Cây thuốc

ALLIUM FISTULOSUM L.
ALLIACEAE
HNH, hnh hoa, i thng, thng bch, homba (Thi), sng (Dao).
H n h
M T: Cy c, cao 20-40cm. Thn hnh vy, mu
trng. L gm 4-6 ci, hnh tr rng, thun, u nhn. Hoa nh, mu trng, t tp thnh tn gi trn mt cung chung di. Qu nang. Ht nh, hnh 3 cnh, mu en. Ton cy c mi thm hng, cay.
MA HOA QU: Thng 8-10. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni, lm gia v. B PHN DNG: Ton cy, ch yu thn hnh. Thu hi vo
ma ng xun. Dng ti hoc phi kh.

THNH PHN HA Thn hnh cha tinh du. Trong tinh du c HC: allyl propyl disulfit, diallyl disulfit v hp cht
cha sulfur.
CNG DNG: Cha cm cm, nhc u, s mi, tiu ha
km, nhim trng ng rut, thp khp, au rng, mn nht, b tiu tin. Ngy 3060g cy ti dng sc, nc p hoc n vi cho nng. Thn hnh gi p cha mn nht hoc thm nc si vo xng gii cm.
ALLIUM ODORUM L.
ALLIACEAE
H, ph t, cu thi, d cu, phiec
H
M T:
Cy c, cao 15-35cm. Thn hnh vy nh. L nhiu, hnh di hp, dy, u nhn. Hoa nh, mu trng, t tp thnh tn gi trn mt cung chung mc t gc, hnh gn 3 cnh, rng. Qu nang, ht nh, mu en. Ton cy c mi thm hng c bit. Thng 7-10. Cy trng nhiu ni lm gia v v lm thuc. Thn hnh v l. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti. Ht ly lc qu gi, c mu en, phi hoc sy kh. L v thn hnh cha cc hp cht c sulfur, saponin, cht ng. Ht c alcaloid v saponin. L v thn hnh cha th huyt, chy mu cam, ho, hen, vim hng, b kinh, tiu ha km, l, giun kim: Ngy 20-30g sc. Dng ngoi, gi p tiu vim. Ht cha di tinh, i ra mu, i dm, au lng, au khp, kh h: Ngy 6-12g dng sc.
MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG:
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
ALLIUM SATIVUM L.
ALLIACEAE
TI TA, i ton, hom ka (Thi),
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm. Thn hnh gm nhiu hnh con gi l nhnh ti mc p st vo nhau. L hnh di, mng, b to, gn song song, u nhn hot. Hoa mu trng hay hng mc t tp thnh khi hnh cu bao bc bi mt l bc to. Thng 8-11. Cy c trng ph bin khp ni. Thn hnh. Thu hoch vo cui ng, u xun. Dng ti hay phi kh. Thn hnh cha tinh du. Trong tinh du c allicin, hp cht diallyl disulfit, allyl propyl disulfit v mt s hp cht cha sulfur khc. Cha l amip, l trc khun: Ngy 4-6g. Tht 100ml dung dch 5-10% ty giun kim, cha vim i trng. Cn ti cha ho, ho g, vim ph qun. Nc ti nh mi, cho ti n tr cm cm. Cn cha chng tng cholesterol mu. p ngoi cha ung nht, rt cn.
MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
ALOCASIA MACRORRHIZA (L.) Schott

ARACEAE
RY, ry di, d vu, khoai sp, vt
M T:
Cy c cao 0,5 - 1m, sng nhiu nm. Thn r di hnh tr, mp c nhiu t. L to, hnh tim, c cung di v c b. Cm hoa bng mo mang hoa c trn, hoa ci di. Qu mng hnh trng, khi chn mu . Loi ry l qun dng tt hn. Thng 1 - 5. Cy mc hoang rng ni, ch m mt. L, thn r. Thu hi quanh nm. L dng ti. Thn r luc k cho bt nga. Phi
hoc sy kh.
THNH PHN HA HC: CNG DNG:
Thn r cha phytosterol, alcaloid, glucose, fructosa. Cha l nga, mn nht, sng ty, rn cn: Thn r, l ti gi nt, thm nc ung, b p. Cn cha au bng, nn ma, vim phi, st rt: Ngy 10 - 20g thn r kh sc ung. Dng cao dn tr mn nht. Cy c v nga c, dng thn trng.
ALPINIA GALANGA Willd. ZINGIBERACEAE
RING, ring m, hu kh (Thi),
M T: Cy c, sng lu nm, cao 1 - 2m. Thn r
mp, mc b ngang, hnh tr, c ph nhiu vy. L mc so le, hnh ngn do, phin cng v bng, c b. Cm hoa mc thnh chm di 20 - 30 cm ngn thn, gm nhiu hoa mu trng, cnh mi hp c vn hng. Qu hnh cu hay hnh trng. Loi Alpinia officinarum Hance cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5 - 9. PHN B: Cy mc hoang min ni v c trng
khp ni.
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi quanh nm nhng tt nht
vo ma thu ng. Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Thn r cha tinh du gm cineol, methyl HC: cinnamat; cc flavon: galangin, alpinin;
kaempferid 3 - dioxy 4 - methoxy flavon.

CNG DNG: Khng khun, kch thch tiu ha. Cha n
khng tiu, y hi, nn ma, au d dy, au bng, a chy, cm st, st rt: Ngy 3 6g dng thuc sc, bt hoc ru thuc. Cn cha au rng bng cch ngm thn
r, cn nh ch rng au.
ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS (L.) R.Br.

APOCYNACEAE
SA, ma cua, m cua, my mn (Ty), co tin pt (Thi). M T: Cy g to, cao ti hn 15m. V dy, c
nhiu vt nt n. L mc vng, 3 - 8 ci, thng tp trung u cnh. Phin l dy hnh thun di, u trn, nhiu gn ph song song. Cm hoa hnh xim tn, gm nhiu hoa nh mu trng lc, c mi thm hc. Qu nang gm 2 di hp v di. Ht mu nu, c mo lng 2 u. Ton cy c nha m.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 9 - 10; Qu: Thng 10 - 11. PHN B: Cy mc hoang min ni v c trng
nhiu ni ly bng mt.

B PHN DNG: V cy loi b lp bn. Thu hi vo ma
xun, h. Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Alcaloid: Ditain, echitenin, echitamin HC: (ditamin), echitamidin. Ngoi ra, cn c
triterpen: -amyrin v lupeol.

CNG DNG: Thuc b, st trng cha thiu mu, kinh
nguyt khng u, st rt, au bng, a chy, l, vim khp cp. Ngy 1 - 3g dng thuc sc, thuc bt, ru thuc, hoc cao. Dng ngoi, v cy sc ly nc c ra cha l nga, hoc ngm cha su rng.
AMOMUM AROMATICUM Roxb.

ZINGIBERACEAE
THO QU, ho, mc hu (Thi),
M T:
Cy c ln, sng nhiu nm, cao 2 - 3m. Thn r c nhiu t. L to, di, mc so le, c b m kn thn. Hoa to, mu vng c m nht, mc thnh bng gc. Qu hnh trng, mu sm, mc dy c. Ht nhiu, c cnh, c mi thm c bit. Hoa: Thng 5 - 7; Qu: Thng 8 - 11. Cy ch yu c trng vng ni cao lnh, di tn rng cy to, t m nhiu mn. Cc tnh Lo Cai, Lai Chu, H Giang. Ht ca qu. Qu thu hi vo ma ng. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng, p b v ngoi, ly ht. Tinh du vi t l 1 - 1,5%. Khng khun, kch thch tiu ha. Cha n khng tiu, bng trng au, nn ma, a chy, ho, st rt, lch to. Ngy 3 - 6g dng thuc bt, thuc sc hoc thuc vin. Cn dng ngm cha au rng, vim li; lm gia v.
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG:
AMOMUM VILLOSUM Lour.

ZINGIBERACEAE
SA NHN, m tr b, dng xun sa, co nnh (Thi), la v (Ba Na), pa oc (Kdong), mc nng (Ty).
M T: Cy c, cao 0,5 - 1,5m. Thn r, mc b ngang. L nhn bng, c b, khng cung, mc so le, phin hnh di, u nhn di. Hoa trng, cnh mi vng m ta, mc thnh chm gc. Qu nang, 3 , c gai mm, khi chn mu nu. C nhiu loi khc mang tn sa nhn, cng c dng. MA HOA QU: Thng 5 - 6; Qu: Thng 7 - 8.
PHN B: Cy mc trn t m, ven rng, b sui. B PHN DNG: Qu v ht. Qu thu hi vo ma h- thu. Phi kh. THNH PHN HA Ht cha tinh du gm D-camphor, D-borneol, DHC: bornylacetat, D-limonen, -pinen, phellandren, paramethoxy ethyl cinnamat, nerolidol, linalol. CNG DNG: Khng khun, kch thch tiu ha. Cha n khng tiu, au bng, y trng, a chy, nn ma, ph: Ngy 2 - 6g dng bt, vin, thuc sc. Phi hp vi mt s cy thuc khc cha ng thai, au bng. Cha nhc rng: Sa nhn ngm, hoc tn bt chm vo rng au.Cn dng lm gia v.
ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (Burm.f.) Nees ACANTHACEAE
XUYN TM LIN, cy cng cng,
M T: Cy c, sng mt nm; cao 0,40 - 1m. Thn
c cnh, phn nhiu cnh. L mc i, c cung rt ngn. Hoa mu trng im nhng m hng tm, mc thnh chm tha k l v u cnh. Qu nang, thun hp, c lng rt nh. Ht mu nu, hnh cu, thun.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 9 - 10; Qu: Thng 10 - 11. PHN B: Cy c trng ri rc mt s a
phng.
B PHN DNG: C cy, ch yu l l, thu hi vo ma h.
Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA C cy cha glucosid ng: Andrographolid, HC: neoandrographolid, panaculosid, cc
paniculid A, B, C; cc flavonoid: Andrographin, panicalin, apigenin 7 - 4 dimethyl ether

CNG DNG: Cha l, a chy, vim rut, cm st, ho,
vim hng, vim amian, vim ph qun, au nhc xng khp, b kinh, huyt sau , lao phi v hch c, huyt p cao, rn cn: Ngy 10 - 20g cy dng sc, 2 - 4g l dng bt, vin. Gi p ngoi tr rn cn, sng ty.
ANGELICA DAHURICA (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f.
APIACEAE
M T: Cy c, cao 0,5 1m hoc hn, thn hnh tr,
rng, khng phn nhnh. L to, c cung, phn di pht trin thnh b m ly thn, phin l x 2 3 ln lng chim, mp kha rng, c lng gn l mt trn. Cm hoa tn kp, mc ngn; hoa nh mu trng. Qu b, dt. Ton cy c mi thm.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4 6. PHN B: Cy nhp ni, trng c min ni v ng
BCH CH.
bng.
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hoch vo ma thu, trnh lm
sy st v v gy r. Khng thu hoch cy ra hoa kt qu. Ra sch, ct b r con, xng dim sinh 24 gi, ri phi hay sy kh.
THNH PHN HA Tinh du, nha 1%, angelicotoxin 0,43%, byak HC: angelicin, acid angelic, phellandren, dn cht
furocoumarin.
CNG DNG: Cha cm st, nhc u, s mi, au rng,
phong thp, nhc xng, bch i. Thuc cm mu trong i tin ra mu, chy mu cam. Ngy 4 - 12g, dng thuc sc hoc thuc bt. Cn c dng lm gia v.
ANGELICA SINENSIS (Oliv.) Diels

APIACEAE
M T: Cy c, cao 40 - 60cm. Thn r pht trin.
L mc so le, cung l mu tm nht, c b. Phin l x 3 - 4 ln lng chim, mp kha rng. Hoa nh mu trng ng, mc t tp thnh tn kp ngn. Qu b, dt. Ton cy c mi thm c bit.
MA HOA QU: Thng 6 - 8. PHN B: Cy nhp trng nhiu ni. B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hoch vo ma thu, ng,
cy trng nm th 2 hoc 3. Ct b r con, phi trong bng rm hoc sy nh cho se, sau phi tip n kh.
THNH PHN HA R cha tinh du trong c ligustilid, nHC: butyliden phtalid, n-valerophenol, acid o-
carboxylic, n-butylphtalid, ber-gapten, safrol, p-cymen, sesquiterpen, dodecanol, tetradecanol v vitamin B12.
CNG DNG: Cha au u do thiu mu, gy yu, mt
mi, au lng, au ngc, au bng, to bn, t bi, l nga, mn nht, tn thng huyt, kinh nguyt khng u, b kinh, thng kinh. Ngy dng 10-20g, sc hoc ru thuc.
ARECA CATECHU L.
ARECACEAE
CAU, tn lang, binh lang, my lng
M T: Cy thn tr, cao ti hn 10m. Thn c nhiu
vng so. L tp trung ngn, cung pht trin thnh b to m ly thn; phin l x lng chim. Cm hoa bng mo, mo rng khi hoa n. Hoa nh, mu trng ng, thm, t tp thnh bng phn nhnh; hoa c trn, hoa ci di. Qu hch, hnh trng. Mt ht mu nu.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5 - 12. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni. B PHN DNG: V qu v ht. Hi qu gi, bc ly ring v v
ht, phi hay sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Ht cha tanin catechin, 70% trong ht non, HC: 15-20% trong ht gi; lipid 14% gm laurin,
olein, myristin; glucid 50-60%; mui v c 5%; alcaloid 0,5% arecolin, arecaidin, guvacin, guvacolin.
CNG DNG: Arecolin lm co ng t, gim nhn p trong
bnh tng nhn p. V qu cha bng y trng, ph , b tiu tin, m nghn nn ma: Ngy 6 - 12g dng sc. Ht cha l, a chy: Ngy 0,5 - 4g. Ht cn cha st rt, ty sn, dng ht cn thn trng v c c.
ABELMOSCHUS SAGITTIFOLIUS Kurz var.quinquelobus Gagnep. MALVACEAE QUINQUELOBUS Gagnep.
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SM B CHNH, th ho sm, nhn
M T: Cy c, cao ti 50cm. R mp thnh c. L
mc so le, c cung di, mp kha rng. L gc khng x, l gia thn v ngn x 5 thu su. Hoa to, mu mc ring l k l. Qu nang, hnh trng nhn, khi chn nt thnh 5 mnh. Ht nhiu , mu nu. Ton cy c lng. Cy b sm (Abelmoschus sagittifolius Kurz var. septentrionalis Gagnep.), hoa mu vng hay , cng c dng vi tn sm b chnh.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-9. PHN B: Vn l cy mc hoang, nay ch yu c
trng nhiu ni.

B PHN DNG: C. Thu hi hi vo ma thu, ng. Ra
sch, ngm nc go mt m, chn, phi kh.

THNH PHN HA C cha tinh bt, cht nhy. HC: CNG DNG: Cha c th suy nhc, t ng, lao phi,
km n, tr em cam mm, gy cm chm ln, st v ho dai dng, vim hng, vim ph qun, kinh nguyt khng u, au lng, au mnh, hoa mt, chng mt, kh h. Ngy 10-20g dng thuc sc, bt hoc ngm ru ung.
ABRUS PRECATORIUS L.
FABACEAE
CAM THO DY, cm tho , tng t ng, cm so (Ty) M T: Dy leo, sng nhiu nm; cnh non c lng nh.
L kp lng chim chn, mc so le. Hoa mu hng, mc thnh chm k l. Qu u, dt, c 3-7 ht hnh trng, mu c m en, rt c. Ton cy c v ngt.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 6-7; Qu: Thng 8-10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang vng rng ni, nhiu nht
11
vng ven bin. Cn c trng.

B PHN DNG: R, dy, l. Thu hi vo ma thu ng, tt nht
lc cy mi ra hoa. Dng ti hoc phi hoc sy kh. Ht c, dng ngoi.

THNH PHN HA Trong ht c protein c: L(+) abrin, glucosid HC: abralin, hemagglutinin lm vn mu, N-methyl
tryptophan, men ureasa. R v dy mang l cha glycyrrhizin.

CNG DNG: Cha ho, cm st, hong n do vim gan siu vi
trng, gii c, v ngt nn dng trong cc n thuc cho d ung. Ngy 8-16g r, dy, sc. Ht c, gi p ngoi, st khun, tiu vim, lm mn nht chng v, tr v sng au, tc tia sa.
ABUTILON INDICUM (L.) Sweet

MALVACEAE
CI XAY, ging xay, qunh ma, kim hoa tho, ma bn th
M T: Cy nh, sng dai, mc thnh bi, cao 1-1,5
m, c lng mm hnh sao. L mc so le, hnh tim, c cung di, mp kha rng. Hoa vng, mc ring l k l, cung gp khc. Qu c hnh ging ci ci xay, c lng. Ht hnh thn, nhn, mu en nht.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 2-3; Qu; Thng 4-6. PHN B: Cy mc hoang v c trng cc vn
thuc.
B PHN DNG: Cnh mang l. Thu hi vo ma h, thu.
Dng ti hoc phi kh.

THNH PHN HA Ton cy cha cht nhy, asparagin. HC: CNG DNG: Cha cm st, nhc u, tai, b tiu tin,
bch i: Ngy 4-8g r hoc l, sc. Cha mn nht, l, rn cn: L ti v ht (ngy 8-12g) gi, thm nc ung, b p. Cha vng da, hu sn: Phi hp ci xay vi cc dc liu khc.
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ACANTHOPANAX TRIFOLIATUS (L.) Merr.
ARALIACEAE M T: Cy bi, c gai. L kp chn vt, 3-5 l cht,
mc so le, mp l kha rng, i khi c gai gn gia. Hoa nh, mu trng lc, mc thnh tn phn nhnh u cnh. Qu hnh cu hi dt, khi chn mu en, gm 2 ht. Ton cy c mi thm c bit. Cc loi A. trifoliatus var.setosus Li v A. gracilistylus W.W. Smith cng c dng vi tn l ng gia b gai.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 9-11; Qu: Thng 12-1. PHN B: Cy mc ch yu vng rng ni vi,
cc tnh Ty Bc v ng Bc.
B PHN DNG: V r, v thn. Thu hi vo ma h, thu.
cho thm. Phi trong bng rm ch thong gi ti kh.

NG GIA B GAI, ng gia b hng, my tng nam, pp tn, pp dinh (Ty), co nam sl (Thi)
THNH PHN HA V r, v thn cha saponin triterpen, acid HC: oleanolic. CNG DNG: Cha phong thp, au lng nhc xng, lit
dng. Cn c tc dng kch thch, b dng, lm tng tr nh. Ngy 6-12g, dng thuc sc hoc ru thuc.
Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him; cn ch bo v Vit Nam v pht trin trng thm
ACHYRATHES ASPERA L.
AMARANTHACEAE
khoanh ng (Ty), co nh ln ngu
M T: Cy c, cao gn 1m, c lng mm. L mc
i, c cung ngn, mp un ln. Hoa nhiu, mc chc xung p st vo cnh thnh bng ngn di n 20-30cm. Qu mang l bc cn li, nhn thnh gai d mc vo qun o khi ng phi. Ht hnh trng
13
di.
MA HOA QU: Thng 7-12. PHN B: Cy mc hoang khp ni, bi c, ven
ng.
B PHN DNG: Ton cy, ch yu l r. Thu hi quanh nm,
ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA R cha saponin triterpen, thy phn cho HC: acid oleanolic, galactosa, rhamnosa,
glucosa. Qu c nhiu mui kali. Ht c du bo.

CNG DNG: Tc dng chng vim, chng tch huyt, gy
co bp t cung. Cha thp khp, ng sng au, au lng, nhc xng, i dt but, sau khi mu hi khng ra v kinh nguyt au. Ngy 8-16g, dng thuc sc, dng ring hoc phi hp vi dc liu khc
ACHYRANTHES BIDENTATA Blume AMARANTHACEAE M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 60-80cm. R
c hnh tr di. Thn c cnh, phnh ln nhng t. L mc i, hnh bu dc, c cung ngn, mp ln sng. Cm hoa hnh bng mc ngn thn hoc u cnh. Qu hnh bu dc, c 1 ht.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-7. PHN B: Cy nhp, trng c min ni xung n
ng bng.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi vo ma ng xun, phi ti
ri n khi nhn da (6-7 ngy). Xng dim sinh, sy kh. Dng sng hoc tm ru sao.
THNH PHN HA R c cha saponin triterpen, genin l acid HC: oleanolic, cc sterol ecdysteron, inokosteron.
NGU TT, hoi ngu tt.
CNG DNG: Chng vim, h cholesterol mu, h p, gy
co bp t cung. Cha thp khp, au lng, b kinh, kinh au, i but ra mu, kh hoc nhau thai khng ra, sau huyt, chn thng t mu, vim hng. Ngy 6-12g sc
ACONITUM FORTUNEI Hemsl.

RANUNCULACEAE
14
U, c gu tu, u tu, ph t, c y (Hmng), co tu (Thi),
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,6-1m. R c
hnh nn, c c ci, c con. Thn ng, hnh tr nhn. L ca cy con hnh tim trn, mp c rng ca to. L gi x 3- 5 thy khng u, mp kha rng nhn. Hoa to mu xanh lam, mc thnh chm ngn thn. Qu c 5 i mng. Ht c vy.
MA HOA QU: Thng 10-11. PHN B: Cy nhp trng vng ni cao. B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi vo ma thu trc khi cy ra
hoa. Phi kh.

THNH PHN HA R c cha alcaloid aconitin. HC: CNG DNG: Cha nhc mi chn tay, t bi, au khp,
sai khp, bong gn, ng gip. R c thi mng ngm ru, dng xoa bp. C c, khng c ung. Ph t ch c th dng trong, vi liu lng rt t.
ACORUS GRAMINEUS Soland.
ARACEAE M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn r phn
nhnh, mc b ngang gm nhiu t. L hnh di hp, c b, mc p vo nhau v xe sang hai bn ngn. Cm hoa hnh bng mo mc u mt cn dt, ph bi mt l bc to v di. Qu mng khi chn mu nht. Thn r v l c mi thm c bit. Cy thy xng b (Acorus calamus L.) v thch xng b l nh (A. gramineus Soland. var. pusillus Engl.) cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-6. PHN B: Cy mc bm trn sui, di tn rng
m.
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo ma thu, ng. Phi
hoc sy kh.
THCH XNG B, b b, b hong, khinh ch nm (Thi), ly nm (Ty), xnh pu ch (Dao).
THNH PHN HA Thn r cha tinh du c asaron, asaryl alHC: dehyd, glucosid ng acorin v tannin. CNG DNG: Tc dng long m, kch thch tiu ha,
cha a chy, au d dy, ho, hen ph qun, st, kinh git, thp khp, nhc xng, suy nhc thn kinh, lon nhp tim. Ngy 3-8g dng sc, bt, vin. Ung lin 1-2 thng. Dng ngoi cha bnh ngoi da, tr. Dit chy, rn.
ACRONYCHIA LAURIFOLIA Blume

RUTACEAE
15
BI BUNG, bi bi, ct st, b bi ci, mc thao sang (Ty), co dng
M T: Cy bi hoc g nh, phn cnh nhiu, cao
1-3m hoc hn. L mc i , c cung di, thun, mp nguyn, v nt c mi thm. Cm hoa hnh ng, mc k l hoc u cnh; hoa mu trng, c mi thm. Qu hch hnh cu, khi chn mu vng nht, n c. Trnh nhm vi cy cm ru (Glycosmis pentaphylla Correa), cng c ni gi l bi bung.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 7-9; Qu: Thng 10-11. PHN B: Mc hoang min ni v trung du. B PHN DNG: R v l, thu hi quanh nm. R o ln, b
r con, ra sch, cht thnh on ngn, phi kh. Ly l bnh t, khng su hay vng a, phi hay sy kh. V thn dng ngoi.
THNH PHN HA L c tinh du vi t l 1,25%; alcaloid HC: acronycin. CNG DNG: Cha phong thp, au lng, chn tay t mi,
huyt sau , mn nht, chc l, rn cn: Ngy 8-20g r sc, ngm ru. Ph n km n ngy dng 6-12g r, l sc. Dng ngoi cha chc l, mn nht: L gi p, hoc v thn nu nc ra.
ADENOSMA INDIANUM (Lour.) Merr. SCROPHULARIACEAE
B B, ch ng, ch ni, ch ct,
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 20-60cm; cnh c lng. L mc i, c cung ngn, hnh mc, mp kha rng, c lng. Hoa nh, mu tm mc t tp thnh hnh u ngn. Qu nang, nhiu ht nh. Ton cy c tinh du thm. Thng 4-7. Cy mc hoang vng i, b rung min ni. Ton cy, tr r. Thu hi vo ma h, khi
16
cy ang c hoa, ra sch, phi trong rm n kh.

THNH PHN HA HC:
Saponin triterpen, acid nhn thm, coumarin, flavonoid, tinh du 0,7-1%, mu vng nht gm L-fenchon 33,5%, L-limonen 22,6%, cineol 5,9%, fenchol, piperitenon oxyd v sesquiterpen oxyd. Tc dng khng khun, li mt, li tiu, kch thch tiu ha. Dng cha vim gan do virut, cc chng vng da, tiu tin t, vng c, st, nhc mt, chng mt, ph n km n sau khi . Ngy dng 10-20g, dng thuc sc, cao, sir, vin.
CNG DNG:
AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L.
ASTERACEAE
thng hng k, nh ht b (Kho).
M T: Cy c sng mt nm, cao 30-50cm. Thn
c lng mm, mu lc hoc tm . L mc i, mp kha rng trn, hai mt u c lng, 3 gn ta t gc l. Hoa tm hay trng, mc thnh ng u ngn. Qu b mu en, c 5 sng dc.
MA HOA QU: Gn nh quanh nm. PHN B: Cy mc hoang trn t m, khp ni. B PHN DNG: Ton cy, tr r. Thu hi quanh nm, tt
nht vo khi bt u c n. Dng ti hay phi kh. Thng dng ti.

THNH PHN HA Tinh du 0,7-2,0%, mu vng nht, gm HC: ageratochromen, demethoxy
ageratochromen, cadinen, caryophyllen. Ngoi ra cn c alcaloid, saponin.

CNG DNG: Tc dng chng vim, chng d ng. Cha
vim mi, vim xoang d ng: Nc p cy ti hay dch chit cy kh lm thuc nh mi. Cha rong huyt sau : Ngy 30-50g cy ti gi nt ly nc ung. Cy ti
17
nu nc gi u cho thm, sch gu, trn tc.
ALISMA PLANTAGO-AQUATICA L. M T:
ALISMATACEAE
Cy c, cao 40-50 cm, mc ao m v rung nc. Thn c hnh cu, mu trng. L c cung di, c b to mc p vo nhau thnh hnh hoa th. Phin l nguyn hnh tha ging l m , gn hnh cung. Hoa mu trng mc thnh xim tn gia cm l. Qu b. Thng 7-10. Vn l cy mc hoang nay c trng nhiu ni. Thn c. Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng tm ru hoc nc mui, sao vng. C cha tinh du c alisol A,B,C v epialisol A, nha, protid v tinh bt. Thuc li tiu, cha thy thng, vim thn, b tiu tin, i ra mu, i dt, i but, si thn, bng y trng, nn e, a chy. Ngy 8-16g dng thuc sc, hoc hon tn. C th dng lm thuc li sa cho ph n thiu sa v tr i ng.
THNH PHN HA HC:

TRCH T, m nc.
CNG DNG:
ARISTOLOCHIA ROXBURGHIANA Klotsch

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
M U LINH, dy kh rch, phi hng, cup ma (Hmng), thin
M T:
Dy leo, c rnh dc; thn gi mu xm, nt n; c r c mi thm c bit. L mc so le, c cung di, hnh tim thun, nhn u. Cm hoa mc k l, l bc
18
nh. Hoa hnh ng, mu nu ta, mc cong ln. Qu nang, hnh trng, khi chn t nt ra theo 6 ng u cung. Ht nhiu, hnh tam gic, mp c cnh.
MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG: CNG DNG:
Hoa: Thng 4 - 5; Qu: Thng 6 - 10. Cy mc hoang min ni. R c. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy kh. Tr gip tiu ha, cha au bng, vim d dy, vim rut, l, a chy, ng c thc n, vim hng, mn nht, thp khp, ph thng, kinh nguyt b tc. Ngy 6 - 12g dng thuc sc hoc thuc bt. Kt hp vi mt s cy thuc khc cha st rt cn.
ARMENIACA VULGARIS Lam. M T:
ROSACEAE
Cy g nh, cao 3 - 5m. L mc so le, hnh tim nhn u, mp c rng ca. Hoa mu trng, mc trc khi cy ra l. Qu hch, c lng mn, khi chn mu vng. Ht mu nu. Thng 1 - 2; Qu: Thng 3 - 5. Cy trng ly qu n v lm thuc. Qu. Thu hi vo u ma h. Dng ti hoc p mui, phi kh lm thnh mai. Qu cha cc acid hu c citric, tartric; carotenoid: lycopen, -caroten; cc flavonoid: quercetin, isoquercetin; cc vitamin A, B15. Nhn ht: du bo, enzym v amygdalin, emul-sin. Khng khun, nhun phi. M mui cha ho kh th, hen suyn, vim hng, khn ting, l, a chy ko di, giun a: Ngy 4 - 8g ngm hoc sc, vin. Nc ct ht m c, cha ho, kh th, au d dy: Ngy 1 - 4ml. Du ht m dng nhun trng dng nh tng.
M, mai, hnh, m pheng (Thi), mc mi (Ty).
CNG DNG:
ARTEMISIA VULGARIS L.
ASTERACEAE
19
NGI CU, thuc cu, ngi dip, nh ngi
M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,4 - 1m; cnh non c lng. L mc so le, phin l x lng chim, mt trn xanh sm, mt di mu trng xm, c lng. V nt c mi thm hc. Cm hoa hnh u nh, mu vng lc nht, mc tp trung thnh tng chm kp u cnh. Qu b nh, khng c tm lng. Thng 10 - 12. Cy c trng khp ni. Cnh mang l. Thu hi vo ma h, thu; khi hoa cha n. Dng ti hoc phi kh trong bng rm. C cy cha tinh du, thnh phn ch yu l cineol, -thuyon, dehydro matricaria este, tetradecatrilin, tricosanol, arachyl alcol, adenin, cholin. Cha kinh nguyt khng u, kh h, ng thai, bng huyt, th huyt, chy mu cam, l ra mu, nn ma, au bng, au dy thn kinh, thp khp gh l. Ngy 6 - 12g dng sc, cao. Ngi nhung dng lm mi cu. iu kinh, ung tun l trc khi c kinh.
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
ASARUM MAXIMUM Hemsl. M T:
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
Cy c, sng lu nm, cao 20 - 30cm. L c cung di, 1 - 2 ci mc t thn r. Phin l hnh tim di, u nhn, nhn. Hoa hnh ng, mu tm nu, c sc trng, mc ring l k l. Qu bao bc trong bao hoa tn ti, nhiu ht nh, mu nu en. Thng 4 - 8. Cy mc ni t m, b khe, sui vng ni cao. C cy. Thu hi quanh nm. Hoa thu hi vo u ma h. Phi hoc sy kh. Hoa cha anthocyanosid. Hoa v r dng bi b, tng cng th lc, ngy 6 - 12g dng thuc sc hoc ru thuc. L sc ung vi liu hng ngy 10 - 16g cha n ung khng tiu, au bng.
MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC: CNG DNG:
HOA TIN, u tin, tru tin, i hoa t tn.
Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him, cn ch bo v VN
ASPARAGUS COCHINCHINENSIS 20
(Lour.) Merr.
ASPARAGACEAE M T:
mn ng, co sin sng (Thi), sa s tng (Hmng), mn sm (Ty),
Cy nh, leo, sng nhiu nm. R c mp. Thn c gai cc mu. L do cnh nh bin i gi l dip chi, hnh li lim, mc so le hay mc vng, mt ct c 3 gc. Hoa nh mu trng, mc 1 - 3 ci k l. Qu mng hnh cu, mu lc nht sau chuyn ng vng ri mu trng. Ht mu en. Hoa: Thng 5 - 7; Qu: Thng 8 - 10. Cy mc t nhin vng ni vi v vng r bi, ven bin. c trng mt s ni lm thuc v lm cnh.. R c. Thu hi vo ma thu ng. Ngm nc hoc chn. Phi kh. Khi dng, b li, tm ru, sy kh. R c cha asparagin, cht nhy, tinh bt v ng. Thuc b, long m, li tiu. Cha ho lu ngy, ho ra mu, kh c, st, b tiu tin, i tin to bn. Cn cha suy nhc thn kinh. Ngy 8 - 16g dng thuc sc, cao, ru thuc hoc dng Sir. Thng phi hp vi ng sm, thc a lm thuc b.
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG:
ATRACTYLODES MACROCEPHALA Koidz. M T: MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG:
ASTERACEAE
Thng 8 - 10. Cy nhp ni, trng c c min ni v ng bng. R c. Thu hoch vo thng 11, khi l gc kh vng, ra sch, ct b r con, phi hay sy kh. Thn r cha tinh du 1,5%, atractylol, atractylon, glucosid, inulin, vitamin A v mui kali atractylat. Cha vim lot d dy, suy gim chc phn gan, n chm tiu, nn ma, a chy phn sng, vim rut mn tnh, m nghn, c thai au bng, st ra m hi. Cng dng li tiu, cha ho, tr i tho ng. Ngy 6 - 12g dng thuc sc, bt hoc cao.
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
BCH TRUT.
BAECKEA FRUTESCENS L.
21
MYRTACEAE M T: Cy mc thnh bi thp, cao khong 1m,
CHI XU, chi trn, thanh hao.
phn cnh nhiu. L nh, mc i, d rng, ch c mt gn gia. Hoa nh mu trng, mc ring l k l. Qu nang nh. Ht c cnh. Ton cy c mi thm v v nng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4 - 6. PHN B: Cy mc hoang i trc nht l vng
ven bin.
B PHN DNG: Cnh mang l. Thu hi vo thng 7 - 10, khi
cy ang c hoa, phi hoc sy kh. C th ct ly tinh du.

THNH PHN HA Ton cy cha tinh du vi t l 0,76% gm HC: cineol, pinen, linalol, limonen... CNG DNG: Cha cm cm, nhc u, au bng, vng
da, si: Cy kh t xng khi hoc nu nc xng. Cha chy mu cam, l nga, km tiu, a ra mu, kinh nguyt khng u: Ngy 8 - 16g sc. Dng ngoi st trng, cha mn nht, l nga. Cha t thp: Ru chi dng xoa bp.
BELAMCANDA CHINENSIS (L.) DC.
IRIDACEAE M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,5 - 1m. Thn
r mc b, phn nhnh nhiu. L hnh di, c b mc p vo thn v xe ra, phng. Gn l song song mc st nhau. Hoa mu vng cam im nhng m ta. Qu hnh trng, c cnh; nhiu ht mu en bng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 7 - 10. PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni, lm thuc v
lm cnh.
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi v ma thu. Dng ti hay
phi, sy kh.
THNH PHN HA Thn r cha belamcandin, tectoridin, iridin, HC: shekanin. Belamcandin thy phn cho
glucosa v belamcangenin. Thy phn tectoridin cho tectorigenin.

R QUT, x can, li dng, co quat phi (Thi).
CNG DNG: Khng khun, tiu vim, tiu m. Cha ho,
ho g, vim hng, khn ting, vim amian. Cn cha st, thng kinh, b i tiu tin, sng v tc tia sa, au nhc tai, rn cn: Ngy 3 - 6g sc ung. Hoc gi nh 10 - 20g thn r ti vi mui ngm, b p.
BERBERIS WALLICHIANA DC.
22
BERBERIDACEAE M T: Cy bi cao 2 - 3m. G thn v r mu
hong mc, tiu la tn, tiu nghi
vng. Cnh c gai ch ba mc di cc cm l. L thun nhn, cng, mt trn bng mc t tp 3 - 5 ci, mp kha rng nhn sc. Hoa nh mu vng mc gia cc cm l. Qu mng, mu sau en. Ht nh. Vit Nam cn c loi Berberis julianae Schneid. cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3-4; Qu: Thng 5-12. PHN B: Cy mc vng ni cao lnh. B PHN DNG: R. Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy
kh.
THNH PHN HA R cha alcaloid: Berberin, oxyacanthin, HC: umbellantin. CNG DNG: Cha a chy, kit l, au mt, n ung km
tiu. Ngy 4 - 6g dng thuc sc hoc thuc vin, bt. R ngm ru ngm cha au rng, ung cha nhc u, hoa mt, chng mt. Cn l nguyn liu chit sut berberin.
Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him, cn ch bo Vit
Nam.
BIOTA ORIENTALIS (L.) Endl.
CUPRESSACEAE M T: Cy nh, phn nhnh nhiu. Cc nhnh xp
theo nhng mt phng thng ng. L dt, hnh vy, mc i. Hoa c u cnh, hoa ci hnh nn, trn gc cnh nh. Qu hnh trng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3 - 9. PHN B: Cy c trng lm cnh nhiu ni. B PHN DNG: L v nhn ht. L thu hi quanh nm. Qu
hi vo ma thu, b v, ly nhn ht phi kh. Khi dng nguyn nhn hoc p b du.
THNH PHN HA L v qu cha tinh du. Trong tinh du c lHC: borneol, bornyl acctat, -thuyon, camphor,
TRC B, trc bch dip, b t, co tng pc (Thi).
sesquiterpen alcol. L cn cha rhodoxanthin, amentoflavon, quercetin, myricetin caroten, xanthophyl v acid ascorbic. Ht cha saponosid.
CNG DNG: Tc dng cm mu. L cha th huyt, a ra
mu, i ra mu, ho ra mu, bng huyt, rong kinh, chy mu cam, st, ho: Ngy 812g dng thuc sc, cao lng. Nhn ht cha km ng, hi hp, nhiu m hi, to bn: Ngy 4 - 12g dng bt vin
BISCHOFIA TRIFOLIATA (Roxb.) 23
Hook.f.
EUPHORBIACEAE M T:
NHI, qu cm ngui, my phat (Ty), xch mc, bch hp, trng
Cy g, cao 15 - 20m. L c cung di, mc so le, gm 3 l cht, mp c rng ca. Hoa n tnh khc gc, mu lc nht, mc thnh chm k l. Qu tht, hnh cu, mu nu. Hoa: Thng 3 - 5; Qu : Thng 6 - 8. Cy mc hoang rng ni v c trng ly bng mt. L v ngn non. Thu hi vo thng 4 - 5. Dng ti hoc phi, sy kh. L cha vitamin C v tanin. Cha kh h, vim nga m h do trng roi, mn nht, l lot: L v ngn non nu cao bi ngoi, hoc dng nc sc ngm. Cha a chy: Ngy 20-40g l kh sc ung. Cn dng cha rng li sng au, au hng.
BLUMEA BALSAMIFERA (L.) DC.

ASTERACEAE
M T:
Cy nh, cao 1 - 2m, thn c rnh dc, phn cnh ngn. L mc so le, gc l thng c tai do phin l x qu su, mp kha rng. Hoa hnh u, mu vng, t tp thnh ng u cnh. Qu b, c lng. Ton cy c lng mm v tinh du thm. Thng 3 - 8. Cy mc hoang khp ni, nhiu nht trung du v min ni. L. Thu hi vo ma h. Phi trong
24
bng rm n kh, c khi dng ti. Ct l ly mai hoa bng phin v camphor.
L cha tinh du trong c L-borneol, Dcamphor, cineol. L cha cm st, cm, ho, y bng: Ngy 6 - 12g, sc. L cn dng xng gii cm; gi p cha tr, hoc ngm ru xoa bp cha chn thng. Bng phin i bi cha au bng, au ngc, au hng, ho, au rng: Ngy ung 0,10 - 0,20g, dng bt. Dng ngoi cha chc l.
BOEHMERIA NIVEA (L.) Gaud. URTICACEAE
GAI, cy l gai, tr ma, gai tuyt, chiu (Dao), b pn (Ty), hc
M T: Cy bi nh, cao 1m hay hn, gc ha g,
cnh non v cung l mu tm , c lng. L mc so le, c cung, mp kha rng, mt di c lng trng bc. Hoa c v hoa ci t tp thnh bng kp, k l. Qu b c i tn ti.
MA HOA QU: Thng 11 - 2. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni, ly l lm bnh gai,
v ly si v r c lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma
thu, ng. Thi lt, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA R cha flavonoid rutin. Ton cy c acid HC: cyanhydric. Ht c du bo, nhiu acid t
do.
CNG DNG: Khng khun, li tiu. Cha ng thai au
bng ra huyt sa, vim t cung, tr, xch bch i, i dt, i c, i ra mu, mn l. Ngy 12 - 20g dng sc, bt, vin. Dng
25
an thai ch ung 2 - 3 ngy. Dng ngoi, r ti gi p hoc un nc ra.
BRUCEA JAVANICA (L.) Merr.

SIMAROUBACEAE
SU U RNG, xoan rng, su u ct chut, ct d, nha m t,
M T:
Cy bi nh, cao ti 2m. L kp lng chim l, mc so le, mp c rng ca, c lng mm c hai mt. Hoa n tnh khc gc, mc thnh chm xim. Qu hch, hnh trng, khi chn mu en. Ht cng, dt, mu nu en, v ngoi rn reo, nhn c du, v rt ng. Hoa: Thng 3 - 4; Qu: Thng 5 - 9. Cy mc hoang nhiu vng i cy bi ven bin, o. Ht. Thu hi vo ma thu khi qu chn. Xt loi tht qu, ra sch. Phi hoc sy kh. Ht cha du bo, glucosid kosamin, saponin, cht ng brucein A.B.C.G. v brusatol. Cha l amip, ngy 4 - 16g ht loi du trnh nn, dng thuc sc, bt, chia 3 ln, trong 3-7 ngy. Cha st rt, ngy 3 6g ht, chia 3 ln, sau ba n, trong 4 - 5 ngy. Dng dung dch ngm tht gi t c hn. Cha tr ngoi, gi ht p.
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
C
CAPSELLA BURSAPASTORIS (L.) Medik.
BRASSICACEAE
26
T THI, cy t, nh lch, c tm
M T: Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 20-30cm. L
gc, c cung, mc st mt t, mp x thy v kha rng khng u. L trn khng cung, mc m ly thn, mp kha rng nh, tha. Hoa nh, mu trng, mc thnh chm ngn thn. Qu hnh tim ngc, dt, khi kh t m cung. Ht nh, nhiu.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3 - 8. PHN B: Cy mc hoang bi sng v rung b
hoang.
B PHN DNG: C cy. Thu hi vo ma h. Phi kh. THNH PHN HA C cy cha alcaloid bursin; cholin, diosmin; HC: cc acid: thiocyanic, citric, malic, fumaric,
tartric, tanic v bursinic. Ngoi ra cn c vitamin C, inositol, saponin, rhamnoglucosid hyssopin.

CNG DNG: Thuc cm mu trong nhng trng hp
khi huyt, xut huyt rut v t cung, kinh nguyt qu nhiu, cha ph thng, st, i ra dng trp. Ngy 6 - 12g dng thuc sc, cao lng hoc cn thuc. Ngoi ra, r v ht lm sng mt, hoa cha l lu ngy.
CASSIA ALATA L.
CAESALPINIACEAE
M T: Cy bi, cao n 3m, phn cnh. L kp lng
chim chn, gm 8 - 12 i l cht, mc so le; c l km. Cnh v cung l thng c mu nu . Hoa mu vng, mc thnh bng u cnh v k l. Qu di, hi dt v c cnh 2 bn da. Ht nhiu, mu en.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 5-6: Qu : Thng 7-10. PHN B: Cy mc vng ni v trung du. Cn c
trng lm cnh.
B PHN DNG: L v thn. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo
thng 4 - 5, trc khi cy c hoa. Dng ti
27
hoc phi kh.

THNH PHN HA L cha anthraglucosid, acid chrysophanic, HC: rhein. CNG DNG: Cha to bn, ph thng, au gan, vng da:
L dng di dng ch. Cha hc lo, bnh tkl, ecpt loang vng, gh, l lot sc vt: L ti gi nt xt, hoc vt nc bi vo ni b bnh. Dng nhun trng: Ngy 4 - 8g bt thn l; ty: 15 - 20g sc ung.
CASSIA TORA L. M T:
CAESALPINIACEAE
Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 30 -90 cm. L kp lng chim chn, mc so le, gm ba i l cht hnh trng. Hoa mu vng, 1 -3 ci k l. Qu u di, hp v cong. Ht nhiu, mu nu, nhn bng. Hoa: Thng 4 - 5; Qu: Thng 6 - 8. Cy mc tp trung thnh m cc bi c ven ng i, ven i trung du v min ni. Ht. Qu gi thu hi vo cui thu. Phi kh, tch v qu ly ht. Khi dng sao vng. C cy cha anthraglucosid, thu phn cho emodin v glucosa. Ngoi ra c rhein, chrysophanol. Du ht gm acid oleic, linolic, palmitic, lignoceric v sitosterol. Ht dng sng c tc dng nhun trng, ngy 10-15g. Ht rang chn cha mt ng, nhc u, ho, huyt p cao, mt , m mt, ra nhiu nc mt, to bn, i t. Ngy 10-15g dng sc, bt hoc vin. L ti gi nt ngm ru hoc gim, bi cha hc lo, chm.
APOCYNACEAE
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG:
THNH PHN HA HC:

THO QUYT MINH, mung ng, u ma, lc tri, mung lc, nh l mn (Thi), nh cc b (Ty), mung ho, dim tp (Dao), t, rng (Ba Na).
CNG DNG:
CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS(L.) G. Don
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 30 - 80 cm. Thn
mu hng, phn nhiu cnh. L mc i, hnh trng ngc. Hai mt nhn, mt trn sm bng. Hoa mu hng hay trng, mc ring l k l. Qu hai i, thun , hi choi ra. Ht nh nhiu, mu nu en.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5 -10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang vng ven bin. Cn c trng
lm cnh v dc liu xut khu.

B PHN DNG: L, r. L thu hi trc khi cy c hoa, phi hoc
sy nh n kh. R thu hi vo cui thu. Ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA L cha cc alcaloid : serpentin, ajmalin, HC: ajmalicin, catharanthin, catharanthinol, vindolin,
vindolicin, vincaleucoblastin, leurocin.
28
DA CN, bng da, hoa hi ng, trng xun hoa, phjc pt ng (Ty).
CNG DNG: Cha bnh i tiu v t, i ng, kinh
nguyt khng u. Ngy 4-8g l dng thuc sc, cao lng. Hin nay, nhiu alcaloid c chit ra t l c tc dng cha bnh bch cu, v t r lm gin mch mu no, cha huyt p cao.
CENTELLA ASIATICA (L.) Urb.

APIACEAE
RAU M, phc chn (Ty), tch
M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn mnh mc b, bn r cc mu. L mc so le hoc t tp nhiu l mt mu. Phin l hnh thn hoc gn trn, mp kha tai bo. Cm hoa hnh tn n mang 1-5 hoa nh khng cung, mu trng hoc pht . Qu dt. Thng 4-6. Cy mc trn t m, mt khp ni. C cy. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hoc phi, sy kh. C cy cha tinh du, du bo gm glycerid ca cc acid : oleic, linolic, linolenic, lignoceric, palmitic v stearic; alcaloid hydrocotylin; cht ng vellarin; glucosid asiaticosid thu phn cho acid asiatic v glucosa, rhamnosa ; vitamin C. Cha st, si, nn ra mu, chy mu cam, l, a chy, to bn, vng da , i dt but, thng kinh, bch i, gin tnh mch, mn nht. Ngy 30-40g cy ti gi thm nc ung hoc sc. p ngoi cha tn thng do ng, gy xng, bong gn, ung nht.
APOCYNACEAE M T:
CNG DNG:
CERBERA MANGHAS L.
Cy g, c khi cao ti 10m. V thn x x, dy; g mm. L hnh mc thun, mt trn nhn bng, thng tp trung u cnh. Cm hoa hnh xim u cnh; hoa mu trng, gia mu hng , c
29
MP ST, hi qua t
mi thm. Qu hch, hnh tri xoan, to. Ton cy c nha m mu trng.

Hoa : Thng 3-5; Qu : Thng 6-10. Cy mc vng ven bin v hi o. Ht, thu hi khi qu chn. Phi kh; p v ht ly nhn p du. Ht rt c. Ht cha glucosid: Cerberin, cerberosid, neriifolin, thevetin. Du ht bi ln da cha gh, nga hoc bi ln tc tr chy. Cc glucosid chit c t ht dng cha bnh suy tim . C ni dng v cy hoc l lm thuc ty. Cn rt thn trng v c
CHENOPODIUM AMBROSIOIDES L.
C H E N O P O D I A C E A E M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm hoc nhiu nm, cao 0,5 - 1m. Thn c kha dc, mu lc hoc ta. L mc so le, kha rng khng u. Gn l mt di c lng. Hoa nh, t tp k l. Qu b, hnh cu, mu lc nht. Ht nh, mu en bng. Ton cy c mi hc c bit. Thng 5 -7. Cy mc tp trung ch yu cc bi sng. Cnh mang l. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo thng 5-6, lc cy c hoa; ct v phi ct ngay ly tinh du, khng lu. Ton cy cha tinh du ( l: 0,3-0,5%, ht: 1,00%) gm ascaridol, p-cymen, limonen, pinocarvon, arituson. Tr giun a, giun mc. Ngi ln ung 1ml tinh du giun pha trong 30 ml du thu du, hoc dng vin nang. Sau ung thuc ty magi sulfat. Dng cho tr em trn 5 tui, liu tnh theo tui, t 10-20 git tinh du giun. Thuc c, cn thn khi dng.
THNH PHN HA HC:

DU GIUN, c hi, rau mui di, thanh hao di, kinh gii t.
CNG DNG:
30
CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM L.
ASTERACEAE
CC HOA VNG, kim cc, d cc, cam cc, kh , biooc kim (Ty).
M T: Cy c, sng mt nm hay nhiu nm, cao 20-
50 cm. Thn c kha rnh. L mc so le, c thu su, mp kha rng. Hoa hnh u, mu vng mc thnh ng k l hoc u cnh. Cn c loi cc hoa trng (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ram.) cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 9-12. PHN B: Cy c trng lm cnh, ly hoa p ch,
lm ru v lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: Hoa. Thu hi vo thng 9 - 10, quy ct, xng
sinh 2-3 gi. em nn nng 1 m chy ht nc en. Phi 3-5 nng n kh.
THNH PHN HA Trong hoa c glucosid chrysanthemin, thu HC: phn cho glucosa v cyanidin ; stachydrin, tinh
du, vitamin A. Ht cha du bn kh 15,8%.

CNG DNG: Hoa lm thuc cha chng hoa mt, chng
mt, st, nhc u, au mt , chy nhiu nc mt, mt kh trng, mt m, huyt p cao, mn nht, sng ty.Ung nhiu tr lu. Ngy 8-16g dng thuc sc, dng tr; dng ring hay phi hp vi cy khc. Dng ngoi ra, p mn nht.
CIBOTIUM BAROMETZ (L.) J. Sm. DICKSONIACEAE
31
mao, co ct p (Thi), lng kh, nhi c ving M T: Loi dng x th trng; thn r to, ngn, hi nc, ph lng t dy mu vng nu. L kp 3 ln lng chim, di ti hn 2m; mt di c nhiu ti bo t mu nu nht. MA HOA Thng 8-10 (ma c bo t). QU: PHN B: Cy mc ni t m, gn b khe sui vng ni. B PHN Thn r. Thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht DNG: vo ma thu, ng, ct b r con v cung l, co ht lng vng, ring. R co ht lng, ra sch, thi phin hay ct tng on di 4 - 10cm, phi hay sy kh. THNH PHN Thn r cha tinh bt, 30%. Lng vng HA HC: thn r c tanin, sc t. CNG DNG: Lm thuc chng vim, gim au. Cha thp khp, tay chn nhc mi, au lng, au dy thn kinh hng, kh h, ngi gi i tiu nhiu ln, b i, i dt. Ngy dng 10-20g dng thuc sc hoc ngm ru. Lng vng thn r dng p cm mu vt thng.
32
CINAMOMUM CAMPHORA (L.) Presl
LAURACEAE M T: Cy g, cao ti 20 m. V thn dy, nt n. L
mc so le, c cung di, mt trn xanh bng, 3 gn chnh xut pht t gc l v c tuyn nh. Hoa nh, mu vng lc, mc thnh chm k l. Qu mng, khi chn c mu en.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 5 - 6; Qu: Thng 7- 9. PHN B: Cy nhp trng nhiu ni lm thuc v
ly bng mt.
B PHN DNG: R, g thn thu hi quanh nm. Dng ct tinh
du.
THNH PHN HA G thn, l cha tinh du gm nhng thnh HC: phn : camphor, D v -pinen, cineol, terpineol,
caryophyllen, safrol, limonen, phellandren, carvacrol, camphoren, azulen.

CNG DNG: Long no thng dng di dng thuc tim
LONG NO, d hng, chng no, my kho chung (Ty).
c tc dng hi sc tim, cha try tim. Ung cha au bng, st, vim hng, lit dng. Dng ngoi st khun, tiu vim, gim au, tr mn l nga, au dy thn kinh, thp khp , dng cn, nc, thuc m.
CINNAMOMUM CASSIA Presl

LAURACEAE
QU, qu n, qu b, my qu
M T:
Cy g, cao 10 - 20m. V thn nhn. L mc so le, c cung ngn, cng v gin, u nhn hoc hi t, c 3 gn hnh cung. Mt trn l xanh sm bng. Hoa trng, mc thnh chm xim k l hoc u cnh. Qu hch, hnh trng, khi chn mu nu tm, nhn bng. Ton cy c tinh du thm, nht l v thn. Hoa: Thng 4 - 7; Qu: Thng 8 - 12. Cy mc hoang v c trng nhiu ni, vng ni. V thn, v cnh. Thu hi vo ma h,
33
thu. sau cho kh dn ch rm mt, thong gi. C th ct ly tinh du.

THNH PHN HA HC:
Ton cy, nht l v thn, v cnh, cha tinh du, aldehyd cinnamic, coumarin. Khng khun mnh. Cha tiu ho km, au bng, a chy, l, bnh dch t, cm cm, ho hen, b kinh, t bi, rn cn. Ngy 1-4g sc, hm, bt, vin hoc mi vi nc ung. Qu cn c dng lm thuc b . Tinh du qu c trong thnh phn ca cao xoa. Qu cn c dng lm gia v.
CNG DNG:
CITRUS GRANDIS (L.) Osbeck
RUTACEAE M T: Cy g, cao ti gn 10m. Cy nh v cnh non
c gai. L mc so le, c cung ; phin l c tai gc. Cm hoa hnh xim, hoa mu trng thm. Qu to, hnh cu, trong c nhiu mi, cha nhiu tp, n c. Ht c cnh, hi dt. V thn, v qu v l c tinh du thm.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 2-3; Qu: Thng 4 - 11. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni. B PHN DNG: L, v qu, hoa v ht. Hi qu gi, gt ly v,
phi trong rm cho kh. L thu hi quanh nm, thng dng ti. Hoa, ct ly tinh du hoa bi.
THNH PHN HA Tinh du, vi t l 0,84% trong l, gm dipenten, HC: linalol, citral, limonen; flavonoid; vitamin A, C, B1 ;
ng rhamnosa; acid citric; pectin , du bo,

CNG DNG: L ti nu vi l thm khc xng cha cm
BI, bng, mc pc (Ty), chu loan, pli plnh (K'ho)
cm, nhc u. V qu sc ung cha kh tiu, au bng, ho: ngy 4-12g. V ht c pectin dng lm thuc cm mu. Ht bc v t thnh than cha chc u. L non h nng xoa bp cha chn thng mu.
CITRUS LIMONIA Osbeck
RUTACEAE
34
M T:
Cy bi, c gai di. L mc so le, mp hi kha rng. Hoa trng, mc ring l hoc thnh chm, 2-3 hoa. Qu hnh cu, v qu mng, khi chn mu vng nht, v chua. Hoa: Thng 3 - 4; Qu: Thng 5 - 9. Cy c trng khp ni ly l v qu lm gia v v lm thuc. L, qu, r. L thu hi quanh nm, dng ti hoc phi, sy kh. Qu thu hi vo ma thu, dng ti hoc phi kh; qu ti mui lm thnh chanh mui. L cha tinh du 0,3-0,5%, stachydrin. V qu cha tinh du gm D-limonen, pinen, -phellandren, camphen, citral v pectin. Dch qu : acid citric 5-10%, citrat acid calci-kali 1-2%, vitamin C, B1 , riboflavin. L chanh ti nu nc xng cha cm cm. L, r, v qu cha ho, vim hng, kh th, nhc u, au nhc mt, sng v tc tia sa, km n, nn, rn cn: ngy 612g ngm hoc sc ung. Dch qu dng gii kht, cha bnh scobut, li tiu. Tinh du v qu lm hng liu.
THNH PHN HA HC:

CHANH, m iu (Thi), ch h cu (Hmng), mc vo (Ty), piu sui (Dao)
CNG DNG:
CITRUS RETICULATA Blanco

RUTACEAE
QUT, my cam cha (Ty), qut
M T: Cy g nh, cao 5-8m, khng c gai hoc c
gai ngn. L mc so le,phin hnh thun, u t hoc hi nhn. Cung l hi c cnh. Hoa trng mc thnh chm k l. Qu trn, hoc hi dt, khi chn mu vng cam sm. C nhiu loi: qut giy, qut hi, qut ng, V u dng c.
MA HOA QU: Gn nh quanh nm (tu loi).
35
PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni . B PHN DNG: L, v qu, ht. L thu hi quanh nm. V qu
xanh c tn l thanh b, v qu chn phi kh l trn b. Trn b cng lu nm cng tt.

THNH PHN HA L v v qu cha tinh du gm cc thnh HC: phn l D-limonen, DL-limonen, linalol, aldehyd
nonylic v decylic, methylanthranilat. Nc qu c ng, acid citric, vitamin C, caroten.

CNG DNG: Cha ho, tc ngc, nhiu m, kh tiu, au
bng, a chy, hi, nn ma. Cn cha thp khp, li tiu: ngy 4-12g v qut kh sc. Cha au bng , sng v : l ti h nng p, hoc phi kh sc ung, ngy 6-12g. Ht cha trn dch tinh mc, nn, rn cn: ngy 612g ngm hoc sc ung. Dch qu gii kht, cha bnh scobut, li tiu. Tinh du v qu dng lm hng liu.
CLERODENDRUM philippinum var.symplex Wu et Feng

VERBENACEAE
M MM XI, m trng, bn trng,
M T: Cy bi, cao 0,5-1,5m; cnh non vung, c
lng. L mc i , c cung di v c lng c hai mt; mp l kha rng hay un ln. Hoa mu trng , mc u cnh , t tp thnh u nh mm xi. Qu mng, hnh cu, c i tn ti. Cc loi xch ng nam (C.squamatum Vahl); bch ng n (C.viscosum Vent.), ngc n (C.paniculatum L.) cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5 - 8. PHN B: Cy mc hoang khp ni B PHN DNG: R: ly vo thng 7-8. o ly ton b r,
ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

CNG DNG: C tc dng khng khun, tiu vim. Cha
vim t cung, bch i, kinh nguyt khng u, mn nht, l nga, au nhc xng,
36
au lng, vng da, huyt p cao : Ngy 1216g dng sc hoc vin. Nc sc cn dng ra, tr vt thng nhim trng, bng, l lot.
CLERODENDRUM SQUAMATUM Vahl M T: VERBENACEAE
Cy bi, cao khong 1m. Thn c cnh, nhn. L mc i, hnh tim, c cung di, mp nguyn hoc c rng nh. Hoa mu mc thnh xim hai ng ngn. Nh v nhu mc th di. Qu mng , hnh cu. Cn c loi bch ng n, hoa trng (Clerodendrum viscosum Vent.) cng c dng vi cng dng tng t. Hoa : Thng 5 - 6; Qu : Thng 6-8. Cy mc hoang ri rc vng ni thp, trung du v ng bng. Ton thn.Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo lc cy sp c hoa. Phi hoc sy kh. C khi dng ti. Khng khun, chng vim. Cha kh h, vim t cung, kinh nguyt khng u, vng da, mn l, huyt p cao, khp xng au nhc, au lng: ngy 15-20g ton cy di dng thuc sc, cao, vin. L ti gi p hoc p ly nc ra vt thng , bng, mn l.
XCH NG NAM, m hoa , lo ci, co png pnh (Thi).
CNG DNG:
CODONOPSIS JAVANICA (Blume) Hook.f.

CAMPANULACEAE
M T: Dy leo nh, sng nhiu nm. R c nc. l
mc i, hnh tim, mp nguyn hay kha rng, c nha m trng. Hoa hnh chung,
37
mu vng ng, hng c vn tm, mc ring l k l. Qu mng, mu tm, nhiu ht nh.

MA HOA QU: Thng 7-12. PHN B: Cy mc ln trong cc trng c, nng ry
c hoc ven rng vng ni cao.

B PHN DNG: Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi
dng tm nc gng, sao vng.

THNH PHN HA R cha ng, cht bo, tinh du, glucosid HC: scutellarin, vt alcaloid. CNG DNG: B d dy, long m, li tiu; cha c th
suy nhc, thiu mu, vng da, km tiu ho, a lng, mt mi, ho, vim thn, nc tiu c albumin, ph tr, sa t cung, rong kinh, bnh h bch huyt: ngy dng 15-30g dng thuc sc, vin, bt, ru thuc. Thng phi hp vi cc v thuc khc.
ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him, cn bo v v trng COIX LACHRYMA - JOBI L. M T: POACEAE
Cy c, mc thnh bi, cao 1-2m. Thn nhn, rut xp. L hnh di, mc so le, c b, mp un ln. Hoa n tnh cng gc mc thnh bng thng ng k l. Hoa c trn, hoa ci di. Qu hnh bu dc, v mu xm nht, cng, bng, trong c nhn ht. Thng 5 - 12. Cy mc hoang v c trng nhiu ni . Qu (thng gi l ht) thu hi vo ma ng. Phi kh. Khi dng, gi b v, ly nhn. Dng sng hoc sao vng. Ht cha hydrat carbon, protid, lipid v cc acid amin nh leucin, lysin, arginin, tyrosin, coixol, coixenolid, sitosterol, dimethyl glucosid. Thuc bi dng c th do c hm lng protid v lipid cao . Cha vim rut v a chy ko di tr em , ph thng, si thn, t thp, nhc mi chn tay: ngy 1030g dng thuc bt hoc thuc sc.
THNH PHN HA HC:

D, bo bo, ht cm, co i (Thi), my pt (Ty)..
CNG DNG:
COLEUS AMBOINICUS Lour.
L A M I A C E A E
38
M T:
Cy c, sng lu nm, cao 20-50cm. Phn thn st gc ho g. L mc i, dy cng, gin, mng nc, mp kha rng trn. Hai mt l mu xanh lc nht. Hoa nh, mu tm , mc thnh bng u cnh. Qu nh, trn, mu nu. Ton cy c lng rt nh v thm nh mi chanh. Thng 3 - 5. Cy c trng lm gia v v lm thuc. L. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti. Ton cy c cha tinh du carvacrol. Cha cm, cm, st cao, st khng ra m hi c, ho, hen, ho ra mu, vim hng, khn ting, nn ra mu, chy mu cam: ngy dng 10-16g dng thuc sc, thuc xng hoc gi nt, thm nc gn ung. Dng ngoi gi p tr rt , b cp cn.
HNG CHANH, rau tn l dy, dng t t, rau thm lng..
COMBRETUM QUADRANGULARE Kurz. COMBRETACEAE
TRM BU, chng bu, tim bu,
M T:
Cy bi hoc g nh, cao 2-10m. Thn c nhiu cnh ngn rng l nom nh gai. Cnh non hnh 4 cnh, mp c da mng. L mc i, cung ngn. Hai mt l c lng, dy hn mt di. Hoa nh mu vng ng, mc thnh bng k l v u cnh.Qu c 4 cnh mng, cha mt ht hnh thoi. Thng 9-11. Cy mc hoang khp cc tnh pha nam , nht l vng ng bng. Ht. Thu hi qu vo ma thu-ng, phi kh, b v ly ht. Cn dng l v
39
v cy.
Tanin. CNG DNG : Ht lm thuc ty giun a v giun kim: nng hoc rang vng ri n vi chui chn, ngi ln dng ngy 10-15 ht (14-20g), tr em tu tui t 5-10 ht (7-14g); dng 3 ngy lin. L v v cy cng c tc dng nh ht.
COSCINIUM FENESTRATUM (Gaertn.) Colebr.

MENISPERMACEAE
VNG NG, vang ng, hong ng l trng, loong trn, dy m vng, dy ni cy, k trng (Ba
M T: Dy leo, g. R v thn mu vng. V thn nt
n, mu xm trng. L mc so le, c cung di, hi dnh vo trong phin l, 3-5 gn, mt di c lng trng bc . Hoa n tnh khc gc; hoa nh. Qu hch, to, hnh cu, khi chn mu vng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-10. PHN B: Mc rng, ri rc ti cc tnh min ni pha
nam.
B PHN DNG: Thn v r. Khai thac vo ma thu v ng. Phi
hoc sy kh. Thng dng chit berberin.

THNH PHN HA Thn v r cha alcaloid berberin vi t l 1,5HC: 3%. CNG DNG: Cha a chy, l trc khun, vim rut, vng da,
st, st rt, km tiu ho: ngy 10-16g dng sc, bt hoc vin. Dng berberin chlorid dng vin nn 0,05g , ngy 0,30-0,50g chia 2 ln. Tr em tu tui dng t hn. Dung dch 0,5-1% berberin chlorid cha au mt.
COSTUS SPECIOSUS (Koening) Smith. COSTUS SPECIOSUS (Koening) Smith
40
M T: Cy thn c, sng nhiu nm, mc thng, c
th cao ti hn 2m, li hng nm. Thn r nc, mc ngang. L c b, mc so le, lc non xp thnh hnh xon c, c lng. Cm hoa hnh bng, mc ngn thn. Hoa mu trng, l bc mu . Qu nang, cha nhiu ht, mu en. Cc loi Costus speciosus Sm. var. argyrophyllus Wall. v Costus tonkinensis Gapnep. cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 6-8; Qu : Thng 9-11. PHN B: Cy mc ni t m ven rng, nng ry,
ri rc khp cc tnh min ni v trung du.

B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi quanh nm. Phi hoc sy
kh. Cn dng ngn v cnh non.

THNH PHN HA Thn r cha saponin steroid: diosgenin , HC: tigogenin. CNG DNG: Tc dng chng vim; cha st, i but, i
MA D, t ng, ct li, s vng, tu ch, co ng bn (Thi), n ng (Ty).
vng, thp khp, au lng, au dy thn kinh: ngy 10-20g dng thuc sc, hoc cao lng. Ngn v cnh non cn ti, nng, gi , vt ly nc nh tai cha vim tai. C th dng lm nguyn liu chit xut diosgenin.
CRINUM ASIATICUM L.
AMARYLLIDACEAE
NNG HOA TRNG, l nng, chui nc, ti voi, ti li, vn chu lan, cap gn (Ty), co lc qun (Thi).
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm; thn hnh to, hnh
cu hoc hnh trng thun. L hnh bn, di ti 1m; mp nguyn v un ln. Cm hoa hnh tn, cung chung mp, hi dt. Hoa mu trng, to, c mi thm. Qu gn hnh cu, ht nhiu ni nh.
MA HOA QU: Thng 6-10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang nhiu ni v cn c
41
trng lm cnh.
B PHN DNG: L, thn hnh. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng
ti..
THNH PHN HA Thn hnh v l cha alcaloid : Lycorin, HC: crinamin. CNG DNG: L ti gi, h nng, p cha sng t mu
do ng, b gy xng , bong gn, sai khp. Thn hnh gi, nng, p cha thp khp, nhc mi. L kh sc, ra cha tr ngoi. Thn hnh gi p ly nc ung gy nn. Nc p thn hnh nh tai cha vim tai.
CROTON TIGLIUM L.
EUPHORBIACEAE
NGH, ngh vng, ut kim, khng
M T: Cy nh, phn cnh nhiu; cao 3- 6m. L mc
so le, mp kha rng; l non mu hng tm. Cm hoa hnh chm mc u cnh; hoa c trn, hoa ci di. Qu nang mu vng nht. Ht nh, c v cng mu vng nu.
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 5-7; Qu: Thng 8-10. PHN B: Cy mc i, rng m, b nng ry min
ni.
B PHN DNG: Ht. Hi qu chn vo thng 8-9, nhng cha
nt cc mnh v, phi kh, p ly ht, phi li ln na. C th nguyn qu, khi dng mi p ly ht.
THNH PHN HA Ht: du bo 30- 50%, gm stearin, palmitin, HC: glycerid crotonic v tiglic; protein 18%, glucosid
crotonosid; nha l polyeste ca crotonol, phorbol; acid amin (arginin, lysin); alcaloid; men lypasa.
CNG DNG: Cha y bng, khng tiu, to bn, au
bng, ph thng, kh th, ho nhiu. Ngy 0.01- 0.05g ba u sng (ht nghin nt, p b du, sao vng), lm vin hoc ch cao. Thuc c, ph n c thai khng c dng.
42
Cha ng c ba u: ung nc hong lin, nc u a.
CROTON TONKINENSIS Gagnep. M T:
EUPHORBIACEA
Cy nh, cao 1-1,5m. L mc so le, c khi t hp 3-4 l nh kiu mc vng , hai mt c lng ng nh nh l nht, dy hn mt di, 3 gn to t gc. Hoa nh trng mc thnh chm k l hoc u cnh, n tnh cng gc. Qu c 3 mnh v. Ht hnh trng, mu nu. Thng 5-8. Cy mc hoang v c trng khp ni. L. Thu hi khi cy ang c hoa. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng sao vng. Cha ung nht, l lot, vim mi, a ra mu, vim lot d dy, t trng, l, au bng, tiu ha km. Ngy 16-20g l sao vng, dng thuc sc. Dng ngoi nc sc c ra, cha mn nht, l nga

KH SM, c n, co chy n (Thi).
CURCUMA DOMESTICA Valet.

ZINGIBERACEA
NGH, ngh vng, ut kim, khng
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,5-1m;
thng li vo ma kh. Thn r (thng gi l c) nc, phn nhnh c mu vng v mi hc. L to, c b, mc so le. Hoa mu vng, mc thnh bng hnh tr ngn. L bc mu lc hoc pha hng u.
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 3-5. PHN B: Cy c trng khp ni lm gia v v
43
lm thuc
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo thng 11-12. Ct b r
con, ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HO Thn r cha cht mu, curcumin; tinh du HC: gm cc sesquiterpen : zingiberen, D--
phellandren, turmeron, dehydrotumeron, , -alantolactone; curcumen, cineol.

CNG DNG: Cha vim lot d dy, t trng, vim gan,
vng da, kinh nguyt khng u, b kinh, tch mu sau , ng tn thng t mu, thp khp, tay chn au nhc, mn nht, gh l: ngy 3-12g, dng bt, sc. Dng ngoi, gi nt bi vt thng mi lnh chng so, dng cha ng c b u : gi nt lc ly nc ung.
CURCUMA ZEDOARIA (Berg.) Rosc.

ZINGIBERACEA
NGA TRUT, ngh en, ngh tm, ngh xanh, ngh m (Ty), bng trut, ngi tm, tam ni, m'gang
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm; thng li v ma
kh. Thn r (thng gi l c) hnh con quay vi nhiu nhnh ph hnh trng. L c b, to, c m ta gn gia mt trn. Hoa mu trng hng c hng vng; l bc xanh, u ; tp trung thnh bng hnh tr, mc ln t thn r, trc khi cy ra l.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-5. PHN B: Cy mc hoang trn t m, gn b sui
quanh nng ry v rung b hoang. C nhiu cc tnh min ni.

B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo thng 11-12, ct b r
con, ra sch, thi lt, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HO Thn r cha tinh du gm -pinen, DHC: camphen, cineol, D-camphor, D-borneol,
sesquiterpen alcol, zingiberen.

CNG DNG: Thuc gip tiu ho, iu kinh; cha au bng,
n ung khng tiu, nn ma, ho, b kinh, kinh nguyt khng u; cn c tc dng b. Ngy 3-6g dng thuc, thuc bt hoc thuc vin.
44
CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS (DC.) Stapf

POAECEA
S, hng mao, ch phic (Ty), phc chu (Thi), m b'lng (K'ho).
M T: Cy c, sng lu nm, mc khm dy. Thn r
mu trng hoc tm. L di, hp, c b, mp hi rp. Cm hoa gm nhiu bng nh khng cung. Ton cy c mi thm nh chanh.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-7. PHN B: Cy c trng tp trung ( ct tinh du);
trng ri rc trong nhn dn lm gia v v lm thuc.

B PHN DNG: C cy. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hoc
phi trong rm mt cho kh. C th ct ly tinh du.

THNH PHN HO C cy cha tinh du gm citral, limonen, HC: isopulegol, acid citronellic, acid ca geranium
v -camphoren.
CNG DNG: Cha cm cm, st: 10-20g c cy sc ung
hoc nu nc xng cng nhng l thm khc. Gip tiu ho, cha y bng, nn ma, trung tin km: 3-4 git tinh du ung vi nc. Cha chm mt: r gi, xt. Tinh du s dng ch yu trong cng nghip hng liu; ngoi ra cn tc dng tr mui, ty mi hi.
CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L.
CYPERACEA M T: C sng dai, nhiu nm, cao 20-30cm. Thn
r phnh ln thnh c ngn, tht mu nu , thm. L nh hp, di, mt gn, c b. Hoa nh, mc thnh hnh tn mu nu ngn thn. Qu 3 cnh, mu xm. Loi hi hng ph ( Cyperus Stoloniferus Retz.) mc ven bin, c c to nn thng c khai thc s dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-7.
45
C GU, c gu, c c, hng ph, sa tho, nh khun mu (Thi), tng ghy tht ma (Dao).
PHN B: Cy mc hoang khp ni. B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo
ma thu, ng. o ly thn r, vun thnh ng, t cho chy ht r con v l, ra sch, phi kh. nguyn hoc ch vi gim, nc tiu, nc mui v ru (hng ph t ch).
THNH PHN HO Thn r cha tinh du vi t l 0,5-1,2% HC: gm cyperen, cyperol, -cyperon, vt cineol
v L--pinen. Tinh bt.

CNG DNG: Cha kinh nguyt khng u, thng kinh,
au d dy, nn ma, kh tiu, a chy: ngy 6-12g, dng thuc sc, thuc bt, thuc vin hoc ru thuc. Dng ring hoc phi hp vi ch mu, ngi cu.
DATURA METEL L.
SOLANACEA
C C DC, c din, c lc lc (Ty), sa ta (H'mng), mn
M T: Cy bi nh, ha g t, cao 1-1,5m; cnh non
c nhiu lng mn v so l. L mc so le, phin lch, mp ln sng, c hai mt u c lng. Hoa to, hnh loa kn, mu trng, mc ring k l. Qu hnh cu, c gai, khi chn nt theo 3-4 ng; nhiu ht nh, dt, mu nu en.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4 - 10. PHN B: Cy thng mc trn t m ven ng, bi
hoang, nhiu a phng. Cn c trng lm cnh.

B PHN DNG: L v hoa (ch ly cnh hoa). L bnh t thu
hi lc cy sp v ang ra hoa, phi nng hay sy nh. Hoa thu hi vo ma thu, phi nng hay sy nh.
THNH PHN HA Alcaloid ton phn c trong l : 0,01-0,5%, HC: trong hoa : 0,25-0,60%, trong r : 0,10-0,20%,
trong qu : 0,12%. Gm mt s loi: Scopolamin, hyoscyamin v atropin, norhyoscyamin, vitamin C.

CNG DNG: Cha ho, hen, thp khp, sng chn, chng
46
co tht gim au trong lot d dy, rut, cha tr, say sng, say my bay. p mn nht au nhc: l, cnh hoa kh 0,2g/ln, ngy 3 ln di dng bt ung, hoc cao; cha hen: lm thnh thuc ht (nh thuc l).
DENROBIUM NOBILE Lindl.
ORCHIDACEA M T: Thuc loi phong lan ph sinh trn cy g hay vch , cao 30-50cm. Thng mc thnh khm. Thn hi dt, c rnh dc, khi kh c mu vng rm. L mc so le thnh dy u hai bn thn. Hoa to, mu hng, mc thnh chm 2-4 ci k l. Qu nang, hi hnh thoi, khi kh t m theo cc rnh dc. Ht nhiu. Mt s loi khc thuc chi Dendrobium v Desmotricum cng c dng nh thch hc. MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 2-4; Qu : Thng 5-6. PHN B: C mt s tnh min ni v c trng lm cnh. B PHN DNG: Ton b phn thn (b l v r). Thu hi vo ma ng. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng tm ru, chn, thi nh. THNH PHN HA Thn cy cha cht nhy, alcaloid dendrobin. HC: CNG DNG: Thuc b dng dng cho ngi h lao gy yu, thiu tn dch, y hi, ming kh kht, st nng, khng mun n, ra m hi trm. Cn dng cha lit dng, mt nhn km, au khp, nhc c, au lng, tay chn nhc mi. Ngy 8-16g dng thuc sc, vin, bt. Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him,cn ch bo v
THCH HC, kp tho, hong tho cng g, kim thch hc, co vng so (Thi), c vng, x kp (Ty), phi ip kp.
DESMODIUM TRIANGULARE (Retz.) Merr.

FABACEA
BA CH, ning c, vn t, u bc u, my thp moong (Ty),
M T: Cy bi, cao 2-3m. L kp mc so le, 3 l
cht hnh trng, mp nguyn, ci gia ln hn hai ci bn, mt di l v cnh non ph lng mm mu trng bc. Hoa mu trng, tp trung k l. Qu u, nhiu lng,
47
tht li gia cc ht. Ht hnh thn. Trnh nhm vi cy ning ci (Moghania macrophylla(Willd.) 0.Kuntze).
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 5-8; Qu : Thng 9-11. PHN B: Cy mc hoang min ni v trung du. B PHN DNG: L. Thu hi vo ma h, trc khi cy ra
hoa, ra sch, dng ti, phi hay sy nhit 50-60.

THNH PHN HA L cha tanin, flavoniod , acid hu c v HC: alcaloid. CNG DNG: Tc dng khng khun, chng vim. Cha l
trc khun, hi chng l, a chy: ngy 3050g, chia 2-3 ln, lin 3-5 ngy, di dng thuc sc, cao lng hoc vin t cao kh. Cha rn cn, dng l ti gi nt, ung nc, b p.
DICHROA FEBRIFUGA Lour. HYDRANGEACEAE M T: Cy bi nh, cao 1-2m. Thn nhn, mu lc
hoc tm nht. L mc i, mp c rng ca. Cung l v gn gia c mu tm. Cm hoa hnh xim mc ngn thn hoc k l. Hoa mu xanh lam hoc hng tm. Qu mng mu lam hoc tm. Ht nh, hnh qu l. Trnh nhm vi cy thng sn trng ( Gendarussa ventricosa Nees) v thng sn Nht Bn (Phlogacanthus turgidus Nich.).
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-8. PHN B: Cy mc ni t m, ven rng, b sui..., khp
cc tnh min ni.

B PHN DNG: R v l. R thu hi vo ma ng, phi hoc
sy kh, khi dng tm ru, sao vng. L hi vo h- thu, sao vng hoc chn, phi kh.
THNG SN, thng sn ta, r la, thc tt, p niu tho, sleng slo m (Ty)..
THNH PHN HA R cha cc alcaloid : -dichroin, -dichroin, HC: dichroin v 4-ketodihydroquinazolin. CNG DNG: Cha st, st rt, st cch nht, long m,
thng tiu tin. Dng sng hay gy nn, do vy dng thuc sc t l, r tm ru sao vng, ngy 6-12g, hoc dng alcaloid ton phn. Dng ring hoc phi hp vi mt s cy khc.
48
DIOSCOREA PERSIMILIS Prain et Burkill DIOSCOREACEA
C MI, khoai mi, sn mn chn (Ty), g ln (K'dong), M T: Dy leo bng thn qun, nhn. C n c hoc hai, to v hi dt, trn u ging nh qu bu, su trong t. Thn thng mang c ngn k l gi l di mi (thin hoi). L mc so le hay mc i, hnh tim. Hoa n tnh khc gc nh mu vng mc thnh chm k l. Qu c 3 cnh. MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 5-7; Qu : Thng 8-10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v c trng ly c. B PHN C. Thu hi vo ma thu hoc ma ng DNG: khi cy tn li, ra sch, gt v, ngm nc phn chua 2-4 gi cho bt nht, xng dim sinh 48gi, phi kh. THNH PHN C cha glucid 63,25%, protid 6,75%, lipid HA HC: 0,45%, cht nhy 2,0-2,8%; dioscin, sapotoxin, allantoin, dioscorin v acid amin. CNG DNG: B, h nhit. Cha n km tiu, gy yu, vim rut mn, a chy v l mn tnh, m hi trm, di tinh, khi h, i ng, au lng, i tiu lun, hoa mt, chng mt, h lao: ngy 10-25g, dng thuc sc hay thuc bt. p ngoi mn nht.C n c.
DIOSCOREA ZINGIBERENSIS C.H. Wright
DIOSCOREACEAE
49
M T: Dy leo bng thn qun, nhn cng, di 5-
10m. Thn r (c) mc b ngang, v ngoi th, mu nu, r con cng. L mc so le, hnh tim, u l nhn hot. Cung l di, c gai gc. Hoa n tnh khc gc, cm hoa hnh bng di mc k l. Qu c 3 cnh.
MA HOA QU: Thng 2-5. PHN B: Mc ven rng, gn b sui; mt s tnh
Qung Nam, Bnh nh v Lm ng.

B PHN DNG: C. Thu hi vo ma thu, khi cy tn li, ra
sch, thi mng, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA C cha 2,0-2,5% diosgenin. HC: CNG DNG: Diosgenin l mt trong nhng nguyn liu
C MI GNG, c lh (Ba Na).
chnh tng hp cc thuc steroid, nh ni tit t sinh dc, thuc chng vim corticosteroid, thuc cai v thuc lm tng ng ho. C ti cn dng duc c. C c c khng n c.
50
DIPSACUS JAPONICUS Miq.

DIPSACACEA
TC ON, sn cn thi, oa thi,
M T: Cy c, cao 60-90cm. R c mp, khng phn
nhnh. Thn c cnh v c gai nh, tha. L mc i, khng cung, mp kha rng; l gc x thu su, l pha trn nguyn. Ton b phn trn mt t li vo ma ng.Cm hoa hnh u trn mc trn mt cn di bao bc bi nhiu tng bao l bc cng. Hoa mu trng. Qu b hi hnh 4 cnh, nhn.
MA HOA QU: Thng 6-11. PHN B: Cy mc ven rng hay i, nng ry b
hoang; cao 1000m tr ln. C cc tnh Lai Chu, Lo Cai, H Giang. Mi a vo trng thm Sa Pa.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hoch vo ma thu. Ra sch, phi
hoc sy kh. Khi dng, tm ru hoc nc mui , sao vng.
51
THNH PHN HA Alcaloid, tanin, ng. HC: CNG DNG: Thuc b, lm du au, chng vim, cha au
lng, cc kh, thp khp, nhc xng, di tinh, bch i, ng thai au bng, gan thn yu, bng, chn thng, bong gn, gy xng, mn nht v cn li sa, cm mu. Ngy 10-12g dng thuc sc, ngm ru, bt hoc vin. Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him, cn ch bo v Vit Nam
DISPOROPSIS ASPERA (Hua) Engl. ex Krause

CONVALLARIACEAE
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,2-0,5m; c
th li hng nm vo ma ng. Thn r mc ngang, c nhng t ngn, mu vng nht. L mc so le, gn nh khng cung, dai, xanh sm. Hoa hnh chung, mu trng, mc 2 ci trn mt cung chung k l. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu tm en.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-6. PHN B: Mc t nhin cc hc mn , mt vi
a phng, thuc vng ni cao. Cy cng c trng.

B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo thng 8,9 khi hoa
kt qu. Phi hoc sy kh.

CNG DNG: Thuc b, cha c th suy nhc, st nng
m , m hi ra nhiu, m hi trm, i tiu nhiu, di tinh, ho khan, kht nc. Ngy 612g dng thuc sc, ru thuc, thuc vin hoc thuc bt. Dng ring hoc phi hp vi nhiu v thuc khc.
DISPOROPSIS LONGIFOLIA Craib

CONVALLARIACEAE
52
HONG TINH HOA TRNG, hong tinh l mc so le, cy t, co hn han (Thi), vong chnh, nng li
M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn r mp, mc ngang, gm nhiu t, mt trn c so do vt thn tn li li. Thn ng, nhn, cao n gn 1m. L khng cung, mc so le, hnh trng hoc tri xoan. Hoa trng, hnh chung, mc k l. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu tm en. Hoa : Thng 3-5; Qu : Thng 6-8. Cy mc trn cc hc mn , di tn rng; cc tnh min ni pha bc. Thn r. Thu hi vo ma thu. Ra sch, chn, phi kh, sau ch thnh "thc" bng cch: ban m un, ban ngy phi, lm lin tc 9 ln. Thn r ch c dng lm thuc b, tng lc, cha mt mi, km n, au lng, thp khp, kh c kht nc. Mi ngy 12-20g dng thuc sc, tn bt hoc ngm ru ung. Dng ring hoc phi hp vi ba kch, ng sm,...
CNG DNG:
Ch : L cy thuc thuc din qu him, cn ch bo v Vit Nam.
DOLICHOS LABLAB L.
FABACEA M T: Dy leo bng thn qun. Cnh non c lng.
L mc so le, 3 l cht, c lng. Hoa trng, mc thnh chm k l. Qu u, dt, u c m nhn cong. Ht hnh thn, mu trng, c mng mp.
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 4-5; Qu : Thng 6-8. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni, ly qu non, ht n v
lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: Ht thu t qu gi. Phi hoc sy kh, bc
ly ht. Khi dng sao vng. Cn dng l.

THNH PHN HA Ht cha protid, lipid, glucid, acid amin: HC: trytophan, arginin, tyrosin, man tyrosinasa,
vitamin A1, B1, C acid cyanhydric, mui v c Ca, P, Fe.

CNG DNG: Thuc b, mt, gii c, chng nn, cha
U VN TRNG, bch bin u, bch u, u bin, tha pn khao (Ty), tp by p (Dao).
cm nng, a chy, vim rut, au bng, cha ng c ru, thch tn, c nc. Ngy 8-16g dng thuc sc. L ti nhai ngm vi mui, nut nc cha hng sng au.
53
DRACAENA CAMBODIANA Pierre ex Gagnep.

DRACAENACEAE
rng, da di, ging ng, i cng
M T: Cy nh, thn ct dng cau da, nhng c
phn nhnh. Cao 2-4m. V thn gi ho g gc, khi b mc c nhng phn rn li, mu nu. L mc t hp ngn, hnh di, mp nguyn, c b. Hoa mu lc vng, mc thnh chm kp ngn thn. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu , cha mt ht.
MA HOA QU: Thng : 5-10. PHN B: Cy thng mc vng ni ; gp
nhiu tnh.
B PHN DNG: Phn v thn khng b mc nt ho g, mu
nu. C th khai thc quanh nm, phi hoc sy kh.

CNG DNG: Thng huyt, tiu vim. Cha huyt, bm
tm do chn thng, b kinh, thp khp, au lng, nhc xng, t mi: ngy 8-12g dng thuc sc hoc ru thuc ung. Cn c dng ngoi, phi hp vi qu chi ngm ru xoa bp.
DRYNARIA FORTUNEI (Kze) J.Sm. M T:
POLYPODIACEAE
Thuc loi dng x, ph sinh, sng nhiu nm. Thn r hi dt, mng nc, ph lng dng vy mu nu. L c 2 loi : l hng mn, x thy, bt th, khng cung, ph kn thn r v l hu th, c cung, x thy su, mt di mang nhiu ti bo t. Cc loi Drynaria bonii Christ; D.quercifolia (L.) J.Sm. cng gi l b ct toi v c dng. Thng 5-8.
MA HOA QU:
54
B CT TOI, rng bay, tc k , co tng t (Thi), r (K'ho), hc quyt, t phng, sng vng (Dao).
PHN B: B PHN DNG:
Cy sng bm trn cy g v trong rng m, mt s tnh min ni. Thn r. Thu hoch quanh nm. Ct b r con , phn l cn st li v co sch lng, ra sch, ct thnh tng ming theo kch thc qui nh, phi hay sy kh. Cha au lng, au xng, sng au khp, ng chn thng, t mu, bong gn, gy xng kn, tai, chy mu chn rng, thn h: ngy 8-16g, dng thuc sc, ngm ru. Dng ngoi, gi p ln ch sng au, bong gn hoc b gy xng
ASTERACEAE
CNG DNG:
ECLIPTA ALBA (L.) Hassk.
M T: Cy c, sng mt hay nhiu nm, mc ng
hay mc b, cao 30-40cm. Thn mu lc hoc ta, phnh ln nhng mu, c lng cng. L mc i, gn nh khng cung, mp kha rng rt nh; hai mt l c lng. Hoa hnh u, mu trng, mc k l hoc ngn thn, gm hoa ci ngoi v hoa lng tnh gia. Qu b, c 3 cnh, hi dt.
MA HOA QU: Thng 2-8. PHN B: Cy mc trn t m, t min ni n ng
bng.
B PHN DNG: C cy. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hay
phi, sy kh. Khi dng nguyn hoc sao en.

NH NI, c mc, hn lin tho, nh cha cht (Thi), phong trng, my m lc n (Ty).
THNH PHN HA Trong cy cha alcaloid : ecliptin, nicotin v HC: coumarin lacton l wedelolacton. CNG DNG: Cha chy mu bn trong v bn ngoi,
rong kinh, bng huyt, chy mu cam, tr, i tiu tin ra mu, nn v ho ra mu, chy mu di da; cn cha ban si, ho, hen, vim hng, bng, nm da, ta li. Ngy 12-20g cy kh sc hoc 30-50g cy ti p nc ung.
ELEUSINE INDICA (L.) Gaertn. M T: POACEAE
Cy c sng hng nm, cao 30-60cm, mc thng ng hoc mc b thnh cm. L hnh di, xp thnh hai dy. Phin l nhn, mm, b l c lng. Cm hoa mc trn mt cn ngn thn, gm 5-7 bng xp hnh phng x v 1-2 bng khc mc thp hn. Mi bng li mang nhiu bng nh. Qu thun di, gn nh 3 cnh. Thng 5-7. Cy mc trn t m, khp cc vng. Ton cy. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hoc phi kh.
55
C MN TRU, thanh tm tho, ngu cn tho, mng tru, co nh ht (Thi), hang ma (Ty), ha x xan (Dao).
Ton cy cha mui nitrat. C mn tru l mt v thuc trong toa cn bn, c tc dng li tiu, nhun trng, nhun gan, gii c, kch thch tiu ho; cha cm st, huyt p cao, tiu tin khng thng, i t. Ngy 60-100g di dng thuc sc.
ELEUTHERINE SUBAPHYLLA Gagnep. IRIDACEAE
SM I HNH, hnh , ti , sm cau, phong nhan, hom ba
M T: Cy c, cao 30-40cm, sng nhiu nm,
thng li vo ma kh. Thn hnh c mu ta. L hnh mc di, c b, gc v u thun nhn, nhiu gn song song. Hoa mu trng mc thnh chm trn mt cung chung di. Qu nang, nhiu ht.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4-6. PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni. B PHN DNG: Thn hnh. Thu hi khi cy tn li; thi
ngang c thnh lt. Phi hoc sy nh di 50C ti kh.

THNH PHN HA Thn hnh cha cc hp cht quinoid: HC: eleutherin, isoeleutherin, eleutherol. CNG DNG: Thuc b mu cha thiu mu, vng da,
hoa mt, nhc u; cm mu trong chng ho ra mu, bng huyt, b thng; khng khun, chng vim trong vim hng, ho g, mn nht, chc l; sau khi no thai, t vng trnh thai. Ngy 4-12g dng sc, hm, bt hoc vin: Lm thnh dng thuc m bi ngoi da.
56
ELSHOLTZIA CILIATA(Thunb.)Hyland. LAMIACEAE
M T: Cy c, cao 40-60cm. Thn vung , c lng min. L mc i, mp kha rng, gn l ni r mt di. Hoa nh mu tm nht, hoc hng ta mc thnh bng lch u cnh. Qu b, thun nhn. Ton cy c mi thm. MA HOA Thng 6-8. QU: PHN B: Cy c trng ph bin lm gia v v lm thuc. B PHN Cnh l v cm hoa. Thu hi vo lc cy DNG: ang ang ra hoa; phi hoc sy kh. THNH PHN C cy cha tinh du trong c cc ceton HA HC: ca elsholtzia. CNG DNG: Cha cm st, nhc u, si, cm, au xng, vim hng, mn nht, bng huyt, rong huyt, th huyt, i tin ra mu. Ngy 10-16g cy kh hoc 30-50g cy ti dng thuc sc hoc xng. C th gi nt cy ti vt nc ung. Sao en khi dng cm mu.
ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA (Thunb.) Lindl.

ROSACEAE
57
T B DIP, nht ty, sn tra Nht
M T: Cy g nh, cao 5-7cm. Cnh non c lng
t, cnh gi nhn. L mc so le, dy v cng, mp kha rng, mt di c nhiu lng mm. Hoa trng mc thnh chm u cnh. Ton b cm hoa ph y lng. Qu hch, mu vng v chua, n c, cha 3-5 ht.
MA HOA QU: Hoa : Thng 2-3; Qu : Thng 3-6. PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni, ly qu n, l
lm thuc v cn lm cnh.
B PHN DNG: L. Thu hi vo ma h, thu. Phi kh. Khi
dng, lau sch lng, nguyn hoc tm mt sao.

THNH PHN HA Qu cha ng levulosa, sucrosa; acid HC: malic, citric, tartric, succinc; cryptoxanthin, -
caroten, neo--caroten. Ht c amydalin, du bo. L c saponin, acid ursolic, acid oleanolic v caryophyllen.
CNG DNG: Cha ho, vim ph qun mn tnh, suyn
kh th, tr m, st nng, cm mt, nn ma nht l khi thai nghn, tiu ho, chy mu cam. Ngy 10-20g l kh di dng thuc sc hoc thuc cao nc. Nc sc l cn dng ra vt thng
ERYTHRINA VARIEGATA L. var. ORIENTALIS (L.) Merr. FABACEAE M T: Cy g, cao gn 10m. Thn non v cnh c gai
ngn. L mc so le, 3 l cht, l cht gia to hn. Cung l cht c tuyn nh. Hoa mc thnh chm dy, trc khi cy ra l. Qu u, mu en, tht li gia cc ht. Ht hnh thn, mu hay nu.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-5. PHN B: Cy mc hoang v c trng ph bin khp
ni.
B PHN DNG: L.Thu hi vo ma xun, h. Dng ti hay phi
kh. Cn dng v thn.

THNH PHN HA Thn v l cha alcaloid erythrinalin; ht c HC: alcaloid hypaphorin. Ngoi ra, cn c saponin
migarrhin.
CNG DNG: An thn. Cha mt ng do hi hp, lo u. Ngy 8-
VNG NEM, l vng, hi ng, thch ng, co tong lang (Thi), b tng (Ty).
16g l kh sc hoc nu cao ung (thng phi hp vi lc tin, l du,) L ti gi p cha tr, sa t cung. Bt l rc vt thng chng nhim trng. Cha phong thp: Ngy 5-10g v thn, dng thuc sc, cao, hoc ru thuc
EUCOMMIA ULMOIDES Oliv. EUCOMMIACEAE.
58
M T: Cy g, cao 10m hay hn. L mc so le, c
cung, mp kha rng. V thn v l c nha m trng, khi b b gy ko di ra nh t ni lin gia cc mnh. Hoa n tnh khc gc, hoa c v hoa ci khng c bao hoa. Qu hnh thoi dt, mu nu. V thn ca mt s loi Euonymus L., h Dy gi (Celastraceae) cng c dng vi tn trng nam.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-11. PHN B: Cy nhp, trng vng ni cao. B PHN DNG: V cy. Thu hoch vo ma xun, h. V
bc em p phng, xp thnh ng, 6-7 ngy n khi mt trong c mu en. Phi hoc sy kh.
THNH PHN HA V cy cha gutta-percha, cht nha, HC: glucosid aucubin, loganin, lipid, protid, tinh
du, acid chlorogenic.

CNG DNG: H p, gip hot ng ni tit , chng vim,
cha suy gim ni tit, au lng, mi gi, di tinh, lit dng, c thai au bng, ng thai ra huyt, cao huyt p, thp khp, ph thng, i i nhiu ln. Ngy 12-20g, dng thuc sc, cao lng, bt, vin, ru thuc (thng phi hp vi cc v thuc khc).
EUPATORIUM STAECHADOSMUM Hance

ASTERACEAE
MN TI, trch lan, lan tho, co
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, c th cao ti 1m;
cnh non mu tm, c rnh dc. L mc i, phin l hp, nhn u, mp c rng ca, v nt c mi thm hc. Hoa hnh u, mu tm nht, mc thnh ng kp u hay k l. Qu b nh, mu en. Trnh nhm vi cy b dt (Eupatorium triplinerve Vahl.) c l mp nguyn v 3 gn r.
MA HOA QU: Thng 9-10.
59
PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni lm rau n v
lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: Ton thn.Thu hi vo ma h trc khi cy ra
hoa. Dng ti hoc phi kh trong bng rm.

CNG DNG: St trng, li tiu, li tiu ho, iu kinh; cha
st, b kinh, kinh nguyt khng u, au bng, tch huyt sau , ph thng, chong vng, mn nht, l nga, chn thng. Ngy 10-20g cy kh dng thuc sc. Cn dng cy ti dit chy, rn, rp, b mt, mt.
EUPHORBIA THYMIFOLIA L.
EUPHORBIACEA
C SA L NH, v sa t, thin cn tho, nh nm mn, nh mc
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm, c nha m. Thn, cnh mnh, mu tm, c lng rt nh. L mc i, hnh bu dc, mp c rng ca, mt di c lng. Cm hoa mc k l thnh xim t hoa. Qu nang, c lng. Ht nhn c 4 cnh r. Thng 5-10. Cy mc hoang khp ni. Ton cy. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma h, ra sch, dng ti hoc phi kh, sao vng. Ton cy cha 5, 7, 4-trihydroxy flavon-7, glucosid, tinh du. Cha l trc khun, mn nht, thiu sa, tc tia sa, bng huyt, tr em a phn xanh. Ngy 20-30g dng thuc sc; tr em 10-20g. Phi hp vi rau sam liu lng bng nhau cha l. Gi p bn ngoi cha bnh ngoi da, vt thng. Cn dng dit su b.
60
EUPHORIA LONGAN (Lour.) Steud.

EUPHORIA
NHN, l chi n, my ngn, mc
M T:
Cy g, cao 5-10m. L kp lng chim, mc so le, gm 5-9 l cht, hnh mc thun; mt trn l nhn bng. Hoa mu vng nht mc thnh chm kp u cnh. Qu hnh cu, nhn hoc hi nhp v ngoi, mu vng nu. Ht en bng, c o ht. Hin c nhiu ging nhn khc nhau, cng c dng. Hoa : Thng 4-5; Qu : Thng 6-8. Cy c trng khp ni. Ci qu v ht. Thu hi vo thng 7-8. Ci qu ch bin phi kh gi l long nhn. Ci qu cha ng glucosa, saccharosa, vitamin A, B, protid v cht bo. Ht : Tinh bt, saponin, tanin, cht bo. Lm thuc bi b sc kho, cha chng hay qun, tr nh st km, mt ng, thn kinh suy nhc. Ngy 9-10g ci qu kh sc hoc nu cao ung. Ht tn bt dng ngoi cha chc l, chy mu t tay chn.
FALLOPIA MULTIFLORA (Thunb) Haraldson.

POLYGONACEAE
61
(Thi), mn nng n (Ty), M T: Dy leo bng thn qun. Thn cnh v cung l mu tm. R c to nc, mu nu. L hnh tim nhn, mc so le, b cha hnh ng, mng. Hoa nh, mu trng, mc thnh chu k l. Qu hnh 3 cnh, c cnh. MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 9-11. Qu: Thng 12-2. PHN B: Cy mc vng ni cao Lo Cai, Lai Chu, Sn la, H Giang. Trng c nhiu ni. B PHN DNG: C, thu hoch vo ma thu. Ra sch, b ra, ri phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng nu vi nc u en, nhiu ln, n khi r c mu en, thi mng, phi kh. THNH PHN R cha rhaponticin (rhapontin, ponticin), acid HA HC: chrysophanic, emodin, physcion, rhein v acid polygonic. CNG DNG: B mu, chng vim. Cha thn suy, yu gan, thn kinh suy nhc, n ng km, st rt mn tnh, thiu mu, t sa, au lng, thp khp, di tinh, kh h, i tiu tin ra mu, mn nga. Ung lu ngy lm en ru tc, tr lu: liu dng ngy 12-20g dng thuc sc, ru thuc.
FIBRAUREA TINCTORIA Lour.

MENISPERMACEAE
HONG NG, hong lin nam, dy vng giang, khau khem (Ty), co lc khem
M T: Dy leo g, r v thn gi mu vng. L mc so le, nhn u, 3 gn chnh r. Cung l di phnh ra hai u. Hoa n tnh khc gc, mu vng lc nht, mc thnh chm trn thn gi rng l. Qu hnh tri xoan, khi chn mu vng, c mi hi, mt ht. MA HOA QU: Thng 5-8.
62
PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni. B PHN DNG: R v thn gi. Thu hi vo ma thu, phi hoc sy kh. Cn dng chit palmatin. THNH PHN R cha alcaloid : Palmatin, jatrorrhizin, HA HC: columbamin, berberin. CNG DNG: R c dng trong nhiu th vim nh au mt, mn nht, mn nga, vim rut, vim d dy, vim bng quang, kit l, st nng. Ngy 4-12g dng thuc sc. Cha vim tai c m : bt hong ng (20g), trn vi phn chua (10g), thi vo tai. Palmatin pha di dng nc lm thuc cha au mt.
FICUS PUMILA L. MORACEAE
TRU C, vy c, cm lnh, b l, cy xp, mc lin, sung thn ln,
M T:
Cy leo nh, mc p st trn thn cy g, hoc gia th khc nh r. Khi cy cn nh, l hnh vy c. cy trng thnh, cnh l mc vn di v mang hoa, qu. L mc so le, nhn. Cm hoa mc k l; hoa c mc gn nh cm hoa; hoa ci di. Qu phc mc ring l, nhn, mu tm nu khi chn. Thng 5-10. Cy mc hoang vng rng ni, trung du. Cn c trng lm cnh. Cnh l thu hi quanh nm. Qu thu hi vo ma thu, phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng, sao vng. Cht gm thu phn cho glucosa, fructosa, arabinosa, protein, nha m.
THNH PHN HA HC:
63
CNG DNG:
Thuc b mu, b ton thn, cha l lu ngy, tr, tc tia sa, di tinh, lit dng, kinh nguyt khng u, b i tiu tin, l nga, nht, au lng, nhc xng, thp khp. Ngy 8-16g cnh v l, dng thuc sc, cao, ru thuc; hoc 3-6g qu dng thuc sc, cao hoc lm mt.
FORTUNELLA JAPONICA (Thunb.) Swingle

RUTACEAE
M T: Cy bi, cao 1 - 3m. L mc so le, c cung
ngn, hnh tri xoan hay hnh trng, u hi t. Mt trn l xanh sm bng. Hoa mu trng, mc k l hoc u cnh. Qu hnh cu, khi chn mu da cam, v chua. Ton cy c tinh du thm.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3-12. PHN B: Cy c trng lm cnh, trang tr vo dp
tt nguyn n
B PHN DNG: Qu. Thu hoch vo u ma xun . Dng
ti.
THNH PHN HA L v qu cha tinh du. Dch qu c HC: ng, acid hu c CNG DNG: Cha ho, vim hng tr em: 8-12g qu trn
vi ng phn hoc mt ong, hp cm, ung 2-3 ln trong ngy. Ngi ln c th dng mt qut hoc qut ngm ng lm thnh sir (10-15ml mt ln).
GARDENIA JASMINOIDES Ellis

RUBIACEAE
64
DNH DNH, chi t, thu hong
M T: Cy bi, cao 1-2m. L mc i hay mc
vng 3 ci mt, nhn bng. L km to bao quanh thn. Hoa to, trng vng rt thm mc ring l u cnh. Qu hnh trng, c cnh li, v i tn ti, cha nhiu ht. Tht qu mu vng. Loi sn chi t (Gardenia stenophyllus Merr.) c dng nh hn, cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3-5; Qu : Thng 6-10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang nhng ni gn nc. Cn
c trng lm cnh.
B PHN DNG: L v qu. L thu hi quanh nm, dng ti.
Qu hi vo thng 8-10 khi chn gi, ngt b cung, ri phi hoc sy kh.
THNH PHN HA Trong l v qu cha glucosid (gardenosid, HC: gentiobiosid, geniposid, crocin), tanin, tinh
du, pectin, -sitosterol, D-mannitol, nonacosan.

CNG DNG: Thuc h nhit, tiu vim, li mt, li tiu;
cha st , vng da, chy mu cam, au hng, th huyt, i tin ra mu, b tiu tin, bng, mn l: ngy 6-12g qu dng sc, dng ring hoc phi hp vi nhn trn. Cha vt thng sng au, au mt : l ti gi p.
GOMPHANDRA TONKINENSIS Gapnep.

ICACINACEAE
M T: Cy bi, cao 2-4m; cnh non c lng mn.
R c nc. L mc so le, hnh mc, mp nguyn, mt di c nhiu lng mn. Cm hoa hnh ng kp, mc i din vi l; hoa nh, mu trng. Qu hnh thoi, i tn ti, c lng. Trnh nhm vi loi Polygala aureocauda Dunn. h Vin ch (Polygalaceae), c r c v cng gi l b
65
bo.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-9. PHN B: Cy mc hoang rng, ti mt s tnh min
ni..
B PHN DNG: R. Thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht vo ma
thu. o v, ra sch, thi mng, ngm nc vo go 24 gi, phi hoc sy kh.

CNG DNG: Thuc bi dng, kch thch n ngon, li
sa, nhun trng, li tiu: ngy dng 10-20g di dng thuc sc, ru thuc, tn bt hoc trn vi mt lm vin.
HEDYOTIS CAPITELLATA Wall. ex G.Don var. MOLLIS Pierre ex Pitard

RUBIACEAE
D CM, lot mm, t li, ngn ci, ngn ln, ch khu cm (Ty),
M T: Cy c, leo bng thn qun. Thn hnh tr,
phnh ra cc t. L mc i, mt trn lc sm, mt di nht. L km hnh si. Hoa trng hoc trng vng mc thnh xim tn k l hoc u cnh. Qu nh, cha nhiu ht. Ton cy c lng mn. Th thn mu tm c dng nhiu hn.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-7. PHN B: Cy mc ven rng, i... cc tnh trung du
v min ni.
B PHN DNG: Thn, cnh mang l. Thu hi quanh nm, tt
nht vo ma h, ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Ton cy cha alcaloid, saponin, tanin. HC: CNG DNG: Cha au lot d dy, chua. Ngy 20-40g,
dng thuc sc, bt, cao. Chia 2 ln ung lc u hoc trc ba n. Cao lng d cm trn mt ong bi cha l lot ming li. Cha vt thng, lm chng ln da non: l ti gi p.
66
HEMEROCALLIS FULVA L.
HEMEROCALLIDACEAE
HOA HIN, huyn tho, kim chm, hong hoa thi, phc chm (Ty),
M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm, c nhiu r c. L hnh di hp, mc xo ra hai bn. Hoa hnh loa kn, mu vng cam, 6-10 ci mc trn mt trc hoa phn nhnh. Qu hnh 3 cnh. Ht mu en bng. Thng 5-9. Cy nhp trng lm cnh. R c, l v hoa. R c v l thu hi quanh nm, phi hay sy kh. L dng ti. Hoa hi lc chm n, phi hoc sy nh n kh. Hoa cha protein, cht bo, ng kh, vitamin A,C, cc acid amin : adenin, cholin, arginin, ngoi ra cn c iodin. R c c asparagin. Cha st, vim i trng, l, ph thng, tiu tin kh, i ra si, sng v, chy mu, mu cam, nn ra mu, vim khp. Ngy dng 6-12g r hoc 30-50g hoa, sc hoc p ti ly nc ung. Dng ngoi, gi nt r hoc l ti p ln ch sng au.
SMILACAEAE
67
KHC KHC, dy kim cang, c cun, kim cang m, dy M T: Cy leo, thn gi ha g, khng gai. L
hnh trng, gc hi hnh tim, mc so le, c cung di, mang tua cun. Cm hoa hnh tn, mc k l, c cung di. Hoa mu hng hoc im chm gm hoa c v hoa ci ring bit. Qu hnh cu, ng knh 8-10mm, khi chn mu en , c 2-4 ht hnh trng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v
trung du.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi vo ma h. Phi hoc
sy kh.
THNH PHN R c cha saponin, tanin, cht nha. HA HC: CNG DNG: Chng vim, chng d ng. Cha thp
khp, au xng, au lng, au khp, mn nht, trng nhc, l nga, giang mai, ng c thu ngn. Ngy dung 1530g dng thuc sc, cao nc hoc thuc bt , vin.
HIBISCUS MUTABILIS L.
MALVACEAE
mc ph dung, boc ao M T: Cy bi hoc dng g nh, cao vi mt. Cnh non c lng. L mc so le, c cung di, 5 thu nng, mp kha rng, nhiu lng mt di. Gn l hnh chn vt. Hoa to, n hay kp, mc ring l k l hoc u cnh, mu trng sau chuyn mu hng. Qu hnh cu, c lng. Ht
68
hnh trng, c lng di. MA HOA QU: Thng 9-11. PHN B: Cy c trng lm cnh nhiu ni. B PHN L v hoa. L thu hi quanh nm. Hoa hi DNG: khi n. Dng ti. CNG DNG: Cha mn nht, inh ru : l v hoa kh tn nh, thm nc ch c, trn u, p, lm mn chng v m. Cn cha l nga, vim t cung, kh h, sng v, vim thn v bng quang, b tiu tin, nhim trng. Ngy 5-20g dng thuc sc ung.
HOLARRHENA ANTIDYSENTERICA (Roxb.)Wall. ex G. Don. APOCYNACEAE
trng, thng mc l to, sng
M T: Cy g, c th cao ti hn 10m; v thn
mu nu, c nt sn. Cnh non c lng. L hnh bu dc to, gn nh khng cung, mc i. Hoa mu trng, mc thnh xim ng k l hay u cnh. Qu gm hai i, di, mc cong vo nhau. Ht nhiu, mu nu, c tm lng mu trng u. Ton cy c nha m.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 4-5; Qu: Thng 6-9. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh. B PHN DNG: V cy. Thu hi hi vo thng 2-3. Phi
hoc sy kh. Cn dng ht.

THNH PHN HA Trong v thn c cha Alcaloid: conessin, HC: norconessin, conessimin, isoconessimin,
kurchin, conimin, conamin, conkurchin, holarrhin, holarrhimin. Cc cht khc: gm, nha, tanin, triterpen alcol, lupeol v -
69
sitosterol.
CNG DNG: Cha l amip. Liu dng 1 ngy: v cy kh
3-10g, hoc ht 3-6g, di dng bt, cn thuc hoc cao lng. Cn dng di dng alcaloid ton phn, hoc conessin. Dng ngoi v cy hoc l nu nc tm cha gh. V r gi ngm ru cng vi r ho bi gh.
HOMALONEMA OCCULTA (Lour.) Schott

ARACEAE.
thc, ry hng, bao kim, vt vo, vt hng (Ty), (Ba Na), ha hu ton (Dao). M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn r hnh tr, di, mt ct c x cng. L to, hnh mi tn, gc hnh tim, c b. Cm hoa hnh bng mo. Hoa c trn, hoa ci di; hoa khng c bao hoa. Qu mng, khi chn mu . Ton cy c tinh du thm, nht l thn r. MA HOA QU: Thng 4- 8. PHN B: Cy mc gn b sui, di tn rng m, c hu ht cc tnh min ni. B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo ma thu - ng. Co sch v ngoi, cht thnh on, phi hoc sy kh. Cn dng l ti. THNH PHN Thn r cha tinh du gm linalol l thnh HA HC: phn ch yu, - terpineol v linalyl acetat, sabinen, limonen, aldehyd propionic v acid acetic. CNG DNG: Cha thp khp, au nhc xng, t bi, au d dy, kh tiu, au bng kinh: ngy 6- 12g thn r dng thuc sc, ru thuc hoc cao. Dng ngoi, thn r ti ngm ru xao bp cha au nhc, hoc l ti gi p cha nht, h nng buc ln trn cha au u. Bt thn r tr su, nhy.
70
HOUTTUYNIA CORDATA Thunb.

SAURURACEAE.
thi, ng tinh tho, c mua ma (Dao), co vy mo (Thi), rau vn,
M T: Cy c, cao 20- 40cm. Thn mu lc hoc
ta. L mc so le, hnh tim, c b, khi v c mi tanh nh c. Hoa nh, mu trng hoc vng nht, hp thnh bng c 4 l bc mu trng nom nh mt chic hoa ring l. Ht hnh tri xoan nhn.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5- 7. PHN B: Cy mc trn t m trong thung lng, ven
sui, b mng. Phn b khp cc tnh min ni.

B PHN DNG: C cy, b r. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng
ti. C cy cha tinh du: methylnonyl ceton, myrcen, D-limonen, -pinen, p-cymen, THNH PHN HA linalol, geraniol; alcaloid: cordalin, flavon: HC: quercitrin, lipid, acid hexadecanoic, acid decanoic
CNG DNG: Cha li dom, si, au mt hoc mt
nhim khun m xanh, vim rut, kinh nguyt khng u. Ngy 6- 12g cy kh hoc 20- 40g cy ti, dng thuc sc hoc gi nt vt ly nc, lc ung. L ti gi p cha sng au, au mt. L cn c dng lm rau gia v.
HOVENIA DULCIS Thunb.

RHAMNACEAE.
71
KHNG KHNG, vn th, M T: Cy g nh, cao 7- 10m. Cnh non c lng
v nt sn. L mc so le, c cung di, 3 gn ta t gc l, mp kha rng nhn. Hoa mu lc nht mc thnh xim k l hoc u cnh. Qu hnh cu, khi chn nhng nhnh con mang qu phng to ln mu nu hng, v ngt, n c. Ht trn dt, mu en.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 6 -8; Qu: Thng 9-11. PHN B: Cy vn mc hoang nay c trng Cao
Bng, Lng Sn.

B PHN DNG: Qu v nhnh con mang qu. Thu hi khi
qu chn, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN Qu cha ng glucosa, fructosa, sucrosa HA HC: v mui kali nitrat, kali malat. CNG DNG: Thuc b, gii c, cha ng c ru, tiu
tin khng thng, c th gy yu, kht nc, kh c: ngy 3- 5g ngm ru ung.
HYDNOCARPUS ANTHELMINTICA Pierre

FLACOURTIACEAE
CHM BAO LN, i phong M T: Cy g, cao 8-10m hay hn. Cnh mc trng. L mc so le, l non mm, mng, mu hng, l gi dai, mu lc bng; mp l nguyn. Hoa mu hng, n tnh cng gc hoc tp tnh, mc thnh chm k l. Qu hnh cu, ng knh 5-8cm, cha nhiu ht c cnh, xp st nhau. MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 4- 6; Qu: Thng 7- 11. PHN B: Cy mc hoang mt s vng rng ni, cn c trng ly bng mt. B PHN DNG: Ht. Thu hi khi qu chn gi, tch ly ht, p du.
72
Nhn ht cha lipid 40 - 55%, 1 glucosid thy THNH PHN phn cho glucosa v acid cyanhydric; du mu HA HC: vng nu gm glycerid ca cc acid: chaulmoogric, hydnocarpic, gorlic. CNG DNG: Nhn ht chm bao ln cha mi , phong, gh l, giang mai v mt s bnh ngoi da khc. Ch yu dng bi ngoi dng thuc du, thuc m. C khi dng ung du nh ho di dng git, nhng thuc rt c, cn ht sc thn trng khi s dng.
ILLICIUM VERUM Hook.f.

ILLICIACEAE
HI, bt gic hi hng, i hi, hi sao, mc chc, mc M T: Cy g, cao 6- 10m. Cnh d gy, v nhn. L
thng t tp nhng mu, nom nh mc vng; phin l nguyn, dy, cng, nhn bng. Hoa mu hng, mc ring l k l. Qu cu to bi 8 i, c khi hn, xp thnh hnh sao, mi i c 1 ht. Ton cy, nht l qu c mi thm v v nng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 5- 6; Qu: Thng 7- 9. PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu Lng Sn v mt s
tnh min ni pha bc.

B PHN DNG: Qu chn. Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi kh
(trnh lm gy cnh). nguyn dng hoc ct ly tinh du. L thu hi quanh nm, dng ti.
:
Qu cha tinh du: 9- 10%, gm anethol: 8590%, -pinen, limonen, -phellandren, terpineol, farnesol v safrol. bng y trng, thp khp v lm thuc gy trung tin, li sa,cha ng c thc n. Ngy dng 1- 4g qu dng thuc bt hoc 4- 8g thuc sc. Dng ngoi qu ngm ru xoa bp cha au nhc xng, au khp. Tinh du hi cn dng pha ru.
CNG DNG: Dng cha au bng, n khng tiu, nn ma,
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IMPERATA CYLINDRICA P. Beauv. POACEAE
C TRANH, c tranh sng, bch mao, nh c (Thi), gan (Dao).
M T: Cy c, sng lu nm, cao 0,60 - 1,50m.
Thn nm ngang, gm nhiu t. Thn c lng cng. L hp, di, gn chnh to, rp mt trn, mp l sc. Cm hoa mu trng bc gm nhiu bng nh c lng t mn.
MA HOA QU: Gn nh quanh nm. PHN B: Cy mc khp ni. L loi c di kh dit
tr.
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo
ma thu, ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Thn r cha glucosa, fructosa, acid hu HC: c. CNG DNG: Cha i but, i dt, i ra mu, st nng.
Ngy 10- 40g di dng thuc sc. Phi hp vi ru ng, tc dng li tiu mnh.
JASMINUM SUBTRIPLINERVE Blume

OLEACEAE
74
VNG, ch vng, rm trng, rm
M T:
Dy leo nh. Cnh nhn. L mc i, 3 gn ta t gc; hai mt l nhn, bng. Cm hoa mc k l v u cnh, gm 23 hoa mu trng,thm. Qu mng, khi chn mu en. Theo nhn dn, mt s loi ch vng khc cng c dng. Trnh nhm vi cy l ngn (Gelsemium elegans Benth.) c l rt c. Hoa: Thng 3- 4; Qu: Thng 5- 6. Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni, trung du v c c ng bng. Cnh l, thu hi quanh nm; bm nh, phi hoc sy kh. L cha alcaloid, nha, flavonoid. C tc dng khng khun, chng vim, thuc b ng cho ph n . Tr nhim khun sau , vim hch bch huyt, vim t cung, vim tuyn sa, b kinh, kh h, thp khp, nhc xng, nga, l chc: ngy 20- 30g cnh l sc ung. L ti sc dng tm, ra hoc gi p.
KAEMPFERIA GALANGA L. ZINGIBERACEAE
A LIN, thin lin, sn ni, tam
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm; phn trn mt t
li vo ma ng hoc ma kh. Thn r gm nhiu c nh, hnh trng. L 2- 3 ci, mc hng nm vo ma ma; phin l rng, c b, mc st t, mt di c lng. Hoa
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trng, pha tm, khng cung, mc t k l. Ton cy, nht l thn r c mi thm, nng. Loi a lin l hp (K. angustifolia Roscoe) mc rng rng l, ti mt s tnh pha nam cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5- 7. PHN B: Cy mc hoang min ni v c trng
mt s a phng xut khu.

B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo ma thu, ng; phi
hoc sy kh. Thn r cha tinh du (2,4 3,9%), trong c p-methoxytranscinnamat ethyl, acid pTHNH PHN HA methoxytranscinnamic, acid transcinnamic, HC: p-methoxystyren, acid p-coumaric, npentadecan, 3-caren, borneol, camphen.
CNG DNG: Cha n ung khng tiu, ngc bng lnh
au, nhc u, cm st, au rng. Ngy 36g, dng thuc sc, thuc bt hoc vin. Thn r ngm ru 40 - 50 xoa bp cha b t thp, au nhc.
KALANCHOE PINNATA (Lam.) Pers.

CRASSULACEAE
THUC BNG, cy sng i, trng sinh, dip sinh cn, bt t, tu pa sung (Dao).. M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 40- 60cm.
Thn trn, nhn, c m ta. L mc i, nguyn hoc x 3 thu, t khi 5- 7; phin l dy, mng nc, c rng ca trn mp. Hoa mc thng xung, mu hoc vng cam t tp thnh xim trn mt cn di ngn thn. Qu gm 4 i.
MA HOA QU: Thng 1- 3 (5). PHN B: Cy thng mc trn , cc tnh ven bin
min Trung. Cn c trng khp ni.

B PHN DNG: L. Thu hi quanh nm. Thng dng ti. THNH PHN HA C cy cha bryophyllin, cc acid hu c:
76
HC: citric, isocitric, malic. CNG DNG: C tc dng khng khun, tiu vim. Dng
cha bng, vt thng, l lot, vim ty, au mt sng , chy mu, dng lm thuc gii c. Dng trong, ngy 20- 40g l ti, gi, thm nc v gn ung. Dng ngoi, ly l ti gi nh, p hoc ch thnh dng thuc m bi.
LACTUCA INDICA L.
ASTERACEAE
B CNG ANH, mi mc, dip di, rau bao, phc bao (Ty), ly my
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 0,5 - 1m. L mc so le, khng cung, x thu hp v su, mp kha rng; l ngn t xe. Hoa nh mu vng, hnh u. Qu b, c tm lng. Loi Taraxacum officinale Wigg. cng gi l b cng anh v cng c dng. Thng 6- 8. Cy mc hoang khp ni, trn cc bi trng v rung b hoang Ton cy, tr r. Thu hi vo u ma h, khi cy cha c hoa. Loi b l xu, l gi vng a. Dng ti hoc phi nng, sy nh n kh. C tc dng chng vim, dng trong trng hp sng v, tc tia sa, mn nht, inh ru, p xe. Cn cha au d dy, km tiu. Ngy dng 8- 20g, dng thuc sc, cao, siro. Phi hp vi nhiu v thuc khc. Dng ngoi, l ti gi nt, p.
CNG DNG:
77
LEONURUS ARTEMISIA (Lour.) S.Y.Hu

LAMIACEAE
CH MU, cy chi n, sung u, ch linh lo (Thi), lm ngi (Ty).
M T:
Cy c, sng 1 nm, cao 0,5 - 1m, c khi hn ( cy trng). Thn vung. L mc i, l gc gn hnh trn, kha rng trn, cung di; l gia, thn x thu khng u, kha rng nhn; l ngn ngn, t x hoc nguyn. Hoa mu trng hoc hng mc t tp k l. Qu b, nhn. Hoa: Thng 3- 5; Qu: Thng 6- 7. Cy mc hoang v c trng nhiu ni. Phn thn v cnh mang l, khi cha c hoa. Thu hi vo ma h. Phi hoc sy nh n kh. C cy cha flavonoid (rutin), leucoanthocyan-glucosid, steroid, alcaloid, cholin, cc acid amin v tanin. Cha kinh nguyt b tc, au bng kinh, kinh nguyt qu nhiu, mu tch t sau khi , huyt p cao, vi th bnh v tim. Ngy 8- 16g dng thuc sc, thuc cao hoc thuc vin.
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
PREMNA INTEGRIFOLIA Roxb.

VERBENACEAE
78
VNG CCH, cy cch, cch ni.
M T: Cy bi, cao 3-7m. Cnh non c cnh, cnh
gi i khi c gai. L mc i, mp nguyn hoc kha rng rt nh gn u l, mt trn nhn bng, mt di rt nht. Cm hoa hnh ng mc ngn gm nhiu hoa mu trng hoc hi xanh lc. Qu hch, mu en, hnh cu hoc hnh trng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5-8. PHN B: Cy mc cc tnh ven bin; cng c ni
trng ly l lm rau gia v.

B PHN DNG: L v r. Thu hi quanh nm. Phi hoc sy
kh.
THNH PHN HA V thn cha alcaloid premnin, ganiarin. R HC: cha tinh du. CNG DNG: Cha st, au bng, a chy, kit l, b tiu
tin, y bng, kh tiu, thp khp. Cn lm thuc li sa, thng tiu: ngy dng 30-50g l ti gi nh, p ly nc ung, hoc 1015g r hay l kh sc ung.
PRUNELLA VULGARIS L.
LAMIACEAE
M T: Cy c, sng mt nm hay nhiu nm, cao
20-30cm. Thn vung, mu tm , c lng. L mc i, mp nguyn hoc hi kha rng. Hoa nh, mu tm nht, t tp thnh bng xim co u cnh, c hai dng, hoa ci nh, hoa lng tnh to. Qu b nh, cng, c 4 . Trnh nhm vi cy ci tri hay cn gi l h kh tho nam (Blumea subcapitata DC., h Cc- Asteraceae).
MA HOA QU: Thng 4-6. PHN B: Cy mc trn t m, gn b sui vng
ni cao, thuc cc tnh min ni pha bc.

B PHN DNG: C cy, tr r. Thu hi khi cy ang c hoa.
Phi hoc sy nh n kh.
79
THNH PHN HA C cy cha D- fenchon, acid ursolic. HC: CNG DNG: Khng khun. Cha sng v, lao hch,
bu c, au nhc mt, vim t cung, huyt p cao, vim thn kinh da, vim gan, mn nht, nga l, hc lo, tiu tin t, kh h: ngy 8-16g, dng thuc sc. Cy ti gi p cha vt thng.
PRUNUS PERSICA (L.) Batsch

ROSACEAE
O, my phng (Ty), kn m
M T: Cy g nh, cao 3-4m. L mc so le, phin
thun di, mp kha rng. Hoa mu hng, mc ring l k l. Qu hch, c mt rnh bn r, ph lng t mn, khi chn hi c mu . Ht cng, mu nu.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 1-3. Qu: Thng 4-8. PHN B: Cy trng nhiu vng ni cao ly qu n,
l v ht lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: Ht v l. Ht th hoch vo mu thu, p
v v, ly nhn, phi hoc sy kh. L thu hi quanh nm, dng ti.

THNH PHN HA Qu cha cc acid: ascorbic, citric, oxalic; HC: vitamin A, thiamin. Ht: Du bo, glucosid
amygdalin. L: Quercitrin, kaempferol, acid cafeic v acid p-coumaric.

CNG DNG: Nhn ht cha ho, kinh nguyt b, bm
mu, ng gip, cm mu sau , ngy 612g sc ung. L o ti nu nc tm hoc gi p cha gh, nga l. Hoa o cha b tiu tin, to bn, ngy 3-5g sc, hm. Ph n c thai khng dng. L o c, dng thn trng.
80
PUERARIA THOMSONII Benth.

FABACEAE
SN DY, bch ct, bn mm ko
M T:
Dy leo, sng nhiu nm, c th di ti 10m v thng li vo ma ng. R c di, to, mu lc vng nht. L kp, mc so le gm 3 l cht nguyn hoc x thu. Cm hoa hnh chm mc k l gm nhiu hoa mu xanh tm, thm. Qu gip dt, c lng mm, tht li gia cc ht. Hoa: Thng 9-10. Qu: Thng 11-12. Cy c trng khp ni. R c. Thu hoch vo ma ng, xun. Thi lt, xng dim sinh, phi hoc sy kh. C th mi ly bt dng. R c cha isoflavon: puerarin, daidzin, daidzein, tinh bt. L c cc acid amin: asparagin, adenin. Cha cm st, nhc u, kht nc, mn nht: ngy 10-15g r sc ung hoc 5-10g bt sn dy pha nc ung vi ng.
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
PUNICA GRANATUM L. PUNICACEAE
81
M T: Cy bi, cao 2-3m, v thn mu xm. L
mc i hoc so le, c khi thnh tng cm, cung ngn. Hoa ti mc u cnh. Qu mng, hnh cu, ng knh 5-8cm, c i tn ti, khi chn mu vng, m nu. Ht nhiu, o ht (cm) n c.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 4-5. Qu: Thng 6-10. PHN B: Cy trng ly qu n, lm cnh v lm
thuc.
B PHN DNG: V r, v thn. Thu hi vo ma thu, phi
hoc sy kh. V thu hi vo thng 5-6. Dng ti hoc phi, sy kh.

THNH PHN HA V r, v thn cha pelletierin, isopelletierin, HC: pseudo-pelletierin, methyl-pelletierin. V
qu: Tanin. Dch qu c acid citric, acid malic, ng glucosa, fructosa, maltosa.
CNG DNG: Cha sn dy: ngy 20-50g v r hoc v
thn kh, dng thuc sc, hoc 0,30g pelletierin phi hp vi 0,40g tanin chia thnh 3 ln ung. Cha kit l, a chy: ngy 15-20g v qu, dng thuc sc. Thuc c c, dng thn trng. Khng dng cho tr em, ph n c thai.
QUISQUALIS INDICA L.
COMBRETACEAE
S QUN, qu giun, dy giun, qu nc, my lng cng, mc gio
M T: Cy bi, c cnh vn di. L mc i, hnh
trng, gc l trn hay hi hnh tim, u nhn. Hoa c ng trng di, mu trng sau khi chuyn dn thnh mu hng, mc thnh bng u cnh v k l. Qu hnh thoi, c 5 cnh li, mu nu sm.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3-6. Qu: Thng 7-9. PHN B: Cy mc ven rng, i, cc tnh min
ni v c trng lm cnh.
82
B PHN DNG: Nhn ca qu. Thu hi qu vo thng 8-9,
phi kh. Khi dng p b v ly nhn, ct b hai u v bc mng, sao vng.

THNH PHN HA Nhn qu cha cht du thnh phn gm HC: acid myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic,
mui kali ca acid quisqualic, trigonellin, phytosterol. Hoa cha cyanidin monoglucosid.
CNG DNG: Thuc ty giun a. Mi ngy ngi ln
ung 10-20g nhn qu bc mng ( khi b nc); tr em tu tui t 4-8g, tn bt. Sau 3 gi, ung thuc ty mui. R cha thp khp, ngy 12-20g sc ung. Qu p nt, sc ly nc c ngm cha au rng.
RAUVOLFIA CAMBODIANA Pierre ex Pitard

APOCYNACEAE
BA GC, ba gc l to, h rc, ka
M T: Cy bi, cao 0,5-1,5m; v dy c nt sn. L mc
vng 3, phin thun, mp nguyn. Cm hoa hnh xim, u cnh hay k l; hoa hnh ng mu hng tm, cnh hoa mu trng. Qu i, khi chn mu tm en, c nhiu chm nh mu xm. Ton cy c nha m. Cc loi Rauvolfia indosinesis M. Pichon, R. serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz, R. tetraphylla L., T. verticillata (Lour.) Baill., R. vomitora Afzel. ex Spreng cng gi l ba gc v c dng.
MA HOA QU: Gn nh quanh nm. PHN B: Cy mc ven rng, nng ry; cc tnh pha
nam: Qung Nam, Qung Ngi, Ph Yn, Bnh nh v Ty Nguyn..

B PHN DNG: V r. Thu hoch r quanh nm, tt nht vo
ma thu ng, ra sch, bc ly v, phi hay sy kh. Ch bo v lp v v v cha nhiu loi hot cht.
THNH PHN HA Alcaloid ton phn trong v r l 2,64%, c HC: reserpin, ajmalin. Cc loi khc c thm
serpentin, reserpinin, ajmalicin, rauvomitin (R.vomitoria), canescin (R. canescens).

CNG DNG: Cha huyt p cao. Dng dng cao cn 1,5%
hoc vin 2mg alcaloid ton phn. Mi ln 10-15
83
git hoc 1 vin. Ngy 2-3 ln. Ung lin 2-4 tun, ngh 2-4 tun ri tip t khc, nu cn. Ch : Cy thuc ny c xp vo din qu him Vit Nam, cn bo v.
REHMANNIA GLUTINOSA Libosch.

SCROPHULARIACEAE
M T: Cy c, cao 20-30cm, sng nhiu nm, thng li vo ma ng. R mp thnh c. L hnh bu dc, gc thun, u trn, mc tp trung thnh hnh hoa th, mp kha rng trn khng u; gn l hnh mng li ni rt r mt di lm cho l nh b rp. Hoa hnh ng, mu tm , mc thnh chm trn mt cung chung di. Qu nang, nhiu ht. Ton cy c lng mm. MA HOA QU: Thng 4-7. PHN B: Cy nhp trng cc tnh trung du v ng bng Bc B. B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi khi cy trng c c 7-8 thng. Phi kh. Dng sng hoc ch thnh thc a. THNH PHN HA R c cha cc cht mannit, glucosa, glucosid HC: rehmanin v caroten. CNG DNG: B, li tiu. Cha i tho ng, c th suy nhc, thiu mu, lao phi, chy mu cam, bng huyt, a kinh, ng thai, chy mu bn trong, vim thn mn tnh, vim hng, pht ban, l. Cng dng gii c, lm mnh tim, cha mt ng. Ngy 8-16g dng thuc sc, cao.
RHODOMYRTUS TOMENTOSA (Ait.) Hassk.

MYRTACEAE
84
SIM, hng sim, dng l, o kim nng, co nim (Thi), mc M T: Cy bi, cao 1-3m, phn cnh nhiu. Cnh
non c cnh, nhiu lng mm sau hnh tr nhn. L hnh trng thun, mc i, phin dy, c 3 gn chnh, mt di c lng t. Hoa mu hng tm mc ring l hoc tp trung 2-3 ci k l. Qu mng, khi chn mu tm sm, n c. Ht nh, nhiu.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 4 - 6; Qu: Thng 7 - 8. PHN B: Mc cc vng i hoc nng ry b
hoang, khp cc tnh vng ni thp v trung du.

B PHN DNG: Bp non, l, n hoa, qu chn. Bp thu hi
vo ma xun. N hoa, qu vo ma h. Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA C cy cha tanin. Qu c protein, cht bo, HC: glucid, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin v acid
nicotinic.
CNG DNG: Cha au bng, a chy, l, ung nht, cm
mu: dng bp non hoc n hoa, ngy 1030 bp hoc n ti nhai nut nc, hoc kh tn bt, sc ung. Nc sc c l hoc bp dng ra vt thng, chc l v bng. Cng dng qu chn phi hp t mc lm thuc cha bnh ng rut.
RICINUS COMMUNIS L.
EUPHORBIACEAE
THU DU, t ma, u ta, co hng hm ( Thi), du ve, slng eng (Ty), m pung s (Dao).
M T: Cy nh, cao 1-5m. Thn rng. L mc so
le, c cung di, chia 5-7 thy, mp kha rng. Cnh v l non ph phn trng. Hoa nh, mc thnh chm xim, hoa c di, hoa ci trn. Qu nang c gai mm, cha 3 ht hnh trng hi dt, mu nu, bng, c vn.
85
MA HOA QU: Thng 5 - 8. PHN B: Cy c trng ch yu vng bi sng,
ly ht p du.
B PHN DNG: Ht. Thu hoch vo thng 4-5, khi qu
gi. Phi kh. Cn dng l.

THNH PHN HA Ht cha du bo gm cc glycerid nh HC: stearin, palmitin; mt glycerid c bit l
ricinolein thy phn cho acid ricinoleic; cht protein c l ricin v alcaloid ricinin.
CNG DNG: Du ht dng nhun trng, liu 2-5ml,
ty liu 20-30ml. Ht gi p vo bn b lit cha mo ming, xch mt. Ht (15 ht) v l thu du ta gi nh p vo gan bn chn cha st rau, kh. Sau khi thai, rau ra ri cn ra sch chn.
ROSA LAEVIGATA Michx.

ROSACEAE
KIM ANH, mc nam coi (Ty), M T: Cy nh, mc da, thnh bi. Thn cnh c
gai. L kp gm 3 l cht, mp kha rng nhn, c l km nh. Hoa to, mu trng, mc ring l u cnh. Qu gi ( hoa), hnh trng, c gai v i cn li, khi chn mu vng nu. Ht (qu tht) nhiu, dt.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3 - 6; Qu: Thng 7 - 9. PHN B: Cy mc vng i cy bi, chn ni
vi, tnh Cao Bng v Lng Sn.

B PHN DNG: Qu. Thu hi vo ma thu. Cho vo bao ti,
ly gy p cho gy ht gai; b i, no ht ht v lng trng trong. Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA Qu cha acid citric, acid malic, tanin, HC: vitamin C, glucosid, saponin. CNG DNG: Kim anh l thuc bi dng, ngun cung
cp vitamin C, cha di tinh, hot tinh, kh h, i sn, i dt, t l lu ngy, chy mu,
86
suy nhc thn kinh. Ngy dng 6 - 12g dng thuc sc, thuc bt, vin, cao hoc mt ng.
RUMEX CHINENSIS Campd.

POLYGONACEAE
CHT CHT, li b, dng , th a hong, phc ct ngn (Thi), mc sy (Ty). M T: Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 30-50cm. R mp, mu nu. Thn c kha dc. L mc so le, mp un ln. L gc to v rng, cung di; l gia v l ngn hp, gn nh khng cung. Hoa mu vng lc mc thnh xim ngn cnh. Qu nh, nhn u, c 3 cnh bao bc bi 3 l i, dy. MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3 - 4; Qu: Thng 4- 6. PHN B: Cy mc trn t m gn nc, hoc t ngp nc tm thi; khp ni. B PHN DNG: R v l. R thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht vo ma thu ng, ra sch, ct b r con, thi mng, phi hoc sy kh. L thu hi vo ma xun, h, dng ngoi ti, dng trong phi kh. THNH PHN R v l c anthraglucosid 3,0- 3,4%, trong HA HC: dng t do 0,47% v dng kt hp 2,54%; tanin, nha. CNG DNG: Cha to bn. Ngy 1- 3g r sc hoc tn bt ung; liu 4- 10g dng lm thuc ty. Dng ngoi cha huyt sng au, trng c, hc lo, l nga, chc u, m h nga: r hoc l ti gi nt ho vi gim hoc ngm ru, bi.
[
SAUROPUS ANDROGYNUS (L.) Merr.
EUPHORBIACEAE M T: Cy bi nh, phn cnh nhiu, cao 0,8- 1,5m. Thn trn, nhn. L mc so le, hnh trng, gc
87
RAU NGT, b ngt, phc t (Thi), phc bn (Ty), hc din thn, chm ngt.
trn, u nhn, cung rt ngn. L km nh. Hoa c v hoa ci cng mt cy, mu vng lc. Qu nang, hnh cu, mu trng, khi chn nt lm 3 mnh. MA HOA QU: Thng 9 - 11. PHN B: Cy c trng khp ni ly l lm rau n. B PHN DNG: L v r. Thu hi nhng cy 2 nm tr ln. Hi l ti v dng ngay. THNH PHN L cha acid amin: lysin, methionin, HA HC: tryptophan, phenylalanin, threonin, valin, leucin, isoleucin; acid nicotinic, vitamin C, caroten. CNG DNG: Cha st rau: 40g l, r ti gi nt, thm nc gn, chia ung 2 ln, cch nhau 10 pht. Cha ta li tr em: L ti gi nt p ly nc, ha mt ong nh ln li, li, vm ming. L cn cha ban, si, vim phi, b tiu tin. R c tc dng li tiu, thng huyt
88
SCHEFFLERA HEPTAPHYLLA (L) Frodin ARALIACEAE
NG GIA B CHN CHIM, cy ng, l lng, my tng (Ty), co tan (Thi), tng t, xi t rt (Kho),
M T: Cy g, cao ti hn 10m. L kp chn vt,
gm 6- 8 l cht, mc so le, cung c b. V thn v l c mi thm. Cm hoa chm t tn, mc k l hay u cnh; hoa nh, mu trng. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu tm en.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 12-1; Qu: Thng 2-5. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v hi
o ln.
B PHN DNG: V r, v thn. Thu hi vo ma thu. cho
thm, phi trong bng rm,ni thong gi ti kh.

THNH PHN HA Trong v c saponin triterpen khi thu phn HC: cho acid oleanolic. CNG DNG: B, chng vim, li tiu; cha phong thp,
au lng, nhc xng, t bi, tr nh km, vim, nga m h, lit dng, tiu ho km, ci xng tr em, ph thng, b tiu tin, l nga. Ngy dng 10- 20g v thn hoc 612g v r di dng thuc sc hoc ru thuc. L non lm rau n, c tc dng tiu ho tt.
SCOPARIA DULCIS L.
SCROPHULARIACEAE
89
CAM THO T, cam tho nam, d cam tho, d kham (Ty), trm
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 40- 70cm; phn cnh i xng, cnh non vung. L mc vng 3 hay i, mp kha rng. Hoa nh mu trng, mc tp trung k l. Qu nang nh, hnh cu, nhiu ht nh. Thng 5 - 7. Cy mc trn t m, rung hoang, ven ng hoc bi sng... khp cc a phng. Ton cy, c r. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma h, ra sch. Dng ti hay phi, sy kh. R cha alcaloid, cht ng, amellin. H nhit, chng vim, li tiu; cha cm, st, nng nhiu, ho, vim hng, pht ban, si, mn nht, l nga, say sn gii c c th, kinh nguyt qu nhiu. Liu dng ngy 8- 12g dc liu kh hoc 20- 40g cy ti, dng thuc sc. Nu ho khan, dng ti.
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG:
SCROPHULARIA NINGPOENSIS Hemsl.

SCROPHULARIACEAE
M T:
Cy bi, cao 1,5-2m. C th li hng nm vo ma ng. Thn vung, mu lc, c rnh dc. L mc i, u nhn, mp kha rng. Hoa mu vng nu mc thnh chm ngn ngn thn v k l u cnh. Qu v ht mu en. Thng 6 - 10. Cy nhp trng, pht trin tt ng
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
90
bng, trung du v min ni cao.

B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC: CNG DNG:
R. Thu hoch vo ma thu. Ra sch, 5-10 ngy n khi rut c mu en. R cha scrophularin, asparagin, phytosterol, tinh du, acid bo v ng. Thuc gii nhit, tiu vim, khng khun, dng khi st nng v chiu, pht ban, ming li kh kht, to bn, mn nga, mn nht, vim hng, l ming, vim amidan: ngy dng 6-12g dng thuc sc hoc vin.
SIEGESBECKIA ORIENTALIS L.
ASTERACEAE
HY THIM, c , c b a, ch cy(Ty), co bong bo ( Thi).
M T: Cy c, sng hng nm, cao 30- 60cm.
Thn v cnh v c lng. L mc i, hnh gn tam gic n hnh thoi, mp c rng ca th, 3 gn chnh t gc. Hoa hnh u, mu vng, mc k l hoc u cnh. L bc c lng dnh. Qu b, hnh trng, nhn, mu en.
MA HOA QU: Thng 3 - 10. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni, thng
gp trn t m, bi sng, rung ng.

B PHN DNG: Thn, cnh mang l. Thu hi trc khi cy
c hoa. Phi hoc sy nh n kh.

THNH PHN HA C cy cha cht ng, tinh du, darutin, HC: diterpen. CNG DNG: Chng vim. Cha thp khp, t bi na
ngi, au nhc xng khp, lng gi au, mn nht, l nga, rn cn, kinh nguyt khng u: ngy dng 10- 15g dng thuc sc, cao lng hoc hon, tn. Dng ngoi, l gi p cha mn nht, l nga, ong t,
91
rn cn.
SMILAX GLABRA Roxb.

SMILACACEAE
TH PHC LINH, khc khc, khau u (Ty), drng l (Chu m), t pt (Kho), li (Kdong), mt hoi
M T: Dy leo, di 4- 5m. Thn r (c) nc; v nu.
Cnh khng gai. L mc so le, hnh bu dc thun, u nhn, 3 gn hnh cung. Cung l mang 2 tua cun nh do l km bin thnh. Hoa nh, mu lc vng nht, mc thnh tn n k l. Qu mng, hnh cu, gn nh 3 cnh, khi chn mu en. Cy dy kim cang (Heterosmilax erythrantha Baill.) cng c dng thay th.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 5 - 7; Qu: Thng 8 - 12. PHN B: Cy mc ri rc cc tnh min ni v trung
du.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma
thu, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA R c cha -sitosterol, stigmasterol, HC: saponin. CNG DNG: Thuc chng vim, chng d ng, li tiu,
lm ra m hi, gii c c th, tr l nga, mn nht, vim ty, vy nn, t a, thp khp, au nhc xng, lao hch, giang mai, ng c thy ngn. Ngy 15- 30g dng thuc sc, cao nc hoc hon tn. Thng dng phi hp vi cc v thuc khc.
SOLANUM HAINANENSE Hance.

SOLANACEAE
92
C GAI LEO, c qunh, c gai dy, c qunh , c vnh, ch nan (Ty), brongoon (Ba Na). M T:
Cy bi, nhiu gai, mc da hay b. L mc so le, x thy khng u, mt trn c gai, mt di ph lng mm hnh sao. Cm hoa hnh xim, k l, gm 25 hoa mu tm nht. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu . Ht hnh thn dt, mu vng. Trnh nhm vi loi Solanum thorelli Bonat. Hoa: Thng 4 - 6; Qu: Thng 7 - 9. Cy mc ln trong cc lm bi ven lng, bi hoang; cc tnh ng bng v trung du. C cy v r thu hi quanh nm, ra sch, ct thnh on; phi hay sy kh. Ton cy, nht l r, cha saponin steroid. Khi thy phn cho diosgenin, solasodinon, solasodin, flavonoid. Tc dng chng vim, chng d ng v chng x ha. Dng cha cm cm, bnh d ng, ho g, au lng, au nhc xng, thp khp, rn cn: ngy 1620g r hoc 30- 40g thn l dng thuc sc, cao lng hoc vin. Cao lng dng ngm cha vim li, vim quanh rng.
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
SOLANUM VERBASCIFOLIUM L.
SOLANACEAE
NGOI, c hi, c lng, la rng, ph hc (Ty), co s lang (Thi), toong
M T:
Cy bi, cao 1-3m, thn v cnh non c lng mu vng nht. L mc so le, c cung, mp nguyn v c lng c hai mt. Cm hoa hnh xim, mc u cnh hay k l, hoa mu trng. Qu mng, hnh cu, khi chn mu vng. Nhiu ht.
93
Hoa: Thng 3-6; Qu: Thng 7-10. Cy mc hoang min ni v trung du. L thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti. L cha tinh du, saponin v cc alcaloid: solanin, solasodin. Cha tr, lao hch: Ly l ti, gi nt, sao nng, p vo ch tr ra sch hoc ch hch, bng li. Nn p thuc vo bui ti. Cha hc lo, gh l: Nc p c t l ti gi nt, dng bi. Cha sn tru b: L nu nc cho ung.
SOPHORA JAPONICA L.
FABACEAE
HO, he hoa, he m, li lung
M T: Cy g nh, cao 5-7m, c khi hn. Thn cnh
lun c mu lc, nhn. L kp lng chim l, mc so le, gm 13-17 l cht, mt di hi c lng. Hoa nh, mu vng lc nht, mc thnh chm u cnh. Qu u, nhn, tht li gia cc ht, u c mi nhn di. Ht hi dt, mu nu vng bng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 5 - 8; Qu: Thng 9 - 11. PHN B: Cy c trng nhiu ni, nht l Thi Bnh,
Ngh An, Ninh Bnh...

B PHN DNG: N hoa v qu. N hoa ( khng dng loi hoa
n) thu hoch vo thng 5 - 8.

THNH PHN HA N hoa v qu cha rutin: 8-30%( n hoa), HC: sophoraflavonolosid, sophoricosid,
sophorabiosid, D-maackiain glucosid v DLmaackiain. L c alcaloid cytisin. Ht c du bo, nhiu acid linoleic, protein v cht nhy.
CNG DNG: Thuc h huyt p v lm bn vng thnh
mch. Thng dng cha huyt p cao, phng nga t mch mu no, chy mu cam, ho ra mu, bng huyt, tr ra mu: ngy dng 0,5-3g dng bt hoc vin, 8-16g thuc
94
hm hay sc.
STEMONA TUBEROSA Lour.

STEMONACEAE
BACH B, dy ba mi, sam (Hmng), h linh (Kho), dy M T: Dy leo thn c, sng nhiu nm, c th di
ti 5-6m. R c nhiu, nc. L mc i hay so le, phin l hnh tim, gn chnh hnh cung, nhiu gn ngang nh. Hoa mc k l, mu ta, c mi hi. Qu nang, nhiu ht.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3 - 5; Qu: Thng 6 - 8. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v trung
du.
B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht vo
ma thu, ra sch, ct b hai u, em va chn hay nhng nc si. Loi nh nguyn, loi to b dc i, phi nng hay sy nhit 50- 60C n kh.
THNH PHN HA R cha cc alcaloid stemonin, HC: tuberstemonin, isotuberostemonin,
stemonidin, sinostemonin; glucid 2,3%; lipid 0,83%; protid 9,0%; acid hu c (citric, formic, malic, succinic).
CNG DNG: Tc dng khng khun, long m. Cha ho,
ty giun a, giun kim: ngy 4-12g, dng thuc sc, cao, bt, vin. Ung lin 4- 6 ngy. Dng ngoi sc ly nc ra hoc nu cao bi cha l gh. Cn c tc dng dit cn trng, b gy, chy rn.
STEPHANIA SPP.
MENISPERMACEAE
95
BNH VI, c mt, dy mi khu (Thi), ca g p, t lng M T: Dy leo, di 2-6m. R phnh to thnh c nc,
c khi nng ti 50kg. L mc so le, c cung di, phin mng hnh khin hoc tam gic gn trn. Hoa n tnh, khc gc, mu vng cam t tp thnh tn kp. Qu hnh cu dt, khi chn mu . Mt ht, hnh mng nga, c gai. Nhiu loi c r c mang tn bnh vi nh Stephania brachyandra Diels; S. Cambodica Gagnef...; S. cepharantha Hayata; S.glabra Lour; S. sinica Diels; S. kwangsiemsis Lour...u c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 2 - 6. PHN B: Cy mc ch yu vng ni vi. B PHN DNG: R c. Thu hoch quanh nm, nhng tt nht
vo ma thu, ng. Co b v en, thi mng, phi hay sy kh. Cn l nguyn liu chit L.tetrahydro palmatin.
THNH PHN HA R c cha alcaloid vi hm lng rt khc HC: nhau t vt n 2,5% trong tng loi. Cc
alcoloid l L-tetrahydropalmatin, stepharin, roemerin, cycleanin.

CNG DNG: Thuc an thn, gy ng, cha nhc u, st
nng, au d dy, ho hen. Ngy 3- 6g, dng bt hoc ru thuc. Hot cht Ltetrahydropalmatin dng cha suy nhc v ri lon tm thn. Ngy 1-3 vin (mi vin: 50mg).
STREPTOCAULON JUVENTAS (Lour.) Merr. ASCLEPIADACEAE
H TH TRNG, dy sng b, khau cn c (Ty), cha ma sn (Thi), dy mc, x p (Dao).
M T: Dy leo bng thn qun. Thn mu nu, c
lng. R c di, nc. L mc i, hnh trng ngc, nhiu lng. Hoa nh, mu vng nu, mc thnh xim k l. Qu hai i, mc choi
96
ra. Ht nh, c mo lng. Ton cy c nha m v c lng dy.

MA HOA QU: Thng 7 - 12. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v trung
du.
B PHN DNG: R c, thu hi quanh nm, tt nht vo ma
thu. Ra sch, b ra, nu vi nc u en ri thi lt, phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA S b thy c tinh bt, alcaloid trong r. HC: CNG DNG: Thuc b, cha thiu mu, suy gan thn, n
ng km, t sa, thn kinh suy nhc, st rt mn tnh, thp khp, nhc xng, t bi, kinh nguyt khng u, kh h, a ra mu, mn nga, rn cn. Ung lu lm en ru tc, tr lu. Liu dng ngy 12 - 20g dng thuc sc, cao, ru thuc.
STROBILANTHES CUSIA (Nees) Kuntze

ACANTHACEAE
chm l to, m lam, thanh i, my t (Ty), co sm (Thi), M T: Cy bi nh, cao 50-70cm. Thn nhn, phnh
cc mu. L hnh bu dc, mm thun, mc i, mp kha rng. Hoa c trng hi cong, mu lam tm hoc tm hng mc thnh bng t hoa k l. Qu rang, nhn, hp v di.
MA HOA QU: Thng 12 - 2. PHN B: Vn mc hoang di, hin ch yu c trng
vng ni cao.
B PHN DNG: L, thu hi vo ma thu, trc khi cy ra hoa,
phi trong rm n kh. Cch ch bt chm: L ti ngm nc sch 30C trong 12 gi cho ln men. Lc. Kim ho bng vi v khuy lin tc 4-6 gi. Lc gn ly bt chm, p kit nc, thi thnh ming, phi trong mt n kh. Bt chm tt phi cha 60-70% indigotin.
97
THNH PHN HA Glucosid indican, thy phn cho glucosa v HC: indoxyl. Indoxyl oxy ho cho indigotin mu lam. CNG DNG: Khng ni tit sinh dc n, gy co bp t cung.
Cha rong kinh, rong huyt, st, vim hng, vim li. Ngy 4- 6g l dng thuc sc. Vi liu cao, c th gy sy thai khi thai cn t thng. Dng ngoi, cao c bi cha chm m tr em, chc u.
STROPHANTHUS DIVARICATUS (Lour.) Hook. et Arn. APOCYNACEAE
SNG D, sng b, dng gic o, dy vi voi, coc b (Ty). M T: Cy bi, c cnh vn di 3- 4m. V c nhiu nt
sn. L mc i, c cung ngn, Cm hoa hnh xim u cnh. Hoa mu vng, cnh hoa ko di thnh hnh si. Qu nang, gm 2 i nhn u, dnh nhau gc. Ht nhiu, mu nu, c cn mang chm lng mn. Ton cy c nha m.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 6 - 7; Qu: Thng 8 - 12. PHN B: Cy mc vng i ni v cc trng cy bi ven
bin.
B PHN DNG: Ht. Thu hi qu vo thng 11-12. Ly ht, b
chm lng, phi hoc sy kh. L nguyn liu chit xut D. strophantin.
THNH PHN HA Ht cha cc glucosid: divaricosid, thy phn cho HC: genin l sarmentogenin v phn ng l L-
oleandrosa; divostrosid, caudosid, sinosid

CNG DNG: D.Strophantin l hn hp glucosid dng cha suy
tim cp v mn tnh, trng hp suy tim khng chu tc dng ca thuc loi Digitalis. Ngy 1- 2 ng tim, mi ng 2ml c 0,25mg D.Strophantin. Tim dung dch nguyn hoc pha long trong dung dch tim glucosa, tim tht chm vo tnh mch.
98
STRYCHNOS NUXVOMICA L.
LOGANIACEAE
M TIN, c chi, mc chn s M T: Cy g, cao ti hn 10m, cnh non c gai. L
mc i, mt trn xanh bng, 5 gn hnh cung. Cm hoa hnh ng, mc u cnh. Hoa nh, hnh ng, mu vng nht. Qu tht, hnh cu, ng knh 3-5cm, khi chn mu vng cam. Ht hnh a dt, mt mt hi lm, c lng mu xm bc.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3 - 4; Qu: Thng 5 - 8. PHN B: Cy mc mt s tnh min ni pha nam. B PHN DNG: Ht. Thu hi qu gi vo ma thu. Tch qu ly
ht, ngm nc go 1 ngy, 1 m. Co v ngoi, b mm. Thi mng. Tm du vng 1 ngy, sao cho vng m.
THNH PHN HA Ht cha cc alcaloid: strychnin, brucin, vomicin, HC: b-colubrin, pseudostrychnin, N methyl-sec-
pseudobrucin, strucin, glucosid loganin.

CNG DNG: Cha thp khp, nhc mi tay chn, au dy
thn kinh, bi lit, nhc c, gim cng kin rut, i dm, thiu mu. Ngi ln mi ln ung 0,05g ht m tin ch, ngy 1-3 ln dng sc hoc bt. Cn dng thuc tim strychnin tinh khit. Ru thuc ht xoa bp. Thuc c, dng thn trng.
STRYCHNOS WALLICHIANA Steud. ex DC. LOGANIACEAE
99
HONG NN, m tin l qu, v
M T: Dy leo, thn g, c mc hoc tua cun n
hay kp. L mc i, c 3 gn. Cm hoa hnh chy dng ng, mc u nhng cnh nh. Hoa mu vng nht. Qu tht hnh cu, ng knh 4- 5cm, c nhiu ht dt. Ht c lng mt mu vng nh bc. Trnh nhm ln vi nhiu loi Strychnos khc cng dng dy leo.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 6-8; Qu: Thng 9-11. PHN B: Cy mc mt s tnh min ni. B PHN DNG: V thn v v cnh. Thu hi quanh nm,
phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA V thn cha alcaloid ton phn 5,23%, HC: strychnin 2,37- 2,43%, brucin 2,8%. CNG DNG: Cha thp khp, au nhc xng, chn tay
co qup t cng, au lng, au hng, au bng, a chy. Cn lm cng dng. Ung ti a 1 ln: 0,10g; 24 gi: 0,40g dng bt. Dng ngoi cha gh, hi v mt s bnh ngoi da kh cha. Thuc c, khng c kinh nghim khng dng. Ngoi ra ht cng c dng nh ht m tin.
TACCA CHANTRIERI Andr

TACCACEAE
RU HM, ph la (Ty), na, cm a la, pinh (Kdong), cu dm
M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn r mc ni trn mt t, c nhiu t. L mc thng t thn r, c cung di, mp nguyn ln sng. Hoa mu tm en mc t hp thnh tn trn mt cn thng hay cong. Tng bao c 4 l bc to, nh mc i cho nhau. L bc con hnh si di cng mu. Qu nang di. Ht c 3 cnh, mu tm. Hoa: Thng 7- 8; Qu: Thng 9- 10.
MA HOA QU:
100
PHN B: B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC: CNG DNG:
Cy mc ven sui, di tn rng m; hu ht cc tnh min ni. Thn r. Thu hi quanh nm. Phi hoc sy kh. Thn r cha saponin steroid thy phn cho diosgenin, taccaosid, -sitosterol. Cha thp khp: 50g thn r gi nh, ngm ru xoa bp. Khng c ung. Cn l nguyn liu chit diosgenin.
TACCA PLANTAGINEA (Hance) Drenth TACCACEAE
HI U, c vi u, thu in tht, mn to ly (Ty), vn b, b
M T:
Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 20-30 cm. R c, hnh trn, mc cong ln. Khng c thn. L mc thng t r. Phin l nguyn, ln sng, men theo cung n tn gc. Cm hoa hnh tn, 6- 10 hoa trn mt cn cong, 4 l bc mu tm en. Hoa mu tm. Qu nang. Thng 7-12. Cy mc mt s tnh rng ni pha bc; thng mc ch m mt, ven sui. R c. Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng, cho mm ri thi lt, tm gng, sao thm. R c cha saponin steroid, khi thu phn cho diosgenin. Cha tiu ho km, au bng, vng da do vim gan siu vi trng, a chy, thn kinh suy nhc, huyt p cao, au dy thn kinh to, thp khp, tr em st bi lit, kinh nguyt khng u. Liu dng ngy 24g r dng thuc vin hoc bt, c th
101
dng n 20g sc ung.
TALINUM PATENS (L.) Willd.

PORTULACACEAE.
TH NHN SM, th cao ly sm, ng dng sm, mn sm m
M T:
Cy c, c r c, sng nhiu nm, cao 30- 50 cm. Thn v cnh c khi mu ta, mng nc. L pha gc mc so le, pha ngn gn nh mc i, hnh trng. Phin l dy, gn l m. Hoa nh, mu hng mc thnh chm kp u cnh. Qu nh, mu nu. ht dt, mu en nhnh. Hoa: Thng 6- 8; Qu: Thng 9- 11. Cy thng mc trn cc hc mn , cc tnh c ni vi. Cy c trng lm thuc. R c. Thu hi vo ma thu. Phi hoc sy kh. Khi dng mm, thi mng, tm nc gng hoc nc ng. chn. Thuc b, cha suy nhc thn kinh, ho, au d dy, lao phi. Dng r c, co b v ri nng chn n hoc dng thuc sc. Liu dng ngy 20-30g. Cn cha a chy mt nc. L ti nu canh n lm d tiu.
MA HOA QU: PHN B:
B PHN DNG:
CNG DNG:
TERMINALIA NIGROVENULOSA Pierre ex Laness. COMBRETACEAE
102
CHIU LIU, chiu liu gn en.
M T: Cy g to, cao 10- 30m. Cnh non c lng
mn. L mc i, mt trn c nhng chm trng nh. Cung l c hai hch. Hoa trng, khng cnh mc thnh chy kp u cnh. Qu mu tm, c 3 cnh rng, cha mt ht.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 3- 4; Qu: Thng 5- 6. PHN B: Cy mc rng na rng l Ty Nguyn
v cc tnh min ng Nam B.

B PHN DNG: V thn. Thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht vo
ma xun, h. Co sch v, thi phin, phi hoc sy kh. Qu thu hi vo ma thu, phi kh, khi dng sao qua, b ht.
THNH PHN HA V thn cha tanin. Qu: 20- 40% tanin gm HC: acid ellagic, acid gallic, acid luteolic, du bo
36,7%.
CNG DNG: Cha a chy, l mn tnh, au hng, mt
ting, tr. Ngy 10- 20g v thn, hoc 3- 6g qu kh, dng thuc sc, thuc vin hoc ngm vi ru t l 20% dc liu.
THEVETIA PERUVIANA (Pers.) K. Schum.

APOCYNACEAE
M T: Cy bi, cao 2- 3m. Cnh mang nhiu vt
so do l rng li. L mc so le, hnh mc hp, gn chnh r. Hoa to, mu vng ti mc thnh xim gm 2- 3 ci k l gn ngn. Qu hch, c cnh nhn. Ht mu nu. Ton cy c nha m trng.
MA HOA QU: Hoa: Thng 4- 6; Qu: Thng 7- 10. PHN B: Cy nhp trng lm cnh khp ni. B PHN DNG: Ht. Thu hi qu khi chn. Phi kh. Khi
dng, p v v , ly nhn.
THNH PHN HA Ht thng thin cha cc glucosid tr tim HC: nh thevetin (A,B) 2-O-acetyl cerberosid,
neriifolin, cerberin, peruvosid, theveneriin,
103
acid peruvosidic.
CNG DNG: Thuc tr tim, cha suy tim. Dng hot cht
thevetin chit t ht di dng dung dch 1%0 ung, ngy 1-2ml, hoc dng ng tim 2ml = 1mg, ngy 1- 2 ng. Ht gi nt cn dng lm thuc tr su. Thuc rt c.
THUNBERGIA GRANDIFLORA Roxb. ACANTHACEAE
DY BNG XANH, bng bo, madia
M T:
Dy leo bng thn qun. Thn c lng. L mc i, c cung di, mp chia thy khng u, gc hnh tim. Hoa to mu xanh l hoc xanh tm, mc thnh chm u cnh, t khi k l. Qu nang nhn, c mi nhn di. Thng 3- 9. Cy mc ven rng m; cc tnh min ni. Cn c trng lm cnh. L. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hay phi kh. L c nhiu kali. Hoa cha acid amin: acid aspartic, serin, glycin, alanin, valin; flavonoid; apigenin- 7 glucuronid, luteolin, anthocyanin, malvidin: ng saccharosa, glucosa, fructosa. Thuc cha rn cn: hi 30- 50g l ti, b cung gi nt, ly nc xoa bp t trn xung di ni rn cn, b p ln vt cn. Ngy lm 2 ln. Dng ring hoc phi hp vi l vng vang; ht hng b. Hoc dng bt mn l kh tm m p.
CNG DNG:
104
TIEGHEMOPANAX FRUTICOSUS Vig.

ARALIACEAE
INH LNG, cy gi c, nam dng
M T: Cy bi, cao 0,5- 1,5m, cnh d gy. L kp
3 ln lng chim, mc so le, cung l c b, mp kha rng. Hoa nh, mu trng xm, t tp thnh chm t tn u cnh. Qu hnh cu dt. Ton cy, nht l l c mi thm.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4 - 7. PHN B: Cy trng nhiu ni lm cnh, l lm gia v
v r lm thuc.
B PHN DNG: R, thu hi vo ma thu cy trng t 3
nm tr ln; thi lt phi hoc sy kh. Cn dng l.

THNH PHN HA R cha saponin triterpen. HC: CNG DNG: Cha c th suy nhc, tiu ho km, st,
nhc u, sng v, t sa, ho, ho ra mu, i t, thp khp, au lng. Ngy 1- 6g r hoc 30- 50 g thn cnh dng thuc sc hoc ru thuc. L ti (50- 100 g) nu cho n li sa, hoc gi p tr vt thng, mn nht.
TINOSPORA CAPILLIPES Gagnep.

MENISPERMACEAE
105
C GI, kim qu lm, kim ngu
M T:
Dy leo nh, sng lu nm, Cnh trn c lng. R di, c tng on li phnh ln thnh c mp, v ngoi mu vng nu, rut mu trng. L hnh mc, mc so le, c cung di. Gc l hnh mi tn, gn l hnh chn vt c lng nh. Hoa nh, mu lc vng mc thnh chm k l. Qu hnh thun. Ht trn dt. Thng 3- 5. Cy mc hoang vng ni cao, ch m, rm mt. R. Thu hoch quanh nm, tt nht vo ma thu ng, ra sch, thi mng, phi hoc sy kh. R cha columbin. Cha c hng sng au, ho mt ting, au bng, a chy. Ngy 6- 12 g r di dng thuc sc, ngm ru hoc tn bt ung. Dng ngoi gi nt p, cha ung nht, vim ty.
TYPHONIUM TRILOBATUM Schott.

ARACEAE
C CHC, bn h nam, bn h ba thu, nam tinh, phc ho (Ty), co th la (Thi), nng pa hu (Dao).
M T: Cy c, phn trn mt t li hng nm, cao
20- 30cm. Thn c trn, nc. L chia 3 thu, cung di, c b. Cm hoa l mt bng mo, mu xanh pha tm. Hoa nh, hoa c trn, hoa ci di, c mi hi. Qu mng, khi chn mu . Cy c chc ri (Typhonium divaricatum Decne) cng c dng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5- 7. PHN B: Cy mc hoang khp ni, trn t m.
106
B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hi vo ma h, ra sch, phi
hoc sy kh. Khi dng ngm nc phn v nc gng, thi lt ri tm nc cam tho, sao vng.
THNH PHN HA Thn r cha protein, cht v c: Ca, P, I, F, HC: Fe, Na, K; thiamin, niacin, caroten, acid folic,
cc sterol v -sitosterol.
CNG DNG: Cha nn ma, ho, hen suyn nhiu m,
hng vim c m, nhc u, vim lot d dy: ngy 6- 12 g thn r ch, dng thuc sc. Dng ngoi r ti gi nh p cha ung nht, rn cn. Ngi c thai khi dng cn thn trng.
VITEX TRIFOLIA L.f.

VERBENACEAE
MN KINH, n ba l, quan m, t
M T: Cy bi, cao 1- 3m; cnh non hnh vung, c
lng mm. L kp, 3 l cht, mc i, mt di ph lng mm mu trng, v nt c mi thm. Cm hoa hnh xim, mc u cnh, hoa mu tm nht. Qu hnh cu, c i tn ti. Loi Vetex ovata Thunb cng c dng lm thuc vi tn l mn kinh.
MA HOA QU: Thng 4- 7. PHN B: Cy mc hoang cc tnh thuc vng ni
thp v trung du.

B PHN DNG: Qu. Thu hi t thng 9- 11. Phi hoc sy
kh. Dng sng hoc sao nh.

THNH PHN HA Qu cha alcaloid vitricin. L cha tinh du HC: trong c L--pinen, camphen, terpinyl acetat,
diterpen alcol, cc flavonoid: aucubin, agnusid, casticin, orientin, iso-orientin, luteolin 7-glucosid.
CNG DNG: Cha cm mo, st, nhc u, hoa mt,
chng mt, nhc hai bn thi dng, au nhc mt, tng nhn p, thp khp, au dy thn kinh. Ngy 6- 12g qu, dng thuc sc
107
hoc 2- 3g dng thuc bt.
WEDELIA CALENDULACEA Less.

ASTERACEAE
SI T, hng trm, cc nhp, ng ni, ng t, tn sa, l a M T:
Cy c, sng nhiu nm, mc b. Thn ng cao 20- 40cm. L mc i, gn nh khng cung, c rng ca to v nng, hai mt l c lng th. L khi v c mi thm nh trm. Hoa mu vng nh hoa cc, hnh u mc k l v u cnh trn mt cn di. Thng 3- 5. Cy mc hoang v c trng khp ni, ch m mt. C cy, tr r. Thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti hay phi kh. C cy cha tanin, saponin, caroten, isoflavonoid v wedelolacton. Cha sng ty, mn nht, chc l, sng v, bp chui, cm st, st pht ban, vim bng quang. Ngy 50- 100g cy ti gi nt thm nc, gn ung hoc 20- 40g cy kh sc, nu cao ung. Dng cy ti nu nc tm cho tr em tr rm sy.
WIKSTROEMIA INDICA (L.) C.A. Mey.
THYMELEACEAE
108
NIT GI, gi nit, gi cnh, nam
M T:
Cy bi nh, cnh mu , lc u c lng, sau nhn, mang nhiu vt so r. L mc so le hay mc i, gn nh khng cung; phin l dai, nhn, mt trn sm, mt di nht. Cm hoa l mt bng ngn mc u cnh. Hoa mu vng lc. Qu hnh trng, khi chn mu . Hoa: Thng 6- 7; Qu: Thng 8- 9. Cy mc hoang cc tnh min ni v trung du. L thu hi quanh nm. Dng ti. Cha mn nht, sng au: l gi nt thm du lc hoc du vng, p (trn du trnh gy phng da). C th dng lm thuc dit su b trong nng nghip. Cy c, cn ht sc thn trng khi dng.
XANTHIUM STRUMARIUM L.
ASTERACEAE
K U NGA, thng nh, pht
M T: Cy dng bi nh, sng mt nm, cao 40-
70cm. Thn mu lc, c kha, i khi c nhng chm mu nu tm. L mc so le, chia thy khng u, mp kha rng, c lng ngn v cng. Cm hoa hnh u mc t tp k l. Qu hnh trng, c mc.
MA HOA QU: Thng 5- 8. PHN B: Cy mc hoang khp ni, ven ng, bi
trng, rung hoang.

B PHN DNG: Qu. Thu hi khi qu cha ng mu vng;
phi hoc sy kh.
109
THNH PHN HA Qu cha alcaloid, sesquiterpen lacton HC: (xanthinin, xanthumin, xanthatin), du bo.
L cha iod: 200 microgam trong 1g l. Trong qu l 220 - 230 microgam/1g qu.
CNG DNG: Chng d ng, chng vim. Cha mn nht,
l lot, my ay, trng nhc, bu c, au khp, thp khp, tay chn au co rt, au u, vim mi chy nc hi, au hng, l: ngy 6- 12g thuc sc, cao hoc vin. Nc sc qu ngm cha au rng, bi cha nm tc, hc lo.
ZANTHOXYLUM NITIDUM (Roxb.) DC. RUTACEAE
XUYN TIU, cy sng, ht sn, mac khen (Ty), hong lc, sn
M T: Cy bi, mc da, c gai. Cnh vn di.
L kp lng chim, mc so le, gm 5 l cht nguyn. Hai mt l u c gai gn, nht l gn chnh v cung l. Cm hoa hnh chm mc k l. Hoa trng nh, n tnh. Qu c 1- 5 mnh v, mi mnh ng mt ht mu en bng.
MA HOA QU: Thng 2- 5. PHN B: Cy mc ven rng, i cc tnh min ni
v trung du.
B PHN DNG: R v qu. R thu hi quanh nm. Qu hi
khi cn xanh. Phi hoc sy kh.

THNH PHN HA V cnh v r cha alcaloid nitidin, khng HC: bn vng d chuyn thnh dihydronitidin v
oxynitidin. V r cha flavon, glucosid diosmin. Ht c tinh du cha linalol.

CNG DNG: Qu c tc dng kch thch tiu ho, cha
ho, au bng, nn ma, a chy, nhc rng, t bi, thp khp, giun a: ngy 3- 5g dng sc, bt. R cha st, st rt, thp khp: ngy 6- 12g dng sc, ngm ru. Qu
110
dng ngoi, cha au rng: sc hoc ngm ru ngm, v cha rn cn, gi nt bi.
ZEA MAYS L.
POACEAE
M T: Cy c, sng mt nm, cao 1- 2m. L mc so le, hnh di, di. Hoa n tnh cng gc. Hoa c nh, mc thnh bng ngn. Hoa ci mc st nhau, c bao bi nhiu l bc to, vi nhy di. Qu dnh. Ht nhiu, xp thnh hng. MA HOA QU: Thng 4- 6, hoc ty thuc vo ma gieo trng trong nm. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni. B PHN DNG: Vi nhy (ru ng) thu hi khi bp ng gi. Phi hoc sy nh ti kh. THNH PHN Ru ng cha mui kali. Ht c tinh bt, HA HC: ng glucosa, fructosa, sucrosa, raffinosa, cht bo, vitamin E,C,K,b-caroten. CNG DNG: Thuc li tiu dng trong bnh tim, cao huyt p, vim bng quang, vim niu qun, si thn, vim ti mt, vim gan gy cn tr s bi tit mt, thp khp, i ng. Cn phi hp vi vitamin K cm mu. Liu dng ngy 2030g ru ng dng thuc sc, hm, cao lng.
ZINGIBER OFFICINALE Rosc.

ZINGIBERACEAE
111
M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, phn thn mang l li vo ma ng. Thn r dng c, phn nhnh. Phn trn mt t mc hng nm vo ma ma, cao 0,5- 1m. L mc so le, hnh di, c b m ly thn. Hoa mu vng, pha xanh tm, t tp thnh bng, mc t gc. Qu nang. Ton cy, nht l thn r c mi thm, v cay nng. MA HOA QU: Thng 5- 8. PHN B: Cy trng khp ni, lm gia v v lm thuc. B PHN DNG: Thn r. Thu hoch vo ma ng. Mun gi ti lu, t gng vo chu, ph ct ln. Gng ti l sinh khng, gng kh l can khng. THNH PHN Thn r cha tinh du trong c D-cam-phen, HA HC: b-phellandren, zingiberen, sesquiterpen alcol, citral, borneol, geraniol v nha, cht cay gingeron, shogaol, gingerol. CNG DNG: Khng khun, gip tiu ho. Cha au bng lnh, y trng, khng tiu, km n, nn ma, a chy, l ra mu, nhc u, cm cm, chn tay lnh, mch yu, ho mt ting, ho suyn, thp khp, nga d ng, bng huyt. Liu dng ngy 3- 6g, dng thuc sc, bt, vin, ru thuc.
ZIZYPHUS MAURITIANA Lam..

RHAMNACEAE
M T:
Cy g nh, cao 5- 10m, phn cnh nhiu. Cnh c gai, non c nhiu lng mn, sau nhn, mu nu en. L mc so le, hnh trng hay gn trn, mp hi kha rng, 3 gn r, mt
112
THNH PHN HA HC:
CNG DNG:
di c nhiu lng mu trng bc. Hoa nh mu vng lc, mc thnh xim k l. Qu hch hnh cu, khi chn mu vng nht. Ht mu xm bc. Thng 6 - 10. Cy c trng khp ni. Nhn ht, gi l to nhn. Ht thu hi nhng qu chn. p v v ly nhn. Khi dng, sng hoc sao en. Cn dng l ti hay kh. Qu cha vitamin C, acid betulinic v betulin. Nhn ht c saponin v phytosterol. L cha rutin v quercetin. Tc dng an thn: nhn ht lm thuc cha hi hp, mt ng, suy nhc thn kinh, gim tr nh, ming kh, ra nhiu m hi: ngy 1- 2g (nhn sao en 6- 12g) dng thuc bt, vin hoc sc. L cha ho, hen, ngy 20- 40g l sao vng, dng sc. L p ngoi cha mn nht, l nga.
113

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ALLIUM FISTULOSUM L.

ma ng xun. Dng ti hoc phi kh.

H, ph t, cu thi, d cu, phiec

MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG:

THNH PHN HA HC:

TI TA, i ton, hom ka (Thi),

MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG: THNH PHN HA HC:

ALOCASIA MACRORRHIZA (L.) Schott

RY, ry di, d vu, khoai sp, vt

MA HOA QU: PHN B: B PHN DNG:

ALPINIA GALANGA Willd. ZINGIBERACEAE

RING, ring m, hu kh (Thi),

M T: Cy c, sng lu nm, cao 1 - 2m. Thn r

vo ma thu ng. Phi hoc sy kh.

kaempferid 3 - dioxy 4 - methoxy flavon.

ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS (L.) R.Br.

nhiu ni ly bng mt.

xun, h. Phi hoc sy kh.

triterpen: -amyrin v lupeol.

AMOMUM AROMATICUM Roxb.

THO QU, ho, mc hu (Thi),

MA HOA QU: PHN B:

THNH PHN HA HC: CNG DNG:

AMOMUM VILLOSUM Lour.

ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (Burm.f.) Nees ACANTHACEAE

XUYN TM LIN, cy cng cng,

M T: Cy c, sng mt nm; cao 0,40 - 1m. Thn

Phi hoc sy kh.

paniculid A, B, C; cc flavonoid: Andrographin, panicalin, apigenin 7 - 4 dimethyl ether

ANGELICA DAHURICA (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. et Hook. f.

M T: Cy c, cao 0,5 1m hoc hn, thn hnh tr,

ANGELICA SINENSIS (Oliv.) Diels

M T: Cy c, cao 40 - 60cm. Thn r pht trin.

CAU, tn lang, binh lang, my lng

M T: Cy thn tr, cao ti hn 10m. Thn c nhiu

ht, phi hay sy kh.

ABELMOSCHUS SAGITTIFOLIUS Kurz var.quinquelobus Gagnep. MALVACEAE QUINQUELOBUS Gagnep.

SM B CHNH, th ho sm, nhn

M T: Cy c, cao ti 50cm. R mp thnh c. L

trng nhiu ni.

sch, ngm nc go mt m, chn, phi kh.

vng ven bin. Cn c trng.

lc cy mi ra hoa. Dng ti hoc phi hoc sy kh. Ht c, dng ngoi.

tryptophan, men ureasa. R v dy mang l cha glycyrrhizin.

ABUTILON INDICUM (L.) Sweet

CI XAY, ging xay, qunh ma, kim hoa tho, ma bn th

M T: Cy nh, sng dai, mc thnh bi, cao 1-1,5

Dng ti hoc phi kh.

ACANTHOPANAX TRIFOLIATUS (L.) Merr.

ARALIACEAE M T: Cy bi, c gai. L kp chn vt, 3-5 l cht,

cho thm. Phi trong bng rm ch thong gi ti kh.

khoanh ng (Ty), co nh ln ngu

M T: Cy c, cao gn 1m, c lng mm. L mc

ra sch, phi hoc sy kh.

glucosa. Qu c nhiu mui kali. Ht c du bo.

CNG DNG: Chng vim, h cholesterol mu, h p, gy

ACONITUM FORTUNEI Hemsl.

U, c gu tu, u tu, ph t, c y (Hmng), co tu (Thi),

M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm, cao 0,6-1m. R c

hoa. Phi kh.

ACORUS GRAMINEUS Soland.

ARACEAE M T: Cy c, sng nhiu nm. Thn r phn

ACRONYCHIA LAURIFOLIA Blume

BI BUNG, bi bi, ct st, b bi ci, mc thao sang (Ty), co dng