C S TIN HC 2

Microsoft Excel
V Hong Khang Email: vohoangkhang@yahoo.com

1- Khi nim & chc nng c bn trong MS Excel

1.1- Gii thiu: Phn mm cho php ngi s dng: To lp v thao tc trn cc bng tnh (spreadsheet). Qun l c s d liu n gin (simple database). Thng k v to lp cc biu (graph)... Sn phm ca Microsoft. Thnh phn ca Microsoft Office. Chy trn mi trng Windows v Macintosh. Cc phin bn gn y: Excel 97, 2000, 2002(XP), 2003.
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1.2- Khi ng Excel:

1.

Start Programs Excel.

Microsoft

2.

Desktop

Microsoft Excel.

3. 4.

Office Bar Microsoft Excel. Tm v thi hnh file: MSEXCEL.EXE hoc EXCEL.EXE
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1.3- Mn hnh lm vic:

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Cc thnh phn ca mn hnh lm vic

Thanh tiu (Title Bar). Thanh menu (Menu Bar). Thanh cng c chun (Standard Toolbar). Thanh cng c nh dng (Formating Toolbar). Thanh bin tp cng thc (Formula Bar). Bng tnh (Sheet).
256 ct (A..Z, AA,ABIV). 65536 dng. Mt file (workbook) gm nhiu bng tnh (sheet).

Cc thanh cun (scroll bars). Thanh trng thi (status bar). Dng tn ct (column heading). Ct tn hng (row heading).
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1.3- Thot khi Excel:

S dng Menu File
File Exit

Kch chut vo biu tng ng ng dng gc trn bn phi mn hnh Nhn t hp phm: Alt + F4

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1.4- Cc thao tc vi bng tnh:

to mt file (workbook) mi:
File New. Chn New workbook.

Workbook c th c nhiu trang tnh (sheet). to mt sheet mi:

Kch chut phi vo tn mt sheet no (vd: Sheet1), chn Insert, sau chn Worksheet.

t tn cho trang tnh:

Kch chut phi vo tn trang, chn Rename G tn ri g Enter.

B tr trt t cc sheets: Dng chut bm v r tn sheet ti v tr mong mun.

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Dch chuyn con tr

Con tr (Cell poiter) l hnh ch nht trm quanh ng vin . Di chuyn: S dng cc phm mi tn, Page Up, Page Down, Home. Nhn Ctrl + mi tn di chuyn n cui cng (u tin) ca bng tnh theo chiu mi tn. G F5 ri g a ch (xem phn sau) Kch chut vo no
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Chn min, ct, dng, bng

Chn min (range)
Bm v r chut t trn cng bn tri ti di cng bn phi ca vng (hoc theo cc chiu khc).

Chn c dng/ct
Kch chut tri ti tn dng (ct) la chn c dng (ct).

Nhn thm phm Ctrl khi chn chn cc min ri nhau. Chn c bng tnh
Kch chut vo giao gia hng tn ct v ct tn dng

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2- X L D LiU TRONG BNG TNH:

2.1- Cc kiu d liu: Kiu chui (Text) Kiu s (Number) Kiu Ngy (Date) Kiu Gi (Time) Kiu Tin t (Currency) ... Kiu do ngi dng t nh ngha (Custom)

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2.2- Cc ton t trong cng thc: Cng (+) Tr (-) Nhn (*) Chia (/) Ly tha (^) Ging trong Ton hc: Dng cp du ngoc ( ) u tin th t tnh ton. ...

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2.3- Nhp d liu: S dng bn phm nhp liu cho ti v tr con tr. G Enter hon tt!!! Nhp s:
Nhp bnh thng S dng du chm . lm du phn cch thp phn (Regional Setting l US, nu mun nhp du thp phn l du phy (,) th cn hiu chnh trong Regional Setting). S dng du gch cho / nhp phn s. Vit cch phn nguyn v phn thp phn nhp hn s.
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Nhp d liu:
Nhp s:
123.456 -123.456 hoc (123.456) 3/2 1 1/2 (hn s). 3E+7 (dng k thut).

Nhp ngy thng

Khun dng: mm/dd/yyyy (M) V d:
02/09/2004 12/31/2003

Nhp chui vn bn (text):

Cc xu c cha ch, nhp bnh thng Cc xu dng s: 1234, c hai cch nhp:
=1234 1234

Mun nhp theo nh dng VN th cn hiu chnh trong Control Panel.

Nhp thi gian

Khun dng: hh:mm:ss V d:
13:30:55

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2.4- Hiu chnh d liu: Sa:

Di chuyn con tr ti cn sa. Nhn phm F2 hoc kch p chut tri. Sa ni dung. Nhn Enter.

Xa d liu:
Chn min cn xo Nhn phm Delete xo d liu (cc khng b xo).
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2.5- a ch, min, cng thc a ch

a ch tng i a ch tuyt i a ch hn hp

Min
Khi nim min t tn min

Cng thc
Khi nim Hm
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a ch
Mi c xc nh bi hng v ct cha n. a ch = tn ct + tn hng V d
u tin c a ch A1 (A l ct A, 1 l hng 1)

a ch chia lm 3 loi:
Tng i Tuyt i Hn hp

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a ch tng i
Ch bao gm tn ct vit lin tn hng B thay i theo v tr tng i ca chp ti so vi gc khi sao chp cng thc V d
A1 F9

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a ch tuyt i
Cch vit
Thm du $ vo trc tn ct v tn dng. V d:
$A: Lun ct A $F$9: Lun l F9

Khng b thay i khi sao chp cng thc

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a ch hn hp
Cch vit
Thm du $ vo trc tn ct hoc tn hng V d:
$A1: C nh ct A A$1: C nh dng 1

B thay i theo v tr tng i ca chp ti so vi gc khi sao chp cng thc (ct hay dng khng c du $ pha trc)

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Min (range)
Tp hp Cch vit
/c gc: /c i din
C2:D8

/c gc../c i din
A1..A5

Dng ; phn cch cc min ri nhau:

B2..B8; E2:E8

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t tn cho min
Insert Name Define G tn min (khng c du cch)
V d: Ngy_thu

Chn Add Nhn OK S dng truy xut min

Trong cng thc

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B min v chn
B min:
Chn min cn b Chn menu Edit Delete Shift cells left: y sang tri. Shift cells up: y ln trn. Entire row: Xa ton b hng. Entire column: Xo ton b ct.

Chn : Chn menu Insert

Cells: Chn Columns: Chn ct vo bn tri ct hin thi. Rows: Chn hng ln pha trn hng hin thi.
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Cng thc (formula)

S dng tnh ton, thng k trn d liu. Bt u bng du bng ( = ) Tip theo l:
Cc hng, a ch, Php ton s hc: +,-,*,/,^ Hm V d:
=A1/B1+COS(A1)*SIN(B1)

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2.6- X l , ct, hng trong bng tnh:

Thm dng, ct: Right Click vo tiu dng hoc ct Insert. Xa dng, ct: Right Click vo tiu dng hoc ct cn xa Delete. Thay i rng dng, ct: a tr mouse n ng bin ca dng, ct, khi xut hin mi tn 2 u th ko l v th.
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Thay i kch thc hng (ct) bng menu Format Chn . Vo Format Row (hoc Format Column), s c cc menu con:
Height (Width): Chiu cao (b rng). AutoFit: T ng dn cch. Standard Width: B rng chun

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X l , ct, hng trong bng tnh:

Trn :
Chn cc , click vo biu tng Merge and Center trn thanh Formating. b Merge Cells, vo Format/Cells, b chn ti th Alignment

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X l , ct, hng trong bng tnh:

n/Hin dng, ct:
Right Click vo tiu dng hoc ct Hide/Unhide.

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2.7- in S th t t ng cho :
Cch 1:
Nhp STT u tin vo th nht. Nhn gi phm Ctrl, s dng mc in (Fill handle) sao chp n cc ln cn.
+

Cch 2:
Nhp gi tr vo 2 u tin. Chn 2 ny, tip tc s dng mc in sao chp n cc ln cn.

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2.8- nh dng d liu:

Chn cc cn nh dng:
Vo Format Cells.... Chn kiu d liu ti th Number

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Kiu d liu:
Kiu General:
Theo d liu nhp

Kiu Number: S con s l S dng du phn cch hng ngn (du phn nhm)

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Kiu d liu:
Kiu Currency:
Kiu tin t

S con s l K hiu tin tin t

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Kiu d liu:
Cc kiu:
Accounting: Ti chnh. Date: Ngy thng. Time: Thi gian. Percentage: Phn trm. Text: Ch

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Kiu d liu:
Kiu Custom: Kiu do ngi dng t nh ngha

Nhp vo kiu nh dng

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Alignment:
Trnh by d liu theo chiu ngang (Horizontal) v dc (Vertical) (General theo d liu, Left canh l tri, Right canh l phi, Top Ch vit ln cao, Center - ch vit gia, Bottom - ch vit y ) Wrap text - Gi gn d liu trong Shrink to fit T ng thay i kch c ch cho va Merge Cells Trn cc chn thnh 1 . Text direction - chiu vit ch (Left-toRight: t tri sang phi,) Orientation - Hng vit ch (tnh theo )

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Font:
Kiu phng ch Nghing, m, Kch thc Kiu gch chn Mt s la chn khc Xem trc

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Border:
Kiu ng vin Mu sc ng vin no hin, nt s chm

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Patterns:

Mu t Mu t

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S dng thanh cng c nh dng:

Cc biu tng v ngha ca chng trn thanh cng c nh dng trong Excel tng i ging Word. Di chuyn chut ln trn tng nt ri ch vi giy c c Tooltips. Hy chn hay min trc khi kch hot chc nng tng ng trn thanh cng c nh dng.

Font, size, B,I,U,

Merge and Center (Trn v canh l gia)

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Currency, Percentage
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2.9- Ghi ch cho :

Right Click vo /cc cn ghi ch:
Chn Insert Comments G ghi ch vo ( xa ghi ch: chn hp ghi ch v nhn Delete, hoc R-C vo , chn Delete Comment)

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3- HM TRONG EXCEL:
Cng thc
Bt u bi du = Gm:
a ch, hng, min, Ton t Hm

VD:
= A1+A2-B2 = SIN(A1) + COS(B2) = LN(A5)
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Thanh cng thc (Formula bar):

C th s dng thanh cng thc nhp cng thc cho tin. V d:
=G3+G3*F3+J3-H3-I3

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2.1- Khi nim hm:

Cc cng thc tnh ton c xy dng trc. Phc v cc tnh ton thng dng. C php:
Tn hm (danh sch i s)

i s c phn cch bi du phy (hoc du chm phy)

V d: =rank(x, range, order)

i s c th l gi tr, a ch, hng,

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3.2- Nhp cng thc v hm:

Nhp trc tip vo S dng thanh cng thc
Kch chut vo biu tng fx m hp thoi chn hm. Select a category: loi hm. Select a function: chn hm.

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3.3- Mt s hm thng dng:

3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:
Hm DATE: C php: DATE(year,month,day) ngha: Tr v dy s lin quan n ngy. + Year: c th t 1 n 4 con s. + Month: nu >12, Month s c hiu l thng th (Month 12) Vd: DATE(2008,14,2) cho kt qu l: February 2, 2009.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm DATE: (tt) + Day: l con s xc nh ngy ca thng. Nu Day > s ngy trong thng th day s c hiu l ngy th (Day -30) hoc (Day - 31), (Day - 28), (Day - 29) (ty vo thng, nm). Vd: DATE(2008,1,35) cho kt qu l: February 4, 2008

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm DATE: A 1 2 Year 2008 B Month 1 C Day 1

=DATE(A2,B2,C2) s cho kt qu l: 1/1/2008 hoc 39448 (ty vo cch Format Cells).

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm DAY: C php: DAY(serial_number) ngha: Tr v s th t Ngy (1..31) trong dy s lin quan n ngy serial_number.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm DAY: A 1 2 Date 15-Apr-2008

=DAY(A2) s cho kt qu l 15.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm NOW: C php: NOW() ngha: Tr v Ngy, Gi hin hnh. Hm TODAY: C php: TODAY() ngha: Tr v Ngy, Thng, Nm hin hnh. (Ty vo cch Format Cells)

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm MONTH: C php: MONTH(serial_number) ngha: Tr v s th t Thng (1..12) trong dy s lin quan n ngy serial_number.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm MONTH: A 1 2 Date 15-Apr-2008

=MONTH(A2) s cho kt qu l 4.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm YEAR: C php: YEAR(serial_number) ngha: Tr v Nm trong dy s lin quan n ngy serial_number.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm MONTH, YEAR: A 1 2 Date 15-Apr-2008

=YEAR(A2) s cho kt qu l 2008.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm WEEKDAY: C php: WEEKDAY(serial_number,return_type) ngha: Tr v ngy trong tun trong dy s serial_number lin quan n ngy.
Return_type: = 1 hoc b trng: Kiu tr v l 1 (Sunday) n 7 (Saturday), ging nh cc phin bn trc ca Microsoft Excel. = 2: Kiu tr v l 1 (Monday) n 7 (Sunday). = 3: Kiu tr v l 0 (Monday) n 6 (Sunday).
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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm WEEKDAY: A 1 2 Data 14/2/2008

=WEEKDAY(A2) s cho kt qu l 5. =WEEKDAY(A2,2) s cho kt qu l 4. =WEEKDAY(A2,3) s cho kt qu l 3.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm HOUR: C php: HOUR(serial_number) ngha: Tr v Gi trong dy s serial_number lin quan n gi.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm HOUR: 1 2 3 4 A Time 3:30:30 AM 3:30:30 PM 15:30

=HOUR(A2) s cho kt qu l 3. =HOUR(A3) s cho kt qu l 15. =HOUR(A4) s cho kt qu l 15.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm MINUTE: C php: MINUTE(serial_number) ngha: Tr v Pht trong dy s lin quan n gi serial_number.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm MINUTE: 1 2 A Time 4:48:00 PM

=MINUTE(A2) s cho kt qu l 48.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

Hm SECOND: C php: SECOND(serial_number) ngha: Tr v Giy trong dy s lin quan n gi serial_number.

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3.3.1- Hm v thi gian:

V d v hm SECOND: 1 2 3 A Time 4:48:18 PM 4:48

=SECOND(A2) s cho kt qu l 18. =SECOND(A3) s cho kt qu l 0.

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm LEFT: C php: LEFT(text,num_chars) ngha: Trch ra bn tri chui text mt s num_chars k t. Num_chars >= 0. Nu Num_chars > chiu di ca text th kt qu tr v l c chui text. Nu b trng num_chars, mc nhin xem nh l 1.
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V d v hm LEFT:
A Data Sale Price Sweden

1 2 3

=LEFT(A2,4) s cho kt qu l Sale. =LEFT(A3) s cho kt qu l S.

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm RIGHT: C php: RIGHT(text,num_chars) ngha: Trch ra bn phi chui text mt s num_chars k t. Num_chars >= 0. Nu Num_chars > chiu di ca text th kt qu tr v l c chui text. Nu b trng num_chars, mc nhin xem nh l 1.
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V d v hm RIGHT:
A Data Sale Price Stock Number

1 2 3

=RIGHT(A2,5) s cho kt qu l Price. =RIGHT(A3) s cho kt qu l r.

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm MID: C php: MID(text,start_num,num_chars) ngha: Trch trong chui text, bt u ti v tr start_num, mt s num_chars k t. (V tr ca k t u tin t tri sang trong chui text c tnh l 1)
Nu start_num > chiu di ca text th kt qu tr v l chui (rng). Nu start_num < chiu di ca text, num_chars > chiu di text, kt qu tr v l cc k t n cui chui text.
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V d v hm MID:
A Data Fluid Flow

1 2

=MID(A2,1,5) s cho kt qu l Fluid. =MID(A2,7,20) s cho kt qu l Flow. =MID(A2,20,5) s cho kt qu l chui (rng).

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm TRIM: C php: TRIM(text) ngha: Xa trong chui text tt c cc khong trng (khong cch) d tha (u, gia v cui chui), cc t cch nhau ng 1 khong trng.

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V d v hm TRIM:
=TRIM( DH BC Ton Duc Thang ) s cho kt qu l DH BC Ton Duc Thang.

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm LEN: C php: LEN(text) ngha: Tr v s k t c trong chui text.

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V d v hm LEN:
A Data DH BC TDT

1 2 3 =LEN(A2) 9. =LEN(A3) 0.

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm VALUE: C php: VALUE(text) ngha: Chuyn chui text dng s sang s tng ng. Text c th c nh dng: s, ngy, gi.

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V d v hm VALUE:
=VALUE($1,000) s tr v 1000. =VALUE("16:48:00") - VALUE("12:00:00") s tr v 0.2 hoc 4:48:00

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3.3.2- Hm v k t:
Hm TEXT: C php: TEXT(value,format_text) ngha: Chuyn s value sang chui theo kiu nh dng format_text.
Format_text l con s c nh dng theo cc kiu trong hp thoi Category. (Vo Format/Cells..., chn kiu d liu l Custom)
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V d v hm TEXT:
A 1 2 Sales 2800

=TEXT(A2, "$0.00") s tr v $2800.00

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3.3.3- Hm v ton hc:

ABS(X)
Gi tr tuyt i ca X
ABS(4) = ABS(-4) = 4 ABS(-4.5) = 4.5

INT(X)
Lm trn xung ti mt s nguyn gn nht vi X
INT(-4.45) = -5 INT( 4.55) = 4

CEILING (X,N) Tr v s nh nht X v chia ht cho N N y c th coi l sai s

CEILING (4.27, 0.1) = 4.3

FLOOR (X,N) Tr v s ln nht X v chia ht cho N

FLOOR (4.27, 0.1) = 4.2

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3.3.3- Hm v ton hc:

ROUND(X,N) Lm trn X N: s ch s sau du thp phn
ROUND(4.27, 1) = 4.3 ROUND(-4.27, 0) = - 4 ROUND(16.27, -1) = 20

TRUNC(X, [N]) Phn nguyn ca X N: s ch s sau du thp phn

TRUNC(-4.45) = TRUNC(-4.45, 0) = - 4 TRUNC(11.276, 2) = 11.27 TRUNC(16.276, -1) = 10
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Mt s hm ton hc v lng gic:

COS(X)
COSIN ca X (radian) LOG10(X)
Logarit c s 10 ca X

ACOS(X)
ARCCOS ca X

LN(X)
Logarit Neper ca X

SIN(X)
SIN ca X

PI()
3.14159

RANDIANS ()
Chuyn t n v sang n v Radian

TAN(X)
TANG ca X

DEGREES(radian)
Chuyn t Radian sang

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Mt s hm ton hc v lng gic:

EXP(X)
eX

SQRT(X)
Cn bc 2 ca X

MOD(X,Y)
X mod Y

RAND()
Tr v s ngu nhin trong khong (0,1)

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Mt s hm ton hc v lng gic:

SUM(X1,X2,)
Tng dy s X1,X2,

SUM(min)
Tng cc s trong min V d:
SUM(A1:A9) SUM(B2..B15)

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Mt s hm ton hc v lng gic:

SUMIF(min kim tra, iu kin, min tng)
Tnh tng cc phn t trong min tng vi iu kin phn t tng ng trong min kim tra tho mn iu kin Min kim tra iu kin Min tnh tng

V d:
B6: S lng cam Dng cng thc:
SUMIF(A1:A5, Cam, B1:B5)
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3.3.4- Mt s hm Logic:
NOT(Logical) AND(Logical1, Logical2,) OR(Logical1, Logical2,) IF(Logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)
Nu iu kin Logical_test ng, tr v gi tr value_if_true Nu iu kin sai, tr v gi tr value_if_false value_if_false c th l mt hm IF khc V d:
IF(B2>5, t yu cu, Khng t) IF(B2>=8, Gii, IF(B2<5,Trt, t yu cu))

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3.3.5- Mt s hm thng k:
AVERAGE(number1, number2,)
Trung bnh cng ca number1, number2, C th thay number1, number2, bi a ch hay tn min
AVERAGE(A1:A5)

MAX(number1, number2,)
Gi tr ln nht trong cc s number1, number2,...

MIN(number1, number2,)
Gi tr nh nht

RANK(number, ref, order)

Cho th hng ca number trong min ref order = 0 hoc khuyt th sp xp theo chiu gim dn, khc 0 th sp xp tng dn.
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V d thng k: tng kt im

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu:

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index, range_lookup)
Tra cu gi tr lookup_value c tm thy ct u tin trong bng table_array , ly v gi tr tng ng ct col_index trong bng table_array.

Kiu tra cu quy nh cch thc tra cu:

0 (false):
So khp Vng tra cu khng cn sp xp

1 (true):
So gn khp (tm gi tr gn nht) Vng tra cu phi c sp xp sn

Ni chung, vng tra cu nn c sp xp trc khi s dng vlookup tra cu.

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu:

HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index, range_lookup)
Tra cu gi tr lookup_value c tm thy hng u tin trong bng table_array , ly v gi tr tng ng hng row_index trong bng table_array.

Kiu tra cu quy nh cch thc tra cu:

0 (false):
So khp Vng tra cu khng cn sp xp

1 (true):
So gn khp (tm gi tr gn nht) Vng tra cu phi c sp xp sn

Ni chung, vng tra cu nn c sp xp trc khi s dng hlookup tra cu.

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu: MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_t ype)

Tr v v tr tng i ca lookup_value trong bng lookup_array. S dng MATCH thay th cho VLOOKUP khi bn cn ly ra v tr ca lookup_value trong bng lookup_array (ch khng cn ly ra gi tr tng ng). V d: Khi bn cn tm s in thoi ca 1 ngi no trong danh b in thoi, bn thng tm tn ca ngi , trong khi s in thoi mi l ci m bn quan tm
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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu: MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_t ype) Lookup_value: c th l con s, chui hoc biu thc lun l hoc 1 no cha 1 trong cc gi tr trn. Lookup_array l 1 dy cc k nhau cha cc gi tr d tm.

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu: MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_t ype) Match_type: cch thc d tm, l 1 trong cc gi tr: -1, 0, hoc 1.
Nu Match_type l 1, MATCH s tm gi tr ln nht <= lookup_value. Lookup_array cn phi c sp xp tng dn: ...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ..., A-Z, FALSE, TRUE. Nu Match_type l 0, MATCH s tm gi tr u tin bng vi lookup_value.

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu: MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_t ype) Match_type: cch thc d tm, l 1 trong cc gi tr: -1, 0, hoc 1.
Nu Match_type l -1, MATCH s tm gi tr nh nht >= lookup_value. Lookup_array cn phi c sp xp gim dn: TRUE, FALSE, Z-A, ...2, 1, 0, -1, -2, ..., Nu Match_type c b qua (khuyt), mc nhin xem l 1.

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V d:
1 2 3 4 5 A Product Bananas Oranges Apples Pears B Count 25 38 40 41

=MATCH(39,B2:B5,1) s tr v 2. V khng tm thy 39, nn cha gi tr 38 (<= 39) s c nhn. V tr tng i ca ny trong dy s B2:B5 l 2.

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V d:
1 2 3 4 5 A Product Bananas Oranges Apples Pears B Count 25 38 40 41

=MATCH(41,B2:B5,0) s tr v 4.

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V d:
1 2 3 4 5 A Product Bananas Oranges Apples Pears B Count 25 38 40 41

=MATCH(40,B2:B5,-1) s tr thng bo li v dy s B2:B5 khng c sp xp gim dn.

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3.3.6- Mt s hm Tm kim v tham chiu:

Dng 1: INDEX(array,row_num,column_num) Tr v phn t tng ng ti v tr giao nhau gia dng row_num v ct column_num trong bng d tm array.
Array l 1 dy cc hoc 1 dy cc hng s. Nu array ch cha dng hoc ct, ct hoc dng tng ng b b qua s khng bt buc. Nu array c hn 1 dng hoc hn 1 ct, v ch row_num hoc column_num c s dng, INDEX s tr v 1 dy ca dng hoc ct hin hnh. Nu row_num b b qua, column_num bt buc phi c. Nu column_num b b qua, row_num is bt buc phi c.
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V d:
A 1 2 3 Data B Data

Apples Bananas

Lemons Pears

=INDEX(A2:B3,2,2) s tr v Pears (Giao nhau gia dng 2 v ct 2) =INDEX(A2:B3,2,1) s tr v Bananas (Giao nhau gia dng 2 v ct 1) =INDEX({1,2;3,4},0,2) s tr v 2 (Gi tr trong dng u tin v ct 2)
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4- BIU DIN TH (GRAPH) TRONG EXCEL:

Khi nim v th. Chn th vo bng tnh. Cc thnh phn ca th. Tc ng ln th c. Thm d liu v ng hi quy vo th.

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4.1. Khi nim th:

th (graph) c s dng din t s phn b ca cc i lng di dng hnh nh.
V d: th nng sut la theo nm cho ta hnh nh v s thay i ca nng sut theo nm.

th ct bao gm mt trc nh du cc mc v cc ct biu din gi tr ti cc mc ca cc i lng.

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4.2. To th mi trong Excel:

Chn vng d liu cn v th. Kch chut vo menu Insert, chn Chart. Hp thoi Chart Wizard s xut hin.

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Bc 1 - Chn kiu th
Chart Type (kiu th):
Column: dng ct dc. Bar: dng thanh ngang. Line: dng ng. Pie: bnh trn. XY: ng, trc X l s. Area: dng vng. Doughtnut: bng trn. Radar: To cc. Surface: dng b mt. Bubble: dng bong bng. Stock: 3 dy (cao, thp, khp).
Cc kiu chun Cc kiu tu bin

Chart sub-type: kiu c th ca kiu chn.

3-D Column: Ct 3 chiu.
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Xem tn & li gii thch ca kiu th

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Bc 2 Xc nh d liu
Data Range

Min d liu v th

Cc i lng c b tr theo: Hng (Rows) Ct (Columns)

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Bc 2 Xc nh d liu
Series

Cc i lng (series)

Tn (name) ca i lng Min d liu ca i lng Thm (add), b bt (remove) i lng c la chn Nhn ca trc X
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Bc 3 - Mt s thuc tnh khc

Titles cc thuc tnh tiu Chart title tiu th Category (X) axis tiu trc X

Value (Y) axis tiu trc Y

Cc kiu th khc nhau c th c cc thuc tnh khc nhau

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Cc trc to
Hin trc X -Vch chia t ng -Vch chia mc nh -Vch chia dng thi gian

Hin trc Y

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Li k - gridelines
Li k trc X: Major gridlines - li chnh Minor gridelines - li ph

Li k trc Y: Major gridlines - li chnh Minor gridelines - li ph

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Ch gii - Legend

Show legend - hin th ch gii V tr hin th (bottom pha di, top pha trn, )

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Nhn d liu Data labels

Series name - hin tn nhn d liu Category name - hin gi tr trn trc mc ln th Value - Hin gi tr ln th

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Bng d liu trn th

Show data table - Hin th bng d liu km th Show legend keys - Hin th k hiu (hnh nh) ch gii

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Bc 4 chn v tr t th
t th ti mt trang tnh mi c tn l chart1

t th ti trang tnh c tn l sheet1 Kch chut vo nt Finish hon tt qu trnh chn th vo trang tnh

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4.3. Hiu chnh th:

Kch chut phi vo khng gian trng trn th: (hoc chn menu Chart) -Format Chart Area: nh dng -Chart Type: Chn li kiu th -Source Data: Chn li d liu -Chart Options: Cc thuc tnh khc -Add Data: Thm d liu -Add Trendline C th kch chut phi vo tng i tng ca th hin menu con tc ng ln ring i tng
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nh dng Chart area (ch, mu,)

Mu v mu t

Phng ch

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4.4. Thm d liu v ng hi quy vo th.

Kch chut vo menu Chart.
Add Data: Thm d liu (nhp vng d liu cn thm). Add Trendline: Thm ng hi quy.
Chn kiu ng hi quy. Chn series

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5- QUN TR D LIU: Khi nim c bn. To C s D liu trong Excel. Thao tc tm kim, rt trch v xa. Cc dng vng tiu chun. Sp xp d liu. Lc d liu

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5.1. Khi nim c bn:

C s D liu (Database): L tp hp cc d liu c sp xp trn 1 vng ch nht (gm t nht 2 hng) ca bng tnh theo quy nh sau: Hng u tin ghi cc tiu ca d liu, mi tiu trn 1 ct. Cc tiu ny c gi l trng (field). Hng th hai tr i cha d liu, mi hng l 1 mu tin (record).

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5.1. Khi nim c bn (tt):

C s D liu (Database): Ch :
Tn cc trng phi l dng k t, khng c dng s, cng thc, ta ... Nn t tn ngn gn, khng trng lp Khng c min rng trong C s D liu.

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5.2. Sp xp d liu:
Chn min C s D liu Vo Data Sort Ct u tin nht trong iu kin sp xp Ct u tin th 2 Ct u tin th 3
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5.2. Sp xp d liu (tt):

Ascending: Sp xp tng dn Desceding: Sp xp gim dn Header row: Min d liu cha tiu No header row: Min d liu khng cha tiu
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5.2. Sp xp d liu (tt):

Phn bit ch hoa vi ch thng

Sort top to bottom: Sp xp cc dng Sort left to right: Sp xp cc ct

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5.3. Lc d liu:
Lc t ng (AutoFilter): Chn min d liu cn lc (k c hng tiu ) V Data Filter AutoFilter Excel t ng chn mi tn vo bn phi cc tn trng.

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt):

Lc t ng (AutoFilter): Chn ti ct cha d liu dng lm tiu chun lc.

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt):

Lc t ng (AutoFilter): Chn 1 trong cc mc:
[All] [Blanks] [NonBlanks] [Custome...] Hin ton b cc mu tin Ch hin cc mu tin trng Ch hin cc mu tin khng trng Dng cc ton t so snh

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt):

Lc nng cao (Advanced Filter...): Cc bc chun b:
Vng d liu (database): cha ton b d liu cn x l, k c dng tiu . Vng tiu chun (criteria): l vng bt k trn bng tnh ngoi vng d liu, cha cc tiu chun m cc mu tin trong vng d liu phi tha mn. Gm ti thiu 2 hng:

Min tiu chun so snh trc tip:

Cho php a vo cc tiu chun so snh d liu trong 1 trng vi 1 gi tr no .

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): Hng u tin:

Cha tiu ca vng tiu chun, cc tiu ny l tn trng hoc l tn bt k ph thuc vo phng php thit lp tiu chun trc tip hay gin tip.

Hng th 2 tr i:
L tiu chun so snh ca C s D liu. Tiu chun c th l: hng (chui, s), biu thc (>, <, >=, <=)

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): Cc tiu chun t trn cng hng c th hin ng thi (iu kin and (v)) Cc tiu chun t trn cng ct c thc hin khng ng thi (iu kin or (hoc))

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): V d:

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): V d (tt):

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): V d (tt):

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): Min tiu chun so snh gin tip:

Cho php a vo cc tiu chun so snh d liu hoc mt phn d liu trong 1 trng vi 1 gi tr no . Quy tc to min nh sau:
Hng u ghi tiu cho cc tiu chun. Tiu ny c th t bt k nhng khng c trng vi tn trng no. T hng th 2 tr i ghi cc tiu chun so snh, mi tiu chun l 1 cng thc. Cng thc ny phi cha a ch ca mu tin u tin. Kt qu thc hin cng thc ny l 1 gi tr Logic (True hoc False)

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5.3. Lc d liu (tt): V d:

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