Skip to content Skip to main navigation Skip to 1st column Skip to 2nd column

Cc Cnh st phng chy, cha chy v cu nn, cu h

TRANG CH C CU T CHC
o o o

T CHC LC LNG CC CNH ST PCCC CC N V CNH ST PCCC

VN BN QPPL TH TC HNH CHNH

o o o o o

TH TC THM DUYT KIM TRA THI CNG TH TC NGHIM THU CP PHP VN CHUYN KIM NH PHNG TIN PCCC

NGHIP V
o o o o o

AN TON PCCC THM DUYT PCCC CNG TC CHA CHY QUN L PHNG TIN TUYN TRUYN PCCC

T VN, NCKH
o

T VN DCH V PCCC

NGHIN CU KHOA HC

THNG TIN, HOT NG

o o o o

TIN TRONG NC TIN QUC T TIN KHOA HC K THUT X PHT VI PHM HNH CHNH

HI P
o

T VN, TR LI

Th hai, 11/10/2010

Home Nghip v Cng tc cha chy Cc phng php, bin php c bn v cha chy

Cc phng php, bin php c bn v cha chy

Ch nht, 31 Thng 5 2009 17:13

Mt s ni dung v phng php v bin php cha chy: 1. Nhng vn chung v cng tc cha chy: - Khi nim v cha chy: Trong Lut PCCC gii thch t ng cha chy l bao gm cc cng vic huy ng, trin khai lc lng, phng tin cha chy, ct in, t chc thot nn, cu ngi, cu ti sn, chng chy lan, dp tt m chy v cc hot ng khc c lin quan n cha chy. Tuy vy, trong khoa hc v PCCC c nghin cu qu trnh cha chy l vic s dng lc lng v phng tin to thnh cc iu kin lm ngng s chy. Ni cch khc l gim nhit chy xung thp hn nhit tt dn. Tm li, cha chy cn phi c lc lng, phng tin, nc v cc vt liu cha chy cng ngi ch huy cha chy t chc, iu hnh cc hot ng cn thit nhm dp tt m chy v hn ch ti a cc thit hi v ngi v ti sn do m chy gy ra. - Bin php c bn trong cha chy: Lut PCCC (iu 30) quy nh c th bin php c bn cn phi thc hin trong hot ng cha chy l, + Huy ng nhanh nht cc lc lng, phng tin dp tt ngay m chy.

+ Tp trung cu ngi, cu ti sn v chng chy lan. + Thng nht ch huy, iu hnh trong cha chy. - Thng tin bo chy v cha chy: (iu 32 Lut PCCC) + Thng tin bo chy bng hiu lnh hoc bng in thoi. (i vi cc thn, p, bn nn ch trng dng hiu lnh thng tin bo chy cho i vin dn phng, cn in thoi cng cn c quan tm bo chy cho n v Cnh st PCCC bit). + S in thoi bo chy c quy nh thng nht trong c nc. - Trch nhim cha chy v tham gia cha chy: (iu 33 Lut PCCC) + Ngi pht hin thy chy phi bng mi cch bo chy nhanh nht v cha chy; c quan, t chc, h gia nh v c nhn gn ni chy phi nhanh chng thng tin v tham gia cha chy. + Lc lng PCCC khi nhn c tin bo chy trong a bn c phn cng qun l hoc nhn c lnh iu ng phi lp tc n cha chy; trng hp nhn c thng tin bo chy ngoi a bn c phn cng qun l th phi bo ngay cho lc lng PCCC ni xy ra chy, ng thi phi bo co cp trn ca mnh. + C quan Y t, in lc, cp nc, mi trng th, giao thng v cc c quan hu quan khc khi nhn c yu cu ca ngi ch huy cha chy phi nhanh chng iu ng ngi v phng tin n ni xy ra chy phc v cha chy. + Lc lng cng an, dn qun, t v c trch nhim t chc gi gn trt t, bo v khu vc cha chy v tham gia cha chy. - Ngun nc v cc vt liu cha chy: (iu 35 Lut PCCC) Khi c chy, mi ngun nc v cc vt liu cha chy phi c u tin s dng cho cha chy. - Ngi ch huy cha chy: Theo quy nh ca Lut PCCC v Ngh nh hng dn thi hnh lut PCCC th ngi lm ch huy cha chy l, + Trong mi trng hp, ngi c chc v cao nht t ch huy cp i Cnh st PCCC tr ln c mt ti ni xy ra chy l ngi ch huy cha chy. + Khi lc lng Cnh st PCCC cha n ni chy th trong phm vi qun l ca mnh, ngi lm ch huy cha chy l mt trong s nhng ngi sau: Ngi ng u c s, i trng i PCCC c s hoc ngi c u quyn; trng thn (v cp tng ng), i

trng i dn phng hoc ngi c u quyn; ngi ch huy phng tin, ch phng tin, ngi iu khin phng tin giao thng c gii; ch rng hoc ngi c u quyn nu rng thuc c quan, t chc. + Ngi ng u c quan, t chc, Ch tch UBND cp x tr ln c mt ti m chy l ngi ch o, ch huy cha chy. 2. Cc phng php lm ngng s chy: Cc nh khoa hc nghin cu v phng php lm ngng s chy v chia ra lm 4 nhm l: - Phng php lm lnh vng chy hoc cht chy. - Phng php gim nng cc cht phn ng. - Phng php cch ly cc cht phn ng vi vng chy. - Phng php km hm (c ch) ho hc phn ng chy. + Phng php lm lnh l h nhit ca vng chy xung thp hn nhit tt dn hoc h nhit ca cht chy xung thp hn nhit bc chy ca n. Phng php ny c p dng ch yu dp m chy cht rn, cn i vi cht lng, kh t khi p dng v vic h nhit ca vng chy xung thp hn nhit bc chy ca chng l rt kh thc hin. Trong thc t, nc l cht cha chy c kh nng lm lnh tt dp nhiu cht chy khc nhau, tuy nhin nc c tc dng mnh vi cc kim loi kim, kim th v mt s cht khc, do vy cn lu khi s dng nc cha chy khi xc nh trong m chy c nhng loi cht ny. + Phng php cch ly cc cht phn ng vi vng chy l ngn cch s tip xc gia cc phn t cht chy v cht xy ho vng phn ng chy. Trong cha chy c th s dng cc phng php cch ly bng lp bt cha chy, lp bt cha chy, bng cc sn phm n, bng c b phn ngn chy, bng cch to khong cch. Phng php ny c p dng dp tt hu ht cc dng m chy, tuy nhin cn kt hp phun nc lm mt loi tr s chy tr li. + Phng php gim nng cc cht phn ng (phng php lm long vng chy) l lm cho nng ca cc cht tham gia phn ng chy gim xung thp hn gii hn nng bc chy thp ca chng. C th thc hin phng php ny bng cch thay i t l gia cht chy v cht xy ho hoc gi nguyn t l m gim nng thnh phn ca chng bng cch a thm vo vng chy nhng loi cht tr (khng tham gia phn ng chy), c th l bng cch phun nc, phun sng hi nc, kh tr, bt cha chy, cc sn phm chy (khi, kh khng chy). + Phng php km hm (c ch) ho hc phn ng chy l lm mt kh nng hot ho cc tm hot ng ca phn ng chy chui. Cc cht c s dng dp chy theo phng php ny gm mt s loi bt cha chy. Trong 4 phng php trn th nhng phng php lm lnh, lm gim nng cc cht tham gia phn ng chy v cch ly l nhng phng php c tc dng v mt l hc.

Phng php c ch ho hc v tc dng v mt ho hc. Trong thc t cng tc cha chy thng s dng kt hp nhiu phng php. Trong khi s dng mt cch tng hp ny th bao gi cng c 1 phng php ng vai tr ch o cn cc phng php cn li ch l b tr. 3. Cc bin php cha chy: Trong chin thut cha chy c 4 bin php cha chy l: - Bin php cha chy theo mt la. - Bin php cha chy theo chu vi. - Bin php cha chy theo din tch. - Bin php cha chy theo th tch. + Bin php cha chy theo mt la: c p dng trong trong nhng trng hp cn thit phi khng ch khng cho m chy tip tc pht trin. Trng hp ny ch huy cha chy b tr lc lng, phng tin nhng phn chu vi m chy m din ra qu trnh chy lan. Tin hnh dp tt tng phn din tch m chy, dn dn tin ti dp tt hon ton m chy. C trnghp cha chy theo mt la trng vi cha chy theo chu vi. + Bin php cha chy theo chu vi: c p dng khi lc lng v phng tin cha chy n m chy kh nng v iu kin b tr dp chy trn ton b din tch ca m chy, hoc trng hp m chy ang pht trin theo tt c cc hng v mc e do ca m chy ti cc hng ngang nhau. Nu khng dp tt chy tyc cc hng th m chy s pht trin ln v gy hu qu nghim trng. Trong trng hp ny i hi phi huy ng s lng lc lng v phng tin ln c th dp chy ty c chu vi ca m chy. + Bin php cha chy theo din tch: c p dng khi lc lng cha chy c kh nng v iu kin phun cht cha chy trn ton b din tch m chy. Vic p dng bin php cha chy theo mt la, chu vi hoc din tch cn ph thuc vo c im ca m chy cng nh kh nng ca lc lng, phng tin cha chy. Chng hn, vi m chy cht lng, ta ch c th p dng bin php cha chy theo din tch mi t hiu qu; i vi m chy cht rn khng phi lc no cng p dng c bin php cha chy theo din tch bi v tm phun su c tc dng ca cc lng phun nc c gii hn nht nh (10m i vi lng gi, 5 m i vi lng cm tay), do vy d

c lc lng, phng tin cha chy cng khng th phun cht cha chy ng thi trn ton b din tch m chy. + Bin php cha chy theo th tch: c p dng khi dp cc m chy bng kh tr hoc bng bt ha khng kh. Phng php cha chy theo th tch rt hiu qu i vi cc m chy trong phng kn hoc m chy trong hm cp in, hm ngm c khi tch khng qu ln. Thc t cha chy cn c p dng rt a dng cc bin php dp chy nh theo v tr phun cht cha chy (phun trc tip ln b mt cht chy, phun vo vng chy, phun vo mt im, phun u ton b b mt cht chy). Cc bin php cha chy rt a dng nn trong cha chy cn ty thuc vo tng hon cnh c th p dng mt cch hp l v linh hot th mi t hiu qu cha chy cao. 4. Nhng nguyn tc chung trong hot ng cha chy: - Hng pht trin ca m chy l hng m la lan truyn nhanh nht. Hng pht trin ca m chy ph thuc vo hng gi, hng trao i khng kh trong m chy v cch sp xp cc loi cht chy, tnh cht ca cc cht trong m chy. - Hng quyt nh trong cu cha m chy l hng c tp trung nhiu lc lng, phng tin v ch ca ngi ch huy trong cu cha m chy. Cn c xc nh hng quyt nh da trn cc tnh hung sau: + Phi chn ng m chy cu ngi b nn. + Phi chn ng khng cho m chy lan n khu vc c cht chy, n, c. c kh nng gy nguy hi ln. + Phi ngn chn khng cho la lan n khu vc nhiu ti liu, hng ho c gi tr cao. + Ngn chn khng cho la tip tc chy lan sang cc phn nh bn cnh c kh nng dn n chy ln. + Chn ng hng pht trin ca m chy. - chn ng khng cho la lan trn v dp tt m chy cn: + Nhanh chng trin khai phun nc vo gc la v ngn chn cc hng la pht trin.

+ Ph d cc b phn nh ca nhm h thp ngn la, hn ch chy lan hoc d to khong cch chn ng m chy. + Di chuyn cc cht chy pha trc ngn la lan truyn to khong cch khng cn cht chy khng cho la chy lan n. - Cc lng phun nc u tin c tc dng khng ch khng cho la lan trn, bo v, trinh st khi vo khu vc la, khi nguy him cu ngi v nm tnh hnh. V vy n c nh hng ln ti hiu qu, kt qu cu cha v chy. - Khi cha chy, cc n v tham gia phi lun lun ch bo v ti sn, vt liu, phng tin khng nc phun trn lan lm h hng. - Khi cha chy nu xt thy cn thit, ngi ch huy cha chy phi cho m l thot khi, m cc ca thng gi lm gim nng khi to iu kin thun li cho vic cu ngi v cha chy. Khi m thot khi phi ch hn ch n mc thp nht kh nng chy lan, chy pht trin.

< Quay li Tin mi hn:

Tip theo >

09/07/2010 14:39 - Tng cc Cnh st QLHC v TTATXH t chc Hi thi

nghip v cha chy vng loi nm 2010

06/07/2010 07:59 - Thng bo v vic t chc Hi thi Nghip v cha

chy vng chung kt nm 2010

12/05/2010 13:17 - iu chnh mt s vn lin quan trong b thi

vng loi Hi thi th thao nghip v cha chy ton quc

29/04/2010 14:49 - thi vng loi Hi thi th thao nghip v cha chy

ton quc

15/04/2010 14:32 - iu l Hi thi th thao nghip v cha chy ton

quc Tin c hn:

29/05/2009 22:47 - i hnh cha chy c bn

29/05/2009 22:46 - i hnh cha chy, cu h cu nn p dng cho

phng tin cha chy, cu h cu nn mi

02/05/2009 11:48 - Mu phng n cha chy

Video

Tiu im Tn vinh 86 doanh nghip tiu biu v PCCC

Ngy 26/12, ti H Ni, B Cng Thng v B Cng an phi hp t...

K kt K hoch phi hp gia Cc Cnh st PCCC v Hip hi Gas

Nhm tng cng cng tc m bo an ton Phng chy cha chy (PCCC), n...

Gii tennis lc lng Cnh st PCCC

Nhn dp Ngy ton dn PCCC - 04/10/2009, ngy 24/10/2009 Cc Cnh s..

S kt 2 nm thc hin quy nh bo him chy, n

Ngy 10/9/2009, Cc Cnh st PCCC phi hp Cc Qun l gim st B..

K kt Quy ch phi hp gia Cc Cnh st PCCC v Tp on BCVT

Nhm tng cng cng tc m bo an ton phng chy cha chy (PCCC...

K kt Hp ng cung cp thit b cho lc lng Cnh st PCCC

Chiu 4/6/2009 c s ng ca Chnh ph Vit Nam, Chnh ph ...

K kt Quy ch phi hp gia Cc Cnh st PCCC v Tp on Du kh

Sng 11/8, ti H Ni din ra l k kt "Quy ch phi hp gi..

Gii thiu sn phm

Trang ch Tm kim Email Lin h

Copyright 2009 Bn quyn thuc v Cc Cnh st phng chy, cha chy v cu nn, cu h. a ch: S 2A ph inh L, qun Hon Kim, H Ni, Vit Nam in thoi: 04 - 38242227. Fax: 04 - 38254659. Email: cuc_cspccc@pccc.canhsat.vn hoc cuccspccc@gmail.com. Website: http://pccc.canhsat.vn
Loading...

Bnh CO2 - chuyn cha chy cht lng (xng, du, cn), cha chy kh (methan, gas) v thit b in. Trn bnh thng ghi r CO2, hoc MT2, MT3, MT5 c im ca loi bnh ny l c tc dng lm long m chy, do khng th cha ngoi tri m ch cha trong nh. Nhng do c tnh CO2 gy ngt, nn cng khng th bnh cha chy trong phng kn c ngi . Ngoi ra, khi CO2 c phun ra s c nhit rt lnh l -73 C, o ngi s dng khng c phun trc tip vo ngi khc, hoc cm vo loa bnh, v s b bng lnh. Bnh CO2 cng khng c s dng cha cc cht chy m trong c gc l kim loi kim, kim th (nh nhm, cht n en...), v s lm m chy mnh hn.