Nguyen Minh Duc - Chuan

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng
nghip
LI NI U
Ngy nay, trong xu th hi nhp, qu trnh cng nghip ha hin i ha t
nc ang din ra mt cch mnh m. Trong qu trnh pht trin , in nng ng
vai tr rt quan trng. N l mt dng nng lng c bit, c rt nhiu u im nh:
d chuyn ha thnh cc dng nng lng khc( nh c nng, ha nng, nhit nng...),
d dng truyn ti v phn phi... Do ngy nay in nng c s dng rng ri
trong hu ht cc lnh vc ca i sng. Cng vi xu hng pht trin mnh m ca
nn kinh t, i sng x hi ngy cng c nng cao, nhu cu s dng in nng
trong cc lnh vc cng nghip, nng nghip, dch v... tng ln khng ngng. m
bo nhng nhu cu to ln , chng ta phi c mt h thng cung cp in an ton v
tin cy.
Do n thit k h thng cung cp in l yu cu bt buc vi sinh vin
ngnh h thng in. Qu trnh thc hin n s gip chng ta c nhng hiu bit
tng quan nht v h thng in cng nh cc thit b trong thit k h thng in.
Vi n: Thit k h thng cung cp in cho phn xng c kh, sau mt
thi gian lm n, di s hng dn ca thy Trn Quang Khnh, n nay, v c
bn em hon thnh ni dung n mn hc ny. Do thi gian c hn nn khng th
trnh khi nhng thiu st, em rt mong c s ch bo, gip ca cc thy c
n ny c hon thin hn. ng thi gip em nng cao trnh chuyn mn, p
ng nhim v cng tc sau ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio Trn Quang Khnh gip em hon thnh
n ny.
H Ni, thng 06 nm 2011
Sinh vin thc hin
Nguyn Minh c
Nguyn Minh c
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nghip
n 1
Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng nghip
Sinh vin: Nguyn Minh c
Lp:
4LT-H3
I. D kin:
Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng nghip
Xng ny c trang b 15 loi thit b tiu th in. S liu v kch thc ca phn
xng (di, rng, cao), ri yu cu ca chiu sng phn xng, khong cch l t
ngun in n nh xng, cng sut ca mi thit b tiu th in c cho nh sau:
Kchthc
,m
Cng sut ca cc thit b
axb
Lux
16x
38
4,4
100
58
yc
3,5 3,6 4,5
2x1,
2
10
11
1
2
1
3
1
4
15
2,1 0,6 0,8 6,5 2,8
4,
5
2,
8
Tn tht in p cho php t ngun in n u vo ca cc thit b tiu th in

l
= 2,5%. Cn b cng sut phn khng t n h s cng sut l cos
= 0,9. Thi gian hon vn
= 8 nm, h s khu hao thit b
kh
max
2,65 MVA. Thi gian tn ti ca dng in ngn mch

N
= 3500 h. Cng sut ngn mch ti im u
T
in
6%. Thi
tc
gian s dng cng sut cc i
CP
2,5 s. H s
cng sut v h s s dng ca cc thit b tiu th in c cho nh sau:
Nguyn Minh c
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STT
Tn thit b tiu th in
H s s dng
cos
k
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
B ngm dung dch kim

B ngm nc nng
B ngm tng nhit
T sy
My qun dy
My qun dy
My khoan bn
My khoan ng
Bn th nghim
My mi
My hn
My tin
My mi trn
Cn cu in
My bm nc
0,35
0,32
0,3
0,36
0,57
0,60
0,51
0,55
0,62
0,45
0,53
0,45
0,4
0,32
0,46
sd
1
1
1
1
0,80
0,80
0,78
0,78
0,85
0,70
0,82
0,76
0,72
0,8
0.82
I. Ni dung ca bn thuyt minh

1. Tnh ton chiu sng cho phn xng
2. Tnh ton ph ti in
- Ph ti chiu sng
- Ph ti thng thong v lm mt
- Ph ti ng lc
- Ph ti tng hp
3. Vch cc s cung cp in, chn s cung cp in hp l
4. La chn v kim tra cc thit b ca s ni in
- Chn tit din dy dn ca mng in ng lc, chn tit din dy dn ca mng
in chiu sng
- Chn thit b bo v
5. Tnh ton v chn t b cng sut phn khng
6. D ton
II. Bn v
1. Mt bng phn xng vi s b tr ca cc thit b
Nguyn Minh c
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2. S mng in trn mt bng phn xng

3. S nguyn l ca mng in c ch r cc m hiu v cc tham s ca thit b
c chn
4. Bng s liu tnh ton mng in
CHNG I: TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHN XNG

Trong thit k chiu sng, vn quan trng nht phi quan tm l p ng cc
yu cu v ri v hiu qu ca chiu sng i vi th gic. Ngoi ri, hiu qu
ca chiu sng cn ph thuc vo quang thng, mu sc nh sng, s la chn hp l
cng s b tr chiu sng va m bo tnh kinh t v m quan hon cnh. Thit k
chiu sng phi m bo cc yu cu sau:
Khng b lo mt
Khng lo do phn x
Khng c bng ti
Phi c ri ng u
Phi m bo sng v n nh
Phi to ra c nh sng ging nh sng ban ngy.
Cc h thng chiu sng bao gm chiu sng chung, chiu sng cc b v chiu
sng kt hp ( kt hp gia cc b v chung ) . Do yu cu th gic cn phi lm vic
chnh xc, ni m cc thit b cn chiu sng mt phng nghing v khng to ra cc
bng ti su thit k cho phn xng thng s dng h thng chiu sng kt hp.
Chn loi bng n chiu sng: gm 2 loi: bng n si t v bng n hunh
quang. Cc phn xng thng t dung n hunh quang v n hunh quang c tn s
l 50Hz thng gy ra o gic khng quay cho cc ng c khng ng b, nguy him
cho ngi vn hnh my, d gy ra tai nn lao ng. Do ngi ta thng s dng
n si t cho cc phn xng sa cha c kh.
Vic b tr n kh n gin, thng c b tr theo cc gc ca hnh vung hoc
hnh ch nht .
Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng c kh sa cha c kch thc a.b.H l
16.38.4,4 m ,Coi trn nh mu trng , tng mu vng , sn nh mu sm ,vi ri
yu cu l Eyc = 100 lux .
Nguyn Minh c
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Theo biu Kruithof ng vi ri 60 lux nhit mu cn thit l m=32000K s

cho mi trng nh sng tin nghi .Mt khc v l xng sa cha c nhiu my in
quay nn ta dng n si t vi cng sut l 200W vi quang thng l F= 3000
lumen .
Chn cao treo n l :
h = 0,5 m ;
Chiu cao mt bng lm vic l : hlv = 0,8 m ;
Chiu cao tnh ton l : h = H hlv = 4,4 0,8 = 3,6 m ;
T s treo n:
=> tha mn yu cu.
j=
h'
0,5
1
=
=0,122 <
'
h + h 3, 6 + 0,5
3
Vi loi n dng chiu sng cho phn xng sn xut nn chn khong
cch gia cc n c xc nh l L/h =1,5 (bng 12,4) tc l:
L = 1,5. h = 1,5.3,6 = 5,4 m.
Cn c vo kch thc phn xng ta chn khong cch gia cc n l L d =
3,2 mt v Ln =2,9m => p=1,6m; q=1,45m;
Kim tra iu kin:

Ld3qLd2 vLn3pLn2
hay
v
3, 2
3, 2
< 1, 45
3
2
=>tha
2,9
2,9
< 1, 6
3
2
mn
Nh vy l b tr n l hp l.
Vy s lng n ti thiu m bo ng u chiu sng l Nmin = 65;
H s khng gian:
kkg =
a.b
16.38
=
= 3,13
h(a + b) 3, 6.(16 + 38)
Nguyn Minh c
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Cn c c im ca ni tht chiu sng c th coi h s phn x ca

trn:tng:sn l 70:50:30 . Tra bng ph lc ng vi h s phn x nu trn v h
s khng gian l kkg =4,337 ta tm c h s li dng kld = 0,6; H s d tr ly bng
kdt=1,2; h s hiu dng ca n l
. Xc nh quang thng tng
= 0,58
(lumen)
F =
E yc .S .kdt
.kld
100.16.38.1, 2
= 209655,17
0, 58.0, 6
S lng n ti thiu l:
N=
F 209655,17
=
= 65,52 = Nmin = 65
Fd
3200
Nh vy tng s n cn lp t l 65 c b tr nh sau:
Kim tra ri thc t:
(lux) ~ Eyc=100lux
E=
Fd .N ..kld 3200.65.0, 58.0, 6

=
= 99, 72
a.b. dt
16.38.1, 2
Ngoi chiu sng chung cn trang b thm cho mi my 1 n cng sut 100 W
chiu sng cc b, cho 2 phng thay v 2 phng v sinh mi phng 1 bng 100
W.Nh vy cn tt c 19 bng dng cho chiu sng cc b.
CHNG II. TNH TON PH TI
Tnh ton ph ti in l cng vic bt buc v u tin trong mi cng trnh cung
cp in , gip cho vic thit k li in v sau ca ngi k s . Ph ti tnh ton c
gi tr tng ng vi ph ti thc t v mt hiu ng nhit , do vic chn dy dn
hay cc thit b bo v cho n s c m bo .
C nhiu phng php tnh ton ph ti in nh phng php h s nhu cu , h
s tham gia cc i . i vi vic thit k cung cp in cho phn xng sa cha c
kh , v c cc thng tin chnh xc v mt bng b tr thit b , bit oc cng sut
v qu trnh cng ngh ca tng thit b nn ta s dng phng php h s nhu cu
tng hp nhm ph ti ng lc . Ni dung chnh ca phong php nh sau :
- Thc hin phn nhm cc thit b c trong xng , mi nhm khong t 7 8
thit b , mi nhm s c cung cp in t 1 t ng lc ring , ly in t 1 t
phn phi chung . Cc thit b trong nhm nn c v tr gn nhau trn mt bng phn
xng . Cc thit b trong nhm nn c cng ch lm vic , s lng thit b trong 1
nhm khng nn qu 8 v gy phc tp trong vn hnh , gim tin cy cung cp
in .
Nguyn Minh c
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- Xc nh h s s dng tng hp ca nhm thit b theo biu thc sau :

=
k sd Pi .k sdi
Pi
- Xc nh s lng thit b hiu dng ca mi nhm nhd ( l 1 s qui i gm c
nhd thit b gi nh c cng sut nh mc v ch lm vic nh nhau v tiu th
cng sut ng bng cng sut tiu th ca nhm thit b thc t ) . Cc nhm y
u trn 4 thit b nn ta xc nh t s k
, sau so snh k vi kb l h s ng
=
vi
Pmax
Pmin
ca nhm . Nu k > kb , ly nhd = n , l s lng thit b thc t ca nhm .
sd
Ngc li c th tnh nhd theo cng thc sau :

nhd =
( P )
Pi2
- H s nhu cu ca nhm s c xc nh theo biu thc sau :
knc =
1 k sd
n hd
sd
- Cui cng ph ti tnh ton ca c nhm l :

Ptt = knc.
Pi
2.1. Ph ti chiu sng .
Tng cng sut chiu sng chung (coi h s ng thi kt =1).
Pcs chung = kt.N .Pd = 1.65.200 = 13000 W
Chiu sng cc b :
Pcb = (15+ 4).100 = 1900 W
Vy tng cng sut chiu sng l:
Pcs = Pcs chung + Pcb = 13000 + 1900 = 14900 W = 14,9 kW
V n dng si t nn h s cos ca nhm chiu sng l 1
2.2. Ph ti thng thong v lm mt
Nguyn Minh c
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Phn xng trang b 30 qut trn mi qut c cng sut l 120 W v 10 qut ht
mi qut 80 W, h s cng sut trung bnh ca nhm l 0,8;
Tng cng sut chiu sng v lm mt l:Plm = 30.120 +10.80 = 4400 W = 4,4 kW
2.3. Ph ti ng lc.
Trc khi tnh ton cn qui cc ph ti lm vic ch ngn hn lp li v ch
lm vic lm vic di hn , theo cng thc :
P = Pt .
, kW .
Trong :
Pt : l cng sut ca ph ti ly theo trong bng 1.2 , tc l cng sut nh mc ca

ph ti .
P : cng sut qui v ch lm vic di hn ca thit b .

: h s tip in ca thit b
* Nhm 1
Bng 2.1 Bng ph ti nhm 1.
TT
Tn thit b
Shiu
ksd
cos
P2
P.cos
P.ksd
B ngm dung dch kim
0,35
3,5
12,25
3,5
1,225
B ngm nc nng
0,32
3,6
12,96
3,6
1,152
B ngm tng nhit
0,3
4,5
20,25
4,5
1,35
T sy
0,36
1,08
My bm nc
15
0,46
0,82
16
1,92
1,368
17,6
60,22
16,52
6,175
Tng
- S lng hiu dng nhm 1:
K
nhdn1 =
( Pi )2 17, 62
=
= 4,8
Pi 2
60, 22
- H s s dng nhm 1:
ksdn1 =
Pi .ksdi 6,175
=
= 0,36
Pi
17,6
- H s nhu cu nhm 1:
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kncn1 = ksdn1 +
1 k sdn1
1 0,36
= 0,36+
= 0, 652
nhdn1
4,8
- Tng cng sut ph ti nhm 1:

(kW)
Pn1 = kncn1. Pi =0, 625.17 =10, 625
- H s cng sut ca ph ti nhm 1:
cosn1 =
Pi .cos i
16,52
=
= 0, 97
Pi
17
*Nhm 2:
Bng 2.2. Bng ph ti nhm 2.
TT Tn thit b
Shiu
ksd
cos
P2
P.cos
P.ksd
My qun dy
0,6
0,8
2,1
4,41
1,68
1,26
My khoan bn
0,51
0,78
0,6
0,36
0,468
0,306
My khoan ng
0,55
0,78
0,8
0,64
0,624
0,44
Cn cu in
14
0,32
0,8
42,25
5,525
4,03
My mi
10
0,45
0,7
2,8
7,84
1,96
1,26
12,
8
55,5
10,257
7,296
Tng
nhdn 2 =
( Pi )2 12,82
=
= 2, 95
Pi 2
55, 5
- H s s dng nhm 2:
k sdn 2 =
Pi .ksdi 7, 296
=
= 0, 57
Pi
12,8
- H s nhu cu nhm 2:
kncn 2 = k sdn 2 +
1 k sdn 2
1 0,57
= 0,57+
= 0,83
nhdn 2
2,95
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(kW)
Pn 2 = kncn 2. Pi =0,83.12,8 =10, 264
cosn 2 =
Pi .cos i
10, 257
=
= 0,8
Pi
12,8
*Nhm 3:
Bng 2.3. Bng ph ti nhm 3.
TT Tn thit b
Shiu
ksd
cos
P2
P.cos
P.ksd
My hn
11
0,53
0,82
2,46
1,59
My tin
12
0,45
0,76
4,5
20,25
3,42
2,025
My mi trn
13
0,4
0,72
2,8
7,84
2,016
1,12
My qun dy
0,3
0,6
36
4,8
1,92
Bn th nghim
15
0,62
0,85
16
0,8
1,84
20,
3
89,09
Tng
13,496
8,495

nhdn 3 =
( Pi ) 2 20,32
=
= 4, 63
Pi 2
89, 09
- H s s dng nhm 3:
k sdn 3 =
Pi .ksdi 8, 495
=
= 0, 42
Pi
20,3
- H s nhu cu nhm 3:
kncn 3 = ksdn 3 +
1 k sdn 3
1 0, 42
= 0, 42+
= 0, 69
nhdn 3
4, 63

(kW)
Pn 3 = kncn 3. Pi =0, 69.20, 3 =13, 98
Nguyn Minh c
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cosn 3 =
Pi .cos i
13, 496
=
= 0, 66
Pi
20, 3
Bng 2.6. Bng tng hp ph ti ng lc ca cc nhm:

TT
Ph ti
ksdni
cosni Pni
Nhm 1
0,36
0,97
10,625
Nhm 2
0,57
0,8
Nhm 3
0,42
0,66
Tng
Pni.Pni
Pni.cosni
Pni.ksdni
112,891
10,3063
3,825
10,264
105,35
8,2112
5,85048
13,98
195,44
9,2268
5,8716
34,869
413,68
27,74
15,54
- S lng hiu dng:

( Pni )2 34,8692
nhd =
=
= 2,94
Pni2
413, 68
- H s s dng ph ti ng lc:
k sd =
Pni .ksdni
15,54
=
= 0, 445
Pni
34,869
- H s nhu cu ph ti ng lc:
knc = ksd +
1 k sd
nhd
= 0, 445 +
1 0, 445
= 0, 77
2,94
- Tng cng sut ph ti ng lc:

Pdl
(kW)
= knc . Pni =0, 77.34,869 =26,85
- H s cng sut trung bnh ca ph ti tng hp:

costb =
Pni .cos ni
27, 74
=
= 0,8
Pni
34,869
2.4. Ph ti tng hp
Bng 2.7. Kt qu tnh ton ph ti:
S th t
1
Nguyn Minh c
Ph ti
Chiu sng
Trang 11
P ; KW
cos
14,9
1
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Thng thong, lm mt
ng lc
4,4
0,8
26,85
0,8
Xc nh ph ti tng hp theo phng php s gia:

- Tng cng sut tnh ton ca 2 nhm ph ti chiu sng v lm mt:
(kW)
Pcslm = 14,9 + ((
4, 4 0,04
) 0, 41).4, 4 = 17, 473
5
- Tng cng sut tc dng tnh ton ton phn xng:

(kW)
P = 26,85 + ((
17, 473 0,04

) 0, 41).17, 473= 38, 055
5
- H s cng sut tng hp:

cos =
Pi .cos i 14, 9.1 + 4, 4.0,8 + 26,85.0,8

=
= 0,86
Pi
14, 9 + 4, 4 + 26,85
- Cng sut biu kin ca ph ti phn xng:

=>
(kVA)
S =
P
38, 055
=
= 44, 25
Cos
0,86
=>
(kVAr)
Q = S .Sins = 44, 25. 1 0,86 2 = 22,58
CHNG III.
VCH CC S V CHN S CUNG CP IN HP L
V tr ca trm bin p cn phi tha mn cc yu cu c bn sau :
- An ton v lin tc cp in
- Gn trung tm ph ti, thun tin cho ngun cung cp i ti.
- Thao tc, vn hnh, qun l d dng.
- Tit kim vn u t v chi ph vn hnh nh
- Bo m cc iu kin khc nh cnh quan mi trng, c kh nng iu
chnh ci to thch hp, p ng c khi khn cp...
- Tng tn tht cng sut trn cc ng dy l nh nht
Nguyn Minh c
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Cn c vo s b tr cc thit b trong phn xng thy rng cc ph ti c

b tr vi mt cao trong nh xng nn khng th b tr my bin p trong nh . V
vy ta t my pha ngoi nh xng ngay st tng nh minh ho di y . Khi xy
dng ngoi nh th cn ch n iu kin m quan .
3.1. Xc nh v tr t trm bin p phn xng:
- H s in kn th c th c xc nh theo biu thc:
Kdk =
< 0,75
Stb
T
3500
= M =
= 0,39
SM 8760 8760
Nh vy my bin p c th lm vic qu ti 40% trong khong thi gian cho
php khng qu 6 gi.
- Da vo s mt bng nh xng, v gc pha ca ra vo khng c ph
ti, nn ta c th t trm bin p bn trong, ngay st tng nh xng, tit kim
c dy dn ca mng h p.
3.2. Chn cng sut v s lng my bin p :
Ta chn cng sut v s lng my bin p 22/0,4 kV theo 3 phng n sau:
Phng n 1: dng 2 my 2.31,5 kVA.
Phng n 2: dng 2 my 2.50 kVA.
Phng n 3: dng 1 my 75 kVA.
Bng 3.1. Bng s liu cc my bin p hng ABB.
SBa , kVA
; kW
P0
; kW
Pk
Vn u t , 106
2.31,5
0,15
0,7
140,6
2.50
0,24
1,25
150,7
1.70
0,28
1,4
86,9
Di gc an ton k thut, cc phng n khng ngang nhau v tin cy cung

cp in. i vi phng n 1 v phng n 2, khi c s c xy ra 1 trong 2 my bin
p, my cn li s phi gnh ton b ph ti loi I v II ca phn xng, i vi phng
n 3 s phi ngng cung cp in cho ton phn xng. m bo tng ng v k
thut ca cc phng n cn phi xt n thnh phn thit hi do mt in khi c s c
xy ra trong cc my bin p.
Hm chi ph tnh ton quy i cho tng phng n:
Z = p.V + C + Yth /nm .
Nguyn Minh c
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C: thnh phn chi ph do tn tht. C = A.c

Vi c : gi thnh tn tht in nng.
H s tiu chun s dng vn u t:
atc =
i(1 + i) Th
0,1(1+ 0,1) 25
=
= 0,11
(1 + i) Th 1 (1+ 0,1) 25 1
Th l tui th ca trm bin p ly bng 25 nm.
H s khu hao ca trm bin p thly bng 6,4 %
Do : pBA = atc + kkh = 0,11 + 0,064 = 0,174
Khi so snh thit hi do mt in ch cn xt n ph ti loi I v loi II, v c
th coi ph ti loi III cc phng n l nh nhau:
* Phng n 1:
Ph ti trong thi gian s c 1 my bin p bao gm ph ti loi I v loi II
Ssc = Stt.
= 44,25.0,85 = 37,612( kVA )
m1+2
H s qu ti:
kqt =
S sc 37, 612
=
= 1, 55 > 1, 4
Sn
31,5
Nh vy my bin p c th lm vic qu ti khi xy ra s c, bi vy khi c s

c 1 trong 2 my bin p, ta ch cn ct 15% ph ti loi III m khng cn ct ph ti
loi II.
Tn tht trong my bin p c xc nh theo biu thc:
Pk 2 S2
A 2 = 2.P02 .8760 +
.
.
2 S2nBA2
0,7 44,252
= 2.0,15.8760 +
.
.1968,16 = 3987,36 kWh
2 31,52
Chi ph cho thnh phn tn tht l:
C = 3987,36.103 = 3987360
Vy tng chi ph qui i ca phng n :
Nguyn Minh c
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Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Z2 = (0,174.140,6+ 3987360 ) =3,98738.106

* Phng n 2:
Ph ti trong thi gian s c 1 my bin p bao gm ph ti loi I v loi II
Ssc = Stt.
= 44,25.0,85 = 37,612( kVA )
m1+2
H s qu ti:
kqt =
S sc 37, 612
=
= 0, 752 < 1, 4
Sn
50
Nh vy my bin p c th lm vic qu ti khi xy ra s c, bi vy khi c s

c 1 trong 2 my bin p, ta ch cn ct 15% ph ti loi III m khng cn ct ph ti
loi II.
Pk 2 S2
A 2 = 2.P02.8760 +
.
.
2 S2nBA 2
= 2.0, 24.8760 +
1, 25 44,25 2
.
.1968,16 = 5168, 24(kWh)
2
50 2

C =5168,24.103 = 5168240 ()
Vy tng chi ph qui i ca phng n :
Z2 = (0,174.150,7+ 5168240) =5,168266.106()
* Phng n 3:
Nu xy ra s c th ngng cung cp in cho ton phn xng.
S2
A 3 = P03 .8760 + Pk3 . 2 .
SnBA3
= 0, 28.8760 + 1, 4.
44,252
.1968,16= 3553,88(kWh)
702

C = 3553,88.103 = 3553880 ()
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 15
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Cng sut thiu ht khi mt in bng 85% cng sut ca ph ti loi II l:

Pth3 = m1+2.
= 0,85.38,055 = 32,347 (kW)

P
Do thit hi do mt in:
Yth3 = Pth3.gth.tf = 32,347.4500.24 = 3,494.106( ),
Vy tng chi ph qui i ca phng n:
Z3 = (0,174.86,9 + 3553880 +3494000) = 7,048.106()
Cc kt qu tnh ton c trnh by trong bng sau.
Bng 3.2. Bng kt qu cc phng n chn MBA.
TT Cc tham s
PA 1
PA 2
PA 3
Cng sut trm bin p SBA, kVA
2.31,5
2.50
70
Tng vn u t V, 106
140,6
150,7
86,9
Tn tht in nng
3,98736
5,16824
3,55388
3,98736
5,16824
3,55388
, 103kWh/nm
A
Chi ph tn b tht C , 106/nm
Thit hi do mt in Yth, 106/nm
Tng chi ph qui i Z, 106/nm
3,494
3,98738
5,168266
7,048
Ta thy phng n 1 c chi ph qui i nh nht. Vy ta t trm bin p gm

2 my 31,5 kVA.
3.3. La chn s ni in ti u:
3.3.1. S b chn phng n:
cung cp in c th c nhiu phng n i dy, c th dng s hnh tia
c tin cy cung cp in cao, c th dng s ng trc, hoc hn hp.Vi phn
xng nn p dng s tia v cc thit b in kh tp trung. Cc phng n c
nu chi tit di y.
cp in cho cc ng c my cng c, trong xng d nh t 1 t phn
phi nhn in t trm bin p v v cp in cho 3 t ng lc t ri rc cnh tng
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 16
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
phn xng, mi t ng lc cp in cho cc nhm ph ti phn nhm trn.Cn

c vo s mt bng tin hnh xem xt 2 phng n sau:
Phng n 1: t t phn phi ti trung tm ph ti v t ko cp n tng
t ng lc.
Phng n 2: t t phn phi ti st tng xng pha gn trm bin p pha
ngoi v ko ng cp n tng t ng lc.
3.3.2. Tnh ton chn phng n ti u:
Ta chn dy dn cao p t ngun in vo trm bin p l dy nhm, dy dn
h p l cp ng 3 pha mc trong ho cp.
Tnh ton c th cho tng phng n:
a. Phng n 1: t TPP ti trung tm phn xng.
Hnh 3.2. S t t phn phi phng n 1.

- Xc nh dy dn t ngun n trm bin p:
+ Dng in chy trong dy dn cao p:
A
I=
S
44, 25
=
= 1,161
3.U
3.22
Nguyn Minh c
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Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
+ Tit din dy cao p c th chn theo mt dng kinh t. Cn c vo bng s

liu ban u ng vi dy nhm AC theo bng 9.pl.BT [ 1 ] ta tm c
jkt = 1,1 A/mm2.
+ Tit din dy dn cn thit:
mm2
F=
I 1,161
=
= 1, 055
jkt
1,1
+ i vi ng dy cao p, tit din ti thiu khng nh hn 35 mm 2nn ta

chn loi dy AC - 35 ni t ngun vo trm bin p.
+ Xc nh tn hao thc t:
V
U =
P.r0 + Q.x0
38, 055.0,92 + 22,58.0, 414
.L =
.58.10 3= 0,12
U
22
+ Tn tht in nng:
kWh
A =
S
44, 25
3
3
.r0 .L. =
.0,92.58.10 .1968,16.10
= 0, 425
2
2
U ca
22
+ Chi ph tn tht in nng:
C = A.c = 0,425.1000 = 0,425.103 /nm
+ Vn u t ng dy:
Tra bng ta c sut vn u t ng dy cao p
v0 = 218 (106 /km), vy:
V = v0.L = 218.106.58.10-3 = 12,644.106
+ H s tiu chun s dng vn v khu hao i vi dy dn cao p:
= 0,167
p=
i.(1 + i)
0,1.(1 + 0,1)
+ a kh =
+ 0,036 = 0,131 + 0,036
T
(1 + i) 1
(1 + 0,1)15 1
Th
15
Chi ph quy i:
Z=pV+C = (0,167.12,644.106+0,425.103 = 2,112.106 /nm
- Dng in chy trong dy dn t trm bin p n t phn phi l:
Nguyn Minh c
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Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
I=
S
44, 25
=
= 67, 231
3.U
3.0,38
Mt dng kinh t ng vi TM = 3500 h ca cp ng jkt = 2,7 A/mm2

Vy tit din dy cp l:
mm2
F=
I
67, 23
=
= 24,9
jkt
2,7
Ta chn cp XLPE.25 c r0=0,8 v x0 = 0,07
/km
V
U =
P.r0 + Q.x0
38, 055.0,8 + 22,58.0, 07
.L =
.19.10 3= 1, 6
U ca
0,38
+ Tn tht in nng:
kWh
A =
S
44, 25
.r .L. =
.0,8.19.103.1968,16.103 = 405, 66
2 0
2
U
0,38
C = A.c = 405,66.1000 =0,40566.106/nm
+ Vn u t ng dy:
Tra bng 32,pl [ 2 ]ta c sut vn u t ng dy v0 =576.106/km, vy:
V = v0.L = 576.106.19.10-3 = 10,944 .106
- Chi ph quy i:
Z = pV+C = (0,167.10,944+0,40566).106 = 2,233.106 /nm
- Dng in chy trong dy dn t t phn phi n t ng lc1 l:
A
I=
S
10,953
=
= 16, 64
3.U
3.0,38
Nguyn Minh c
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Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Mt dng kinh t ng vi TM = 3500 h ca cp ng jkt = 2,7A/mm2(bng

9.pl.BT) [ 1 ].
Vy tit din dy cp l:
mm2
F=
I 16, 64
=
= 6,163
jkt
2,7
Ta chn cp XLPE.10 c r0=2 v x0 = 0,08
/km (bng 24.pl) [ 2 ]
V
U =
P.r0 + Q.x0
10, 625.2 + 2,66.0, 08
.L =
.19.10 3= 1, 07
U ca
0,38
+ Tn tht in nng:
kWh
A =
S2
10,9532
.
r
.
L
.
=
.2.19.10 3.1968,16.103 = 62,136
0
2
2
U ca
0,38
C = A.c =62,136.1000 = 0,62136.106/nm
+ Vn u t ng dy:
Tra bng 32.pl [ 2 ] ta c sut vn u t ng dy v0 = 405.106/km, vy:
V = v0.L = 405.106 .19.10-3 =7,695.106
Chi ph quy i:
Z=p.V+C = (0,167.7,695+0,62136).106 = 1,906.106 /nm
- Dng in chy trong dy dn t t ng lc 1 n my 1 l:

A
I=
S
3,5
=
= 5,32
3.U
3.0,38
Mt dng kinh t ng vi TM = 3500 h ca cp ng jkt = 2,7A/mm2(bng

9.pl.BT) [ 1 ].
Vy tit din dy cp l:
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 20
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
mm2
F=
I
5,32
=
= 1,97
jkt
2, 7
Ta chn cp XLPE.10 c r0=8 v x0 = 0,09
/km (bng 24.pl) [ 2 ]
V
U =
P.r0 + Q.x0
12.2 + 0.0, 08
.L =
.9.10 3 = 0,57
U ca
0,38
+ Tn tht in nng:
kWh
S2
122
A = 2 .r0 .L. =
.2.9.103.4267, 9.103 = 76, 609
2
U ca
0, 38
C = A.c = 76,609.1000 = 0,08.106/nm
+ Vn u t ng dy:
Tra bng 32.pl [ 2 ] ta c sut vn u t ng dy v0 = 405.106/km, vy:
V = v0.L = 405.106.9.10-3 = 3,645.106
Chi ph quy i:
Z=p.V+C = (0,167.3,645+0,08).106 = 0,69.106 /nm
Tnh ton tng t cho cc on dy khc ca phng n 1, ta c kt qu ghi
trong bng s liu sau:
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 21
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Bng 3.3. Bng kt qu tnh ton phng n 1.
on dy
Cng sut
P
Q
Dng
I
Tit din
F
Fc
in tr
L
r0
Hao tn
DA
x0
Chi p
V0.1
6
kW
kVAr
kVA
mm2
mm2
km
W/km
W/km
kWh/nm
/km
218
Ng-MBA
38,055
22,58
44,25
1,161
1,056
AC-35
0,058
0,92
0,414
0,12
0,921
MBA-TPP
38,055
22,58
0
44,25
67,23
24,90
25
0,019
0,210
0,06
0,47
230,912
TPP-TL1
10,625
2,66
0
10,95
1
16,64
0
6,164
10
0,019
0,08
1,07
134,755
725
TPP-TL2
10,264
7,70
12,83
2
19,49
7,220
10
0,011
0,08
0,61
107,034
576
TPP-TL3
13,980
15,91
21,18
3
32,18
11,91
16
0,020
1,25
0,07
0,98
331,523
892
TL1-1
TL1-2
TL1-3
TL1-4
TL1-15
TL2-6
TL2-7
TL2-8
TL2-10
3,500
3,600
4,500
3,000
2,400
2,100
0,600
0,800
6,500
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
1,68
1,58
0,48
0,64
6,63
3,50
3,60
4,50
3,00
2,93
2,63
0,77
1,03
9,29
2
5,318
5,470
6,837
4,558
4,447
3,988
1,169
1,558
14,10
9
1,970
2,026
2,532
1,688
1,647
1,477
0,433
0,577
5,225
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
2,5
1,5
1,5
6
0,005
0,015
0,005
0,010
0,009
0,006
0,006
0,018
0,016
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
3,33
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,37
1,14
0,47
0,63
0,46
0,27
0,09
0,34
0,94
14,482
45,966
23,940
21,280
18,229
9,776
0,944
5,037
135,782
405
405
405
179
265
355
485
179
355
TL2-14
TL3-11
TL3-12
TL3-13
TL3-5
2,800
3,000
4,500
2,800
6,000
2,10
2,09
3,85
2,70
4,50
3,50
3,66
5,92
3,89
7,50
8
5,318
5,559
8,996
5,909
11,39
1,970
2,059
3,332
2,188
4,220
2,5
2,5
4
2,5
6
0,014
0,015
0,009
0,017
0,007
8
8
5
8
3,33
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,83
0,95
0,54
1,01
0,38
40,551
47,473
46,629
60,791
38,754
179
179
265
485
355
5
7,150
2,648
0,008
0,28
0,09
0,43
26,181
1340,96
405
TL3-9
4,000
161,07
2,48
100,1
4,71
193,8
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 22
Lp D4LT-H3
200

nghip
- Tnh ton hao tn in p cc i trong mng in h p:

+ Hao tn cc i t TBA TPP TL 1 cc my thuc TL 1:
UM1 = UTBA-TPP + UTPP-L1 + UL1-4=0,47+1,31+0,63=2,41V
UM2 = UTBA-TPP + UTPP-L2 + UL2-10= 0,47 + 0,78 + 0,94 = 2,19V
=> Hao tn cc i trong mng in h p l:
UMax = UM3= 2,8V
- Hao tn in p cho php:
V
U cp =
U cp %.U dm
100
2, 5.380
=
=9, 5
100
Nh vy, UMax< Ucp => mng in m bo yu cu k thut.

* Phng n 2: t t phn phi bn cnh tng phn xng.
Hnh 3.3. S t t phn phi phng n 2.

Tnh ton tng t nh phng n 1, ta c bng kt qu ca phng n 2 nh sau:
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 23
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 24
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Cng sut
on
dy
P
kW
MBA-TPP
TPPTL1
TPPTL2
TPPTL3
38,05
5
38,05
5
10,62
5
10,26
4
13,98
0
TL1-1
Ng-MBA
Q
kVAr
Dng
S
kVA
22,58
44,25
0
44,25
0
2,66
10,95
7,70
12,83
22,58
I
A
Tit din
F
mm2
15,91
21,18
1,161
67,23
1
16,64
2
19,49
3
32,18
2
1,056
24,90
0
3,500
0,00
3,50
5,318
1,970
TL1-2
3,600
0,00
3,60
5,470
2,026
TL1-3
4,500
0,00
4,50
6,837
2,532
TL1-4
3,000
0,00
3,00
4,558
1,688
TL1-15
2,400
1,68
2,93
4,447
1,647
TL2-6
2,100
1,58
2,63
3,988
1,477
TL2-7
0,600
0,48
0,77
1,169
0,433
TL2-8
0,800
0,64
1,03
0,577
TL2-10
6,500
6,63
9,29
1,558
14,10
8
TL2-14
2,800
2,10
3,50
5,318
1,970
TL3-11
3,000
2,09
3,66
5,559
2,059
TL3-12
4,500
3,85
5,92
8,996
3,332
TL3-13
2,800
2,70
3,89
2,188
TL3-5
6,000
4,50
7,50
5,909
11,39
5
TL3-9
4,000
2,48
4,71
161,0 100, 193,
79Nguyn16
87
Minh c
7,150
2,648
6,164
7,220
11,91
9
5,225
4,220
Fc
mm2
AC35
in tr
Hao tn
r0
x0
km
W/k
m
W/k
m
0,05
8
0,01
25
5
0,00
10
6
0,02
10
2
0,03
16
2
0,00
2,5
5
0,01
2,5
5
0,00
2,5
5
0,01
2,5
0
0,00
2,5
9
0,00
2,5
6
0,00
1,5
6
0,01
1,5
8
0,01
6
6
0,01
2,5
4
0,01
2,5
5
0,00
4
9
0,01
2,5
7
0,00
6
7
0,00
4
8
0,29
Trang 25
3
0,92
0,414
0,210
0,06
0,08
0,08
1,25
0,07
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
3,33
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
0,09
3,33
0,09
0,09
DA
V0.1
06
kWh/n
m
/km
0,1
2
0,3
7
0,3
4
1,2
2
1,5
7
0,3
7
1,1
4
0,4
7
0,6
3
0,4
6
0,2
7
0,0
9
0,3
4
0,9
4
0,8
3
0,9
5
0,5
4
1,0
1
0,3
8
0,4
3
V.
12
0,921
218
182,299
2007
42,554
725
214,069
576
30
4,
12
28
530,437
892
14,482
405
2,0
45,966
405
6,0
23,940
405
2,0
21,280
179
1,
18,229
265
2,3
9,776
355
2,
0,944
485
2,
5,037
179
3,2
135,782
355
5,
40,551
179
2,5
47,473
179
2,6
46,629
265
2,3
60,791
485
8,2
38,754
355
2,4
26,181
1506,1
0
Lp D4LT-H3
405
3,
13
1

nghip
Bng 3.4. Bng kt qu tnh ton phng n 2.
Nguyn Minh c
Trang 26
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
- Tnh ton hao tn in p cc i trong mng in h p

UM2 = UTBA-TPP + UTPP-L2 + UL2-10= 0,37 + 1,57 + 0,94= 2,88V
=> Hao tn cc i trong mng in h p l:
UMax = UM3 = 3,48V
- Hao tn in p cho php:
V
U cp =
U cp %.U dm
100
2, 5.380
=
=9, 5
100
Nh vy, UMax = 3,48 V < Ucp= 9,5 V => mng in m bo yu cu k thut.

* Kt lun:
So snh kt qu tnh ton ca 2 phng n, nhn thy phng n 1 c tng chi ph
quy i nh hn phng n 2:
S chnh lch chi ph c xc nh:
%
Z % =
Z 2 Z1
24,54 24, 47
.100=
.100= 0, 29
Z2
24,54
C 2 phng n u m bo ch tiu k thut, cn v kinh t th phng n 1

chim u th hn. Vy chn phng n 1 tnh ton thit k.
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
27
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
CHNG IV
LA CHN V KIM TRA CC THIT B CA S NI IN.
Cc tit din dy chn c phi m bo cung cp in an ton, lin tc, khng b qu
nhit. Phng thc i dy trong mng cn hp l, tin cho vic vn hnh, sa cha.
4.1. Chn tit din dy dn ca mng ng lc, dy dn mng chiu sng:
4.1.1. Dy dn mng ng lc.
+ Dng in chy trong dy dn cao p:
A
I=
S
44, 25
=
=1,16
3.U
3.22
+ Tit din dy dn cn thit:

mm2
F=
I 1,16
=
= 1, 054
jkt
1,1
+ i vi ng dy cao p, tit din ti thiu khng nh hn 35mm2 nn chn

loi dy AC - 35 ni t ngun vo trm bin p.
Tit din ca dy dn t trm bin p ti t phn phi v t t phn phi n cc t
ng lc c chn s b trn (bng 3.3). By gi tin hnh kim tra theo iu kin
dng in cho php:
Theo phng thc mc trong ho cp, tra trong bng 15pl 17pl [ 1 ], xc nh
c cc h s hiu chnh : k1 = 0,95, k2 = 1, k3 = 0,96.
Ta tin hnh kim tra cho dy t trm bin p ti t phn phi: theo trn dng dy
XLPE.25, c dng in cho php iu kin chun l: Icp = 280 A. Dng in hiu chnh
cho php:
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
28
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Ilv = 206,008> k1.k2 .k3.Icp = 0,95.1.0,96.280 = 255,36 A. Nn tit din dy ny l

tho mn.
Ta kim tra tng t cho cc on cn li, kt qu ghi trong bng 4.1:
ng vi k1 = 0,95; k2 = 1 v k3 = 0,96
Bng 4.1 Kim tra iu kin cho dy dn.

TT
on
dy
Ng-MBA
MBA-TPP
TPPTL1
TPPTL2
TPPTL3
F
mm2
Icp
17
AC-35 5
11
25
9
K1.K2.K3.Ic
p
159,600
108,528
10
70
63,840
10
70
63,840
16
94
85,728
TL1-1
2,5
30
27,360
TL1-2
2,5
30
27,360
TL1-3
2,5
30
27,360
TL1-4
2,5
30
27,360
10
TL1-15
2,5
30
27,360
11
TL2-6
2,5
30
27,360
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
29
Ilv
1,16126
13
67,2309
2
16,6422
86
19,4931
68
32,1824
43
5,31769
98
5,46963
41
6,83704
27
4,55802
84
4,44685
7
3,98827
49
Kt lun
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
12
TL2-7
1,5
27
24,624
13
TL2-8
1,5
27
24,624
14
TL2-10
51
46,512
15
TL2-14
2,5
30
27,360
16
TL3-11
2,5
30
27,360
17
TL3-12
40
36,480
18
TL3-13
2,5
30
27,360
19
TL3-5
51
46,512
20
TL3-9
40
36,480
1,16872
52
1,55830
03
14,1081
83
5,31769
98
5,55857
13
8,99610
88
5,90855
54
11,3950
71
7,14984
85
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Tha
mn
Nh vy tt c cc dy dn ca mng ng lc u c thit din tho mn iu

kin dng in cho php.
4.1.2. Chn dy dn cho mng in chiu sng:
- Ta ch chn dy dn cho mng chiu sng chung, cn chiu sng cc b c ly
in ti ch qua mng ng lc.
Mng in chiu sng c ly in t t phn phi ch khng ly in t cc t
ng lc v khi cc ng c m my s gy ra st p ln, nh hng n cht lng chiu
sng. Dy dn cung cp in t t phn phi n t chiu sng l cp ng 3 pha, cn
dy n cc bng n l cc dy 2 pha c trung tnh. T in chiu sng c t ngay
ca vo ca phn xng (cnh vn phng xng) tin cho vic bt tt.
Nguyn Minh c
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30
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Hnh 4.1- S mch in chiu sng

- V t phn phi c t trung tm ti nn mng in chiu sng c xy
dng vi 6 mch r, mi mch r gm 13 bng. Nh vy cng sut mi mch nhnh phi
chu l: 13x0,2 = 2,6 kW.
Ta tnh cc m men ti nh sau:
M0=P0.l0 = 14,9.20,5= 305,45kWm
M1 = P1.l1 = 2,6.48,5 = 126,1kWm
M2 = P2.l2 = 2,6.44,5 = 115,7kWm
M3 = P3.l3 = 2,6.40,5 = 105,3kWm
M4 = P4.l4 = 2,6.44,5 = 115,7kWm
M5 = P5.l5 = 2,6.48,5 = 126,1kWm
- M men qui i:
Mqd = M0+ .(M1+M2+M3+M4+M5)
=305,45 + 1,33.(126,1+115,7+105,3+115,7+126,1)
= 1088,687kWm
Nguyn Minh c
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31
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
H s ph thuc cu trc mng in
2 pha c trung tnh :
xc nh theo bng 5.pl [ 2 ] ng vi mch
= 1,33
Ta phn b
% . C
U cp
% ca mng chiu sng s l :
U cp
Ucpcs = Ucp% - UTBA-TPP %= 2,5% - 0,0815% =2,418%

on OA :
=2%
U cp
Vy tit din ca on dy dn OA l:
FOA =
M qd
C.U cpOA
1088, 687
= 6, 55 mm 2
83.2
C =83 tra bng 4.pl [ 2 ], ng vi dy ng ca mng 3 pha c trung tnh.

Ta chn dy c tit din 10mm2.
Tnh ton tng t cho cc nhnh r cn li ta c kt qu chn tit din dy dn ca
mng chiu sng ghi trong bng sau:
Bng 4.2: Tit din dy chiu sng .
on
F mm2
OA
10
AB
2,5
AC
2,5
AD
2,5
AE
2,5
AF
2,5
Nhn xt: do cc dy mch nhnh c chn vi tit din vt cp nn khng cn kim

tra iu kin tn tht in p cho php.
Ngoi ra cn cn chn dy dn cho cc bng n ca nh v sinh v phng thay .
C 4 bng tt c, v v cng sut ca chng khng ln, nn n gin ch cn chn dy
2 pha (ng ), tit din 1,5mm2, v khng cn kim tra iu kin hao tn in p.
4.3. Chn thit b bo v:
Nguyn Minh c
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32
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Cc thit b ny phc v cho vic bo v mch in, h tr cho mch in lm vic tin
cy, an ton, v gip cho vic o lng c chnh xc.
4.1.2. Tnh ton ngn mch
Ngn mch l tnh trng s c nghim trng v thng xuyn xy ra trong h thng
cung cp in. Cc s liu trong tnh ton ngn mch l cn c quan trng la chn
thit b in, thit k h thng bo v r le v.v V vy vic tnh ton ngn mch l mt
phn khng th thiu c trong h thng cung cp in.
Cc dng ngn mch thng xuyn xy ra trong h thng cung cp in l ngn mch N3,
N(1,1), N1. Trong ngn mch 3 pha l s c nghim trng nht v vy thng cn c vo
ngn mch 3 pha la chn thit b in.
Cc im cn tnh ngn mch l :
N1: Ngn mch ngay ti thanh ci trm bin p kim tra iu kin n nh nhit ca
n .
N2: thanh ci t phn phi h p kim tra aptmat tng .
Ta tin hnh xc nh dng in ngn mch t v 2 v tr c trng l trn thanh ci ca t
phn phi v ta mt im xa nht ca mch l im s1.
0
1
X HT
Z d-0
N1
Z 0-1
N2
Hnh 6: S tnh ton ngn mch.

Xc nh in tr ca cc phn t , tnh trong h n v c tn . Chn Ucb = 0,38 kV.
2
U cb
0,382
X HT =
=
= 54,5.10 3 = 54 m
SK
2,65
X-0 = x0.L-0 =
Nguyn Minh c
0,41. 58 = 23,78m
Trang
33
Lp D4LT-H3

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R-0 = r0.L-0 = 0,92.58 = 53,36 m

X0-1 = x0.L0-1=
0,06. 15 = 0,9m
R0-1= r0.L0-1= 0,21.15 = 3,15 m

Zk1 =
R 2D0 + (XHT + XD 0 )2 = 53,362 + (54 + 23, 78)2 = 94,32m
Zk2
(R D 0 + R 0 1 )2 + (XHT + XD 0 + X0 1 )2 = (53, 36 + 3,15)2 + (54 + 23, 78 + 0,9)2 = 96,87m
*Dng ngn mch 3 pha ti N1:
I(3)
k1 =
E
U
380
=
=
.103 = 2,32 kA
Z k1
3.Zk1
3.94,32
Vi t s
nn h s xung kch kxk = 1,15 Bng 6.1.pl Bi tp cung cp in - TS.

Xk
>1
Rk
Trn Quang Khnh.

Dng in xung kch :
ixk1 = kxk.
= 1,15.
(3)
2 Ik1
.2,32 = 3,787 kA
*Dng ngn mch 3 pha ti N2:
I(3)
k2 =
E
U
380
=
=
.103 = 2,267 kA
Zk 2
3.Zk2
3.96,87
Dng in xung kch :

ixk2 = kxk.
2 I
= 1,15.
(3)
k2
.2,267 = 3,687 kA
4.3.1. Chn thit b phn phi pha cao p:
Nguyn Minh c
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34
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
Theo s liu cho trong bi ta c thi gian ct l tk = 2,5s

4.3.1.1. Cu chy cao p:
Cu chy cao p gip ngt in khi xy ra s c pha cao. Cu chy ny ri khi c s c
gip d pht hin.
Dng in lm vic bnh thng pha cao p:
= 1,16A
I lv =
Stt
44, 25
=
3.U C
3.22
Ta chn cu chy cao p do hng SIEMENS ch to ( hoc cu chy tng ng
loai KT do Lin Bang Nga ch to ) c Un = 22kV, dng nh mc

In = 5A ( Tra bng 20.d.pl ) [ 2 ] .
4.3.1.2. Dao cch ly:
Cn c vo dng in lm vic ta chn dao cch ly plh22/630(hoc loi 3DC do
SIEMENS ch to)
4.3.1.3.Chng st
Chn chng st van loi PBC-22T1 do Nga sn xut (hoc loi C24 do Php sn
xut,hoc loi AZLP501B24 do hng Cp M ch to)
4.3.2.5. Chn ptmt:
a. Chn aptmt cho mch chiu sng:
T chiu sng c bo v bng aptmt khi mt in c th ng li nhanh, khng
mt thi gian phi thay dy ch nu dng cu chy, m bo chiu sng lin tc.
V cng sut chiu sng chung l 14,9 kW nn dng in lm vic ca mch chiu sng
chung l:
=22,66A
I cs =
S cs
=
3.U H
14,9
3.0,38
Tra bng 20.e.pl [ 2 ] ta chn aptmt loi A50 3MT c dng nh mc l
In =
25A .
Nguyn Minh c
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35
Lp D4LT-H3

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b. Chn aptmat bo v cc ng c :
Chn aptmt co cc ng c nh sau:
Tnh ton tiu biu cho 1 ng c l my tin c s hiu trn s l thit b 10.
Dng in lm vic trn dy dn t t ng lc n ng c l 14,19 A ( xc nh
mc 4.1).
Coi cc ng c c bi s m my l kmm = 4. V ng c khi ng iu kin khi
ng nh nn
= 2,5. Do dng m my ca ng c l:
mm
Imm = 4.14,19 = 56,43A.
Dng khi ng ca phn t nhit ca aptmat nm trong gii hn (c chn ging
nh ca cu ch ):
I mm
I kd 1,45.I cp
mm
56, 43
= 22,573 A I k d 1, 45.51= 73,95 A
2,5
Icp l dng cho php hiu chnh ca dy dn, tnh c phn chn tit din (bng
4.1) l 51 A.
Bng 4.3 Chn p tmt
ng
Loi
Ilv
Imm
21,27
Icp
Ik
8,5083
In
Aptomat
TL1-1
5,318
1
21,87
30
2
8,7514
10
EA52G
TL1-2
5,470
9
27,34
30
1
10,939
10
EA52G
TL1-3
6,837
8
18,23
30
3
7,2928
15
AII50-3MT
TL1-4
TL1-
4,558
2
17,78
30
5
7,1149
10
EA52G
15
4,447
30
10
EA52G
Nguyn Minh c
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36
Lp D4LT-H3

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15,95
6,3812
TL2-6
3,988
30
4
1,8699
10
EA52G
TL2-7
1,169
4,675
27
6
2,4932
10
EA52G
TL2-8
TL2-
1,558
6,233
56,43
27
8
22,573
10
EA52G
10
TL2-
14,108
3
21,27
51
1
8,5083
25
AII50-3MT
14
TL3-
5,318
1
22,23
30
2
8,8937
10
EA52G
11
TL3-
5,559
4
35,98
30
1
14,393
10
EA52G
12
TL3-
8,996
4
23,63
40
8
9,4536
15
EA52G
13
5,909
4
45,58
30
9
18,232
10
EA52G
TL3-5
11,395
0
28,59
51
1
11,439
20
AII50-3MT
TL3-9
7,150
40
15
AII50-3MT
Nh vy theo bng trn cn dng tt c 10 aptomat loi EA52G;4 aptomat loi A503MT.
c. Chn aptomat bo v cc t ng lc:
Chn cho 1 t tiu biu l t 1:
Dng khi ng ca aptmat c xc nh theo biu thc:
Ikd =
n 1
I mm max
+ k t I ni
1
mm
Immmax : dng m my ca 1 ng c c dng lm vic ln nht trong nhm .
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
37
Lp D4LT-H3

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Dng m my ca ng c ln nht l ng c 10 c Ilvmax = 14,108A (y l dng

hiu chnh theo h s tip in ).
Nn :
Immmax = 4.14,108= 56,43 A. Trong 4 l bi s m my ca cc ng c
kt: l h s ng thi ca nhm. V khng cho qui trnh cng ngh ca nhm nn ta
coi cc my lm vic ng thi, tc kt = 1.
Ini l dng lm vic ca cc ng c lc bnh thng, c xc nh trong bng 4.1.
mm: h s ph thuc ch m my ca ng c. Nh trn coi cc ng c c ch
m my nh nn ly bng 2,5.
Nh vy:
Ikd =
56, 43
+ 1.(5,318 + 5, 470 + 6,837 + 4,558 + 4, 447)
2,5
= 49,201A
Dng khi ng ct nhanh ca aptmat phi tha mn iu kin:
Ikdcn
1,25Immmax = 1,25. 49,201 = 61,5sA
Ta chn aptmat loi EA103G ( tra bng 31.pl )[ 2 ] c dng nh mc l:

In= 75A
Tng t ta chn aptmat bo v cho cc t phn phi cn li, kt qu ghi trong bng
sau :
Bng 4.4 Bng chn aptmt cho cc t ng lc:
Ik
In
L1
61,5
75
EA103-G
L2
60,89
75
EA103-G
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
38
Loi aptmt
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
L3
76,97
100
EA103-G
Nh vy theo bng trn cn dng 3 aptomat loi EA103-G

4.3.2.5. Chn aptomat tng bo v t phn phi chnh:
Aptmt tng c dng in ph ti chy qua l : I = 108,528 A (xc nh theo
bng4.1), cn c vo chn loi aptmat SA403-H do Nht Bn ch to c dng nh
mc l : In = 125 A c dng ct l Ik = 85kA .
Kim tra kh nng lm vic ca aptmt:
Ict> Isc suy ra : 85 kA >2,923 kA
Isc : dng ngn mch 3 pha ti im N2 tnh c mc 4.2, bng 2,923 kA.Vy
aptmt chn tha mn iu kin k thut .
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
39
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CHNG V
TNH CHN T B NNG CAO H S CNG SUT.
Vic t b c li v mt gim tn tht in p, in nng, cho i tng dng in l
t phn tn cc b t b cho tng ng c. Tuy nhin nu t phn tn qu s khng c
li v vn u t, v qun l vn hnh. Cho nn vic b tr t t b u l 1 bi ton
cn xem xt k.
5.1. Xc nh dung lng b cn thit:
Yu cu h s cng sut cn nng ln l cos2 = 0,9. Nn tg 2 = 0,48.
C: cos = 0,86. Nn tg = 0,593.
Do dung lng b cn thit l
Qb = P.(tg - tg 2 ) = 38,055.( 0,593 0,48 ) = 4,3kVA
Chn t b loi KM1 - 0,38 c cng sut Q = 13kVAr
5.2. nh gi hiu qu b cng sut phn khng:
Cng sut biu kin ca phn xng sau khi b s l:
Ssaub = Ptt + j( QN Qbn ) = 38,055 + j( 22,58 4,3 ) = 38,055 + j18,28kVA
Gi tr mun ca n l :
Nguyn Minh c
Trang
40
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Ssaub =
kVA, nhn thy nh i rt nhiu so vi gi tr
38, 055 2 +18, 28 2 = 42, 22

tnh ton ban u. Nh vy cc tit din ta chn ban u s c m bo iu kin pht
nng.
CHNG 6
D TON CNG TRNH.
6.1 Danh mc cc thit b.
Trong hch ton cng trnh ta ch xt n cc thit b chnh c nu trong bng di y.
Bng 8.1 Danh mc cc thit b cung cp cho phn xng.
STT
1
2
6
7
8
9
Tn thit b
Trm bin p
Dy dn 22KV
Cp h p
Cp h p
Cp h p
Cp h p
Nguyn Minh c
Quy cch
31,5kAV
AC -35
XPLE.25
XPLE.16
XPLE.10
XPLE.6
Trang
41
n
v
Ci
km
km
km
km
km
S lng
2
0.58
0.019
0.02
0.05
0.023
n gi
106
106
140,6
218
576
485
405
355
140,7
126.44
10.94
9.70
20.25
8.17
Lp D4LT-H3

nghip
10
11
13
19
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Cp h p
Cp h p
Cp h p
Cu chy cao p
Chng st van
V t in
Aptomat t phn phi
Aptomat t ng lc
Aptomat ng c
Aptomat ng c
Aptomat mch chiu sng
Cng t 3 pha
My bin dng
ng thanh ci h p
Cc tip a
Thanh ni tip a
T b
Thanh ci MBA
Tng
XPLE.4
XPLE.2,5
XPLE.1,5
KT
PBC-22T1
km
km
km
B
B
Ci
SA403-H
Ci
EA130G
Ci
EA52G
Ci
A50-3MT
Ci
A50-3MT
Ci
Ci
TKM-0,5
B
M,50.6
Kg
5,6
Cc
50.6
Mt
KM2-0,38-36.Y B
CU 50x5mm Mt
0.017
0.319
24
1
1
4
1
3
11
4
1
1
1
10
12
22
1
4
265
179
115
17
1.5
1
2.3
0.6
1.25
1.37
0.37
0.6
0.9
0.06
0.1
0.015
7
0.05
4.51
57.10
2,760.00
17.00
1.50
4.00
2.30
1.80
13.75
5.48
0.37
0.60
0.90
0.60
1.20
0.33
7.00
0.20
3054,14
6.2 Xc nh cc tham s kinh t .

Tng gi thnh ca cng trnh lV = 3,054.106
Tng gi thnh c tnh cho cng sut lp t:
V = k l .V = 1,1.3054,14.10 =6 3359,5510 6
Trong :
kl : h s lp t, ly bng 1,1
Gi thnh mt n v cng sut lp t:
V 3359,55.106
g = kVA=
= 69, 02.106
S
44, 25
Chi ph vn hnh hng nm

Cvh = k0&M. V = 0,02. 3359,55.106 = 73,91.106 ng.
Nguyn Minh c
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42
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Tng chi ph quy i

Z = pV + C = (0,185. 3359,55+ 73,91).106 = 695,43.106 /nm
Tng in nng tiu th:
A = P.TM = 38,55.3500 = 134925 kWh.
Tng chi ph trn mt n v in nng
/kWh.
g=
Nguyn Minh c
Z 695, 43 6
=
.10 = 5,154 / kWh
A 134,925
Trang
43
Lp D4LT-H3

Nguyen Minh Duc - Chuan

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Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Cng sut ca cc thit b

3,5 3,6 4,5

2,1 0,6 0,8 6,5 2,8

Tn tht in p cho php t ngun in n u vo ca cc thit b tiu th in

= 2,5%. Cn b cng sut phn khng t n h s cng sut l cos

= 0,9. Thi gian hon vn

= 8 nm, h s khu hao thit b

2,65 MVA. Thi gian tn ti ca dng in ngn mch

= 3500 h. Cng sut ngn mch ti im u

gian s dng cng sut cc i

cng sut v h s s dng ca cc thit b tiu th in c cho nh sau:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

B ngm dung dch kim

I. Ni dung ca bn thuyt minh

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

2. S mng in trn mt bng phn xng

CHNG I: TNH TON CHIU SNG CHO PHN XNG

Phi to ra c nh sng ging nh sng ban ngy.

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Theo biu Kruithof ng vi ri 60 lux nhit mu cn thit l m=32000K s

Kim tra iu kin:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Cn c c im ca ni tht chiu sng c th coi h s phn x ca

Fd .N ..kld 3200.65.0, 58.0, 6

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

- Xc nh h s s dng tng hp ca nhm thit b theo biu thc sau :

ca nhm . Nu k > kb , ly nhd = n , l s lng thit b thc t ca nhm .

Ngc li c th tnh nhd theo cng thc sau :

- Cui cng ph ti tnh ton ca c nhm l :

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Pt : l cng sut ca ph ti ly theo trong bng 1.2 , tc l cng sut nh mc ca

P : cng sut qui v ch lm vic di hn ca thit b .

B ngm dung dch kim

B ngm tng nhit

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

- Tng cng sut ph ti nhm 1:

- Tng cng sut ph ti nhm 2:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

- S lng hiu dng nhm 3:

- Tng cng sut ph ti nhm 3:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Bng 2.6. Bng tng hp ph ti ng lc ca cc nhm:

- S lng hiu dng:

- Tng cng sut ph ti ng lc:

- H s cng sut trung bnh ca ph ti tng hp:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Xc nh ph ti tng hp theo phng php s gia:

- Tng cng sut tc dng tnh ton ton phn xng:

17, 473 0,04

- H s cng sut tng hp:

Pi .cos i 14, 9.1 + 4, 4.0,8 + 26,85.0,8

- Cng sut biu kin ca ph ti phn xng:

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Cn c vo s b tr cc thit b trong phn xng thy rng cc ph ti c

Di gc an ton k thut, cc phng n khng ngang nhau v tin cy cung

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

C: thnh phn chi ph do tn tht. C = A.c

= 44,25.0,85 = 37,612( kVA )

Nh vy my bin p c th lm vic qu ti khi xy ra s c, bi vy khi c s

Thit k cung cp in cho mt xng sn xut cng

Z2 = (0,174.140,6+ 3987360 ) =3,98738.106