You are on page 1of 5

&RPPXQLFDWLRQVDQG6LJQDO3URFHVVLQJ

Electrical & Computer Engineering

(( 6SULQJ

3DUW

1RLVHLQ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ6\VWHPV

‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

1RLVHRQ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ6\VWHPV
Electrical & Computer Engineering

 ,QWKHSURFHVVRIFRPPXQLFDWLRQQRLVHDULVHVLQYDULRXVIRUPV
z P W LVFRUUXSWHGLQWKHWUDQVPLWWHUE\WKHUPDOQRLVHGXHWRWKH
SUHVHQFHRIHOHFWURQLFGHYLFHV HJ$XGLR$PSOLILHU
z F W LVQRWDSXUHVLQHZDYH LQIDFWLWFRQWDLQVKDUPRQLF
GLVWRUWLRQV
z V W H[SHULHQFHVPXOWLSOLFDWLYHQRLVHLQWKHSURFHVVRIEHLQJ
WUDQVPLWWHGIURPWKHFKDQQHOGXHWRWXUEXOHQFHLQWKHDLU
UHIOHFWLRQUHIUDFWLRQVPXOWLSDWKHWF
z V W DOVRVXIIHUVIURPDGGLWLYHQRLVHGXULQJWUDQVPLVVLRQ SDVVLQJ
DXWRPRELOHVVWDWLFHOHFWULFLW\OLJKWQLQJSRZHUOLQHVVXQVSRWVHWF
z WKHUPDODQGVKRUWQRLVHDWWKHUHFHLYHU
 $OOWKHVHGLIIHUHQWQRLVHFRPSRQHQWVGHJUDGHWKHSHUIRUPDQFHRI
FRPPXQLFDWLRQV\VWHP
 $PRQJWKHVHW\SHVRIQRLVHWKHDGGLWLYHQRLVHLVWKHPRVWDQQR\LQJ
z XVXDOO\FRQWDLQVPRVWSRZHU LVRIPRVWLQWHUHVWLQPDQ\
DSSOLFDWLRQV
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 
&RPPXQLFDWLRQ6\VWHP0RGHO
Electrical & Computer Engineering

Transmitter Channel Receiver

(modulated signal ) s(t) + r(t) (received signal )

n(t)
(noise)

 ,QWKHFKDQQHOWKHVLJQDOH[SHULHQFHDWWHQXDWLRQWLPHGHOD\ SUHFLVHO\
NQRZQ DQGDGGLWLYHQRLVH
 0RVWGLVWXUEDQFHVLQWHUIHUHQFHDWWHQXDWLRQHWFDUHXVXDOO\
FODVVLILHGDVQRLVH
 7KHPRVWLPSRUWDQWW\SHRIQRLVHWKDWRFFXULQFRPPXQLFDWLRQV\VWHP
LVVDLGWREH³ZKLWHQRLVH´Q W
 8VXDOO\WKHQ W LVDVVXPHGWREHDGGLWLYHZKLWHDQG*DXVVLDQQRLVH
$:*1 ZLWKSRZHUVSHFWUDOGHQVLW\*Q I

‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

:KLWH1RLVHDQG)LOWHUHG1RLVH
Electrical & Computer Engineering

z :KLWH1RLVHLVD UDQGRPSURFHVVKDYLQJDIODW FRQVWDQW SRZHU


VSHFWUDOGHQVLW\*Q I RYHUWKHHQWLUHIUHTXHQF\UDQJH
z ZKLWHEHFDXVHLWLVDQDORJRXVWRZKLWHOLJKW
z DVVXPHGWREHD *DXVVLDQ UDQGRPSURFHVV
z XVXDOO\DGGLWLYHLQQDWXUH
*Q I
1

f
0
VLGHGSRZHUVSHFWUDOGHQVLW\RIQRLVH

z +HQFHWKLVW\SHRIQRLVHLVFRPPRQO\FDOOHG$GGLWLYH:KLWHDQG
*DXVVLDQ $:*1 ZLWKSRZHUVSHFWUDOGHQVLW\VXFKWKDW
1
*Q I = 

‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 
Electrical & Computer Engineering

7KLVW\SHRIQRLVHLVZLGHEDQG DQGFDQQRWEHH[SUHVVHGLQWHUPVRI
TXDUGUDWXUHFRPSRQHQWV
+RZHYHULQPRVWFRPPXQLFDWLRQV\VWHPVRSHUDWLQJDWFDUULHU
IUHTXHQF\ IFWKHEDQGZLGWKRIWKHFKDQQHO% RU: LVVPDOOFRPSDUHG
WRIF Ö QDUURZEDQG V\VWHPV
,QVXFKVLWXDWLRQVLWLVPDWKHPDWLFDOO\FRQYHQLHQWWRUHSUHVHQW WKH
ZKLWHQRLVHSURFHVVLQWHUPVRIWKHTXDGUDWXUHFRPSRQHQWV
z 7KLVLVDFFRPSOLVKHGE\SDVVLQJWKHVLJQDOSOXVQRLVHDWWKH
UHFHLYLQJWHUPLQDOWKURXJKDQLGHDO%3)KDYLQJDSDVVEDQGDV
*Q I
1

% %
I
IF  IF

‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

Electrical & Computer Engineering


6LJQDOWR1RLVH5DWLR
 6LJQDOWRQRLVHUDWLR 615 LVWKHILJXUHRIPHULWIRUHYDOXDWLQJWKH
SHUIRUPDQFHRIDQDORJFRPPXQLFDWLRQV\VWHPV

67 6L 6R
m(t) Transmitter Channel + Receiver output
input 1L 1

Q W Noise

z DFHUWDLQVLJQDOP W LVWUDQVPLWWHGZLWKSRZHU67
z V W LVFRUUXSWHGE\QRLVHQ W GXULQJWUDQVPLVVLRQ
z FKDQQHOPD\DOVRDWWHQXDWH DQGRUGLVWRUW WKHVLJQDO
z DWUHFHLYHUZHKDYHDVLJQDOPL[HGZLWKQRLVH
z WKHVLJQDODQGQRLVHSRZHUDWWKHUHFHLYHULQSXWDUH 6L DQG1L
z WKHUHFHLYHUSURFHVVHVWKHVLJQDO ILOWHUVGHPRGXODWLRQHWF WR
\LHOGWKHGHVLUHGVLJQDOSRZHU6RSOXVQRLVHSRZHU1R
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 
Electrical & Computer Engineering

,QDQDORJV\VWHPWKHTXDOLW\RIWKHUHFHLYHGVLJQDOLVPHDVXUHG E\WKH
RXWSXW615
6 6
615 =  =  
1   1 
/DUJHUYDOXHRI615LVGHVLUDEOH
z WKLVFDQEHDFKLHYHGE\VLPSO\LQFUHDVLQJ67
z KRZHYHUWKLVLVXVXDOO\QRWSRVVLEOHVLQFHLQSUDFWLFHWKHPD[ YDOXH
RI67 LVOLPLWHGE\RWKHUFRQVLGHUDWLRQVVXFKDV
‹)&&UXOH
‹WUDQVPLWWHUFRVW
‹FKDQQHOFDSDFLW\
‹LQWHUIHUHQFHZLWKRWKHUFKDQQHOVDQGVRRQ
,QSUDFWLFHLWLVPRUHFRQYHQLHQWWRGHDOZLWKUHFHLYHGVLJQDOSRZHU 6L
LQVWHDGRI67
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

%DVHEDQG6\VWHP
Electrical & Computer Engineering

 ,QEDVHEDQGV\VWHPVWKHVLJQDOLVWUDQVPLWWHGZLWKRXWPRGXODWLRQ
 7KLVPRGHRIFRPPXQLFDWLRQLVXVHGLQVKRUWKDXOOLQNVRYHUDSDLURI
ZLUHVRUFRD[LDOFDEOH
 $OWKRXJKWKLVPRGHRIFRPPXQLFDWLRQLVQRWZLGHO\XVHGWKHLUVWXG\
LVLPSRUWDQWEHFDXVHPDQ\RIWKHEDVLFFRQFHSWVSDUDPHWHUVFDQEH
FDUULHGRYHUWRPRGXODWHGV\VWHPV
 $OVREDVHEDQGV\VWHPVDUHXVHGDVEHQFKPDUNIRUFRPSDULQJWKH
SHUIRUPDQFHRIDQDORJV\VWHPV

67 6L 6R
LPF Channel LPF
m(t) + \ ' W
+S I +& I 1L +G I 1
input

Q W Noise
limits m(t) eliminates out-
of-band noise

$EDVHEDQG&RPPXQLFDWLRQ6\VWHP0RGHO
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 
Electrical & Computer Engineering

P W LVDVVXPHGWREH]HURPHDQZLGHVHQVHVWDWLRQDU\UDQGRP
SURFHVVEDQGOLPLWHGWR% +]
$VVXPHWKDWWKHFKDQQHOLVGLVWRUWLRQOHVVZLWKXQLWJDLQ
6 L = 67 + 1 
6 = 6L 
1  =  ∫ *Q I GI
%

VLJQDOWRQRLVHUDWLRLVWKHQJLYHQDV

615 = 0HDQ6LJQDO3RZHU = 6R
1RLVH3RZHU 1R 7KLVLVXVHGDVD
7KHUHIRUHIRUDEDVHEDQGV\VWHP VWDQGDUGIRUPDNLQJ
6   6  FRPSDULVRQVRIWKH
615 =    =  L  YDULRXVDQDORJ
 1  E  1  % E PRGXODWLRQVFKHPHV
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

Electrical & Computer Engineering

Q W
[ W Channel [5 W [ W + Q W
J7 J5 LPF
6; 67 L 65 6 + 1 

5HFHLYHU
67 6 = [ = J 5 6 5 ( 1  )RXWSXW = J 5 1  %
67 = J 7 [  = J 7 6 ; 6 5 = [5 =
/
6 65
  =
 1 R 1  %
5HFHLYHURXWSXW615GRHVQRWGHSHQGRQWKHJDLQJ5
+RZHYHUFKDQQHOJDLQRUORVVHVZLOODIIHFWWKHRXWSXW
6 67
  =
 1 R /1  %
‹ 'U 2 & 8JZHMH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI $NURQ 1RLVH LQ &RPPXQLFDWLRQ 6\VWHPV 3DJH 

You might also like