GII CC BI TON

TRONG THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2010

Mn thi : HO, khi A - M : 596
2
Cu 1 : Dung dich X co cha: 0,07 mol Na+; 0,02 mol SO4 va x mol OH-. Dung dich Y co cha

ClO 4 , NO3 va y mol H+; tng s mol ClO 4 va NO3 la 0,04. Trn X va Y c 100 ml dung dich Z. Dung
dich Z co pH (bo qua s in li cua H2O) la
A. 1
B. 2
C. 12
D. 13
Gii
p dng nh lut bo ton in tch: tng in tch dng = tng in tch m
Dung dch X:
0,07 = 0,02.2 + x
x = 0,03
Dung dch Y:
y = 0,04
H + + OH- H2O
0,03 0,03 mol
nH+ d = 0,01 mol
[H+] = 0,01/0,1 = 0,1 = 10-1 mol/l
pH = 1
Cu 2 : Cho 19,3 gam hn hp bt Zn va Cu co ti l mol tng ng la 1 : 2 vao dung dich cha 0,2 mol
Fe2(SO4)3. Sau khi cac phan ng xay ra hoan toan, thu c m gam kim loai. Gia tri cua m la
A. 6,40
B. 16,53
C. 12,00
D. 12,80
Gii
Gi x l s mol ca Zn th s mol ca Cu l 2x
65x + 64.2x = 19,3
x = 0,1
V s mol Fe3+ ln hn s mol ca Cu v Zn nn n gin ta lm nh sau:
2Fe3+ + Zn 2Fe2+ + Zn2+
0,2 0,1 mol
2Fe3+ + Cu 2Fe2+ + Cu2+
0,1 0,1 mol
Khi lng kim loi cn li l khi lng ca Cu: 0,1.64 = 6,4g
Cu 3 : Hn hp khi X gm N2 va H2 co ti khi so vi He bng 1,8. un nong X mt thi gian trong binh
kin (co bt Fe lam xuc tac), thu c hn hp khi Y co ti khi so vi He bng 2. Hiu sut cua phan ng
tng hp NH3 la
A. 50%
B. 36%
C. 40%
D. 25%
Gii
Chn s mol ca hn hp l 1.
Gi s mol ca N2 l x, th ca H2 l 1 x, s mol N2 phn ng l a
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
Ban u:
a
1a
Phn ng:
x
3x
2x
Sau phn ng:
a-x 1-a-3x
2x
Hn hp X:
28a + 2(1 a) = 1,8.4
a = 0,2
Hn hp Y c s mol l: a x + 1 a 3x + 2x = 1 2x
mY = (1 2x)2.4
Ta c mX = mY
(1 2x)2.4 = 1,8.4
x = 0,05
0,05

Hiu sut phn ng: 0,2 100 = 25 %

Cu 4 : Trong s cac cht : C3H8, C3H7Cl, C3H8O va C3H9N; cht co nhiu ng phn cu tao nht la

A. C3H7Cl
B. C3H8O
C. C3H8
D. C3H9N
Cu 5: Thc hin cac thi nghim sau :
(I) Suc khi SO2 vao dung dich KMnO4
(II) Suc khi SO2 vao dung dich H2S
(III) Suc hn hp khi NO2 va O2 vao nc
(IV) Cho MnO2 vao dung dich HCl c, nong
(V) Cho Fe2O3 vao dung dich H2SO4 c, nong
(VI) Cho SiO2 vao dung dich HF
S thi nghim co phan ng oxi hoa - kh xay ra la
A. 3
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4
Cu 6: Cho cn bng 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k). Khi tng nhit thi ti khi cua hn hp khi so vi H 2
giam i. Phat biu ung khi noi v cn bng nay la :
A. Phan ng nghich toa nhit, cn bng dich chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit .
B. Phan ng thun toa nhit, cn bng dich chuyn theo chiu nghich khi tng nhit .
C. Phan ng nghich thu nhit, cn bng dich chuyn theo chiu thun khi tng nhit .
D. Phan ng thun thu nhit, cn bng dich chuyn theo chiu nghich khi tng nhit .
Cu 7: Cho m gam NaOH vao 2 lit dung dich NaHCO3 nng a mol/l, thu c 2 lit dung dich X. Ly 1
lit dung dich X tac dung vi dung dich BaCl 2 (d) thu c 11,82 gam kt tua. Mt khac, cho 1 lit dung dich
X vao dung dich CaCl2 (d) ri un nong, sau khi kt thuc cac phan ng thu c 7,0 gam kt tua. Gia tri
cua a, m tng ng la
A. 0,04 va 4,8
B. 0,07 va 3,2
C. 0,08 va 4,8
D. 0,14 va 2,4
Gii
NaOH + NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O
(1)
0,06
0,06 mol
BaCl2 + Na2CO3 BaCO3 + 2NaCl
(2)
0,06
0,06 mol
m = 0,06.2.40 = 4,8g
2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O
(3)
CaCl2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaCl
(4)
0,7
0,7 mol
nNa2CO3 (4) = nNa2CO3 (1) + nNa2CO3 (3)
nNa2CO3 (3) = 0,7 0,6 = 0,1 mol
nNaHCO3 trong mt lt dd = nNaHCO3 (1) + nNaHCO3 (3) = 0,6 + 0,1.2 = 0,8 mol
a = 0,8/1 = 0,8 mol/l
Cu 8: Mt phn t saccaroz co
A. mt gc -glucoz va mt gc -fructoz B. mt gc -glucoz va mt gc -fructoz
C. hai gc -glucoz
D. mt gc -glucoz va mt gc -fructoz
Cu 9: Oxi hoa ht 2,2 gam hn hp hai ancol n chc thanh anehit cn va u 4,8 gam CuO. Cho toan
b lng anehit trn tac dung vi lng d dung dich AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu c 23,76 gam Ag. Hai
ancol la :
A. C2H5OH, C2H5CH2OH
B. C2H5OH, C3H7CH2OH
C. CH3OH, C2H5CH2OH
D. CH3OH, C2H5OH
Gii
n.and = nCuO = 0,06
Gi s khng c andehit fomic: nAg = 2n.and = 0,12 mol
Theo bi nAg = 0,22 mol. Vy c HCHO
HCHO 4Ag
x
4x
RCHO 2Ag
y
2y mol
x + y = 0,06
4x + 2y = 0,22
x = 0,05 ; y = 0,01

M RCH 2O =

2,2 0,05 .32

= 60
0,01

R + 31 = 60
R = 29 (C2H5)
Vy 2 ancol ban u l CH3OH v C2H5CH2OH
Cu 10: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc X va axit cacboxylic n chc Y, u mach h v co cung s
nguyn t C, tng s mol cua hai cht la 0,5 mol (s mol cua Y ln hn s mol cua X). Nu t chay hoan
toan M thi thu c 33,6 lit khi CO 2 (ktc) va 25,2 gam H2O. Mt khac, nu un nong M vi H 2SO4 c
thc hin phan ng este hoa (hiu sut la 80%) thi s gam este thu c la
A. 34,20
B. 27,36
C. 22,80
D. 18,24
Gii
nM = 0,5 mol , nCO2 = 1,5 mol
X v Y u c 3C trong phn t.
Cng thc ca ancol C3H7OH, ca axit C3HkO2
Gi s mol ca X l x, ca Y l y (0,5 > y > 0,5/2 = 0,25)
C3H7OH 3CO2 + 4H2O
x
4x mol
C3HkO2 3CO2 + k/2 H2O
y
ky/2 mol
x + y = 0,5
4x + ky/2 = 1,4
=> y =

1,2
8k

V 0,5 > y > 0,25

k=4
y = 0,3
x = 0,2
V s mol ca ancol nh hn s mol ca axit nn tnh theo s mol ca ancol.
Este thu c c cng thc l: C2H3COOC3H7
mE = 0,2.0,8.114 = 18,24g

Cu 11: Cho dung dich X gm: 0,007 mol Na+; 0,003 mol Ca2+; 0,006 mol Cl-; 0,006 HCO3 va 0,001 mol

NO3 . loai bo ht Ca2+ trong X cn mt lng va u dung dich cha a gam Ca(OH)2 Gia tri cua a la
A. 0,222
B. 0,120
C. 0,444
D. 0,180
Gii

V nCa2+ = 2n HCO 3 nn:

Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 2CaCO3 + 2H2O
0,003
0,003
a = 0,003.74 = 0,222g
Cu 12: Hn hp khi nao sau y khng tn tai nhit thng ?
A. H2 va F2
B. Cl2 va O2
C. H2S va N2

D. CO va O2

Cu 13: un nong hn hp khi X gm 0,02 mol C2H2 va 0,03 mol H2 trong mt binh kin (xuc tac Ni), thu
c hn hp khi Y. Cho Y li t t vao binh nc brom (d), sau khi kt thuc cac phan ng, khi lng
binh tng m gam va co 280 ml hn hp khi Z (ktc) thoat ra. Ti khi cua Z so vi H2 la 10,08. Gia tri cua m
la
A. 0,328
B. 0,205
C. 0,585
D. 0,620
Gii
mX = m + mZ
=> m = mX - mz
mZ = 2.10,08.0,28/22,4 = 0,252g
m = 0,02.26 + 0,03.2 0,252 = 0,328g

Cu 14: Nung nong tng cp cht trong binh kin: (1) Fe + S (r), (2) Fe2O3 + CO (k), (3) Au + O2 (k), (4) Cu
+ Cu(NO3)2 (r), (5) Cu + KNO3 (r) , (6) Al + NaCl (r). Cac trng hp xay ra phan ng oxi hoa kim loai la :
A. (1), (3), (6)
B. (2), (3), (4)
C. (1), (4), (5)
D. (2), (5), (6)
Cu 15: Tng s cht hu c mach h, co cung cng thc phn t C2H4O2 la
A. 3
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 16: Co cac phat biu sau :
(1) Lu huynh, photpho u bc chay khi tip xuc vi CrO3
(2) Ion Fe3+ co cu hinh electron vit gon la [Ar]3d5
(3) Bt nhm t bc chay khi tip xuc vi khi clo
(4) Phen chua co cng thc Na2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O
Cac phat biu ung la
A. (1), (3), (4)
B. (2), (3), (4)
C. (1), (2), (3)
D. (1), (2), (4)
Cu 17: Phat biu nao sau y ung ?
A. Cac kim loai: natri, bari, beri u tac dung vi nc nhit thng
B. Kim loai xeri c dung ch tao t bao quang in
C. Kim loai magie co kiu mang tinh th lp phng tm din
D. Theo chiu tng dn cua in tich hat nhn, cac kim loai kim th (t beri n bari) co nhit nong
chay giam dn
Cu 18: Hoa tan hoan toan m gam ZnSO4 vao nc c dung dich X. Nu cho 110 ml dung dich KOH 2M
vao X thi thu c 3a gam kt tua. Mt khac, nu cho 140 ml dung dich KOH 2M vao X thi thu c 2a
gam kt tua. Gia tri cua m la
A. 32,20
B. 24,15
C. 17,71
D. 16,10
Gii
Bi ton ny s c gii vi trng hp tng qut nht l TN1, Zn(OH)2 bih tan mt phn v TN2 s
mol KOH ln hn nn Zn(OH)2 b tan nhiu hn.
TN1.
nKOH = 0,22 mol
2KOH + ZnSO4 Zn(OH)2 + K2SO4
(1)
2KOH + Zn(OH)2 K2ZnO2 + 2H2O
(2)
Gi x l s mol ca Zn(OH)2 phn ng pt (2)
S mol ca Zn(OH)2 to ra pt (1) l x +
nKOH = 2x + 2( x +

3a
99

3a
) = 0,22 mol
99

(1)

TN2.
nKOH = 0,28
Lng KOH th nghim 2 ln hn TN1 l 0,28 0,22 = 0,06 mol.
Tng t nh trn ta c:
nKOH = (2x + 0,06) + 2( x + 0,03 +

2a
) = 0,28 mol
99

(2)

T (1) v (2) => x = 0,01 ; a = 2,97

nZnSO4 = x +

3a
= 0,1 mol
99

mZnSO4 = 161.0,1 = 16,1g

Cu 19: Cho cac loai t: bng, t capron, t xenluloz axetat, t tm, t nitron, nilon-6,6. S t tng hp la
A. 3
B. 4
C. 2
D.5
Cu 20: Trong s cac phat biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):
(1) Phenol tan it trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung dich HCl
(2) Phenol co tinh axit, dung dich phenol khng lam i mau quy tim
(3) Phenol dung san xut keo dan, cht dit nm mc
(4) Phenol tham gia phan ng th brom va th nitro d hn benzen
Cac phat biu ung la
A. (1), (2), (4)
B. (2), (3), (4)
C. (1), (2), (3)
D. (1), (3), (4)
Cu 21: Co bao nhiu tripeptit (mach h) khac loai ma khi thuy phn hoan toan u thu c 3 aminoaxit:
glyxin, alanin va phenylalanin?

A. 3

B. 9

C. 4

D. 6

Cu 22: Hn hp khi X gm imetylamin va hai hirocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chay hoan toan 100
ml hn hp X bng mt lng oxi va u, thu c 550 ml hn hp Y gm khi va hi nc. Nu cho Y i
qua dung dich axit sunfuric c (d) thi con lai 250 ml khi (cac th tich khi va hi o cung iu kin).
Cng thc phn t cua hai hirocacbon la
A. C2H6 va C3H8
B. C3H6 va C4H8
C. CH4 va C2H6
D. C2H4 va C3H6
Gii
C2H7N 2CO2 + 7/2H2O + 1/2N2
a
2a
7a/2
a/2 ml
CxHy xCO2 + y/2H2O
b
xb
yb/2 ml
a + b = 100
(1)
2a + xb +a/2 = 250
(2)
3,5a + yb/2 = 350
(3)
Thay a (1) vo (2) v (3) c x = 2,5 ; y = 7
C2H6 v C3H8
Cu 23: Phat biu ung la
A. Khi thuy phn n cung cac protein n gian se cho hn hp cac -aminoaxit
B. Khi cho dung dich long trng trng vao Cu(OH)2 thy xut hin phc mau xanh m
C. Enzim amilaza xuc tac cho phan ng thuy phn xenluloz thanh mantoz
D. Axit nucleic la polieste cua axit photphoric va glucoz
Cu 24: t chay hoan toan m gam hn hp 3 ancol n chc, thuc cung day ng ng, thu c 3,808
lit khi CO2 (ktc) va 5,4 gam H2O. Gia tri cua m la
A. 4,72
B. 5,42
C. 7,42
D. 5,72
Gii
nCO2 = 0,17 mol ; nH2O = 0,3 mol
nCO2 < nH2O => ancol no n chc
CnH2n+1OH nCO2 + (n + 1) H2O
0,17
0,3 mol
=> n = 1,307
S mol ca ancol = nH2O nCO2 = 0,13 mol
m = (14.1,307 + 18)0,13 = 4,72g
26
55
26
Cu 25: Nhn inh nao sau y ung khi noi v 3 nguyn t : 13 X, 26 Y, 12 Z ?
A. X, Y thuc cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc
B. X va Z co cung s khi
C. X va Y co cung s ntron
D. X, Z la 2 ng vi cua cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc
Cu 26: Cho x mol Fe tan hoan toan trong dung dich cha y mol H 2SO4 (ti l x : y = 2 : 5), thu c mt
san phm kh duy nht va dung dich chi cha mi sunfat. S mol electron do lng Fe trn nhng khi bi
hoa tan la
A. 3x
B. y
C. 2x
D. 2y
Gii
Dung dch sau phn ng ch c mui (axit ht) nn xy ra phn ng sau
2Fe + 6H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
y/3 y mol
ne = 3.y/3 = y
Cu 27: Axeton c iu ch bng cach oxi hoa cumen nh oxi, sau o thuy phn trong dung dich H 2SO4
loang. thu c 145 gam axeton thi lng cumen cn dung (gia s hiu sut qua trinh iu ch at 75%)
la
A. 300 gam
B. 500 gam
C. 400 gam
D. 600 gam
Gii

C6H5C3H7
120

120 .145 100

x
= 400 g
58
80

CH3COCH3
58g

145g

Cu 28: Cho cac cht: NaHCO3, CO, Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3, HF, Cl2, NH4Cl. S cht tac dung c vi dung
dich NaOH loang nhit thng la
A. 4
B. 5
C. 3
D. 6
Cu 29: Thuy phn hoan toan 0,2 mol mt este E cn dung va u 100 gam dung dich NaOH 24%, thu
c mt ancol va 43,6 gam hn hp mui cua hai axit cacboxylic n chc. Hai axit o la
A. HCOOH va CH3COOH
B. CH3COOH va C2H5COOH
C. C2H5COOH va C3H7COOH
D. HCOOH va C2H5COOH
Gii
nE = 0,2 mol ; nNaOH = 0,6 mol
nNaOH = nE
=> Este 3 chc
(RCOO)2ROOCR 2RCOONa + RCOONa + R(OH)3
0,2
0,4
0,2 mol
(R + 67)0,4 + (R + 67)0,2 = 43,6
2R + R = 17
R = 1 (H) ; R = 15 (CH3)
Cu 30: Cac nguyn t t Li n F, theo chiu tng cua in tich hat nhn thi
A. Ban kinh nguyn t va m in u tng
B. Ban kinh nguyn t tng, m in giam
C. Ban kinh nguyn t giam, m in tng
D. Ban kinh nguyn t va m in u giam
Cu 31: Cho 0,15 mol H2NC3H5(COOH)2 (axit glutamic) vo 175 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung
dch X. Cho NaOH d vo dung dch X. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s mol NaOH phn ng
l
A. 0,50.
B. 0,65.
C. 0,70.
D. 0,55.
Gii
nGlu = 0,15 mol ; nHCl = 0,35 mol
nNaOH = 2n.Glu + nHCl = 0,65 mol
Cu 32: Cho 7,1 gam hn hp gm mt kim loi kim X v mt kim loi kim th Y tc dng ht vi lng
d dung dch HCl long, thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Kim loi X, Y l
A. natri v magie.
B. liti v beri.
C. kali v canxi.
D. kali v bari.
Gii
nH2 = 0,25 mol
nKL > 0,25 mol
7,1

M < 0,25 = 28 ,4
Mt kim loi c nguyn t khi ln hn 28,4 v mt kim loi c nguyn t khi nh hn.
Cu 33: Ha tan hon ton 8,94 gam hn hp gm Na, K v Ba vo nc, thu c dung dch X v 2,688
lt kh H2 (ktc). Dung dch Y gm HCl v H2SO4, t l mol tng ng l 4 : 1. Trung ha dung dch X bi
dung dch Y, tng khi lng cc mui c to ra l
A. 13,70 gam.
B. 18,46 gam.
C. 12,78 gam.
D. 14,62 gam.
Gii
nH2 = 0,12 mol
nOH- = 0,24 mol
trung ha dd X th dung dch Y cn dng vi s mol H+ l 0,24 mol

Gi s mol ca H2SO4 l x th s mol ca HCl l 4x

2x + 4x = 0,24
x = 0,04
Khi lng mui = khi lng kim loi + khi lng gc axit
= 8,94 + 0,04.96 + 0,16.35,5 = 18,46 g
Cu 34: Cho s chuyn ha:
dung dich Br2
O2 , xt
NaOH
CH 3OH ,t 0 , xt
CuO ,t 0
C3H6
X
Y
T
Z
E (Este a chc).
Tn gi ca Y l
A. propan-1,3-iol.
B. propan-1,2-iol.
C. propan-2-ol.
D. glixerol.
Cu 35: Cho 4 dung dch: H2SO4 long, AgNO3, CuSO4, AgF. Cht khng tc dng c vi c 4 dung
dch trn l
A. KOH.
B. BaCl2.
C. NH3.
D. NaNO3.
Cu 36: Phn ng in phn dung dch CuCl2 (vi in cc tr) v phn ng n mn in ha xy ra khi
nhng hp kim Zn-Cu vo dung dch HCl c c im l:
A. Phn ng xy ra lun km theo s pht sinh dng in.
B. u sinh ra Cu cc m.
C. Phn ng cc m c s tham gia ca kim loi hoc ion kim loi.
D. Phn ng cc dng u l s oxi ha Cl-.
Cu 37: Anken X hp nc to thnh 3-etylpentan-3-ol. Tn ca X l
A. 3-etylpent-3-en.
B. 2-etylpent-2-en.
C. 3-etylpent-2-en.
D. 3-etylpent-1-en.
Cu 38: Cho s chuyn ha:
+ HCl
+ H 2 du ( Ni ,t 0 )
+ NaOH du ,t 0
Triolein
Z.
X
Y
Tn ca Z l
A. axit linoleic.
B. axit oleic.
C. axit panmitic.
D. axit stearic.
Cu 39: Pht biu khng ng l:
A. Hiro sunfua b oxi ha bi nc clo nhit thng.
B. Kim cng, than ch, fuleren l cc dng th hnh ca cacbon.
C. Tt c cc nguyn t halogen u c cc s oxi ha: -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7 trong cc hp cht.
D. Trong cng nghip, photpho c sn xut bng cch nung hn hp qung photphorit, ct v than cc
12000C trong l in.
Cu 40: t chy hon ton mt este n chc, mch h X (phn t c s lin kt nh hn 3), thu c
th tch kh CO2 bng 6/7 th tch kh O2 phn ng (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin). Cho m gam X
tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch KOH 0,7M thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu c 12,88 gam
cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 7,20.
B. 6,66.
C. 8,88.
D. 10,56.
Gii
t cng thc ca X l CnH2n 2kO2 , k 1
3n k 2
O2 nCO2 + (n k) H2O
2
6 3n k 2
n= x
7
2

CnH2n 2kO2 +

2n = 3k + 6
V k 1 nn n ch c th bng 3 vi k = 0
Cng thc phn t ca X l C3H6O2. Cng thc cu to l RCOOR. R ch c th l H hoc CH3
RCOOR + KOH RCOOK + ROH
x
x
x mol
KOH d 0,14 x mol
(R + 83)x + 56(0,14 x) 12,88
=> x =

5,04
R + 27

Vi R = 1 th x = 0,18 > 0,14 loi

R = 15 th x = 0,12
m = 0,12.74 = 8,88g

II. PHN RING (10 cu)

Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Cht c dng ty trng giy v bt giy trong cng nghip l
A. CO2.
B. SO2.
C. N2O.
D. NO2.
Cu 42: Hn hp X gm 1 mol aminoaxit no, mch h v 1 mol amin no, mch h. X c kh nng phn ng
ti a vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol CO 2, x mol H2O v y mol N2.
Cc gi tr x, y tng ng l
A. 8 v 1,0.
B. 8 v 1,5.
C. 7 v 1,0.
D. 7 v 1,5.
Gii
X tc dng va vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH => amino axit c 1 nhm amin v 2 nhm axit, v
amin l n chc.
CnH2n 1(NH2)(COOH)2 (n + 2)CO2 +
1

n+2

3n + 3
H2O + 1/2N2
2
3n + 3
mol
2

3n + 3
H2O + 1/2N2
2
3m + 3
m
mol
2

CmH2m + 3N mCO2 +
1
nCO2 = n + 2 + m = 6
n+m=4
nH2O =

3n + 3
3m + 3
+
= n + m + 3.
2
2

nH2O = 7
nN2 = + = 1
Cu 43: T 180 gam glucoz, bng phng php ln men ru, thu c a gam ancol etylic (hiu sut
80%). Oxi ha 0,1a gam ancol etylic bng phng php ln men gim, thu c hn hp X. trung ha
hn hp X cn 720 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Hiu sut qu trnh ln men gim l
A. 80%.
B. 10%.
C. 90%.
D. 20%.
Gii
nGlu = 1 mol
nC2H5OH = 2.80/100 = 1,6 mol
nC2H5OH trong 0,1a gam l 0,16 mol
nCH3COOH (l thuyt) = 0,16 mol
nCH3COOH (thc t) = nNaOH = 0,144 mol
%H = 0,144.100/0,16 = 90%
Cu 44: Cc cht va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl va tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 l:
A. CuO, Al, Mg.
B. Zn, Cu, Fe.
C. MgO, Na, Ba.
D. Zn, Ni, Sn.
Cu 45: Trong phn ng: K2Cr2O7 + HCl CrCl3 + Cl2 + KCl + H2O
S phn t HCl ng vai tr cht kh bng k ln tng s phn t HCl tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca k l
A. 4/7.
B. 1/7.
C. 3/14.
D. 3/7.
Cu 46: Nh t t tng git n ht 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch cha Na 2CO3 0,2M v
NaHCO3 0,2M, sau phn ng thu c s mol CO2 l
A. 0,030.
B. 0,010.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,015.
Gii
2

H+ + CO3 HCO3
0,02 0,02 mol

H+ + H C O3 CO2 + H2O

0,01

0,01 mol

Cu 47: Cho m gam hn hp etanal v propanal phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong
NH3, thu c 43,2 gam kt ta v dung dch cha 17,5 gam mui amoni ca hai axit hu c. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 10,9.
B. 14,3.
C. 10,2.
D. 9,5.
Gii
nAg = 0,4 mol
RCHO + 3NH3 + 2AgNO3 + H2O RCOONH4 + 2Ag + 2NH4NO3
0,6
0,4
0,2
0,4 0,4 mol
mRCHO = mRCOONH4 + mAg + mNH4NO3 mNH3 mAgNO3 mH2O
m = 17,5 + 43,2 + 0,4.80 0,6.17 0,4.170 0,2.18 = 10,9g
Cu 48: Hn hp gm 0,1 mol mt axit cacboxylic n chc v 0,1 mol mui ca axit vi kim loi km
c tng khi lng l 15,8 gam. Tn ca axit trn l
A. axit propanoic.
B. axit metanoic.
C. axit etanoic.
D. axit butanoic.
Gii
RCOOH v RCOOA
(R + 45)0,1 + (R + 44 + A)0,1 = 15,8
=> A + 2R = 69
R=

69 A
2

A phi nh hn 69
A
R

7 (Li)
31 (loi)

23 (Na)
23 (loi)

39 (K)
15 (CH3)

Cu 49: t chy hon ton mt lng hirocacbon X. Hp th ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch
Ba(OH)2 (d) to ra 29,55 gam kt ta, dung dch sau phn ng c khi lng gim 19,35 gam so vi dung
dch Ba(OH)2 ban u. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4.
B. C2H6.
C. C3H6.
D. C3H8.
Gii
nCO2 = nBaCO3 = 0,15 mol
mCO2 + mH2O = 29,55 19,35 = 10,2g
nH2O =

10 ,2 0,15 .44
= 0,2 mol
18

nCO2 < nH2O

X l ankan
CnH2n + 2 nCO2 + (n + 1)H2O
0,15
0,2 mol
=> n = 3
=> C3H8
Cu 50: in phn (vi in cc tr) mt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO4 c cng s mol, n khi catot
xut hin bt kh th dng in phn. Trong c qu trnh in phn trn, sn phm thu c anot l
A. kh Cl2 va2 O2.
B. kh H2 v O2.
C. ch c kh Cl2.
D. kh Cl2 v H2.
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Trong cc polime sau: (1) poli(metyl metacrylat); (2) polistiren; (3) nilon-7; (4) poli(etylenterephtalat); (5) nilon-6,6; (6) poli (vinyl axetat), cc polime l sn phm ca phn ng trng ngng l:
A. (1), (3), (6).
B. (3), (4), (5).
C. (1), (2), (3).
D. (1), (3), (5).
Cu 52: in phn (in cc tr) dung dch X cha 0,2 mol CuSO4 v 0,12 mol NaCl bng dng in c
cng 2A. Th tch kh (ktc) thot ra anot sau 9650 giy in phn l
A. 2,240 lt.
B. 2,912 lt.
C. 1,792 lt.
D. 1,344 lt.
Gii

V s mol NaCl < nCuSO4, nn n gin qu trnh in phn nh sau:

CuCl2 p Cu + Cl2
xy ra trc
0,06
0,06 0,06 mol
(nCuCl2 = nNaCl)
n 96500n
AIt
It
m=
= > nA =
= >t = A
96500n
96500n
I
Thi gian in phn CuCl2: thay vo biu thc trn c t = 5790s
CuSO4 + H2O p Cu + H2SO4 + O2
xy ra sau
nCuSO 4 =

It
2(96500 5750 )
=
= 0,04 mol
96500 n
96500 .2

nO2 = 0,02 mol

V kh = (0,06 + 0,02)22,4 = 1,792 lt
Cu 53: Cho 0,448 lt kh NH3 (ktc) i qua ng s ng 16 gam CuO nung nng, thu c cht rn X (gi
s phn ng xy ra hon ton). Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l
A. 12,37%.
B. 87,63%.
C. 14,12%.
D. 85,88%.
Gii
nNH3 = 0,02 mol
nCuO = 0,2 mol
3CuO + 2NH3 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O
Ban u:
0,2
0,02
Phn ng:
0,03
0,02 mol 0,03 mol
%Cu =

0,03 .64
100 = 12 ,37 %
16 0,03 .16

Cu 54: t chy hon ton V lt hi mt amin X bng mt lng oxi va to ra 8V lt hn hp gm kh

cacbonic, kh nit v hi nc (cc th tch kh v hi u o cng iu kin). Amin X tc dng vi axit
nitr nhit thng, gii phng kh nit. Cht X l
A. CH2=CH-NH-CH3.
B. CH3-CH2-NH-CH3.
C. CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2.
D. CH2=CH-CH2-NH2.
Gii
CxHyNz xCO2 + y/2 H2O + z/2 N2
V
xV
yV/2
zV/2 lt
V(x + y/2 +z/2) = 8V
x + y/2 + z/2 = 8 hay 2x + y + z = 16 hay y + z = 16 2x
x
7
6
5
4
3
y + z 2 (loi)
4 (loi)
6
8
10
Vi cc gi tr trn th chn x= 3, y = 9 , z = 1 l ph hp
A + HNO2 N2
=> X l amin bc 1. => X l CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2
Cu 55: Hiro ha cht hu c X thu c (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH3. Cht X c tn thay th l
A. metyl isopropyl xetol.
B. 3-metylbutan-2-on.
C. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
D. 2-metylbutan-3-on.
Cu 56: Trong s cc ngun nng lng: (1) thy in, (2) gi, (3) mt tri, (4) ha thch; nhng ngun
nng lng sch l:
A. (1), (3), (4).
B. (2), (3), (4).
C. (1), (2), (4).
D. (1), (2), (3).
Cu 57: Cho hn hp X gm ancol metylic v hai axit cacboxylic (no, n chc, k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng) tc dng ht vi Na, gii phng ra 6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nu un nng hn hp X (c H2SO4 c
lm xc tc) th cc cht trong hn hp phn ng va vi nhau to thnh 25 gam hn hp este (gi thit
phn ng este ha t hiu sut 100%). Hai axit trong hn hp X l
A. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C2H7COOH v C4H9COOH.
Gii
nX = 2nH2 = 0,6 mol
Cc cht trong X phn ng vi nhau va => S mol ca ancol = s mol ca axit = 0,6/2 = 0,3 mol
=> n este = 0,3 mol

CnH2n + 1COOCH3
ME = 25/0,3 = 83,3
14n + 60 = 83,3
n = 1,66
2 axit l CH3COOH v C2H5COOH
Cu 58: Cho m gam hn hp bt X gm ba kim loi Zn, Cr, Sn c s mol bng nhau tc dng ht vi lng
d dung dch HCl long, nng thu c dung dch Y v kh H2. C cn dung dch Y thu c 8,98 gam
mui khan. Nu cho m gam hn hp X tc dng hon ton vi O2 (d) to hn hp 3 oxit th th tch kh
O2 (ktc) phn ng l
A. 2,016 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 1,344 lt.
D. 1,008 lt.
Gii
X + HCl thu c mui: ZnCl2, CrCl2, SnCl2. V cc kim loi c s mol bng nhau nn cc mui c s
mol bng nhau v bng x
136x + 123x + 190x = 8,98
x = 0,02
X + O2 thu c cc oxit: ZnO, Cr2O3 , SnO2
nO2 = x + x + x = 2,25x = 0,045 mol
V O2 = 0,045.22,4 = 1,008 lt
Cu 59: Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol mi
ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l
A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3.
B. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH.
C. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH.
D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3.
Gii
Y tch nc to anken => Y l ancol no n chc.
C2H5OH 3H2O
CnH2n + 1OH (n + 1)H2O
n + 1 = 3.5/3
=> n = 4
C4H9OH
Y tch nc ch to mt anken => Y l CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
Cu 60: Xt cn bng: N2O4 (k) 2NO2 (k) 250C. Khi chuyn dch sang mt trng thi cn bng mi
nu nng ca N2O4 tng ln 9 ln th nng ca NO2
A. tng 9 ln.
B. tng 3 ln.
C. tng 4,5 ln.
D. gim 3 ln.
Gii
Gi nng ca N2O4 v NO2 ban u ln lt l a, x. Sau khi tng nng ca N2O4 l 9a, ca NO2 l y
x2
y2
=
a
9a

=>

y
=3
x