BORDER MOLDING

DR SHABEEL PN
http://hi-dentfinishingschool.blogspot.com/
http://www.apexiondental.com/
 BORDER MOLDING

Shaping borders of impression tray

•Functional or manual manipulation of tissues
•Duplicates contour & size of vestibule
 BORDER MOLDING

Performed with
Thermoplastic modeling compound
Waxes
Impression materials
 TRAY WAX SPACER

Remains in place during border molding procedures

 CUSTOM TRAY

Comfortable
2-3 mm from vestibule
Dry periphery of tray
(Compound will not stick to
tray otherwise)
 HEATING COMPOUND

Use Bunsen Burner not Hanau Torch

Warm until it starts to droop
Do not overheat – if catches fire or
boils, it will not mold properly
 COMPOUND APPLICATION

Apply over periphery of tray, in a

thickness just slightly narrower than the
compound stick
 RE-SOFTEN AFTER APPLICATION

Flame with a hand torch until all seams

or sharp contours have disappeared
Do not melt wax spacer inside tray
 PREVENTING SLUMPING

Hold the tray upside down so that compound droops toward

the depth of the vestibule
 TEMPERING COMPOUND

Temper in a water bath (135-140°F) for several seconds

Prevent burning
Hot water bath will keep compound soft for an extended period
 WAX SPACER

Keep out of hot water bath to

prevent melting
Difficult to replace tray intraorally
in the same position
Results in uneven border molding
 PREPARE PATIENT

Patient seated, head against headrest, mouth

open & relaxed
If patient “opens wide”, commisures constrict,
limiting access
INSERTING THE CUSTOM TRAY

Place intraorally by rotating into place

Mold by pulling on the cheeks, lips
Have patient make functional movements
 AFTER REMOVAL

Chill in cold water

Trim excess over wax spacer or external
material that is thicker than 4-5 mm
Clean debris from tray
ASSESSING PERIPHERAL ROLE

Proper thickness
No overlap
 BURNTHROUGH

Difficult to see (opaque)

Relieve tray
 AFTER TRIMMING

If border is sharp or has seams, re-flame,

temper and readapt intraorally
Repeat until periphery is completed
 BORDER MOLDING

Don’t reduce border molding prior to final impression if:

Modern low viscosity materials are used
Sufficient relief (spacer + holes)
MAXILLA - SEATING THE TRAY
Seat tray firmly in mid-palatal area during border molding
procedures
 MAXILLA - CONTOURING

Mold posterior buccal by pulling

cheek down & forward with slight
circular movement
 FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENTS

Patient moves mandible side to side & opens wide

Molds the retrozygomal area
Allows for movement of coronoid process
Prevents impingement of pterygomandibular raphe
MAXILLA - LABIAL FRENUM
Pull lip outward & downward
Do not pull to one side
MAXILLA - LABIAL FRENUM

Labial frenum should be narrow

Buccal frenum usually broader, “V-
shaped”
 - MAXILLA

POSTERIOR
BORDER
Add compound across the top of the tray (not at the edge)
MAXILLA - POSTERIOR BORDER
Terminates at vibrating line and hamular notches
Mark with an indelible stick
Insert tray & check visually
EVALUATING BORDER MOLDING

Relatively symmetrical
EVALUATING MAXILLARY
BORDER MOLDING
Retentive
 MANDIBLE

More difficult
Changing position of the floor of the mouth
 POSTERIOR BUCCAL AREAS

Pull cheek upward while holding tray in place

Have patient suck cheeks inward while holding tray in place
 RETROMOLAR PAD

Should be covered (at least partially) to provide a seal and comfort to the
patient
 EXTERNAL OBLIQUE RIDGE

Don’t extend past EOR

Palpate cheek at angle of the mandible
Smooth transition between mandible & border - not
palpable
BUCCAL EXTENSION

Look for fold in vestibule

 MASSETER MUSCLE

Distal buccal extension

Patient closes against force
Activates the masseter, which will displace the compound
MANDIBULAR FRENAL ATTACHMENTS

Labial frenum is narrow

pull lip straight up,
not as exaggerated as maxilla
Buccal frena broad & “V-shaped”
 POSTERIOR LINGUAL AREAS

Have patient touch their tongue to the corners of the mouth, to the palate and
stick their tongue out of their mouth
 POSTERIOR LINGUAL AREAS

An “S” shaped lingual flange commonly results in posterior

lingual area
 RETROMYLOHYOID SPACE

Distolingual border can extend

Straight down from the retromolar pads
Anteriorly to varying degrees
Almost never angles posteriorly from retromolar pads
 POSTERIOR LINGUAL AREAS

X-section through
Lower border at or Mandibular ridge
slightly below in 2nd Molar region
mylohyoid ridge but
not deeply into the
Buccal
undercut below the
ridge, Mylohyoid
Ridge
Minimizes, abrasion
and discomfort Attachments
To Hyoid
 POSTERIOR LINGUAL AREAS

Denture should not lift with normal tongue movements

 ANTERIOR LINGUAL

Patient lifts tongue to palate, to corners of mouth and sticks

tongue out
Hold tray in place – denture should not lift with normal
tongue movement