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HNG DN GII CHI TIT MN HA KHI B NM 2009

( M 475 ) C nhiu cch gii, cch gii ca ti ch mang tnh tham kho cho mi ngui. Trong qu trnh tnh ton v nh my c th c nhng sai st. Mong mi ngi b qua. V thi TN, nn ti ch gii mang tnh cht vn tt v gi .

Cu 1: Cho hn hp X gm CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Ly 8,6 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch brom (d) th khi lng brom phn ng l 48 gam. Mt khc, nu cho 13,44 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 36 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca CH4 c trong X l A. 20%. Gii: CH4: x mol C2H4: y mol C2H2: z mol mhh = 16x + 28y + 26z = 8,6 g (1) Tc dng vi Br2 C2H4 + Br2 C2H2 + 2Br2 nBr2 = y + 2z = 0,3 mol (2) - Cho 0,6 mol hn hp tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 C2H2 + AgNO3/NH3 0,15 C2Ag2 0,15 mol B. 50%. C. 25%. D. 40%.

- Nu cho 8,6 g hn hp ( ng vi x + y + z mol ) phn ng vi AgNO3 /NH3 th nC2Ag2 = nC2H2 = z ( 0,6 mol hn hp thu 0,15 mol kt ta x+y+z ...z ) Ta c t l :

y z z = 0,6 0,15

x+y-3z=0 (3)

Gii (1),(2),(3)

x = 0,2 ; y = 0,1 ; z = 0,1

%V CH4 = 50%. B Cu 2: S dipeptit ti a c th to ra t hn hp alanin v glyxin l A. 1. Gii: Alanin: CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH Glyxin: H2N-CH2-COOH B. 2. C. 3. D. 4

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ipeptit c to thnh t 2 amino axit

c 4 loi

Ala-ala: H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH(CH3)-COOH Gly-gly: H2N-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH Ala-gly (gly-ala): H2N-CH(CH3)-CO-NH-CH2-COOH Hoc: HOOC-CH(CH3)-HN-OC-CH2-NH2 D Cu 3: Th nghim no sau y c kt ta sau phn ng A. Cho dung dch NaOH n d vo dung dch Cr(NO3)3. B. Cho dung dch HCl n d vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hoc Na[Al(OH)4]). C. Thi CO2 n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2. D. Cho dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch AlCl3. Gii: A. NaOH + Cr(NO3)3 Cr(OH)3 + NaOH Al(OH)3 + HCl B. HCl + NaAlO2 + H2O C. 2CO2 d + Ca(OH)2 D. NH3 + AlCl3 + H2O ta D Cu 4: Cho cc phn ng sau: (a) 4HCl + PbO2 (b) HCl + NH4HCO3 (c) 2HCl + 2HNO3 (d) 2HCl + Zn PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O. NH4Cl + CO2 + H2O. 2NO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O. Cr(OH)3 ( lng tnh ) + NaCrO2 hoc Na[Cr(OH)4] (tan) Al(OH)3 + Ca(HCO3)2 Al(OH)3 + NH4Cl c kt AlCl3 +(tan)

Do tnh baz ca NH3 rt yu nn ko th phn ng vi Al(OH)3, ng thi cng ko th to phc

ZnCl2 + H2.

S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh kh l A. 4. Gii:

1

B. 3.

C. 2.

D. 1.

(a) H Cl

Cl 2 + 2e
0

: kh

(b) th hin tnh axit

1

(c) H Cl

Cl 2

+ 2e

: kh

(d) 2H+ + 2e

H2 : oxi ha

C: 2 (a) v (c) Cu 5: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy

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hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO2. Cng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln lt l A. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%. C. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87%. Gii: X: RCOOH ( CnH...) : x mol Y: R(COOH)2 (CnH): y mol RCOOH R(COOH)2 X Y Tc dng vi Na 1/2H2 H2 B. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%. D. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88%.

nH2 = x/2 + y = 0,2 (1) t chy ( X, Y cng s C ) nCO2 nCO2

nCO2 = (x + y)n = 0,6 Nhn p n thy, Y ch c 2 cht l: (COOH)2 ( n = 2 ) CH2(COOH)2 (n=3) Xt : n = 2 Gii (1), (2) A Cu 6: Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X l A. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic. C. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic. Gii: a mol X + Na a mol H2 a mol CO2 B. axit aipic. D. etylen glicol. X l CH3COOH X l C2H5COOH hoc C2H3COOH hoc C2HCOOH ( d thy loi TH ny, v nhiu

TH X nh vy s ko tnh c % khi lng ) x + y = 0,3 (2) x = 0,2 ; y = 0,1 tnh ra % (COOH)2 = 42,86%

X c 2 nhm chc -OH hoc COOH hoc c 2 nhm chc . a mol X + NaHCO3

X phi c 1 nhm COOH v 1 nhm OH ( v 2 nhm COOH to ra 2a mol CO2 ) Loi p n : A, D ( c 2 nhm OH), B ( c 2 nhm COOH) C : HO-CH2-CH2-COOH Cu 7: Cho 61,2 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Fe3O4 tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long, un nng v khuy u. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 3,36 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc), dung dch Y v cn li 2,4 gam kim loi. C cn dung dch Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l

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A. 137,1. Gii: ( bi ny hay ) Ch d Cu

B. 108,9.

C. 97,5.

D. 151,5.

Fe3O4 phn ng ht, c th Cu phn ng 1 phn vi HNO3

Dng LBT e Fe3O4 x Cu y

+5

3Fe3+ + e 3x Cu + 2e y 2y NO
2+

x ( nu Cu ko phn ng, th sau khi tnh ton y = 0, ko cn phi xt nhiu TH)

N + 3e

0,45 0,15 x + 2y = 0,45 (1) Cu cn phn ng vi Fe3+ trn, do Cu cn d Cu + 2Fe3+ 3x/2 3x Cu2+ + 2Fe2+ 3x/2 3x Fe3+ ht 3x mol

mhh kim loi = mFe3O4 + mCu phn ng + mCu cn d = 232.x + 64.(y+3x/2) + 2,4 = 61,2 328x + 64y = 58,8 (2) (1),(2) x=y=0,15

M mui = mCu(NO3)2 + mFe(NO3)2 = 188.(y+3x/2) + 180.3x = 151,5 C Cu 8: Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l: A. Mg, K, Si, N. Gii Bn knh nguyn t cng ln khi tnh kim loi cng ln, v tnh phi kim cng nh Nh vy bi s i thnh xp theo chiu tnh kim loi gim dn, v phi kim tng dn K >Mg>Si>N B B. K, Mg, Si, N. C. K, Mg, N, Si. D. N, Si, Mg, K.

Cu 9: Cho cc hp cht hu c: (1) ankan; (3) xicloankan; (5) anken; (7) ankin; (2) ancol no, n chc, mch h; (4) ete no, n chc, mch h; (6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), mch h; (8) anehit no, n chc, mch h;

(9) axit no, n chc, mch h; (10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C), n chc. Dy gm cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l: A. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9). B. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8).

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C. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10). Gii: t chy hp cht thu nCO2 = nH2O trng bao nhiu oxi)

D. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9).

cht lun c dng CnH2nOz ( c 1

hoc 1 vng no , ko quan

(Bi ny khi thi ko cn phi vit cng thc, cc cng thc phi hnh dung ngay trong u ) (1) ankan :CnH2n+2 (2) CnH2n+1OH hay CnH2n+2O (3) CnH2n ( 1 vng no ) (4) = (2) (5) = (3) (6) CnH2n-1OH hay CnH2nO
(7)

CnH2n-2

(8) CnH2n+1CHO hay CmH2mO ( c 1 pi nhm CHO, gc hica no) (9) CnH2n+1COOH hay CmH2mO2 ( c 1 pi nhm COOH, gc hica no) (10) B CnH2n-1COOH hay CmH2m-2O2

Cu 10: Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M, thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X c pH l A. 12,8. Gii: H2SO4 HCl 2H+ H+ B. 13,0. C. 1,0. D. 1,2.

nH+ = 0,02 Ba(OH)2 2OHNaOH OHnOH-= 0,04 H+ + OH0,02 0,02 [OH-] d = 0,02: 0,2 = 0,1 M pOH = 1 pH = 13 B H2O

Cu 11: Thc hin cc th nghim sau: (I) Cho dung dch NaCl vo dung dch KOH. (II) Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2. (III) in phn dung dch NaCl vi in cc tr, c mng ngn.

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(IV) Cho Cu(OH)2 vo dung dch NaNO3. (V) Sc kh NH3 vo dung dch Na2CO3. (VI) Cho dung dch Na2SO4 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2. Cc th nghim u iu ch c NaOH l: A. I, II v III. B. II, V v VI. C. II, III v VI. D. I, IV v V

Gii: ( cu ny n gin ) p n: C

Cu 12: Cho cc hp cht sau: (a) HOCH2-CH2OH. (c) HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH. (e) CH3-CH2OH. A. (a), (c), (d). Gii: Cc cht phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 to phc phi c nhiu nhm OH cc C lin k nhau A Cu 13: Ho tan hon ton 2,9 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v oxit ca n vo nc, thu c 500 ml dung dch cha mt cht tan c nng 0,04M v 0,224 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Kim loi M l A. Ca. Gii: M: x mol M2On : y mol - Tc dng vi nc M x M 2O n y M(OH)n + n/2 H2 x nx/2 2M(OH)n 2y xn = 0,02 B. K. C. Na. D. Ba. (b) HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH. (d) CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH. (f) CH3-O-CH2CH3. B. (c), (d), (f). C. (a), (b), (c). D. (c), (d), (e).

Cc cht u tc dng c vi Na, Cu(OH)2 l:

nH2 = nx/2 = 0,01 mol nM(OH)n = x + 2y = 0,02

Ch c kim loi kim v kim th phn ng vi nc n=1 (kim loi kim) x = 0,02 , y = 0

n = 1, 2

loi p n B, C

n=2 ( kim loi kim th )

x= 0,01, y = 0,005

mhh = 0,01.M + 0,005. (2M + 16.2) = 2,9 M = 137 D Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. th rn, NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th phn t. Ba

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B. Kim cng c cu trc tinh th phn t. C. Nc thuc loi tinh th phn t. D. Photpho trng c cu trc tinh th nguyn t. Gii: A. th rn, NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th ion: cc ion Na+ v Cl- cc nt mng lin kt vi nhau thnh 1 mng tinh th hnh lp phng cn i. B. Kim cng c cu trc tinh th nguyn t in hnh: mi 1 C lin kt vi 4 C bn cnh trn 4 nh ca 1 t din u C. Nc thuc loi tinh th phn t: cc phn t nc lit kt vi nhau = lin kt H cht ch trong mng tinh th nc . D. Photpho trng c cu trc tinh th phn t: mi nt mng l 1 phn t P4 (gm 4 nguyn t P lin kt yu vi nhau thnh 1 hnh t din ) C Cu 15: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X, thu c 0,351 gam H2O v 0,4368 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Bit X c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim khi un nng. Cht X l A. C2H5CHO. Gii: X tc dng vi Cu(OH)2/NaOH nCO2 = nH2O =0,0195 mol X c dng CnH2nOz ( c 1 lin kt pi ) A Cu 16: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2. Khi phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z; cn Y to ra CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc cht Z v T ln lt l A. CH3NH2 v NH3. C. CH3OH v CH3NH2. Gii: X, Y + NaOH X + NaOH X, Y l axit, este hoc mui ca 1 baz yu H2NCH2COONa + Z Z: CH3OH CH2=CHCOONa + T T: NH3 B. C2H5OH v N2. D. CH3OH v NH3. loi D ( v c 2 pi ) loi B, C B. CH2=CH-CH2-OH. C. CH3COCH3. D. O=CH-CH=O.

X l H2N-CH2-COO-CH3 Y + NaOH

Y: CH2=CH-COONH4 D

Cu 17: Cho 2,24 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X v m gam cht rn Y. Gi tr ca m l A. 2,80. B. 0,64. C. 4,08. D. 2,16.

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Gii: nFe = 0,04 nAg+=0,02 nCu2+=0,1 Fe + 2Ag+ 0,01 Fe + Cu 0,03

+

Fe2+ + 2Ag 0,01 Fe + Cu 0,03

2+ 2+

0,02
2+

0,02

0,03

Fe, Ag ht, Cu d mY = mAg + mCu = 0,02.108 + 0,03.64 = 4,08 g C

Cu 18: Ha tan hon ton 20,88 gam mt oxit st bng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch X v 3,248 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). C cn dung dch X, thu c m gam mui sunfat khan. Gi tr ca m l A. 48,4. Gii: FexOy + H2SO4 SO2 B. 52,2. C. 58,0. D. 54,0.

Ch c th l FeO hoc Fe3O4 S+6 + 2e 0,29 SO2 0,145

n e FexOy cho = 0,29 mol - Nu l FeO FeO Fe3+ + e 0,29 ng ( v 2Fe3+ Fe2(SO4)3 )

0,29 0,29

mFeO = 0,29.72 = 20,88

mFe2(SO4)3 = 0,29/2.400 = 58g Fe3O4 0,29 mFe3O4 = 67,28 g C ( Nu l Fe3O4 3Fe3+ + e 0,29 sai )

Cu 19: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu c 22,4a lt kh H2 ( ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l A. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH. C. HO-C6H4-COOH. B. HO-C6H4-COOCH3. D. CH3-C6H3(OH)2.

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Gii: a mol X + Na thu a mol H2 a mol X + a mol NaOH este COOCc p n B,C,D u + NaOH theo t l 1:2 A HO-CH2-C6H4-OH + NaOH HO-CH2-C6H4-OH + 2Na HO-CH2-C6H5-ONa + H2O (1:1) NaO-CH2-C6H4-ONa + H2 loi X phi c 2 nhm OH hoc COOH c 1 nhm OH gn vng benzene ( phenol ) hoc 1 nhm COOH hoc 1 nhm

Cu 20: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri sang phi l: A. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO. C. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO. Gii: Nhng cht c lin kt H gia cc phn t th nhit si cao hn cht ko c lin kt H Nhng cht c nhiu lin kt H hn hay lin kt H bn hn th nhit si cao hn Nhng cht c cng dng lin kt H m c M ln hn th nhit si cao hn B. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO. D. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.

Hidrocacbon, ete,andehit, xeton, este l nhng cht ko c lin kt H Ancol n chc c 1 lin kt H Axit hu c n chc c 2 lin kt H v lin kt bn hn ca ancol D : CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.

Cu 21: Khi nhit phn hon ton tng mui X, Y th u to ra s mol kh nh hn s mol mui tng ng. t mt lng nh tinh th Y trn n kh khng mu, thy ngn la c mu vng. Hai mui X, Y ln lt l: A. CaCO3, NaNO3. Gii: Y chy vi mu vng A. CaCO3 C. Cu(NO3)2 B 2KMnO4 NaNO3 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 NaNO2 + 1/2O2 mui ca Na loi D loi loi B. KMnO4, NaNO3. C. Cu(NO3)2, NaNO3. D. NaNO3, KNO3.

CaO + CO2 ( nCO2 = nCaCO3 )

CuO + 2NO2 + 1/2O2 ( n kh > n Cu(NO3)2 )

Cu 22: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y l ng ng k tip, u tc dng vi Na v c phn ng trng bc. Bit phn trm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33% v 43,24%. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y tng ng l A. HOCH2CH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CH2CHO.

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B. HOCH2CHO v HOCH2CH2CHO. C. HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2CH3. D. HOCH(CH3)CHO v HOOCCH2CHO. Gii: X, Y + Na v AgNO3/NH3 loi C v este ko phn ng vi Na

Loi D v ko phi l 2 cht ng ng Cc p n A, B u l tp chc ancol v andehit X: cng thc X dng CnH2nO2

32 %O 53,33 = = %C , H 14n 46,67

B

n = 2 ( X c 2 C

Y c 3 C )

Cu 23: Cho mt s tnh cht: c dng si (1); tan trong nc (2); tan trong nc Svayde (3); phn ng vi axit nitric c (xc tc axit sunfuric c) (4); tham gia phn ng trng bc (5); b thu phn trong dung dch axit un nng (6). Cc tnh cht ca xenluloz l: A. (3), (4), (5) v (6). Gii: (1) do c to bi cc gc mch thng, dng si. (2) Cc polisaccarit ( tinh bt, xenlulo..) u ko tan trong nc. (3) Xenlulo khng ha tan Cu(OH)2 nhng tan c trong [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2 ( nc Svayde) (4) Phn ng vi HNO3 c to xenluloz trinitrat lm thuc sng ko khi. (5) Khng c nhm CHO nn khng tham gia phn ng kh AgNO3/NH3 hay Cu(OH)2/NaOH (6) Cc polisaccarit ( tinh bt, xenlulo..) u b thy phn cho monosaccarit B glucozo lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt -1,4-glucozit nn c cu to B. (1), (3), (4) v (6). C. (1), (2), (3) v (4). D. (2), (3), (4) v (5).

Cu 24: Ho tan m gam hn hp gm Al, Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 (d) vo dung dch X, thu c kt ta Y. Nung Y trong khng kh n khi lng khng i, thu c cht rn Z l A. hn hp gm Al2O3 v Fe2O3. C. hn hp gm BaSO4 v FeO. Gii: Al + H2SO4 Fe Al2(SO4)3 + H2 FeSO4 2+ 2+

B. hn hp gm BaSO4 v Fe2O3. D. Fe2O3.

X: Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4, H2SO4 d X + Ba(OH)2: BaSO4 Fe(OH)2

-

Ba + SO42Fe + 2OH

10

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Y: BaSO4, Fe(OH)2 Nung Y Fe2O3 + H2O Fe(OH)2 + O2 B

Z: BaSO4, Fe2O3

Cu 25: Hn hp X gm hai este no, n chc, mch h. t chy hon ton mt lng X cn dng va 3,976 lt kh O2 ( ktc), thu c 6,38 gam CO2. Mt khc, X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c mt mui v hai ancol l ng ng k tip. Cng thc phn t ca hai este trong X l A. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2. C. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2. Gii: CTTQ cho 2 este X: C n H 2 n O2 B. C2H4O2 v C5H10O2. D. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2.

C n H 2 n O2 + (3 n /2 -1 ) O2
0,1775

n CO2
0,145

(3n /2 - 1 ) n = 0,1775 0,145

A

n =3,6

Cu 26: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c 3,67 gam mui khan. Mt khc 0,02 mol X tc dng va vi 40 gam dung dch NaOH 4%. Cng thc ca X l A. H2NC3H5(COOH)2. B. (H2N)2C3H5COOH. C. H2NC2H3(COOH)2. D. H2NC3H6COOH. Gii: 0,02 mol X + 0,02 mol HCl 0,02 mol X + 0,04 mol NaOH X: H2N-R(COOH)2 X + HCl (HOOC)2R-NH3Cl C3H5 M mui khan = 3,67/0,02 = 183,5 (g/mol) R = 41 A X c 1 nhm NH2 loi B loi D

X c 2 nhm COOH

Cu 27: in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl2 0,1M v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l A. 5,40. B. 4,05. C. 2,70. D. 1,35.

11

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Gii: Cng thc Faraday S mol Cl2 thot ra khi in phn trong thi gian t (s): nCl2 = It/F.n = 5.3860/96500.2 = 0,1 mol n: s e Cl- trao i in cc l 2 2ClCl2 + 2e

CuCl2 in phn trc: CuCl2 0,05 Cu + Cl2 0,05

nCl2 thot ra khi in phn NaCl l 0,1 0,05 = 0,05 mol NaCl + H2O 0,1 NaOH + 1/2H2 + 1/2Cl2 0,1 0,05

(NaCl d = 0,15 ko b in phn) NaOH + Al + H2O nAl = 0,1 C m Al = 2,7 NaAO2 + 3/2H2

Cu 28: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 800 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO3)2 0,2M v H2SO4 0,25M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,6m gam hn hp bt kim loi v V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m v V ln lt l A. 10,8 v 4,48. Gii: (bi ny hay v kh ) nCu2+ = 0,16 nNO3- = 0,32 ( = 2nCu(NO3)2 ) nH+ = 0,4 ( = 2nH2SO4 ) Do sau phn ng thu c hn hp kim loi l Fe, Cu Fe + NO3- + 4H+ 0,1 V= 2,24 lit 0,1 0,4 loi A, C 3Fe2+ Fe2+ + Cu 0,16 Fe3+ + NO + 0,1 0,1 Fe d, H+, Cu2+ ht B. 10,8 v 2,24. C. 17,8 v 4,48. D. 17,8 v 2,24.

Fe d s phn ng vi Fe3+ trc khi phn ng vi Cu2+ ( v tnh oxi ha ca Fe3+ > Cu2+ ) Fe + 2Fe3+ 0,05 0,1 Fe + Cu2+ 0,16 0,16

Sau phn ng khi lng kim loi gim i 0,4m gam, do mFe phn ng > mCu tch ra 0,4m = mFep mCu = 56(0,1+ 0,05+0,16) 64.0,16 = 7,12g m = 17,8 D

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Cu 29: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v Fe3O4 trong iu kin khng c khng kh. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung dch Y, cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dung dch Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 48,3. Gii: X + NaOH H2 nn Al d, Fe3O4 ht 4Al2O3 + 9Fe x/2 3x/8 B. 45,6. C. 36,7. D. 57,0.

8Al + 3Fe3O4 x

X: Al2O3, Fe, Al d ( y mol ) + NaOH Al y Al2O3 x/2 NaAlO2 + 3/2H2 y 3y/2 2NaAlO2 x y = 0,1 x = 0,4

nH2 = 3y/2 = 0,15

nNaAlO2 = x + y = 0,5

m = m Al + mFe3O4 = 27.0,5 + 232.3.0.4/8 = 48,3 A

Cu 30: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm hu c duy nht. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y khng lm mt mu nc brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cu to ca anken l A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3. C. CH2=C(CH3)2. Gii: Anken + HBr 1 sn phm duy nht anken c cu trc i xng loi C, D B. CH2=CH2. D. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3.

Gi s ly 1mol X: x mol anken CnH2n v (1-x) mol H2 mX = 14nx + 2 (1-x)

M X = m X : nX = mX = 18,2 (g/mol ) ( v nX = 1 )
un nng X thu Y ko lm mt mu Br2 CnH2n + H2 x nY = (1 x) mol x CnH2n+2 x ( sau phn ng gim i x mol ) anken ht, H2 d

M y = mY : nY = mX : nY = 18,2 : (1-x) = 26
x = 0,3 mX = 14n.0,3 + 2 (1-0,3) = 18,2 n=4

(LBTKL, mX = mY )

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A Cu 31: Dy gm cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp: A. stiren; clobenzen; isopren; but-1-en. B. 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten; propilen; stiren; vinyl clorua. C. 1,2-iclopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen. D. buta-1,3-ien; cumen; etilen; trans-but-2-en. Gii: Cc cht ko tham gia trng hp c A. clobenzen: C6H5-Cl C. 1,2-iclopropan: Cl-CH2-CHCl-CH3 v toluene: C6H5-CH3 D. cumen: C6H5-CH(CH3)2 B 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten : CF2=CF2 (-CF2-CF2-) (Teflon: polime cc k bn )

Cu 32: Cho dung dch cha 6,03 gam hn hp gm hai mui NaX v NaY (X, Y l hai nguyn t c trong t nhin, hai chu k lin tip thuc nhm VIIA, s hiu nguyn t ZX < ZY) vo dung dch AgNO3 (d), thu c 8,61 gam kt ta. Phn trm khi lng ca NaX trong hn hp ban u l A. 52,8%. Gii: ( bi ny hay ) Trong cc nguyn t halogen , tr F cn li Cl, Br, I u to kt ta vi Ag Nu X, Y u to kt ta vi Ag B. 58,2%. C. 47,2%. D. 41,8%.

t CT chung : Na X : a mol Na X + AgNO3 a 85a = 8,61 6,03 Ag X a x = 0,03 + .. tng a ( 108-23) = 85a gam

X = 177,
-

loi v ko c halogen tha mn ( I = 127)

X phi l F ko to kt ta, Y l Cl to kt ta AgCl

nAgCl = nNaCl = 0,06 %NaCl = 41,8 (g) D Cu 33: Cho cht xc tc MnO2 vo 100 ml dung dch H2O2, sau 60 giy thu c 33,6 ml kh O2 ( ktc). Tc trung bnh ca phn ng (tnh theo H2O2) trong 60 giy trn l A. 5,0.10 Gii: H2O2 0,003 1/2O2 + H2O 0,0015 5 mol/(l.s) B. 5,0.10 4 mol/(l.s) C. 2,5.10 4 mol/(l.s) D. 1,0.10 3 mol/(l.s).

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[H2O2 phn ng] = 0,003: 0,1 = 0,03 mol/l Vn tc phn ng v = 0,03/60 = 5,0.10 4 mol/(l.s) B

Cu 34: Khi nhit phn hon ton 100 gam mi cht sau: KClO3 (xc tc MnO2), KMnO4, KNO3 v AgNO3. Cht to ra lng O2 ln nht l A. KMnO4. Gii: KClO3 0,81 KNO3 0,99 KMnO4 AgNO3 3/2O2 1,22 1/2O2 0,49 1/2O2 1/2O2 thu cng t O2 v ngc li. ch xt s mol KClO3 v KNO3 B. KNO3. C. KClO3. D. AgNO3.

- Thy s h s cn bng O2 thot ra t KClO3 nhiu nht, tuy nhin cn phi xt s mol ca cc mui. Mui no c M cng ln th s mol cng nh - Do M ca KMnO4 v AgNO3 > KClO3 C Cu 35: Pht biu no sau y ng: A. Trng ngng buta-1,3-ien vi acrilonitrin c xc tc Na c cao su buna-N. B. T visco l t tng hp. C. Poli(etylen terephtalat) c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng cc monome tng ng. D. Trng hp stiren thu c poli(phenol-fomanehit). Gii: A. Trng hp ko phi trng ngng B. L t nhn to ( do c ch t xenlulozo l 1 polime t nhin ) C. ng nHO-CH2-CH2-OH + n p-HOOC-C6H4-COOH poli(phenol-fomanehit) C (-O-CH2-CH2-OOC-C6H4-CO-)n + 2nH2O

D. Styren trng hp to thnh poli styrene, cn trng ngng phenol vi andehit fomic vi thu c

Cu 36: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH un nng v vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Th tch ca 3,7 gam hi cht X bng th tch ca 1,6 gam kh O2 (cng iu kin v nhit v p sut). Khi t chy hon ton 1 gam X th th tch kh CO2 thu c vt qu 0,7 lt ( ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCOOC2H5. B. O=CH-CH2-CH2OH.

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C. CH3COOCH3. Gii: Do X tc dng c vi NaOH, AgNO3/NH3 nX = nO2 = 1,6/32 = 0,05 mol MX=74 (g/mol) t chy X : CxHyOz X 1/74 xCO2 x/74 mol

D. HOOC-CHO.

loi B, C

nCO2 = x/74 > 0,03125 x > 2,3 loi D ( v ch c 2 C ) A

Cu 37: in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%) thu c m kg Al 3 catot v 67,2 m ( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 67,5. Gii: Hn hp kh X gm: O2, CO2 v CO ( do oxi t chy cc in bng than ch ) 0,1 mol X th c 0,02 mol CO2 (= nCaCO3 ) 3 kmol ..0,6 kmol CO2 Gi s trong 3 kmol hn hp X c: x kmol O2 , 0,6 kmol CO2 v (2,4-x ) kmol CO B. 54,0. C. 75,6. D. 108,0.

M X = [ 32.x + 0,6.44 + (2,4-x)28 ] /3 = 32

x = 0,6 C + O2 0,6 C + 1/2O2 0,9 CO2 0,6 CO 1,8

nO2 tng = 0,6 + 0,6 + 0,9 = 2,1 (kmol) in phn: Al2O3 2Al + 3/2 O2 2,8 mAl = 75,6 kg C Cu 38: Cho hn hp X gm hai hp cht hu c no, n chc tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,4M, thu c mt mui v 336 ml hi mt ancol ( ktc). Nu t chy hon ton lng hn hp X 2,1

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trn, sau hp th ht sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng 6,82 gam. Cng thc ca hai hp cht hu c trong X l A. CH3COOH v CH3COOC2H5. C. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7. Gii: nKOH = 0,04 mol n ancol = 0,015 mol X gm 1 este v 1 axit n este = nancol = 0,015 n axit = 0,04 0,015 = 0,025 mol Do u l este v axit no, n chc mch h t chy: C n H2 n O2 0,04
n CO2 + n H2O

B. C2H5COOH v C2H5COOCH3. D. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5.

CTTQ: C n H2 n O2

0,04n 0,04n
n = 2,75

mCO2 + mH2O = 0,04 n .44 + 0,04 n .18 = 6,82 loi B ( v c 2 cht u > 3 C ) Phng php ng cho Este Cn
n = 2,75

2,75 - m

Axit Cm

n 2,75

neste 2,75 m 0,015 = = naxit n 2,75 0,025

A

3n + 5m = 22

n = 4, m = 2

Cu 39: C cc th nghim sau: (I) Nhng thanh st vo dung dch H2SO4 long, ngui. (II) Sc kh SO2 vo nc brom. (III) Sc kh CO2 vo nc Gia-ven. (IV) Nhng l nhm vo dung dch H2SO4 c, ngui. S th nghim xy ra phn ng ho hc l A. 3. Gii: (I) (II) (III) (IV) A Fe + H2SO4 FeSO4 + H2 HBr + H2SO4 NaHCO3 + HClO ( ko phn ng vi NaCl ) B. 4. C. 1. D. 2.

SO2 + Br2 + H2O Al b th ng

CO2 + H2O + NaClO

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Cu 40: Cho cc phn ng ha hc sau: (1) (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 (3) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 (5) (NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 (2) CuSO4 + Ba(NO3)2 (4) H2SO4 + BaSO3 (6) Fe2(SO4)3 + Ba(NO3)2

Cc phn ng u c cng mt phng trnh ion rt gn l: A. (1), (2), (3), (6). Gii: (1) SO42- + Ba2+ (2) = (1) (3) = (1) (4) H+ + SO42- + BaCO3
24+ 2+

B. (1), (3), (5), (6).

C. (2), (3), (4), (6).

D. (3), (4), (5), (6).

BaSO4

BaSO4 + CO2 + H2O BaSO4 + NH3 + H2O

(5) SO4 + NH + Ba + OH(6) = (1) A

Cu 41: ng dng no sau y khng phi ca ozon? A. Ty trng tinh bt, du n. C. St trng nc sinh hot. Gii: Cc ng dng A, C, D u ng do ozon c tnh oxi ha rt mnh B : thc t ch iu ch ozon t oxi trong PTN cng nh trong CN. B. iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim. D. Cha su rng.

Cu 42: Ho tan hon ton 24,4 gam hn hp gm FeCl2 v NaCl (c t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 2) vo mt lng nc (d), thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch AgNO3 (d) vo dung dch X, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l A. 57,4. B. 10,8. C. 68,2. D. 28,7.

Gii: ( Cu ny hay v d b la ) nFeCl2 = x , nNaCl = 2x m = 127x + 58,5.2x = 2,24 nCl = 0,4 mol nFe2+ = 0,1 mol Dung dch X + AgNO3: Cl- + Ag+ 0,4 Fe + Ag 0,1
2+ + -

x = 0,1

AgCl 0,4 Fe3+ + Ag 0,1 ( d b thiu phn ng ny )

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m cht rn = mAgCl + mAg = 68,2 g C

Cu 43: Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Saccaroz lm mt mu nc brom. B. Glucoz b kh bi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. C. Xenluloz c cu trc mch phn nhnh. D. Amilopectin c cu trc mch phn nhnh. Gii: A. Saccarozo khng c nhm CHO v trong dung dch cng ko th t vng to nhm CHO nn khng tc dng c vi nc brom. B. Glucoz c nhm CHO nhng s b oxi ha bi AgNO3/NH3, ch ko phi b kh. C. Xenlulozo c cu trc mch thng do to bi cc gc 1,4-glucozit. D glucozo lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt -

Cu 44: Cho 100 ml dung dch KOH 1,5M vo 200 ml dung dch H3PO4 0,5M, thu c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X, thu c hn hp gm cc cht l A. K3PO4 v KOH. C. KH2PO4 v H3PO4. Gii: KOH + H3PO4 2KOH + H3PO4 3KOH + H3PO4 KH2PO4 K2HPO4 K3PO4 (1:1) (2:1) (3:1) B. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4. D. KH2PO4 v K3PO4.

1 < nKOH : nH3PO4 = 1,5 < 2 thu c 2 mui : KH2PO4 v K2HPO4 B

Cu 45: Hiro ho hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 1) gam hn hp hai ancol. Mt khc, khi t chy hon ton cng m gam X th cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 10,5. Gii: X: R -CHO ( hoc C n H2 n O ) B. 8,8. C. 24,8. D. 17,8.

R -CHO + H2
LBTKL mH2 = 1 g

R -CH2OH

nH2 = nX = 0,5 ( mol)

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t chy: C n H2 n O + (3 n -1)/2 O2 0,5 0,25 (3 n -1)

nO2 = 0,25 (3 n -1) = 0,8

n = 1,4
m X = (14 n +16).0,5 = 17,8 D

Cu 46: Este X (c khi lng phn t bng 103 vC) c iu ch t mt ancol n chc (c t khi hi so vi oxi ln hn 1) v mt amino axit. Cho 25,75 gam X phn ng ht vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l A. 26,25. Gii: nX = 0,25 mol nNaOH = 0,3 X phn ng ht vi NaOH Ancol c M > 32 X l este n chc v NaOH cn d B. 27,75. C. 24,25. D. 29,75.

ko th l CH3OH nhm ra R l 14 (-CH2-) R l 29 (-C2H5 )

X c dng: H2N-R-COO-R ( ph bin l dng ny ) MX = 103 R + R = 43

X : H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5 H2N-CH2-COO-C2H5 + NaOH 0,25 0,25 m = m mui + mNaOH d = 29,25 A Cu 47: Cho s chuyn ho gia cc hp cht ca crom: Cr(OH)3
KOH

H2N-CH2-COONa + C2H5OH 0,25

Cl 2 KOH

H 2 SO4

FeSO4 H 2 SO4

Cc cht X, Y, Z, T theo th t l: A. KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; K2CrO4; CrSO4. C. KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; K2CrO4; Cr2(SO4)3. Gii: Cr(OH)3 + KOH K2CrO4 + H2SO4 D KCrO2 + H2O ( hoc K[Cr(OH)4] ) K2CrO4 + KCl + H2O Fe2(SO4)3 + Cr2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + H2O K2Cr2O7 + K2SO4 + H2O B. K2CrO4; KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; Cr2(SO4)3. D. KCrO2; K2CrO4; K2Cr2O7; Cr2(SO4)3.

KCrO2 + Cl2 + KOH

K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 + H2SO4

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Cu 48: Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c cht hu c Y (cha 74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi ca X l A. but-2-en. Gii: X + HBr thu c 2 sn phm X l anken: CnH2n + Br2 c cu trc bt i xng loi A, B B. xiclopropan. C. propilen. D. but-1-en.

CnH2nBr2 n=4

% Br 160 74,08 = = %C , H 14n 25,92

D

Cu 49: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l mol 1 : 1. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH. C. HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO. Gii: t 1 mol X X + Na 4 mol CO2 -CHO c 4 C loi D B. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO. D. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO.

c nhm OH hoc COOH

X + AgNO3/NH3 X + Br2 (1:1) C

c 1 ni i C=C

Cu 50: Nhng mt thanh st nng 100 gam vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO3)2 0,2M v AgNO3 0,2M. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra, ra sch lm kh cn c 101,72 gam (gi thit cc kim loi to thnh u bm ht vo thanh st). Khi lng st phn ng l A. 1,72 gam. Gii: nCu2+ = 0,02 nAg+ = 0,02 m thanh tng = 1,72 g Nu Ag+ phn ng ht th Fe + 2Ag+ 0,01 0,02 Fe2+ + 2Ag 0,02
2+

B. 2,16 gam.

C. 0,84 gam.

D. 1,40 gam.

tng (108.2 56).0,01 = 1,6 g < 1,72

Fe cn phn ng vi Cu thanh tng thm 1,72 -1,6 = 0,12 gam Fe + Cu2+ x Fe2+ + Cu x x thanh tng (64-56)x = 0,12 g x = 0,015

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nFe phn ng = 0,025 D

Cu 51: Cho dung dch X cha hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa 0,1M. Bit 25 oC, Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5 v b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 25 oC l A. 2,88. Gii: y l dung dch m CH3COONa 0,1 CH3COOOH Lc u: in li: Cn bng: 0,1 x 0,1-x CH3COO- + Na+ 0,1 CH3COO- + H+ 0,1 x 0,1+x 0 x x B. 4,24. C. 1,00. D. 4,76.

Ka =

[CH 3 COO ][ H ] (0,1 x) x (0,1 x) x = = 1,75.10-5 0,1 x 0,1 [CH 3 COOH ]

0,1 )
-5

( v x << 0,1 nn 0,1-x x = 1,75.10

pH = -lg[1,75.10-5] = 4,76 (g) D

Cu 52: Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng s sau: Benzen

HNO3 c / H 2 SO4

Nitrobenzen

Fe HCl

Anilin

Bit hiu sut giai on to thnh nitrobenzen t 60% v hiu sut giai on to thnh anilin t 50%. Khi lng anilin thu c khi iu ch t 156 gam benzen A. 111,6 gam. Gii: nC6H6 = 2 mol n anilin = 2.50%.60% = 0,6 mol m anilin = 55,8 B B. 55,8 gam. C. 186,0 gam. D. 93,0 gam.

Cu 53: Ha tan hon ton 1,23 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO3 c, nng thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch Y. Sc t t kh NH3 (d) vo dung dch Y, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam kt ta. Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu trong hn

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hp X v gi tr ca m ln lt l A. 78,05% v 2,25. Gii: nCu = x mol nAl = y mol mX = 64x + 27y = 1,23 (1) PT cho nhn e: Cu x Al y Cu2+ + 2e x 2x Al3+ + 3e y 3y N+4 0,06 B. 21,95% v 2,25. C. 78,05% v 0,78. D. 21,95% v 0,78.

N+5 + e 0,06 LBT e

2x + 3y = 0,06 (2) x =0,015 , y =0,01

Gii h (1), (2) %Cu = 78,05%

Dung dch Y + NH3 d m = 0,78 C

thu kt ta l Al(OH)3 v Cu(OH)2 tan ra do to phc [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2

nAl(OH)3 = nAl = y = 0,01

Cu 54: Khi ho tan hon ton 0,02 mol Au bng nc cng toan th s mol HCl phn ng v s mol NO (sn phm kh duy nht) to thnh ln lt l A. 0,03 v 0,01. Gii: Au + HNO3 + 3HCl 0,02 B 0,06 AuCl3 + NO + H2O 0,02 B. 0,06 v 0,02. C. 0,06 v 0,01. D. 0,03 v 0,02.

Cu 55: Phn bn no sau y lm tng chua ca t? A. KCl. Gii: C V NH4Cl c tnh axit do NH4+ B. K2CO3. C. NH4NO3. D. NaNO3.

Cu 56: Cho s chuyn ho: Butan-2-ol

H 2 SO4 c ,t o

X(anken)

HBr

Mg ,ete khan

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Trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca Z l A. (CH3)2CH-CH2-MgBr. C. (CH3)3C-MgBr. Gii: CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-CH3 CH2-CH=CH-CH3 + HBr CH3-CHBr-CH2-CH3 + Mg B
H 2 SO4 c ,t o

B. CH3-CH(MgBr)-CH2-CH3. D. CH3-CH2-CH2 -CH2-MgBr.

CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + H2O

CH3-CHBr-CH2-CH3
ete khan

CH3-CH(MgBr)-CH2-CH3

Cu 57: Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Glucoz tn ti dng mch h v dng mch vng. B. dng mch h, glucoz c 5 nhm OH k nhau. C. Khi glucoz dng vng th tt c cc nhm OH u to ete vi CH3OH. D. Glucoz tc dng c vi nc brom. Gii: C V ch c OH gn vi C1 trong phn t glucozo dng vng mi phn ng c v n linh ng hn.

Cu 58: Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Oxi ho hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO nhit thch hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu c Y. Cho Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l A. 13,5. Gii: TH1: 2 andehit u to ra 2Ag ( ko c HCHO ) X: R CH2OH + CuO 0,2 B. 8,1. C. 8,5. D. 15,3.

R CHO
0,2 2Ag 0,4 # 0,5 loi

R CHO + AgNO3/NH3
0,2

TH2: hn hp andehit c HCHO CH3OH x C2H5OH y Gii h: x+ y = 0,2 HCHO x CH3CHO y 4Ag 4x 2Ag 2y

ancol l CH3OH v ancol k tip l C2H5OH

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Compiled by nnes

black_leopard_9987@yahoo.com 098 341 9987

4x + 2y = 0,5 x =0,05; y = 0,15 m = 0,05.32 + 0,15.46 = 8,5 C

Cu 59: Cho 0,04 mol mt hn hp X gm CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v CH2=CH-CHO phn ng va vi dung dch cha 6,4 gam brom. Mt khc, trung ho 0,04 mol X cn dng va 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75 M. Khi lng ca CH2=CH-COOH trong X l A. 0,72 gam. Gii: CH2=CH-COOH : x mol CH3COOH : y mol CH2=CH-CHO : z mol nX = x + y + z = 0,04 (1) Tc dng vi dung dch Brom CH2Br-CHBr-COOH CH2Br-CHBr-COOH + HBr B. 1,44 gam. C. 2,88 gam. D. 0,56 gam.

CH2=CH-COOH + Br2 z x

CH2=CH-CHO + 2Br2 + H2O z 2z nBr2 = x + 2z = 0,04 (2) Tc dng vi NaOH C 2 axit phn ng Gii (1), (2),(3)

x + y = 0,03 (3)

x = 0,02; y =0,01 ; z = 0,01

m C2H3COOH = 0,02.72 = 1,99 (g) B Cu 60: Cho cc th in cc chun: E Al 3

o Al

= -1,66V ; E Zn 2

Zn

= -0,76V ; E Pb 2

Pb

= - 0,18V ; E Cu 2

Cu

0,34V. Trong cc pin sau y, pin no c sut in ng chun ln nht? A. Pin Zn Cu. Gii:
o o A. E = E Cu 2 Cu

B. Pin Al Zn.

C. Pin Zn Pb.

D. Pin Pb Cu.

- E Zn 2 - E Al 3
o o

Zn

= 0,34 + 0,76 = 1,1 (V) = 0,9 V

B. Eo = E o 2 Zn C. = E o 2 Pb
o D. = E Cu 2

Zn

Al

Pb

- E Zn 2 - E Pb 2
o

Zn

= 0,58 V = 0,52 V

Cu

Pb

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