Normality of data

In probability theory and statistics, the normal

distribution or Gaussian distribution is a continuous
probability distribution that often gives a good
description of data that cluster around the mean.
Normal data plot
The graph of the associated
probability density function is bell-
shaped, with a peak at the mean,
and is known as the Gaussian
function or bell curve.

The Gaussian distribution is one of

many things named after Carl
Friedrich Gauss, who used it to
analyze astronomical data, and
determined the formula for its
probability density function.
The bean machine
The bean machine
was invented by Sir
Francis Galton.
Even distribution of data

The dark blue region consists of values that lie in the

region of 1 sigma, medium and dark blue lie in region of 2
sigma, light medium and dark blue lie in the region of 3
sigma.
Process capability terminology
Cp
 Cp = {(USL-LSL)/6 σ}
Process capability terminology
Six sigma based process behavior

Cp = {(USL-LSL)/6 σ}
Quality levels in terms of process
capability
Process capability terminology
Cpl
 CPL= (mean - LSL)/3σ

Cpu
 Cpu = (USL - mean)/3σ

Cpk
 Cpk = Minimum (Cpl, Cpu)
 Cpk = |Mean - nearest spec limit| /3s
Process capability terminology
Pp
 Pp = {(USL-LSL)/6 σ}
Ppu
 Ppu= (mean - LSL)/3σ
Ppl
 Ppl= (mean - LSL)/3σ
Ppk
 Ppk = Minimum (Ppl, Ppu)
 
Cpm
 Cpm - provided only when you specify a target. Cpm examines the
process spread and the shift of the process mean from the target and
compares them to the specification spread.