PT chuyn ng ca vt rn quay quanh mt trc c nh

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1. To gc gc quay: Khi nim : Ta gc l to xc nh v tr ca mt vt rn quay quanh mt trc c nh bi gc (rad) hp gia mt phng chuyn ng gn vi vt v mt phng c nh chn lm mc (hai mt phng ny u cha trc quay).Mt s cc c im quan trng: + Khi vt rn quay quanh mt trc c nh, th cc im trn vt rn c cng gc quay. + To gc ca im M l s o ca gc hp bi vc t tia v trc Ox. =s

+ Gc quay vt rn thc hin trong thi gian t = t - t0 l = - 0 + Qui c du: * To gc v 0 dng khi quay trc Ox n cc vc t tia hay cng chiu dng qui c, n v m th nguc li. * gc quay dng khi quay vc t theo cng chiu dng qui c. Lu : Ta ch xt vt quay theo mt chiu v chn chiu dng l chiu quay ca vt => 0 2. Tc gc: L i lng c trng cho mc nhanh hay chm ca chuyn ng quay ca mt vt rn quanh mt trc * Tc gc trung bnh:

* Tc gc tc thi: Lu : Lin h gia tc gc v tc di v = r 3. Gia tc gc L i lng c trng cho s bin thin ca tc gc * Gia tc gc trung bnh:

* Gia tc gc tc thi: Ch : + Vt rn quay u th = const => = ' = 0 + Vt rn quay nhanh dn u > 0 <=>. < 0 + Vt rn quay chm dn u < 0 <=>. > 0 4. Phng trnh ng hc ca chuyn ng quay * Vt rn quay u ( = 0) = 0 + t Hm (t) l hm bc nht theo thi gian t nn th ca ta gc theo thi gian l mt ng thng. * Vt rn quay bin i u ( 0) = 0 + t

Ch : Khi

5. Gia tc ca cht im trn vt rn chuyn ng quay

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6/21/2011 1:35 AM

PT chuyn ng ca vt rn quay quanh mt trc c nh

Xt mt im M trn vt rn chuyn ng quay vi tc gc v gia tc gc l . * Tc di v: v = r * Gia tc php tuyn (gia tc hng tm) :

c trng cho s thay i v hng ca vn tc di

* Gia tc tip tuyn

: ( v cng

c trng cho s thay i v ln ca phng)

* Gia tc ton phn

Gc hp gia

: =

Ch : - Vt rn quay u ( =0) th at = 0 => 6. V d in hnh : V d 1:

Mt bnh xe quay u, mi pht quay c 360 vng. Tnh: a. Tc gc ca bnh xe theo n v rad/s. b. Gc quay c ca bnh xe trong 3s. Hng dn gii: y l loi bi ton lin quan n phng trnh ca vt rn, m y bi cho vt rn quay u nn phng trnh ca vt c p dng l = 0 + t a. Theo bi ta c tc gc b. Chn ta gc lc u 0 = 0 = 0 + t = t = 12.3 = 36 (rad) V d 2: Mt bnh xe c bnh xe c bn knh 0,3m quay nhanh dn u vi gia tc gc khng i l 2 (rad/s2). Lc t = 0 bnh xe ng yn. Trn vnh bnh xe c mt im M nm mt gc /6 so vi phng ngang. Tnh: a. Tc gc, tc di v gia tc ton phn ca im M ti thi im t = 3s. b. Ta gc ca M lc t = 5s (chn gc thi gian lc t = 0). Hng dn gii: y l dng bi tp lin quan n tm tc di, gia tc tip tuyn v gia tc hng tm ca cht im trn vt rn. lm tt chng ta ch cn nh cc cng thc cp phn l thuyt trn. a. Tc gc c tnh theo cng thc = 0 + t. Ban u bnh xe ng yn nn ta c 0 = 0 = t = 2.3 = 6 (rad/s). Tc di ca im M : v = .r = 6.0,3 = 1,8 (m/s) Gia tc ton phn ca im M:

b. Ta gc ca im M c tnh theo cng thc

Tc t = 0 im M hp vi phng ngang mt gc (do 0 = 0) Ta chn ta gc = 7/6 V d 3 : Mt bnh xe ang quay quanh trc vi tc gc l 360 vng/pht th b hm li vi gia tc 6 rad/s2. Hi sau bao lu th bnh xe dng li.

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6/21/2011 1:35 AM

PT chuyn ng ca vt rn quay quanh mt trc c nh

Hng dn gii : Nhn xt : y l loi bi ton cho bit rng bnh xe chuyn ng chm dn u nn gia tc = -6rad/s2 Ta c: M = 0 + t nn khi bnh

xe dng li th ta c V d 4: Phng trnh chuyn ng quay bin i u ca mt vt rn quay quanh trc c dng = 4 + 2t + 2t2 . Ta gc ca vt lc t = 2s l bao nhiu? Hng dn gii: Ta bit phng trnh chuyn ng quay bin i u ca mt vt rn quay quanh trc c dng ton ta tm c: . i chiu vi phng trnh c th ca bi

Bin son Thy ng Vit Hng - BK H Ni

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