A Provisional Catalogue of Cypriot Churches with Study Notes and

Bibliography

William Caraher 2011

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A Provisional Catalogue of Cypriot Churches with Study Notes and Bibliography by William Caraher is
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 References
Short Reference Full Reference Full Reference Pages
Papageorghiou 1965-1966 A. Papageorghiou Ἠ Παλαιοτριστιανικὴ καὶ
Βσζαντινὴ Ἀρταιολογία καὶ Τέτνη ἐν Κύπρῳ
κατὰ τὸ 1967-68" ΑΒ (1970)
Syntagma 1974 S. Pelekanides and P. Atzaka Σύνταγμα τῶν
Παλαιοτριστιανικῶν Ψηυιδωτῶν δαπέδων τῆς
Ἑλλαδος Ι. Νησιώτικη Ἑλλάς. Thessaloniki
1974.
Delvoye 1976 C. Delvoye, "L'Art Paleochretien de Chypre,"
CIEB 15 (Athens 1979)
Hadjisavvas 1997 S. Hadjisavvas, Agia Napa: Excavations at
Makronisos and the Archaeology of the
Region. (Nicosia 1997)
Leonard 2005 J. R. Leonard, Roman Cyprus: Harbors,
Hinterlands, and "Hidden Powers" Thesis
(Ph.D.) SUNY Buffalo, 2005.
Megaw 1974 A.H.S. Megaw, "Byzantine Architecture and 57-88
Decoration in Cyprus: Metropolitan or
Provincial?" DOP 28 (1974)
Papacostas 1999 T. Papacostas, Byzantine Cyprus : the
testimony of its churches, 650-1200. Thesis
(D. Phil.). University of Oxford, 1999.
Aupert 1996 P. Aupert et al. Guide D'Amatonte. Paris 1996
Michaelides 1998 D. Michaelides, “Archeologia Paleocristiana a 179-239
Cipro,” CCARB 44 (1998), 179-239.
Papageorghiou 1985 A. Papageorghiou, "L'architecture 299-324.
paleochretienne de Chypre," CCARB 32
(1985), 299-324.
Michaelides 1988 D. Michaelides, "Mosaic Pavements from 81-153
Early Christian Cult Buildings in Cyprus," in
W. A. Daszewski and D. Michaelides eds.
Mosaic Floors in Cyprus. (Bologna 1988)
Papageorghiou 1963 A. Papageorghiou Ἠ Παλαιοτριστιανικὴ καὶ
Βσζαντινὴ Ἀρταιολογία καὶ Τέτνη ἐν Κύπρῳ
κατὰ τὸ 1963" ΑΒ (1964)
Papageorghiou 1964 A. Papageorghiou Ἠ Παλαιοτριστιανικὴ καὶ
Βσζαντινὴ Ἀρταιολογία καὶ Τέτνη ἐν Κύπρῳ
κατὰ τὸ 1964" ΑΒ (1965)
 Provisional Church Catalogue for Cyprus

Acheiropoiitos - Lambousa
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Kyrenia 4 0 0
Only apse of Early Christian basilicas preserved. Five Naves. Ancient Lapethus.
Bibliography
Papageorghiou 1985 301

Agios Georgios hill

(PASADY)
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Nicosia 0 0 0

Bibliography
Arch Rep 50 (2002-2003) 94

Alassa
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0
Arch Rep 1981-1985, p. 64: "At the locality Ayia Mavri Mr Pavlos Flourentzos uncovered the
remains of a basilica church built in the 6th or 7th century, with a partially surviving mosaic
floor. In the 14th or 15th century the church was rebuilt. A number of mediaeval burials were
found, one producing three pairs of glass bracelets. Subsidiary buildings found included one with
evidence of iron-working and a watch-tower, the whole complex seemingly surrounded by an
enclosure wall. Roman remains underlie the site (BCH 1985, 935-8; BCH 1986, 876-877).
Bibliography
Flourentzos, Basilica at Alassa
Arch Rep 1981-1985 64
Amathous - Akropolis
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Amathous 6 25 24 Yes
The basilica is in the center of a massive 60x46 m courtyard. Oriented to the northeast. Three
aisled with a nartex and an exonarthex and a large number of annexes to the north and south.
Galleries stood above the narthex and ailses.

Aupert 1996: "Some features are characteristic of Cypriot ecclesiastical architecture in general:
the sequences of rooms around the basilica, the multiplicity of benches built against the walls of
various rooms, and the opus sectile paving and champleve wall decoration. Other features recall
traditions of churches in Constantinople: the exterior design of the apses, the synthronon, and
raised stylobates [only 0.30 m above the level of the nave]. A few features are unique to this
building: the ambo or preacher's pulpit, the peripheral gutter, and the interior form of the apse.
The shape formed by the three naves is usually a rectangle; here it is a square, an anomaly, and
moreover very small, only 13 x 13 m. making this the smalles three-naved basilica in Cyprus."

(Note: the building was abandoned before being destroyed.)

Bibliography
Aupert 1996 132-145.
A. Pralong, "La basilique de l'Acropolie d'Amaathone (Chyrpe)" RAC 1-2 411-455.
(1994), 411-455.

Amathous - Ay. Tychonas

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Amathous 0 23 6.8
Several phases of building lasting from the 4 c. into the Frankish period. Probably a cemetery
church.

Aupert 1996: "The tombs of the very first church (phase I) were sealed under the pavement by
the church of phase II, but inhumation continued on the periphery of the building… A striking
feature of this church is the set of three apsidal chapters facing northward off the west half of the
north nave.

The church was originally a three aisled cemetery church dated "through numismatic evidence to
the late fourth century, thus contemporaneous with Mnemonios, the first known bishop of
Amathus, and with his successor Tychon."

The later phase of the church becomes associated with the burial place of St. John the Almsgiver,
perhaps in the apsidal chamber to the north.
Bibliography
Aupert 1996 153-160
Amathous - Ay. Varvara
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Amathous 0 0 0 Yes
Aupert 1996: "At the east end of this cemetery, M. Loullopolis exposed a basilica and an oil
press built around the entrance of a grotto-chapel dedicated to the healer, St. Barbara, and still
frequented by the devout who leave sheet metal and wax votives at a tree nearby. This complex
with its little five-nave basilica (chancel apse decorated with mosaic) surrounded by cell-like
rooms and dependencies such as a water tank and oil press could be interpreted as a monastery."
Bibliography
BCH 100 (1976) 888-891
Arch Rep 1969-1976 69
BCH 101 (1977) 720, 763-765
Aupert 1996 169-170

Amathous - Foot of the Acropolis

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Amathous 0 17 12
Aupert 1996, 88: "
"The little basilica at the foot of the Amathus acropolis near the modern turn-off to the agora was
discovered by chance, identified by Kyriakos Nicolaou, and excavated by theis writer from 1965-
1966. It is a three-aisled basilica, the aisles preceded by a narthex and an exonarthex. Part of the
north wall is cut from the living rock. The apses are semi-circular on the interior, polygonal on
the exterior. The floors are covered with lime mortar except the chancel with is paved with opus
sectile. This combination of flooring is also found in the basilica of Acheiropoietos of
Lampoussa and in the episcopal church of Kourion.

Three doors lead from the narthex into the naos, that is the main body of the church, as is the
case in all three aisled basilicas in Cyprus. On the other hand, contrary to custom, the atrium, or
courtyard, is here replaced by narrow exonarthex. One gained entry to it through the funerary
room. The parekklesion, a room is attached to the south wall of the basilica. Another building,
not completely excavated, is in turn situated further south. The northern most nave probably
communicated with a skeuophylakion, the room where ecclesiastical utensils and other items
were kept.

The distances between the columns of the colonnades that line the aisles are irregular, which
suggests that the stone capitals (one Corinthian capital has been found) supported wooden beams
and not arches of brick or stone. The chancel floor is elevated slighty above that of the rest of the
basilica. Within this space was found the altar table base in which were imbedded the lower
parts of five little pillars designed to support the table. A drain leads from the table to a basin
called "the little sea". Tessarae found in the destruction debris confirm that the basilica once
carried mosaic decoration. The cornices bore plaster reliefs showing dogs chasing does, a style of
decoration also found in the house known as the 'oil mill' at Salamis and in the basilicas at Kition
(Angelokiste) and Kalavasos. Drawn from the secular world, hunting scenes of this sort were
deemed inappropriate for chruches according to the early fifth century theologian Nilus of
Ancyra …"
Bibliography
Aupert 1996 84-88
BCH 86 (1962) 413
Amathous - The Great Southeast Basilica
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Amathous 0 0 0 Yes
Aupert 1996:"Work along the beach east of the ancient agora has revealed the remains of a 70 m
long basilica half of which has been destroyed by the sea. One of five churches at Amathus, this
one, built in the second half of the fifth century, had three naves with corresponding apses, two
colonnades, and floors paved with opus sectile. There was a narthex and a porticoed atrium, or
courtyard. Some of the surrounding rooms feature benches. The complex was damaged by Arab
raids of 653/654 and partially restored under Constantine IV (668-680)"
Bibliography
Aupert 1996 162-164
Michaelides 1998 212-213

Angeloktistos - Kiti
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Larnaka 6 0 0 Yes
Only apse of Early Christian basilicas preserved.
Bibliography
Megaw 1974 74-75

Arsinoe - Polis Chrysochous

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Polis 5 23 12.5

Bibliography
Papacostas 1999 no. 20
W.A.P. Childs, "First Preliminary Report on the Excavations at Polis 127-129
Chrysochous by Princeton University," RDAC (1988), 121-130.
Asomatos-Aphendrica
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 7 600 0 0
Megaw (1946), 50:"Of the three churches this is the best preserved. The south wall of the nave,
which is of four bays, stands to its full height, the south aisle with its semicircular barrel-vault is
complete and enough remains of the nave vaulting to show that it too was semicircular in form.
Massive piers in the nave arcades, internal blind arcading on the south wall, attached pilasters
carrying transverse arches under the vaults and absence of any clerestory windows; these are its
characteristic features. Examination of what is preserved of the east end shows that they are all
secondary. The masonry of the apses is superior and set in much deeper courses. That of the nave
arcade does not bond with it (Fig. q), nor that of the south wall (the junction can be seen through
the arch in Fig. 4). At the south-west angle of the church, the corner is formed in masonry of the
same massive construction, within which has been set the lighter masonry closing the internal
blind arcading and carrying the south aisle vault.
At this point some of the masonry of the original angle has fallen away revealing that of the
secondary construction built within it (Fig. 5).

In its present form, then, this church is a reconstruction with masonry vaults of an earlier
building of similar dimensions. That this was not vaulted but followed the normal, woodroofed
type of Early Christian basilica, is evident from examination of the abutment of the remains of
the north arcade on the east wall (Fig. 6). Here the masonry of the rectangular respond which
carried the easternmost arch has fallen away, revealing a few drums of an attached half-column,
bonded into the masonry of the apses. Where the south arcade meets the east wall the secondary
masonry has survived, also at the abutment of both arcades on the west wall, concealing what
remains of the corresponding half-columns. Between the east and west half-columns the original
arcades were probably set in six intercolumniations of about 2.4 metres, as shown in the plan
(Fig. 2). Such a system of supports, together with external walls 55 centimetres thick, could only
have carried a wooden superstructure. The nave was doubtless roofed at a higher level than the
aisles, to permit clerestory lighting.

The passages giving access from the central to the lateral apses belong to the original
construction. A stone chancel post built into the south wall of the nave may have formed part of
the screen enclosing the original sanctuary, the arrangement of which could probably be
determined by excavation. A few stones, evidently in situ, among the debris of fallen vaulting
suggest that in the reconstructed church the easternmost bay of the nave was enclosed."
Bibliography
A.H.S. Megaw, "Three Vaulted Basilicas in Cyprus," JHS 66 (1946) 46-56
Papacostas 1999 no. 21

Ay. Barnabas - Salamis

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Famagusta 5 0 0

Bibliography
Papacostas 1999 no. 25
Soteriou, "Ὁ ηάθος ηοῦ Ἀποζηόιος Βαρλάβας,"Κσπ. Σποσδ. 1 (1937), 3- 3-15.
15.
Soteriou 1935 fig. 8 pl. 17
Megaw 1974 78 and note 85
Ay. Barnabas and Hilarion
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Nicosia 0 0 0

Bibliography
Papageorghiou 1985 300 note 12

Ay. Epiphanios - Salamis

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Famagusta 4 57 35 Yes Yes

Five aisled.
Bibliography
Papacostas 1999 no. 37
Megaw 1974 61-63
Papageorghiou 1985 301-305
Michaelides 1998 196-197
A.H.S. Megaw, "Betwixt Greeks and Saracens," in V. Karageorghis ed. 509
Acts of the International Archaeological Symposium: Cyprus between
Orient and Occident. (Nicosia 1986), 505-519
Arch Rep (1957) 49-50

G. Jeffery, AntJ 8 (1928) 345

Soteriou, Byzantine Monuments fig. 3
Arch Rep (1954) 33
Arch Rep (1956) 29-31
Arch Rep (1958) 32
Delvoye 1976 10f
Syntagma 1974 140

Ay. Georgios - Peyias - Basilica I

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
6 27.8 19 Yes Yes Yes
Papageorghiou 1985, p. 314: "La basilica A de Saint-Georges de Peyia… [trans]: Two ranges of
columns divide into three naves terminating in three semi-circular apses. The middl apse has
three sides on the exterior and the flanking apses (oddly) have two. In the central apse there is a
semo-circular synthronon (cf. Ay. Epiphanios, Au. Varnavas, Panayia Angeloktiste, Panayia
Aphendrika, and Panayia Syka). The sanctuary extends not only into the central nave, but also
into part of the east of the flanking aisles (cf. Ay. Epiphanos, Kampanopetra, Marathovouno,
both at Kourion, Ay. Kyriaki, and the two other basilicas at Ay. Georgios)….The ambo of the
basilica is found on the longitudinal axis as the ambos od the basilica at Kourion, Ay. Trias, and
maybe the Kampanopetra… The bases, columns, capitals and also the marbles of the ambo are
imported from the aisles of the Propontis.
Bibliography
Arch Rep (1954) 33
JHS 75 (1955) 33
BCH 95 (1971) 432
AJA 77 (1973) 433
 Michaelides 1998 216-223.
Michaelides "The Ambo of Basilica A at Cape Drepanon" in Mosaic (for get pages
A.H.S. Megaw)
FA 4 (1951) 545 n. 5183
AJA 55 (1951) 169
JHS 70 (1950) 15
Khatchatrian, Les baptisteres paleochretiens (Paris 1962) 76
JHS 74 (1954) 175
Megaw 1974 71-72
FA 7 (1954) 418 n. 5411
Syntagma 1974 150ff
Papageorghiou 1966 12
Papageorghiou 1985 314-316
BZ 48 (1955) 260
BZ 47 (1954) 257
FA 8/9 (1956) 378 n. 5108, 39
JHS 73 (1953) 137
Delvoye 1976 19

Ay. Georgios - Peyias - Basilica II

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0

Bibliography
Megaw 1974 72

Ay. Georgios - Peyias - Basilica III

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0

Bibliography
Megaw 1974 72

Ay. Heracleidios - Politico

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Tomassos 0 0 0

Bibliography
Papageorghiou 1964 3ff and 20ff
Arch Rep 1965/1966 42
BZ 59 (1966) 234
AD 20 (1965), B3, 614
Papacostas 1999 no. 53
Papageorghiou 1985 299
AJA 71 (1967) 405
Papageorghiou 1965-1966 12ff
Papageorghiou, BCH 89 (1965) 297f.
Syntagma 1974 140
I. P. Tsiknopoulos, Ὀ Ὰγηος Ἡερατιείδος ἡ ἱερὰ αὐηοῦ κολὴ... (Nicosia 9-73
1967)
 Michaelides 1988 86 note 18

Ay. Kononas
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Akamas 6 21.7 13.7 Yes
Jane Feifer and H. E. Mathiesen, "The Site of Ay. Kononas," p. 83: "The basilica measuring 13.7
x 21.7 including narthex, had three aisles with two interior rows each of 4 columns, and an apse
only at the axis of the middle nave. There seems to have been at least three building phases. In
the latest phase, probably of the 8th century, a wall had been constructed north and south of the
bema from the east wall to the second column from the east, thus creating around the bema a
room with the width of the former central nave and open to the west. As a result of this
rebuilding, the parapet at the bema had to be moved westwards from an original position almost
in the middle of the nave. The parapet is decorated with intricate openwork patterns of circles
and crosses, drawn with a pair of compasses; the poles had a decoration of incises S's and ended
upwards in a pine cone. The columns in this phase were set in place without their original
profiled bases, but still, it seems, retained their capitals sculpted with crosses and pomegranates.
All architectural members, columns, bases, capitals, and mouldings, except for the parapet with
is of Lefkara chalk found in the Akamas mountains, were made of local limestone. The
mouldings from the basilica, of rather a simple type, find close parallels in the Early Christian
basilicas at Cape Drepanon, and it seems an obvious possibility that the same stone masons
worked in both places. According to Megaw the basilicas at Cape Drepanaon date to the
Justinian period, suggesting a similar date for the construction of the basilica at Ayios Kononas.
Parts of the walls of the basilica have been built of well cut ashlars, but there are also sections of
less regular stones and sections of flattish stones laid in a 'tile-technique'. In parts of the
building, bedrock made up the floor, while in its east end, we found a few slabs of gypsum
stone. Apparently, the basilica was the only building at Ayios Kononas with a completely tile
roof, of which large portions have been found where they fell, when the roof collapsed. It is
unknown to whom the church was originally consecrated, but Saint Konon would seem an
obviously possibility, or perhaps Saint Epiphanios. A consecration to the latter might partly
explain the rather modest decorative scheme of the basilica, since Epiphanios seems to heb been
sceptical of figural decoration…"
Bibliography
J. Feifer, Ancient Akamas I: Settlement and Environment. (Aarhus 1995) 82-84

Ay. Kyriaki - Panayia Chrysopolitissa

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Paphos 4 47 38 Yes
Arch Rep 1969-1976: "Mr Papageorghiou also excavated an Early Christian basilica church at
the site where the later church of Ayia Kyriaki was built, close to the Gothic one mentioned
above. It is five-aisled; the nave and the two inner aisles ended in apses internally. semi-circular
and externally semihexagonal. The outer aisles ended in a straight wall at the east. The basilica
measures 47 m. x 38 m. internally and was one of the largest in Cyprus. The floor was paved
with mosaics some of which have survived in the north outer aisle."
Bibliography
BCH 108 (1984) 859f
BCH 110 (1986) 862
Papageorghiou 1967-1968 10
BCH 105 (1981) 1007
A.H.S. Megaw, "Reflections on Byzantine Paphos," Kathegetria: Essays 136-139
Presented to Joan Hussey. (1988)
BCH 102 (1978) 936
 BCH 104 (1980) 801
BCH 107 (1983) 945
A. Papageorghiou, "L'architecture Paleochretienne de Chypre," CCREB 305-307.
32 (1985)
BCH 109 (1985) 957f
Micahaelides 1998 198-201
BCH 106 (1982) 737
Arch Rep 1969-1976 69
Arch Rep (1968-1969) 54
Papageorghiou 1985 305-307
BCH 100 (1976) 899f
Papacostas 1999 no. 32
BCH 103 (1979) 722
A. Papageorghiou, "Foreign Influences on the Early Christian architecture 491
of Cyprus,"
BCH 96 (1972) 1091f
Arch Rep (1980-81) 72
AJA 76 (1972) 316
BCH 101 (1977) 776f
BCH 97 (1973) 679f
BCH 99 (1975) 844

Megaw 1974 11, 17

AJA 84 (1980) 73
AJA 81 (1977) 532
AJA 77 (1973) 57
Papageorghiou 1985 305ff
AJA 74 (1970) 395f
BCH 98 (1974) 895

Ay. Mamas - Morphou

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Morphou 0 0 0

Bibliography
A.I. Dikigoropoulos, Cyprus "betwixt Greeks and Saracens" A.D. 647- 185
965. Oxford Thesis. 1961
Papacostas 1999 no. 77

Ay. Philon
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Carpasia 0 0 0

Bibliography
J. du Plat Taylor and H. Megaw, "Excavations at Ayios Philon, the ancient 209-250.
Carpasia," RDAC (1981)
Papacostas 1999 no. 94
A.H. S. Megaw, "Three Vaulted basilicas in Cyprus," JHS 66 (1948) 49
Megaw 1974 64
Ay. Procopius
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Famagusta 0 0 0

Chatzechristophi (1997) dates the building on the basis of the floors to the middle 6th c. Groups
it with the buildings of Ay. Epiphanius at Salamis and Ay. Philon on Karpas. Suggests Syrian
influence for the floors.
Bibliography
Papacostas 1999 no. 97
F. Chatzechristophi, "Το δάπεδο ηοσ αγίοσ Προθοπίοσ ζηε Σύγθραζε," 277-283
RDAC (1997)
S. Hadjusavvas, Καηαβοιές 1 Αρταηοιογηθή επηζθόπηζε 20 θαηετοκέλωλ 94
ζήκερα τωρηώλ ηες επαρτίας Ακκοτώζηοσ. (Nicosia 1991)

Ay. Spyridon - Tremethoushia

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
5 400 0 0
Three aisled
Bibliography
BCH 91 (1967) 365
Syntagma 1974 142
Papageorghiou 1965-1966 15-20
A. Papageorghiou, "Ἔρεσλα εἰς ηὸλ λαὸλ ηοῦ Ἁγ. Σπσρίδωλος ἐλ 17-33.
Τρεκεηοσζηᾶη," Κσπρηαθαὶ Σποσδαὶ Λ΄ (1966)
BZ 62 (1969) 447
BZ 61 (1968) 210
Papacostas 1999 no. 104
BZ 63 (1970) 200, 240
J. and L. Robert, Bull. Epig., REG 83 (1970) 478 no. 648
Megaw 1974 61
Michaelides 1988 88 note 22
AJA 72 (1965) 379
AJA 71 (1964) 406
AD 22 (1967) B2 548f.
Fasti Archeologici 22 (1971) 513 no. 7799

Ay. Thekla
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Ay. Napa 0 0 0 Yes
Hadjisavvas 1997, 27: "The site is marked by a modern chapel built on a small eminence some 6
km. west of the nucleus of the old village of Ay. Napa. Adjacent to the south there are some
remains of buildings with mosaic floors destroyed long ago. Tesserae are still found on the
surface. Most probably these remaisn belong to an Early Christian basilica or a monastery
church."
Bibliography
Hadjisavvas 1997 27
Ay. Trias - Yialousa
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 5 Late 0 0 Yes
5th
Central ambo (cf. Basilica A at Ay. Georgios and Kourion Episcopal).

Arch Rep (1961-1965), 42: "A. Papageorghiou undertook the excavation of an Early Christian
basilica which was located in 1957 at Ayia Trias. Work was started in 1963 and is still going on.
The church, the narthex and the atrium have been uncovered. The church is three-aisled and
paved with mosaics. The mosaics were consolidated in 1965. Two inscriptions on the mosaic
pavement give the name of the donor and of the mosaicist. The basilica may be dated to the end
of the fifth century and seems to have been destroyed during the Arab raids of the mid-seventh
century A.D.
Bibliography
BZ 53 (1960) 159f.
BCH 88 (1964) 372-374
Papageorghiou 1985 316
Papageorghiou 1967-1968 23
Arch Rep (1968-1969) 53
Syntagma 1974 148ff
BCH 90 (1966) 389
BCH 95 (1971) 403
Papageorghiou 1965-1966 4ff
Papageorghiou 1963 4ff
FA 12 (1959) 488 n. 8024
Arch Rep (1965-1966) 42f
Arch Rep (1957) 50
BZ 57 (1964) 544
BCH 88 (1964) 363
Papageorghiou AB 25 (1964) 155f.
Megaw 1974 67

Ay. Tychikos
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0 Yes

Bibliography
Papageorghiou 1985 316-318.
Papacostas 1999 no. 112

Ayia Moni
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0
Only Apse of Early Christian basilicas preserved.
Bibliography
Papacostas 1999 no. 56
Bedestan - Nicosia
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Nicosia 0 0 0

Bibliography
Megaw 1974 71 note 53a
RDAC (1937-1939) 192

Episkopi Saraya
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
8 Late 0 0
7th/ea
rly
8th --
spolia.

Papacostas 1999: "description: 3 aisled basilica with 3 apses, of uncertain dimensions, support,
and roofing system using spolia from deliberately dismanted 5th-c. Curium basilica
[Megaw(1993) 60-62]; dating: late 7th c./early 8th c. (?) suggested by evidence for abandonment
of episcopal complex at nearby Curium [Megaw(1993), 60-62].

For the champleve see: M. Solomidou-Ieronimidou, "Un 'champleve' paleochretien" RDAC

(1989)
Bibliography
M. Solomidou-Ieronimidou, "Un 'champleve' paleochretien" RDAC (1989) 167-170
S. Young, "Episkopi Serayia. The medieval manor and the sugar industry 151-159
in Cyprus," in An Archaeological Guide to the Ancient Kourion Area and
the Akrotiri Peninsula. H. Wylde Swiny ed. (Nicosia 1982)
Papacostas 1999 no. 38
A.H.S. Megaw, "The episcopal precinct at Kourion and the evidence for re- 53-67
location," Sweet Land of Cyprus
Michaelides 1998 206-207

Giorkous
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Near 0 16 11
Athienou
Partially excavated. Note the fragments of molded plaster screens. Narthex. No evidence for an
atrium. Seemingly single apse.
Bibliography
C. Bakirtzis, "Παιαηοτρηζηηαληθή βαζηιηθή ζηοσς Γηορθούς ΒΑ ηες 260-266
Αζεαίλοσ," RDAC (1976)
G. Bakalaki, "Ἠ ἀλαζθαθὴ ζηοὺς "Γηορθοὺς" (ΒΑ ηῆς Ἀζεαίλοσ)" KS 13-18
(1974-1975)
Hagiasma of Nicodemus
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Salamis 6 0 0
Megaw 1974, 73: "Thanks to the fact that the writ of iconoclast emperors was ineffective in
Cyprus, the Island has something to show of early mural decorations. The establishment of the
Hagiasma of Nicodemus at Salamis-Constantina with inscriptions and a painted panel of Nilotic
character below a medalion of the bearded Christ is datable to the sixth century, when the
Constantinopolitan repertory embraced both these elements."

Michaelides 1998, 225-226:"Un esempio che, certo, non ha la monumentalita dei precedenti ma
e comunque interessantisimo, e l'Agiasma di Nicodemo a Salamis, la pittura cristiana piu antica
nell'isola. Qui, una cisterna romana fu transformata in un agiasma nel VI secolo. Si tratta di
pozzi comunicanti, in uno dei quali una striscia dipinta segnava il livello dell'acqua. Varie
iscrizioni invocana l'aiuto di santi locali, S. Barbana e S. Epifanio, e citano versi della preghiera
dell'ufficio di Megas Agiasmos. Le cose piu importanti pero sono l'iscrizione dedicatoria da
parte di un certo Nicodemos, e la pittura stessa che e un consueto paesaggio nilotico di antica
tradizione, sormontato, piutosto incongruentemente, da un medaglione con la testa di un Cristo
barbato."
Bibliography
Megaw 1974 73
M. Sacopoulo, CahArch 13 (1962) 62-87
Michaeolides 1998 225-226

Kampanopetra - Salamis
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Salamis 6 41 20 Yes Yes

Bibliography
G. Roux, Salamine de Chypre 15: La Basilique de la Campanopetra.
(Parist 1998).
Megaw 1974 68-71
J. Pouilloux, "Fouilles a Salamine de Chypre," RDAC (1969) 47-53
J. Pouilloux in V. Karageorghis, BCH 95 (1971) 396-398
J. Pouilloux in V. Karageorghis, BCH 94 (1970) 261-266
J. Pouilloux in V. Karageorghis, BCH 93 (1969) 535-538

Katakymata
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Ay. Napa 0 0 0
Hadjisavvas 1997, 31: "A great quantity of building material, now gathered by the farmers at the
sides of the fields, indicate the presence of an important settlement. The remains include
fragments of columns and other architectural details. The probably site of an Early Christian
basilica has been located in the southeastern end of the settlement."
Bibliography
Hadjisavvas 1997 31
Katalymata ton Plakoton
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Akrotiri 0 0 0 Yes
Leonard 2005, 559: "Katalymata ton Plakoton lies on the W coast of Akrotiri Peninsula where it
is crossed by the western perimeter fence of the British RAF base. Heywood claims that a
basilica once stood on the site, as evidenced by “piles of rubble, fragments of marble, [and]
broken column bases and capitals” (1982: 167). Haggerty, following his own investigations,
reports having seen “mosaic floors” (N. D.: 6)."

<<This must be the site now under excavation there>>

Bibliography
Leonard 2005 559
H. C. Heywood, "The Archaeological Remains of the Akrotiri Peninsula," 167
in An Archaeological Guide to the Ancient Kourion Area and the Akrotiri
Peninsula. H. Wylde Swiny ed. (Nicosia 1982)

Kato Katalymata
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Akrotiri 0 0 0
Sollars 2005, 84:"Three sections of wall with clear faces and corners lining a rectangular
depression, just south of the centre of the Last area, indicated a structure measuring
approximately 5 x 5 m. Rather closer to the centre, toward the northwest of the square, a low
section of curved wall was probably the apse of a basilica; another stretch of wall, 20 m to the
south, appeared to be associated with the same structure. In the past, WSBAAS members have
recovered mosaic tiles and brass fixings for wall marble from the site, and there is a local story
that columns were taken to a nearby local church, but no details were available. There was still a
considerable amount of marble in and around the basilica; it was mostly worked fragments of
column marble, but one small piece was particularly intricately carved. There was also a quantity
of high quality, Roman cover tile fragments amongst the marble."
Bibliography
L. H. Sollars, Settlement and Community: Their Location, Limits and 83-91
Movement through the Landscape of Historical Cyprus. Thesis (Ph.D.)
University of Glasgow 2005

Kopetra-North Church
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 21 13 Yes Yes

Bibliography
Rautman, Kopetra 121-131

Kopetra-Sirmata
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
7 600 16 9

Bibliography
Rautman, Kopetra 55-90
Kopetra-South Church
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 17 10 Yes Yes

Bibliography
Rautman, Kopetra 92-120

Kourion - Episcopal
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 35.9 23 Yes Yes Yes

Bibliography
Michaelides 1998 202-207
A.H.S. Megaw, Kourion : excavations in the episcopal precinct.
(Washington, DC 2007)
Kourion - Extra Muros
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0
Michaelides 1998, p. 214: "La basilica extra murous di Kourion e munita di un atrio con una
cisterna gigantesca, e conserva pavimenti di opus sectile, ormai lasciati andare in rovina.

Wittingham 1982, 81-83: "The Basilica can be entered from the south. A flight of steps leads
into the artium which judging from the column bases that remain, was once surrounded by a
paved protico. This gave a dignified seculusion to the church, and was an area often reserved for
penitents and late-comers. A vestibule at the northern end provided a second entrance.

The central feature in the atrium is the large rectangular cistern made of masonry. It was used
for holding rain water collected from the roof and carried through stone pipes that run under the
northern passage and the atrium itself. Though a normal method for storing water, the tank was
probably an earlier feature as it does not relate to the general layout of the building. It is most
likely that the early Christians considered this to be an appropriate site to build the Small
Basilica around the cistern.

The two small rooms on either side of the vestibule, one of which has retained its limestone
paved floor, were probably once stoerooms and may be contained reserves of oil for the lamps,
candles, and incense used in the church.

Three doors in the narrow east portico of the atrium opened into the narthex…

The stylobates, separating the central nave from the aisles once supported two rows of columns
on top of which would have been a wall; above a series of glass windows permitted plenty of
light to reach the nave. Orginally a slanting tiled roof covered the church...

As can be seen from the fragments that still remain, marble plaques arranged in a series of
geometric designs covered the floor of the nave, chancel, and apse.

The nave and aisles terminate in three projecting apses at the eastern end. This is an
arrengement that is exemplified in many early churches on the island and also in Palestine…
The foundations for the clergy bench or synthronon can be seen in the central apse…

Leading from the corridor on the north side of the Small Basilica is a small chapel where the
faithful may have deposited their offerings."
Bibliography
Michaelides 1998 213-214.
D. Whittingham, "The Small Basilica: "at Meydan"" in An Archaeological 80-85.
Guide to the Ancient Kourion Area and the Akrotiri Peninsula. H. Wylde
Swiny ed. (Nicosia 1982)
T.B. Mitford, The Inscriptions of Kourion. Philadelphia 1971
BCH 99 (1975)
J.L. Benson, "Spirally Fluted Columns in Cyprus," AJA 64 (1960)
BCH 98 (1974)
BCH 97 (1973)
BCH 96 (1972)
Kourion - Harbor
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0

Bibliography
Leonard 2005 573
BCH 123 (1999) 620
BCH 122 (1998) 684

Ktima
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Paphos 0 0 0

Bibliography
Papageorghiou, AB 25 (1964) 162

Lysi
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
7 0 0
Arch Rep (1961-1966), 42: "The remains of a three-aisled basilica of Early Christian times were
excavated in 1963 at the locality 'Panayia' west of Lysi village. It was found paved with Cypriot
marmara [i.e. gypsum]. The church cannot be dated earlier than the seventh century and was
destroyed probably soon after by fire."
Bibliography
Arch Rep 1961-1966 43
A. Papageorghiou, Apostolos Varnavas (1964) 8ff.

Marathovouno
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 21 14
single semi-circular apse, three aisled, narthex.
Bibliography
Papageorghiou, "Η βαζηιηθή Μαραζοβούλοσ," RDAC (1963) 84-101

Maroni-Petrera
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
0 0 0

Bibliography
Manning, Maroni Petrera passim.
Panayia Kanakaria - Lythrankomi
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 6 0 0
Early Justinianic mosaic fragments (cf Kiti and Panayia tis Kyras)

Only apse of Early Christian basilicas preserved.

Bibliography
A.H.S. Megaw and E.J.W. Hawkins, The Church of the Panayia Kanakaria
at Lythrankomi in Cyprus, its mosaics and frescoes. (Washington, D.C.
1977)

Panayia Limeniotissa - Paphos

Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Paphos 5 0 0

Bibliography
BZ 61 (1968) 443
Megaw 1974 71 note 53
Papageorghiou KS 30 (1966) 25 n. 12
AJA 72 (1968) 376
FA 14 (1962) 410 n. 6580, 42
BCH 93 (1969) 504
Arch Rep (1961-1962) 45
BZ 63 (1970) 432
BCH 92 (1968) 351
Papacostas 1999 no. 76
AJA 71 (1967) 403
A.H.S. Megaw, "Reflections on Byzantine Paphos," Kathegetria: Essays 140 note 12
Presented to Joan Hussey. (1988)
BCH 84 (1960) 292
Syntagma 1974 145
AJA 74 (1970) 75
BZ 54 (1961) 471
AAA 2 (1969) 54
Arch Rep (1968-1969) 53-54
A.H.S. Megaw, "Excavations in Cyprus 1937-1939," RDAC (1937-1939), 217

Panayia Pergamenotissa
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Famagusta 0 0 0

Bibliography
S. Hadjusavvas, Καηαβοιές 1 Αρταηοιογηθή επηζθόπηζε 20 θαηετοκέλωλ 7-8
ζήκερα τωρηώλ ηες επαρτίας Ακκοτώζηοσ. (Nicosia 1991)
Papacostas 1999 no. 92
Panayia Syka
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 7 600? 0 0 Yes
Megaw (1946), 52-53: "“This is the smallest of the three churches, having in its present form
only three bays; but it has a narthex, a feature absent in the others (Fig. I 2). Other differences are
the lack of internal blind arcading on the north and south walls and the use in the aisles of
corbels to carry the transverse arches (Fig. I I). However, its general character is similar, though
its construction is inferior. Like the other two churches, it is a reconstruction with stone vaults of
a wood-roofed, columnar basilica. Of the latter the west wall and the lower parts of the apses
have survived. Between the apses some drums of' the half-columns which ended the colonnades
are preservcd (Fig. ~ q )a,n d the corresponding western half-columns are plainly visible. Five
intercolumniations of 2.4 jmetres would close the colonnades, as indicated on the plan. Further
details of the first basilica were disclosed about fifteen years ago, when in a period of drought
the cultivators of the neighbourhood cleared the debris from the interior, to appease the Panayia,
and summoned n priest to pray there for rain. The floor of the reconstructed church was reached
and broken through, revealing part of the original pavement about 30 ccntimetre below it. In the
central apse a simple synthronon was laid bare. In the course of the same clearance works
fragments of a marblc ambon and of chancel panels came to light. This church lacks the
passages communicating from the. central to the lateral apses. On the south side there are traces
of a second aisle or chapel with apsidal east end, evidently of the first period.

When the building was reconstructed as a vaulted basilica the north and south walls were entirely
rebuilt, almost double the original thickness. The internal blind arcading, lacking on these walls,
recurs in the narthex added outside tlie west wall, evidently at the time of reconstruction. This is
in three parts following the standard Middle-Byzantine form: barrel vaults running north-south
covering the two lateral divisions (much of the northern vault is preserved) with a third, at a
higher level, running cast-west over the central part. Some trace of paintings have survived on
the reconstructed north wall and on some of the piers, too meager to give any indication of their
date.”
Bibliography
Megaw 1974 76
Papacostas 1999 no. 105
A.H.S. Megaw, "Three Vaulted Basilicas in Cyprus," JHS 66 (1946) 48-56
Panayia tis Kyras - Livadia
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 600 very 0 0
late
6th -
early
7th
Megaw 1974, 76: "Nor is there any reason to consider provincial the mosaic of the orant Virgin
of which something remains in an early basilica apse incorporated in the small domed church of
the Panayia tis Kyras at Livadia. The iconographic type, which was followed in the Lateran
chapel of San Venazio (between 642-650), and the relation of the attendant figures to a position
outside the apse conform with what could be expected in a church of the metropolitan area in the
first half of the seventh century."

Megaw and Hawkins (1974), 363-364: "The church is of the cruciform type, which, though
primative in character, remained popular in Cyprus throughout the Middle Ages. What is left of
the mosaic is in the sanctuary arm of the cross, in the tiny semidome of the apse, which is only
2.10 m in diameter. It can be shown that this apse and its mosaic are older than the rest of the
church, which has features found elsewhere in Cyprus in a chruch of the 12th century."

"One indication that the apse is not contemporary with the rest o fthe church, is the clumsy way
in which a prothesis niceh has been provided by encroaching on the apse itself. A significant
relic from the original building to which the apse belonged is immured at the eastern springing of
the north vault. It is a marble post of the type commonly used in the low sanctuary screens of
early basilicas. Other relics from the first church lie outside it successor, including stone column-
shafts from it colonnades."

[p. 366]: "On the other hand, the isolationof the standing Theotokos in a gold conch, without
either accompanying firguresor landscape elements was already current in the Byzantine sphere
in the seventh century. The initial, pre-iconoclastic Virgin in the apse of the church of the
Dormition at Nicaea stood thus isolated, and on a footstool; though that figure almost certainly
held the Child in her arms. Consequently, no anachronism is involved in suggesting a seventh-
century date for this example of the isolated orant Virgin in Cyprus.

If that dating is correct, a comparison is called for with the Kiti mosaic, since this also has been
assigned to the seventh century. Despite the basic iconographic differences, there are several
points of similatity: the steep perspective of the footstool and the way in which it cutes into the
lower border; the pose of the Virgin with the weight on one foot and the other carried well to the
side; and, perhaps the most significant similarity, the very small size of the marble tesserae used
in the face and hands. These two mosaics in Cyprus may not then be as far apart in date as
appears at first sight, though the Livadia fragment is probably the later of the two.
Bibliography
Megaw 1974 76
A.H.S. Megaw "Mosaici parietali paleobizantini di Cipro," Corsi 32 (1985) 173-198
A.H.S. Megaw and E.J.W. Hawkins, "A Fragmentary Mosaic of Cyprus," 363-366
CIEB 14.3 (Bucharest 1974)
Panayia-Aphendrica
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Karpas 7 600? 0 0
Megaw, 1946, 50-52: "The present church is a well-preserved building of sixteenth-century style
covered with a pointed barrel-vault, occupying the three western bays of the nave of a vaulted
basilica similar to, but larger than, the Asomatos church (Fig. 7). A large arch in the south wall,
corresponding to the second arch of the earlier arcade, suggests that when the present church was
built part of the south aisle was still intact and was retained as an aisle or chapel for the new
church. Part of the original vaulting of this aisle is shown in Soteriou's photograph, but has now
fallen; the south wall remains. Of the rest of the earlier church little has survived above ground
level apart from a section of the apses at the east end. Here, as in the Asomatos church, the
masonry is massive and is pierced by passages connecting the three apses. Here, too, some drums
of the same half-column responds can be seen in this masonry, where the secondary construction
of the nave arcades has fallen away. In the west wall also, part of the half-column which ended
the original south arcade is visible (Fig. 8). Eastward from this stands a stone column dividing
the westernmost arch of the secondary arcade (Fig. 9). Its distance from the half-column,
measured centre to centre, is 2-75 metres. As a total of eight such intercolumniations would close
on the half-column at the east end it is reasonable to assume that this column has survived in situ
from the original colonnade.

The south wall consists of two parts : an outer thickness, now much decayed and leaning
outwards, and the blind arcade built against its inside face to carry the vault of the south aisle.
The former is built in deep courses of slab construction, twin 'stretchers' alternating with
'headers,' similar to the masonry of the apses. This then is the outer wall of the original columnar
basilica; being no more than 51 centimetres thick it can only have supported a wooden roof.*
The eastern part of the south wall has not survived above ground level, consequently the
arrangement of the east end of the original basilica and of its sanctuary cannot be determined
without excavation. Even the limits of the building suggested on the plan are by no means
certain. When the church was reconstructed as a vaulted basilica it was divided into five bays. In
the three western bays the nave wall on the south side has survived, rising above the vault of' the
sixteenth-century church. Here as in the Asomatos church, there were no clerestory windows. At
the east end, however, the treatment appears to have been different; for above the south-east
angle of the sixtee~lth-century church the curvature of the nave vault is not continued on the
south wall, which from this point eastwards, so far as it is preserved, shows a vertical face on
both sides. There is nothing at this point, nor in the plan, to suggest that the eastern bays of the
nave of the otherwise vaulted basilica were covered by a dome. The unexpected change in the
vaulting could, however, be explained if the second bay of the nave from the east had been raised
to a higher level and covered with a transverse barrel-vault. This would have enabled windows to
be opened in the vertical walls forming the north and south gables of the transverse vault,
admitting light to an otherwise excessively dark interior. Excavation outside the apse of the third
church might throw light on this problematical feature of the second."
Bibliography
A.H.S. Megaw, "Three Vaulted Basilicas in Cyprus," JHS 66 (1946) 48-56

Paphos - Toumbelos
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Paphos 0 0 0

Bibliography
A. Papageorghiou, "Ο λαός ηοσ Αγίοσ Λαδάροσ ζηε Λάρλαθα," RDAC 211 note 18
(1998)
Shyrvallos
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
Paphos 0 0 0 Yes
Arch Rep (1961-1965), 43: "partly cleared in 1963 at the locality 'Shyrvallos' on top of the cliffs
east of Paphos town. It proved to be a three-aisled church paved with mosaics, unfortunately
badly damaged by the construction of a house. In the baptistery a mosaic inscription was found
and removed to the Paphos Museum (published in RDAC, I 964,47 ff.) . It refers to the donor of
the mosaic who refuses to reveal his name. A brief report on this excavation appears in
Apostolos Varnavas, I 964, I I ff."
Bibliography
Arch Rep 1961-1966 43
I. Nicolaou, "Inscriptiones Cypriae Alphabeticae (II)" RDAC (1963) 47f.
G. Babic, "North Chapel of the Quatrefoil Church at Ohrid and its mosaic 269
floor," Zbornik Radova 13 (1971)
Papageorghiou 1963 11ff
RDAC (1964) 47ff.
J. and L. Robert, Bull. Epig. REG 78 (1965) 181 n. 448
Syntagma 1974 147f
SEG 23 (1968) 212 n. 635
Arch Rep 1965-1966 43
BCH 88 (1964) 374
Megaw 1974 71, n. 35a.
J. and L. Robert, Bull. Epig. REG 77 (1964) 237f, n. 533 no.
BZ 57 (1964) 544

Soloi
Region Century Dates Max L Max W Mosaic Sculpt? Paint? Bapt?
5 52 30.4 Yes

Bibliography
J. des Gagnier, BCH 95 (1971) 424
J. des Gagnier, BCH 94 (1970) 276f.
Tran Tam Tinh, "La Basilica," in Soloi, dix campagnes de fouilles (1964-
1974). Vol 1.
Megaw 1974 64
J. des Gagnier, BCH 92 (1968) 372f.
J. des Gagnier, BCH 91 (1967) 361-363
Papacostas 1999 no. 102
J. des Gagnier, BCH 93 (1969) 533f.