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I/ C s ly thuyt v cach tip cn khung lgic 1.

Khai nim v cach tip cn khung lgic Khung logic l mt cng c qun l vi mc ch to ra thit k tt th hin tnh logic ca d n nghin cu v cc cu phn m n ng gp. V cn bn n c s dng h tr ngi lp d n nghin cu cu trc v nh dng tng ca h trong mt mu tiu chun mt cch r rng. Khung logic l mt ma trn 4x4. Theo chiu dc v cp bc n bao gm: (i) mc ch, (ii) mc tiu (iii) kt qu v (iv) cc hot ng. N cn bao gm th t theo chiu ngang: (i) tm tt cc thng tin cc cp t mc ch mc tiu- kt qu v hot ng (ii) cc ch tiu/ch bo cho bit vic t c cc mc tiu cc cp , (iii) cc ngun cn thit thm nh cc ch tiu, v (iv) cc gi nh quan trng c th di chuyn t mt mc tiu/kt qu ln mc tiu v kt qu cao hn.
Tm tt Ch tiu o lng Phng tin/Ngun thm nh cc ch tiu Cc gi nh quan trng

Mc ch/Mctiu tng th Mc tiu c th ca nghin cu u ra/ Kt qu

Cc hot ng/ni dung nghin cu

Bng 1: Khung logic nghin cu

Cc thnh t ca khung logic c xc nh nh sau: i. mc ch/mc tiu tng th l mc tiu cp cao hoc l tc ng c tnh lu di ca nghin cu trong vng, khu vc hoc quc gia; ii. mc tiu c th l tc ng trc tip, o m c ca nghin cu, chnh l kt qu cui cng c hon thnh ca nghin cu; iii. cc sn phm u ra l cc kt qu m nghin cu ny bo m t c; iv. cc hot ng/ni dung l cc hnh ng ch cht c tin hnh nhm to ra c kt qu u ra; v. cc ch tiu/tiu ch l cc thng s o lng, thm nh mc t c ca cc mc tiu cc cp , n bao gm cc thng s nh lng, nh tnh, cht lng v thi gian hon thnh; vi. cc phng tin thm nh l cc ngun c th ca cc d liu cn thit xem xt mc t c ca cc mc tiu cc cp ; vii. cc gi nh l cc s kin, iu kin, quyt nh quan trng; n nm ngoi s qun l ca nghin cu nhng li rt thit t c mc tiu cc cp khc nhau. 2. Nhng u im cua cach tip khung logic so vi cach tip cn thng thng
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Khung logic khng cng nhc t khi bt u cho n kt thc. N l mt ti liu sng m c th thay i ty theo mi trng bn ngoi, hoc bt k s thay i no phi c c th t c kt qu, u ra. Thng tin trong khung logic l c tnh tng qut trong giai on thit k nghin cu v c s dng qun l vic thc hin. Cc sa i trong khung logic, mt cch l tng cn c tin hnh vi s ng ca tt c cc bn lin quan trong tin trnh nghin cu.

Gii thch r rng lm th no tin trnh nghin cu t c cc mc ch t ra. 3. Quy trinh lp k hoach va kim soat s thc hin Qua trinh thit k khung logic bao gm 3 bc: quy trnh lp k hoch; quy

trnh kim sot v nh gi s thc hin v a ra khung logic. A. Quy trnh lp k hoch 1) Xc nh mc ch/mc tiu tng th y l l do cn bn tin hnh nghin cu. N chnh l tm nhn trong tng lai m nghin cu ny h tr t uc. Nghin cu ny s ng gp vo mc ch tng th, nhng hon thnh c mc ch ny th cn cn nhiu nghin cu khc. 2) Xc nh mc tiu c th Phn nay tra li cho cac cu hoi:
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Ti sao nghin cu ny cn c tin hnh? Tc ng mong i ca n l g?

Mc tiu c th ca nghin cu l m t tc ng m n to ra bi vic hon thnh cc kt qu/sn phm nghin cu. Cc mc tiu cng s l c s xc nh phng php lun nghin cu v nh gi kt qu nghin cu. Khng c nhm ln gia mc tiu v mc ch tng th, mc tiu l c th v trc tip. Cc mc tiu cn c vit vn tt v c ng m t nhng g m nghin cu mang li. Cn vit mt mc tiu khng qua 2 cu. 3) Xc nh cc u ra/kt qu Tra li cho cac cu hoi: D n s hon thnh ci g? y l cc kt qu ca nghin cu hoc u ra thch hp d n t c cc mc tiu c th v cng l iu m nh nghin cu cam kt s to ra theo nh k hoch. u ra ca nghin cu cn c lm r nh l cc kt qu m chng l cn thit bo m cho vic t c mc tiu ca nghin cu. u ra cn c vit

di dng chui cc kt qu theo thi gian. Trong nghin cu, n c th l cc u ra c th ca nm th 1, nm tip theo, ... m trong kt qu cui cng cn c ch ra tng thi im c th trong khung logic. 4) Xc nh cc hot ng/ni dung nghin cu Tra li cho cu hoi: Lm th no nghin cu c hon thnh? Cc hat ng/ni dung nghin cu l cc yu t hnh ng cn thit hon thnh c cc kt qu/u ra v l trch nhim ca nh nghin cu. Mi mt mc tiu ca cc cp u ra cn c mt hot ng hoc nhm hot ng h tr cho vic ny; cc hat ng c xc nh nh l chin lc hnh ng hon thnh c tng kt qu/u ra. 5) Xc nh cc ngun lc cn thit cho nghin cu Sau khi xc nh tt c cc cu phn lin quan nghin cu, cn thit tnh ton n cc ngun lc cho nghin cu, cc ngun lc ny cn c lm r c th theo phng php tip cn ng vi rng mc tiu nghin cu. Cu hi l: Nhn lc, thit b, phng tin v cc ngun lc khc l sn sng gii quyt c vn nghin cu trong thc tin? Yu cu v ngun lc c th bao gm t nht l trong 7 hng mc: Ngun lc con ngi, phng tin, thit b, ngun cung cp, ti chnh, h tr v t chc, v cc ngun lc lin quan khc. Cc hng mc ny cn c xc nh, tnh ton c th khi tho lun chun b xut kinh ph cho d n nghin cu. a) Ngun nhn lc, con ngi : S sn sng v ngun nhn lc tin hnh tt c cc kha cnh ca nghin cu l yu t ct li bo m nghin cu thnh cng. iu ny khng ch bao gm c nhn cc nh nghin cu, k thut vin nghin cu, tr l nghin cu; m cn quan trng l cc nhn vin h tr, hnh chnh, k ton v tr l hin trng. Nhng ngi ny l sn sng ti cc thi im theo k hoch nghin cu? H c k nng thch hp cho nghin cu? C hay

cha c ch gim st thch hp qun l s tham gia trong nghin cu? ..... Nh vy nh nghin cu cn chun b qun l cc thnh t ngun nhn lc ca nghin cu mt cch thch hp v tha ng. b) Phng tin : Phng tin cn thit cho nghin cu cn phi ht sc c th. Phng th nghim, hin trng nh th no hon thnh nghin cu? Cc phng tin cn thit l sn sng cc thi im nghin cu thch hp? c) Thit b : K hoch v chun b v s dng thit b cng c tm quan trng nh l ngun nhn lc v phng tin. Trong trng hp c bit, thit b chuyn ngnh cn phi c, v iu quan trng l ngi nghin cu cn c k nng s dng v bo qun thit b . Nu cn thit phi c o to, v nh vy th ngun kinh ph s u?. d) Ngun cung cp : Tt c cc nghin cu lin quan n nng lm nghip u yu cu c ngun cung cp cc vt t, thit b, ging, cy con, .... Cn lm r ngun cung cp, cht lng, gi c, thi gian ,.... cho cc hng mc nghin cu. e) Ti chnh : Sau khi thm nh, tnh ton nhng g m nghin cu cn nh ngun nhn lc, phng tin, thit b, ngun cung cp, .. trn c s xc nh ngun ti chnh cn c. Yu cu h tr cho nghin cu lun lun c cn bng gia tng ca ngi nghin cu vi ngun ngn sch thc t, do vy iu ny cn c s cn i gia mc tiu nghin cu vi ngun ti chnh ti thiu phi c c th hon thnh nghin cu. f) H tr v t chc th ch : Mt cch chc chn l nghin cu cn c s h tr ca c quan v ti chnh, thit b, s dng phng tin, .... v cc c quan, t chc, a phng khc v iu kin lm vic, nghin cu. Lm r iu ny s l thun li cho vic trin khai k hoch nghin cu g) Quan tm c bit khc : Mt s nghin cu cn c giy php hoc chp thun chnh thc mt s hot ng, do vy cng cn c s h tr v mt php l.

B. Quy trnh gim st v nh gi s thc hin 1) Xc nh mc ch , mc tiu ca vic gim st Mc ch ca vic gim st: - Nhm hon thin cc k hoch, quyt nh. - To c s thng tin, xy dng cc quyt nh, k hoch mi. - Nhm xc nh nh hng, k hoch quyt nh nn nhng i tng nht nh v a ra li khuyn cho i tng nhm thc hin k hoch 1 cch tt nht, c li cho mnh nht. Vic nh gi s thc hin da trn cc tiu ch: - Tnh hiu lc: nh gi kt qu/ mc tiu. - Tnh hiu qu: nh gi kt qu/ chi ph. - Tnh bn vng: nh gi tc ng c nh hng bn vng theo thi gian hay khng. - Tnh cng bng: c m bo i x tng ng vi cc i tng c iu kin nh nhau hay khng. 2) Xac inh cac chi s o lng c Cc ch s cn c xc nh nh lng, chi tit cc cp theo yu cu ca cc mc tiu, v chng cn bo m cc mc tiu cao hn t c. lm r ch tiu thm nh v s lng, cht lng v thi gian cn a ra con s, ngy thng hoc m t cht lng c th c th o lng c; iu ny l quan trng gim st hiu qu (ti cp kt qu/u ra) v nh gi (ti cp mc tiu). Hy lm theo th t: (i) ti cp mc tiu c th, (ii) ti cp kt qu u ta, (iii) ti cp mc ch tng th, v (iv) ti cc hot ng/ni dung.

3) Gim st thc hin Xc nh cc ngun thng tin thm nh cc ch tiu, v cc bng chng in hnh cho bit ci g t c. Ti cp hot ng thng l cc bo co tin . Ti cp u ra thng l cc n phm, bi bo, bi ging, hot ng lan rng, .... Hat ng thm nh cng cn xc nh cc hnh ng cn thit theo yu cu thu thp thm cc cn c nh gi Theo trnh t: (i) ti cp mc tiu, (ii) ti cp u ra, (iii) ti cp hot ng/ni dung, v (iv) ti cp mc ch. 4) nh gi s thc hin m bo mc tiu nh gi a ra cc nh gi trn cc tiu ch: - Hiu lc - Hiu qu
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Cng bng

nh gi chung

- Bn vng 5) Xc nh cc gi nh quan trng Cc gi nh quan trng l cc iu kin, nhn t bn ngoi, n khng c qun l hoc tin hnh bi nghin cu, nhng vic t c cc mc tiu li ph thuc vo n. Tuy nhin cng lu l khng a ra cc gi nh c tnh hin nhin, hoc ngc li l khng th xy ra; ng thi cng khng a ra gi nh chung chung hoc l vic m nghin cu phi lm, v d nh: tri s khng ma vo thi im , tip cn c cc hin trng thch hp, ..... Gi nh, tm li l nhn t bn ngoi, thc s quan trng, c kh nng xy ra v l iu kin cn t c mc tiu mt cp no .

Ti cp mc tiu, gi nh l iu kin quan trng c th t c mc ch tng th. Ti cp u ra, gi nh l iu kin cn thit t c mc tiu. Gi nh cp hot ng khng nn bao gm bt k cc iu kin ban u (kinh ph kp thi, ...), m chng c th c t ra thnh yu t yu cu ring bit Chu y nn lm theo th t nh sau: (i) ti mc mc tiu c th, (ii) ti mc kt qu, (iii) ti mc cc hot ng/ni dung, v (iv) ti mc mc ch tng th. Ch : Cc cu hi chnh phc v cho vic xy dng khung logic cc cp * Mc ch tng th - Vn chnh l g m nghin cu cn gii quyt? M t mc ch. - Nghin cu s ng gp mc no cho gii php ? Xc nh cc ch tiu. - Lm th no o lng mc ng gp ca nghin cu? Xc nh phng tin/phng php kim tra/thm nh. - iu kin g l cn thit t c mc ch v nguy c ca n l g? - Xc nh cc gi nh quan trng * Mc tiu - nh hng v tc ng trc tip v chnh ca nghin cu s l g? Xc nh cc mc tiu - Nhng iu ny s gip gii quyt vn mc no? - Xc nh cc ch tiu. - Cc nh hng v tc ng c o lng nh th no? Xc nh phng tin kim tra

- Cc iu kin cn thit khc l g nghin cu ng gp vo mc ch v cc nguy c ca n? Cc kt qu nghin cu c p dng trong thc tin nh th no? Xc nh cc gi nh * u ra - Nghin cu s to ra sn phm g? Xc nh cc u ra v m t cc ch tiu. - Cc kt qu c o lng nh th no? Xc nh cc phng tin kim tra. - Cc iu kin cn thit cc u ra gii quyt c mc tiu v nguy c ca n l g? Xc nh cc gi nh * Cc hot ng/ni dung nghin cu - Ci g ang c lm? - Cc g, lm nh th no, phng tin, thit b no cn c? - Nhu cu ti chnh? - Cc iu kin no l cn thit cc hat ng to ra c cc kt qu u ra v nguy c, ri ro ca n l g? C. a ra khung logic Trn c s khung logic nghin cu xc nh cc cu phn : Mc ch, mc tiu, kt qu, ni dung/hot ng nghin cu ; tip tc xc nh cc phng php nghin cu c th cho tng ni dung nghin cu ; v ng vi tng phng php nghin cu d ton cc ngun lc cn thit (7 loi ngun lc) ; cui cng l a im v thi gian tin hnh, tt c nh trnh by phn trn Khung logic v gii php - k hoch nghin cu cn m t cc hot ng ca d n nghin cu mt cch chi tit, ch ra lm th no mc tiu nghin cu s t c. Vic m t cn c th t v c mi quan h vi nhau ca cc hot ng/ni dung nghin cu Tt c c th hin trong m khung logic gii php k hoch nghin cu. Khung ny s c s dng tin hnh nghin cu trn trong thc t.

II/ ng dung k hoach i chi cho lp theo cach tip cn khung lgic 1. Quy trinh lp k hoach Bc 1: Phn tch mi trng Phn tch mi trng bn ngoi: ( S dng M hnh PEST + 1 ) Mi trng kinh t: -Tng trng kinh t: Nn kinh t cng tng trng, nhu cu v lao ng cng tng. Khi nhu cu v lao ng tng, tin lng tr cho ngi lao ng cng tng theo. Ngi lao ng cng c nhiu tin th h cng s chi tiu nhiu hn vo cc ca hng bn l, xe c v nh ca. Bn cnh , nn kinh t tng trng dn ti cht lng i sng ca ngi dn nng cao v ngy cng hon thin. Khi , cu v vt cht v tinh thn tng. -T l lm pht: lm pht l s tng ln theo thi gian ca mc gi chung trong nn kinh t. Khi lm pht tng s dn n gi c hng ha, dch v tng theo. Nh vy, i vi vic i chi ca lp s lm tng chi ph nh chi ph tu xe, chi ph n ung, chi ph dch v V d nh gi xng du tng s lm tng chi ph thu xe t - Ngoi cc nhn t trn cn c cc nhn t khc nh gi c ca tng khu du lch. iu ny ph thuc nhiu vo thi im v thi gian. Nu t chc i vo nhng ngy l, ngy hi nh tt dng lch 1/1, ngy 30/4-1/5, ngy ngh cui tun do nhu cu ca ngi dn lm lng khch tng t bin dn n gi c tng nh gi thu phng, gi dch v nh trng gi xe, chp nh, i xch l, c bit l dch v n ung tng gp i, gp ba ln so vi ngy thng. V d ti Hu, gi phng ti cc khch sn hng trung khong 1-1,2 triu ng mt ngy, trong khi bnh thng ch 200.000-400.000 ng mt phng. Ring cc nh ngh, gi phng tng t 120.000 ng ln 250.000 ng mt ngy. Cc dch v nh du

thuyn trn sng Hng cng tng t 5.000 ng ln 20.000-30.000 ng mi chuyn. i xch l do quanh thnh ph gi tng t 30.000 ln 60.000 ng Mi trng chnh tr - php lut Sinh vin l nhng cng dn c y t cch php nhn v chu trch nhim trc mi hnh ng ca mnh. Vic t chc i chi cho lp l mt vic khng tri vi php lut. V pha nh trng, hot ng ny c khuyn khch nhng mi thnh vin tham gia phi t chu trch nhim, trnh xy ra cc s c, bt trc nh tai nn, va chm Khi n khu vui chi, mi thnh vin phi c thc gi gn an ninh trt t ca a phng ni . Mi trng vn ha x hi - Phong tc tp qun tng a phng: Vit Nam c 54 dn tc cng chung sng vi nhau. Mi dn tc c mt phong tc, lut l ring mang bn sc ca dn tc . Qua chuyn i chi, mi thnh vin c th hiu bit thm c nhng iu th v, mi m trong li sng, n , lm vic ca cc dn tc cc vng min khc nhau, t lm rng thm kin thc ca mnh, lm tng gi tr ca chuyn i chi. - T nn x hi: Mc d thi gian i chi khng nhiu nhng cng khng th xem thng nhn t ny. Mi thnh vin u phi c bn lnh vt qua, khng b dn dt vo cc t nn nh c bc, ru ch mi a phng u c nhng mt phi v mt tri ring nn i hi mi thnh vin phi nhn thc c ci no tt, ci no xu mang li li ch cho mnh. Mi trng cng ngh

- Phng tin i n cc khu du lch: Cng ngh khng ngng pht trin lm thay i mt b phn ln phng tin i li. V d nh xe t hin nay c trang b nhng thit b hin i nh my iu ha, tivi, loa phc v hnh khch, lm tng tnh tin nghi hn, t lm tng s thoi mi cho mi thnh vin, tinh thn ca mi thnh vin s tt hn, lm tng hiu qu ca chuyn i. - C s vt cht ca khu du lch: Cng ngh gp phn lm thay i b mt cng nh em li s tin nghi cho du khch ti tham quan du lch. Qua lm tng s thch th ca mi thnh vin, lm cho chuyn i chi thm th v hn. Mi trng t nhin - Kh hu: Tc ng trc tip n sc khe ca mi thnh vin tham gia. S thay i kh hu t ngt c th gy mt mi, au u nh hng n tinh thn ca mi thnh vin, lm cho chuyn i chi cng b nh hng. Ngc lai, nu kh hu mt m, thun li s mang ti s thoi mi, sng khoi, thch th ca mi thnh vin, t cng lm gia tng gi tr ca chuyn i chi. Bn cnh , thi tit cn nh hng n a im tham quan mun n v chi ph cho chuyn i. Nu i bin vo ma ng th chi ph n , khch sn s r hn i vo ma h. - Khong cch:

L c s chn phng tin i li. Nu chn a im i chi xa th c th s chn tu ha, my bay hay thu t. Nu gn th c th i xe my, xe bus, thu t - C s h tng: y cng l mt nhn t nh hng n chuyn i chi. V d nh cht lng ng x, cc tn hiu giao thng phc v qu trnh i li c tt th cng phn no lm tng tnh an ton cho chuyn i chi. Nu c s h tng cn thiu thn, cha c hon thin th c th mang li s c nh tc ng, tai nn Phn tch mi trng bn trong: Phn tch mi trng bn trong da vo cc chc nng hot ng ca t chc (lp QLKT 50B) Phn tch chc nng c cu t chc: C cu lp: 1 lp trng: Thnh; 1 lp ph: Tng 1 b th: Mai; 2 ph b th: Chi v Diu 1 th qu: Phan Thanh Nhn Phn tch chc nng ngun nhn lc: Tp th lp QLKT 50B gm 54 thnh vin nhit tnh vi cc hot ng ca lp, ca on. Lp trng l ngi ph trch v tnh hnh chung ca lp v mng hc tp ca lp. B th l ngi ph trch v hot ng on ca lp. Lp ph l ngi ph trch v i sng cng nh cc hot ng ngoi gi ca lp, l ngi c ting ni trong lp.

Th qu chu trch nhim v cc khon thu chi, tnh hnh ti chnh qu lp. V th nn ban t chc l cc cn b lp, cn b on. Tp th lp s chia thnh cc nhm, ph trch tng cng vic c th. Trong , lp ph l trng ban t chc; lp trng, b th v th qu l nhng ngi gip cng nh chu trch nhim cc nhm. Phn tch chc nng Marketing:

Cn b lp, cn b on l nhng thnh vin c ting ni, c uy tn trong lp, l nhng c nhn c kh nng thuyt phc, kh nng t chc. K hoch c a ra cng khai, ly kin biu quyt ca a s, k hoch c th c thng bo bng vn bn n tng c nhn, ti chnh cng khai, c ha n, bn k khai chi tit. Phn tch chc nng ti chnh:

Ngun ti chnh ch yu do cc thnh vin tham gia chuyn i ng gp. V l chuyn i mang tnh cht tp th (c t chc do kin ca tt c cc thnh vin trong lp) nn chi ph pht sinh (di 20k/ngi) s do qu lp chi tr. Khng nh k hoch bc cao hn: K hoch hot ng nm hc 2010

2011 ca lp QLKT 50B Trong k hoch hot ng nm hc 2010 2011 ca lp QLKT 50B nu r: Nhm tng tnh on kt, gn b gia cc thnh vin trong lp, trong nm hc 2010 2011 lp t chc t nht 1 chuyn i chi xa (2 3 ngy) cho tt c cc thnh vin tron lp. Bc 2: Xc nh mc tiu: cy mc tiu

(Bng cy mc tiu bn di)

Tp th lp xut sc Nng cao tinh thn on kt gn b gia cc thnh vin trong lp

T chc y v u n sinh nht thng

T chc thnh cng hot ng ngoi kha (i chi xa)

t thnh tch tt trong hot ng on

Nhn c s hng ng ca mi thnh vin trong lp

An ton

Phng tin i li m bo, uy tn

n ung hp v sinh Chi ph hp l a im hp l

Mc gi tu xe thp nht c th

Chi ph n ung, nh ngh phi chng

La chn theo kin ca a s

Ph hp vi ngun ti chnh c th c

Kho st gi v tu, gi thu xe t

Kho st gi nh ngh, v vo ca khu i chi, gi n ung

Hoi ngi i trc

Tim kim trn mang

Tim qua thoai

Ngun nhn lc

Tai chinh

Cac thanh vin trong lp tham gia

-ong gop cua ngi i -Quy lp

Bc 3: Xc nh cc la chn ca k hoch Phng n 1: Sa Pa Phng n 2: Ha Bnh Phng n 3: Tam o Bc 4: nh gi v la chn k hoch ti u


( S dng phng php nh gi a tiu ch)

Yu t nh gi

Tiu ch

Trng s

PA1: Sapa im tuyt i im tng i 2.1 2.1 2.4

PA2: Ha Bnh im tuyt i 6 7 7 im tng i 1.8 2.1 2.1

PA3: Tam o im tuyt i 6 6 6 im tng i 1.8 1.8 1.8

1. a im

Chi ph Thun tin S ng tnh ca TV An ninh trt t ca KV

0.3 0.3 0.3

7 7 8

0.1

0.8

0.8

0.8

Tng

7.4

6.8

6.2

Yu t nh gi

Tiu ch

Trng s

PA1: Tu ha v t im tuyt i im tng i 2.4 2.4 1.4 1.4 7.6

PA2: t im tuyt i 7 7 7 7 im tng i 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.4 7.0

PA3: xe may im tuyt i 5 9 9 7 im tng i 1.5 2.7 1.8 1.4 7.4

2. Phng tin

Chi ph Thi gian Thun tin Khong cch

0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

8 8 7 7

Tng

Yu t nh gi

Tiu ch

Trng s

PA1: 2 ngy 3 m im tuyt i im tng i 2.4 3.2

PA2: 3 ngy 4 m im tuyt i 7 7 im tng i 2.1 2.8

PA3: 4 ngy 5 m im tuyt i 6 6 im tng i 2.4 2.4

3. Thi gian

Chi ph c hi S ng h ca thnh vin Thun tin

0.3 0.4

8 8

0.3

2.4 8.0

1.8 6.7

1.8 6.6

Tng

=> K hoch ti u l: i Sa Pa bng tu ha v t, thi gian : 3 m, 2 ngy.

Bc 5: Qu trnh quyt nh v th ch ha Quyt nh: i Sa Pa bng tu ha v t, thi gian : 3 m, 2 ngy. Th ch ha quyt nh: (bn k hoch)

K HOCH D KIN I CHI SAU TT


Thi gian d kin: Ti 18/2 ( ti th 6, sau tt 2 tun ). a im : Sapa Lo Cai. Khong cch: 376km. Phng tin : Tu ha, ot, i b. Khong thi gian : 2 ngy 3 m , t 22h ti th 6 n 6h sng th 2. Trng on: Trnh Huy Thnh ST: 016899851052 Lp: Qun l kinh t 50B

A. Di chuyn
Th 6 ngy 18/2/2011 (tc ngy 16 m lch) - 21h: Tp trung ti ga H Ni im danh, ngh ko cao su trnh nh tu. - 22h: xut pht t HN ln Lo Cai bng tu m (d kin l tu SP), n chi nhy ma, da l t l trn tu, c bit c mn cho m ngon thm t . Th 7 ngy 19/2/2011 - 6h sng tu n ga Lo Cai. Ot s n ti ga v a v Sapa cch hn 30km. - 7h30 c mt ti Sapa, nhn phng ( lin h trc) ct c ri i n sng. - 8h30 sau khi np y nng lng s i b tham quan th Trn Sapa xinh p, nh th v bit th c c xy dng t thi Php - 11h30 n tra v v ngh ngi - 14h i b tham quan ni Hm Rng(cc p), cnh nh trong my phim tin Trung Quc (v d nh Ty Du K ),vn lan,vn hng,cng tri, thp truyn hnh v cng gn thi, va i va tn pht, ngm cnh .

- 17h i chi ch ngi dn tc ngay trung tm. Chng ta t do mua sm, ci ny l t tc nh. - 19h30 thng thc c sn SP ti cc lu trc nh th SaPa. Sau cc bn n c th i ngm ch tnh Sapa trung tm lun nn ko phi quc b na. chc chc s rt thu ht c cc ch em lp ta bi s c nhiu boy ngi Hmng ra thi khn ;)) trong khi cc anh em c th tip tc b tr ra ph nng gn nh th ( ci ny t tc nh v theo nh kinh nghim ca nhng ng i th rt r nh ) thng thc ci hng th thm ngon, ngy ngy, bo bo ca mn ln cp nch, g, chim nng, thng c, bnh dy,u ph nng, trng nng - Lu bn no ko thch ra ch tnh hay my qun nng th c th ra ngha a xem om m;)) Ch nht ngy 20/2/2011 - 7h dy tp th dc v cng ngm bnh minh trong sng m :D - 7h30 n sng - 8h tip tc i thm quan cc a im bn Ct Ct ca ngi Mng, bi C, bn Cu my (ni chung c rt nhiu a im p nhng cn ty thuc vo tnh trng sc khe v tnh hnh ti chnh :D) - 11h30 n tra ti hng or n ti bn lun. - 12h ngh ngi v chun b i chi tip - 17h n ti sm - 18h i xe v Lo Cai ra ga chun b v HN - 6h sng hm sau tu v n HN kt thc chuyn i

B. Chi ph d kin ( tnh trn u ngi)


- Tin tu 1 ngi 95k/1 chiu => 2 chiu = 190k/1ng - Tin xe t LC <> SP 25k/lt => 2 lt = 50k/1ng - Ngy n 3 ba x Bq 1 ba 30k x 2 ngy =180k/ 1ng - Tin ng 1 m: 150k/phng/6ng => 25k/1ng

- Tin mua n ung vt mang theo: 15k/1ng - V thm quan : 30k/1ng - Tng cng = 190 + 50 + 180 + 25 +15 + 30 = 490k/1ng - Ngoi ra chng ta c th ct gim c chi ph trn bng cch i xe bus t LC ln SP v ngc li vi gi v 10k => tit kim c 30k/1ng. - D tr kinh ph pht sinh l 1.5 tr ng ly t qu tin tt ca lp.

C. Chun b
- Hon thnh ng tin trc ngy 12/2/2011 ( th 7, 1 tun sau tt ) cn t v tu v lin h thu phng. - D kin mi phng 6 ng v s phn phng sau khi c danh sch c th. - T chun b cc t trang cc nhn nh qun o, khn mt, bn chi, giy vi, thuc say, thuc d dy, kem chng mui v cn trng, my nh. - Cc bn mang theo CMT v th SV v c th c gim gi v. - Cn b lp xin ngh hc bui ngy th 7. Sng th 2, 6h v n HN, 3 tit cui hc tm l qun l bnh thng. - Chun b 1 t tin l i ch v mua qu lu nim. - Phn cng 1 s bn n trong lp chun b nhng lt vt nh bnh ko, nc ung, hoa qu

D. Lu
- Cc bn ko nn tch on i chi ring l. - V trn y l k hoch d kin nn mi thay i trong k hoch s c thng bo qua in thoi v trn gmail ca lp. - Vi hm trc khi i cc bn nh gi gn sc khe. - S ko hon li tin cho nhng bn nh tu hm i do n mun. - Khi i b cc bn nn i dp sandal or giy vi, trnh mc qun b v giy cao gt. - Cn nhiu lu v chun b khc hin h cha tng hp ht c nn mnh s thng bo trn lp sau.

- Nh ni th y c th l chuyn i chi xa cui cng ca lp ta nn rt mong nhn c s ng h ca mi ngi.

1.

Qua trinh gim st, nh gi s thc hin

Bc 1: Xc nh mc ch, mc tiu ca qu trnh gim st, nh gi s thc hin - Mc ch ca qu trnh gim st nh gi s thc hin Nhm pht hin cc sai st, vng mc t kp thi iu chnh s thc hin sao cho ph hp vi cc k hoch, quyt nh ng thi vic gim st, nh gi ny cng gp phn hon thin cc k hoch, quyt nh cho tp th lp theo hng khng ngng tin b, i mi tr thnh mt tp th lp xut sc. Ngun nguyn liu thng tin tch ly c t qu trnh gim st, nh gi s to c s cho tp th lp xy dng nhng k hoch, quyt nh mi. Xc nh nh hng ca k hoch, quyt nh ln cc i tng trong tp th lp. Bao gm c thnh vin tham gia hot ng cng nh khng tham gia hot ng. a ra nhng li khuyn cho cc i tng nhm thc hin k hoch hay quyt nh tt nht v c li cho mnh nht. - Mc tiu ca qu trnh gim st, nh gi s thc hin : nh gi tnh hiu lc ca s thc hin: Kt qu thu c t s thc hin c p ng c mc tiu ra hay khng.

nh gi tnh hiu qu ca s thc hin: So snh kt qu v chi ph m chng ta phi b ra t c kt qu . nh gi tnh bn vng ca s thc hin: Nhng nh hng tch cc t s thc hin c di lu theo thi gian hay khng. nh gi tnh cng bng ca s thc hin: Trong qu trnh thc hin, cc i tng trong iu kin nh nhau c c i x cng bng hay khng.

nh gi tnh ph hp ca s thc hin: Kt qu t c c p ng c mc ch chung bo trm ln tt c hot ng ca t chc hay khng. Bc 2: Xc nh cc ch s gim st, o lng
(Sn phm ca bc ny l: Bng o lng s thc hin)
Cc yu t cn xc nh o lng, nh gi s thc 1. Mc ch

Pht biu v cc yu t

Ch s phn nh o lng cc yu t trn

S thc hin

Bo co Bo co biu quyt tham gia hot ng ngoi kha mi ca cc thnh vin

S thc hin 40/55*100%=73%

2. Mc tiu

Nng T l tham cao tinh gia ca thn cc thnh on kt vin trong gn b lp nu t gia cc chc mt thnh hot ng vin ngoi c T chc Nhn kha thnh s hng cng ng ca hot mi thnh ng vin ngoi kha An ton

T l hi lng ca cc thnh vin tham gia sau chuyn i

Bn kho st mc hi lng ca cc thnh vin tham gia sau chuyn i

25/32*100=78%

3. u ra

Mc gi tu xe thp nht c th Chi ph n ung phi chng Chi ph nh ngh phi chng

Chi ph hp l

Chi ph v tu kh hi v xe o t phc v cho Chi ph n ung cho chuyn i

Bo co thu chi ca th qu

(21*103.000+11* 114.00) *2+1.000.000=7. 834.000 6.998.000

4. Hnh ng

Chi ph tham quan cc im du lch a im T l tham hp l gia chuyn i SaPa Gi v tu kh hi H Ni Lo Cai Gi nh ngh ti SaPa Kho st Gi n ung Gi v tham quan cc im du lch Khon ng gp t cc thnh vin tham gia Qu lp

5. u vo

Ngun vn

Bo co thu chi ca th qu Chi ph Bo co nh ngh thu chi cho ca th chuyn i qu Chi ph Bo co tham quan thu chi cc im ca th du lch qu Bn k khai danh sch nhng bn tham gia chuyn i Gi v tu Bn kho kh hi st chi kho st ph chuyn i Gi nh Bn kho ngh trung st chi bnh kho ph st trn chuyn i SaPa Gi n Bn kho ung st chi trung bnh ph mt ngy chuyn i Gi v Bn kho tham quan st chi t/b cc ph im du chuyn i lchs Tng Bo co tin cc thu chi thnh vin ca th tham gia qu ng gp Tng s Bo co tin qu thu chi lp h tr ca th cho qu

1.500.000

50.000*32=1.600. 000 32/55*100%=58%

32*103.000*2=75 92 1.500.000

80.000*2*32=5.1 20.000 50.000*32=1.600. 000

500.000 * 32 =16.000.000

1.000.000 ng

Ngun nhn lc

Nhng ngi tham gia chuyn i

S ngi tham gia chuyn i

Bn k khai danh sch nhng bn tham gia

32 ngi

Bc 3: nh gi s thc hin m bo cc mc tiu ra - nh gi tnh hiu lc: T l cc thnh vin tham gia hi lng v chuyn i Mc tiu 50 % Kt qu 78 % An ton: Kt thc chuyn i cc thnh vin tham gia u tr v nh mt cch an ton. Chuyn i t c mc tiu ra S thc hin c hiu lc cao. - nh gi tnh hiu qu Tng thu 17.000.0 thc t 00 Tng chi thc 17.932.0 t 00 C th thy tng chi thc t vt qu tng thu thc t mt lng: 932.000. b p khon thiu ht ny, qu lp phi b ra 932.000, trong khng bao gm khon h tr ban u: 1.000.000. S thc hin t hiu qu khng cao. - nh gi tnh bn vng Nu lp d kin t chc mt hot ng ngoi kha khc, theo Bo co biu quyt tham gia hot ng ngoi kha mi ca cc

thnh vin, th c ti 73 % cc thnh vin trong lp hng ng, thay v con s 58,2 % cc thnh vin trong lp tham gia chuyn i ny. Chuyn i c nh hng tch cc, lu di ti thi , tnh cm ca cc thnh vin trong vic tham gia nhng hot ng mang tnh tp th ca lp. S thc hin c tnh bn vng cao. - nh gi tnh cng bng Mi thnh vin vin trong lp u ng tin nh nhau v c hng nhng li ch nh nhau trong sut chuyn i. S thc hin c tnh cng bng cao. - nh gi tnh ph hp Chuyn i nhn c s hi lng ca phn ln cc thnh vin tham gia ng thi mi thnh vin u tr v an ton. Vy mc tiu ln ca s thc hin l mt chuyn i thnh cng t c. V iu ny gp phn nng cao tinh thn on kt, gn b gia cc thnh vin trong lp. S thc hin mc tiu p ng c mc ch bao trm cho cc hot ng ca tp th. S thc hin c tnh ph hp cao. C. a ra khung logic (bng khung logic)

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