Glucz v fructoz

TRN HNG Bi tp trc nghim l thuyt .

Cu 1: Phn ng no chng t glucoz c dng mch vng : A. Phn ng vi CH3OH/HCl B. Phn ng trng Ag C. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 D. Phn ng este ho vi (CH3CO)2O Cu 2:: Fructoz khng cho phn ng no sau y : A. dung dch AgNO3/NH3 B. Cu(OH)2 C. (CH3CO)2O D. dung dch Br2 Cu 3: pht biu no sau y ko ng? A. Glucozo v Fructozo l ng phn cu to ca nhau. B. c th phn bit Glucozo v Fructozo bng phn ng trng bc C. trong dung dch, glucozo tn ti dng mch vng u tin hn dng mch h. D. Metyl -glicozit khng th chuyn sang dng mch h. Cu 4: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. dung dch glucozo tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim khi un nng cho kt ta Cu2O B. dung dch AgNO3/NH3 oxi ha glucozo thnh amoni gluconat v to ra bc kim loi. C. dn kh hidro vo dung dch glucozo un nng c Ni lm cht xc tc, sinh ra sobitol. D. dung dch glucozo phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim nhit cao to ra phc ng glucozo Cu 5: cho cc dung dch: glucozo, glixerol, axit axetic, etanol. Thuc th no sau y c th dng phn bit cc dung dch . A. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim B. [Ag(NH3)2]OH C. Na kim loi D. nc Brom Cu 6: cho s chuyn ha sau: tinh bt XY axit axetic. X, Y ln lt l: A. ancol etylic, andehit axetic B. glucozo, andehit axetic C. glucozo, etyl axetat D. glucozo, ancol etylic Cu 7: phn ng ha hc no sau y c th chng minh c c im cu to mch h ca glucozo? A. tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit phng. B. iu ch este c 5 gc axit C. phn ng trng bc D. c 3 phn ng trn. Cu 8: xc nh glucozo c 5 nhm OH ngi ta thng tin hnh: A. cho glucozo tc dng vi Na d, t s mol H2 xc nh s nhm -OH B. Tin hnh phn ng este ha, xc nh s nhm chc este trong sn phm C. cho glucozo phn ng to phc vi Cu(OH)2. D. kh hon ton glucozo thnh n-hexan. Cu 9: Cng thc cu to dng mch h ca glucoz l a. CH2OH(CHOH)4CHO b. CH2OH(CHOH)3COCH2OH c. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n d. CH2OH(CHOH)4CH2OH Cu 10: Cng thc cu to ca sobit l a. CH2OH(CHOH)4 CHO b. CH2OH(CHOH)3 COCH2OH c. CH2OH(CHOH)4 CH2OH d. CH2OH CHOH CH2OH Cu 11: Chn pht biu ng nht: a. Gluxit l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc b. Gluxit l nhng hp cht hu c c cha nhiu nhm chc hiroxyl v cha nhm cacboxyl trong phn t c. Gluxit l nhng hp cht hu c tp chc, c cha nhiu nhm hirxyl (-OH) v c nhm cacbonyl (>C=0) trong phn t. d. Gluxit l nhng hp cht hu c do cc monosaccarit cu to nn. Cu 12: chng minh glucoz c nhm chc anhit, c th dng mt trong ba phn ng ho hc. Trong cc phn ng sau, phn ng no khng chng minh c nhm chc anehit ca glucoz? a. Oxi ho glucoz bng AgNO3/NH3 b. Oxi ho glucoz bng Cu(OH)2 un nng Cu 13: Nhng phn ng ha hc no chng minh rng glucoz l hp cht tp chc. a. Phn ng trng gng v phn ng cho dung dch mu xanh lam nhit phng vi Cu(OH)2. b. Phn ng trng gng v phn ng ln men ru c. Phn ng to phc vi Cu(OH)2 v phn ng ln mn ru d. Phn ng ln men ru v phn ng thy phn Cu 14: Mun bit s c mt ca ng glucoz trong nc tiu, ta c th dng thuc th no trong cc thuc th sau: a. Giy o pH b. Cu(OH)2 c. Dung dch Ag2O/NH3 d. C B, C Cu 15: Cht khng phn ng vi glucoz l a. Ag2O/NH3 b. Cu(OH)2 c. H2/Ni (nhit ) d. I2 Cu 16: ng dng no di y khng phi l ng dng ca glucoz? a. Lm thc phm dinh dng v thuc tng lc b. Trng gng, trng phch c. Nguyn liu sn xut ancol etylic d.Nguyn liu sn xut giy Cu 17: Glucoz khng c tnh cht no di y?

a. Tnh cht ca nhm anehit b. Tnh cht ca poliol c. Tham gia phn ng thu phn d. Tc dng vi CH3OH trong HCl Cu 18: Cho s chuyn ho: Glucoz X Y CH3COOH. Hai cht X, Y ln lt l a. CH3CH2OH v CH2=CH2. b. CH3CHO v CH3CH2OH. c. CH3CH2OH v CH3CHO. d. CH3CH(OH)COOH v CH3CHO. Cu 19: (i hc khi A-2007) chng minh trong phn t glucz c nhiu nhm hiroxyl, ngi ta cho dung dch glucz phn ng vi. a. kim loi Na b. AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 c. Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH, un nng d. Cu(OH)2 nhit thng. Cu 20: fructoz khng phn ng c vi cht no sau y. a. H2/Ni, nhit b. Cu(OH)2 c. agNO3/NH3 (trong mi trng kim) d. dung dch Br2 Cu 21: Nhng phn ng no sau y c th chuyn glucoz, fructoz, thnh nhng sn phm ging nhau: a. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 b. phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 c. phn ng vi H2/Ni, to d. phn ng vi Na Cu 22: Thuc th no trong cc thuc th di y dng nhn bit c tt c cc dung dch cc cht sau: glucoz, glixerol, fomanehit, etanol. a. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim b. AgNO3/NH3 c. Na kim loi d. Nc brom Cu 23: Ch dng mt thuc th no di y phn bit c cc dung dch: glucoz, glixerol, metanal, propan-1-ol. a. Cu(OH)2/OHb. Na kim loi c. dung dch Brom d. AgNO3/NH3 Cu 24: phn bit glucoz v fructoz th nn chn thuc th no di y? A.dd AgNO3/NH3 B.Cu(OH)2/NaOH,t0 C.dd Br2 D.dd (CH3CO)2O/H2SO4 c Cu 25: (i hc khi B-2008) Cho cc cht: ancol (ru) etylic, glixerin (glixerol), glucz, imetyl ete, axit fomic. S cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 l. a. 3 b. 2 c. 4 d. 1 Cu 26: (i hc khi B-2007) Mt trong nhng iu khc nhau ca protit so vi lipit v glucoz l. a. protit lun cha nit b. protit c khi lng phn t ln hn. c. proti lun cha chc hiroxyl d. protit lun l hp cht hu c no. Cu 27: (i hc khi A-2007) Cho cc phn ng sau: a. FeO + HNO3 c nng b. FeS + H2SO4 c nng c. Al2O3 + HNO3 c nng d. Cu + dung dch FeCl3 N e. CH3CHO + H2 i,to f. glucz + AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 g. C2H4 + Br2 h. glixerol (glixerin) + Cu(OH)2 Dy gm cc phn ng u thuc phn ng oxi ha- kh l. a. a, b, c, d, e, g b. a, b, d, e, f, h c. a, b, c, d, e, h d. a, b, d, e, f, g Cu 28: Cho 3,6 gam glucoz phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) th khi lng Ag thu c l a. 3,24 g b. 2,16 g c. 18,4 g d. 4,32 g Cu 29: (i hc khi B-2009) Pht biu no sau y khng ng? a. Glucoz tn ti dng mch h v dng mch vng. b. dng mch h, glucoz c 5 nhm OH k nhau. c. Khi glucoz dng vng th tt c cc nhm OH u to ete vi CH3OH. d. Glucoz tc dng c vi nc brom. Cu 30: Trong cng nghip ch to rut phch ngi ta thng thc hin phn ng no sau y : A. Cho axit fomic tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3. B. Cho axetilen tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3. C. Cho anehit fomic tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3. D. Cho glucoz tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 Cu 31: Cho 5 nhm cht hu c sau : 1. Glucoz v anehit axetic 2. Glucoz v etanol 3. Glucoz v glixerol 4. Glucoz v axit nitric 5. Glucoz v anehit fomic.

Cu 32: Cho cc cht (an col)etylic,glixein(glixerol),glucoz,imetyl ete v axit fomit.S cht tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2 l: A. 3 B.2 C.4 D.1. H khi B-2008 Cu 33: Thuc th no sau y c th phn bit tt c cc cht trn trong mi nhm ? A. Na B. Cu(OH)2/NaOH C. NaOH D. AgNO3/NH3 BI TP TRC NGHIM BI TP : PHNG PHP GII : 1 MOL GLUCOZ 2 MOL Ag ( BC) 1 MOL GLUCOZ 2 MOL C2H5OH + 2 MOL CO2 1 MOL GLUCOZ + H2 SOBITOL mdung dch gim = mkt ta m co2 cng thc quan trng khi lm v bt ru (hay ancol): - D(Ru) = (Vng.cht * 100) / Vdd ru vi V phi i v ml - m(Ru) = Vng.cht . D (khi lng ring) (g/ml) H = Lng thc t phn ng .100% Lng tng s ly H = Lng sn phm thc t thu c .100% Lng sn phm thu theo l thuyt BI TP P DNG : Cu 1: mt cacbohirat X c cng thc n gin nht l CH2O. Cho 18 gam X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d, un nng) thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc phn t ca X l a. C2H4O2 b. C6H12O6 c. C3H6O3 d. C5H10O5 Cu 2: (tt nghip 2007) Thy phn 324 gam tinh bt vi hiu sut ca phn ng l 75%, khi lng glucz thu c l. a. 360 g b. 270 g c. 250 g d. 300 g Cu 3: Glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic, ton b kh sinh ra c dn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d tch ra 40 gam kt ta, bit hiu sut ln men t 75%. Khi lng glucoz cn dng bng bao nhiu gam? a. 24 gam b. 40 gam c. 50 gam d. 48 gam Cu 4: Khi lng kt ta ng (I) oxit to thnh khi un nng dung dch hn hp cha 9 gam glucoz v lng d ng (II) hiroxit trong mi trng kim l bao nhiu gam? a. 1,44 gam b. 3,60 gam c. 7,20 gam d. 14,4 gam Cu 5: Ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong thu c 10 gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch gim 3,4 gam. a c gi tr l bao nhiu? a. 13,5 gam b. 15,0 gam c. 20,0 gam d. 30,0 gam Cu 6: ( Tt nghip 2007) Khi ln men 360 gam glucz vi hiu sut 100%, khi lng ancol etylic thu c l. a. 184 g b. 92 g c. 276 g d. 138 g Cu 7: Cho 10 Kg glucoz cha 10% tp cht, ln men thnh ru etylic. Trong qu trnh ch bin, ru b hao ht 5%. Hi khi lng ru etylic thu c bng bao nhiu a. 4,65 kg b. 4,37 kg c. 6,84 kg d. 5,56 kg Cu 8: (Cao ng khi A-2007) Cho 50 ml dung dch glucz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 2,16 gam bc kt ta. Nng mol (hoc mol/lit) ca dung dch glucz dng l. a. 0,20 M b. 0,01 M c. 0,10 M d. 0,02 M Cu 9: (i hc khi A-2009) Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam so vi khi lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l a. 20,0. b. 30,0. c. 13,5. d. 15,0. Cu 10: (Cao ng khi A-2009) Ln men hon ton m gam glucoz thnh ancol etylic. Ton b kh CO2 sinh ra trong qu trnh ny c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) to ra 40 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l 75% th gi tr ca m l a. 48. b. 30. c. 58. d. 60. Cu 11: un nng dung dch cha 27gam glucozo vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 th khi lng Ag thu c ti a l: A. 21,6g B. 10,8g C. 32,4g D. 16,2g Cu 12: Cho thc hin phn ng trng bc hon ton 1,53 gam dung dch truyn huyt thanh glucozo thu c 0,0918 gam Ag. Nng phn trm ca dung dch truyn huyt thanh trn l:

A. 7,65% B. 5% C. 3,5% D. 2,5% Cu 13: Cho m gam glucozo ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 75%. Ton b kh CO2 sinh ra c hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 ly d to ra 80g kt ta. ha tr ca m l: A. 74 B. 54 C. 108 D. 96 Cu 14: Cho m gam glucozo ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Hp th hon ton kh CO2 sinh ra vo dung dch nc vi trong thu c 10 gam kt ta, lc kt ta ri un nng nc lc li thu c 5g kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 45 B. 11,25 C. 7,5 D. 22,5 Cu 15: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu su 81%. Ton b lng kh sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 ly d, thu c 75g kt ta. gi tr ca m l: A. 75 B. 65 C. 8 D. 55 Cu 16: Mt mu glucozo c cha 2% tp cht c ln men ru vi hiu sut 45% th thu c 1 lt ancol 46o. tnh khi lng mu glucozo dng. Bit khi lng ring ca ancol nguyn cht l 0,8g/ml. A. 1600gam B. 720gam C. 735gam D. 1632,65gam Cu 17: Ln men m gam glucoz (hiu sut 80%) kh thot ra hp th ht vo dung dch nc vi trong thy c 40 gam. Lc tch ly kt ta sau un nng dung dch nc lc, li thy c thm 10 gam kt ta . Xc nh m. A. 54 gam B. 60 gam C. 67,5 gam D. 45 gam. Cu 18: Cho a gam glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Kh CO2 thot ra c hp th va ht bi 65,57ml dung dch NaOH 20% (d = 1,22g/ml) sn phm thu c l mui natri hirocacbonat. Xc nh a. A. 36 gam B. 45 gam C. 18 gam D. 22,5 gam. Cu 19: Mt hp cht hu c X tp chc c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh v cha nhm chc CH=O v nhm -OH. t chy X chy thu c CO2 v H2O vi s mol bng nhau v bng s mol O2 t chy. un nng 9 gam X vi lng d Ag2O/ dung dch NH3 cho 10,8gam Ag (hiu sut 100%) . Vy cng thc cu to ng ca X l: A. CH2OH-CHOH - CHO ; B. CH2OH(CHOH)4-CHO; C. CH2OH(CHOH)3-CO-CH2OH; D. CH2OH-(CHOH)3-CH=O Cu 20 Cho a gam glucoz ln men thnh ru etylic vi hiu sut 80%. Kh CO2 thot ra c hp th va ht bi 65,57ml dung dch NaOH 20% (d = 1,22g/ml) sn phm thu c l mui natri hirocacbonat. Xc nh a. A. 36 gam B. 45 gam C. 18 gam D. 22,5 gam. Cu 21: Cho 5 kg glucoz (cha 20% tp cht) ln men. Hy tnh th tch ru 40o thu c. Bit rng khi lng ru b hao ht l 10% v khi lng ring ca ru nguyn cht l 0,8 (g/ml). A. 2,3 (l) B. 5,75 (l) C. 63,88 (l) D. Kt qu khc Cu 22: Cho m gam tinh bt ln men thnh ancol etylic vi hiu sut 81%.Ton b lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 550 gam kt ta v dung dch X.un k dung dch X thu thm c 100 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l:A.550 B.810 C.650 D.750 H khi B-2007 Cu 23: Cho 50 ml dung dch glucoz cha r nng tc dng vi mt lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 2,16 gam Ag kt ta.Nng mol ( hoc mol/l) ca dung dch glucoz dng l: A.0,2 M B.0,1M C.0,01M D.0,02M C khi A-2007 Cu 24: Lng glucoz cn dng to ra 1,82 gam sobitol vi hiu sut 80% l: A.2,25 gam B. 1,80 gam C.1,82 gam D.1,44 gam H khi A-2008 Cu 25: Khi lng ca tinh bt cn dng trong qu trnh ln men to thnh 5 lt ru (ancol)etylic 460 l (bit hiu sut ca qu trnh l 72% v khi lng ring ca ru etylic nguyn cht l 0,8 g/ml) A..6,0 kg. B. 5,4kg. C. 5,0kg. D.4,5kg. H khi B-2008 Cu 26: Cho glucz ln men vi hiu sut 70% hp th ton b sn phm kh thot ra vo 2 lit dd NaOH 1,25 M ( d=1,05 g/ml) thu c dung dch cha 2 mui vi tng nng l 6,833%.Khi lng glucoz dng l: A.129,68 g B.168,29 g C.192,78 g D.186,92 g Cu 27: Ln men a gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng CO2 sinh ra c hp th ht bi dung dch Ca(OH)2 thu c 10 kt ta v khi lng dung dch gim 3,4 gam. a c gi tr l: A.13,5 g B.15 g C.20 g D.30 g Cu 28: T 10 kg go np c 80% tinh bt, khi ln men s thu c bao nhiu lit cn 960? Bit hiu sut qu trnh ln men t 80% v khi lng ring ca cn 960 l 0,807 g/ml. A.4,7 lit B.4,5 lit C.4,3 lit D.4,1 lit Cu 29: Cho m g tinh bt ln men sn xut ancol etylic. Ton b CO2 sinh ra cho vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 ly d c 750 gam kt ta. Hiu sut mi giai on ln men l 80%. Gi tr ca m l: A.940 g B.949,2 g C.950,5 g D.1000 g

Bi tp t lun.
Cu 1: Vit cng thc cu to mch h thu gn v dng mch vng ca glucz. Cho bit glucz phn ng c vi cht no trong cc cht sau: Ag2O (trong NH3), Cu(OH)2, NaOH, Na. Cu 2: Vit cng thc cu to mch h thu gn v dng mch vng ca fructoz. Cho bit fructoz phn ng c vi cht no trong cc cht sau: dung dch AgNO3 (trong dung dch NH3), dung dch Cu(OH)2, Na, NaOH, H2. Cu 3: Nhn bit cc dung dch cc hp cht trong mi cht sau y bng phng php ha hc. a. glucz, glixerol b. glucz, glixerol, etanol.

c. glucz, anehit fomic, etanol. Cu 4: un nng dung dch cha 9 gam glucz vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thy Ag tch ra. Tnh khi lng Ag thu c v khi lng AgNO3 phn ng. Cu 5: Cho glucz ln men thnh ru etylic. Dn kh cc bonic sinh ra vo nc vi trong d, thu c 50 gam kt ta. Tnh khi lng ru thu c v khi lng glucz tham gia ln men. (bit hiu sut ln men t 10%) Cu 6: Cho 2,5 Kg glucz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru etylic. Trong qu trnh ch bit, ru b hao ht mt 10%. Tnh khi lng ru thu c. Nu pha long ru thnh ru 40o th s c bao nhiu lit, bit ru nguyn cht c khi lng ring d=0,8 g/ml. Cu 7: Ln men a gam glucz, cho ton b lng CO2 sinh ra hp th vo dung dch nc vi trong to thnh 10g kt ta. Khi lng dung dch so vi ban u gim i 3,4 g. Tnh a (Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh ln men l 90%) Cu 8: t chy hon ton 0,9 gam mt gluxit thu c 1,32 gam CO2 v 0,54 gam H2O. Khi lng phn t ca gluxit l 180 vc. Xc nh cng thc thc nghim, cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to dng mch h ca gluxit . Tnh th tch H2 (ktc) hiro ha hon ton 9 gam gluxit trn. Cu 9: t chy hon ton 0,9 g mt cacbohydrat thu c 1,32 g CO2 v 0,54 g H2 O . khi lng phn t ca cacbohydrat bng 180 vC. a.Xc nh CTPT ca cacbohydrat . b. Hydro ho hon ton 2,7 g cacbohydrat trn th th tch H2 cn dng kc l bao nhiu lt? Cu 10: t chy hon ton 16,2 g mt cacbohydrat X thu c 13,44 lt kh CO2 (kc) v 9 g nc. a.Tm cng thc n gin nht ca X. X thuc loi cacbohidrat no hc?