Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Chng 1 thng s k thut c bn I.Cc thng s c bn ca my bin p lc 1.

Chng loi ca my bin p lc: My bin p lc ca Trm 500 kV l loi my bin p t ngu mt pha loi SHELL FORM c v my hn kn loi FORM-FIT lm theo tiu chun ca hi ng WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION ti Hoa K. My bin p lc thit k t ngoi tri c b iu p di ti, lm mt bng du c trang b bm du v qut lm mt (xem hnh v 1,2,3). 2. Cng sut nh mc: Sm = 150/150/50 MVA

3. in p nh mc: 4. Dng in nh mc: 5. Tn s : 6. S u dy:

U dm =

500 225 / 35 KV / 3 3

Im = 519,6/1154,7/1428,6 A f = 50HZ Yo/Yo/ - 11 (theo Vit Nam) YN - ao - d11 (theo IEC)

7. Dng iu chnh in p: iu chnh in p di ti (OLTC) vi 17 nc iu chnh c thang iu chnh l 1,25% ( 8 X 1,25%) 8. Kiu lm mt: lm mt my bin p bng du, lm mt du theo 3 cp: - Lm mt du bng khng kh t nhin (ONAN). - Lm mt du bng qut thi (ONAF). - Lm mt du bng qut thi v bm du cng bc (OFAF). 9. Du my bin p: - Loi NYTRO 10G - Khi lng: 24,5 tn/pha 10. Tng trng lng du: 131 tn/pha.

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Chng 2 c im k thut ca my bin p lc I. Cun dy Cun dy ca my bin p c qun bi cc dy dn bng ng c bc giy cch in c kh nng chu nh hng ca in p v c kh. Cun dy c qun theo tng lp gia cc lp th du c th chuyn dch qua lm mt. Cc lp ny ni tip nhau to thnh kiu qun dy a ni tip. Cc cun dy 35 kV, 220 kV, 500 kV c qun ng trc ln lt t trong ra ngoi (Xem hnh v 4, 5b). II. Gng t Gng t my bin p lc c lm theo kiu SHELL FORM bng tn cn ngui nh hng ht c cht lng cao loi HB. Gng t c kt cu c kh chc chn nhm gim ti a dng fuc v ting ku. Trong gng t c cc rnh c th chy du qua nhm gim nhit (Xem hnh v 5a). III. B iu chnh in p di ti OLTC 1. Thng s k thut: - Chng loi: UCGRE 1050/1050C - Hng sn xut: ABB - Nc iu chnh: 17 nc 8 X 1,25% theo bng di y: Nc 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9A 9 9B 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 U cao (kV) 550 543,75 537,5 531,25 525,0 518,75 512,5 506,25 500 493,75 487,5 481,25 475,0 468,75 462,5 456,25 450 526,2 532,9 539,8 546,9 554,2 561,7 569,4 577,3 -2I cao (A) 472,4 477,8 483,4 489 494,9 500,8 506,9 513,2 U trung (kV) 225 I trung (A) 1154,7 U h (kV) 35 I h (A) 1428,6

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com - Dng in nh mc ca b iu p di ti: Im = 577 A - Loi iu chnh mt pha tn s 50 Hz c b truyn ng loi BUE 1. - Du trong OLTC c lp vi du trong thng du chnh v cng loi NYRTRO 10G. - Thng du ph ca OLTC gn cnh thng du ph ca my bin p, dn n du qua bnh xilicazel. - Thi gian i tu: Sau 7 nm s dng hoc 100.000 ln thao tc. 2. Vn hnh: - B iu chnh di ti c th c iu khin bng in t xa hoc ti ch, iu khin bng tay ti ch. Khi iu chnh nc phn p bng in th thi gian OLTC chuyn 1 nc l t 5 n 6 giy. Khi iu chnh nc phn p bng tay phi quay 25 vng. - iu khin bng in c th thc hin t 3 v tr: + Ti t my bin p BUE 1: Chuyn kho remote/local v v tr local, vn kho raise/lower v pha raise hoc lower khi mun tng hoc gim nc ca chnh pha . + Ti t trung gian my bin p: Kho remote/local t BUE 1 ca cc pha ti v tr remote. Chuyn kho SP2 (remote/local) ca t trung gian v local. Ta c th chuyn nc ca c 3 pha hoc ring r tng pha my bin p khi chn ch pararell hoc individual ca kho SP1. Khi chn nc n pha th chuyn kho SP4 v pha chn. tng gim nc dng kho SP3 raise hoc lower. + Trong phng iu khin: Kho remote/local t BUE 1 ca cc pha ti v tr remote. Ti t trung gian my bin p kho SP2 v tr remote, kho SP1 v tr pararell. Bm kho iu khin nc ti raise hoc lower khi mun tng hoc gim nc phn p c 3 pha my bin p. (kho cn v tr auto song mch ny b). - iu khin bng tay: Chuyn kho remote/local v v tr local ti t BUE 1, dng tay quay chuyn nc my bin p, khi lin ng in ng c chuyn nc s ct. - S tng gim nc p dng theo nguyn tc cng tr s vng dy (xem hnh v 6). B chuyn nc gm c cng tc chuyn mch, cng tc chn u v c cu truyn ng. Trn thc t th cng tc chuyn mch v cng tc chn u l mt b cc tip im chuyn dch chm sau nhau m bo mch lun khp kn (xem hnh v 7). V tr ca cc cng tc theo nc phn p nh sau:

Nc Chn u Chuyn mch tng Chuyn mch gim

1 1 21

2 2 21

3 3 21

4 4 21

5 5 21

6 6 21

7 7 21

8 8 21

9A 9 21

9 10 22

9B 1 22

10 2 22

11 3 22

12 4 22

13 5 22

14 6 22

15 7 22

16 8 22

17 9 22

21

21

21

21

21

21

21

21

21

21

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com IV. H thng lm mt 1. Khi nim chung: My bin p trong qu trnh vn hnh th gng t v cun dy pht nhit do dng Fuco v tn tht trn cun dy. S pht nhit ny nh hng n tui th cch in ca my bin p. Do vy ngi ta s dng du ngoi tc dng cch in cn lm mt my bin p. Nguyn tc lm mt l s dng s i lu nhit gia cun dy, gng t vi du. Khi nhit du tng cao tip tc i lu nhit vi v my v cnh tn nhit. V my v cnh tn nhit bc x nhit ra mi trng xung quanh. Khi du c t nng s ni ln trn i qua cnh tn nhit c lm mt v chm xung di. Du i qua cc rnh ca gng t hay cc khe ca cun dy c kt cu a ni tip lm mt gng t v cun dy v du b t ni ln trn kt thc chu trnh lm mt (xem hnh v 8). thc y qu trnh lm mt ngi ta lp thm qut bin qu trnh bc x nhit cnh tn nhit thnh qu trnh i lu nhit gia cnh tn nhit v khng kh, p thm bm du y nhanh vng tun hon du. Do vy lm mt my bin p chnh l lm mt du my bin p v c 3 cp. 2. Cc cp lm mt my bin p: Cp 1: Lm mt du my bin p bng khng kh t nhin ONAN. Du my bin p i lu nhit vi v my v 10 cnh tn nhit lp 2 bn thnh my. Cp 2: Lm mt du my bin p bng qut thi ONAF. Khi nhit du lp trn cng tng n 60oC ( s dng t trch nhit - xem hnh v) hoc nhit cun dy 500 kV l 75oC hoc cun dy 35 kV l 80oC (s dng dng quy i ca bin dng chn s CT5, CT9) th khi ng ng thi 6 qut c cng sut 560 W lp trn cc cnh tn nhit. Khi cc gi tr nhit khi ng gim i 10oC mi dng qut. Cp 3: lm mt du my bin p bng qut thi v bm du cng bc OFAF. Khi nhit trn cng l 65oC hoc nhit qui i ca cun dy 500 kV l 80oC hoc cun dy 35 kV l 85oC th ngoi cc qut cn c 2 bm du cng sut 2,2 kW khi ng thc y qu trnh i lu du trong cnh tn nhit. Bm s dng khi gi tr nhit khi ng gim 10oC. V. Thng du ph my bin p Thng du ph my bin p c lp cao hn my bin p c tc dng cho du trong my bin p gin n nhit v lun to ra p sut du trong my trnh ht m khng kh. trnh du my bin p khi b oxy ho v ht m trong vn hnh do tip xc trc tip vi khng kh c t mt ti cao su mm chong ht phn khng kh cn li trong bnh du ph. Ti cao su ny c bt trc tip vi bnh xilicazel ca bnh du ph. Trong qu trnh dn n nhit ca du my bin p th ti cao su ny s co gin. phng ti cao su khng gin n c trong mt trng hp no th ngi ta lp thm 2 van mt chiu p lc cao v p lc thp (xem hnh v 9). VI. My bin dng chn s Ti cc chn s ca my bin p c lp 11 bin dng loi WTI s dng cho mc ch bo v rle, o lng v cp ngun cho bin i nhit. V tr v thng s ca cc bin dng nh sau: -4-

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com V tr Tn TI CT1 CT2 Chn s 500 kV CT3 CT4 CT5 CT6 Chn s 220 kV 35 kV Chn s trung tnh CT7 CT8 CT9 CT10 CT11 u ra S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S2 S1-S3 S1-S2 S1-S3 Ts bin 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 1500/1 600/1 1200/1 600/1 1200/1 20 20 20 20 20 20 10 20 20 20 20 Cng sut (VA) 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Cp chnh xc 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 0,5 0,5 3 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 3 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 5P 20 Cng dng Rle Rle Rle Rle Rle Rle o lng o lng o.l nhit Rle Rle Rle Rle Rle Rle o.l nhit Rle Rle Rle Rle

VII. S u vo Cc u cui ca cc cun dy c u vi s xuyn my bin p. S xuyn my bin p c ch to ph hp vi mi trng lp t, c ng nht cao, khng c s to lp, khe nt hay cc tp vt lm gim cch in ca s. C 4 loi s xuyn my bin p (xem hnh v 10, 11, 12, 13). 1. S 500 kV - Chng loi: HAEFELY FRANCE 525/303 kV - in p nh mc: 525 kV - Dng in nh mc : 800 A - in p xung cc i (50 s): 1550 kV - in p th nghim (1 mn): 690 kV - Chiu di b mt s: 12500 mm - Khi lng: 930 kg S c cu to kn, cch in bng giy ngp du qun xung quanh ng dn. Gia cc lp giy c cc phin t nhm phn b u in p trn cc lp giy chng qu p cc b. Phn nh s c khoang trng gin n du v c ch th mc du. Mt bch ni vi my bin p c nm o tang v nm x kh. -5-

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com 2. S 220 kV - Chng loi: HAEFELY FRANCE 245/142 kV - in p nh mc: 245 kV - Dng in nh mc : 1600 A - in p xung cc i (50 s): 1050 kV - in p th nghim (1 mn): 460 kV - Chiu di b mt s: 6125 mm - Khi lng: 300 kg - Cu to ca s 220 kV ging nh s 500 kV 3. S 35 kV - Chng loi: HAEFELY FRANCE 52/30 kV - in p nh mc: 52 kV - Dng in nh mc : 2000 A - in p xung cc i (50 s): 250 kV - in p th nghim (1 mn): 95 kV - Chiu di b mt s: 1300 mm - Khi lng: 30 kg - Cu to ca s 35 kV ging nh s 500 kV v 220 kV 4. S trung tnh - Chng loi: HAEFELY FRANCE 24/13,8 kV - in p nh mc: 24 kV - Dng in nh mc : 1000 A - in p xung cc i (50 s): 125 kV - in p th nghim (1 mn): 55 kV - Chiu di b mt s: 600 mm - Khi lng: 27 kg - S trung tnh c cu to kn thn s c qun bng giy bekalit c tm du. Mt bch ni my bin p c nm o tang v nm x kh. VIII. Cc loi van my bin p My bin p lc Trm 500 kV c hai loi van chn l van cnh bm v van tay quay s dng vi cc mc ch khc nhau theo bng di y: STT Tn van 1 Van p lc thp bnh du ph 2 Van p lc cao bnh du ph Van x np thng du ph c van 3 ly mu 4 5 6 Van chn rle hi Van chn bnh du ph OLTC Van an ton -6S.l 1 1 1 2 1 2 Loi p lc p lc Quay tay Cnh bm Cnh bm p lc V tr t Trn nc thng du ph Trn nc thng du ph Bn di pha tri thng du ph Hai bn ca rle hi Trn ng ng ni bnh du ph vi OLTC Trn mt my

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Van chn cnh tn nhit Van np OLTC c van ly mu Van x OLTC c van ly mu Van x c van ly mu ca thng du chnh Van rt du cho OLTC Van chn h thng lm mt Van x ca h thng lm mt 20 1 1 1 1 2 2 Cnh bm Tay quay Tay quay Tay quay Tay quay Cnh bm Tay quay Ti hai u ca cnh tn nhit Pha trn bn phi OLTC Ti y ca OLTC Pha di ng sau mba Pha trn nc OLTC gn rle p lc du Gn bm du trn ng thng lp du y mba Gn bm du

Lu : i vi van cnh bm th v tr m c hnh v tam gic . IX. Vn hnh qu ti my bin p Kh nng vn hnh qu ti my bin p ph tthuc rt nhiu yu t: nhit mi trng xung quanh, nhit cun dy v du trc khi qu ti, thi gian vn hnh qu ti, cng sut qu ti... ngoi ra vn hnh qu ti cn ph thuc vo cc bo v nhit du v nhit cun dy. Di y cho bng thi gian vn hnh qu ti my bin p theo dng in pha 500 kV khi my bin p t nc 17: I/Im 1,1 A 635 t(sec) 1500 1,2 692 571 1,3 750 350 1,4 808 252 1,5 866 197 1,6 923 163 1,7 981 125 1,8 1038 110 1,9 1096 97 2,0 1154 87,5

X. Vn hnh qu p my bin p My bin p vn hnh qu p pha 500 kV ph thuc vo nhiu yu t: in p pha 220 kV, cng sut truyn ti, nc phn p, in p trn h thng 500 kV. Theo l thuyt in p cho php pha 500 kV c tnh theo cng thc: Stt Ucp = ( 110 - 5 x Sm Vi: - Stt cng sut thc t - Sm cng sut nh mc )%

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com T ta c bng sau: Cng sut MVA 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Ugh 220 kV 248 247 247 246 245 244 243 241 239 236 V tr nc phn p 10 543 543 542 540 538 536 532 528 524 518 11 536 536 535 534 531 529 525 522 517 512 12 529 529 528 527 525 522 519 515 510 505 13 523 522 521 520 518 515 512 508 504 499 14 516 515 514 513 511 508 505 501 497 492 15 509 508 508 506 504 502 498 495 490 486 16 502 502 501 499 497 495 492 488 484 479 17 495 495 494 493 491 488 485 481 479 473

Chng 3 Cc bo v v t ng my bin p t ngu 500/220/35 kv trm ho bnh I. Cc bo v v t ng ca my bin p t ngu A. My bin p t ngu 500/220/35 kv Trm 500 kV Ho Bnh c cc bo v chnh sau y: 1. Bo v so lch th nht (F87T) 2. Bo v so lch th hai (F87T2) 3. Bo v so lch chng chm t my bin p (F50REF) 4. Bo v qu dng th nht pha 35 kV my bin p (F51&1) 5. Bo v qu dng th hai pha 35 kV (F51&2) 6. Bo v qu ti nhit my bin p (F49) 7. Bo v chng chm t pha 35 kV my bin p (F64) 8. Bo v rle hi my bin p 9. Bo v nhit du my bin p 10. Bo v nhit cun dy cao p my bin p 11. Bo v nhit cun dy h p my bin p 12. Bo v p lc b iu p di ti (OLTC) 13. Bo v mc du thp ca my bin p v b iu p di ti (OLTC) 14. Bo v bng van an ton my bin p 15. Bo v bng chng st van 3 pha -8-

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com B. My bin p t ngu 500/220/35 kV Trm 500 kV Ho Bnh c cc t ng sau y: 1. T ng iu chnh in p di ti 2. T ng ca h thng lm mt II. Bo v so lch th nht my bin p (F87T) Bo v so lch th nht my bin p t ngu dng rle so lch in t kiu 7UT23 do hng SIEMENS ch to dng pht hin nhanh cc s c phn in trong vng bo v. Vng bo v qui nh bi v tr t ca cc my bin dng in t cc pha a ti rle (xem hnh v 14). Pha 220 kV ngun dng a vo rle c ly t cc my bin dng ca cc my ct 220 kV tng ng, qua hp ni th nghim XG4, XG5 trn t bng bo v my bin p. Pha 35 kV ngun dng c ly t my bin dng ca my ct 35 kV tng ng c a qua hp ni th nghim XG4 trn t bo v rle vo rle. Pha 500 kV ngun dng c ly t my bin dng lp sn trong my bin p qua cc hp ni th nghim XG4, XG5 trn t bo v rle i vo rle. Ngun nui mt chiu cp cho rle c ly t thanh ci mt chiu th nht ca h thng t dng mt chiu 220 V. Khi c h hng trong ni b rle hoc khi khng c ngun nui mt chiu vo rle, rle t ng a ra tn hiu cnh bo v tnh trng h hng ca rle v trn bng iu khin my bin p c tn hiu differential relay inoperative (h hng rle so lch) Rle 7UT23 c cc phn t o lng c lp ring cho tng pha (7TD33) v c phn t mun u ra ring a tn hiu i ct my v bo tn hiu. Trn mt trc ca mi phn t o lng c cc nc t tr s cho bo v v cc im o dng in, in p khng cn bng trong rle (BU1, BU2, BU3). Trn mt trc ca mun u ra c mt n ch th mu xanh lun sng bo ngun nui c trong rle. Trong mun c 2 rle u ra dng cho mch ct, bo tn hiu, mt trc c 5 n ch th xp thnh hng dc (I, II, III, IV) dng ch th cho ngi vn hnh v trng thi hot ng ca rle. n I sng ln khi bo v so lch pha A lm vic. n II sng ln khi bo v so lch pha B lm vic. n III sng ln khi bo v so lch pha C lm vic. Bo v tc ng khng c duy tr thi gian, i ct my ct 3 pha my bin p, kho mch chuyn nc my bin p v bo tn hiu nh sng, m thanh (chung, ci). Khi bo v tc ng th rle kho con bi F86P trn t bng bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng iu khin my bin p c tn hiu differential protection operated (bo v so lch lm vic), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. III. Bo v so lch th hai my bin p (F87T2) Bo v so lch th hai my bin p t ngu dng rle SEL387 (hng SEL sn xut ti M). Bo v so lch th hai lm vic song song vi bo v so lch th nht v d -9-

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com phng ln cho nhau. Hai bo v so lch ch khc nhau vng bo v v mch u ra. Vng bo v ca bo v so lch th hai khc so vi vng bo v ca bo v so lch th nht do ngun dng ly t cc my bin dng khc. Pha 220 kV ngun dng a vo rle c ly t cc my bin dng ca cc my ct 220 kV tng ng, qua hp ni th nghim XG1, XG2 trn t bo v rle so lch th hai i vo rle. Pha 35 kV ngun dng c ly t my bin dng ca my ct 35 kV tng ng c a qua hp ni th nghim XG1 trn t bo v rle so lch th hai i vo rle. Pha 500 kV ngun dng c ly t my bin dng ca my ct 500 kV tng ng qua cc hp ni th nghim XG1, XG2 trn t bo v so lch th hai i vo rle. Ngun nui mt chiu cp cho rle c ly t thanh ci mt chiu th hai ca h thng t dng mt chiu 220 V. Vic gim st ngun mt chiu cng nh tnh trng h hng ca rle ging nh bo v so lch th nht. Bo v tc ng khng duy tr thi gian i ct cc my ct 3 pha my bin p, kho mch chuyn nc my bin p v bo tn hiu nh sng, m thanh. Khi bo v tc ng th rle u ra kho c con bi F86S trn t bng bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu differential protection operated (bo v so lch lm vic), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung, ci. Trn mt trc ca rle c hai dy n xp thnh hai hng ngang dng ch th v trng thi hot ng ca rle. n hng th nht: - n EN sng bo rle sn sng lm vic - n trip sng bo rle tc ng - n INST sng bo r le tc ng tc thi - n 87-1 sng bo rle pha A tc ng - n 87-2 sng bo rle pha B tc ng - n 87-3 sng bo rle pha C tc ng - n 50, 51 khng s dng n hng th hai: - n A sng bo s c pha A - n B sng bo s c pha B - n C sng bo s c pha C - n N sng bo s c chm t - n W1 W4 khng s dng. IV. Bo v so lch chng chm t my bin p (F50 REF) Bo v so lch chng chm t my bin p dng rle so lch tr khng cao MCAG do hng GEC ALSTHOM ch to. l loi rle tr khng cao, c kh nng n nh cao chng cc ngn mch bn ngoi. Di tr s t ca rle ngay trn mt trc ca rle. Thi gian tc ng ca rle ph thuc vo tr s dng v m bo nh hn 30 ms dng in bng 5 ln dng tr s t. Ni tip vi rle c t in tr n nh R50 tng nhy m vn m bo n nh chng li cc s ngn mch ngoi ln. - 10 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Bo v ny dng chng cc dng ngn mch chm t trong cun dy cao, trung p. Vng tc ng ca bo v c xc nh bi v tr cc my bin dng dng cho bo v (xem hnh 15). Bo v ly ngun dng t cc my bin dng 220kV, 500 kV v my bin dng trung tnh lp sn trong my bin p. Cc mch dng c tp hp qua hp ni th nghim XG1 trn t bo v my bin p a vo rle. Bo v tc ng i ct 3 pha my bin p. Khi bo v lm vic th rle u ra kho c con bi F86P trn t bng bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu restricted earth fault protection operated (bo v so lch chm t lm vic), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic), v c tn hiu chung ci. Khi rle lm vic th bn thn rle cng c con bi ch th tn hiu tc ng v ch gii tr c bng tay. V. Bo v qu dng th nht pha 35 kV (F51&1) Bo v dng rle qu dng kiu MCGG 62 ca hng GEC ALSTHOM. l rle qu dng kiu 3 pha c phn t tc ng tc thi. Bo v dng chng cc dng ngn mch pha 35 kV v my bin p t dng. Ngun nui mt chiu cp cho rle c ly t thanh ci mt chiu th nht qua aptmt ngun L01 QFRP cho bo v T1 (hoc L02 QFRP cho bo v T2) trong t T00.AS3 ca h thng t dng. kim tra xem c ngun nui vo rle hay khng ta n nt RESET (gii tr) mt trc rle. Khi n nt ny tt c cc n u phi sng ln v cc n tt i khi nh nt c ngha l rle c ngun vo tt. Vic kim tra ngun vo c th thc hin khi rle ang lm vic m khng nh hng ti ch lm vic ca rle. Nt RESET cn c tc dng dng gii tr tc ng ca bo v. Mch dng cp cho rle ly t my bin dng ca my ct 35 kV qua hp ni th nghim XG2 trn t bo v rle my bin p i vo rle. Bo v c t theo c tnh thi gian siu ph thuc (extremely inverse) v ta c c tnh thi gian nh sau:

t=

12 I 1 6400
2

Trong : t - Thi gian tc ng ca bo v I - Dng ngn mch nht th (A) Trn mt trc rle c cc n ch th ring r ch r pha, cp bo v no tc ng. Ba n trn cng sng ln tng ng vi cp tc ng tc thi ca cc pha A, B, C lm vic (thc t cp ny khng a vo lm vic). - 11 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Ba n hng th hai sng ln tng ng vi cp c duy tr thi gian ca cc pha A, B, C lm vic. Ba n xanh hng th ba sng ln mi khi dng ca cc pha A, B, C tng ng ln hn dng Is t cho rle. Bo v tc ng i ct 3 pha my bin p lc, my ct u vo 0,4 kV h thng t dng. Khi bo v lm vic, ngoi tn hiu n trn mt trc ca rle nh ni trn, rle u ra kho c con bi F86P trn t bo v my bin p, rle u ra kho c con bi L01F86 (hoc L02F86) t T00. AS3 h thng t dng lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p t ngu c tn hiu trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic), trn bng tn hiu my bin p t dng c tn hiu trip and lockout relay operated (bo v qu dng my bin p t dng lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. VI. Bo v qu dng th hai pha 35 kV (F51&2) Bo v dng rle qu dng kiu MCGG 82 do hng GEC ALSTHOM ch to. l rle dng ba pha c bo v chm t v c phn t tc ng tc thi. Ngun nui mt chiu cp cho rle c ly t thanh ci mt chiu th hai qua aptmat QF1RS trong t bo v ca rle , qua hp ni XG3 trnt bo v my bin p a vo rle. Vic kim tra ngun nui cp cho rle cng ging nh i vi rle MCGG 62 ca bo v qu dng th nht. Tc dng ca nt RESET cng ging nh i vi rle MCGG 62. Mch dng cp cho rle c ly t my bin dng ca my ct 35 kV qua hp ni th nghim XG3 trn t bo v rle my bin p i vo rle. Bo v ch s dng chc nng qu dng pha tc ng theo c tnh thi gian xiu ph thuc (extremely inverse) v c c tnh c th nh sau:

t =

8 I2 1 15625

Trong : t - Thi gian tc ng ca bo v I - Dng ngn mch nht th (A) Rle cng c cc n ch th ring r ch r pha, cp, kiu bo v tc ng. Bn n trn cng sng ln tng ng vi cp bo v tc ng tc thi ca cc pha A, B, C v bo v chm t lm vic (thc t cp ny khng s dng). Bn n hng th hai sng ln tng ng vi cp c c tnh thi gian ph thuc ca cc pha A, B, C v bo v chm t lm vic. Bn n xanh hng cui cng sng ln mi khi dng ca cc pha A, B, C hoc dng chm t tng ng ln hn dng Is t cho rle. Bo v tc ng i ct 3 pha my bin p lc. Khi bo v lm vic, rle u ra kho con bi F86S trn t bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic), primary phase overcurrent operated (bo v qu dng pha cao p lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. - 12 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com VII. Bo v qu ti nhit my bin p Bo v dng rle s 7SJ50 do hng SIEMENS ch to. Rle ny c nhiu chc nng a dng khc nhau nhng y ch s dng chc nng qu ti nhit. Ngun mt chiu cp cho rle ly t thanh ci mt chiu th hai qua aptmat QF1RS trong t bo v my bin p i vo rle. Rle c kh nng t kim tra ngun mt chiu v pht hin nhng h hng trong ni b rle. n ch th xanh (RUN) pha trn cng lun lun sng bo rng c ngun mt chiu cp cho rle v khng c h hng no trong ni b rle. Khi n xanh khng sng c ngha l khng c ngun mt chiu vo rle hoc c h hng trong ni b rle. Mch dng cp cho rle c ly t my bin dng lp sn trong my bin p pha 500 kV, qua hp ni th nghim XG9 trn t bo v rle my bin p i vo rle. Rle c 5 c tnh chn lc khc nhau nhng trong trng hp c th ti trm c tnh qu ti pht nhit khng c nh c s dng. c tnh thi gian tc ng ca bo v nh sau:

t=

35 I Pr im 1 600

x 2.5

Trong : t - Thi gian tc ng ca rle (sec) IPrim - Dng nht th (A) Bo v ch tc ng i bo tn hiu qu ti my bin p t ngu. Khi bo v tc ng trn bng bo v my bin p c tn hiu overload protection operated (bo v qu ti lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. VIII. Bo v chng chm t pha 35 kV (F64) Bo v chng chm t pha 35 kV dng rle bo v in p th t khng kiu MVTU 13 do hng GEC ALSTHOM ch to. rle c thi gian tc ng t c nh trong gii t 0.1 n 9,9 giy theo nc tng l 0.1 giy v tr s in p t 5 n 36 V theo nc tng l 1 V. Ngun nui cp cho rle ly t aptmat L01 QFRP ( hoc L02 QFRP) t T00. AS3 qua in tr R64 lp trong t bo v my bin p i vo rle (in tr R64 cn thit khi dng ngun nui mt chiu ln hn 30 V). Ngun in p a vo rle ly t u ra ca my bin p o lng 35 kV u theo s tam gic h qua aptmat VT 35, qua hp ni th nghim XG7 trn t bo v my bin p i vo rle. Bo v tc ng i bo tn hiu v cm ng my ct 35 kV tng ng. Khi bo v tc ng trn t tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu tertiary earth alarm (cnh bo chm t pha th ba).

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com IX. Bo v rle hi my bin p Bo v rle hi dng rle kiu Buccholz (Thy in) chng cc h hng bn trong thng du my bin p lm pht sinh kh cng nh trnh mc du gim thp ti mc nguy him. Bo v c hai cp: - Cp th nht ca bo v lm vic khi xut hin kh rle hi, n tc ng i bo tn hiu. Khi cp bo v ny lm vic, trn t bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng bn trong my bin p hoc b chuyn nc phn p) v c tn hiu chung ci. - Cp th hai ca bo v lm vic khi hnh thnh lung kh mnh hoc mc du tt hon ton khi rle hi. Bo v tc ng i ct my ct 3 pha my bin p v bo tn hiu. Khi cp ny lm vic, rle u ra kho con ba F86P trn t bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng bn trong b chuyn nc hoc my bin p), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. X. Bo v nhit du. Bo v nhit du ly tn hiu nhit t ng h nhit c tip im. ng h ny ngoi vic ch thi nhit cn c cc tip im gi vo mch bo v. ng h c ch to bng vt liu chng n mn va thit k t ngoi tri trong iu kin kh hu nhit i. Cc cp ca bo v nhit du tc ng nh sau: - Cp I: Khi nhit du t ti 600C: Khi ng cp lm mt ONAF (t ng chy qut lm mt). - Cp II: Khi nhit du t ti 650C: Khi ng cp lm mt OFAF (chy qut v bm du h thng lm mt). - Cp III: Khi nhit du t ti 850C: Bo tn hiu oil temperature alarm (cnh bo tn hiu nhit du cao) v c tn hiu chung ci. - Cp IV: Khi nhit du t ti 900C: Bo v lm vic tc ng i ct 3 pha my bin p v bo tn hiu. Khi cp ny lm vic, rle u ra kho, c con bi F86P trn t bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo s c bn trong b chuyn nc hoc my bin p), OLTC or transformer internal fault trip (ct do h hng bn trong b chuyn nc hoc my bin p), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. XI. Bo v nhit cun dy cao, h p o nhit cun dy my bin p ngi ta dng thit b loi AKM 35 l thit b s dng in tr nhit c phn t t nng c cp in bng dng in ly t cc my bin dng cun cao v cun h p my bin p. - 14 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com ng h nhit c cc tip im gi vo cc mch lm mt, bo tn hiu v ct my. Bo v nhit cun cao, h p lm vic nh sau: - Cp th nht: Khi nhit cun cao t ti 750C hoc nhit cun h p t ti 800C th khi ngcp lm mt ONAF (chy qut lm mt). - Cp th hai: Khi nhit cun cao t ti 800C hoc nhit cun h t ti 850C th khi ng cp lm mt OFAF (chy qut v bm du lm mt). - Cp th ba: Khi nhit cun cao p hoc cun h p t ti 1150C, bo v tc ng bo tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng trong ni b b chuyn nc di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p) v c tn hiu chung ci. - Cp th IV: Khi nhit cun cao hoc nhit cun h p t ti 1200C, bo v tc ng i ct ba pha my bin p v bo tn hiu. Khi cp ny tc ng rle u ra kho c con bi F86P trn t bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault trip (ct do h hng bn trong b chuyn nc di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p), OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng trong b chuyn nc di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. XII. Bo v mc du thp ca my bin p v b chuyn nc di ti (OLTC) My bin p c lp cc ng h gim st mc du my bin p v b chuyn nc di ti. ng h ny ngoi vic ch th theo di bng mt cn c tip im gi vo mch bo tn hiu. Khi mc du ca thng du my bin p hoc b chuyn nc di ti b gim thp, tip im ca ng h bo mc du khp li a tn hiu cnh bo vo trong nh iu khin. Trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng trong b chuyn nc di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p). XIII. Bo v p lc b iu p di ti B iu p di ti c lp mt rle p lc. Khi c h hng trong ni b b iu p di ti lm xut hin kh dn n p lc trong b iu p di ti tng ln cao qu mc t th rle lm vic. Bo v tc ng i ct ba pha my bin p v bo tn hiu. Khi bo v lm vic rle u ra kho con bi F86P trn t bo v my bin p lm vic, trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault trip (ct do h hng trong b chuyn nc di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p), trip and lockout relay operated (rle u ra kho lm vic) v c tn hiu chung ci. XIV. Thit b h thp p lc my bin p (van an ton) My bin p c lp 2 van an ton ca hng ETI loi VS chng tng cao p lc. Cc van an ton t ng lm vic khi p lc trong my bin p tng cao n 900 g/mm2. - 15 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Khi van an ton lm vic trn bng tn hiu my bin p c tn hiu OLTC or transformer internal fault alarm (cnh bo h hng trong b iu p di ti hoc trong ni b my bin p) v c tn hiu chung ci. XV. bo v my bin p bng chng st van My bin p c lp chng st van c 3 cp in p bo v qu p kh quyn. Chng st van loi EXLIM l chng st van khng khe h (xem quy trnh vn hnh chng st van). XVI. Thit b t ng iu chnh in p di ti (F90) - Thit b t ng iu chnh in p di ti dng rle loi MVGC 01 do hng GEC ALSTHOM ch to. Rle ly tn hiu in p v dng in pha 500 kV qua hp ni XG8 trn t bo v my bin p i vo rle. Tuy nhin ti Trm 500 kV Ho Bnh thit b ny a ra khi v tr lm vic. - Kim tra s chuyn mch ca b chuyn nc: + Khi thao tc chuyn mch cha lm tt (dng v tr trung gian ca b chuyn nc) th sau 10 giy trn bng tn hiu my bin p s c tn hiu cnh bo OLTC out of step (b chuyn nc b trt khi nc). + Khi c xung iu khin a vo b chuyn nc xong b truyn ng ca b chuyn nc khng lm vic th trn bng tn hiu my bin p s c tn hiu OLTC motor drive failure (ng c truyn ng b chuyn nc b hng). XVII. T ng h thng lm mt cho my bin p - T ng khi ng cc cp ca h thng lm mt (xem phn trn). - Gim st tnh trng lm vic ca h thng lm mt ( ch t ng): Khi nhit ca du, cun dy t ti mc khi ng cp lm mt ONAF nhng nu qut ca bt k 1 trong 3 pha no m khng lm vic hoc khi nhit du, cun dy t ti mc khi ng cp lm mt OFAF nhng bm ca bt k 1 trong 3 pha no m khng chy hoc c chy nhng khng c dng du trong h thng du th s c tn hiu cooling system faulty (h hng h thng lm mt).

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com chng 4 trnh t kim tra a my bin p vo vn hnh I. Sau khi lp t hay i tu my bin p, cn tp hp y cc ti liu sau y: - Bn v thit k v l lch my bin p ca nh ch to. - Bin bn lp t my hoc bin bn sa cha. - Bin bn th nghim my bin p: + o cch in cun dy. + o tang cun dy. + Th nghim s u vo. + o in tr cun dy. + Th nghim du my bin p. + o t s bin my bin p theo nc phn p. + o cc tnh my bin p. + o s vc t t u dy. + Th nghim my bin dng trong my bin p. + Kim tra b iu chnh in p. II. Trc khi ng in my bin p nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra cc hng mc sau: 1. Thu hi y cc phiu cng tc, lch cng tc, ngi rt ht. Tho ht cc tip a di ng, thu hi bin bo ro chn. 2. Kim tra s hot ng tt ca cc rle bo v, con bi tn hiu c gii tr. 3. Cc my ct lin quan n my bin p sn sng lm vic. 4. Kim tra ng h nhit du, nhit cun dy bnh thng. 5. Tro ln my bin p kim tra: Rle hi khng c kh ng hai bng u ni, mc du my bin p, OLTC, s xuyn bnh thng, van an ton khng d du, cc tn hiu c gii tr, van p lc du OLTC cn van v tr thng ng, van cnh bm u m nhn thy hnh tam gic (), khng c hin tng d r du my bin p, s xuyn khng rn nt, khng c vt l trn nc my. 6. Kim tra OLTC hot ng bnh thng, kho ch ti t iu khin my bin p BUE 1 l remote, ti t trung gian my bin p l pararell, remote. Cc nc phn p ti cc pha ca my bin p cng l 17. 7. Kim tra tip a v my bin p v tip a trung tnh my bin p. 8. Kim tra h thng chng st 3 pha ca my bin p. 9. Kim tra v vn hnh th h thng lm mt my bin p. 10. Kim tra cc trang b phng chy v h thng cu ho ca my bin p. 11. a ton b h thng rle bo v v t ng iu khin vo v tr sn sng lm vic. 12. Chun b s thao tc ng in khi c lnh ca A0. - 17 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com III. Yu cn khi ng in xung kch my bin p 1. Nu c b xung du phi my bin p n nh sau 12 gi mi ng in. 2. Cc bo v rle sn sng lm vic. 3. ng in nh mc vo my bin p, kim tra ting ku, rung, cc ng h o lng v tnh trng du my bin p. 4. ng ct, kim tra 3 ln my bin p mi ln cch nhau 5 pht. 5. Nu my bin p bnh thng mi cho mang ti bnh thng. IV. Yu cu khi ng in khng ti 1. Khi c b xung du phi my bin p n nh sau 12 gi mi ng in. 2. Bo v rle phi chnh nh theo phiu ring. 3. i vi my bin p mi lp hoc i tu c th lm thay i v tr pha th trc khi a vo vn hnh phi th ng v pha vi li hoc my bin p vn hnh song song. 4. ng in bng in p nh mc.

Chng 5 Kim tra mba lc vn hnh bnh thng I. Trong vn hnh bnh thng trng kp v trc chnh phi kim tra cc hng mc sau: 1. Cc rle bo v vn hnh bnh thng, khng c tn hiu con bi ri. 2. Cn c vo ng h o lng ti phng iu khin c kim chng ti t iu khin my bin p, mi gi trc chnh phi ghi thng s ca my bin p. 3. Mt ca t nht trc chnh v trng kp phi kim tra my bin p theo cc hng mc sau: - Ting ku, rung ca my bin p phi bnh thng. - Mc du ca bnh du ph, s xuyn phi . - Nhit ca cc cun dy, lp du trn v s khi ng ca h thng lm mt. - S xuyn khng b rn nt, khng b phng in. - Xilicazell c mu xanh, cc du phi . - Khng c d r du my bin p. - H thng lm mt lm vic tt, chy th nu cn. - Kim tra h thng thanh ci, khng c pht nhit ti cc im tip xc. - Kim tra trang b phng chy v h thng nc cu ho phi tt. - 18 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com

Chng 6 X l s c my bin p lc iu 1 Nu khi kim tra my bin p thy c hin tng khng bnh thng nh chy du, mc du trong bnh du ph thp, nhit my tng cao, ting ku khng bnh thng ... th nhn vin vn hnh phi xc nh r tnh cht h hng. Nu thy h hng khng cn thit phi ct my ngay th nhn vin vn hnh trong ca phi c gng x l, nu khng x l c phi bo ngay cho trm trng, ph trng trm hoc t trng sa cha c lin quan v ghi vo s nht k vn hnh. iu 2 i vi nhng trng hp sau y phi tch my bin p ra khi vn hnh: 1. My c ting ku mnh, khng u v rung chuyn bn trong. 2. S pht nng ca my tng ln bt thng v lin tc trong iu kin ph ti n nh. 3. Du trn ra ngoi bnh du ph hoc van an ton lm vic. 4. Mc du ca thng du my bin p hoc ca b chuyn nc di ti h thp di mc quy nh v tip tc h thp. 5. Mu sc ca du thay i t ngt. 6. Cc s u vo b v, rn nt v phng in b mt hoc b cn du. iu 3 Khi my bin p b qu ti v nhit my bin p tng cao, nhn vin vn hnh phi xin kin cp trn tm bin php iu chnh v gim bt ph ti ca my. iu 4 Khi nhit du hoc cun dy my bin p tng cao n mc bo tn hiu, nhn vin trc ca phi tm nguyn nhn v bin php gim bt nhit bng cch: 1. Kin tra ph ti my bin p v nhit mi trng. 2. Kim tra cc thit b lm mt: Cc ng c bm du v qut lm mt. Nu nhit ca my bin p tng cao do thit b lm mt khng t ng chy th phi chuyn h thng lm mt sang ch vn hnh bng tay v bo cho nhn vin sa cha. Nu thit b lm mt khng th chy bng tay do b hng m c iu kin ct my sa cha th xin ct my. Khi iu kin vn hnh khng cho php ct my, th ch dng ring thit b lm mt ng thi nhn vin trc ca c th xin iu chnh gim bt ph ti ca my bin p trong iu kin vn hnh khng c thit b lm mt. - 19 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com iu 5 Trong trng hp my bin p t ngu b ct do tc ng ca cc bo v chng h hng bn trong nh bo v rle hi v bo v so lch hoc mt trong hai bo v th phi: - Kim tra li vic ct in ca thit b. - Nu my bin p b chy th phi t chc cha chy. - Kim tra thit b trong phm vi vng tc ng ca bo v tm nguyn nhn ct in. - Bo vi iu A0 v k s chnh nh my a thit b ra sa cha. - Bo cho trng trm, ph trng trm huy ng lc lng t chc sa cha. Trong trng hp my bin p b ct do cc bo v khc khng lin quan n h hng bn trong my th cho php ch cn kim tra s b bn ngoi my, nu khng pht hin thy hin tng bt thng g th xin kin iu A0 cho ng li my bin p. iu 6 Khi rle hi bo tn hiu, nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra bn ngoi my bin p. Nu thy c du hiu h hng s hay thng du th phi bo vi iu A0 k s chnh nh my xin ct my. Nu kim tra thy khng c hin tng trn th c th my bin p tip tc lm vic nhng phi theo di thng xuyn v bo ngay cho lnh o trm v nhn vin sa cha. Nu c xut hin kh trong rle hi v bo v tip tc bo tn hiu th phi xin kin iu v k s chnh nh my dng my kim tra. Nhn vin vn hnh sau khi nhn c lnh ct in ca iu cn phi: - Xin gim ti v ct in my bin p. - Cha cn tch my bin p ra m tin hnh ly mu kh, kim tra tnh cht chy ca kh v phn tch ho hc. - Nu kh chy th phi tch my bin p ra ngay. - Nu kh khng chy th phi x l theo quyt nh ca k s chnh nh my. iu 7 Nu mc du h thp di mc quy nh th phi kim tra xem xt my bin p tm nguyn nhn chy du. Nu pht hin c nguyn nhn th phi tm mi cch x l vic d chy du, bo cho iu , lnh o nh my, trm bit v gi nhn vin sa cha x l. Nu kim tra khng thy nguyn nhn gim mc du th phi tip tc theo di. Nu thy mc du tip tc gim thp th phi xin kin iu , lnh o nh my ct my. Nu v nhit tng cao lm mc du trong my bin p ln qu cao hn mc quy nh th phi bo co trm trng tho bt du khi my. iu 8 Tt c mi x l cc hin tng bt thng v s c my bin p u phi ghi y vo h s my bin p. - 20 -

Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Ch thch thit b my bin p 1. Thng du MBA 2. S cao p 3. S trung p 4. S h p 5. S trung tnh 6. H thng lm mt 7. Qut 8. Bnh du ph cho thng du chnh 9. Bnh du ph cho b iu p di ti 10. ng h ch mc du 11. Van x du v ly mu du 12. Van x du ca b OLTC 13. Rle hi (buccholz) 14. Van ngn cch rle hi 15. Van x du ca rle hi 16. Van ngn cch b OLTC 17. Rle dng du b OLTC 18. Bm du 19. ng h ch th lng du 20. Van x du v van lc du ca b lm mt 21. Van ngn cch ca b lm mt 22. Tay ng van ca b lm mt 23. B la chn u phn p 24. S sn xut 25. Bnh rng truyn ng 26. a iu khin cho cng tc chuyn mch 27. Ngng nh v 28. M tng v m ng 29. in tr chuyn i 30. Vnh bo v 31. Trc truyn ng bng vt liu cch in 32. L kim tra 33. im u tip a 34. Giong 35. Hp truyn ng c ch th v tr 36. S sn xut 37. L so gim chn 38. B chuyn mch

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Ngun tI liu: Http://bkeps.com Ch thch b iu chnh in p di ti 1. Np y 2. Van x v ly mu du 3. Mc cu 4. Rle p lc du c van th nghim 5. Mt trn ca OLTC 6. Vnh bo v 7. ng x v ly mu du 8. Cng tc chuyn mch 9. ng cch in 10. Tip im phch cm 11. Cc u ni ca chuyn nc 12. Van tit lu 13. Mt di 14. im u dy 15. Cam 16. Cc u ni ca cng tc chuyn mch 17. Mch chn u phn p 18. Vnh bo v 19. M ng tip im chuyn i u phn p 20. M tnh tip im chuyn i u phn p 21. Thanh cch in c tip im c nh 22. B chuyn i ng 23. B la chn u phn p 24. S sn xut 25. Bnh rng truyn ng 26. a iu khin cho cng tc chuyn mch 27. Ngng nh v 28. M tnh v m ng 29. in tr chuyn i 30. Vnh bo v 31. Trc truyn ng bng vt liu cch in 32. L kim tra 33. im u tip a 34. Giong 35. Hp truyn ng c ch th v tr 36. S sn xut 37. L so gim chn 38. B chuyn mch.

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