CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1

Background of the Study Each language has their rules in the application, especially English. English and

Indonesia have different rules. As an English foreign language learner, we often get difficulties in mastering the English. Like Corder said that is still remains to be shown that the process of learning second language is fundamentally different nature from the process of primary acquisition. As an English foreign language learner, we have to master all patterns of the language. Thats why many learners often make mistakes and errors in learning the language. Corder said we live in an imperfect world; consequently errors will always occur in spite of our best effort. Corders statement shows us that it is reasonable for the learners make errors during they learn the foreign language. The learners error may occur in different language categories such as phonology, morphology, syntax, and discourse. The crucial component of language is morphology. Morphological item is dealing with word formation, as said in (Frank Palmer, 1984:99) morphology is essentially the grammar of words and deal with form of words, the relation between take and took, dog and dogs and etc. without the appropriate form of words, people cannot understand the meaning of what people saying accurately. Savignon in Canale and Swain makes clear that sentence cannot take place in the absence of structure, or grammar, a set of shared assumptions about how language works. . . (1980: 17). Mostly, the second language learners make errors in this category. Based on the statements above, the teacher must concern to the errors seriously so that the learner will acquire the language without any errors.

As a future teacher, we have to concern to this case by giving the learner correction. Grammar correction is given from the teacher to prevent the students make the similar mistakes. Lightbown and Spada suggested that learners errors should be corrected as soon as they made in order to prevent the information of bad habits (1993: 114). Other researchers considered correction as a vital part of teachers role because correction can help students to clarify their understanding of the meaning and construction of language (Stern, 1992: 151 and Harmer, 1998: 62). Due to the fact that students commonly face the problems in learning English and considers the importance of teaching learning strategy in producing well-formed sentences. Here the researcher wants to focus on the component of Morphological error and the appropriate correction of the errors.

1.2

Research Question There are the research questions identified, namely: What are the common morphological and syntactic errors made by ED students? Why are those morphological and syntactic errors occur? How and when should the teacher overcome those errors/ give the treatment?

1.2

Purpose of the Study The purposes of the study are:

To analyze the morphological and syntactic errors made by ED student. To find and identify the causes of the errors. To decide on what and when are the treatments used in overcoming the errors.

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Mistakes vs. Errors 2.2 Morphology and Syntax Ogrady stated that the system of categories and rules involved in word formation and interpretation is called morphology. It means that morphology is the study of how the words formed and structured, as Mathew (1986:55) stated Morphology is the subfield of linguistics that studies the internal structure of words and interrelationships among words. The words have different meaning in different forms, as Brinton (2000: 111) stated morphology is the study of word-making and word-making. On the one hand, morphology examines meaning relationship between words and the ways in which these connections are indicated. On the other, morphology looks at how grammatical relationships between words are marked. Different languages focus on different patterns of marking. Besides morphology, syntax is also an important category in linguistic. Syntax is related to how the words are put together to make a good sentence. Fromkin stated that syntax is the part of grammar that represents a speakers knowledge of these structures and their formation. Other researchers, Ogrady, stated that syntax is the system of rules and categories that underlies sentence formation in human language. Based on syntax, there are two categories of sentence; grammatical and ungrammatical. Grammatical sentence means that the sentence is formed based on the syntactic rules, on the other hand, ungrammatical sentence means that the sentence is formed violate to the syntactic rules.

2.2.1

Compounding

2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4

Affixation Reduplication Suppletion