore, is able to promote an affordable
package. The tour operator then becomes the
wholesaler who sells the tour packages through
retailers called travel agents.
Today, travel agents have moved beyond just
displaying tour packages of tour operators to the
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public. They themselves have packages of tour
operators to the public. They themselves have
entered the market and are actively preparing local
tour programs. Additionally, they make bookings on
behalf of the customer at hotels, airlines and
surface transport for which they get a commission.
Travel agent business is relatively easy to establish
that most other businesses, which is why we find an
abundance of individual entrepreneurs everywhere.
An important aspect of the travel agency business
is to be connected to the public and have its
attention at all times.
Generally, every residential area would have its
neighborhood travel agent and it is he/she who
brings a range of travel options right at the
doorstep, therefore making travel attractive and
easy. Travel agents get their revenue from
commissions from tour operators, hotels, surface
transporters and airlines. They are a vital ally to
the various components of tourism as they are in
touch with the actual customer.
3)ACCOMMODATION
Accommodation is also a very important aspect of
tourism infrastructure because it provides a ‘home
away from home’ on a trip. Today’s traveler gives a
lot of importance to the comfort aspect of both
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travel and stay. The hotel industry satisfies the
need of the travelers. Accommodation comes in
many forms:
Various Forms of Accommodation:
• Hotels – are available in various budget
categories and standards and thus help every
traveler to make the best choice as per his
needs, tastes as well as budget.
• Motels – are motor hotels located on highways.
They come with swimming pools, diners and a
bar. They also provide microwave ovens, coffee
kettles and refrigerators for those who wish
to heat their own meals.
• Lodges – are up country accommodation mostly
sponsored by the local state. Some examples
are forest lodges, country lodges, ski lodges,
etc.
• Furnished Apartments – are modern popular
alternatives to hotels especially for travelers
staying longer. They are usually with a living
room, a bedroom and kitchenette. They would
have efficient security and a Laundromat. They
usually do not provide food and beverage
service but at most have a coffee shop. They
are located close to other eating places.
• Resorts – are for holidaymakers and located at
attractive natural sites like hills, beaches, hot
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springs, waterfalls, lakes, etc. Man-made
resorts are the latest craze like Disneyland,
Universal Studios, Lego-land, Wild Wadi, etc.
• Camps – are ideal for trekkers on foot or
caravans. They provide outdoor accommodation
ranging from tents, portacabins to caravan
sites. Caravans are homes on wheels and most
popular for travel in North America.
ANDHRA PRADESH
Charminar in Hyderabad
Places to visit:
ASSAM
Rang Ghar
DELHI
Lotus Temple.
Delhi is the capital of India. A fine blend of old and new, ancient
and modern in every stream of life is the soul of Delhi. A melting
pot of cultures, religions and castes makes Delhi a diverse place.
Delhi has been the capital of India from the mythological days.
The rulers left behind their trade marks in the architecture.
Tughlaqabad fort and the Qutub Minar, the Jama Masjid and the
Lotus bah'ai temple, The Humayun's tomb and the Red Fort, and
India Gate and the Magnificent President's house (Rashtrapati
Bhavan). Delhi is famous for its wide roads and crisp winters.
GOA
HIMACHAL PRADESH
Jog Falls
MADHYA PRADESH
MAHARASHTRA
PUNJAB
• RAJASTHAN
• Attractions of Rajasthan
• Jaipur - The capital of Rajasthan, famous for its rich history
and royal architecture
• Jodhpur - fortress-city at the edge of the Thar Desert,
famous for its blue homes and architecture
• Udaipur - Known as the "Venice" of India
• Jaisalmer - famous for its golden fortress
• Barmer - Barmer and surrounding areas offer perfect
picture of typical Rajasthani villages.
• Bikaner - famous for its medieval history as a trade route
outpost
• Mount Abu
• SIKKIM
Shore Temple
Attractions:
UTTARAKHAND
UTTAR PRADESH
Temple in Varanasi
WEST BENGAL
Kolkata, one of the many cities in the state of West Bengal has
been nicknamed the City of Palaces. This comes from the
numerous palatial mansions built all over the city. Unlike many
north Indian cities, whose construction stresses minimalism, the
layout of much of the architectural variety in Kolkata owes its
origins to European styles and tastes imported by the British and,
to a much lesser extent, the Portuguese and French. The buildings
were designed and inspired by the tastes of the English gentleman
around and the aspiring Bengali Babu (literally, a nouveau riche
Bengali who aspired to cultivation of English etiquette, manners
and custom, as such practices were favorable to monetary gains
from the British). Today, many of these structures are in various
stages of decay.
Sudhir Andrews
Krishan K. Kamra
Mohinder Chand
Tim Knowles
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