Cong Thuc Vat Ly 10

Cng thc lp 10
1/15
CNG THC VT L LP 10 Ch : - Ti liu ny khng bao gm tt c cc cng thc vt l c s dng trong chng trnh lp 10, m ch mc thng k li mc y nht c th. - Cc cng thc ny c son theo chng trnh Vt l lp 10 Nng cao. Nhng cng thc no chng trnh Chun khng dng hoc t dng s c ghi ch bng k hiu - Mi thc mc, ng gp vui lng gi v a ch http:// gocriengtrenban.wordpress.com
http://gocriengtrenban.wordpress.com
Cng thc lp 10
2/15
CHNG: NG HC CHT IM
STT A 1 NI DUNG GHI CH
Cc khi nim c bn:

Ta :
x = OM
2 Khong cch:
d = x2 x1
3 Qung ng:
Chuyn ng 1 chiu
s = x x0
Vn tc trung bnh:
v=
5 Gia tc:
s s1 + s2 = t t1 + t 2
a=
B 6
v v0 t
Bt u t y, cc cng thc u ly t0 = 0. Nu t0 0, thay t bng (t - t0) Chiu ca v l chiu chuyn ng. Du ca v ph thuc vo chiu dng chn.
Chuyn ng thng u:
Phng trnh chuyn ng:
x = vt + x0
Khi 2 xe gp nhau:
x1 = x2
Nhanh dn u: a, v cng du. Chm dn u: a, v trnh du.
C 8
Chuyn ng thng bin i u:

Phng trnh chuyn ng:
x=
1 2 at + vt + x0 2
Cng thc lp 10
3/15
STT 9
NI DUNG Phng trnh vn tc:
GHI CH
Thc cht l cng thc tnh vn tc tc thi.
v = at + v0
10
Cng thc c lp vi thi gian:

2 v 2 v0 = 2as
Khi khng c thi gian th nh n cng thc ny.
11
Vn tc trung bnh:
v=
D 12
v + v0 2
Ch p dng cho chuyn ng thng bin i u.
S ri t do:
Ta ri t do:
1 2 y = gt + v0t 2
13 Qung ng ri t do sau t giy u tin:
Chn gc ta ti v tr th, chiu dng hng xung.
s=
14
1 2 gt 2
Cho vt th ri khng vn tc u.
Qung ng vt ri trong 1 giy cui:
s= h st 1
vcd = 2gh
t: thi gian vt ri chm t. st-1: qung ng vt ri trong gian (t - 1). Cho vt th ri khng vn tc u. Nu c vn tc u th p dng cng thc khng ph thuc vo thi gian.
15
Vn tc chm t:
16 17
Thi gian chm t: Thay y = h vo phng trnh ta cao cc i:

2 v0 = +h 2g
Chn gc ta ti mt t, chiu dng hng ln. h: cao nm vt.
hmax
E
Chuyn ng trong h quy chiu qun tnh (chuyn ng tng i)

Cng thc lp 10
4/15
STT 18
NI DUNG Cng thc Galilei:
GHI CH
Cng thc vn tc tng i.
v13 = v12 + v23
F 19
Chuyn ng trn u:
Lin h gia n v di v n v gc:
= S/R = V/R
n v di: m n v gc: rad rad = 1800 n v rad ca mt gc c gi tr bng di cung trn c bn knh R = 1 m b chn bi gc . Ch c trong chuyn ng cong.
20
Gia tc hng tm:
v2 aht = = R 2 R
21 Lc hng tm:
v2 Fht = m R
22 Chu k:
Ch c trong chuyn ng cong.
T=
23 Tn s:
2 R 2 = v 1 f = T
24
@ Chuyn ng trn bin i u:
a = aht + att
2 vect gia tc vung gc vi nhau. att: gia tc tip tuyn. Qu o hnh xon c ch khng cn trn na.
Cng thc lp 10
5/15
CHNG: NG LC HC CHT IM
Tng hp, phn tch lc:

Phn tch lc:
Fx = F cos Fy = F sin
: gc hp gia lc F v phng Ox.
Tng hp lc khng cng phng (nh l hm cos)
: gc hp gia F1 v F2
F 2 = F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cos

B 3
3 nh lut Newton:
nh lut 2 Newton:
F a = hl m Fhl = ma
nh lut 3 Newton:
F12 = F21 P = mg
C 5
Cc loi lc:
Trng lc:
Lc hp dn:
Fhd = G
7 Lc hp dn ca tri t:
m1m2 r2
G: Hng s hp dn (6,67.10-11 Nm2/kg2)
Fhd = G
mM (R + h)2
M: Khi lng tri t R: Bn knh tri t m: khi lng ca vt h: cao ca vt. Ch : Nu vt nm trong h th khng dng cng thc ny.
Cng thc lp 10
6/15
STT 8
NI DUNG Lc n hi ca l xo:
GHI CH
k: cng ca l xo (N/m)
Fdh = kl
: h s ma st (khng c n v) H s ma st ny ty thuc vo chuyn ng trt hay ln. Ch xut hin trong chuyn ng trn.
Lc ma st:
Fms = N
10
Lc hng tm:
v2 Fht = m = m 2 R R
11 Lc qun tnh:
Fqt = ma
Ch xut hin trong h quy chiu phi qun tnh.
D 12
Cc cng thc khc:

Gia tc trng trng:
g=
13
GM (R + h)2
Qu o ng parabol, nh v tr nm.
Pt chuyn ng nm ngang:
y=
14
g 2 x +h 2 2v0
@ Pt chuyn ng nm xin:
y=
15 Tm xa:
g x 2 + (tan )x 2 2v0 cos

2 v0 sin 2 L= g
Chuyn ng nm ngang cho y=0
Cng thc lp 10
7/15
STT 16 @ Tm cao:
NI DUNG
2 v0 sin 2 H= 2g
GHI CH
Chuyn ng nm ngang khng c tm cao
17
cao cc i:
hmax
18
2 v0 = +h 2g
Chn gc ta ti mt t, chiu dng hng ln. h: cao nm vt.
@ Vn tc chuyn ng nm xin:
2 v 2 = v 2 + vy x
v x : vn tc theo phng ngang (khng i) vy: vn tc theo phng thng ng (ri t do)
19
@ H vt: Dy khng co gin
T1 = T2 = T a1 = a2 = a
Cng thc lp 10
8/15
TNH HC VT RN
Mmen lc
nh ngha:
d: cnh tay n ca lc
M F /O = F.d
Quy tc momen lc:
M dongho = M nguocdongho
Mmen ngy lc:
M = 2F.d
B 4
Quy tc hp lc song song:

Song song cng chiu:
F = F1 + F2 F1 d2 = (chia trong) F1d1 = F2 d2 F2 d1
Song song ngc chiu:
F = F1 F2 F1 d2 = (chia ngoai) F1d1 = F2 d2 F2 d1
Cng thc lp 10
9/15
CC NH LUT BO TON
ng lng:
Cng thc ng lng
p = mv
Chn chiu dng v chiu.
nh lut bo ton ng lng:
p = p ' m1v1 + m2 v2 = m1v '1 + m2 v '2
Xung lng:
Ft = p
Ch chn chiu dng v chiu.
B 4
Nng lng:
Cng:
A = F.s.cos
P= A t
Ch p dng cho trng hp lc khng i v qu o thng.
Cng sut trung bnh:
@ Cng sut tc thi:
P = Fv = F.v.cos
Wd = 1 2 mv 2
Cng ca ngoi lc F.
ng nng:
Lin h gia ng nng v cng:
Wd = Wd 2 Wd1 = AF
Ch chn gc th nng.
Th nng trng trng:
Wt = mgz
10
Lin h gia th nng trng trng v cng:
Wt = Wt1 Wt 2 = Ap
Cng thc lp 10
10/15
STT 11
NI DUNG Cng ca trng lc (ri)
GHI CH
Khi vt i ln th thm du tr -
AP = mgh
12
Th nng n hi:
1 2 Wt = kx 2
13 Lin h gia th nng n hi v cng:
Chn gc th nng v tr t nhin (khng co gin)
Wt = Wt1 Wt 2 = AFdh
14
C nng:
W = Wt + Wd
C nng ch bo ton khi khng c ngoi lc khng th.
15
nh lut bo ton c nng:
Wd1 + Wt1 = Wd 2 + Wt 2
h= h0 n +1
Aci Atp
16
cao ng nng bng n ln th nng:
Nu th nng bng m ln ng nng th thay n = 1/m Ch p dng khi lm bi trc nghim hoc kim tra kt qu.
17
Hiu sut:
Aci: Cng c ch Atp: Cng ton phn
H=
C 18
Va chm:
Va chm mm:
v' =
19
m1v1 + m2 v2 m1 + m2
ng lng c bo ton. Cc i lng u tnh theo gi tr i s.
@ Va chm n hi:
v'1 =
(m1 m2 )v1 + 2m2 v2 m1 + m2
ng lng v c nng c bo ton. Cc i lng u tnh theo gi tr i s.
Cng thc lp 10
11/15
@ C HC CHT LU
p sut
nh ngha p sut
p=
2
F S
F: p lc (N) S: din tch (m2)
iu kin cn bng p sut:
pA = pB
pA v pB l p sut theo 2 chiu ngc nhau.
p sut ca ct cht lng:
: khi lng ring (kg/m3)
p = gh
p0: p sut kh quyn (Pa)
p sut tnh:
p = gh + p0
p sut ng:
p=
B 4
1 2 v 2
p sut truyn i nguyn vn trong lng cht lng: d: on dch chuyn ca din tch
Cc nh lut:
Nguyn l Pascal:
F1 S1 d1 = = F2 S2 d2
5 nh lut Bernoulli
1 2 v + gh = const 2
Cng thc lp 10
12/15
CHT KH
Cc qu trnh bin i cht kh:

Qu trnh ng nhit:
nh lut Boyle-Mariotte
p1V1 = p2V2
nh lut Charles
Qu trnh ng tch:
p1 p2 = T1 T2
3 Qu trnh ng p:
nh lut Gay-Lussac
V1 V2 = T1 T2
4 Phng trnh trng thi kh l tng:
p1V1 p2V2 = T1 T2
5 @ Phng trnh Claperon - Mendeleev:
pV = nRT
n: s mol R: hng s Nu p tnh bng atm, V tnh bng lt th R = 22,4/273
B 6
Nng lng trong cc qu trnh:

Nguyn l 1:
Q = U + A
Quy c: Q > 0: nhn nhit Q < 0: ta nhit A > 0: nhn cng A < 0: sinh cng Bnh xilanh.
Qu trnh ng p:
A = pV
Qu trnh ng tch:
A=0
C: nhit dung ring ca cht (J/kg.K)
Qu trnh truyn nhit:
Q = mC(T1 T2 )
Cng thc lp 10
13/15
STT 10
NI DUNG Qu trnh ng nhit:
GHI CH
U = 0
: nhit ha hi (nhit ha lng) (J/kg)
11
Qu trnh chuyn pha:
Q = m
12
Hiu sut ng c nhit:
H=
13
Q1 Q2 Q1 T1 T2 T1
Hiu sut cao nht ca ng c nhit
Hiu sut ng c nhit l tng:
H=
Cng thc lp 10
14/15
CHT RN
Bin dng c
bin dng t i:
=
2 Sut n hi:
l l0
n v: Pa
F = S
3 Lc n hi tng qut:
E: sut Young (Pa)
F = ES
H s n hi:
l l0
Cn gi l cng ca l xo (N/m)
k=
B 6
ES l0
Bin dng nhit

S n di:
: h s n di (K-1)
l = l0 (1 + t)
: h s n khi (K-1)
S n khi:
V = V0 (1 + t)
Cng thc lp 10
15/15
CHT LNG
Hin tng cng b mt:

Lc cng b mt tng qut:
: sut cng b mt (N/m)
F = l
l: chiu di thanh trt
Lc cng b mt dc b mt khung dy:
F = 2 l F = l
Lc cng b mt khi khung dy nhc ln:
l: chu vi khung dy
B 4
Cc cng thc tnh chu vi:

Chu vi hnh ch nht:
a, b: chiu di v rng
l = (a + b).2
Chu vi hnh trn:
l = 2 R
Chu vi hnh xuyn:
l = 2 (R1 + R2 )

Cong Thuc Vat Ly 10

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cong Thuc Vat Ly 10

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cng thc lp 10

Cc khi nim c bn:

Chuyn ng thng bin i u:

NI DUNG Phng trnh vn tc:

Cng thc c lp vi thi gian:

Khi khng c thi gian th nh n cng thc ny.

Ch p dng cho chuyn ng thng bin i u.

Chn gc ta ti v tr th, chiu dng hng xung.

Qung ng vt ri trong 1 giy cui:

Thi gian chm t: Thay y = h vo phng trnh ta cao cc i:

Chuyn ng trong h quy chiu qun tnh (chuyn ng tng i)

NI DUNG Cng thc Galilei:

v13 = v12 + v23

Gia tc hng tm:

Ch c trong chuyn ng cong.

@ Chuyn ng trn bin i u:

Tng hp, phn tch lc:

: gc hp gia lc F v phng Ox.

Tng hp lc khng cng phng (nh l hm cos)

F 2 = F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cos

G: Hng s hp dn (6,67.10-11 Nm2/kg2)

Ch xut hin trong h quy chiu phi qun tnh.

Cc cng thc khc:

g x 2 + (tan )x 2 2v0 cos

Chn gc ta ti mt t, chiu dng hng ln. h: cao nm vt.

@ H vt: Dy khng co gin

Quy tc momen lc:

Mmen ngy lc:

Quy tc hp lc song song:

F = F1 + F2 F1 d2 = (chia trong) F1d1 = F2 d2 F2 d1

Song song ngc chiu:

F = F1 F2 F1 d2 = (chia ngoai) F1d1 = F2 d2 F2 d1

nh lut bo ton ng lng:

p = p ' m1v1 + m2 v2 = m1v '1 + m2 v '2

Ch chn chiu dng v chiu.

Ch p dng cho trng hp lc khng i v qu o thng.

Cng sut trung bnh:

@ Cng sut tc thi:

Lin h gia ng nng v cng:

Th nng trng trng:

Lin h gia th nng trng trng v cng:

NI DUNG Cng ca trng lc (ri)

Chn gc th nng v tr t nhin (khng co gin)

nh lut bo ton c nng:

cao ng nng bng n ln th nng:

Aci: Cng c ch Atp: Cng ton phn

ng lng c bo ton. Cc i lng u tnh theo gi tr i s.

(m1 m2 )v1 + 2m2 v2 m1 + m2

ng lng v c nng c bo ton. Cc i lng u tnh theo gi tr i s.

F: p lc (N) S: din tch (m2)

iu kin cn bng p sut:

pA v pB l p sut theo 2 chiu ngc nhau.

p sut ca ct cht lng:

: khi lng ring (kg/m3)

Cc qu trnh bin i cht kh:

n: s mol R: hng s Nu p tnh bng atm, V tnh bng lt th R = 22,4/273

Nng lng trong cc qu trnh:

Qu trnh truyn nhit:

NI DUNG Qu trnh ng nhit:

Qu trnh chuyn pha:

Hiu sut ng c nhit:

Hiu sut ng c nhit l tng:

Bin dng nhit

Hin tng cng b mt: