DTM CC PP

CNG TY C PHN U T KINH DOANH NH INTRESCO
BO CO NH GI
TC NG MI TRNG
D N U T XY DNG
CHUNG C CAO CP PHONG PH KHU B
TI X PHONG PH HUYN BNH CHNH TP.HCM
( chnh sa theo kin ng gp ca Hi ng Thm nh Bo co nh Gi Tc
ng Mi trng ngy 20.03.2008 thuc S Ti nguyn Mi trng TP.HCM)
TP.HCM, THNG 03/2008

Trang
CNG TY C PHN U T KINH DOANH NH INTRESCO
BO CO NH GI
TC NG MI TRNG
D N U T XY DNG CHUNG C CAO CP
PHONG PH KHU B
Ti x Phong Ph huyn Bnh Chnh TP.HCM
CH U T
CNG TY C PHN U T KINH
DOANH NH INTRESCO
P.Gim c
N V T VN
CNG TY TNHH MI TRNG
TM NHN XANH (GREE)
Gim c
Trng Minh Thun
Nguyn Tun Anh
Trang
S Ti nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM xc nhn Bo co nh gi tc

ng mi trng ca D n u t Xy dng chung c cao cp Phong
Ph Khu B do Cng ty CP. u t Kinh doanh nh Intresco lm ch
u t c ph duyt ti quyt nh s ../Q-TNMT-QLMT ngy
ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM.
Tp.H Ch Minh, ngy.thng ..nm 2008
KT.GIM C
P.GIM C
Nguyn Vn Phc
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MC LC
M U...................................................................................................................10
CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N...............................................................13
I. TN D N: ........................................................................................................13
II. CH U T......................................................................................................13
III. A IM THC HIN D N.......................................................................13
1. V tr a l ca d n............................................................................................13
2. Hin trng c s h tng ca d n........................................................................13
IV. NI DUNG THC HIN D N.....................................................................14
1. Gii php kin trc ca d n................................................................................14
1.1. Gii php chung:..........................................................................................14
1.2. Cng nng phn b theo cc tng:...............................................................15
1.3. C cu cn h:.............................................................................................16
2. Gii php kt cu ca d n...................................................................................17
3. Quy hoch h thng h tng k thut d n...........................................................18
3.1. Quy hoch gii phng mt bng..................................................................18
3.2. Cng tc san nn..........................................................................................18
3.3. H thng giao thng....................................................................................18
3.4. H thng cp in........................................................................................19
3.5. H thng cp nc ......................................................................................19
3.6. H thng thot nc ma............................................................................20
3.7. H thng thu gom v x l nc thi .........................................................20
3.8. Thu gom v x l cht thi rn....................................................................21
4. Chi ph u t d n...............................................................................................21
4.1. Ngun vn u t........................................................................................21
4.2. T chc qun l d n ................................................................................21
5. Cc li ch kinh t - x hi ca d n.....................................................................22
CHNG 2. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG & KINH T - X HI....23
I. IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG ......................................................23
1. a hnh - a mo.................................................................................................23
2. iu kin a cht cng trnh a cht thy vn..................................................23
3. a cht thy vn:..................................................................................................23
4. Kh hu .................................................................................................................24
5. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khu vc d n..................................................25
5.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh...............................................25
5.2. Hin trng cht lng mi trng nc ngm.............................................26
5.3. Hin trng cht lng mi trng nc mt (c diu: c im sng m voi,
cch thc ly mu)..............................................................................................27
II. IU KIN KINH T X HI...........................................................................28
CHNG 3. NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG.................................30
I. D BO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI
CNG XY DNG..................................................................................................30
1. Cc ngun gy nhim..........................................................................................30
1.1. Bi...............................................................................................................30
1.2. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn .....................................................31
Trang
1.3. Ting n.......................................................................................................32

1.4. Nc thi ....................................................................................................34
1.5. Rc xy dng v rc thi sinh hot..............................................................35
1.6. Vn an ton lao ng..............................................................................35
2. Cc tc ng khc..................................................................................................36
2.1. Tc ng n cc cng trnh kin trc trong khu vc..................................36
2.2. Tc ng n mi trng t.......................................................................36
2.3. Tc ng n ti nguyn sinh vt................................................................36
2.4. Tc ng n tnh hnh trt t an ninh khu vc...........................................37
2.5. Tc ng giao thng chung quanh...............................................................37
II. D BO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON D
N I VO HOT NG......................................................................................37
1. Cc ngun gy nhim..........................................................................................37
1.1. Ngun gy nhim nc ............................................................................37
1.2. Cht thi rn ...............................................................................................39
1.3. Ngun gy nhim mi trng khng kh..................................................41
1.4. nhim ting n.........................................................................................43
1.4.1.T qu trnh sinh hot................................................................................43
1.5. Kh nng gy chy n.................................................................................43
2. Cc tc ng n mi trng v x hi..................................................................44
2.1. Tc ng n mi trng t nc thi.........................................................44
2.2. Tc ng n mi trng t cht thi rn ...................................................45
2.3. Tc ng n mi trng t cht thi nguy hi .........................................45
2.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ting n...........................................................45
III. D BO NH GI TC NG N KINH T X HI CA D N.....45
1.Tc ng tch cc....................................................................................................45
2.Tc ng tiu cc....................................................................................................46
CHNG 4. BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V
NG PH S C MI TRNG..........................................................................47
I. KHNG CH NHIM MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG XY
DNG ......................................................................................................................47
1. Ting n.................................................................................................................47
2. nhim khng kh ...............................................................................................47
3. nhim mi trng nc......................................................................................48
4. Cht thi rn ..........................................................................................................48
5. nhim mi trng t.........................................................................................48
II. KHNG CH NHIM KHI D N I VO HOT NG ........................48
1. Khng ch nhim nc ......................................................................................48
1.1.Nc ma.....................................................................................................48
1.2.Nc thi sinh hot: bao gm 2 h thng.....................................................49
2. Phng n thu gom v x l cht thi rn .............................................................55
2.1. Bin php qun l v thu gom rc sinh hot t cc h gia nh...................55
2.2. Bn thi t b t hoi v h thng x l nc thi......................................56
3. Phng n x l cht thi nguy hi .......................................................................56
4. Phng n gim thiu nhim khng kh .............................................................56
4.1. Bin php quy hoch ..................................................................................56
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4.2. Bin php qun l........................................................................................56

4.3. Khng ch nhim kh thi t my pht in d phng ............................57
4.4. Khng ch nhim kh thi v mi t bp nu n.......................................58
4.5. nhim ting n.........................................................................................58
4.6. nhim mi................................................................................................58
5. Phng chy cha chy ..........................................................................................59
6. H thng chng st................................................................................................60
7. Trng cy xanh trong khun vin khu nh ..........................................................60
8. Mt s bin php h tr ........................................................................................60
III. TRCH NHIM GIM ST CHT LNG MI TRNG KHI D N
NGHIM THU .........................................................................................................61
1. Trch nhim ca ch u t: .................................................................................61
2. Trch nhim ca ban qun l chung c:.................................................................61
CHNG 5. CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG......62
CHNG 6. CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH
QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG............................................................63
I.CNG TRNH X L NC THI....................................................................63
II. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG ........................66
A. Giam sat trong qua trnh xay dng........................................................66
1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh ...........................................................66
2. Gim st cht lng nc thi ..............................................................................67
3. Gim st cht lng nc ngm............................................................................67
4. Gim st cht lng mi trng nc mt.............................................................67
5. Cc yu t khc......................................................................................................67
6. Chi ph gim st cht lng mi trng.................................................................67
7. Cc bin php h tr..............................................................................................68
CHNG 7. D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG...69
I. PHN XY DNG...............................................................................................69
II. PHN THIT B.................................................................................................69
CHNG 8. THAM VN KIN CNG NG.................................................72
I. KIN CA Y BAN NHN DN CP XA....................................................72
II. KIN CA Y BAN MT TRN T QUC CP XA.................................72
CHNG 9. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG PHP
NH GI...............................................................................................................73
I. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU...........................................................73
II. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM.................................73
III. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI. 73
KT LUN V KIN NGH...................................................................................75
1. Kt lun.................................................................................................................75
1.1 V mt php l..............................................................................................75
1.2 V mt hiu qu kinh t x hi.....................................................................75
2. Kin ngh ..............................................................................................................75
PHN PH LC......................................................................................................76
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DANH MC CC BNG BIU

Bang 1: Bang quy hoch Chung c cao cp Phong Ph Khu B...........................................15
Bang 2: Bang din tch xe theo tiu chun TCXDVN 323:2004........................................16
Bang 3: Bang quy hoch Chung c t tng 3 n tng 22.......................................................14
Bng 4: Bang quy hoch Chung c t tng 14 n tng 15........................................14

Bng 5: Bang quy hoch Chung c tng thng.........................................................15
Bng 6: Bng tng nhu cu nc................................................................................18
Bng 7: Bng tng hp chi ph u t d n...............................................................20
Bng 8: Kt qu o c cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n...............................24
Bng 9: Kt qu o c cht lng mi trng nc ngm ......................................25
Bng 10: Kt qu o c cht lng mi trng nc mt .......................................26
Bng 11: Thnh phn cc cht trong khi thi t.....................................................30
Bng 12: H s nhim ca xe hi (kg/1.000 lt xng)..............................................30
Bng 13: Mc n sinh ra t hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng.................................31
Bng 14: Thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi sinh hot (cha qua b t hoi).............32
Bng 15: Thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi sinh hot (sau khi qua b t hoi).........37
Bng 16: Thnh phn kh c hi trong khi thi ca ng c t.............................37
Bng 17: H s nhim my pht in s dng du DO............................................40
Bng 18: Ti lng nhim ca my pht in..........................................................41
Bng 19: Ti lng cc cht nhim nc thi sinh hot theo u ngi ................43
Bng 20 : Bc chu la ca chung c bc 1................................................................59
Bng 21: Cc thng s la chn thit k tnh ton h thng x l nc thi..............62
Bng 22: Thng s k thut ca my mc thit b.....................................................64
Bng 23: Bng khi ton kinh ph phn xy dng......................................................68
Bng 23: Bng khi ton kinh ph phn thit b..........................................................68
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DANH MC HNH
Hnh 1: S cu to b t hoi 3 ngn....................................................................49
Hnh 2: S cng ngh x l nc thi cng sut 948m3/ngy................................52
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DANH MC CC THUT NG VIT TT

B KHCN&MT
: B Khoa Hc Cng Ngh V Mi Trng
BTNNT
: B Ti Nguyn Mi Trng
BTCT
: B tng ct thp
BOD
: Nhu cu oxy sinh ha
COD
: Nhu cu oxy ha hc
DO
: Oxy ha tan
CTR
: Cht thi rn
CTNH
: Cht thi nguy hi
TM
: nh gi tc ng mi trng
EC
: dn in
GPS
: H thng nh v ton cu
PCCC
: Phng chy cha chy
KCN
: Khu cng nghip
KT
: Khu th
KCC
: Khu chung c
N-CP
: Ngh nh Chnh Ph
Q-UB
: Quyt nh y Ban
TBVTV
: Thuc bo v thc vt
TCVN
: Tiu Chun Vit Nam
TCXD
: Tiu Chun Xy dng
TT-BTNMT
: Thng t B Ti Nguyn Mi Trng
TM&DV
: Thng Mi v Dch v
UBND
: y ban Nhn dn
GREE
: Cng ty Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh
Trang
M U
Xut x d n
Thnh ph H Ch Minh c tng din tch t t nhin trn 2.000Km2, hin nay c
gn 1 triu ngi nh vi din tch khong 41triu m2, nhng nhu cu v ch n nh
vn ang l nhu cu cp thit i vi nhiu ngi dn thnh ph.Tnh trng ch tc
giao thng, nh lp xp trn knh rch, nn nhim mi trng tr thnh nhng
vn nan gii i vi i sng th. y l nhng nguyn nhn khin thnh ph
gp nhiu kh khn, phc tp trong vic qun l, iu hnh v pht trin th, nh
hng n trt t an ton x hi, n i sng sinh hot ca ngi dn.
Huyn Bnh Chnh l mt huyn ngoi thnh Thnh ph H Ch Minh, vi li th
l qu t di do. V th, ni y trong tng lai s l hng pht trin ca Thnh
ph H Ch Minh trong vic gin dn t ni thnh, ng thi thc y qu trnh th
ho cng nh vic pht trin ng u v ton din Thnh ph. Mt khc, kt hp vi
ch trng gim p lc dn c trong ni thnh, gii quyt nhu cu nh cho nhng
ngi c thu nhp thp v vic b tr ti nh c cho ngi dn. Theo quy hoch
chung, din tch cn thit cho vic pht trin cc khu th mi khong 2.100 Hecta
v cc khu vc hin hu khc khong 900 Hecta, c cu chim khong 11,7% so vi
tng din tch ton huyn.
gp mt phn thc hin ch trng chnh sch ni trn, ng thi gp phn
xy dng mt th hon chnh m bo ng tiu chun v mt k thut cng nh
m thut, Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh nh InTresCo s xy dng Chung c
cao cp Phong Ph khu B ti x Phong Ph huyn Bnh Chnh TP. H Ch Minh
vi din tch: 12.396m2.
D n c U Ban Nhn Dn Thnh Ph H Ch Minh Ban qun l Khu
Nam chp thun v vic ph duyt quy hoch chi tit xy dng theo Quyt nh s
21/Q-BQLKN ngy 29/5/2003 v Quyt nh s 45/Q-BQL ngy 21/05/2007.
Thc hin Lut Bo v Mi trng Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh nh
InTresCo tin hnh lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) cho D n
u t xy dng Khu chung c Phong Ph Khu B ti x Phong Ph huyn Bnh
Chnh TP.H Ch Minh.
Cn c php lut v k thut
Lut Bo v Mi trng Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11 c Quc Hi Nc
CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005.
Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh Ph v vic Quy
nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi trng.
Ngh nh s 81/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh Ph v X pht vi

phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng.
Ngh nh s 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca Chnh Ph v Ph bo v
mi trng i vi nc thi.
Ngh nh s 04/2007/N-CP ngy 08/01/2007 ca Chnh Ph v vic Sa i,
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b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca

Chnh Ph v Ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi.
Ngh nh s 149/2004/N-CP ngy 27/07/2004 ca Chnh Ph v vic Quy
nh vic cp php thm d, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn nc, x nc thi
vo ngun nc.
Ngh nh s 59/2007/N-CP ngy 04/09/2007 ca Chnh ph v qun l cht
thi rn.
Ngh nh s 88/2007/N-CP ngy 28/05/2007 ca Chnh ph v thot nc
th v khu cng nghip.
Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi

trng v vic Hng dn thc hin mt s ni dung v nh gi mi trng
chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng.
trng v vic Hng dn phn loi v quyt nh danh mc c s gy
nhim mi trng cn x l.
trng v vic Hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k,
cp php hnh ngh, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi.
Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti
nguyn v Mi trng v vic Bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi

trng.
Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti

nguyn v Mi trng v vic Ban hnh danh mc cht thi nguy hi.
Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q-BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Y t v
vic Ban hnh 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 05 nguyn tc v 07 thng s
v sinh lao ng.
Quyt inh s 10/1998/Q-TTg ngay 23/01/1998 cua Thu Tng Chinh Phu
v vic ph duyt inh hng quy hoach tng th phat trin thi Vit Nam
n nm 2020.
Quyt inh s 123/1998/Q-TTg ngay 10/07/1998 cua Thu tng Chinh phu
v vic ph duyt iu chinh quy hoach chung thanh ph H Chi Minh n
nm 2020.
Quyt inh s 682/BXD-CSXD ngay 14/12/1996 cua B trng B xy dng
v vic ban hanh Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam.
Quyt inh cua UBND Tp.HCM Ban Qun l Khu Nam s 45/Q-BQL
ngay 21/05/2007 v vic ph duyt quy hoach chi tit xy dng ty l 1/500
Khu dn c 13E th mi Nam thnh ph tai xa Phong Ph, huyn Binh
Chanh (Phn quy hoach ha tng ky thut).
11
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T chc thc hin

Bo co TM cho d n u t xy dng Khu chung c Phong Ph Khu B vi
din tch 12.396m2 ti x Phong Ph huyn Bnh Chnh TP.H Ch Minh do Cng
ty C phn u t Kinh doanh nh Intresco ch tr thc hin vi s t vn ca Cng
ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh (GREE).
Cc thng tin v n v t vn: Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh
(GREE):
i din
: ThS. NGUYN TUN ANH Chc v : Gim c
a ch
: 207/81 Nguyn Vn u, Qun Bnh Thnh, TP.HCM
in thoi : (84.8) 5150181, Fax: 84.8) 8114594

M s thu
: 0303845528
Tham gia thc hin bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n c cc

chuyn gia ca Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh (GREE) sau:
1. ThS. Nguyn Tun Anh
Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;
2. KS. Trnh nh Thao
3. ThS. Nguyn nh c
4. KS. Li Minh Tin
5. KS. Nguyn Th Hoa
6. KS. Nguyn Th Kim Xuyn Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

7. KS. Nguyn Th Bch Thy
Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh.
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CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N
I. TN D N:
CHUNG C CAO CP PHONG PH KHU B
Tn khc: THE MANSION
a im thc hin d n: Ti x Phong Ph huyn Bnh Chnh TP.H Ch Minh.
II. CH U T
Ch u t: CNG TY C PHN U T KINH DOANH NH
INTRESCO
i din: ng TRNG MINH THUN Chc v: Ph tng Gim c.
a ch lin h: 18 Nguyn Bnh Khim, Phng a Kao, Qun 1, Tp. HCM.

T: 08.8230256; Fax: 08.8293764.
III. A IM THC HIN D N

1. V tr a l ca d n
Khu t u t xy dng Chung c Phong Ph Khu B c din tch 12.396m2,
c qui hoch xy dng trn a bn x Phong Ph, huyn Binh Chanh, TP. H Chi
Minh.
Cac mt tip giap cua khu t xy dng d n nh sau:
-
Pha Bc
: Giap vi Khu A d n chung c Phong Ph
Pha Nam : Giap vi ng s 1
Pha ng : Giap ng D1
Pha Ty
: Giap vi Khu C d n chung c Phong Ph, rch M Voi.
2. Hin trng c s h tng ca d n

Hin trng khu t d n:
-
Dn s hin hu l khng c do khu t c gii phng n b hon

chnh.
Mt dn c bng khng.
Hin trng ton b l t trng c san lp.
Hin trng giao thng
Giao thng i ngoi: Tuyn i l Nguyn Vn Linh c l gii theo quy

hoch l 120m cch ranh t l 112.5m v pha Ty Bc.
ng D1 l gii 20m (4m 12m 4m) san lp v tri cp phi dm

tip gip pha ng Bc khu t.
Hin trng san nn:
13
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a hnh khu vc c san nn hon chnh theo quy hoch Khu dn c

Intresco - Phong Ph chy dc theo tuyn ng D1. Cao san nn trung
bnh 2.13m (theo cao chun Hn Du).
Hin trng h thng thot nc mt:

-
Khu vc quy hoch thot nc mt theo tuyn cng thot nc mt 1200

ca d n Khu dn c Intresco - Phong Ph chy dc theo tuyn ng D1.
Hin trng h thng thot nc bn:

-
Khu vc quy hoch thot nc bn theo tuyn cng thot nc bn 300

ca d n Khu dn c Intresco - Phong Ph chy dc theo tuyn ng D1.
Hin trng v sinh mi trng:

-
Khu vc d kin xy dng hin nay cha c dn c v c san lp do

mi trng y khng b nhim.
Hin trng cp nc
-
Khu v quy hoch c u ni vi tuyn cp nc khu vc qua h thng

cp nc 200 ca d n Khu dn c Intresco - Phong Ph chy dc theo
tuyn ng D1 v c u ni vi ng ng cp nc t nh my nc
sng Si Gn v nh my nc Th c.
Hin trng cp in
-
Ngun in ca khu vc quy hoch hin u ni t trm in T2

(2x1200KV) u ni vi mng in chung ca Khu dn c Intresco - Phong
Ph.
Nhn xt:
Khu t u t xy dng Khu chung c cao tng Phong Ph - Khu B ti x

Phong Ph - huyn Bnh Chnh c n b hon chnh v ti nh c cc
h dn trong khu vc d n xong. Hin nay ton b khu t trng, c san
lp, khng c cc cng trnh cng cng, cng trnh nh trong khu vc.
Khu t d n khng c cc di tch lch s vn ha, cc loi ng thc vt qu

him c tr v khng c cc ngun ti nguyn khong sn trong lng t c gi
tr kinh t.
V tr qui hoch d n ph hp vi qui hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca

Khu th Nam Thnh ph - Thnh ph H Chi Minh.
IV. NI DUNG THC HIN D N

1. Gii php kin trc ca d n
1.1. Gii php chung:
Cc cn h chung c cao tng c xy dng theo kiu cn h c lp

khp kn, vi din tch trung bnh t 90,10m2 n 181,30m2, Penhouse
288,44m2 n 298,71m2. Cn h c thit k c nhiu loi din tch khc
14
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nhau, p ng nhng nhu cu khc nhau ca khch hng. Mi cn h c t

hai phng ng tr ln, phng khch, phng n, phng bp, 2WC, v c ban
cng ring.
Tt c cc cn h c b tr c y nh sng v thng gi t nhin,

m bo sinh hot thun tin, tin nghi y , c khng gian sinh ng,
phong ph, c mi trng sng thoi mi trong lnh.
H thng cp, thot nc, h thng in phi m bo sao cho khi phi
sa cha h hng h ny th khng phi thng qua h khc.
Vt liu xy dng v vt liu trang tr ni tht d kin cho cng trnh l

vt liu kh tt, v cc thit b cao cp, m bo cht lng v m thut.
1.2. Cng nng phn b theo cc tng:
a. Tng hm
: 9.328,22 m
Bi gi xe
: 8.329,42 m
Khi k thut, h nc, trm bm
: 998,8 m
b. Tng 1
: 4.334,76 m
Khu thng mi dch v
: 2.388,78 m
: 580,00 m2
Trm y t (c b tr ti Block B4)
Snh, cu thang, hnh lang chung, k thut
: 592,00 m
Din tch cng cng
: 773,98 m
c. Tng din hnh (t tng 2 n tng 21)
: 3.738,48 m
: 934,62 m2
Gm 4 n nguyn, din tch mi n nguyn
Mi tng ca mt n nguyn gm c 8 cn h:
04 cn h loi A
02 cn h loi B
02 cn h loi C
Mi n nguyn c 02 thang my, 01 thang b, 01 thang thot him.
Snh, hnh lang, k thut.

d. Tng 22 n tng 24 : 3.742,88 m
Gm 4 n nguyn, din tch mi n nguyn
Mi tng ca mt n nguyn gm c 08 cn h:
-
04 cn h loi A
02 cn h loi B
02 cn h loi C
01 cn h loi D
15
: 935,72 m2
Trang

e. Tng sn thng ( tng 25): 3.679,16 m
Gm 04 n nguyn, din tch mi n nguyn : 935,72 m2
Mi tng ca 1 n nguyn gm c 02 cn h
01 cn h loi E1
01 cn h loi E2

1.3. C cu cn h:
Cn h c b tr linh hot gia cc loi cn h nh sau:
a. Tng 2 n tng 21 : Khu B gm 04 n nguyn, s cn h 01 tng cho mi
n nguyn gm :
DIN TCH
LOI CN H
S LNG
TNG DT (m)
(m)
Cn h A
90,10
4
360,4
Cn h B
107,23
2
214,46
Cn h loi C
115,58
2
231,16
Din tch tng cng
128,60
Tng cng
8
934,62
b.Tng 22 n tng 24 : Khu B gm 04 n nguyn s cn h mt tng cho mi
n nguyn gm :
LOI CN H
Cn h A
Cn h B
Cn h loi C
Cn h loi D
Din tch cng cng
DIN TCH (m)

90,10
107,23
115,58
181,30
S LNG
2
2
2
1
Tng cng
16
TNG DT (m)
180,2
214,46
231,16
181,3
128,60
935,72
Trang
c. Tng sn thng (tng 25) : Khu B gm 04 n nguyn, s cn h tng sn

thng cho mi n nguyn gm :
LOI CN H
DIN TCH (m)
S LNG
TNG DT (m)
Cn h D1
298,71
1
298,71
Cn h D2
288,44
1
288,44
Din tch tng cng
332,64
Tng cng
2
919,79
d.Tnh ton ch xe ti tng hm:
Din tch xe theo tiu chun TCXDVN 323 : 2004 l :
Khon mc
S cn h
Ch xe t
Ch xe my
Ch xe p
Tng din tch xe cn thit
Tiu chun
732
25 m/4 h
(2 xe x 2,5 m2/xe/h)
0,9 m/xe/h
Din tch
4.575
3.660
658,8
8.235
Din tch xe theo thit k ti tng hm : 8.329,42m2 , cn li s c b tr

bi gi xe ngoi tri.
2. Gii php kt cu ca d n
- Cng trnh chung c Phong Ph Khu B Bnh chnh, TP H Ch Minh l
cng trnh thuc loi cao tng bao gm 1 tng hm, 1 trt + 23 tng lu v sn
thng + 1 mi c phn ra lm tng khu ring bit khu cn h t tng 2 n
tng 24 v tng sn thng, khu dch v t tng 1, tng hm lm khu xe, tng
mi kt hp vi h nc mi khong 320 m3 pha trn.
- Chiu cao thng thy ca nh trung bnh khong 3.0m v bc ct cng trnh
tng i ln t 3.8 n 9.24 m do vic b tr h thng dm sn btng d

ng lc l gii php mang li hiu qu cao nht cho cng trnh. H chu lc chnh
cng trnh l h thng ct, vch kt hp vi sn btng ng sut trc to thnh
h khung cng. c im ca loi kt cu ny l ct gia chu ti trong ng
(chu nn ng tm) v 1 phn ti trng ngang, phn cn li ca ti trng ngang
do vch, li thang my chu.
- Do cng trnh c cao xp x 87 m nn khi xt n ti trng ngang (ch yu l
ti trng gi) th ngoi thnh phn gi tnh ta phi xt ti thnh phn gi ng.
Gii php nn mng:
Theo ti liu bo co a cht cng trnh, khu vc ny c:
- Tng t trn cng l bn st hu c su n 28m.
- K tip l cc tng st v bt, na cng c trng thi do cng, na cng,kt cu
cht va su t 28m n 36m.

17
Trang
- Tip theo l cc tng ct c trng thi cht va su t 36m n 48m.

- Tip theo tng st, na cng cht su t 48m n 60m.
- Cui cng tng ct mn, na cng cht su t 60m n 70m.
Cng trnh ny gm 1 tng hm v 25 tng lu, ti trng xung mng chnh rt

ln.
Nh vy gia c nn cho cng trnh ta dng cc khoan nhi ng knh 800
1000mm gia c nn.
3. Quy hoch h thng h tng k thut d n
3.1. Quy hoch gii phng mt bng
Cng tc n b v gii phng mt bng cho d n c Ch u t kt hp
vi cc cp chnh quyn a phng thc hin hon chnh theo cc qui nh hin hnh
ca Php lut Vit Nam.
Khi nh cao tng c b tr vi mt chnh hng v ng giao thng chnh
ca khu vc to nn mt qun th khng gian kin trc hi ha, hin i nh l im
nhn ca khu vc, vi cc tiu chun thit k tt, m bo an ton giao thng, PCCC
v thng thong t nhin cho cng trnh.
Khi nh cao tng c b tr hnh ch thp, cc mt cn h u tip xc vi mt
ngoi v phi cnh t thm m bn mt, tt c tip gip cc trc giao thng xung
quanh.Ton khu vc to nn mt qun th kin trc hi ha ph hp vi kin trc hin
i, ni tht bn trong thng thong, em li hiu qu cho ngi s dng ni ring v
to nn nt p cho khu vc ni chung.
To ng giao thng ni b bao quanh cng trnh m bo ng giao thng cho
cng trnh cng nh cng tc PCCC.
B tr cc thm xanh v va h rng thong m bo mi trng trong sch cho
cng trnh.
3.2. Cng tc san nn
a hnh khu vc c san nn hon chnh theo quy hoch Khu dn c
Intresco - Phong Ph chy dc theo tuyn ng D1. Cao san nn trung bnh
2.13m (theo cao chun Hn Du).
3.3. H thng giao thng
Giao thng i ngoi: Tuyn i l Nguyn Vn Linh c l gii theo quy
hoch l 120m cch ranh t l 118m v pha Ty Bc.
ng D1 l gii 20m (4m 12m 4m) c san lp v tri cp phi
dm tip gip pha ng khu t.
ng s 1l gii 40m ( 7m 11m - 4m - 7m) c san lp v tri cp

phi dm.
18
Trang
3.4. H thng cp in
Khu vc quy hoch c cp in t trm bin p T2 (2x1200KVA) thuc d
n khu dn c Intresco Phong Ph
H thng cung cp in c t ngm di va h v c h thng chiu sng
ng ph.
Ton b h thng in s c ni t an ton ti t in chnh, ngoi vic m

bo an ton s dng cn c tc dng chng st nh lan truyn.
3.5. H thng cp nc
Tiu chun cp nc
- Nc sinh hot: 250 lt/ngi/ngy m (TCVN 4513 88)
- Nc ti cy: 4 lt/m2 (TCVN 33 85: Tiu chun ti nc)
- Nc cha chy: 5 lt/giy/1 m chy. Nc cha chy c ly t b cha
nc ngm ca khu chung c.

c tnh s lng ngi khi d n i vo hot ng l 2.928 ngi
(4ngi/cn h)
Nhu cu cp nc cho khu chung c:

Qtb = 250 lt/ngi/ngy 2.928 ngi = 732.000 lt/ngy m = 732m3/ngy
Qmax = 732m3/ngy 1,5 1.098 m3/ngy (k=1,5)
Nhu cu cp nc cho khu thng mi: Chim khong 15% khi lng nc
dng trong khu nh
1.098m3/ngy 15% 165 m3/ngy

Nhu cu cp nc cho v sinh, ti cy
Tng din tch vn hoa cy xanh, ng ni b l 1.000m2
4 1.000 = 4000 lt 4 m3/ngy
Bng 6: Tng nhu cu cp nc
i tng
Nhu cu cp nc (m3/ngy)
Khu nh
Khu
Qtb
Qmax
thng mi
732
1.098
165
Cy xanh,
Sn vn
4
2.000 m3/ngy
Tng nhu cu cp nc max

3.5.2. Ngun cung cp nc
19
Trang
Khu quy hoch c u ni vi tuyn ng cp nc chnh D200 chy dc

theo tuyn ng D1 v u ni vo ng cp nc t nh my nc sng
Si Gn v nh my nc Th c.
Nc c cha ti cc b ngm, bm ln bn cha trn mi s dng. B
cha ngm kt hp lm b cha nc cu ho. T bn cha, nc c dn
n cc cn h bng h thng ng dn.
H thng ng bm nc t b ngm ln b cha hay bn s dng ng STK,
ng t bn nc n cc cn h s dng bng ng PVC Bnh Minh.
H thng cung cp nc c xy dng ngm di va h v c h thng
PCCC, cch mt t 0,5m 0,7m v cch mng cng trnh 1,5m. Cch ng
ng k thut khc 1m.
3.6. H thng thot nc ma
Hng thot nc ma c tnh ton ph hp vi hng thot nc chung
ca ton khu. S dng h thng cng trn BTCT v cc h ga t ngm t

chc thot nc ma trit , trnh ngp ng cc b.
H thng thot nc bn xy dng ring bit vi nc ma v c kt ni ra
h thng cng dn t di h ng
Mng li thot nc ma c quy hoch nm di hai bn h ng ca
Khu chung c v ni thng ra rch M Voi v h iu tit.
3.7. H thng thu gom v x l nc thi

c tnh lu lng nc thi bn bng 80% tng lng nc cp khng tnh
lng nc cha chy, nc ti cy.
H thng thu gom nc thi

-
H thng thu gom nc thi c b tr cho ton Khu chung c
Nc thi pht sinh t nh v cc cng trnh cng cng ca khu chung c

s theo ng ng thot nc thi dn v cc b t hoi v sau c dn
vo h thng x l nc thi ca khu chung c x l t tiu chun theo
quy nh v mi trng, ph hp tiu chun Vit Nam trc khi thi ra
ngun tip nhn.
H thng cng thot nc bn c thit k t chy, xy dng ngm di t

v i dc theo cc trc ng chnh trong khu quy hoch.
X l nc thi
-
Nc thi pht sinh t Khu chung c ch yu l nc thi sinh hot.
Lng nc thi pht sinh t khu chung c chim 80% lng nc cp l:

1.000 m3/ngy.
20
Trang
Nc thi pht sinh t khu chung c s c tin x l bng b t hoi

trc khi c thu gom v trm x l nc thi tp trung.
Cht lng nc sau x l t tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng trc khi
thi vo ngun tip nhn.
3.8. Thu gom v x l cht thi rn

Chung c c b tr cc thng rc cng cng ti cc khu vc quy nh sn.
Rc pht thi t Khu chung c s c ch ngun thi hp ng vi Cng ty
mi trng th huyn Bnh Chnh thu gom v x l cht thi theo ng cc

quy nh hin hnh.
4. Chi ph u t d n
Khi ton cng trnh: Khu B ca d n xy d ng trn khu t c din tch
12.396m2, c quy m tng din tch sn xy dng l 105.941,41m c c tnh
nh sau:
Bng 7. Tng hp chi ph u t d n
Din gii
Chi ph quyn s dng t
Chi ph xy dng h tng,
ng sn bay
Chi ph xy dng
Tng cng :
Khi lng
(m2)
12.396
n gi
(USD/m2)
338
Thnh tin
(USD)
4.189.848
8.061,24
100
806.124
103.340,28
550
58.267.776
63.263.748
Tng ng 989,3 t VN
Ngun: Bo co u t ca Ch d n
4.1. Ngun vn u t.
Hnh thc vn u t:
-
Lin doanh, hp ng hp tc kinh doanh hoc hp ng gp vn xy dng

nhn sn phm.
Xc nh ngun vn
-
Chi ph t: 100% vn t c.
Chi ph xy dng - pht trin d n: 100% vn vay ngn hng.
u i u t
-
Thu sut thu nhp doanh nghip (28%). Thu ny c thanh ton khi
hon tt th tc bn cn h .
4.2. T chc qun l d n

Vic qun l d n xy dng Khu chung c cao cp Phong Ph Khu B c
thc hin theo iu l qun l u t v xy dng ban hnh theo Ngh nh s

21
Trang
52/1999/N-CP ngy 08/07/1999, Ngh nh s 12/2000/N-CP ngy

05/05/2000 v Thng t s 09/2000/TT-BXD ngy 17/07/2000.
Chn hnh thc u t l Ch u t thnh lp T vn Qun l D n
5. Cc li ch kinh t - x hi ca d n
Lnh vc u t trong nc vi nhiu kinh nghim pht trin d n v gii
quyt n b gii to.
C kinh nghim, th mnh trong giao dch vi cc c quan chnh quyn a
phng v cc doanh nghip pht trin d n bt ng sn.
Thu thp c kinh nghim pht trin d n theo nhiu loi hnh khc nhau:
t nn, cn h vi nhiu m hnh kin trc hin i.
C mi quan h kinh doanh chin lc vi nhiu nh u t th cp & cc nh
ch ti chnh h tr cho khch hng mua sn phm t d n.
n nh cuc sng ca mt s ngi dn ti nh c trong huyn Binh Chanh,
TP. H Chi Minh.
Gp phn hon thin h tng k thut trong khu vc huyn Binh Chanh.
Gii quyt mt phn ch cho nhu cu ca ngi dn thnh ph.

Cung cp nc sch cho ngi dn.
m bo ngun cung cp in.
H thng giao thng i li thun li.
Gp phn tt hn v cng tc bo v mi trng nh:
-
Thu gom v x l nc thi
Thu gom v x l cht thi rn
Gp phn m bo an ninh trt t x hi
22
Trang
CHNG 2. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG & KINH T - X HI

I. IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG
1. a hnh - a mo
Khu t c san nn hon chnh, cao san nn trung bnh 2.13m hng
dc: thot ra rch M Voi hin hu pha Ty khu t. Khu t c a hnh

tng i bng phng vi cao trung bnh 2.13 m theo h chun Hn Du.
Cnh quan thin nhin:

Khu vc quy hoch thuc mt phn Khu th Nam Thnh ph, X Phong
Ph, Huyn Bnh Chnh, Thnh ph H Ch Minh v nm trong d n Quy
Hoch Chi Tit Khu Dn C Intresco - Phong Ph. V tr nm cch xa trung
tm Thnh ph nhng gn khu th mi Ph M Hng nn phn no chu
nh hng ca tc th ha. Do vy, vic chm vo thin nhin cn c
nhng khong khng gian m, m chuyn tip gia xo ng ca th ha
vi nhng yn tnh ca mt vng t vn hoang vu ny.
2. iu kin a cht cng trnh a cht thy vn
a cht cng trnh:
a cht khu quy hoch nm trong mng a cht chung ca khu vc Nh B-
Bnh Chnh, c c im mm yu, cu to bi trm tch Eluvi bi tch t.

mt vi ni c dn c sinh sng, trn mt l lp t p vi thnh phn gm
ct, st, dm, si thc vt dy khong 1m. Cn li a cht khu vc hu ht
c cu to a tng 03 lp t chnh nh sau:
+ Lp 1: Lp bn st hu c mu xm en, trng thi mm, ln ct v cy

mc, b dy trung bnh l 0,8m.
+ Lp 2: Lp ct st mu xm n vng cng va dy khong 1m.
+ Lp 3 : Lp st mu xm xanh, trng thi do nho, b dy trung bnh
4m.
Nhn chung tnh hnh a cht khu vc ny t mm yu, t nn c m cao,
li chu nh hng ca sng rch nn ch thy triu din bin phc tp. Cn
c bin php x l thch hp lm tng n nh ca cng trnh, gim ln
nn ng.
Sc chu ti ca nn t thp, nh hn 0,7kg/cm2.
Do nn t yu, sc chu ti ca nn t thp, nh hn 0,7kg/cm2, v vy an
ton cho cng trnh xy dng chung c v cc cng trnh ln cn, Ch u t

ch trng gia c nn mng vng chc bng cch ng cc nhi btng, vvv
3. a cht thy vn:

Khu quy hoch c ch thy vn chu nh hng trc tip ca ch bn
23
Trang
nht triu khng u trn sng Nh B, bin triu trong ngy trung bnh l
2m. Theo cc s liu quan trc, mc nc cao nht (Hmax) v mc nc thp
nht (Hmin), tng ng vi cc tn sut (P) khc nhau nh sau: (cao
chun Mi Nai).
Tn sut (P)
1%
10%
25%
50%
75%
99%
Hmax
1,55
1,45
1,40
1,35
1,31
1,23
Hmin
-1,98
-2,20
-2,09
-2,32
-2,58
-2,87
4. Kh hu
Khu vc quy hoch thuc phn vng kh hu IVb ca Vit Nam. c im ca phn
vng kh hu ny l:
Nhit : bnh qun 29oC
-
Thng c nhit cao nht: thng 05 (40oC)
Thng c nhit thp nht: thng 12 (23oC)
Kh hu: nhit i, mt nm chia 2 ma r rt ma v nng :

-
Ma ma t thng 05 11.
Ma nng t thng 12 - 04
m: trung bnh 79,8%.

-
Thng c m cao nht: thng 9 (90%).
Thng c m thp nht: thng 3 (65%).
Lng ma: s ngy ma trung bnh trong nm l 159 ngy t 1.949mm
(trong khong t 1.392 2.318 mm).

-
Lng ma cao nht: 2.318 mm/nm
Lng ma thp nht: 1.392 mm/nm
Bc x: tng lng bc x mt tri trung bnh t 11,7Kcal/thng.

-
Lng bc x cao nht: 14,2 Kcal/thng
Lng bc x thp nht: 10,2 Kcal/thng
Lng bc hi: kh ln (trong nm 1.350mm), trung bnh 37mm/ngy.

Gi: c hai hng gi chnh.
Thnh hnh trong ma kh: gi ng Nam chim 20%-40%;

gi ng chim 20%-30%
-
Thnh hnh trong ma ma: gi Ty Nam chim 66%.
(Ngun: S liu kh tng thu vn nm 2005 S Du lch TP.HCM)
24
Trang
5. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khu vc d n

nh gi hin trng cht lng mi trng ti khu vc d kin thc hin d
n, Ch u t Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh nh Intresco phi hp vi

n v t vn l Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh v Phn vin
nghin cu KHKT - BHL tin hnh kho st o c phn tch cc ch tiu v
nng cc cht nhim trong mi trng khng kh v mi trng nc
ngm ti khu vc thc hin d n.
5.1. Hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh

Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh v
iu kin vi kh hu ti khu vc xy dng d n ti Khu dn c Intresco Phong

Ph (13E), xa Phong Ph, huyn Binh Chanh, thnh ph H Ch Minh. V tr
ly mu ti gia khu t hin hu ca d n.
Bng 8: Kt qu o c cht lng khng kh ti khu vc d n
Mu 1: c ly u hng gi (ng s 1)
Cc ch tiu
n v o
Kt qu
14/12/2007
Tiu chun cho php

TCVN 5937 - 2005
Bi
mg/m3
0,27
0,30
NO2
mg/m3
0,015
0,20
CO
mg/m3
1,5
30,0
SO2
mg/m3
0,10
0,35
dBA
52-54
60
n v phn tch:Phn vin nghin cu KHKT -BHL ngy14/ 12/2007.

Mu 2: c ly cui hng gi (ng s 7)
Cc ch tiu
n v o
Kt qu
14/12/2007
Tiu chun cho php

TCVN 5949 - 2005
Bi
mg/m3
0,32
0,30
NO2
mg/m3
0,025
0,20
CO
mg/m3
2,2
30,0
SO2
mg/m3
0,12
0,35
dBA
48-50
60
25
Trang
n v phn tch: Phn vin nghin cu KHKT - BHL ngy 14/12/2007.

Ghi ch:
- Mu kh c ly ti khu vc d n, xa Phong Ph, huyn Binh Chanh,
TPHCM.
TCVN 5937-2005: tiu chun ny quy nh gii hn cc thng s v
nng cho php ca cc thng s c bn (bao gm bi l lng, CO, NO 2,
SO2 trong khng kh xung quanh)
-
Kt qu o c cho thy, cht lng mi trng khng kh ti khu vc d n
cc ch tiu nhn chung kh cao tuy nhin nhng ch tiu ny vn cha vt

qu tiu chun cho php. Ti v tr o c, hu ht cc gi tr o c u thp
hn so vi gii hn thi ti a cho php ca cc cht ny c mt trong mi
trng khng kh xung quanh. Kt qu o c phn tch cht lng mi trng
khng kh trong khu vc d n c trnh by trong bng s 8.
5.2. Hin trng cht lng mi trng nc ngm

i vi cht lng mi trng nc ngm ly mu ti ging khoan ( ng s
5 khu chung c, ging su 32m) ) trong khu vc d n. Kt qu kho st v o

c cht lng mi trng nc ngm tai khu vc d n c th hin trong
bng s 9.
Bng 9: Kt qu o c cht lng nc ngm ti ging khoan trong khu vc d n

Kt qu
Tiu chun cho php
14/12/2007
TCVN 5944-2005
5,5
6,5-8,5
cng
mgCaCO3/L
18
300-500
TDS
mg/L
126
750-1500
Cl-
mg/L
10,2
200-600
NH+4
mg/L
0.05
NO-3
mg/L
0.36
45
NO-2
mg/L
SO42-
mg/L
8,5
200-400
Tng Fe
mg/L
0,6
1-5
Tng
Coliform
MPN/100ML
Cc ch tiu
n v o
pH
n v phn tch: Phn vin nghin cu KHKT - BHL ngy 14/ 12/2007.
Ghi ch:
26
Trang
- Mu nc c ly ti khu vc d n, xa Phong Ph, huyn Binh

Chanh, TPHCM
TCVN 5944-2005: cht lng nc tiu chun cht lng nc ngm
(tiu chun ny gii hn cc thng s v nng cho php ca cht
nhim trong nc ngm. Ngoi ra, tiu chun ny cn c p dng
nh gi v gim st cht lng ca mt ngun nc ngm trong mt khu
vc nht nh)
-
Theo kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm ti ging khoan ca khu vc d
n cho thy cht lng nc ngm rt tt, cht lng nc t tiu chun cho
php (TCVN 5944-2005). Tuy nhin c th phc v cho mc ch cp nc
sinh hat v cc nhu cu dng nc khc th nc ging khoan phi qua h
thng x l lc, hp ph, kh trng mi m bo cht lng nc cp theo tiu
chun ca B Y T.
5.3. Hin trng cht lng mi trng nc mt (c diu: c im sng m voi,

cch thc ly mu)
i vi cht lng mi trng nc mt ti rch M Voi ngun tip nhn nc
thi. Kt qu kho st v o c cht lng nc mt ti khu vc d n c th hin
trong bng s 10.
Bng10: Kt qu o c cht lng mi trng nc mt
Cc ch tiu
Kt qu
14/12/2007
n v o
Tiu chun cho php

TCVN 5942-2005
A
pH
5,81
6,0-8,5
5,5-9,0
COD
mg/L
42
<10
<35
BOD5
mg/L
19
<4,0
<25
TSS
mg/L
5,81
NO3-
mg/L
5,2
PO42-
mg/L
0,4
Tng coliform
MPN/100ml
1,5*106
<5000
<10.000
n v phn tch: Phn vin nghin cu KHKT - BHL ngy 14/ 12/2007.
Ghi ch:
- Ct A p dng i vi nc mt c th dng lm ngun cp nc sinh
hot (nhng phi qua qu trnh x l theo quy nh).
- Ct B p dng i vi nc mt dng cho cc mc ch khc. Nc
dng cho nng nghip v nui trng thu sn c quy nh ring.
TCVN 5942-2005: tiu chun cht lng nc mt ( tiu chun ny qui
nh gii hn cc thng s v nng cho php ca cc cht nhim trong
-
27
Trang
nc mt. Ngai ra, tiu chun ny p dng nh gi mc nhim

ca ngun nc mt)
Kt qu phn tch cht lng mu nc mt ti khu vc ca d n cho thy cht
lng nc mt b nhim, hu nh tt c cc ch tiu cht lng nc u vt
tiu chun cho php (TCVN 5942-2005). Ngun nc b nhim bi cc thnh phn
hu c, th hin qua cc thng s BOD5, COD cao v DO thp. Ngun gc ca cc
thnh phn nhim ny ch yu l t nc thi sinh hot ca ngi dn ti khu vc
sng ch m, rch M Voi, vvv(l nhng ngun tip nhn nc thi).
II. IU KIN KINH T X HI
HuynBnh Chnh l mt trong 5 huyn ngoi thnh ca thnh ph H Ch
Minh, c tng din tch t nhin l 25.269,16 ha, chim 12% din tch ton thnh ph.
Dn s tnh n nm 2003 l 219.340 ngi, chim 3,9% dn s thnh ph, mt
dn s bnh qun l 820 ngi/km2, vi 15 x v 1 th trn. Huyn Bnh Chnh nm v
pha Ty-Ty Nam ca ni thnh TP.HCM, cch trung tm thnh ph khong 15km.
Pha Bc gip huyn Hc Mn, pha Nam gip 2 huyn Bn Lc v Cn Giuc tnh
Long An, pha Ty gip huyn c Ha tnh Long An, pha ng gip qun Bnh
Tn, Qun 7, Qun 8 v huyn Nh B.
Kinh t x hi X Phong Ph
Nhng nm u giai phong nn kinh t ca x Phong Ph hoan toan da vao
nng nghip la chinh, h thng c s ha tng cha co, mt dn c sng tha tht,
trinh dn tri con thp, do o i sng nhn dn gp nhiu kho khn.
Cc hng tip gip ca x Phong Ph:
+
Phia ng cua xa giap huyn Nh B, Tp. H Ch Minh
+ Ty giap xa Hng Long, huyn Bnh Chnh, Tp. H Ch Minh

+ Nam giap x a Phc, huyn Bnh Chnh, Tp. H Ch Minh
+
Bc giap x Bnh Hng, huyn Bnh Chnh, Th trn An Lc, Tp. H Ch

Minh.
Sau 30 nm giai phong, cung vi s phat trin chung cua khu vc, x Phong Ph
a va ang trong qua trinh phat trin thi hoa nhanh. Nhiu cng ty, xi nghip kinh
doanh trn ia ban a tao vic lam cho lao ng xa tng buc thm thu nhp, n inh
cuc sng.
Hin nay i sng dn c trong x Phong Ph nhn chung cn nhiu kh khn,
nht l khu dn c xung quanh khu vc d n. Vn cn rt nhiu ngi nh l, nh
chut.
28
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Tng din tch x Phong Ph 1868,9ha. Dn s: ton x c 85.195 h dn vi

340.781 nhn khu. X Phong Ph c 4 trng hc bao gm: 1 trng cpI, 1 trng
cp II, 1 trng cp III v 1 trng dy ngh. X c mt Trm Yt.
Giao thng : Tuyn i l Nguyn Vn Linh cch ranh t 118 m v pha Ty
Bc. Ngay trn quc l 1A l mt con ln di khng c ng ct ngang qua

khu vc d n nn giao thng i vo khu vc d n khng thun tin. Trong
khu vc d n cha c con ng ni b nn ngi dn i li ngay con ng
bn trong d n.
Cp in, nc: Hin nay ngun in cp cho x l ngun in quc gia,
ngun nc ca ngi dn vn s dng ngun nc ging t khoan.
Thot nc v mi trng: Nc thi ca cc h dn c s c thi vo h
thng thot nc chung ca ton x. Nhn chung hin nay h thng thot nc
ca x Phong Ph vn hot ng tt.
Nh vy sau ny khi d n i vo hot ng s lm thay i ton b b mt i

sng khu dn c v nh vy khu vc xung quanh d n s c quy hoch ph hp.
Giao thng i li cng s c quy hoch s m rng v tri nha nhng con ng
t xung quanh khu vc d n. Ngun nc cung cp cho ngi dn s l ngun nc
cp ca thnh ph thay v dng nc ging nh hin nay. Ton b nc thi c tp
trung v trm x l cc b sau x vo cng thu nc v thi ra rch M Voi do
h thot nc ca khu vc cng s c ci to. Nc thi s c x l trc khi
thi vo ngun tip nhn.
29
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CHNG 3. NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG
Hin ti d n thc hin xong qu trnh san lp mt bng do cc tc ng nh
hng n mi trng khng c cp trong bo co TM ny.
I. D BO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI
CNG XY DNG
1. Cc ngun gy nhim
Nhng hot ng trong giai on thi cng cc qu trnh nh: gii ta, chun b
mt bng, ph v nh ca, o mng, cung cp vt liu, gia cng st, thp,... s gy
nh hng xu n mi trng v nhng hot ng ln cn ca ngi dn. C th tm
lc cc ngun gy ra nhim chnh trong qu trnh xy dng nh sau
1.1. Bi
nhim do bi t, , ct, xi mng pht sinh trong qu trnh san lp mt bng,
trong qu trnh xy dng v vn chuyn nguyn vt liu: gy ra cc tc ng n cng
nhn trc tip thi cng trn cng trng, n mi trng khng kh xung quanh v h
ng thc vt. C th nh sau:
Bang s 11: Tai lng cac chat o nhiem khong kh trong qua
trnh thi cong xay dng
S
tt
Nguyen
nhiem
1.
Bui sinh ra do qua trnh

ao at, san ui mat
1 100 g/m3
bang b gio cuon len
Bui sinh ra do qua trnh
boc d vat lieu xay
dng (xi mang, at cat,
0,1 - 1 g/m3
a), may moc, thiet
b.
Tieng on, rung do cac
phng tien van tai va
80 90 dBA
c gii thi cong.
Khoi
thai
cua
cac Bui : 4,3 kg/tan
phng tien van tai, thi
DO
cong c gii co cha SO2 : 0,1 kg/tan
bui, CO, hydrocacbon, SO2,
DO
NOx,.(xe tai 3,5 16 tan, NOx : 55 kg/tan
chay dau DO 1%S)
DO
2.
3.
4.
nhan
gay
He
so
nhiem
30
Tai lng
(kg)
20 - 200
2-20 kg
80 90 dBA
Bui : 13 g/h
SO2 : 0.3 g/h
NOx : 165 g/h
CO : 84 g/h
VOC : 36 g/h
Trang
CO : 28 kg/tan
DO
VOC:12
g/tanDO
5.
Xe van chuyen cat, at

lam ri vai tren mat 0,1 1 g/m3
2 20 kg
ng phat sinh bui .
Nguon: Theo tai lieu anh gia nhanh cua WHO, 1995
Tc hi
Bi c tc hi ch yu n h h hp, mt, da... Bi bm trn da c th gy vim
da, ty , nga, rt. Vo phi, bi gy kch thch c hc v sinh phn ng s ho
phi, gy ra cc bnh v ng h hp: vim phi, kh thng phi, ung th phi, vim
mi d ng, hen ph qun, bnh bi phi.
1.2. Kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn
nhim do kh thi ra t cc phng tin vn ti, phng tin v my mc thi
cng. Loi nhim ny thng khng ln do phn tn v hot ng trong mi trng
rng.
Khi thi t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti, cc my mc s dng trn cng
trng cha cc thnh phn gy c hi nh CO, NOx, SOx, cc cht hu c bay hi
v bi.
Nng cc cht nhim ty thuc vo tng loi nguyn liu s dng, tnh
trng vn hnh v tui th ca cc ng c. Phng tin vn chuyn v my mc cng
c, nng cc cht nhim trong khi thi cng ln, do tc ng n mi trng
cng ln.
Nu xc nh c s lng xe hot ng hng ngy v s lng nhin liu tiu
th, t vic phn tch thnh phn khi thi do hot ng ca xe c nu bng 11 ta
c th tnh c mt cch tng i ti lng cc cht nhim khng kh thi vo
mi trng t cc hot ng giao thng vn ti.
Mt cch khc nu bit lng xng tiu th hng ngy ca cc phng tin giao
thng hot ng trn cng trng, chng ta c th tnh c lng cc cht nhim
khng kh thi vo mi trng da theo h s nhim Bng 11.
Bng11: Thnh phn cc cht trong khi thi t
Tnh trng
vn hnh
CxHy (ppm)
CO (%)
31
NO2 (ppm)
CO2 (%)
Trang
Chy khng ti
750
5,2
30
9,5
Chy chm
300
0,8
1.500
12,5
Chy tng tc
400
5,2
3.000
10,2
Chy gim tc
4.000
4,2
60
9,5
Kh thi pht sinh t cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy
dng trong khu vc thc hin d n, nh hng trc tip n cng nhn xy dng ti
cng trng. Tuy nhin mc nh hng ch tp trung vo nhng khong thi gian
vn chuyn ca cc phng tin, khng tp trung v thng xuyn.
Tc hi
Sunfua dioxyt (SO2)
SO2 tc ng mnh, gy tc ngc, au u, kh th c tnh chung ca SOx l

ri lon chuyn ho protein v ng, thiu vitamin B v C, c ch enzym
oxydaza. Hp thu lng ln SO2 c kh nng gy bnh cho h to huyt v to ra
methemoglobin. Ht th khng kh c nng SO2 n 50mg/m3 s gy kch thch
ng h hp, ho; nng 130-260mg/m3 l liu nguy him khi ht th trong 3060 pht; vi nng 1000-1300 mg/m3 l liu gy cht nhanh (sau 30-60 pht).
SO2 cn l nguyn nhn gy nn ma acid.
Nit oxyt (NOx)
Kh NO2 vi nng 100ppm c th lm cht ngi v ng vt ch sau vi pht,

vi nng 5ppm c th gy tc hi b my h hp sau vi pht tip xc, vi
nng 15 - 50ppm gy nguy him cho phi, tim, gan sau vi gi tip xc.
Kh Oxyt Carbon (CO)
CO gy tn thng, thoi ha h thn kinh v gy cc bin chng vim phi, vim
ph qun, cc loi vim thanh qun cho cng nhn t l. Ngi v ng vt c
th cht t ngt khi tip xc ht th kh CO, do n tc dng mnh vi
hemoglobin (Hb), (mnh gp 250 ln so vi oxy) lm mt kh nng vn chuyn
oxy ca mu v gy ngt.
1.3. Ting n
nhim v ting n ch yu pht sinh t cc phng tin v my mc thi cng
trn cng trng. Loi nhim ny thng rt ln v trong giai on ny cc phng
tin my mc s s dng nhiu hn v hot ng cng lin tc hn. S liu cc my
mc thit b thi cng xy dng lm pht sinh ra ting n c th lit k trong bng 13
Bng13: Mc n sinh ra t hot ng ca cc thit b thi cng
STT
Thit b
Mc n(dBA), cch ngun 1,5 m
32
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Ti liu (1)
Ti liu (2)
01
My i
93,0
02
My m nn (xe lu)
72,0 74,0
03
My xc gu trc
72,0 84,0
04
Gu ngc
72,0 93,0
05
My ko
77,0 96,0
06
My cp t, my san
80,0 93,0
07
My lt ng
87,0 88,5
08
Xe ti
82,0 94,0
09
My trn btng
10
Bm btng
11
My p btng
12
Cn trc di ng
76,0 87,0
13
Cn trc Deric
86,5 88,5
14
My pht in
72,0 82,5
15
My nn
16
Ba chn v my khoan
17
My ng cc
75,0
75,0 88,0
80,0 83,0
85,0
80,0
75,0 87,0
81,0 98,0
75,0
95,0 106,0
(Ngun: Ti liu (1): Nguyn inh Tun v cng s, 2000)

Ti liu (2): Mackernize, L.da, 1985
Mc n ca cc loi my mc thit b phc v cng tc o p t (xe ti, xe
lu, xe xc t) dao ng trong khong t 72 96 dBA, cc my mc thao tc
vi cc loi vt liu xy dng (my trn btng, bm btng, cn cu, ) c dao
ng t 75 88 dBA, cc thit b nh bm, my pht in, my nn kh c n t
68 78 dBA. Cc thit b khc nh ba chn v my khoan , my ng cc c
th pht sinh ting n ln ti 106 dBA.
Tc hi
Ting n pht sinh trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng tc ng ch yu n sc
khe ca cng nhn lm vic trc tip ngoi cng trng, nh hng n cc c quan
thnh gic nh gim nhy ca tai, thnh lc gim st, gy nn bnh ic ngh
nghip. Ting n gy ra cc chng au u, tai, chng mt, ri lon tim mch
lm suy yu v th lc, suy nhc thn kinh v lm gim hiu qu lao ng.
Ngi lm vic tip xc vi ting n cn nh hng ti cc c quan khc ca c
th nh lm ri lon cc chc nng thn kinh (stress), cng thng, cu gt, gy bnh
au u, chng mt v c cm gic s hi, suy gim kh nng tp trung v lm vic.
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Ting n cng gy nn cc thng tn cho h tim mch v lm tng cc bnh v

ng tiu ho.
1.4. Nc thi
1.4.1.Nc thi sinh hot
nhim nc thi t cc hot ng sinh hot ca cng nhn ti cng trng v
nc ma chy trn trn cc b mt ca cng trng ang xy dng.
S lng cng nhn thi cng trong giai on ny thng xuyn dao ng ty
thuc vo tin thi cng cng trnh. c tnh ti thi im cao nht, tng s cng
nhn vin l 200 ngi, nhu cu s dng nc trong ngy l 9 - 10 m3/ngy. Nc thi
pht sinh ch yu trong giai on thi cng do cc hot ng sinh hot c nhn trong
nh v sinh.
Nc thi t cc nh v sinh ca cng nhn cha hm lng cc cht nhim
hu c rt cao (BOD, SS, Coliform) nu khng c thu gom x l s gy ra cc
tc ng n mi trng nc ngm khu vc d n. Ti lng cc cht nhim c
bn trong nc thi sinh hot tnh theo u ngi nh sau:
- BOD5: 35g/ngi/ngy (i vi nc thi lng trong).
-TSS: 65g/ngi/ngy.
- Nit ca mui amn: 8g/ngui/ngy.
- Cht hot ng b mt: 2,5g/ngi/ngy.
(Ngun: Gio trnh thot nc Tp 2: X l nc thi NXB KH v KT, Hong Vn

Hu, 2002)
1.4.2.Nc ma chy trn
Lng nc ma chy trn c lu lng ph thuc ch kh hu ca khu vc.
Nu khng c qun l tt, nc ma c th b nhim du do chy qua nhng khu
vc cha nhin liu, qua khu vc u xeNc ma chy trn cun theo cc tp cht
t , cn bn, du nht nhin liu gy nn cc vn v an ton v sinh v m quan
khu vc.
Ngoi ra cn c nc thi t vic gii nhit my mc, thit b hoc t cc khu
vc tn tr nhin liu, vt liu xy dng. Loi nhim ny tng i nh, t gy nh
hng.
1.4.3.Nc thi t qu trnh thi cng mng cc.
Phng php khoan cc nhi lm cho kt cu mng chc hn, gim thiu ting
n nhiu hn nhng li pht sinh mt lng ln nc thi. Lng nc thi ny nu
khng c x l trc khi thi ra cng chung th cng s gy nhim.
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1.4.4.Nc thi t qu trnh ra xe khi ra khi cng trnh

Khi xe vn chuyn vt liu xy dng ra khi cng trnh u phi tin hnh ra
xe. V vy s pht sinh lng nc thi t qu trnh ny. Nc thi ny cha nhiu
bn, ct, nu khng c x l th nc thi ny khi chy vo h thng thot
nc chung s gy ra hin tng tc nghn h thng.
1.5. Rc xy dng v rc thi sinh hot
Rc xy dng gm cc vt liu xy dng nh: g, kim loi (khung
nhm, st, inh st) cc tng, g dn, x bn, dy in, ng nha, knh
pht sinh t nhng v tr thi cng
Cc loi rc nh bao b, thc phm tha to t cc khu ln tri tm
thi v sinh hot ca cng nhn lao ng trc tip trn cng trng thi cng.
c tnh lng rc thi ny khong 120 150kg/ngy.
-
Nhng tc ng ny nu khng tm bin php hn ch th khng ch nh hng

ti cng nhn tham gia xy dng cng trnh m cn nh hng ti mi trng xung
quanh, cc c s, nh my v khu dn c khu vc ln cn.
1.6. Vn an ton lao ng
Cng trnh xy dng l nh cao tng (25 tng lu v 01 tng hm) cho nn nguy
c xy ra tai nn trong qu trnh thi cng tng i ln. Do , Ch D n s ch
n vn an ton lao ng khi vn chuyn v lp t cc my mc c trng ti ln
v khi thi cng cc cng trnh trn cao.
Trong cng trng thi cng c nhiu phng tin vn chuyn ra vo, c
th dn n tai nn cho xe c hay tai nn cho ngi lao ng, ngi i ng
v dn c xung quanh khu vc d n
-
- Vic thi cng cc cng trnh trn cao c kh nng gy ra tai nn lao ng cao
hn do trt t trn cc gin gio, vn chuyn vt liu xy dng (ximng, ct,

) ln cc tng cao v nhiu nguyn nhn khc
Vt liu xy dng cht ng cao c th gy nguy him cho cng nhn nu
, ng
Cc cng tc tip cn vi in nh thi cng h thng in hoc do va
chm vo ng dy in.
-
Nhng ngy thi cng cng trnh vo ma ma, kh nng tai nn lao ng
trn cng trng tng cao hn do t trn, d lm trt t, t mm, ln d gy
s c cho con ngi v cc my mc thit b thi cng, gi bo ln d gy ra
tnh trng mt in, hoc t dy dn in gy nguy him n tnh mng con
ngi.
-
Nhn chung cc tc ng ni trn nh hng n mi trng khng ng k v

trong thi gian c hn. Tuy nhin, cng cn c cc bin php thch hp kim sot
35
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v cc tc ng ny nh hng rt ln n sc kho v tnh mng ca cng nhn tham

gia xy dng cng trnh
2. Cc tc ng khc
2.1. Tc ng n cc cng trnh kin trc trong khu vc
Cc nh dn v cc cng trnh khc trong khu vc ln cn s b nh hng bi
bi (lm vng tng nh), ting n v cc chn ng mnh. (c th lm nt ln cc
cng trnh kin trc gn ni ng cc).
D n s gy cc nh hng sau:
Bi lm vng tng nh v nh hng n sc kho ngi dn, ngi
thi cng v ngi i li xung quanh.
Ting n nh sc kho ngi dn ln cn v kh nng lm vic ca c
quan, cng ty xung quanh.
Cc chn ng mnh c th lm nt ln nh dn xung quanh v cc
cng trnh kin trc gn ni ng cc.
-
Cc tc ng ca d n cn l nguyn nhn gy tc nghn giao thng

xung quanh.
-
2.2. Tc ng n mi trng t
V mt tch cc, d n s gy tc ng trc tip n vic thay i mc ch s
dng t trn vng quy hoch m trc y l t dng lm nh xng. iu ny c
ngha lm tng gi tr s dng ca ti nguyn t.
t ni b c san bng ph hp vi a hnh khu vc cn khai thc, ni chung,
iu ny s c li n ti nguyn t khu vc ngoi tr s bin ng v gi tr s
dng ca ti nguyn t do thay i mc ch s dng.
Nc ma chy trn cun theo bi bm, t ct s t thm trong khun vin d
n. iu ny s lm thay i thnh phn tnh cht ca cht lng t.
Cc loi rc sinh hot v rc xy dng nu khng c thu gom thng xuyn
cng nh hng n cht lng t ai trong vng v c th tr thnh ni lu tr ca
cc loi cn trng, b st c hi v l ngun pht sinh dch bnh cho ngi lao ng
trn cng trng.
2.3. Tc ng n ti nguyn sinh vt
giai on xy dng c bn ca d n, do vn chuyn t san lp s xut
hin nhiu bi ch yu l bi v c, che ph thn l cy ci, lm gim kh nng quang
hp, cn tr s pht trin ca cy xanh trong khu vc d n. Khi xy dng d n, mt
s cy ci v thm thc vt trn khu t d n b mt i do phi san nn b tr mt
36
Trang
bng cc cng trnh. V vy, m bo cn bng sinh thi v gim bt cc tc ng

t pha ngoi (bi, ting n ), d n phi tnh n vic trng cy xanh mi.
2.4. Tc ng n tnh hnh trt t an ninh khu vc
Giai on thi cng c bn ca d n tp trung rt ng cng nhn. c im ca
s lao ng ny phn ln l lao ng ph thng, khng hon ton l dn c tr chnh
thc trong a bn khu vc. Qu trnh tp trung ng cng nhn s gy ra cc vn
x hi, gy mt trt t an ninh khu vc nh lm tng cc t nn x hi (trm cp, nh
nhau, ma tu) gy kh khn cho cng tc qun l ca cc ban ngnh chc nng ti
a bn khu vc d n.
2.5. Tc ng giao thng chung quanh
D n nm trong khu vc ng Nguyn Vn Linh l con ng c lu lng xe
c nhiu. Trong qu trnh san nn v thi cng ca d n cn rt nhiu cc phng tin
vn chuyn ch vt liu xy dng cng nh my mc thit b phc v cho d
n, m giao thng y ng c t nhiu s gy tnh trng kt xe. Do , cn phi c
bin php qun l cc phng tin xe ra vo ca d n trnh gy tc nghn giao
thng ti d n.
II. D BO NH GI TC NG MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON
D N I VO HOT NG
1. Cc ngun gy nhim
1.1. Ngun gy nhim nc
1.1.1.Nc ma
Bn thn nc ma khng lm nhim mi trng. Khi cha xy dng trung
tm thng mi cn h cao cp, nc ma s tiu thot bng nhiu nhnh nh chy
ra h thng thot nc hoc phn ln thm trc tip xung t. Khi trung tm c
xy dng ln, mi nh v sn bi c tri nha s lm mt kh nng thm nc,
ngoi ra, nc ma chy trn trn mt t ti khu vc cun theo cc cht cn b v t
ct xung h thng thot nc, nu khng c bin php tiu thot tt, s gy nn tnh
trng ng nc ma, gy tc nghn h thng tiu thot nc, to nh hng xu
n mi trng.
1.1.2.Nc thi sinh hot
Lu lng nc thi sinh hot khong 1.000m3 (chim 80% lng nc cp:
(Qmax + QTM ) x 0,8). Nc thi pht sinh t qu trnh sinh hot ca ngi dn trong
khu vc ny. Loi nc thi ny b nhim bi cc cht rn l lng (SS), cc cht
hu c (BOD, COD), cc cht dinh dng (N, P) v vi khun gy bnh Ecoli.
37
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Cc cht hu c c trong nc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc loi carbonhydrate,

protein, lipid l cc cht d b vi sinh vt phn hy. Khi phn hy th vi sinh vt cn
ly oxi ha tan trong nc chuyn ha cc cht hu c ni trn thnh CO 2, N2,
H2O, CH4
Ch th cho lng cht hu c c trong nc thi c kh nng b phn hy hiu
kh bi vi sinh vt chnh l ch s BOD5. Ch s ny biu din lng oxi cn thit m
vi sinh vt phi tiu th phn hy lng cht hu c c trong nc thi. Nh vy,
ch s BOD5 cng cao cho thy lng cht hu c trong nc thi cng ln, oxi ha
tan trong nc thi ban u b tiu th nhiu hn, mc nhim cao hn.
Bng 15: Thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi sinh hot (cha qua x l)
STT
THNH PHN
GY NHIM
GI TR
TB
TCVN 6772:2000
(mc I)
pH
6,8 7,8
59
SS
mg/l
100-220
50
BOD
mg/l
110-250
30
N_NO3
mg/l
20-40
30
P PO43-
mg/l
48
Tng Coliform
MNP/100 ml
106 108
1.000
N V
(Ngun: Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi, Trn Vn Nhn v Ng Th Nga, NXB
khoa hc k thut, 1999)
Bng 16: Thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi sinh hot ( qua x l b t hoi)
STT
THNH PHN
GY NHIM
N V
GI TR
TB
TCVN
6772:2000 (mc I)
68
59
pH
SS
mg/l
50-100
50
BOD
mg/l
120-140
30
N_NO3
mg/l
20-40
30
P PO43-
mg/l
48
Tng Coliform
MNP/100 ml
106 108
1.000
38
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(Ngun: Thot nc Tp 2: X l nc thi Hong Hu, NXB KHKT)

Ngoi ra, trong nc thi sinh hot cn c mt lng cht thi rn l lng c kh
nng gy hin tng bi lng cho cc ngun sng, sui tip nhn n, khin cht lng
nc ti ngun sng sui ny xu i. Cc cht dinh dng nh N, P c nhiu trong
nc thi sinh hot chnh l cc yu t gy nn hin tng ph dng ny.
Cc cht rn l lng trong nc thi s gy ra cc vn tc nghn cc cng
thot nc ti khu vc, gy ra tnh trng ng nc thi, pht sinh mi hi, nh
hng n mi trng khng kh xung quanh v lm mt v m quan khu vc.
1.2. Cht thi rn
1.2.1. Rc thi sinh hot
Lng cht thi rn pht sinh ch yu t qu trnh hot ng, sinh hot hng
ngy ca ngi dn trong cc cn h, cc dch v cng cng, v khch ra vo trung
tm thng mi, qui m dn s d kin ca chung c l 2.928 ngi (theo D n u
t).
Do , thnh phn v khi lng rc thi ra nh sau:
Rc thi sinh hot bao gm: thc phm, rau qu d tha, bc nilon, giy,
lon, chai... Lng cht thi rn c thnh phn ch yu l cc cht hu c d
phn hy.
-
Tiu chun rc thi sinh hot = 1,5 kg/ngi/ngy (theo D n u t).
Nh vy lng rc thi sinh hot: 1,5 kg/ngi/ngy x 2.928 ngi =

4.392kg/ngy
Khi lng rc thi ca khu thng mi (c tnh chim khong 15% khi lng
rc thi khu nh )
4.392 kg/ngy 15% = 659 kg/ngy.
Vy tng khi lng cht thi rn l: 4.392 + 659 = 5.051 kg/ngy
Bn thi t b t hoi v h thng x l nc thi tp trung
Qu trnh x l nc thi sinh hot s b ti b t hoi v trm x l nc thi
tp trung ca khu nh s lm pht sinh mt lng bn thi ng k. V qu trnh x l
ch yu s dng bin php sinh hc nn lng bn sinh ra t cc cng trnh b thuc
dng bn sinh hc, d phn hy.
Khi lng bn c tnh t b lng theo ng bn tun hon
39
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c =
Vr X
Qdu X r + Q X e
Trong :
c : Thi gian lu bn trong b Aerotank, c = 10 ngy.
Vr: Th tch hu ch ca b Aerotank, Vr= 300 m3 (mc 7.1)

X: Nng sinh khi bn hot tnh trong b Aerotank, X = 3000mgVSS/l
Qd : Lu lng bn d cn x l.
Q: Lu lng nc thi, Q = 1.000 m3/ngy.
Xr: Nng sinh khi bn tun hon vo b Aerotank, Xr = 8000 mgSS/l
Xe: Nng sinh khi trong nc thi u ra ca b lng 2, Xe = 25mg/l
MLVSS
= 0,8
T l MLSS
Qdu =
Vr X Q X e c 300 3000 1.000 25 0,8 10

=
=12 m3 / ngy
c X e
10 8000 0,8
Nh vy lu lng bn d pht sinh t h thng x l nc thi tp trung cn phi x

l l 12m3/ngy.
Khi lng bn t b t hoi s c c tnh phn sau (tnh ton th tch b t
hoi)
1.2.2. Cht thi nguy hi
Cht thi nguy hi l cht thi cha cc cht hoc hp cht c mt trong cc c
tnh gy nguy hi trc tip (d chy, d n, lm ng c, d n mn, d ly nhim v
cc c tnh nguy hi khc), hoc tng tc vi cc cht khc gy nguy hi ti mi
trng v sc khe con ngi. Cc loi cht thi nguy hi trong khu nh thng l
gas, cht ty ra, pin, cc loi ha m phm, cc thng sn qua s dng, cc vt
dng y t trong cc cn h gia nh
Tc hi:
Cht thi nguy hi thc s e da n sc khe con ngi nh tn thng c
th, c kh nng gy d ng cc bnh mn tnh v cp tnh, ng h hp, ung th, ri
lon h thn kinh, gy t bin, Nu cht thi nguy hi khng c thi b ng
40
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cch s hy hoi mi trng v l nhng mi nguy hi tim n n sc khe cng

ng.
1.2.3 Rc thi y t:
C s y t ca chung c cao cp Phong Ph khu B: l mt phng y t nh ch yu
lm cng tc s cu ti ch cho nhng trng hp bnh tt hay tai nn cp bch
trc khi chuyn i cc bnh vin chc nng trong huyn Bnh Chnh v Thnh ph.
Tng rc thi y t trong C s y t khu chung c trung bnh khong 2kg/ngy. Lng
rc thi ny c thu gom ring ( 2 ngy thu gom 1 ln) v vn chuyn n ni x l
rc thi y t ca Thnh ph. Nc thi y t tnh trung bnh khong 0.5m3/ ngy c
a vo trm x l nc thi ca chung c x l.
1.3. Ngun gy nhim mi trng khng kh
1.3.1.Cc phng tin vn chuyn
Ch yu pht sinh t cc phng tin vn chuyn ra vo Khu dn c l cc loi
xe my, xe t, xe ti vn chuyn cc loi. Thnh phn cc cht nhim trong khi
thi trn ch yu l SOx, NOx, COx, cacbuahydro, aldehyde v bi. Ngun gy
nhim ny phn b ri rc v kh khng ch, khng c nh nn vic khng ch v
kim sot rt kh khn.
Lng kh thi sinh ra tu thuc vo tnh nng k thut ca cc phng tin.
Ngoi ra n cn ph thuc vo ch vn hnh, th d lc khi ng, chy nhanh,
chy chm, khi thng (phanh).
Bng 17: Thnh phn kh c hi trong khi thi ca ng c t
Thnh phn
kh c hi
(%)
Ch lm vic ca ng c
Chy chm
Tng tc
n nh
Gim tc
Xng
Diezen
Xng
Diezen
Xng
Diezen
Xng
Diezen
Kh CO
7,0
Vt
2,5
0,1
1,8
Vt
2,0
Vt
Hydrocacbon
0,5
0,04
0,2
0,02
0,1
0,01
1,0
0,03
NOx (ppm)
30
60
1050
850
650
250
20
30
Aldehyde
30
10
20
20
10
10
300
30
(Ngun: nhim khng kh TS. inh Xun Thng 2003)

1.3.2.My pht in d phng
D n s dng my pht in d phng cung cp in cho khu nh trong
thi gian mng li in quc gia b ngt. Vic s dng my pht in ch trong thi
gian ngn v mang tnh gin on. Tuy nhin, qu trnh s dng my pht in cng
41
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s lm pht sinh ra cc cht nhim lm nh hng n cht lng mi trng khng

kh xung quanh.
Nhin liu c s dng cho my pht in l du DO
tnh ton mc nhim ca my pht in, c th s dng h s nhim
nh sau:
Bng 18: H s nhim my pht in s dng du DO
Cht nhim
H s (g/HP.gi)
HC
NO2
Bi
SO2
CO
0,11
10,66
0,15
0,57
1,79
(Ngun: Theo ti liu k thut nh gi nhim mi trng ca WHO)

Cn c vo cng sut 1 my pht in ca d n 1200KVA, tng ng
1700Hp. Ti lng nhim ca my pht in c tnh nh sau
Bng 19: Ti lng nhim ca my pht in
H s (g/HP.gi)
Cht nhim
g/h
g/s
HC
187
0,052
NO2
18.122
5,033
Bi
255
0,071
SO2
969
0,27
CO
3.043
0,84
1.3.3.H thng gas

Nguy c ha hon xy ra ngy cng nhiu trong thnh ph. Trong , gas l yu
t gy ha hon nhiu nht, hu ht l cc m chy do s bt cn ca ngi dn:
-
Qun kha gas sau khi s dng xong.
Ht thuc khi vo hm cha gas
Do phi c bit quan tm n vn cha gas v nhc nh ngi dn cn

trng trong qu trnh s dng gas.
1.3.4.Mi hi
T h thng x l nc thi
42
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Mi hi pht sinh khi d n i vo hot ng ch yu pht sinh t trm x l nc

thi. Bn cht ca nc thi x l ch yu l nc thi t qu trnh sinh hot, qu
trnh x l nu pht sinh mi hi l do nc thi lu cha trong h thng cc b s
pht sinh cc kh gy mi H2S, NH3, do qu trnh vn hnh v qun l trm x l
khng tt (lu lng kh b Aeroten khng , thi gian lu nc cc b ln gy
nn tnh trng phn hy k kh nc thi). Mi hi c trng ca nc thi s gy
mt m quan cho khu vc d n c bit i vi d n l khu nh cao cp. Mi hi
gy cm gic kh chu, to mi trng sng v lm vic khng tt c bit cho nhng
h gia nh xung quanh.
T khu vc nu n.
Trong qu trnh nu n pht sinh mi nh nu mm kho c, chin thtkhi s
dng du m li nhiu ln hoc khng thng xuyn thay du nu n. Nhng mi ny
mt gii hn no lm cho con ngi cm gic rt kh chu. c bit trong thnh
ph ni chung cng nh khu vc d n ni ring nh ca dn, cng ty v doanh
nghip t nhn rt ng, kt cu xy dng st nhau khng thng thong c. Do
trong qu trnh nu n phi c bin php x l mi thch hp.
1.4. nhim ting n
1.4.1.T qu trnh sinh hot
D n l trung tm thng mi, ca hng mua sm kt hp vi khu cn h cao cp
vi qui m dn s d kin khong 2.928 ngi, tp trung ti mt khu vc nht nh,
do , ting n pht sinh t hot ng, sinh hot hng ngy ca ngi dn l c th.
Tuy nhin, cng ting n ri rc v khng tp trung, nhiu h gia nh sinh hot
ring bit, cho nn, n s khng nh hng n khu vc xung quanh.
1.4.2.T my mc thit b
- Hot ng ca my pht in trong trng hp mng li in quc gia b ngt.
Tuy nhin ngun n ny khng din ra lin tc v ch trong mt thi gian ngn
- Hot ng ca cc loi my mc thit b phc v cho cc cng trnh ph tr (cc
loi my bm nc, my thi kh phc v cho h thng x l nc thi)
- Cc phng tin giao thng vn ti t c dn trong cc cn h, cc phng tin ra
vo trung tm thng mi l ting n pht ra t cc ng c v do s rung ng
ca cc b phn xe, ting n t ng x khi Cc loi xe khc nhau s pht sinh mc
n khc nhau
Tuy nhin cc ngun gy n ca d n nhn chung khng ln v khng thng
xuyn.
1.5. Kh nng gy chy n
Khu nh v trung tm thng mi l ni ngi dn tp trung ng. Do , kh
nng ha hon do bt cn ca ngi dn rt c th xy ra.
Cc nguyn nhn dn n chy n c th do:
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Vt ba bi tn thuc hay nhng ngun la khc vo cc khu vc d chy ni

chung.
-
- Bt cn trong qu trnh sinh hot v nu nng ca ngi dn nh: r r gas t

bp gas, nu cm, i , qut,
- S c v cc thit b in: dy trn, dy in, ng c, qut.... b qu ti trong qu
trnh vn hnh, pht sinh nhit v dn n chy;
Do vy, Ch u t cn thit lp h thng PCCC ti ch, t nhiu ni c th
d ly v s dng tt trong khu vc khu nh cao cp v tng cn h ring bit,
trong khu trung tm thng mi, trong cc khu vc dch v cng cng ngi
dn c th cha chy kp thi nu ha hon xy ra trc khi i PCCC chuyn
nghip n.
2. Cc tc ng n mi trng v x hi
Khi d n i vo hot ng s gy ra cc tc ng n mi trng ch yu l nc
thi, cht thi rn, cc s c xy ra khu nh - trung tm thng mi v cc tc
ng n kinh t x hi ti khu vc d n.
2.1. Tc ng n mi trng t nc thi
Cc tc ng n mi trng ch yu l nc thi t qu trnh sinh hot ca ngi
dn trong khu nh .
Cc cht rn l lng trong nc thi s gy ra cc vn tc nghn cc cng thot
nc ti khu vc, gy ra tnh trng ng nc thi, pht sinh mi hi, nh hng
n mi trng khng kh xung quanh v lm mt v m quan khu vc.
Cht hu c d phn hy trong nc thi (ch yu l cacbonhydrat) nu khng
c x l trc khi x vo ngun nc, s lm suy gim nng oxy ha tan trong
nc do vi sinh vt s dng oxy ha tan phn hy cc cht hu c. Nng oxy
ha tan di 50% bo ha c kh nng gy nh hng ti s pht trin ca tm, c.
Ngoi ra lng du m c trong nc thi sinh hot s hn ch s ha tan, xm nhp
oxy vo ngun nc do nh hng n kh nng h hp, quang hp ca thu sinh
vt khu vc ng thi nh hng n kh nng t lm sch ca ngun nc.
Theo phng php nh gi nhanh ca WHO, khi lng cc cht nhim do
nc thi sinh hot ca khu nh c th c tnh theo bng 19
Bng 19: Ti lng cc cht nhim nc thi sinh hot theo u ngi
H s pht thi
Ti lng nhim
(kg/ngy)
170 220
133 173
BOD5 ca nc lng
45 54
35 42
Nit tng
6 12
0.7 1.4
0.6 4.5
0.47 3.35
Ch tiu nhim
Cht l lng
P-PO4
44
Trang
Du m
10 30
7.85 23.55
Tng Coliform (k.lac/ng/ng)
106 109
7.85*108 1011
Feacal Coliform (k.lac/ng/ng)
105 106
7.85*107 108
103
7.85*105
48
3.1 6.3
Trng giun sn
Chlor
2.2. Tc ng n mi trng t cht thi rn

Cht thi rn pht sinh khi d n i vo hot ng ch yu l rc thi sinh hot t
cc h gia nh ring l. Rc thi sinh hot c hm lng cht hu c c kh nng
phn hy sinh hc cao, l mi trng thun li cc vt mang mm bnh sinh si,
pht trin nh: rui, mui, gin ng thi gy mt v m quan cho khu nh cao
cp.
V quy m dn s ca khu nh rt ln (d kin n khong 2.928 ngi) nn vi
lng cht thi rn pht sinh trong ngy rt ln, phi c bin php thu gom, qun l
v x l hp l.
2.3. Tc ng n mi trng t cht thi nguy hi
Cht thi nguy hi thc s e da n sc khe con ngi nh tn thng c th,
c kh nng gy d ng cc bnh mn tnh v cp tnh, ng h hp, ung th, ri
lon h thn kinh, gy t bin, Nu cht thi nguy hi khng c thi b ng
cch s hy hoi mi trng v l nhng mi nguy hi tim n n sc khe cng
ng.
2.4. Tc ng n mi trng t ting n
Ngi lm vic tip xc vi ting n cn nh hng ti cc c quan khc ca c
th nh lm ri lon cc chc nng thn kinh (stress), cng thng, cu gt, gy bnh
au u, chng mt v c cm gic s hi, suy gim kh nng tp trung v lm vic.
Ting n cng gy nn cc thng tn cho h tim mch v lm tng cc bnh v
ng tiu ho.
III. D BO NH GI TC NG N KINH T X HI CA D N
1.Tc ng tch cc
D n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph khu B s gp phn p ng c nhu cu
cp thit v nh ca ngi dn, to mt mi trng sng vn minh hin i v m
bo an ninh. Khu chung c s gp phn lm cho din mo ca x Phong Ph ni
ring v ca huyn Bnh Chnh ni chung ngy cng hin i v pht trin. ng thi
d n cng p ng c nhu cu th ha trc mt v lu di ca huyn.
Ngoi ra, vic trin khai thc hin xy dng c s h tng trc mt s to cng
n vic lm cho mt lng ln lao ng vo cng vic xy dng.
S pht trin ca d n s gp phn y nhanh tc pht trin ca khu th
ny, ng thi ko theo cc iu kin vn ho, tinh thn cng c ci thin trong
45
Trang
mi ngi dn. Trong khu vc d n hin nay, khng c cc di tch lch s hoc cng
trnh vn ho m thut nn khng nh hng n cc iu kin vn ho tinh thn ca
nhn dn trong vng.
nh hng tch cc nht n d n l : d n nm trong khu vc giao thng thun
li (ng thu c h thng sng M Voi, sng Ch m,vvv ... ng b c i l
Nguyn Vn Linh) v thuc khu vc c quy hoch pht trin v h tng, tp trung
nhiu khu chung c cao cp ( chung c Phong Ph khu A, chung c Phong Ph khu
B, chung c Phong Ph khu C, vvv...) v vy y nhanh tc th ho hin i ho
cho a phng.
2.Tc ng tiu cc
Vic tp trung cng nhn trong qu trnh xy dng c th nh hng n giao
thng ti khu vc, gy kh khn cho cng tc qun l ca cc c quan qun l ti a
phng.
Tc ng tiu cc nht ca d n l: khi d n i vo hot ng, vic tp trung
dn c ng ti khu nh s d dn n cc vn v trt t v an ninh x hi nu nh
khng c cc bin php qun l cht ch ca cc n v c chc nng.
46
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CHNG 4. BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA

V NG PH S C MI TRNG
I. KHNG CH NHIM MI TRNG TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG

XY DNG
1. Ting n
Trong khi thi cng cc phng tin my mc gy ting n phi t c ly hp l
trnh nh hng nhiu ti cc b phn lm vic khc trong khu nh. Theo quy nh
nh sau:
- Khu trn btng: mc ting n ln nht khong cch 15 m l 90 dBA. Mc
ting n xa hn c th xc nh bng quy lut c 6 dBA cho 2 ln khong cch.
Nu khu trn btng hot ng trong phn ln thi gian trong ngy th nn b tr t
nht l 150 m cch i tng b nh hng.
Cng tc o t: cc loi my mc nh gu xc, my ko, my i, xe ti c
th gy ra ting n l 90 dBA khong cch 15 m. Nu cc my hot ng cng
lc th n tng ln t 95 98 dBA.
-
- V d n nm trong khu dn c, lng xe lu thng vo cc gi cao im rt ln

nn n v thi cng cn phi hoch nh v iu tit tin thi cng, thi im vn
chuyn t ct, vt liu xy dng phc v cho cng tc thi cng xy dng, trnh gy
n tc giao thng ti khu vc
2. nhim khng kh
gim bt cc tc ng n mi trng khng kh, nhng bin php sau y
c ngh:
-
Phun nc gim bi trong khi thi cng t
- Cc thit b my mc xy dng cn c kim tra thng xuyn m bo iu

kin vn hnh ti u.
Lp tin thi cng tt cng c th gim bt nhim, c th nh sau:
-
Trnh vic hot ng ng thi ca qu nhiu xe, my.
T chc tt vic vn chuyn vt liu, nh trnh vn chuyn vo gi cao im v

che chn cn thn.
-
Vt liu cn c cha trong cc nh kho.
p dng cc bin php thi cng hin i, c gii ha trong vn hnh v ti u ha

qu trnh thi cng.
-
V d n nm trong khu vc dn c nn trong qu trnh thi cng, n v thi cng

phi c cc bin php che chn khu vc xy dng gim thiu cc tc ng t ting
n v bi n khu vc dn c xung quanh.
-
47
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3. nhim mi trng nc
trnh nhim mi trng nc ti cng trng, ni c cc ln tri tm thi
cho cng nhn , phi c nhng quy nh v sinh cht ch, nht l vic x nc thi
v ph thi rn sinh hot.
Cng nhn tham gia thi cng cn c b tr cc ln tri vi cc h thng cp
thot nc m bo v sinh gi gn mi trng sng. Khu ln tri cn phi c
trang b cc thit b v sinh cn thit (nh v sinh, hm t hoi) gim thiu cc
tc ng n mi trng nc v an ton v sinh cho cng nhn. Cc hm t hoi
phi c kch thc ph hp vi s cng nhn trn cng trng. Khi kt thc thi cng
trnh bn s c ht i v cc hm t hoi ny s c san lp. i vi cc khu vc
gn cc ln tri ca cng nhn, phi thng xuyn khai thng cng rnh, cc vng
nc t ng, dit tr mui phng bnh st rt, st xut huyt.
i vi nc thi ra xe ch vt liu xy dng v nc thi trong qu trnh o
mng s c lng s b trc khi x ra ngun.
4. Cht thi rn
Cc loi rc thi cn c qun l cht ch, c th nh:
Khng ch cht thi rn: ch yu l t, ct, , x bn c tp trung ti bi
cha qui nh. nh k cc loi cht thi ny s c vn chuyn n cc bi rc xy
dng ca Thnh ph.
-
- Rc thi sinh hot: c phn loi ring v thu n v v sinh n thu gom trong
ngy khng tn ng gy nhim mi trng.
5. nhim mi trng t
Khi tin hnh cc hot ng xy dng, mi trng t s b tc ng ng k.
gim thiu tc ng i vi mi trng t, ch u t s phi p dng mt s bin
php nh sau:
-
Gim thiu ti a (nu c th) vic o p lm xo trn cc tng th nhng
Khng cc cht nhim nh du m, xng nht chy trn hoc thm vo t
Thu gom nc thi v tp trung cht thi rn x l
Vic x l nn mng phi ng yu cu k thut
II. KHNG CH NHIM KHI D N I VO HOT NG

1. Khng ch nhim nc
D n s xy dng h thng thot nc ma v nc thi sinh hot ring bit.
1.1.Nc ma
Nc ma c thu gom a ra ngun tip nhn l h thng thot nc khu vc
sau khi loi b rc v tch cc tp cht c kch thc ln nh b phn chn rc
u h thng thot nc.
48
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1.2.Nc thi sinh hot: bao gm 2 h thng

H thng thot nc thi bn: thot nc t nh bp ca cc cn h s c a
qua li chn rc tinh vo h thng b tch du trc khi u ni vo h thng x l
nc thi sinh hot ca ton khu nh
-
- H thng thot nc x: thot nc t nh v sinh, tm git ca cc cn hv x

vo h thng thot nc sinh hot chung sau khi x l cc b qua cc b t hoi.
Nc thi sinh hot t cc h gia nh ring l c thu gom v x l s b b x
l t hoi 3 ngn trong tng khi nh.
Nguyn tc hot ng ca b ny l lng cn v phn hy k kh cn lng. Hiu
qu x l theo cht l lng t 65 - 70% v theo BOD5 l 60 - 65%.
49
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V
A TR A
T T
NG
C 75 D A
Y 15
O N G TH O N G H I M A
Hnh
1:
S cu
to b t
hoi
3
ngn
640 0
6 40 0
N A P TH A M
64
40
LA N G
C O 1 14
V TR N A P A N H A M P H A N
C H
A
i = 5%
LO C
1
M A T BA N G HA
M T HO A I
( TL 1:20 )
A N BTC T UC LO
50
C A
C H KHOA
N G 100
A N BTC T DA
Y 70
T
N G XA
Y
G A C H THE
LOC
C H
A
320 0
i = 5%
MA
T C A
T1 - 1
( TL 1:20 )
A N B TC T D A Y 7 0
A N B TC T U 5C0 LO
C A C H K H O A N G 1 0 0
C O 1 1 4
LO C
L A N G
M A T C A T 2 - 2
( TL 1 :2 0 )
50
Trang
Tnh ton dung tch b t hoi

-
Th tch phn lng ca b t hai

WN = q*N*T/1000 = 20*2.928*2/1000 = 117 m3
Trong :
q: tiu chun nc thi tnh trn u ngi/ngy, q = 20L/ngi/ngy
N: s lng ngi phc v, N = 2.928 ngi
T: thi gian lu nc li b t hai, T = 2 ngy
Th tch phn bn:

Wb = a* N* t * (100 - P1) * 0,7 * 1,2/(100 - P2)*1.000
Trong :
a
: tiu chun cn lng cho 1 ngi, a = 0,4 - 0,5 l/ngi. ng
N : dn s, N = 2.928ngi.
t
: thi gian tch ly cn trong b t hoi, t = 180 - 365 ng
0,7 : h s tnh n 30% cn c phn gii

1,2 : h s tnh n 20% cn c gi li trong b t hoi (lng vi khun cn thit
x l cn ti)
P1 : m ca cn ti, P1 = 95%
P2 : m trung bnh ca cn trong b t hoi, P2 = 90%
Wb = 0,4 * 2.928 * 180 * (100 - 95) * 0,7 * 1,2/(100 - 90)*1.000 = 88m3
-
Th tch tng cng ca b t hoi s l:

W = WN + Wb = 117 + 88 = 205m3
Ch u t s c k hoch b tr cc b t hoi sao cho hp l vi tng th tch ln

hn 205 m3.
51
Trang
Nc thi sinh hot sau khi c x l s b 2 b t hoi s c thu gom vo

trm x l nc thi tp trung ca khu nh m bo nc thi sau x l t
tiu chun TCVN 6772:2000 trc khi x ra ngun tip nhn (h thng thot nc
khu vc)
Tnh ton b tch du
B tch du c tnh ton vi lu lng nc thi chim khong 20% tng lng
nc thi sinh hot Q = 20% x 1.000 =200 m3/ngy
Chn vt tc ni ca ht du l u = 0,4 mm/s = 34,56 m/ngy
Din tch b mt b F = Q/u = 200/34,56 = 6m2
Chn chiu di b L = 2 m, chiu rng b B = 3m
Chn chiu cao tng ca b: H = 1.5m
Th tch b V = L x B x H = 2 x 3 x 1.5 = 9m3
Thi gian lu nc T = V/Q = 9 m3 /200 m3/ngy 1,08 gi
B tch du c t ngay trc h thng x l tp trung, nhm loi b thnh phn
du m, cc cn lng (thc phm, xng c) trong thnh phn nc thi t nh
bp cc cn h v nh hng ca trung tm thng mi.
Vi thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi nh phn tch phn trn, Ch u t xy
dng Trm x l nc tp trung vi cng sut 1.000m3/ngy. m, vi s cng
ngh nh sau:
S h thng x l nc thi tp trung ca d n c th hin trong hnh 2.
52
Trang
Nc thi t
nh bp
Nc thi t nh
v sinh
B tch du
B t hoi
B tip nhn
B iu ha
My thi
kh
B Aerotank
B lng
B cha bn
B trung gian
Bn d ht nh
k
B cha
nc sch
Bn lc p
lc
Chlorin
B kh trng
Ch
thch:
bn tun hon
Nc ra lc
Ngun tip nhn

t TCVN
6772:2000 - Mc
I
ng nc thi
ng chm ha cht
ng bn
ng nc ra lc
ng cp kh
Hnh 2: S quy trnh cng ngh x l nc thi sinh hot
53
Trang
Thuyt minh
Nc thi (NT) c chia thnh hai dng: nc thi t vic tm git ca ngi
dn trc khi cho vo h thng x l tp trung s c cho qua li lc rc. Nc
thi t cc hm t hoi 3 ngn v t cc nh bp, nh hng sau khi qua b tch du
theo h thng thot nc ring c dn n b tip nhn c t song chn rc. Song
chn rc c nhim v loi b cc cht hu c c kch thc ln, nh bao ny lng, ng
chch, bng bng, vi vn nhm trnh gy h hi bm hoc tc nghn cc cng
trnh pha sau. Nc thi qua song chn rc c bm qua b iu ho bng h thng
2 bm chm hot ng lun phin. B iu ha c tc dng iu ha lu lng v
nng nc thi, trnh hin tng qu ti vo cc gi cao im, do gip h
thng x l lm vic n nh ng thi gim kch thc cc cng trnh n v tip
sau. Trong b iu ha c b tr 2 bm chm nc thi hot ng lun phin bm
vo b x l sinh hc tip xc. Trong b sinh hc hiu kh kt hp qu trnh bn hot
tnh, cc cht hu c ha tan v khng ha tan chuyn ha thnh bng bn sinh hc qun th vi sinh vt hiu kh - c kh nng lng di tc dng ca trng lc. Nc
thi chy lin tc vo b sinh hc trong kh c a vo cng xo trn vi bn
hot tnh, cung cp oxy cho vi sinh phn hy cht hu c. Di iu kin nh th, vi
sinh sinh trng tng sinh khi v kt thnh bng bn. Hn hp bn hot tnh v
nc thi gi l dung dch xo trn (mixed liquor). Hn hp ny chy n b lng 2.
B lng 2 c nhim v lng v tch bn hot tnh ra khi nc thi. Bn sau khi
lng c hm lng SS = 8.000 mg/L, mt phn s tun hon tr li b sinh hc (2575% lu lng) gi n nh mt cao vi khun to iu kin phn hy nhanh
cht hu c, ng thi n nh nng MLSS = 2000 mg/L. Cc thit b trong b
lng gm ng trung tm phn phi nc, h thng thanh gt bn - motour gim tc v
mng rng ca thu nc. m bn hot tnh dao ng trong khong 98.5 - 99.5%.
Lu lng bn d Qw thi ra mi ngy c ht b nh k.
Nc thi t mng trn, tip tc t chy vo b cha nc trung gian lm nhim
v lu cha v bm nc thi vo Bn lc p lc. Bn lc p lc c chc nng loi
b cc cn l lng sau qu trnh lng, gim mu, c ca nc thi. T bn lc
p lc, nc thi c dn sang b tip xc Clorine. B tip xc c xy dng vi
nhiu vch ngn dng zich-zc nhm xo trn dng chy, tng cng kh nng tip
xc ca nc thi v ha cht kh trng. Chlorine, cht oxy ha mnh thng c
s dng rng ri trong qu trnh kh trng nc thi. Ngoi mc ch kh trng,
chlorine cn c th s dng gim mi. Hp cht chlorine s dng dng bt
calcium hypochloride [Ca(OCl)2]. Hm lng chlorine cn thit kh trng cho
nc sau lng 3 - 15mg/L. Hm lng chlorine cung cp vo nc thi n nh qua
bm nh lng ha cht. Nc thi sau khi kh trng m bo t tiu chun
(TCVN 6772:2000) thi vo h thng thot nc trong khu vc (rch M Voi). Nc
thi sau qu trnh ra lc s tun hon tr li b tip nhn.
B cha bn tip nhn bn d t b lng 2. Nhim v ca b cha bn lm gim
sinh khi ca bn hat tnh, phn nc tch ra t hn hp bn c dn v hm bm
nc thi.
54
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2. Phng n thu gom v x l cht thi rn

2.1. Bin php qun l v thu gom rc sinh hot t cc h gia nh
Vn thu gom rc t cc khu nh cao tng c kin ngh theo hng phn
loi rc ti ngun nh sau:
- Rc thi c phn loi ti mi h dn c. Ti mi h gia nh s c trang b 2
thng cha:
+ Thng cha rc khng ti ch (dung tch 20 30 lt): rc thc phm v cht hu c
d b phn hy
+ Thng cha rc ti ch (dung tch 15 20 lt): nilon, giy, nha, da, cao su,
thy tinh, g, vi, cht thi nguy hi).
Cc thng cha rc c th l thng cha rc c sn xut chuyn dng v c th
d dng phn bit c. Hai thng rc ny ch u t s phn cho cc h gia nh v
s c tnh vo tin dch v ti mi h dn.
- Ti mi tng lu, b tr cc ca thu rc (ca thu rc ti ch v khng ti ch), tip
nhn rc t cc h gia nh mi tng. Rc thi t hai ca thu theo hai ng ng
ring bit c ng knh 500 c lp t dc theo chiu cao ca tng khu nh thu
gom rc t cc tng lu xung kho cha rc thi tng hm ca mi to nh. Ton
khu nh c 2 kho cha rc tng hm. Khi tin hnh quy hoch v thit k chi tit,
ch u t cn phi tnh ton v la chn v tr t kho cha rc tng hm hp l,
thun tin cho vic vn chuyn rc t cc tng cao ca khu nh theo ng ng gen
v khng lm mt v thm m ca khu nh.
- T chc thu gom rc thi hu c ni trong ngy v rc v c 3 ngy/ln bng xe
chuyn dng, a v trm x l tp trung ca Thnh ph (khu x l a Phc Bnh
Chnh) x l trnh tnh trng lu cha rc thi ti kho cha tng hm lu ngy,
pht sinh mi hi thi v cc mm vi sinh gy bnh.
- Ti trung tm thng mi v cc ca hng mua sm, b tr cc thng rc nhng
v tr thch hp, khng nh hng n v m quan ca khu trung tm thng mi.
Nhn vin v sinh ca trung tm s thu gom rc hng ngy v tp trung ti cc xe rc
t tng hm ca khu nh.
- Khi d n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph c a vo s dng, Ban qun l khu
nh phi c nhng ni quy khu nh v vic x, thi, thu gom rc vic phn loi
rc ngay ti khu nh theo ng chnh sch ca thnh ph hin nay.
Lu : Cn c cc du hiu bo trc cho ngi lm vic vi cht thi nguy hi v
cng ng ch ti mi nguy him trc tip hay mi nguy hi c th xy ra t cht
thi nguy hi, nhc nh phi thc hin nhng yu cu an ton khi tip cn vi cht
thi nguy hi hoc ch dn nhng thng tin cn thit khc c quy nh phng
trnh cc ri ro, tai nn cho con ngi v mi trng.
55
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2.2. Bn thi t b t hoi v h thng x l nc thi

Lng bn thi pht sinh khong 12 m3/ngy. Bn lng t b t hoi v bn thi
t cc b lng v b sinh hc c lu cha ti b cha bn ca trm x l nhm lm
gim m ca bn v tch nc. Nc tch bn c tun hon v hm tip nhn.
Phn bn cn di y b c hp ng vi cc n v v sinh thnh ph tin
hnh ht nh k 06 thng/ln.
3. Phng n x l cht thi nguy hi
Khi thu gom rc thi v cht thi rn t khu nh v khi ca hng mua sm,
khi dch v cng cng, n v v sinh phi quan tm n vic phn loi pht hin
v nhn dng u l cht thi nguy hi c bin php qun l, thu gom v x l
thch hp.
Ban Qun l khu nh nn khuyn co cc h gia nh trong qu trnh thu gom,
lu tr, vn chuyn cht thi nguy hi, phi s dng cc du hiu cnh bo, phng
nga. Cc du hiu ny c s dng bo trc cho ngi lm vic vi cht thi
nguy hi v cng ng ch ti mi nguy him trc tip hay mi nguy hi c th xy
ra t cht thi nguy hi, nhc nh phi thc hin nhng yu cu an ton khi tip cn
vi cht thi nguy hi hoc ch dn nhng thng tin cn thit khc c quy nh
phng trnh cc ri ro, tai nn cho con ngi v mi trng.
4. Phng n gim thiu nhim khng kh
Bin php hu hiu nht gim tc ng n mi trng khng kh xung quanh
l bin php quy hoch v qun l.
4.1. Bin php quy hoch
Quy hoch l mt trong nhng bin php rt quan trng trong cng tc gim thiu
tc hi ca d n n mi trng. Trong quy hoch d n, qu t dnh cho cy xanh
v cc cng trnh khc phi ph hp. T chc thc hin trng cy xanh, cy cnh bao
quanh cc ng i ni b ca d n mang li hiu qu thit thc trong vic gim
thiu cc tc ng n mi trng khng kh nh: to bng mt, cm gic mt m cho
ngi dn, ngoi ra cn iu ha khng kh vi kh hu ti khu vc. Cy xanh cn c
tc dng che nng, ht bt bc x mt tri, ht v gi bi, lc sch khng kh, che
chn ting n.
4.2. Bin php qun l
Cc hot ng giao thng ni b ng giao thng gy ra khi v bi c th hn
ch bng cc bin php sau:
V sinh bi cc tuyn ng ni b, bi u xe thng xuyn phun nc khu
vc xung quanh c bit vo thi im nng nng.
-
Ban hnh ni quy ca khu nh , bi u xe, ni quy dnh cho cc loi xe giao
thng ra vo khu nh , khu trung tm thng mi v cc ca hng mua sm. Cc ni
tp trung ng ngi s cm khng cho cc phng tin vn chuyn ra vo trnh nh
hng ca kh thi n hot ng sinh hot hng ngy ca ngi dn.
-
56
Trang
Cc bi u xe tng hm c lp t h thng thng gi bao gm cc qut cp

gi, cc qut thi v h thng ng gi c cc ming cp hoc ht gi, hai qut ny b
tr 2 pha i din nhau. Gi thi d c thi ra ngoi ti tng trt qua cc ca gi
thi b tr xung quanh ng bao.
-
4.3. Khng ch nhim kh thi t my pht in d phng

V hot ng ca my pht in khng thng xuyn, do lu lng kh thi
pht sinh khng nhiu v gin on. Tuy nhin hot ng ca my pht in
khng gy ra cc tc ng n cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh, ch u
t s b tr chp ht, ng ng dn v qut ht ti v tr t my pht in d phng,
a kh thi n thp hp th x l phn kh gy c hi v thot ra ngoi mi trng
khng kh bn ngoi qua ng khi.
Tnh s lc chiu cao ng khi nh sau:
-
Cmax: nng SO2 cho php trong khng kh xung quanh. Vi khu dn c: Cmax =
0,35 mg/m3 do lu lng thi khng lin tc.
-
M: ti lng nhim c tnh khong: M = 0,25 g/s
V: Lu lng kh thi, V = 0,5 m3/s.
- F: h s v th nguyn tnh n vn tc lng cht nhim trong kh quyn. i

vi cht nhim th kh F = 1.
-
T: hiu nhit kh thi Tk = 60oC v kh quyn Tkk = 35oC T = 25oC.
- m,n = 1: cc h s v th nguyn tnh n iu kin thot kh thi t c ng

khi.
- A: h s ph thuc s phn b nhit theo chiu cao kh quyn, c chn cho
iu kin kh tng nguy him. Trong tnh ton chn A = 200.
-
Chiu cao ng khi:

H=
A.M .F .m.n
200 0, 25 111
=
= 12m
3
Cmax V .T
0,5 3 0,5 25
Ta nh c chiu cao < 100m, vi tng s tng l 25 tng. Ch d n cn b tr

ng khi v tr thch hp, nhng khu vc k thut ring, cch xa khu vc nh ,
trnh cc nh hng nh (kh thi t ming ng khi, ting n), ming ng khi
phi cui hng gi ch o ca khu vc, sao cho ming ng khng nhm vo cc
cn h cc tng lu, gy nh hng n sinh hot ca ngi dn.
Chnh v vy, trong qu trnh thit k chi tit v tin hnh thi cng lp t, ch d
n cn phi xem xt k iu kin t nhin, hng gi ch o ti khu vc d n, la
57
Trang
chn v tr lp t ng khi m bo yu cu k thut, an ton trnh gy nh hng

chnh t hot ng ca cc my mc thit b v cng trnh ph tr
4.4. Khng ch nhim kh thi v mi t bp nu n
Trong qu trnh nu n c s dng gas, do kh nng pht sinh khi thi khng
nhiu m lng khi pht sinh ra t qu trnh nu thc n. khng ch lng khi
ny ban qun l khch sn cn phi p dng cc bin php sau:
B tr h thng chp ht v a lng kh ny ra ngoi theo ng ng
khi. C bin php thng thong ti nh nu n.
-
Hn ch ti a du m chy kht
Khng s dng du n nu li nhiu ln
i vi mi nu n s dng my ht khi v kh mi khi bp vi cc

chc nng nh sau: trit tiu dioxid carbon, loi c cht trong gas, mi thc
n, lc khng kh, bo v sc khe, mi trng, hn ch h hng cc vt
trang tr ni tht cao cp. Loi my ht khi v kh mi bng hai phng
php. Loi my c mng lc bng than hot tnh lc khi, kh mi dng cho
nh bp khng th thit k ng thi ra ngoi. Khi hot ng, my s ht khi
c ln mi i qua mng lc lc khi, mi sau tr li khng kh sch cho
bp. C loi ch c qut ht ht khi, mi thi ra ngoi tri.
-
4.5. nhim ting n

Ngun n khi d n i vo hot ng ch yu pht sinh t nh t my thit b v
cch m vi mi trng xung quanh bng cch trang b cc hng tiu m cho ming
cp v ht gi, tiu m cho khu vc phng my. Phn ng khi s c dn ra ngoi
mc cao ca tng k thut 2 (trn mc tng trt l 8m).
Cc my mc thit b pht sinh n ca h thng x l nc thi (my thi kh, bn
lc) c tp trung v t trong nh iu hnh ca trm x l. H thng cc b
c xy dng t ngm ti khu vc, ring nh iu hnh c xy dng trn mt t
v cch m vi khu vc xung quanh.
4.6. nhim mi
H thng cc b x l nc thi c xy dng np an t ngm ti tng hm,
lp t h thng ng thng hi, qut ht. Ton b lng kh thi v mi hi pht sinh
trong cc b s c thu gom theo ng ng thng hi dn ra bn ngoi.
hn ch nh hng ca mi hi n mi trng khng kh xung quanh, ch
u t s quan tm n cng tc vn hnh v qun l qu trnh hot ng ca trm x
l. C th nh sau:
Thng xuyn kim tra v bo qun h thng phn phi kh v sc kh
cc b iu ha, b Aerotank duy tr iu kin hiu kh, gim thiu vic
pht sinh cc kh gy mi H2S, NH3
-
58
Trang
Kim tra ch bm nc thi ti cc b cha, b tip nhn, m

bo thi gian lu nc ca cc b, trnh xy ra tnh trng phn hy k kh
cc b
-
V tr xy dng v lp t trm x l nc thi, ch u t cn tng

din tch trng cy xanh, cy xanh s hp th mt phn mi mi, ngn nga v
gim thiu cc nh hng ca mi hi n mi trng xung quanh
-
5. Phng chy cha chy

Ton b h thng phng chy cha chy ca d n s c thit lp v xin ph
duyt ti Phng Cnh St Phng chy Cha chy Cng an thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Ngoi cc tr cp nc phng chy cha chy, d n s c b tr cc ng dy cha
chy ti cc tng ca cc ta nh, ng thi cc bnh cha chy chuyn dng s c
t nhiu ni thun tin cho vic phng chy cha chy ca ton khu. m bo c
phng tin pht hin v bo chy ph hp, hiu qu.
Thit lp cc h thng bo chy t ng, n tn hiu v thng tin tt,
cc thit b v phng tin phng chy hiu qu
-
Trang b h thng cha chy gm bnh cha chy bng nc p lc cao

v cc bnh bt ha cht, bnh CO2 t ti cu thang mi tng ca ta nh.
-
H thng in ton khu v h thng in mi tng phi c m bo

an ton tuyt i, c thit k hp l, c tnh n kh nng ngn nga to ra
chy, n lan rng.
-
S dng vt liu, cu kin c mc chu la ph hp vi qui m v cng

nng cng trnh.
m bo li thot an ton v kp thi cho mi ngi ang bn trong
cng trnh.
-
Bc chu la ca cng ty : bc 1
Bng 20 : Bc chu la ca chung c bc 1
B phn cng trnh
Thi gian chu la ti thiu (pht)
Ct, tng chu lc, tng lng thang
150
Cu kin chu la ca sn
60
Cu kin chu la ca mi
30
Tng bao che, tng ngn
30
Cu thang
60
Ngoi ra, phi p ng cc yu cu v bin bo ch dn thot nn, chiu

sng khn cp v khng ch khi.
-
59
Trang
Thi gian thot him cho cc cn h xa nht ti v tr thot an ton c

tnh ton ti a l 20 pht. Thang my c thit k c ring bung thang
thot nn, trong khng b tr cc h thng dn kh t, dn hi, h thng
in, tr h thng in chiu sng bung thang my.
-
Tin hnh kim tra v sa cha nh k cc h thng c th gy chy
n.
T chc v hun luyn thng xuyn cc i phng chy cha chy ca
tng khu ph nhm hn ch trit thit hi khi c s c xy ra. Hng nm,
Ban Qun l D n s ngh cc h dn tp trung v mi cc chuyn gia v
phng chy cha chy v tp hun cc bin php phng chy cha chy.
-
Hng dn ngi dn thc hin cc bin php an ton v PCCC.
6. H thng chng st
To nh s c bo v bng h thng chng st nh sau:
Kim thu st:
Kim thu st l loi kim thu st phng in sm. Kim thu st s c lp
t trn ct thu st t ti v tr cao nht ca to nh.
-
Dy dn thot st:
Dy dn thot st nhm mc ch tn dng st, dy dn thot st c
la chn l dy ng trn 70mm2 ni lin kim thu st v t hp tip a.
-
Tip a cho h thng chng st:
H thng cc tip a v s lin kt t hp cc tip a c thit k

ph hp vi b tiu chun thit k quc gia TCVN 46-84
-
Sau khi thi cng xong bi tip t in tr phi t <10 .

7. Trng cy xanh trong khun vin khu nh
Bin php trng cy xanh ng vai tr rt quan trng trong vic iu ho khng
kh, ci thin cc iu kin vi kh hu trong khun vin d n. Cy xanh c tc dng
rt ln trong vic hn ch nhim khng kh nh ht, gi bi, lc sch khng kh,
gim n, gim nhit khng kh. Ngoi ra mt s cy xanh rt nhy vi nhim
khng kh cho nn c th dng cy xanh lm vt ch th nhm pht hin cht nhim
khng kh.
hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc n mi trng t nhin, ng thi lm tng
thm v m quan, d n s quy hoch hng ro cy xanh v tng s lng cy trng
trong khun vin vi t l din tch cy xanh trn tng din tch t 15 20%.
8. Mt s bin php h tr
Ngoi cc gii php k thut v cng ngh l ch yu v c tnh cht quyt nh
gim nh cc ngun gy nhim, cc bin php h tr sau y cng c th lm
gim mc nhim mi trng v phng nga s c:
60
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Gio dc thc gi gn v sinh mi trng cho ton th dn c trong

khu vc. Thc hin thng xuyn v c khoa hc cc chng trnh v sinh khu
nh, t chc tt mng li y t v qun l cht ch cc ngun gy nhim.
n c, gio dc ngi dn thc hin cc quy nh v an ton in.
Phng chng chy n kt hp vi cc bin php thng pht thch ng vi
cc c nhn khng tun th cc quy nh v bo v mi trng v phng
chng chy n ban hnh.
Phi to c thc tc phong cho mi c nhn s dng in khi kt
thc cng tc ca mnh bn trong nh, vn phng, lun lun kim tra ngt
cu dao in sau khi s dng cc thit b in, h thng in.
III. TRCH NHIM GIM ST CHT LNG MI TRNG KHI D N
NGHIM THU
thc hin tt cc bin php x l mi trng theo cc tiu chun mi trng
ca Vit Nam, ch u t cam kt trong bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
Ch u t phi thc hin ng cc tiu chun x thi ca nc thi, kh thi v rc
thi sinh hot cam kt ng thi phi c s theo di gim st ca cc c quan qun
l ca nh nc hoc ban qun l ca khu cng nghip.
1. Trch nhim ca ch u t:
Tr chi ph cho vic gim st cht lng mi trng nh k theo hng nm. i
vi mi trng khng kh (1 nm 2 ln, v tr gim st ti 2 im bi u xe v ng
giao thng ni b ). Mi trng nc thi(1 nm 4 ln, v tr gim st ti u ra ca
khu x l nc thi). Mi trng nc mt ( 1 nm 2 ln, v tr gim st: cch im
x 100 v pha thng ngun). Cht thi rn sinh hot phi thu cng ty mi trng
thi huyn Bnh Chnh thc hin thu gom.
Khc phc cc s c trong qu trnh x l nc thi ch u t u phi chu
trch nhim v chu chi ph.
Khi ch u t khng thc hin ng cc tiu chun x thi nh cam kt th b
x pht theo lut mi trng ca Vit Nam.
Nu ch u t chuyn nhng hay bn d n cho ch u t khc th ngi c
chuyn nhng hay mua u phi thay th ch u t trc thc hin cc trch nhim
nh nu trn.
2. Trch nhim ca ban qun l chung c:
Vn hnh trm x l nc thi ca chung c t tiu chun 6772:2000 (mc I).
Bo co cc s c c th xy ra ln Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh Nh
INTRESCO ch u t a ra cc bin php khc phc
61
Trang
CHNG 5. CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG

Trong giai on thi cng xy dng D n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph Khu B
ch u t (Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh Nh INTRESCO) cam kt cc
ngun thi (nc thi, rc thi sinh hot, rc xy dng, ting n, kh thi) c
kim sot cht ch, nng cc cht nhim pht thi vo mi trng t tiu chun
hin hnh sau:
Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi t tiu chun mi trng
TCVN 6772-2000 (Mc I)
-
Nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh t tiu chun mi trng

TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5938-2005, TCVN 5948-2005
-
ng thi ch d n phi quan tm n cng tc m bo an ton lao

ng cho cng nhn trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng
-
Sau khi D n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph Khu B i vo hot ng, chng ti

cam kt cc ngun thi c kim sot cht ch, nng cc cht nhim pht thi
vo mi trng t theo ng tiu chun hin hnh c th:
Nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi t tiu chun mi trng
TCVN 6772-2000
Nng cc cht nhim trong khng kh t tiu chun mi trng
TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5938-2005, TCVN 5948-2005
-
Ch d n phi thit lp chng trnh phng chng chy n t tiu

chun v PCCC TCVN 2622-78 Tiu chun phng chy cha chy cho nh
v cng trnh.
Ch u t s trin khai ng b cc bin php x l nhim mi trng, c cn
b o to qun l vn hnh ng k thut, bit t gim st hiu qu x l v iu
chnh ph hp bo m cc ch tiu mi trng u ra t tiu chun quy nh.
Trong qu trnh d n i vo hot ng, nu c yu t mi trng no pht sinh,
chng ti s trnh bo ngay vi c quan qun l mi trng a phng x l ngay
ngun nhim ny.
Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh Nh INTRESCO cam kt hon ton chu
trch nhim trc php lut Vit Nam, nu vi phm cc cng c quc t v cc tiu
chun Vit Nam v xy ra cc s c gy nhim mi trng nghim trng.
62
Trang
CHNG 6. CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH

QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG
I.
CNG TRNH X L NC THI

Bng 21: Cc thng s la chn thit k tnh ton h thng x l nc thi
Tn cng trnh
Thng s tnh ton
n v
B tip nhn
Cha v bm nc thi
Th tch hu ch
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
300m3
8gi
6 x 5x10 (m)
24.000
B tach du
Tach du m
Vt liu: Btng ct
thep
Th tich hu ich
8m3
Thi gian lu nc
1gi
Kich thc xy dng

LxBxH
3 x 2 x 3 (m)
600.000
B iu ho
iu ho lu lng
nc thi
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
300m3
8gi
6 x 5 x 10(m)
600.000
B Aeroten
X l sinh hc hiu kh
nc thi
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Gi tr
(1.000)
600.000
Th tch hu ch
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
Ti trng COD
T s F/M
300m3
6 x 5 x 10(m)
Kg COD/
m3.ngy
-
Thi gian lu nc
63
8gi
Trang
162.000
B lng 2
Lng cn bn hot tnh
Th tch hu ch 1 b
81m3
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Thi gian lu nc
1/2gi
Kch thc xy dng

DxH (2 b)
4 x 2 x10 (m)
162.000
B trung gian
Cha v bm nc thi
Th tch hu ch
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
81m3
30pht
4 x 2 x 10(m)
60.000 x 2
Bn lc p lc
Cha v bm nc thi
ng knh D
Chiu cao ct p
1,5m m
2,7m
162.000
B kh trng
Kh trng nc thi
Th tch hu ch
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Thi gian lu nc
Kch thc xy dng
LxBxH
81m3
1/2pht
4x2x10(m)
54.000
B cha bn
Cha bn ht nh k
Th tch hu ch
Vt liu: Btng ct
thp
Kch thc xy dng

LxBxH
64
12m3
3 x 3 x 3(m)
Trang
Bng 22: Thng s k thut ca my mc thit b

STT
Phn thit b
n v
S
lng
Song chn th, inox STS 304
Bm nh lng ho cht, 60 l/h, 0,2 KW,

BLUEWHITE - M
Thng ho cht 1,5 m3, PVC
Bm nc thi trong b tip nhn, Q= 30 m3/h, H=

10 m, N= 2,2 KW, EBARA
Bm nc thi trong b iu ha, Q= 30m3/h, H= 10

m, N= 2,2 KW, EBARA
Bm nc thi trong b trung gian, Q = 20 m3/h, H =

10 m, N=2,2 KW, EBARA
My thi kh b sinh hc Q = 14,5 m3/ph, N = 16,5

kW, P = 5000 mmAq, Anklet, Nht.
My thi kh b iu ho Q = 5 m3/ph, N = 4 kW, P =

5000 mmAq, Anklet, Nht.
10
H thng phn phi kh
11
Moter, thanh gt bn B lng 0.03 v/p, 0.75 kW, Nht
12
Moter khuy ha cht + hp gim tc 100-150v/p,

1Hp, TECO, i Loan
b8
13
H thng gt bn b lng
14
Mng rng ca thu nc, ng trung tm b lng,
15
Bm bn d v bn tun hon Q = 33 m3/h, H= 9,5

m, N = 1,5 kW, EBARA -
65
Trang
16
H thng valve kho ng ng k thut,
17
Bn hot tnh
Tn
12
18
H thng in iu khin, t in
II. CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

Vic quan trc, gim st cht lng mi trng l mt trong nhng chc nng
quan trng ca cng tc qun l cht lng mi trng v l mt trong nhng phn
quan trng ca cng tc nh gi tc ng mi trng.
D n thc hin cng tc gim st nhm vo nhng mt chnh sau y:
A. Giam sat trong qua trnh xay dng
Chng trnh giam sat se c tien hanh ngay khi d an
bat au thc hien. Trong giai oan xay dng, viec giam
sat nham cac muc ch:
Giam sat ve sinh moi trng va cac benh truyen
nhiem cong trng
am bao he thong c s ha tang xay dng ung yeu
cau ky thuat thiet ke
Chng trnh giam sat
Thong so chon loc: on, bui
a iem at v tr giam sat: khu vc thi cong xay dng
trong d an, cac khu vc dan c xung quanh d an theo
hng gio.
Tan so thu mau va phan tch: 2 lan (mua ma, mua
kho)
Thiet b thu mau: Thiet b tieu chuan
Tieu chuan so sanh: TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5949-1995
B Gim st trong qu trnh hot ng.
1. Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh
Gim st cc ch tiu : n, bi, CO, NO2, SO2,H2S,NH3, nhit , m.
V tr gim st: 02 im (c ly cc khu vc sau: 1 im ng giao thng
ni b, 1 im bi u xe).
66
Trang
Tn sut gim st: 06 thng/ln.

Tiu chun so snh: TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5938 2005, TCVS
3733/2002/Q-BYT
2. Gim st cht lng nc thi
Gim st cc ch tiu: pH, BOD, COD, SS, Tng Nit, Tng pht pho, Tng
coliform
V tr gim st: 01im, 1 im ti v tr cng x nc u ra ca trm x l nc
thi tp trung.
Tn sut gim st: 03 thng/ln
Tiu chun so snh: TCVN 6772:2000 (Mc I)
3. Gim st cht lng nc ngm
Gim st cc ch tiu : pH, COD, SS, st tng, mu, cng tng cng, Cl-, Mn
V tr gim st: 01 im, ti ging khoan cp nc trong khu vc d n
Tiu chun so snh: TCVN 5944-1995.
4. Gim st cht lng mi trng nc mt
Gim st cc ch tiu : pH, COD, Tng Nit, Tng pht pho, Tng coliform, Cl-,
N-ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate.
V tr gim st: ti khu vc sng M Voi cch im x 100 v pha thng ngun.
Tiu chun so snh: TCVN 5942-2005.
5. Cc yu t khc
Ngoi vic gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh v cht lng nc ti khu
vc d n, cc yu t sau y s c gim st:
-
Yu t vi kh hu: cng chiu sng, nhit , m, tc gi.
Hiu qu lm vic ca cc cng trnh x l cht thi sau khi lp t.
Tnh hnh qun l cht thi rn.
Cc s liu gim st nhim chng ti s thng xuyn cp nht ho ti n v v

gi bo co n S Ti nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM. Nu c pht sinh nhim,
chng ti s c bin php ngn chn v x l kp thi, tuyt i khng nh hng
n mi trng v dn c xung quanh.
6. Chi ph gim st cht lng mi trng
Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh
4 v tr x 2ln/nm x 3.000.000 ng/v tr/ln = 24.000.000 ng
67
Trang
Gim st cht lng mi trng nc ngm

2 v tr x 2 ln/nm x 3.000.000 ng/v tr/ln =12.000.000 ng
Gim st cht lng mi trng nc mt
Gim st cht lng nc thi
Tng chi ph gim st khong 88.000.000 ng/nm.
7. Cc bin php h tr
Ngoi cc gii php k thut v cng ngh l ch yu c tnh cht quyt nh
lm gim nh cc nhim gy ra cho con ngi v mi trng, cc bin php h tr
cng gp phn hn ch nhim v ci to mi trng:
Gio dc thc v sinh mi trng v v sinh cng nghip trong khu
nh . Thc hin thng xuyn v c khoa hc cc chng trnh v sinh, qun
l cht thi trong khu nh .
Dn dn thc hin vic hon thin v ci to li sng nhm hn ch
nhim, trnh s dng nhiu cc nguyn liu v ha cht c hi
Cng vi cc b phn khc trong khu vc ny, tham gia thc hin cc
k hoch hn ch ti a cc cht nhim, bo v mi trng theo cc quy nh
v hng dn chung ca cc cp chuyn mn v thm quyn ca S Ti
Nguyn v Mi trng Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
n c v gio dc cc h dn trong khu nh thc hin cc quy nh
v an ton lao ng, phng chng chy n. Thc hin vic kim tra sc khe,
kim tra y t nh k.
68
Trang
CHNG 7. D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG

I. PHN XY DNG
Bng 23: Bng khi ton kinh ph phn xy dng
STT
Tn cng trnh
n
v
Th tch
(m3)
n gi
Thnh tin
(1000)
B tip nhn
m3
300
2.000.000
600.000
B iu ho
m3
300
2.000.000
600.000
B Aeroten
m3
300
2.000.000
600.000
B lng 2
m3
81
2.000.000
162.000
B trung gian
m3
81
2.000.000
162.000
Bn lc p lc
m3
2 ci
120.000
B kh trng
m3
81
2.000.000
162.000
B cha bn
m3
12
2.000.000
54.000
Nh t thit b
nh
50.000.000
50.000
10
B tach du
m3
2.000.000
24.000
Cng (1)
2.534.000
II. PHN THIT B

Bng 26: Bng khi ton kinh ph phn thit b
STT
Phn thit b
n
v
Sl
n gi
Thnh tin
(1.000)
Song chn th, inox STS 304
7.000.000
7.000
Bm nh lng ho cht, 60
l/h, 0,2 KW, BLUEWHITE
M
10.000.000
20.000
Thng ho cht 1,5 m3, PVC
3.000.000
3.000
69
Trang
Bm nc thi trong b tip

nhn, Q= 30 m3/ h, H= 10 m, N=
3 HP,EBARA
40.000.000
80.000
Bm nc thi trong b iu
ha, Q= 30 m3/h, H= 10 m, N= 3
HP, EBARA
40.000.000
80.000
Bm nc thi b trung gian Q

= 30 m3/h, H = 10 m, N =2,2
KW, EBARA ITALI
25.000.000
50.000
My thi kh b sinh hc Q =
14,5 m3/ph, N =16,5kW, H =
5000 mmAq Anlet, Nht.
50.000.000
100.000
My thi kh b iu ho Q =
2,7 m3/ph, N = 1,5 kW, H =
5000 mmAq Anlet, Nht.
40.000.000
80.000
10
H thng phn phi kh
30.000.000
30.000
11
Moter, thanh gt bn B lng

0.03 v/p, 0.75 kW, Nht
15.000.000
15.000
12
H thng gt bn b lng
10.000.000
10.000
13
Mng rng ca thu nc, ng

trung tm b lng,
10.000.000
10.000
14
Bm bn d v bn tun hon Q
= 15 m3/h, H= 9,5 m, N= 1,5kW,
EBARA
15.000.000
30.000
15
H thng valve kho ng ng

k thut,
20.000.000
20.000
16
Bn hot tnh
Tn
6.000.000
30.000
17
H thng in iu khin, t
in
30.000.000
30.000
70
Trang
71
Cng (2)
595.000
Tng cng
(1) + (2)
3.129.000
Trang
CHNG 8. THAM VN KIN CNG NG

I. KIN CA Y BAN NHN DN CP XA
- y ban Nhn dn x Phong Ph tn thnh vic xy dng Khu chung c cao cp
Phong Ph ti a phng gp phn y nhanh qu trnh th ho, hin i ho ti
khu vc, ng gp qu phc li x hi, tng ngun thu ngn sch, vvv tuy nhin
Ch u t phi thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng.
(nh km phn ph lc)
II. KIN CA Y BAN MT TRN T QUC CP XA
- y ban Mt trn T quc x Phong Ph tn thnh mc ch xy dng ca Ch u
t nu ph hp vi quy hoch chung c duyt.
(nh km phn ph lc)
72
Trang
CHNG 9. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG PHP

NH GI
I. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU
Cc ti liu v s liu v vi tri ia ly, iu kin t nhin, kinh t x hi,
dn c, y t, giao duc va hin trng mi trng ti khu vc thc hin bo co
TM.
-
Cc s liu o c, kho st v mi trng nc, khng kh, cht thi

rn, tai v tr khu vc d kin xy dng d n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph
Khu B, x Phong Ph, huyn Bnh Chnh, thnh ph H Ch Minh, Vit
Nam.
-
nhim khng kh TS inh Xun Thng H Quc gia TP.HCM Vin Mi trng v Ti nguyn (CEFINEA) NXB i hc Quc gia
TP.HCM.
-
Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi, TS Trnh Xun Lai,

Cng ty t vn cp thot nc s 2, nm 1999.
-
Phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng TS L Trnh, NXB i

hc Quc gia TP.HCM.
-
H s bn v thit k D n Chung c cao cp Phong Ph Khu B.
II. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM

Cc phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng c s dng trong bo co bao
gm:
So snh: da vo kt qu kho st, o c ti hin trng, kt qu phn
tch trong phng th nghim v kt qu tnh ton theo l thuyt so snh vi tiu
chun Vit Nam nhm xc nh cht lng mi trng ti khu vc d an.
nh gi nhanh: nhm c tnh ti lng cht nhim sinh ra trong qu
trnh hot ng ca nh my theo h s nhim do t chc Y t Th gii thit
lp.
-
Phn tich li ich-chi phi nhm la chon phng phap va cng ngh x
ly cac cht nhim phu hp vi nng lc tai chinh cua cng ty nhng vn am
bao xa ra ngun tip nhn theo tiu chun Vit Nam.
Cc phng php s dng trong qu trnh lp bo co TM cho Khu chung c
cao cp Phong Ph l chnh xc, hp l, c c s khoa hc v ng tin cy.
III. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI
Cc d bo, nh gi v cc tc ng n mi trng c trnh by trong
Chng 3 v Chng 4 cho thy
73
Trang
Cc d bo, nh gi tc ng, cc ri ro v s c mi trng c kh

nng xy ra ca d n n mi trng c phn tch n tng giai on ca
d n, trnh b st cc tc ng trong giai on d n i vo s dng.
Cc ngun gy nhim (khng kh, nc, cht thi rn) c phn
tch rt r rng, chi tit. V vy, mc nhim v mc tc ng ca d n
c phn tch, nh gi rt c th, chi tit nh: tc ng do bi, mi hi, tc
ng do nc thi, tc ng do ting n v nhit cao, tc ng do cht thi
rn v cht thi nguy hi
-
74
Trang
KT LUN V KIN NGH

1. Kt lun
1.1 V mt php l
-
D n ph hp vi quy hoch chung ca Thnh ph.
V mc tiu u t ca d n ph hp vi ch trng pht trin nh cho

ngi dn ti nh c v vic gin dn t ni th.
-
D n ph hp vi nh hng pht trin ca thnh ph.
1.2 V mt hiu qu kinh t x hi

-
D n to ra li nhun cho ch u t
D n ng gp mt phn ngn sch thng qua thu
D n gp phn y mnh tc th ha ca huyn Bnh Chnh.
D n gp phn gia tng qu nh
Bn cnh nhng li ch, tc ng tch cc, hot ng xy dng v a d n i

vo s dng s gy ra cc tc ng tiu cc n cht lng mi trng t, nc,
khng kh v cng ng dn c. Cc tc ng trong giai on san nn v thi cng xy
dng ch mang tnh cht tm thi v xy ra trong thi gian ngn. Cc tc ng trong
thi gian khu nh c a vo s dng c tnh cht quan trng hn nhiu.
Vi cc bin php gim thiu tc ng tiu cc c trnh by trong chng 4 v
quyt tm thc hin cc bin php ny trong thc t, cc tc ng xu n cht lng
mi trng s c gim thiu n mc chp nhn c v hot ng ca d n s
mang li nhng li ch thit thc cho x hi
2. Kin ngh
Vi nhng li ch v kinh t x hi thit thc ca D n Chung c cao cp Phong
Ph Khu B, ch u t Cng ty C phn u t Kinh doanh Nh INTRESCO
knh ngh S Ti Nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM xem xt v ph duyt bo co
TM lm c s php l d n sm i vo hot ng, p ng nhu cu nh v
sinh hot ngy cng cao ca nhn dn, gp phn pht trin kinh t - x hi ca huyn
Bnh Chnh.
75
Trang
PHN PH LC
PH LC 1 : CC TIU CHUN MI TRNG P DNG
PH LC 2 : KT QU PHN TCH MU
PH LC 3 : KIN XC NHN CA UBND X V UBMTTQ X
PHONG PH, H. BNH CHNH, TP.HCM
PH LC 4:
CC VN BN PHP L
PH LC 5:
BN V K THUT LIN QUAN N HOT NG CA

D N.
76
Trang

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CNG TY C PHN U T KINH DOANH NH INTRESCO

TP.HCM, THNG 03/2008

CNG TY C PHN U T KINH DOANH NH INTRESCO

Trng Minh Thun

Nguyn Tun Anh

S Ti nguyn v Mi trng TP.HCM xc nhn Bo co nh gi tc

1.3. Ting n.......................................................................................................32

4.2. Bin php qun l........................................................................................56

DANH MC CC BNG BIU

Bng 4: Bang quy hoch Chung c t tng 14 n tng 15........................................14

DANH MC CC THUT NG VIT TT

: B Khoa Hc Cng Ngh V Mi Trng

: Nhu cu oxy sinh ha

: Cht thi nguy hi

: Phng chy cha chy

: Khu cng nghip

: Tiu Chun Vit Nam

: Tiu Chun Xy dng

: Thng t B Ti Nguyn Mi Trng

: Cng ty Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh

CHXHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005.

Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh Ph v vic Quy

nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v Mi trng.

Ngh nh s 81/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh Ph v X pht vi

b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 67/2003/N-CP ngy 13/06/2003 ca

th v khu cng nghip.

Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi

nguyn v Mi trng v vic Bt buc p dng tiu chun Vit Nam v mi

Quyt nh s 23/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B trng B Ti

T chc thc hin

: ThS. NGUYN TUN ANH Chc v : Gim c

: 207/81 Nguyn Vn u, Qun Bnh Thnh, TP.HCM

in thoi : (84.8) 5150181, Fax: 84.8) 8114594

Tham gia thc hin bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n c cc

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

2. KS. Trnh nh Thao

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

4. KS. Li Minh Tin

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

5. KS. Nguyn Th Hoa

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

6. KS. Nguyn Th Kim Xuyn Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh;

Cng ty TNHH Mi trng Tm Nhn Xanh.

a ch lin h: 18 Nguyn Bnh Khim, Phng a Kao, Qun 1, Tp. HCM.

III. A IM THC HIN D N

: Giap vi Khu A d n chung c Phong Ph

Pha Nam : Giap vi ng s 1

: Giap vi Khu C d n chung c Phong Ph, rch M Voi.

2. Hin trng c s h tng ca d n

Dn s hin hu l khng c do khu t c gii phng n b hon

Hin trng ton b l t trng c san lp.

Hin trng giao thng

Giao thng i ngoi: Tuyn i l Nguyn Vn Linh c l gii theo quy

ng D1 l gii 20m (4m 12m 4m) san lp v tri cp phi dm

Hin trng san nn:

a hnh khu vc c san nn hon chnh theo quy hoch Khu dn c

Hin trng h thng thot nc mt:

Khu vc quy hoch thot nc mt theo tuyn cng thot nc mt 1200

Hin trng h thng thot nc bn:

Khu vc quy hoch thot nc bn theo tuyn cng thot nc bn 300

Hin trng v sinh mi trng:

Khu vc d kin xy dng hin nay cha c dn c v c san lp do