Chapter 1

1. An ideal voltage source has 5. A real current source has

a. Zero internal resistance a. Zero internal resistance

b. Infinite internal resistance b. Infinite internal resistance
c. A load-dependent voltage c. A small internal resistance
d. A load-dependent current d. A large internal resistance

2. A real voltage source has 6. If a load resistance is 1 kohm, a stiff current source
has a resistance of
a. Zero internal resistance
b. Infinite internal resistance a. At least 10 ohm
c. A small internal resistance b. Less than 10 ohm
d. A large internal resistance c. More than 100 kohm
d. Less than 100 kohm
3. If a load resistance is 1 kohm, a stiff voltage source
has a resistance of 7. The Thevenin voltage is the same as the

a. At least 10 ohm a. Shorted-load voltage

b. Less than 10 ohm b. Open-load voltage
c. More than 100 kohm c. Ideal source voltage
d. Less than 100 kohm d. Norton voltage

4. An ideal current source has 8. The Thevenin resistance is equal in value to the

a. Zero internal resistance a. Load resistance

b. Infinite internal resistance b. Half the load resistance
c. A load-dependent voltage c. Internal resistance of a Norton circuit
d. A load-dependent current d. Open-load resistance
9. To get the Thevenin voltage, you have to
a. Short the load resistor
b. Open the load resistor
c. Short the voltage source
d. Open the voltage source
10. To get the Norton current, you have to
a. Short the load resistor
b. Open the load resistor
c. Short the voltage source
d. Open the current source
11. The Norton current is sometimes called the
a. Shorted-load current
b. Open-load current
c. Thevenin current
d. Thevenin voltage
12. A solder bridge
a. may produce a short
b. may cause an open
c. is useful in some circuits
d. always has high resistance
13. A cold-solder joint
a. shows good soldering technique
b. usually produces an open
c. is sometimes useful
d. always has low resistance
14. An open resistor has
a. Infinite current through it
b. Zero voltage across it
c. Infinite voltage across it
d. Zero current through it
15. A shorted resistor has
a. Infinite current through it
b. Zero voltage across it
c. Infinite voltage across it
d. Zero current through it
16. An ideal voltage source and an internal resistance is
an example of the
a. Ideal approximation
b. Second approximation
c. Higher approximation
d. Exact model
17. Treating a connecting wire as a conductor with zero
resistance is an example of the
a. Ideal approximation
b. Second approximation
c. Higher approximation
d. Exact model
18. The voltage out of an ideal voltage source 22. One way to short a device is

a. Is zero a. With a cold-solder joint

b. Is constant b. With a solder bridge
c. Depends on the value of load resistance c. By disconnecting it
d. Depends on the internal resistance d. By opening it

19. The current out of an ideal current source 23. Derivations are

a. Is zero a. Discoveries
b. Is constant b. Inventions
c. Depends on the value of load resistance c. Produced by mathematics
d. Depends on the internal resistance d. Always called theorems

20. Thevenin’s theorem replaces a complicated circuit 24. Laws are proved by
facing a load by an
a. Definition
a. Ideal voltage source and parallel resistor b. Experiment
b. Ideal current source and parallel resistor c. Mathematics
c. Ideal voltage source and series resistor d. Formulas
d. Ideal current source and series resistor
25. Definitions are
21. Norton’s theorem replaces a complicated circuit
facing a load by an a. Man made
b. Invented
a. Ideal voltage source and parallel resistor c. Made up
b. Ideal current source and parallel resistor d. All of the above
c. Ideal voltage source and series resistor
d. Ideal current source and series resistor
Chapter 2

1. The nucleus of a copper atom contains how many 5. How many valence electrons does a silicon atom
protons? have?

a. 1 a. 0
b. 4 b. 1
c. 18 c. 2
d. 29 d. 4

2. The net charge of a neutral copper atom is 6. Which is the most widely used semiconductor?

a. 0 a. Copper
b. +1 b. Germanium
c. -1 c. Silicon
d. +4 d. None of the above

3. Assume the valence electron is removed from a 7. How many protons does the nucleus of a silicon atom
copper atom. The net charge of the atom becomes contain?

a. 0 a. 4
b. + 1 b. 14
c. -1 c. 29
d. +4 d. 32

4. The valence electron of a copper atom experiences 8. Silicon atoms combine into an orderly pattern called a
what kind of attraction toward the nucleus?
a. Covalent bond
a. None b. Crystal
b. Weak c. Semiconductor
c. Strong d. Valence orbit
d. Impossible to say
9. An intrinsic semiconductor has some holes in it at 13. The amount of time between the creation of a hole
room temperature. What causes these holes? and its disappearance is called

a. Doping a. Doping
b. Free electrons b. Lifetime
c. Thermal energy c. Recombination
d. Valence electrons d. Valence

10. Each valence electron in an intrinsic semiconductor 14. The valence electron of a conductor is also called a
establishes a
a. Bound electron
a. Covalent bond b. Free electron
b. Free electron c. Nucleus
c. Hole d. Proton
d. Recombination
15. A conductor has how many types of flow?
11. The merging of a free electron and a hole is called
a. 1
a. Covalent bonding b, 2
b. Lifetime c. 3
c. Recommendation d. 4
d. Thermal energy
16. A semiconductor has how many types of flow?
12. At room temperature an intrinsic silicon crystal acts
approximately like a. 1
b. 2
a. A battery c. 3
b. A conductor d. 4
c. An insulator
d. A piece of copper wire
 17. When a voltage is applied to a semiconductor, 21. At absolute zero temperature an intrinsic
holes will flow semiconductor has

a. Away from the negative potential a. A few free electrons

b. Toward the positive potential b. Many holes
c. In the external circuit c. Many free electrons
d. None of the above d. No holes or free electrons

18. A conductor has how many holes? 22. At room temperature an intrinsic semiconductor has

a. Many a. A few free electrons and holes

b. None b. Many holes
c. Only those produced by thermal energy c. Many free electrons
d. The same number as free electrons d. No holes

19. In an intrinsic semiconductor, the number of free 23. The number of free electrons and holes in an intrinsic
electrons semiconductor increases when the temperature
a. Equals the number of holes
b. Is greater than the number of holes a. Decreases
c. Is less than the number of holes b. Increases
d. None of the above c. Stays the same
d. None of the above
20. Absolute zero temperature equals
24. The flow of valence electrons to the left means that
a. -273 degrees C holes are flowing to the
b. 0 degrees C
c. 25 degrees C a. Left
d. 50 degrees C b. Right
c. Either way
d. None of the above
25. Holes act like 29. Holes are the minority carriers in which type of
semiconductor?
a. Atoms
b. Crystals a. Extrinsic
c. Negative charges b. Intrinsic
d. Positive charges c. n-type
d. p-type
26. Trivatent atoms have how many valence electrons?
30. How many free electrons does a p-type
a. 1 semiconductor contain?
b. 3
c. 4 a. Many
d. 5 b. None
c. Only those produced by thermal energy
27. A donor atom has how many valence electrons? d. Same number as holes

a. 1 31. Silver is the best conductor. How many valence

b. 3 electrons do you think it has?
c. 4
d. 5 a. 1
b. 4
28. If you wanted to produce a p-type semiconductor, c. 18
which of these would you use? d. 29

a. Acceptor atoms 32. Suppose an intrinsic semiconductor has 1 billion free

b. Donor atoms electrons at room temperature. If the temperature
c. Pentavalent impurity changes to 75'C, how many holes are there?
d. Silicon
a. Fewer than 1 billion
b. 1 billion
c. More than 1 billion
d. Impossible to say