B GIO DC V O TO I HC NNG LM TP.

H CH MINH

NH GI CNG TC TUYN DNG V O TO NHN VIN TI NH MY SA CHA V NG TU SI GN

NGUYN TH XUN HI

KHA LUN TT NGHIP

NHN BNG C NHN NGNH QUN TR KINH DOANH

Thnh ph H Ch Minh Thng 07/2008

Hi ng chm bo co kha lun tt nghip i hc Khoa Kinh T, trng i Hc Nng Lm Thnh Ph H Ch Minh xc nhn kha lun nh Gi Cng Tc Tuyn Dng V o To Nhn Vin Ti Nh My Sa Cha V ng Tu Si Gn do Nguyn Th Xun Hi, sinh vin kha 30, ngnh Qun Tr Kinh Doanh, bo v thnh cng trc hi ng vo ngy_______________ .

Nguyn Vit Sn Gio vin hng dn,

___________________________ Ngy thng nm

Ch tch hi ng chm bo co

Th k hi ng chm bo co

____________________________ Ngy thng nm

_______________________________ Ngy thng nm

LI CM T
Li cm n u tin cho php ti c ni l vi ba m v gia nh ti. Nhng ngi sinh thnh, nui dng, chm lo dy bo ti t khi cn b cho n lc trng thnh. Con xin cm n ba m ng vin con trong thi gian qua, gip con n lc hn v to mi iu kin con c th hon thnh tt kha lun ny. Bn nm hc tri qua l khong thi gian khng di nhng cng khng ngn ti trang b cho mnh mt phn vn kin thc trn gh ging ng i hc trc khi tht s bc vo i. i vi ti, c c nhng kin thc y i hi phi c s n lc hc tp v s hng dn nhit tnh t cc ging vin ca Trng i Hc Nng Lm TP.HCM c bit l cc ging vin khoa Kinh T, nhng ngi khng ngng a ra nhng phng php ging dy khc nhau sinh vin chng ti c th tip thu cng nh ng dng c nhng kin thc y vo Kha Lun Tt Nghip ca mnh v sau ny c th p dng tt nhng kin thc vo trong thc t. Tri qua hn ba thng lm vic mit mi v nghim tc, gi y Kha Lun Tt Nghip ca ti c hon tt. ti c th hon thnh kha lun ny th thy Nguyn Vit Sn, ngi thy lun tn tnh hng dn v sa cha nhng sai st cho d l nh nht nht t khi kha lun cn l mt cng chi tit cho n khi hon chnh nh by gi. ng thi thy cng a ra nhng kin ng gp chn thnh gip ti c nhng nh hng ng n v bi kha lun ca mnh. Ti xin gi n thy li cm n chn thnh v su sc t tn y lng mnh. Cui cng, ti cng mong mun by t li cm n n Ban Gim c, cc C Ch v cc Anh Ch cc phng ban thuc nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn nhit tnh gip ti trong qu trnh tm hiu cng tc tuyn dng v o to thc t ca nh my cng nh vic thu thp nhng s liu cn thit.

NI DUNG TM TT
NGUYN TH XUN HI. Thng 06 nm 2008. nh Gi Cng Tc Tuyn Dng V o To Nhn Vin Ti Nh My Sa Cha V ng Tu Si Gn. NGUYEN THI XUAN HAI. June 2008. Assess Recruitment And Training Employee Task At Saigon Shipyard Ltd. Kha lun thc hin nh gi s b tnh hnh doanh thu, li nhun v c cu lao ng ca nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. Sau tin hnh tm hiu cng tc tuyn dng ca nh my thng qua vic nghin cu v quy trnh tuyn dng, chi ph cho tuyn dng, cc ngun tuyn dng v tnh hnh tuyn dng thc t ca nh my trong nm 2007. ng thi kha lun thc hin kho st kin ca nhn vin v mc hi lng ca h i vi nh my cng nh nhu cu v o to v cc kha o to do nh my t chc m h tham gia. Thng qua , kha lun a ra nhng nhn xt, phn tch v mt s gii php nhm hon thin hn cho cng tc tuyn dng v o to ca nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn.

MC LC

Trang
Ph lc 2..................................................................................................................................72 Ph lc 3..................................................................................................................................75 Ph lc 4..................................................................................................................................76 Ph lc 5..................................................................................................................................77 Ph lc 6..................................................................................................................................80

DANH MC CC CH VIT TT

NNL HC NS VT SSY TG PTG G

Ngun Nhn Lc Hnh Chnh Nhn S n V Tnh Saigon Shipyard Tng Gim c Ph Tng Gim c Gim c

vi

DANH MC CC BNG

Trang
Bng 4.1. Kt Qu Hot ng Kinh Doanh Ca Nh My......................................................29 Bng 4.2. Mt S Ch Tiu Phn nh Hiu Qu Kinh Doanh Ca Nh My Trong Nm 2007 ...................................................................................................................................................30 Bng 4.3. S Bin ng Lao ng Nm 2007........................................................................34 Bng 4.4. C Cu Lao ng Theo Gii Tnh Nm 2007.........................................................35 Bng 4.5. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Trnh Chuyn Mn..................................................37 Bng 4.6. C Cu Lao ng Theo Thm Nin Cng Tc Nm 2007......................................38 Bng 4.7. Chi Ph Cho Hot ng Tuyn Dng Nm 2007.....................................................47 Bng 4.8. S Nhn Vin Nhn Thng Tin Tuyn Dng Qua Cc Ngun................................48 Bng 4.9. Tnh Hnh Tuyn Dng Nm 2007...........................................................................49 Bng 4.10. Mc Hi Lng Ca Nhn Vin V Cng Vic Ti Nh My..........................51 Bng 4.11. Danh Sch Cc Kha o To Nh My T Chc V Gi Nhn Vin i Hc Trong Nm 2007.......................................................................................................................60 Bng 4.12. S Lng Nhn Vin c o To Nng Bc Trong Nm 2007.......................62 Bng 4.13. Chi Ph D Kin Cho 3 Kha Lin Kt o To Nm 2008.................................63

vii

DANH MC CC HNH

Trang
Hnh 2.1. C Cu T Chc Ca Nh My Sa Cha V ng Tu Si Gn............................8 Hnh 2.2. Mt S D n Hon Thnh Ca Nh My.........................................................12 Hnh 3.1. Qu Trnh Tuyn Dng Nhn S..............................................................................21 Hnh 3.2. Ba Mc Ca Kt Qu o To Trong Doanh Nghip........................................26 Hnh 4.1. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Hp ng Lao ng Nm 2007...................................35 Hnh 4.2. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Tnh Cht S Dng.......................................................36 Hnh 4.3. S Quy Trnh Tuyn Dng.................................................................................45 Hnh 4.4. T L Nhn Vin C Vic Lm Ph Hp Vi Chuyn Ngnh................................49 Hnh 4.5. T L Thuyn Chuyn Nhn Vin............................................................................50 Hnh 4.6. Nhng Kh Khn Trong Cng Vic Ca Nhn Vin...............................................52 Hnh 4.7. M Hnh Thit K Phn Xng Mi Ca Nh My ng Tu Si Gn.................52 Hnh 4.8. Nhu Cu Cn c o To Ca Nhn Vin..........................................................54 Hnh 4.9. T L Nhn Vin T Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Khc Ngoi Nh My.............55 Hnh 4.10. T L Nhn Vin Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Ca Nh My.......................61

viii

DANH MC PH LC

Ph lc 2...................................................................................................................................72 Ph lc 3...................................................................................................................................75 Ph lc 4...................................................................................................................................76 Ph lc 5...................................................................................................................................77 Ph lc 6...................................................................................................................................80

ix

CHNG 1 M U

1.1. t vn Vit Nam l quc gia c iu kin t nhin v bin kh thun li cho vic pht trin cng nghip ng tu v sa cha tu. Nhng nm tr li y, ngnh cng nghip ng tu nc ta gt hi c nhiu thnh cng v tng bc khng nh mnh trn thng trng quc t. Hin nay, Vit Nam nm trong tp 4 nc dn u chu v tp 10 nc c s lng tu ng mi v ti trng ln trn th gii. Vi tc tng trng nhanh (3050%/nm) t nay n 2015, tc tng trng nhn lc ngnh ng tu ti Vit Nam bnh qun s l 10.000 n 15.000 ngi/nm. Trong khi quy m o to hin nay mi ch p ng c khong 40-60% nhu cu nhn lc, y cng l mt thch thc rt ln cho ngnh ng tu nc ta. Ngoi ra ngnh ng tu l ngnh cng nghip tng hp c tnh quc t cao, i hi ngoi ng, kin thc cng ngh a lin ngnh nhm m bo c vic thit k v ng mi cc loi tu hin i khc nhau. Trong khi , ngun nhn lc mi c o to t cc trng i hc, cao ng v cc trng dy ngh vn cn qu nng v l thuyt, kh nng ngoi ng cha cao nn doanh nghip phi mt mt khong thi gian t vi thng thm ch n vi nm o to li. Nguyn nhn vn l do i ng ging vin cht lng cha cao; iu kin v mi trng hc tp khng thun tin cho vic thc hnh; gio trnh c, khng cp nht.

Theo xu hng pht trin ngun nhn lc hin nay nhiu nc, ngi lao ng c xem l ti sn qu gi ca doanh nghip, nhiu doanh nghip nh gi cao vai tr ca con ngi v nhn thy y chnh l yu t ct li lm nn s thnh cng ca doanh nghip mnh. Xut pht t nhng yu cu thc t ti chn nghin cu ti nh gi cng tc tuyn dng v o to nhn vin ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn nhm nghin cu tm ra nhng u, khuyt im trong cng tc tuyn dng v o to ca cng ty. T c th xut mt s gii php gip cng ty hon thin cng tc ny hn. 1.2. Mc tiu nghin cu Tm hiu cng tc tuyn dng v o to nhn vin ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. xut mt s gii php nhm hon thin hn cng tc tuyn dng v o to ca nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. 1.3. Phm vi nghin cu i tng nghin cu: khu Tuyn dng - o to v cc nhn vin ca nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. Phm vi khng gian: cng ty Saigon Shipyard, s 99 Khu ph 3, phng Thnh M Li, qun 2, TP.HCM. Phm vi thi gian: kha lun s dng s liu t nm 2005 n thng 6/2008. 1.4. Cu trc ca kha lun Kha lun c cu trc bao gm 5 chng: Chng m u c xy dng tng qut ha ti nghin cu ng thi xc nh tnh cn thit ca ti, mc ch nghin cu, phm vi nghin cu v kt qu m tc gi mong mun t c. Chng th hai s phc ha mt bc tranh tng qut v nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn, qua ngi c s c c mt ci nhn khi qut v nh my.

Chng ba C s l lun v phng php nghin cu tc gi trnh by cc khi nim v c s l lun c lin quan n vn nghin cu. Chng bn Kt qu nghin cu tc gi tin hnh phn tch cc kt qu thu thp c trong qu trnh nghin cu ti v mt l lun cng nh thc tin. Chng cui cng s a ra nhng kt lun v kin ngh i vi nh my, ng thi tc gi cng xut nhng hng tip theo cho vn nghin cu.

CHNG 2 TNG QUAN

2.1. Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ca nh my 2.1.1. Qu trnh hnh thnh Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn c hnh thnh t thng 4/1989, l lin doanh gia S Cng Nghip v i tc nc ngoi l Subtec Middle East Ltd. Sau c ch u t nc ngoi l cng ty Asian Technical Maritime Services Ltd mua li v xin chuyn thnh cng ty c 100% vn u t nc ngoi. Ngy 5/12/1996, Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn c nh nc Vit Nam cp giy php u t s 1764/GP v hot ng theo hnh thc cng ty 100% vn u t nc ngoi vn vi tn giao dch l Saigon Shipyard Ltd. SAIGON SHIPYARD LTD. 99 Quarter 3, Thanh My Loi Ward, Dist 2, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Tel: 84-8-8976 206, Fax: 84-8-8976 446 Logo ca nh my Website: www.saigonshipyard.com

T 11/2005 n nay chuyn quyn s hu v thuc tp on Erza Holdings ca Singapore. Tnh cht hot ng ca cng ty l theo d n.

2.1.2. nh hng pht trin trong tng lai y mnh lnh vc ng v sa cha tu cc loi, du thuyn, cc dch v ngoi khi v chuyn c s ng v sa cha tu cc loi t cng ty m bn Singapore v cho Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. Nh my s xy dng v m rng mt bng phn xng vo nm 2010. Tuyn mt lng ln cng nhn k thut. Nng tm cng ty ln ng cp quc t v mng ng v sa cha tu. 2.2 Nhim v v nguyn tc hot ng ca nh my 2.2.1. Nhim v Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn c 3 nhim v c bn: - Thi cng cc dch v c kh: bn cch nhit, lp rp cc khung cu kin - Cc dch v ngoi khi: chnh sa gin khoan du, bo tr sa cha kt cu thp trong ngnh cng nghip du kh. - ng v sa cha cc loi tu, du thuyn, ca n 2.2.2. Nguyn tc hot ng - Cung cp cc sn phm v dch v tt p ng nhu cu c tho thun ca khch hng. - Ci tin k thut, nng cao trnh tay ngh, tnh chuyn nghip ca i ng cng nhn vin thng qua cc kho o to v rn luyn k nng. - Bo m mi nhn vin nhn thc c nhng tiu chun c bn v yu cu cng vic ca h v h lun p ng c nhng yu cu ny. - o lng kt qu v ghi nhn s sai lch vi tiu chun yu cu. Nu c s sai lch tin hnh sa cha khc phc v phng nga trong tng lai. - Thc hin v duy tr tin trnh lm vic i vi cng nhn vin nhm gip h: + Hiu c vai tr ca mnh c nh hng n vic i mi.

+ tin. +

c quyn tham gia v ng gp thng xuyn cho vic ci

ng gp sng kin, pht minh mi, cng c tinh thn tp th v

thng tin rng m. - Thc hin v duy tr h thng qun l c t chc c thm quyn cng nhn. H thng qun l cht lng ISO 9001 c p dng. - H tr v bo v tt mi trng lm vic cho cng nhn vin. - Hn ch v gim chi ph do sai st t bn ngoi cng ty, trong cng ty, chi ph thm nh v phng nga. 2.3. C cu t chc 2.3.1. S t chc

TNG GIM C

PH TNG GIM C

PHNG HNH CHNH V NHN S

PHNG AN TON

PHNG K TON

PHNG VT T

PHNG KHO VN

PHNG KINH DOANH

PHNG IU HNH SN XUT

BP. NHN S

K THUT

D N

SN XUT

KIM NH CHT LNG

BP. TUYN DNG ST BP. HNH CHNH HN NG C KH MC IN SN

T I
Y T

IT

Ngun: Phng HC NS

Hnh 2.1. C Cu T Chc Ca Nh My Sa Cha V ng Tu Si Gn

2.3.2. Chc nng nhim v ca cc phng ban a) Ban Gim c Gim c chu trch nhim trc Hi ng qun tr v mi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. Ph trch chung v trc tip cc n v trng phng kinh doanh, phng k ton, phng nhn s, phng iu hnh, phng vt t b) Phng hnh chnh nhn s Qun l nhn s, gii quyt cc chnh sch i vi ngi lao ng: bo him x hi, bo him y t, phc li x hi Thc hin cc cng tc hnh chnh. Kt hp vi cc phng ban xy dng b ti liu hun luyn ni b v tham gia hun luyn. Tham gia thc hin v duy tr h thng qun l theo tiu chun ISO. c) Phng k ton ti chnh Thc hin phn tch hoch ton kinh t cc hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca cng ty. Theo di tin thu chi ti chnh hng thng bo co vi ban gim c v xut phng php gii quyt. Quyt ton cc chi ph lin quan n sn xut. Xy dng cc nh mc qun l, nhu cu vn, hoch nh lp k hoch vay vn phc v cho vic sn xut kinh doanh kp thi c th s dng vn hiu qu. Tun th cc php lnh k ton thng k. d) Phng an ton Lp k hoch v thi hnh cc bo co, kim tra v an ton v mi trng lao ng ti nh my.

Nhc nh, n c, ra quyt nh k lut i vi nhng trng hp khng tun th quy nh v an ton lao ng ca nh my t ra. Xy dng chng trnh o to hun luyn v an ton lao ng cho ton th cng nhn vin e) Phng vt t Thc hin vic mua bn nguyn vt liu, thit b vt t. Thc hin kim tra cht lng hng ho, vn chuyn, giao nhn hng ho xut nhp khu. Lp k hoch v theo di tnh hnh thc hin k hoch mua bn theo thng, qu, nm f) Phng kho - vn Kim tra hng ho nhp v trong cng ty. Pht bo h lao ng v cc thit b cho cng nhn. Xut cc dng c cho cc cng trnh thi cng ra k hoch thc hin vic mua bn, bo tr my mc thit b, dng c. g) Phng sn xut & iu hnh Gim st, kim tra ton b cng tc thit k, sa cha thi cng cc cng trnh ca cng ty m bo giao hng ng cht lng v kp thi gian cho khch hng. Chu trch nhim trc ban giam c v k thut, cht lng, v tnh hp php ca cc cng trnh c giao. Phn chia cng vic hp l v gim st tin cng trnh. h) Phng kinh doanh Tm kim m rng th trng, giao dch vi khch hng. Lp k hoch v chng trnh y mnh hot ng kinh doanh ca cng ty. Ra quyt nh chin lc v gi, sn phm

10

Phi hp vi cc b phn khc nhm cung cp cc sn phm t cht lng theo yu cu ca khch hng v ph hp vi c im ca nh my. i) Phng d n Phi hp vi cc phng ban khc thc hin d n. Phn chia cng vic, c tnh ngun lc, thi gian, chi ph v cc yu cu k thut khc mt cch h thng. 2.4. Hot ng ca nh my 2.4.1. Sn phm Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn c chc nng sa cha v ng mi cc loi tu bin, du thuyn, tu ko, tu ch hng, tu ch khch,theo yu cu ca khch hng. Ngoi ra nh my cn cung ng v thi cng cc dch v c kh phc v cng nghip: ch to v lp rp cc kt cu kim loi, h thng ng ng cng nghip, gia cng x l, sn ph bo v b mt, thit k xy lp h thng in cng nh ch to lp rp, bo dng cc thit b p lc cao, Nh my ng mi nhiu tu i bin, du thuyn, tu ko cho cc nc c, Singapore, tp on Bourbon (Php), v sa cha nhiu tu trong nc cng nh ngoi nc. Trong lnh vc cng nghip, nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn thi cng c nhiu cng trnh ln trong nc nh: - Nh my bia VBL; nh my Coca Cola - Nh my Carnaud Metal Box; nh my sa Vit Nam Foremost - Nh my Tetra Pak; nh my ng Bourbon Ty Ninh - Cng ty Petronas; Cng ty BHP Petroleum - V rt nhiu cng trnh khc cc khu cng nghip cng nh ngoi gin khoan.

11

Hnh 2.2. Mt S D n Hon Thnh Ca Nh My

PH TWIN CREW

TU JOHN PLABORDE 12

2.4.2. Khch hng i vi mng dch v c kh th cng ty to c uy tn vi khch hng, v hin nay cng ty ang c mt s lng ln khch hng trung thnh l: - Nem: trong vic thc hin cc bn cch nhit (cc diverter) - Blue Scope - Siemens; Camfil Farr Ngoi ra cng ty cn gia cng mt s linh kin ca tu t n t hng bn cng ty m Singapore chuyn v cho nh my thc hin. Hin nay cng ty ang trong giai on ng mi Tu thm d du kh mang tn E320 Lift Boat. 2.4.3. i th cnh tranh Trong lnh vc ng tu v thi cng c kh th hin nay cng ty ang phi i mt vi mt s i th trc tip nh: - Strategic Marine. - Vinashin. - Saigon shipbuilding Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn tng gp kh khn ln trong vic i th cnh tranh khc lit ginh ngun nhn lc ca nh my. c bit l i vi Strategic Marine th ban lnh o ca cng ty ny tng c thi k lm vic ti nh my cho nn c th ni h hiu c nhiu vic ca nh my. tng c thi k nh my mt i mt lng ng k lc lng cng nhn lnh ngh v tay i th ny. Do vi nh hng pht trin trong nhng nm sp ti Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn ang mun hon thin tt c cu t chc cng nh cng ngh sn xut v c bit l to c lng tin vi cng nhn v tng lai ti sng ca Nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn. 2.4.4. Cc thun li/u th ca doanh nghip so vi i th cnh tranh So vi cc i th cnh tranh trn th cng ty c mt s thun li sau: 13

- Cng nhn c cng vic n nh v cc sn phm ca nh my to c lng tin ni khch hng. c bit l khch hng Nem, SPM,Mt khc, Cng ty m c c mt h thng tu cho thu, trong trng hp nh my khng nhn c n hng no th nh my s t ng tu cho Cng ty m Cng ty m cho cc i tc thu. Do , cng nhn vin trong nh my khng s tht nghip. - a im lm vic ti Qun 2 gn cng Ct Li thuc TP.HCM - Ch bo him an ton tt cho cng nhn. - i vi sinh vin mi ra trng th Nh my lun to iu kin mi trng thc tp l tng, bng chng l cc trng cao ng ngh nh Cao Thng, Lilama, K Ngh 2, hng nm thng lin h cho sinh vin n y thc tp.

14

CHNG 3 C S L LUN V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

3.1. C s l lun 3.1.1. Hoch nh NNL a) nh ngha Hoch nh NNL l mt tin trnh trin khai thc hin k hoch v chng trnh nhm m bo rng c quan s c ng s lng, ng s ngi c b tr ng ni, ng lc v ng ch. b) Vai tr ca hoch nh NNL Hoch nh NNL c vai tr rt quan trng i vi mi doanh nghip v n gi vai tr trung tm trong qun l chin lc NNL nn n c nh hng ln n hiu qu ca t chc. Bn cnh , hoch nh NNL cn l c s cho cc hot ng bin ch, o to v pht trin NNL nhm iu ha cc hot ng nhn s trong doanh nghip. c) Qu trnh hoch nh NNL Qu trnh hoch nh NNL c thc hin trong mi quan h mt thit vi qu trnh hoch nh v thc hin cc chin lc, chnh sch kinh doanh ca doanh nghip. Thng thng qu trnh ny c thc hin theo cc bc sau: Bc 1: ra nhu cu v d bo nhu cu Vic hoch nh NNL ca doanh nghip thng p dng cho cc mc tiu, k hoch di hn v c thc hin trn c s ca cc d bo v: khi lng cng vic

cn thc hin, trnh trang b cng ngh, s thay i v c cu t chc v c cu ngnh ngh theo yu cu ca cng vic, kh nng nng cao cht lng nhn vin v cht lng sn phm, dch v, t l nhn vin ngh vic cng nh kh nng ti chnh ca doanh nghip. D bo nhu cu ti nguyn nhn s

Sau khi d bo nhu cu v sn xut kinh doanh, nng cao v cht lng sn phm, dch v v cht lng nhn vin... nh qun tr s da vo m d bo nhu cu v ti nguyn nhn s mt cch c th. D bo kh nng sn c v ti nguyn nhn s

D bo nhu cu ti nguyn nhn s cung cp cho nh qun tr cc phng tin c tnh phi cn bao nhiu nhn vin v nhn vin y thuc lnh vc no. Tuy nhin cn mt kha cnh m nh qun tr cn quan tm, l ngun nhn vin y ly t u, t trong ni b c quan hay phi tuyn m thm t bn ngoi. Bc 2: ra chnh sch Sau khi phn tch v i chiu gia nhu cu v kh nng ca doanh nghip, b phn ti nguyn nhn s s xut mt s chnh sch, th tc v cc k hoch c th. Khi tha hoc thiu nhn vin th doanh nghip c nhng hnh ng v chnh sch nh th no? Bc 3: Thc hin cc k hoch Sau khi c cc chnh sch v k hoch, nh qun tr ti nguyn nhn s s phi hp vi cc trng b phn khc thc hin chng trnh v k hoch theo nhuc cu. C th c cc k hoch sau y: Khim dng nhn vin

Khi thiu ht nhn vin, nh qun tr thng thc hin cc gii php sau b p s nhn vin thiu ht: thuyn chuyn nhn vin, thc hin chng trnh o to k nng v o to li nhng lao ng hin c, thng chc hoc ging chc, tuyn m lao ng mi t bn ngoi, thu nhng lao ng lm vic khng trn ngy hoc s dng lao ng tm thi. 16

Thng d nhn vin

Khi nhu cu x hi v sn phm, dch v b gim st, t chc thu hp sn xut, lc lng lao ng cn phi gim bt v th m tha nhn vin. Trong trng hp thng d nhn vin, nh qun tr s p dng cc bin php sau y: hn ch vic tuyn dng li, gim bt gi lao ng, chia s cng vic, tm thi khng thay th nhng ngi chuyn i, ngh lun phin, ngh khng lng tm thi khi cn th huy ng li, cho cc t chc khc thu nhn lc, vn ng ngh hu sm.

Cung - cu nhn lc cn i

Khi trng hp ny xy ra nh qun tr cn thc hin vic b tr, sp xp li nhn lc trong ni b t chc. Bc 4: Kim tra v nh gi Trong mi giai on, nh qun tr phi thng xuyn kim sot xem cc k hoch v chng trnh c ph hp vi mc tiu ra hay khng, sau tin hnh nh gi cc k hoch rt kinh nghim. d) Cc nhn t nh hng n hoch nh NNL Khi hoch nh NNL, mi doanh nghip cn xc nh r cc nhn t nh hng n qu trnh d bo ngun NNL nh: Loi sn phm, dch v m t chc s cung cp cho x hi v

chin lc ca t chc. Tnh khng n nh ca mi trng cng nh cht lng thng

tin ca vic d bo.

Khi hoch nh NNL cn phi xc nh r: nhng loi cng vic

g s c thc hin trong t chc, nhng v tr trng trong t chc cn c thay th v b sung, thu ht nhn lc t u? Nhn lc mi tuyn nng lc ra sao? Kh nng tm kim d hay kh 3.1.2. Cc phng php d bo nhu cu nhn lc

17

C rt nhiu phng php d bo nhu cu nhn lc nhng nhn chung c 2 phng php chnh, l: phng php nh lng v phng php nh tnh. a) Phng php nh lng

Phng php phn tch xu hng: Nghin cu nhu cu nhn vin

trong cc nm qua d bo nhu cu nhn vin trong giai on sp ti.

Phng php phn tch tng quan: D bo nhu cu nhn vin

bng cch s dng h s gia mt i lng v quy m sn xut kinh doanh nh khi lng sn phm, dch v, doanh sv s lng nhn vin cn thit tng ng.

Phng php hi quy: D bo khi lng nhn vin bng cch s

dng cng thc tnh ton v mi quan h gia s lng nhn vin v mt s bin nh: sn lng, nng sut

S dng my tnh d bo nhu cu nhn vin: Trn c s d

bo v khi lng sn phm, dch v, thi gian cn thit thc hin... theo cc phng n ti a, ti thiu v phng n kh thi theo h thng lp trnh sn trn my vi tnh. Mc d phng php nh lng c s dng rng ri trong thc t nhng li c hai hn ch c bn sau: Da qu nhiu vo s liu qu kh. Kh p dng d bo nhu cu nhn s trn cc quan h v cc s liu qu

kh khi mi trng kinh doanh thay i nhanh chng nh ngy nay. b) Phng php nh tnh
Phng php theo nh gi chuyn gia: Phng php ny c s dng

rng ri trong thc tin v gi vai tr quan trng trong vic d bo nhu cu nhn vin. Mt nhm nh cc chuyn gia c mi n tho lun v d bo nhu cu nhn vin trn c s nh gi, phn tch nh hng ca mi trng v kh nng ca doanh nghip trong vic nng cao cht lng ca sn phm, dch v. 18

 Phng php Delphi: Cng l hnh thc d bo nhu cu nhn vin qua

vic ly kin ca cc chuyn gia nhng khng h gp nhau trc tip. 3.1.3. nh gi qu trnh hoch nh NNL Mc ch ca vic nh gi l hng dn cc hot ng NNL, xc nh cc sai lch gia k hoch v thc hin, cc nguyn nhn dn n cc sai lch v ra cc bin php hon thin. Cc nh gi nh lng thng c tnh khch quan hn v gip cho t chc thy c cc sai lch gia k hoch v thc hin mt cch r rng hn trong cc lnh vc sau: s lng v cht lng nhn vin, nng sut lao ng, t l thuyn chuyn nhn vin, c bit l nhng nhn vin mi tuyn, chi ph tuyn dng i vi mt nhn vin, s hi lng ca nhn vin i vi cng vic 3.1.4. Thu ht nhn s a) nh ngha Thu ht nhn vin l mt tin trnh thu ht nhng ngi c kh nng t nhiu ngun khc nhau n ng k, np n tm vic lm. b) Tm quan trng ca thu ht nhn s Thu ht ng vai tr quan trng i vi mi doanh nghip v doanh nghip cn phi thu ht s lng v cht lng lao ng t c mc tiu ca mnh. Qu trnh thu ht nh hng rt ln n qu trnh tuyn dng v qu trnh ny nh hng trc tip n cht lng NNL trong t chc. Ngoi ra, qu trnh thu ht cn nh hng n cc chc nng khc ca qun tr NNL nh: nh gi tnh hnh thc hin cng vic, th lao lao ng, o to v pht trin NNL, cc mi quan h lao ng c) Cc ngun v phng php thu ht nhn s Khi c nhu cu tuyn ngi, cc t chc c th s dng lc lng lao ng bn trong t chc cng nh t th trng lao ng bn ngoi. Tuy nhin ngun lao ng bn trong thng c u tin hn. i vi ngun t bn trong, cc nh qun tr thng s dng cc phng php sau: 19

 Phng php thu ht thng qua bn thng bo tuyn m, y l bng thng bo v cc v tr, cng vic cn tuyn ngi v c gi n tt c cc nhn vin trong t chc.
Phng php thu ht thng qua s gii thiu ca cn b, cng nhn vin

trong t chc. Qua knh thng tin ny chng ta c th pht hin c nhng ngi c nng lc ph hp vi yu cu ca cng vic mt cch c th v nhanh chng. Phng php thu ht cn c vo thng tin trong Danh mc cc k nng m t chc thng lp v tng c nhn ngi lao ng v lu tr. Ngun t bn trong c u im l thi gian lm quen vi cng vic, qu trnh thc hin cng vic din ra lin tc. Tuy nhin, ngun ny vn cn vn phi mt s nhc im nh: hnh thnh nhm ng c vin khng thnh cng, nhm ny thng c biu hin khng phc lnh o, khng hp tc vi lnh o. c bit, i vi cc t chc c quy m va v nh, nu chng ta s dng ngun ni b s khng thay i c cht lng lao ng. i vi ngun t bn ngoi, chng ta c th p dng cc phng php sau: Phng php thng qua s gii thiu ca cn b trong t chc. Phng php thng qua cc phng tin truyn thng nh: truyn hnh, i pht thanh, bo, tp ch, interneti vi phng php thu ht ny nn ch ni dung qung co ngi xin vic khn trng lin h vi c quan chng ta. Phng php thu ht thng qua cc trung tm gii thiu vic lm. y l phng php c s dng ph bin nc ta, nht l i vi cc doanh nghip khng c b phn chuyn trch v qun l nhn s. Phng php thu ht thng qua cc hi ch vic lm. y l phng php mi ang c nhiu t chc p dng. Phng php ny cho php ng vin c tip xc trc tip vi nhiu nh tuyn dng, m ra kh nng la chn rng hn vi quy m ln hn. 20

 Phng php thu ht ng vin thng qua vic tuyn m trc tip ti cc trng cao ng, i hc, trng ngh. u im ni bt nht ca ngun tuyn m t bn ngoi l ngi bn ngoi s c cch nhn mi i vi t chc. Bn cnh , ngun bn ngoi vn cn tn ti mt s nhc im nh: mt thi gian hng dn nhn vin mi lm quen vi vic, gy tm l tht vng cho nhng ngi trong t chc. 3.1.5. Qu trnh tuyn dng a) Khi nim Tuyn dng l mt qu trnh gm nhiu bc, mi bc trong qu trnh c xem nh l mt ro chn sng lc, loi b nhng ng vin khng cc iu kin i tip vo cc bc sau. Qu trnh tuyn dng c th c khi qut theo s sau: Hnh 3.1. Qu Trnh Tuyn Dng Nhn S
Tip n ban u v phng vn s b

Sn lc n xin vic

Trc nghim nhn s

Phng vn tuyn chn

Khm sc kho ca ng vin

Phng vn ca lnh o trc tip

Thm tra thng tin

Tham quan cng vic

Ra quyt nh tuyn chn

21

b) nh gi hiu qu hot ng tuyn dng Khi phn tch hiu qu ca hot ng tuyn dng cn thu thp cc thng tin sau y: - Chi ph cho cc hot ng tuyn dng v chi ph cho mt ln tuyn. Chi ph ny bao gm tt c cc khon chi ph lin quan n tuyn dng nh: chi ph thu dch v tuyn, qung co,... - S lng v cht lng h s xin tuyn. - H s gia nhn vin mi tuyn v nhn vin c tuyn. - S lng ng vin chp nhn v s lng ng vin t chi chp nhn cng vic mc lng nht nh. - Kt qu thc hin cng vic ca cc ng vin mi c tuyn. - S lng nhn vin mi b vic. Bn cnh , chng ta cn lu phn tch hiu qu ca cc ngun tuyn dng khc nhau v mi ngun s cho mt kt qu khc nhau v mc thnh cng ca vic tuyn dng v chi ph tuyn i vi mt nhn vin. 3.1.6. o to pht trin a) nh ngha Khi nim gio dc, o to v pht trin u cp n mt qu trnh tng t: qu trnh cho php con ngi tip thu cc kin thc, hc cc k nng mi v thay i cc quan im hay hnh vi v nng cao kh nng thc hin cng vic ca cc c nhn. iu ny cng c ngha cng tc ny c p dng thay i vic nhn vin bit g, lm nh th no v quan im ca h i vi cng vic, mi quan h i vi cc ng nghip hoc ban lnh o. Hai khi nim o to v pht trin c im tng ng vi nhau, u c cc phng php tng t, c s dng nhm tc ng ln qu trnh hc tp nng cao cc kin thc k nng thc hnh. Tuy nhin, o to c nh hng vo hin ti vic ch trng vo cng vic hin thi ca c nhn, gip cc c nhn c ngay cc k nng cn thit thc hin tt cng vic hin ti. Cn pht trin nhn vin nhm ch trng 22

ln cc cng vic tng lai trong t chc, doanh nghip. Khi mt ngi c thng tin ln nhng chc v mi h cn c nhng kin thc, k nng mi theo yu cu mi ca cng vic. Cng tc pht trin nhn vin s gip cho cc c nhn chun b sn kin thc, k nng cn thit . b) Vai tr ca o to v pht trin o to pht trin c tm quan trng rt ln i s pht trin ca mt t chc. Vn o to pht trin thng c p dng nhm: - Th nht, trc tip gip nhn vin thc hin cng vic tt hn, c bit khi nhn vin thc hin cng vic khng p ng cc tiu chun mu hoc khi nhn vin nhn cng vic mi. - Th hai, cp nht cc k nng, kin thc mi cho nhn vin, gip h c th p dng thnh cng cc thay i cng ngh, k thut trong doanh nghip. - Th ba, trnh tnh trng qun l li thi. Cc nh qun tr cn p dng cc phng php qun l sao cho ph hp vi nhng thay i v quy trnh cng ngh, k thut v mi trng kinh doanh. - Th t, gii quyt cc vn t chc. o to pht trin c th gip cc nh qun tr gii quyt cc vn mu thun, xung t gia cc c nhn v gia cng on vi cc nh qun tr, ra nhng chnh sch v qun l ngun nhn lc ca doanh nghip c hiu qu. - Th nm, hng n cng vic cho nhn vin mi. Nhn vin mi thng gp nhiu kh khn, b ng trong nhng ngy u lm vic trong t chc, doanh nghip, cc chng trnh nh hng nhn vin mi s gip h mau chng thch hp vi mi trng lm vic mi ca doanh nghip. - Th su, chun b i ng cn b qun l, chuyn mn k cn. o to pht trin gip cho nhn vin c nhng k nng cn thit cho cc c hi thng tin v thay th cho cc cn b qun l, chuyn mn khi cn thit. - Cui cng l tho mn nhu cu pht trin ca nhn vin. c trang b nhng k nng chuyn mn k nng cn thit s kch thch nhn vin lm vic tt hn, t

23

c nhiu thnh tch tt hn, mum c trao nhng nhim v c tnh thch thc cao hn, c nhiu c hi thng tin hn. c) Cc phng php o to nhn vin Sau khi cn nhc cc vn chin lc trong o to, xc nh c nhu cu o to, doanh nghip cn i n bc tip theo l xc nh ni dung chng trnh v phng php o to. y l vn i hi cc doanh nghip cn trng v tt c cc chi ph trong o to cn phi c hon vn. Phn ny s trnh by cc phng php o to ph bin c p dng trong doanh nghip. Km cp v hng dn ti ch

Cch thc t chc n gin nht l trong qu trnh thc hin cng vic hc vin s quan st, ghi nh, hc tp v thc hin cng vic theo cch ngi hng dn ch dn. Phng php ny c p dng o to c cng nhn k thut ln cc qun tr gia. Khi o to cng nhn k thut, qu trnh thc hin din ra nh sau: - Gii thch cho cng nhn mi v ton b cng vic. - Thao tc mu cch thc thc hin cng vic. - cng nhn lm th t tc chm n nhanh dn. - Kim tra cht lng sn phm, hng dn gii thch cho cng nhn cch thc thc hin tt hn. - cng nhn t thc hin cng vic, khuyn khch cng nhn n khi h t c cc tiu chun mu v s lng v cht lng ca cng vic. Khi o to qun tr gia v hc vin s lm vic trc tip vi ngi m h thay th trong tng lai. Ngi ny s c trch nhim hng dn cho cc hc vin cch thc gii quyt tt c mi vn trong phm vi trch nhim. iu ny gip cho cc qun tr gia gim bt c mt s trch nhim. Cc qun tr gia s yn tm khi cn i cng tc, hi hp vng hoc khi c thng chc, v hu s c ngi thay th cng v ca mnh. Phng php ny thng c p dng o to cc qun tr gia cao cp trong cng ty.

24

 Vit Nam, cch thc o to ny rt thng dng, c bit l trong cc doanh nghip nh v i vi nhng ngnh ngh th cng ph bin nh mc, c kh, dt o to theo kiu km cp, hng dn ti ch c cc u, nhc im ch yu sau: u im: - n gin, d t chc, li c th o to c nhiu ngi mt lc. - t tn km. Trong qu trnh o to, hc vin cn c cc phng tin chuyn bit nh phng hc, i ng cn b ging dy ring - Hc vin nm c ngay cch thc gii quyt cc vn thc t v mau chng c thng tin phn hi v kt qu o to. Nhc im: - Ngi hng dn thng khng c cc kinh nghim v s phm, do c th hng dn hc vin khng theo trnh t t d n kh, khng theo ng quy trnh cng ngh, khin hc vin kh tip thu. Trong mt s trng hp, hc vin cn lun c nhng thi quen xu ca ngi hng dn, sau ny s rt kh sa li. - Ngi hng dn c th cm thy hc vin l mi nguy him i vi cng vic ca h nn khng nhit tnh hng dn. Lun phin thay i cng vic

Hc vin c lun phin chuyn t b phn ny sang b phn khc, t phn xng ny sang phn xng khc, c hc cch hon thnh nhng cng vic c th hon ton khc nhau v ni dung v phng php. Khi hc vin s nm c nhiu k nng thc hin cc cng vic khc nhau, hiu c cch thc phi hp thc hin cng vic ca cc b phn khc nhau trong doanh nghip. u im: - Gip cho nhn vin c o to a k nng, trnh c tnh trng tr tr, d dng thch ng vi cc cng vic khc nhau. Doanh nghip c th phn cng b tr nhn vin linh hot hn, phi hp hot ng gia cc phng ban c hiu qu cao hn cn nhn vin c kh nng thng tin cao hn.

25

- Gip hc vin kim tra, pht hin ra cc im mnh, yu ca mnh v c k hoch u t pht trin ngh nghip ph hp. Nhc im: - S thng xuyn phi thay i cng vic c th lm cho nhn vin khng c c s chuyn mn ha trong sn xut. o to hc ngh

y l phng php phi hp gia l thuyt vi phng php o to ti ch. Phng php ny ch yu p dng i vi ngh th cng hoc i vi nhng ngi cn phi kho tay nh th c kh, th in Thi gian hun luyn c th t mt n su nm ty theo tng loi ngh. Hun luyn vin thng l cc cng nhn c tay ngh cao, t bit l cng nhn gii v hu. d) nh gi kt qu o to Sau mi ln thc hin o to, ta cn phi nh gi chng trnh o to v mc tiu o to. Tiu chun v kt qu v hiu qu ca o to cn c xc nh trc khi chng trnh o to c bt u. Hiu qu ca hc vin cn c nh gi trong v sau qu trnh o to. Kt qa v hiu qu ca hc vin trc v sau kha o to cn phi c so snh xc nh liu chng trnh o to c p ng c mc tiu o to hay khng Kt qu o to

Kt qu o to thng c th hin qua 3 mc t thay i v mt nhn thc l thuyt n s thay i v hnh vi trong lao ng v cho n s thay i v hiu sut cng tc c trnh by hnh v di y: Hnh 3.2. Ba Mc Ca Kt Qu o To Trong Doanh Nghip
u vo Mc 1 Mc 2 Mc 3 u vo

Thc hin o to

Kt qu v mt nhn thc

Thay i v cc hnh vi, tay ngh

Thay i hiu sut cng tc

Thc hin cng vic hiu qu hn

26

Phn tch kt qu o to qua im o to ca hc vin

Vic u tin ca cn b ph trch o to l xem xt v phn tch im s ca tng hc vin trong qu trnh o to. im s phn nh phn no s thay i v nhn thc, thng qua vic tip nhn cc kin thc l thuyt m nhng hc vin hc tp. Phn tch kt qu o to qua thi v hnh vi ca hc vin

Doanh nghip c th phn tch kt qu o to thng qua s quan st trc tip hnh vi ca ngi c o to. C 2 cch quan st l quan st lin tc v ngu nhin. Khi quan st lin tc, ngi quan st s theo di nhng ngi c o to trong mt khon thi gian xc nh v thc hin nh gi chnh xc hnh vi ca h qua hot ng sn xut. Cch ny thng tn nhiu cng sc ca cc nh quan st nhng n cho kt qu kh chnh xc. Cn quan st ngu nhin (hay l quan st theo thi im) c ngi quan st tin hnh mt cch ngu nhin v lp li da trn c s l thuyt thng k ton hc nhng vn m bo tin cy ca kt qu nghin cu. Mt khc doanh nghip cn c th quan st gin tip hnh vi ca nhng ngi c o to trong mt s trng hp kh o lng c kt qu o to hoc vic o to khng c lin quan nhiu n sn xut. Bng cch t cc cu hi t nh v kn o i vi mt s ngi qua o to hay mt s ngi c lin quan n nh gi kt qu o to. 3.2. Phng php nghin cu 3.2.1. Phng php thu thp v x l s liu Kho lun thc hin thu thp d liu th cp t nm 2005 n thng 6/2008 ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn, sau tin hnh tng hp v thng k. Thu thp s liu s cp thng qua bng cu hi thm d kin nhn vin v tnh hnh tuyn dng v o to nhn vin ti nh my. 27

X l v trnh by s liu bng phn mm Excel, Word. 3.2.2. Phng php phn tch Kha lun s dng phng php so snh, phng php thay th lin hon ( xt mc nh hng ca mt s ch tiu c lin quan n ch tiu cn phn tch) v phng php thng k a ra nhng nhn xt, phn tch v tnh hnh tuyn dng o to lao ng ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn.

28

CHNG 4 KT QU NGHIN CU V THO LUN

4.1. Tnh hnh hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my 4.1.1. Phn tch kt qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my Bng 4.1. Kt Qu Hot ng Kinh Doanh Ca Nh My VT: USD Ch tiu Doanh thu Tng Chi ph Li nhun Nm 2005 Nm 2006 Nm 2007 4.598.200 3.955.200 643.000 4.783.533 4.093.189 690.344 5.213.220 4.479.990 733.230 T l (%) 2006/2005 4,03 3,49 7,36 T l (%) 2007/2006 8,98 9,45 6,21

Ngun: Phng K ton Da vo bng tng kt tnh hnh Doanh thu v Li nhun ca nh my trong 3 nm va qua t 2005 n 2007 cho thy Doanh thu ca nh my u tng qua cc nm v mc tng Doanh thu ca nm 2007 so vi nm 2006 (8,98 %) cao hn gp i mc tng Doanh thu ca nm 2006 so vi nm 2005 (4,03 %). Li nhun ca nh my vn tng qua cc nm, tuy nhin, mc tng Li nhun ca nm 2007 so vi nm 2006 (6,21%) li thp hn so vi mc tng Li nhun ca nm 2006 so vi nm 2005 (7,36%). Nguyn nhn l do trong nm 2007, nh my u t mua thm mt s my mc thit b (ch yu l chun b cho vic ng tu E320 LIFTBOAT) lm cho Tng chi ph tng ln. Vic u t ny lm cho mc Tng tng chi ph ca nm

2007 so vi nm 2006 (9,45%) cao hn mc tng Tng chi ph ca nm 2006 so vi nm 2005 (3,49%). Mc d vy, nhng s liu ny cng chng t c rng hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my vn ang tip tc trn pht trin qua cc nm. 4.1.2. Phn tch hiu qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my Bng 4.2. Mt S Ch Tiu Phn nh Hiu Qu Kinh Doanh Ca Nh My Trong Nm 2007 Ch tiu 1. Doanh thu 2. Tng Chi ph 3. Li nhun 4. Vn kinh doanh 5. Lao ng 6. Hiu qu kinh doanh: - Nng sut lao ng bnh qun - T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu - T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh USD % % 14.286 15 14,42 15.333 14,06 14,10 Ngun: TTTH Tnh hnh hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca nh my trong nm 2007 vt mc k hoch i vi cc ch tiu Doanh thu, Tng chi ph, Nng sut lao ng bnh qun v gim so vi k hoch i vi cc ch tiu Li nhun, Lao ng, T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu, T sut li nhun/Vn. Nhm thy r hn u l nguyn nhn ca nhng s tng, gim ny, tc gi tin hnh phn tch mt s ch tiu sau: a) Phn tch nh hng ca nhn t Li nhun v Doanh thu n T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu Li nhun T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu = 30 * 100% 1.047 -0.94 -0.32 VT USD USD USD USD ngi K hoch 5.000.000 4.250.000 750.000 5.200.000 350 Thc hin 5.213.220 4.479.990 733.230 5.200.000 340 Chnh lch 213.220 229.990 -16.770 0 -10

Doanh thu i tng phn tch: (T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu) = 14,06 15 = 0,94 nh hng ca nhn t Li nhun n T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu: 733.230 * 100% 5.000.000 5.000.000 750.000 * 100% = 0,34

nh hng ca nhn t Doanh thu n T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu: 733.230 * 100% 5.213.220 5.000.000 733.230 * 100% = 0,6

Tng hp nh hng ca 2 nhn t Li nhun v Doanh thu n T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu: 0,34 0,6 = 0,94 = (T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu) Nh vy, c 2 nhn t Doanh thu v Li nhun u gp phn lm gim T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu ca nh my l 0,94%. Trong , nhn t Li nhun lm gim T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu l 0,34% v nhn t Doanh thu lm gim T sut Li nhun/Doanh thu l 0,6%. iu cho thy mc li nhun c c trn 1 ng doanh thu ca nh my khng t hiu qu so vi k hoch ra (vi 1 USD doanh thu thu c nh my ch c 0,1406 USD li nhun, thay v 0,15 USD li nhun nh k hoch ra trong nm 2007).

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b) Phn tch mc nh hng ca nhn t Li nhun v Vn kinh doanh n T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh Li nhun T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh = Vn kinh doanh i tng phn tch: (T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh) = 14,10 14.42 = 0,32 nh hng ca nhn t Li nhun n T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh: 733.230 * 100% 5.200.000 5.200.000 750.000 * 100% = 0,32 * 100%

nh hng ca nhn t Vn kinh doanh n T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh: 733.230 * 100% 5.200.000 5.200.000 733.230 * 100% = 0

Tng hp nh hng ca 2 nhn t Li nhun v Vn kinh doanh n T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh: 0,32 + 0 = 0,32 = (T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh) Nh vy, nhn t Li nhun gim so vi k hoch lm cho T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh gim 0,32% so vi k hoch. Nhn t Vn kinh doanh ca nh my khng i nn khng lm nh hng n T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh. Tng hp nh hng 2 nhn t ny lm cho T sut Li nhun/Vn kinh doanh ca nh my gim 0,32%. iu cho thy mc Li nhun c c trn 1 USD Vn kinh doanh ca nh my khng t hiu qu so vi k hoch ra (vi 1 USD Vn kinh doanh b ra, nh my ch thu v c 0,1410 USD li nhun, thay v 0,1442 USD li nhun nh k hoch ra trong nm 2007).

32

c) Phn tch mc nh hng ca nhn t Lao ng v Nng sut lao ng bnh qun n Doanh thu Doanh thu = s Lao ng * Nng sut lao ng bnh qun i tng phn tch: (Doanh thu) = Doanh thu thc hin Doanh thu k hoch = 5.213.220 5.000.000 = 213.220 nh hng ca nhn t Lao ng n Doanh thu: 340 * 14.286 350 * 14.286 = 142.860 nh hng ca nhn t Nng sut lao ng n Doanh thu: 340 * 15.333 340 * 14.286 = 356.080 Tng hp nh hng ca 2 nhn t Lao ng v Nng sut lao ng n Doanh thu ca nh my: 142.860 + 356.080 = 213.220 = (Doanh thu) Nh vy, qua s phn tch trn ta thy lng lao ng thc t trong nm 2007 so k hoch gim 10 ngi th vi Nng sut lao ng bnh qun k hoch nm 2007 l 14.286 (USD) lm cho Doanh thu ca nh my gim 142.860 (USD). Tuy nhin Nng sut lao ng ca cng nhn thc t nm 2007 li tng so vi k hoch 1.047 (USD) lm cho Doanh thu tng ln 356.080 (USD). Phn gia tng ca Nng sut lao ng lm tng Doanh thu khng nhng b l cho phn gim doanh thu t vic tuyn khng lao ng so vi k hoch gy nn m cn gip doanh thu ca nh my tng thm 213.220 (USD). Qua s phn tch trn ta thy tc tng ca Nng sut lao ng nh hng rt ln n tc tng ca Doanh thu, ng thi vic qun l v s dng lao ng nh my l tng i tt v cn pht huy hn na. 4.2. Tnh hnh chung v lao ng ti nh my ng tu Si Gn nm 2007 4.2.1. Tnh hnh bin ng lao ng ca nh my nm 2007 S bin ng lao ng ca nh my trong nm 2007 c th hin qua bng s liu sau: 33

Bng 4.3. S Bin ng Lao ng Nm 2007 STT 1 2 S u nm S tng trong nm - Tuyn dng - Chuyn n 3 S gim trong nm - Chuyn ni khc - Xin thi vic - K lut - V hu 4 S c mt cui nm Ch tiu S lng 300 145 136 9 105 9 95 0 1 340 Ngun: Phng HC NS S c mt cui nm = S u nm + S tng trong nm S gim trong nm (340 = 300 + 145 105) S lao ng u nm 2007 ti nh my l 300 ngi. Trong nm, nh my tuyn dng thm c 136 ngi. Bn cnh cng c 95 ngi xin thi vic v 1 ngi xin v hu. ng lu l trong nm 2007 khng c cng nhn no phi chu hnh thc k lut buc thi vic. iu cho thy thc chp hnh nghim chnh ni quy ca nhn vin cng nh s qun l nghim ngt ca nh my khng cho nhng tnh hung ng tic xy ra lm nh hng khng tt cho cng vic. Tuy nhin, s lao ng xin thi vic n 95 ngi l qu nhiu. Trong khi s lao ng c tuyn thm mc d cao hn s lao ng gim trong nm nhng s kh p ng c khi lng cng vic trong thi gian sp ti. V tnh n thi im cui nm 2007, s lao ng c mt ti nh my l 340 ngi. 4.2.2. Phn loi lao ng ti nh my nm 2007

34

L mt doanh nghip t nhn hot ng trong lnh vc sa cha v ng tu, nh my Si Gn Shipyard c mt s lng lao ng tng i cao. Tnh n cui thng 12/2007, tng s lao ng ca nh my l 340 ngi. Ty vo cn c phn loi m hin nay lao ng ti nh my c phn loi nh sau: a) Cn c theo gii tnh Bng 4.4. C Cu Lao ng Theo Gii Tnh Nm 2007 Gii tnh N Nam Tng S lng 21 319 340 T l (%) 6 94 100 Ngun: Phng HC NS T l lao ng nam ca nh my chim a s vi 94% (tng ng 319 ngi trn tng s 340 nhn vin ca nh my). Ring s lao ng n ch chim 6% tng s lao ng ca nh my. iu ny l hon ton hp l i vi mt nh my ng tu nh Si Gn Shipyard v hot ng ca nh my ch yu l tp trung vo vic sa cha v ng cc loi tu c t trng ln. y l mt ngnh cng nghip nng i hi c s tham gia ca nhiu lao ng nam nhiu hn lao ng n, lao ng n ch yu lm vic trong khi vn phng v nhn vin dn dp v sinh trong khun vin nh my. b) Cn c theo loi hp ng lao ng Theo cn c ny, lao ng ti nh my c chia lm 3 loi: lao ng c xc nh thi hn, lao ng khng xc nh thi hn v lao ng thi v.

Hnh 4.1. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Hp ng Lao ng Nm 2007

35

Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Hp ng Lao ng

9% 21% Lao ng khng xc nh thi hn Lao ng c xc nh thi hn Lao ng thi v

70%

Ngun: Phng HC NS - S lao ng k hp ng lao ng khng xc nh thi hn (Hp ng di hn) chim 21% tng s lao ng (tng ng vi 73 ngi), thng l nhn vin lm vic lu nm ti nh my, c bng cp v lm vic ng chuyn mn. - S lao ng k hp ng lao ng xc nh thi hn t mt n ba nm (Hp ng ngn hn) chim 70% (tng ng vi 238 ngi), thng l nhn vin lm nhng cng vic xc nh c thi hn. - S lao ng k hp ng lao ng thi v di ba thng chim 9% (tng ng vi 29 ngi), thng lm cng vic c thi gian ngn, lm theo ma. S lao ng ny thng xuyn bin ng. c) Cn c theo tnh cht s dng, lao ng ti nh my c chia lm 2 loi - Lao ng trc tip l cc cng nhn trc tip thc hin cng vic sa cha v ng tu, nh: th hn, th st, th ng, - Lao ng gin tip: ch yu l b phn qun l nh my (ban gim c, cc t trng, nhn vin hnh chnh k ton, th kho), li xe, y t v tp v.

Hnh 4.2. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Tnh Cht S Dng 36

Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Tnh Cht S Dng

15% Lao ng trc tip Lao ng gin tip 85%

Ngun: Phng HC NS Phn loi lao ng theo tnh cht s dng mt ln na li cho thy c s hp l trong c cu lao ng ca nh my khi s lao ng trc tip chim n 85% (tng ng vi 288 ngi) v s lao ng gin tip chim t l l 15% (tng ng vi 52 ngi). iu phn no cho thy lc lng lao ng ti nh my lun trong tnh trng c th p ng c y khi lng cng vic sa cha v ng tu. d) Cn c theo trnh chuyn mn Bng 4.5. Phn Loi Lao ng Theo Trnh Chuyn Mn Trnh i hc Cng nhn c tay ngh Cng nhn cha c tay ngh Thc tp sinh Tng S ngi 43 262 6 29 340 T l (%) 13 77 2 8 100

Ngun: Phng HC NS Qua bng phn loi lao ng theo trnh chuyn mn, ta thy cng nhn c tay ngh (skilled worker) chim t l cao nht l 77% tng ng vi 262 ngi, cng nhn c trnh i hc chim t l 13% tng ng vi 43 ngi, thc tp sinh (trainee) chim 8% tng ng vi 29 ngi v cui cng l cng nhn cha c tay 37

ngh (unskilled worker) chim 2% tng ng vi 6 ngi. y qu tht l mt thun li cho hot ng ca nh my khi c s lng cng nhn c tay ngh chim mt t l kh cao. Tuy nhin, s nhn vin c trnh i hc li kh t v ch yu l nhng ngi thuc khi hnh chnh vn phng. Do , nng cao hn na nng lc sn xut ca nh my, v lu di, nh my cn phi tuyn dng thm nhng ngi c trnh cao (i hc v sau i hc) ng thi nn c thm nhng kha o to nhm nng cao tay ngh v nng lc ca nhn vin. e) Cn c theo thm nin cng tc Bng 4.6. C Cu Lao ng Theo Thm Nin Cng Tc Nm 2007 Thm nin cng tc (Nm) Di 5 nm T 5 10 nm Trn 10 nm Tng S Lng (Ngi) 217 69 54 340 T l (%) 64 20 16 100 Ngun: Phng HC NS Da vo bng c cu lao ng theo nm nin ta thy s nhn vin c thm nin t 5 10 nm cng tc ti nh my chim 20%, trn 10 nm chim 16%, thm ch c ngi gn b vi nh my sut 18 nm (t khi nh my thnh lp) chng t y l nhng ngi rt hiu v nh my v ng gp rt nhiu vo s thnh cng ca nh my bi v h quen ngh, tho vic. Vic nh my ang c 1 lng nhn vin lu nm nh vy chng t vic duy tr nhn s trong nh my c quan tm ng cch.

4.3. Thc trng cng tc tuyn dng nhn vin ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn 4.3.1. Quy trnh tuyn dng hin nay ca nh my a) Xc nh nhu cu nhn s 38

Vic xc nh nhu cu nhn s ca nh my da trn c s xu hng pht trin kinh doanh v yu cu sn xut ca nh my trong nhng nm sp ti nh vic k thm cc hp ng ng tu mi v m rng quy m nh my bng vic xy dng thm mt nh my mi khu cng nghip ng Xuyn, Phng Rch Da, thnh ph Vng Tu. Do s thay i v bin ng lao ng t nhin hng nm nh v hu, thuyn chuyn cng tc, xin thi vic nh my c d bo nhng kh nng gim lao ng cc phng ban, b phn v nhn thy nu khng c chnh sch lng bng, i ng nhn vin hp l th s c mt lng ln cng nhn vin ngh vic v tm n cc nh my, cng ty khc c chnh sch u i hn. Da vo tnh hnh bin ng lao ng hng nm v xu hng kinh doanh, pht trin ca nh my, cc trng phng ban, b phn s bo co cho b phn nhn s bit nhu cu nhn s ca phng ban mnh. y chnh l c s b phn nhn s xy dng k hoch tm kim v tuyn dng nhn s ph hp vi cc v tr cn thiu cc phng ban. Ty tng v tr trng m b phn nhn s s iu phi nhn vin ni b b sung hoc phi ch mt thi gian tuyn dng t bn ngoi, b phn nhn s c nhim v tm kim v tuyn dng ng vin t bn ngoi nhanh chng m bo cho cng vic ca cc phng ban khng b tr tr v thiu ngi do b sung khng kp. Cn c vo xu hng pht trin ca ngnh cng nghip ng tu trong nhng nm sp ti, th trng ng tu vit Nam tr nn si ng v hp dn hn. Vi mt lc lng cng nhn giu kinh nghim cc cng ty, nh my ng tu ti Hi Phng, Min Trung, Vng Tu th vic nh my SSY gp phi cc i th mnh l iu khng th trnh khi. Nm bt c tnh hnh , Ban Gim c nh my ch ng tm kim v xc nh nhu cu nhn s cho nhng nm sp ti. T nhu cu v nhn s, Trng n v s lp 1 phiu yu cu nhn s (ph lc 3) gm chi tit v v tr cng vic, bng m t cng vic, loi hnh cng vic, mc lng, ph cp cho cng vic tng ng v s nm lm vic tng ng ti nh my. Phiu yu cu nhn s ny s c trnh cho Tng Gim c/Ph Tng Gim c xem xt, gp (nu c) v ph duyt, nu khng c ph duyt th phiu ny s c tr li cho trng b phn c lin quan. 39

Phiu yu cu nhn s c duyt s c chuyn cho phng Hnh chnh Nhn s tin hnh tuyn dng. Nh vy vic xc nh nhu cu nhn s ca nh my l vic tng hp nhu cu nhn s t cc phng ban v t tm nhn kinh doanh ca Ban Gim c nh my. Trong thi gian thc tp ti nh my, tc gi nhn thy cng tc xc nh nhn s ca nh my phn no chnh xc v ph hp vi tnh hnh chung ca nh my. Tuy nhin ngoi nhng cch l cn c vo nhu cu nhn s ca cc phng ban v tm nhn kinh doanh ca Ban Gim c th nh my nn p dng cc phng php khc xc nh nhu cu chnh xc hn na l ly kin ca cc chuyn gia. b) Tm kim nhn s Da vo thng tin t phiu yu cu nhn s v bng m t cng vic, b phn Tuyn dng v o to s tm kim cc ng vin iu kin t cc ngun sau: - Thng bo ni b. - Ngi quen ca nhn vin SSY. - Qung co trn bo ch, truyn thng. - Trung tm gii thiu vic lm, cc cng ty sn u ngi. - Cc trng dy ngh, cc trng cao ng k thut, cc trng i hc. Tt c h s xin vic nhn c ca ng vin s c Gim c Hnh chnh Nhn s sng lc v ph duyt ln danh sch phng vn. Cc h xin vic ca cc ng vin khng c chn s c cp nht vo d liu ng vin tham kho sau ny.

c ) Phng vn T danh sch phng vn, Gim st/Chuyn vin tuyn dng v o to tin hnh lin lc vi ng vin v sp xp lch phng vn, thng bo cho cc trng b phn c lin quan bit ngy, gi v a im phng vn. Mi v tr cng vic, s c t nht 5 ng vin c mi phng vn theo qui trnh sau: 40

i vi v tr nhn vin vn phng, k s, trng phng:

C 2 vng phng vn: Vng 1: Ngi phng vn s l cc Trng b phn v cc Gim c c lin quan. Cng vic phng vn bao gm kim tra chuyn mn v nhng k nng khc c lin quan n v tr cng vic. i vi v tr Trng phng v Tr l Trng phng, th gim c nhn s c yu cu tham gia vo phng vn vng 1 ny, trong cc chnh sch v ch c th c bn n nhng khng phi l mc lng v ph cp. Trc khi phng vn, ng vin s in vo Mu n xin vic (ph lc 2) cho ngi phng vn tham kho v nh gi khi phng vn. Kt qu phng vn s c ghi nhn vo Phiu nh gi phng vn (ph lc 5) v c chuyn li cho B phn Tuyn dng v o to theo gii. Nhng ng vin t yu cu s c mi phng vn vng 2, c cp nht vo d liu ng vin. Gim st/Chuyn vin Tuyn dng v o to c nhim v lin lc vi cc ng vin iu kin v sp xp phng vn vng 2. Vng 2: Ngi phng vn s l Tng Gim c/Ph Tng Gim c, gim c HC - NS v cc Trng b phn c lin quan. Cng vic phng vn bao gm kim tra chuyn mn chi tit hn v cc vn c lin quan n v tr tuyn dng. Khi ng vin c chn, ngi phng vn s bn v thi gian th vic, lng, ph cp, chnh sch v ch da trn thang bng lng v chnh sch hin hnh ca cng ty, k hp ng v xc nh ngy bt u lm vic. Kt qu phng vn s c ghi nhn vo phiu nh gi phng vn v c chuyn li cho b phn nhn s theo di v lu h s.

i vi cng nhn

i vi Cng nhn c tay ngh s do cc Trng b phn v cc Gim c c lin quan phng vn c 2 vng, nu c ch phng vn 1 vng.

41

Tt c thng tin trn Phiu nh gi phng vn phi c ghi nhn, chi tit phng vn, kt qu kim tra v ch k ng /khng ng ca trng n v s c chuyn li cho phng NS theo gii v gii quyt. Theo ch th ca gim c HC - NS, b phn nhn s s thng bo cho cc Cng nhn c chn ngy lm vic bng th, in thoi, email, hay bt c phng php ph hp no khc. Gim st Nhn s c nhim v cp nht danh sch cc nhn vin mi c nhn hng tun cho B phn Tuyn dng v o to chun b chng trnh nh hng hi nhp. Gim st/Chuyn vinTtuyn dng v o to c trch nhim cp nht cc thng tin c bn v cc ng vin (ngoi tr tin lng, tin cng, ph cp) v lu vo file ti liu in t cho phng Nhn s qun l. d) Hp ng th vic Tt c nhn vin v cng nhn c tuyn s c mt thi gian th vic theo Lut Lao ng v c c th ho bng hp ng th vic nh sau: Thi gian th vic l 2 thng (60 ngy) i vi c cng, Nhn vin vn

phng, K s v Trng phng. Thi gian th vic l 1 thng (30 ngy) i vi t trng, cng nhn.

Cc iu khon ca hp ng th vic tun th theo Lut Lao ng hin hnh v chnh sch hin hnh ca cng ty. Thi gian th vic c th c rt ngn i vi nhn vin ni b v ph thuc vo s chp thun ca TG/PTG. Gim st Nhn s c nhim v chun b hp ng th vic do TG/PTG hoc G c y quyn k. Trong tun lm vic u tin, nhn vin & cng nhn mi s c gii thiu vi ton th cng nhn vin vo cuc hp sng th hai v tham d chng trnh nh hng hi nhp do Gim st/Chuyn vin Tuyn dng & o to v/hoc Chuyn vin An ton gii thiu hiu thm v c s vt cht, cng vic kinh doanh, s t

42

chc, v tun th theo ni quy cng ty, ni quy an ton, h thng Qun l cht lng hin hnh v nhng im chnh v chnh sch ch ca cng ty. Gim st Tuyn dng & o to v Chuyn vin An ton chu trch nhim m bo cc nhn vin mi bit v hiu r v ni quy lao ng, ni quy an ton v bng m t cng vic ca h sau a cho nhn vin k tn vo Phiu xc nhn (ph lc 4). Gim st/Chuyn vin Nhn s chu trch nhim v hp ng th vic nh km Phiu xc nhn v cung cp cho nhn vin mi nhng thit b bo h cn thit. e) nh gi th vic Kt thc thi gian th vic, ngi gim st trc tip nhn vin v cng nhn th vic s lp bng nh gi hiu qu lm vic, s tun th ni quy v cc h thng hin ang p dng ti cng ty trong sut thi gian th vic. Kt qu th vic s c ghi nhn vo phiu nh gi th vic (ph lc 6) vi y thng tin nhn xt, ghi ch chp thun/khng chp thun ca Trng b phn. Phiu nh gi th vic s c chuyn li cho b phn Nhn s v b phn Nhn s s chuyn cho TG/PTG k quyt nh cui cng v lu h s. i vi nhng nhn vin v cng nhn iu kin s c k hp ng lao ng chnh thc ph duyt bi TG/PTG hoc Gim c c u quyn. i vi nhng nhn vin khng tiu chun s c 1 cuc phng vn thi vic vi Gim c HC - NS v ngi gim st trc tip, hoc l cho h th vic li 1 v tr khc thch hp hn, trong trng hp ny phi c s nhn xt v kin ca Trng b phn trc . f) Hp ng lao ng Sau thi gian th vic v cn c vo quyt nh cui cng ca TG/PTG trong phiu nh gi th vic, phng HC - NS s tin hnh son hp ng lao ng cho nhn vin chnh thc hoc iu chnh li hp ng lao ng i vi nhng nhn vin tuyn trong ni b.

43

Gim st Nhn s c nhim v son hp ng lao ng 1 nm k bi TG/PTG hoc Gim c c u quyn, cc iu khon trong hp ng tun theo Lut Lao ng v chnh sch hin hnh ca cng ty. Hp ng lao ng c th kt thc trc thi hn hoc gia hn thm. Hp ng lao ng c lm thnh 2 bn gc vi ch k ca c 2 bn, 1 bn gc a cho nhn vin chnh thc, bn cn li s c lu gi trong h s nhn vin ti Phng Nhn s.

44

Hnh 4.3. S Quy Trnh Tuyn Dng

Cc trng b phn
Phiu yu cu tuyn dng

Khng duyt

TG/PTG duyt
Duyt

Phng HC - NS

Ngn hng d liu

Phng HC - NS

Ngun nhn s

Khng t

Phng vn Vng 1
t

Khng t

Phng vn Vng 2
t

Hp ng th vic B tr cng vic thch hp hn

Khng t

nh gi th vic

Khng t

Phng vn thi vic

Hp ng lao ng

45

Ngun: Phng HC NS Quy trnh tuyn dng ca nh my c thit lp nhm cung ng nhn s cho cc b phn, phng ban theo xu hng kinh doanh, pht trin kinh doanh v yu cu sn xut ca nh my; h tr cho cc hot ng chin lc ca nh my v qun tr v s dng ngun nhn lc; ng thi to c hi bng nhau cho tt c ng vin v nhn vin. Quy trnh tuyn dng c trnh by r rng, c th v theo mt trnh t nht nh. Trong thi gian thc tp ti nh my, tc gi nhn thy phn ln cng vic tuyn dng ti nh my u thc hin theo ng cc bc trong quy trnh tuyn dng m Ban Gim c ra. Khi gi phiu yu cu tuyn dng nhn s, bt buc trng b phn phi a km theo bng m t cng vic cho b phn Tuyn dng b phn Tuyn dng c th cn c vo cc yu cu trn bng m t m tm c ng vin ph hp. Quy trnh tuyn dng ny i hi phi c s phi hp nhp nhng ca cc b phn c lin quan th cng tc tuyn dng mi t hiu qu nhanh chng c. Nh vy, c th ni cng tc tuyn dng gi vai tr quan trng trong vic cung cp nhn s cho hot ng pht trin ca nh my, v iu ng ni l nh my thit lp mt quy trnh tuyn dng ph hp, c hiu qu. 4.3.2. nh gi tnh hnh tuyn dng nhn s hin nay ti nh my Bn cnh vic nh my ang s hu mt i ng nhn vin c thm nin cng tc lu nm th ty tng v tr c th m nh my u tin tuyn chn nhng ng vin c b dy kinh nghim hoc nhng ng vin cha c kinh nghim. Hin nay, nh my ang trin khai d n ng mi tu nng E320 LIFT BOAT nn vic cn mt i ng cng nhn vin lnh ngh, giu kinh nghim gip cho nh my c th hon thnh sm d n ny v tip tc nhn cc hp ng ng tu khc t pha cc i tc. Xut pht t thc tin , nh my ang hng n vic tuyn dng, xy dng mt i ng nhn vin c tay ngh, cht lng v gn b lu di vi nh my. a) Chi ph tuyn dng nm 2007

46

Ty vo tnh hnh hot ng sa cha, ng tu v k kt hp ng vi khch hng m nh my s hoch nh nhu cu ngun nhn lc cho ph hp. T , nh my s ln k hoch chi ph cho tuyn dng. Chi ph m nh my chi cho tuyn dng nhn s nm 2007 c th hin qua bng sau: Bng 4.7. Chi Ph Cho Hot ng Tuyn Dng Nm 2007 VT: VND Loi chi ph Internet Trung tm gii thiu vic lm Cc trng ngh Bo Cng tc ph Tng S tin 27.456.000 3.200.000 69.000.000 3.500.000 9.600.000 112.756.000 T l (%) 24,35 2,84 61,20 3,10 8,51 100,00

Ngun: B Phn Tuyn Dng Chi ph tuyn dng nh my dnh cho cc trng ngh l cao nht chim 61,20%. Tip n l chi ph cho vic tm h s ng vin trn internet chim 24,35% chi ph chi cho tuyn dng nm 2007 ch yu l tm kim cc v tr k s v nhn vin khi vn phng. Cc chi ph cn li dnh cho cng tc ph (8,51%), ng tuyn dng trn bo (3,10%) v cho cc trung tm gii thiu vic lm (2,84%). b) Ngun tuyn dng Ti nh my thng thng cc v tr cng vic c tuyn t nhiu ngun khc nhau v mi ng vin u c c hi ng tuyn nh nhau vo cc v tr khc nhau ca nh my. Tuy nhin, nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn l mt cng ty con ca tp on EZRA Singapore nn cc thnh vin trong Ban Gim c u l ngi nc ngoi nh v tr Ph Tng Gim c, Gim c khi ng tu, Gim c khi cng nghip cn mt s v tr trng phng khc s do cc nhn vin Vit Nam giu kinh nghim m trch nh Trng Phng Hnh chnh Nhn s, Trng Phng Cht Lng, Trng Phng K Ton, 47

Ty tng v tr cng vic m nh my xc nh cc ngun tuyn dng khc nhau nh l thng bo ni b; ngi quen ca nhn vin SSY; qung co trn bo ch, truyn thng; trung tm gii thiu vic lm; cc trng dy ngh, cao ng k thut, i hc. iu ny chng t nh my tn dng c cc ngun thu ht nhn lc t bn ngoi v bn trong. Bng 4.8. S Nhn Vin Nhn Thng Tin Tuyn Dng Qua Cc Ngun Ngun Bo ch Hc ngh ti nh my Internet Ngi quen Thng bo ni b Trung tm gii thiu vic lm Trng i hc, cao ng, trung hc dy ngh Tng S lng 3 1 7 34 6 4 20 75 T l (%) 4 1 9 45 8 5 27 100

Ngun: Kt Qu iu Tra Thng qua bng trn ta nhn thy phn ln ngun tuyn dng ca nh my ch yu tp trung vo ngun ngi quen gii thiu (45%). Nh vy, nh my nn tn dng ngun thu ht nhn lc ny bng cch ra v thc hin tt chnh sch cho nhn vin to lng tin ni nhn vin v t thng qua s quen bit ca mnh h s gii thiu ngi quen ca mnh vo lm vic cho nh my. Bn cnh vic tp trung tn dng ngun ngi quen gii thiu, nh my nn tn dng vo ngun ng vin t cc trng i hc, cao ng, trng ngh (27%) bng vic lin h thm cc trng ngh, t chc thm nhiu t thc tp hn na, y l mt cch cho thc tp sinh tip xc v lm quen vi mi trng lm vic, t h s quyt nh l c nn li nh my sau thi gian thc tp hay khng. Song song , nh my cng nn ch trng n cc ngun 48

tuyn dng khc nh qua internet, thng bo ni b, cc trung tm gii thiu vic lm v bo ch c th m bo tuyn c s lng v cht lng nhn vin cn thit phc v cho nhu cu hot ng ca nh my. c) Tnh hnh tuyn dng ti nh my nm 2007 Bng 4.9. Tnh Hnh Tuyn Dng Nm 2007 S nhn vin ngh tuyn (Ngi) Nhn Vin trc tip Phng HC NS Phng iu hnh sn xut Phng kho vn Phng an ton Tng s 147 6 12 1 1 167 S nhn vin c tuyn mi (Ngi) 120 5 9 1 1 136 T l (%) 81.6 83.3 75 100 100 81.4 Ngun: Phng HC NS Nh vy, trong nm qua s lao ng tuyn mi ch p ng c 81.4% lng ngh tuyn, con s ny khng cao nhng cng vic ca nh my c thc hin tri chy. Trong , s nhn vin thuc cc b phn bn Phng iu hnh sn xut cn tuyn 12 ngi nhng ch tuyn c 9 ngi nguyn nhn l b phn k thut v kim nh cht lng cn tuyn cc k s c kinh nghim trong ngnh ng tu nhng hin nay cc k s c kinh nghim ang lm vic cho cc nh my ng tu khc, cn cc k s mi ra trng th li khng c kinh nghim. Cn cc phng ban khc, s nhn vin mi p ng tng i y v s lng.

Ch tiu

d) V tr cng vic v chuyn mn c o to Hnh 4.4. T L Nhn Vin C Vic Lm Ph Hp Vi Chuyn Ngnh 49

T L Nhn Vin C Vic Lm Ph Hp Vi Chuyn Ngnh

Khng 29%

C 71%

N = 75

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu Kt qu iu tra cho thy c 71% nhn vin c cng vic ti nh my ph hp vi chuyn ngnh mnh c o to, cn li 29% nhn vin lm vic cha ng vi chuyn mn ca mnh. S d c tnh trng t l nhn vin lm vic cha ng vi chuyn mn cn cao l do hin nay nhu cu nhn s ca nh my rt ln nhng cha tuyn c theo nhu cu, do c mt s cng nhn phi m nhn ca hai hoc ba khu trong cng vic. Tuy nhin y ch l tnh trng tm thi v hin ti nh my nhn c rt nhiu h s xin vic v ang gp rt tip tc tin hnh tuyn dng thm nhn s.

e) Thuyn chuyn nhn vin Hnh 4.5. T L Thuyn Chuyn Nhn Vin 50

T L Thuyn Chuyn Ca Nhn Vin

C 24%

Khng 76%

N = 75

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu Qua iu tra cho thy c 24% nhn tng thuyn chuyn, m nhn v tr khc ti nh my trong qu trnh lm vic. 76% cn li vn m nhn v tr c k t khi lm vic ti nh my. Nhng nhn vin tng chuyn cng tc ti nh my nguyn nhn chnh l do h c th hon thnh tt cng vic hn ti v tr m h c chuyn n hoc do h c b nhim vo v tr lnh o cao hn (c bt thng chc). f) nh gi mc hi lng ca nhn vin v cng vic ti nh my Bng 4.10. Mc Hi Lng Ca Nhn Vin V Cng Vic Ti Nh My Mc hi lng Rt hi lng Hi lng Khng hi lng Tng S lng 16 54 5 75 T l (%) 21 72 7 100

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu Qua bng trn ta thy c 21% nhn vin rt hi lng vi cng vic hin ti ca mnh, 72% nhn vin hi lng vi cng vic hin ti, ch c 7% l khng hi lng vi cng vic hin ti. iu ny chng t rng cng tc thu ht, duy tr v pht trin nhn 51

s trong nh my c quan tm ng mc, cc chnh sch v k hoch v nhn s a ra ph hp vi tnh hnh hin ti v tng lai. g) Nhng kh khn trong cng vic Hnh 4.6. Nhng Kh Khn Trong Cng Vic Ca Nhn Vin

Nhng Kh Khn Trong Cng Vic

55% 36% 21% 13%

Chuyn mn cha ph hp

Khi lng Mi trng lm cng vic qu vic nhiu

Khc

N = 75 Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu C 36% nhn vin c kho st cho rng h gp kh khn v mi trng lm vic. y cng l iu d hiu v y l mt nh my ng tu, nn bui tra tri rt nng vo ma nng, cn vo ma ma th nn t i vo phn xng rt snh ly. 21% nhn vin cho rng h gp kh khn trong cng vic v chuyn mn v tr h m nhn cha ph hp vi nhng g h c o to. 13% nhn vin c hi cho rng khi lng cng vic h phi m nhn l qu nhiu. C 55% nhn vin cho rng h cn gp nhng kh khn khc trong cng vic nh: thiu trang thit b my mc cho cng vic, p lc t cp trn, thi gian i cng tc di v xa gia nh (Vng Tu, H Tin, H Ty). Hin nay, nh my trin khai xy dng thm mt phn xng mi k bn phn xng hin ti vi quy m rng v tin nghi hn rt nhiu. D kin, phn xng sn xut mi s a vo hot ng vo thng 8 nm 2008. Hnh 4.7. M Hnh Thit K Phn Xng Mi Ca Nh My ng Tu Si Gn

52

 Nhn xt chung cho qu trnh tuyn dng nhn s ti nh my:

Trong thi gian thc tp, qua quan st thc t hot ng tuyn dng ca nh my t khu xc nh nhu cu nhn s cho n khu nh gi th vic tt c u c thc hin theo ng l thuyt quy trnh tuyn dng ca nh my. Mt thc t hin nay m nh my ang mc phi l lng h s xin vic ca nh my ang tn ng do s lng ng tuyn vo th nhiu nhng kinh nghim v tay ngh th cha c hoc l c tay ngh nhng cha ph hp vi yu cu thc t ca cng vic. Mt vn khc na l cc b phn, phng ban d bo nhu cu nhn s cha chnh xc, thc t cho thy rng theo k hoch t nm ngoi ca khi ng tu v b phn sn xut l n thng 4 nm nay phi tuyn s lng cng nhn cn thit cho hot ng sn xut. Tuy nhin hin nay b phn tuyn dng trin khai k hoch tuyn gn s lng cng nhn theo yu cu th li xut hin vn l phi tm gc li h s cc cng nhn t phng vn, bi v hin nay nh xng ang b qu ti, phi ch n khi nh xng mi xy xong th gi cng nhn i lm. Nh vy, cc 53

trng b phn, phng ban cn phi xem xt li cng tc xc nh nhu cu cho b phn mnh v nh my nn p dng cc bin php khc d bo nhu cu ngoi vic da vo nhu cu tuyn dng ca cc trng b phn v Ban Lnh o nh my. Bn cnh , nh my cng nn quan tm hn na n nhng kh khn trong cng vic m nhn vin gp phi kp thi khc phc, to s thoi mi, an ton trong lao ng cho cng nhn. T s gp phn lm cho nng sut lao ng v hiu qu cng vic ca nh my s c ci thin ng k. 4.4. Thc trng cng tc o to nhn vin ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn 4.4.1. Xc nh nhu cu o to ti nh my Vic xc nh nhu cu nhn s trong nh my phn ln cn c vo yu cu phn cng trch nhim, quyn hn v theo yu cu ca d n cng trnh m nh my thc hin. T nhng yu cu , trng b phn s xc nh nhn vin ca b phn mnh ang c g v cn o to thm chuyn ngnh phc v cho d n cng trnh v hot ng sp ti ca nh my ngy cng tt hn. Hng nm, cn c vo chnh sch pht trin ca nh my nh vic m rng quy m, ng mi cc con tu chuyn dng vi t trng ln. Vic ng mi cc con tu cn phi c cc thit b tin tin v hin i, trong khi nhn vin vn cha c lm quen v cp nht thng tin v cc thit b mi , do nh my cn t chc cc bui o to cho nhn vin lm quen vi cch vn hnh v bo tr cc thit b . Khoa hc k thut ngy cng pht trin, nhn vin cha kp thch nghi vi s pht trin nn vic xc nh nhu cu o to cho nhn vin trong nh my l iu cn thit v quan trng trong qu trnh hot ng ca nh my. Bn cnh nhng cn c trn th nhu cu o to ca nh my cng nn da vo yu cu cn c o to ca nhn vin . Khi nhn vin cm thy mnh cn c hc thm v chuyn mn, nghip v lin quan n lnh vc ca mnh th Ban Lnh o cn xem xt v t chc cc lp hc ph hp vi tm t nguyn vng ca nhn vin. y l iu m nh my cha ch trng lm.

Hnh 4.8. Nhu Cu Cn c o To Ca Nhn Vin 54

Nhu Cu Cn c o To Ca Nhn Vin

Khng 40% C 60%

N = 75

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu Xut pht t nhu cu thc t ca nhn vin l h c nhu cu c o to thm v chuyn mn ca mnh (60%) v cc lp hc m h mun tham gia l cc lp hc lin quan n lnh vc h ang m nhim. y c th c xem nh l mt trong nhng l do m nhn vin cha hi lng v cng vic hin ti hoc h ang c mun nng cao chuyn mn ca mnh. V vi kinh nghim v chuyn mn cao hn th nhn vin cng s c c mc lng cao hn tng ng vi trnh v nng lc ca mnh. Vic xc nh nhu cu o to s c phn cng cho cc trng b phn xem xt. Sau khi phn tch tnh hnh thc t v nhn thy nhn vin mnh cn c nng cao k nng, kin thc cn thiu cho cng vic, trng b phn s lp phiu yu cu o to v lp danh sch nhn vin cn c o to, sau chuyn cho phng HC NS, phng HC NS s s chuyn cho Ban Gim c xem xt v ph duyt. Bn cnh cc chnh sch o to v pht trin ca nh my, nhn vin vn mun t pht trin bn thn bng cch t mnh ng k tham gia vo cc lp hc ngoi gi lm vic. Nhu cu t pht trin ca nhn vin c th hin qua biu sau:

Hnh 4.9. T L Nhn Vin T Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Khc Ngoi Nh My 55

T L Nhn Vin T Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Khc Ngoi Nh My

C 39% Khng 61%

N = 75

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu Qua bng trn c th thy s lng nhn vin t mnh tham gia kho hc ngoi gi lm vic chim 39 %, con s ny khng nhiu nhng ta thy c y l nhng ngi mun t hon thin nng lc ca mnh hn na nhm phc v cho cng vic hin ti trong nh my, ng thi to tin cho h thng tin trong tng lai sau ny. y c th c xem nh mt lc lng lao ng tim nng c t cht ca mt nh qun l. Nhng kin thc h mun t mnh bi dng thm ch yu l v chuyn mn, ngoi ng v tin hc. Trong thi gian thc tp v tm hiu ti nh my, tc gi nhn thy cng tc xc nh nhu cu o to ca nh my vn cn hn ch nh vic xc nh nhu cu o to ch c giao cho cc trng b phn xem xt thng qua vic theo di cch thc lm vic v hiu qu cng vic ca nhn vin. Ngoi phng php ny, tc gi nhn thy nh my nn tip nhn thm kin ca nhn vin xem h c cn b sung kin thc, k nng g khng. Khi tip nhn nhu cu c o to ca nhn vin, Ban Lnh o nh my cn xem xt nhu cu c chnh xc v cn thit hay khng. Bi v c nhng cng vic nhn vin ch cn hc hi kinh nghim t nhng nhn vin c thm nin lm lu nm ti nh my hoc trong qu trnh thc tp, lm vic ti y s gip cho nhn vin c c nhng k nng cn thit m khng cn phi i hc bn ngoi. Nu khng xem xt cn thn, c nhng nhn vin khng cn i hc cng ng k i hc, lm nh vy h va khng phi lm vic li cn c hng lng trong thi gian i hc, nu 56

hn ch c vic ny nh my s tit kim c mt khon chi ph o to khng cn thit. 4.4.2. Cng tc thc hin o to ti nh my a) Nhng quy nh v cng tc o to trong nh my Ban Gim c s xem xt ngun nhn lc c ph hp vi k hoch pht trin v yu cu ci tin ca nh my, ca khch hng hay khng, t c k hoch o to nu cn thit. Sau khi lp xong danh sch nhn vin o to. Tng Gim c/Ph Tng Gim c s phn cng ngi chu trch nhim v la chn loi hnh o to (bn ngoi hay bn trong). Khi phiu yu cu o to c duyt, phng Hnh chnh Nhn s lp k hoch o to trin khai. Trng hp o to bn ngoi, phng Hnh chnh Nhn s tin hnh chn nh cung cp dch v o to. Nu o to bn ngoi theo chng trnh bn cung ng lp sn v gi n mi tham d th khng cn tin hnh nh gi nh cung cp dch v o to. Nhng nhn vin c nh my c i hc c nhim v phi thng bo tnh hnh hc tp cng nh tnh hnh n , i li cho b phn qun l 2 tun 1 ln. T , nh my mi tip tc c cho nhn vin tip tc kha hc hay khng, nu nh nhn vin khng th p ng c nhng yu cu ca nh my ra th ban qun l s c v xut nhn vin khc tham gia kha hc. Tt c cc nhn vin c nh my c i hc, sau khi hon tt kha hc phi c trch nhim bo co kt qu o to v np bng gc cho nh my quyt ton chi ph o to. Trong trng hp, nhn vin c c i hc vi phm ni quy cam kt phi hon tr chi ph o to. Khi c yu cu ca ban gim c, nhng nhn vin c tham gia kha o to phi c trch nhim o to li cho cc nhn vin khc c cng vic lin quan n ni dung o to. Cc trng b phn c trch nhim o to nhn vin phng ban mnh khi nhn nhn s mi. b) Chnh sch o to v pht trin nhn vin ca nh my

57

Ty vo chnh sch v k hoch hot ng ca nh my, Ban Lnh o s c k hoch v chnh sch o to, pht trin nhn vin cho ph vi tnh hnh hin ti v tng lai ca nh my. Ty vo cp bc v loi cng vic m nh my c chnh sch o to, pht trin ph hp. V di y l chnh sch pht trin nhn s ca nh my: i vi lao ng trc tip: - o to ni b: do cc gim st c kinh nghim thc hin. - o to bn ngoi: gi i hc cc t chc trong nc v quc t. - o to v nng cao tay ngh bc th. i vi lao ng gin tip: - o to ni b: o to trong cng vic hoc lun chuyn cng vic. - o to bn ngoi: gi i hc cc t chc trong nc v quc t. - o to v bt n cc v tr cao hn. c) Tnh hnh o to ti nh my Theo quy nh ca nh my, trong tun lm vic u tin nhn vin mi s c gii thiu vi ton th nhn vin trong bui hp an ton sng th hai hng tun. Trong bui hp ny chuyn vin an ton c nhim v thng bo vi ton th nhn vin bit trong tun va qua cng tc an ton c c thc hin theo quy nh hay khng, c v tai nn lao ng no xy ra hay khng, nhc nh anh ch em cng nhn nn thc hin tt cng tc an ton nhm gim thiu ti a tai nn c th xy ra. ng thi thng qua cuc hp ny, Ban Gim c s thng bo vi nhn vin cc vn lin quan ti hot ng, chnh sch ca nh my trong thi gian ti, ng vin khuyn khch nhn vin c gng lm vic hon thnh cng vic theo kp tin , ng lch trnh giao hng cho i tc. Cuc hp sng th hai hng tun ny chnh l cu ni cho Ban Gim c v nhn vin gn gi nhau hn. Do tnh cht cng vic v theo quy nh, c mi t tip nhn thc tp sinh, k s, nhn vin mi bn k thut n lm vic ti nh my, nhng nhn vin mi ny s c tham gia kho hc an ton lao ng v nh hng hi nhp do chuyn vin an ton v chuyn vin tuyn dng ca nh my thc hin. Thng qua lp hc ny nhn 58

vin s hiu thm v c s vt cht, cng vic kinh doanh, s t chc, tun th theo ni quy cng ty, ni quy an ton v nhng im chnh v chnh sch ch ca cng ty. Hc vin s c hc v cch an ton trong vic s dng my ct, my mi bng tay hc vin s c xem hnh nh v t th s dng my nh th no l ng v an ton. Bn cnh vic hc s dng cc loi my trn, hc vin cn c hng dn cch s dng v cch tht dy an ton khi phi lm vic trn cao, cch vn hnh cu v ra du tay cho ngi li cu vn hnh theo ca mnh. Thng qua lp hc ny, nhn vin c trang b nhng kin thc c bn v an ton trong qu trnh lm vic ti nh my. h tr cho cng tc an ton tt hn, ngy u tin i lm cng nhn v nhn vin k thut s c trang b cc thit b bo h nh qun o, giy, nn, knh bo h gip cng nhn hn ch nhng ri ro c th xy ra trong lc lm vic. Ngoi cng tc an ton lao ng khi lm vic trong xng, ty theo cng vic ca tng t i, nh my s t chc hun luyn ring cho tng t i. Hng nm nh my c mi cn b trn S Phng Chy Cha Chy TP.HCM xung hun luyn cho nhn vin cng tc phng chy cha chy v sau mi kho hc nhn vin s c cp giy chng nhn. Nhm gip cho nhn vin mi lm quen vi cng vic, trong thi gian th vic trng b phn s phn cng trch nhim cho cc c cng c ngi hng dn, km cp nhn vin mi lm quen vi cng vic v theo di vic nh gi nhn vin trong thi gian th vic. d) Cc kha o to trong nm 2007 Trong nm 2007, nh my t chc v gi nhn vin i hc c 9 lp hc v o to c cho 98 lt nhn vin. Trong nm ny, nh my ch yu o to cho lao ng trc tip sn xut (th hn, th st), b phn kim nh cht lng v mt s c cng (foreman). Nhn chung t l nhn vin t yu cu t cc kha o to l 100%. Ring kha o to th hn theo tiu chun quc t do cng ty Brueau Veritas ging dy ch c 86% s nhn vin tham gia kha hc t yu cu (tng ng vi 6/7 ngi). Danh sch cc kha o to c th nh sau:

59

Bng 4.11. Danh Sch Cc Kha o To Nh My T Chc V Gi Nhn Vin i Hc Trong Nm 2007 STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ni dung o to An ton lao ng o to th hn theo tiu chun quc t K nng qun l ca qun c v t trng o to h thng Qun l cht lng ISO 9001:2000 o to kim tra cht lng mi hn o to th hn Tn n v o to Si Gn Shipyard Brueau Veritas Trung tm K thut Tiu chun o lng Cht lng 3 Trung tm K thut Tiu chun o lng Cht lng 3 Apave Vit Nam & ng Nam i hc Bch Khoa TP.HCM Thi gian o to 23 - 25/02/2007 05 - 10/03/2007 14 - 16/05/2007 17 - 19/05/2007 07 - 08/06/2007 06 - 17/08/2007 20 - 22/08/2007 14 - 16/11/2007 S nhn vin tham d (ngi) 48 7 5 2 2 15 5 6 T l t yu cu (%) 100 86 100 100 100 100 100 100

o to Cht lng Apave Vit Nam & ng Nam kt cu v tu o to Kim tra khng ph Apave Vit Nam & ng Nam hy (Non - Destructive Testing) o to v An ton phng chy cha chy S Phng Chy Cha Chy TP.HCM

20 - 21/12/2007

100

Ngun: B Phn Tuyn Dng 60

Hnh 4.10. T L Nhn Vin Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Ca Nh My

T L Nhn Vin Tham Gia Cc Kha o To Ca Nh My

tham gia 31% Cha tham gia 69%

N = 75

Ngun: Kt Qu Nghin Cu 31% nhn vin c kho st tham gia cc kha o to do nh my t chc hoc gi i hc ti cc trng. Cc nhn vin ny ch yu l nhng cng nhn trc tip sn xut v mt b phn nhng ngi qun l, c cng ca nh my. Tuy nhin, s nhn vin cha tng tham gia kha o to no ca nh my l kh nhiu, chim n 69% s ngi c hi. Nguyn nhn l do nhng ngi ny l cc nhn vin mi vo nn nh my cha kp b tr cc lp o to h nng cao trnh chuyn mn ca mnh. e) T chc thi tay ngh Hng nm, nh my c t chc thi nng bc th cho cng nhn, cuc thi ny c Ban Gim c t chc ti xng v mi cc t chc ng kim bn ngoi n nh gi, cp bng cho cng nhn. y c xem nh mt hnh thc nng cao tay ngh cho nhn vin ng thi cng to iu kin cho nhn vin c c mc lng cao hn. C mi nm nh my s c hai t nh gi xem xt vic tng lng cho ton th cn b cng nhn vin trong nh my, vic nh gi ny s c tin hnh cng khai v kt qu cui cng s do Ban Gim c xem xt, quyt nh tng lng i vi nhng c nhn c nh gi tt v lm vic c hiu qu, ngc li i vi nhng c nhn vi phm k lut v lm vic khng c hiu qu s khng c tng 61

lng. Vic xem xt tng lng ny l ng lc gip cho cn b cng nhn vin phn u lm vic ht mnh cho nh my. Thi gian c d thi nng bc th ca cng nhn theo quy nh ti nh my: - i vi th bc 6, bc 7 phi sau thi gian lm vic ti thiu l 5 nm. - i vi th bc 5 tr ln phi sau thi gian lm vic ti thiu l 4 nm. - i vi th bc 4 tr xung phi sau thi gian lm vic ti thiu l 3 nm. Bng 4.12. S Lng Nhn Vin c o To Nng Bc Trong Nm 2007 Bc th 7/7 6/7 5/7 4/7 Tng S lng (ngi) 1 4 12 42 59 S nhn vin t (ngi) 1 4 11 37 53 T l t (%) 100 100 92 88 90 Ngun: B Phn Tuyn Dng t c bc th cng cao i hi nhn vin phi c c qu trnh tch ly v kinh nghim chuyn mn v p ng c khong thi gian lm vic theo quy nh th nh my mi c th t chc cho o to thm v thi nng bc ngh cho h. V vy bc 7/7 ch c 1 nhn vin thi v t, bc 6/7 c 4 nhn vin thi v t, bc 5/7 c 12 nhn vin thi v 11 nhn vin t, bc 4/7 c 42 nhn vin thi v c 37 ngi t. f) K hoch o to d kin cho 6 thng cui nm 2008 Nhm chun b cho k hoch trong tng lai ca mnh Ban Gim c ang chun b cho mt lng cng nhn ph vic tham gia cc lp hc o to, hai lp th hn v mt lp th ng ti trng ngh nhm b sung thm i ng nhn vin c tay ngh thc hin cc d n khc ca nh my. Nh my ch ng lin h, tm trng, tha thun chi ph o to cho cc hc vin ca mnh. Mi lp hc s c khong 25 hc vin, 1 lp hc ko di 10 tun, chi ph cho mi lp l 100 triu. Hc vin s c 62

hc l thuyt ti trng v thc hnh ti nh my, nh my s h tr ti a trang thit b cho hc vin thc hnh tt nht. Sau kha hc hc vin s tr v lm vic cho nh my. Bng 4.13. Chi Ph D Kin Cho 3 Kha Lin Kt o To Nm 2008 Tn n v tham gia o to Trng Cao 1 o to th hn ng K Thut Cao Thng Trng Cao 2 o to th hn ng K Thut Cao Thng Trng Cao 3 o to th ng ng K Thut Cao Thng Thi gian o to S lng d kin (ngi) Chi ph d kin (triu ng)

STT

Ni dung o to

04/08/2008 04/10/2008

25

100

18/08/2008 18/10/2008

25

100

08/09/2008 10/11/2008

25

100

Ngun: B Phn Tuyn Dng Nhn xt chung cho cng tc o to nhn s ti nh my: Nhn chung cng tc o to hin nay ca nh my tng i y , phc v cho cng tc hot ng hng ngy ca nh my. Cc lp hc o to ch yu l v an ton lao ng, phng chy cha chy, t chc hng dn cng vic cho nhn vin mi vo, t chc thi nng cao tay ngh bc th Cc lp hc ny c bn p ng c i hi ca yu cu cng vic hng ngy. Tuy nhin cng tc o to ti nh my cn mt vi hn ch cn khc phc: ngoi vic trng b phn xc nh nhu cu o to nn quan tm, xem xt nhu cu c o to ca nhn vin, vic cc nhn vin lm vic di s qun l ca trng b phn s dn n mt s nh hng tiu cc n cng tc o to v pht trin nhn vin. V d nu nhn vin khng lm hi lng cp trn th nhn vin s kh c c hi c thng tin cho d nhn vin c lm vic hiu qu hay khng. Mt thc t ng ghi nhn trong cng tc o to ca nh my, 63

mc d c chnh sch o to v pht trin cho nhn vin nhng do nhu cu sp ti, nh my ang cn tuyn mt lng ln cc ng vin c kinh nghim, tuyn vo l c th lm vic ngay m khng phi tn thi gian o to nhiu, chnh v vy m hot ng o to v pht trin nhn vin ca nh my cha thc hin trit . Trong tng lai khi quy m tng (d tnh n nm 2010 s lng cng nhn vin l 800 ngi) v ty theo tng d n cng trnh m nh my c th t chc cc lp o to v p dng chnh sch pht trin nhn vin di hn hn. 4.5. Gii php 4.5.1. V cng tc tuyn dng - c th p ng c nhu cu nhn s cho cc cng vic hin ti (hp ng ng tu E320 LIFT BOAT) th vic tm hiu, thm d kin ca tng phng ban, b phn v nhu cu tuyn dng l iu v cng cn thit. - M rng v nng cao hiu qu tuyn dng t cc ngun khc ngoi ngun nhn vin tuyn c t s quen bit, gii thiu c th tuyn c nhng ngi tht s ti nng v cn thit cho nh my. - Nhanh chng gii quyt h s ng tuyn cho cc ng vin v hin nay s lng h s tuyn dng cn tn ng nh my l kh nhiu. 4.5.2. V cng tc o to v pht trin nhn vin - Tng phng ban, b phn s tm kim v thu thp thng tin v cc kha o to ph hp vi yu cu cng tc o to ca phng ban, b phn mnh. Cn b cng nhn vin s t i chiu vi kh nng ca mnh m xut vi trng b phn c th tham gia cc kha hc . Trng phng s l ngi c trch nhim kim tra nhng ng k ny t s xc nh c nhu cu o to ca n v. - Nh my cn hon thin hn v cng tc nh gi kt qu o to. Nhng nhn vin sau khi c o to s c c n v tr ph hp vi kh nng ca mnh hn. Nh my c th c ngi ( c th l cc c cng, trng phng, trng b phn) quan st trc tip hay gin tip cc nhn vin c o to hoc kho lo iu tra nhng nhn vin cng b phn vi h nh gi xem kha hc c tht s

64

gip ch g c cho h hay khng, t c th rt ra nhng kinh nghim cho vic t chc cc kha o to sau ny. - Cn phi lp h s lu li nhng thnh tch m nhn vin t c, mc d thnh tch ln hay nh. V nhng thnh tch ny s l c s nh my c th bt, tin c cho nhn vin. Nh my cng cn ph bin rng ri nhng quy nh cho nhn vin bit cn phi lm g c th t c v tr m mnh mong mun. Phi cho nhn vin bit nhng thnh tch m h t c d ln hay nh cng s nh hng n c hi thng tin trong tng lai.

65

CHNG 5 KT LUN V KIN NGH

5.1. Kt lun Thi gian thc tp ti nh my sa cha v ng tu Si Gn cho ti hc hi c nhiu kinh nghim cng nh nhng hiu bit mi v mt mi trng lm vic nng ng vi nhng nhn vin nhit huyt, trung thnh. Bng s quan tm to nhiu iu kin nhn s pht trin c v trnh chuyn mn ln o c, nh my c mt i ng nhn vin nhit tnh lm vic, trnh chuyn mn ngy cng cao v lun gn b vi nh my cng n lc a nh my ngy mt pht trin i ln. Song bn cnh vn tn ti mt s vn v cng tc tuyn dng v o to nhn s nh my cn phi ch khc phc. Qua qu trnh tm hiu v hai cng tc ny ti nh my sa cha v ng tu, ti i n mt s kt lun sau: 5.1.1. V cng tc tuyn dng - Nh my ng tu Si Gn c mt quy trnh tuyn dng ring cho mnh v ng dng vo thc t trong cng cc tuyn dng ti cng ty. Tuy nhin cha tht s c c s phi hp cht ch gia cc phng ban, b phn v nhu cu tuyn dng nhn s. - Ngun tuyn dng ca nh my chim phn ln l t s quen bit gii thiu ln nhau ca cc nhn vin trong nh my vi ngi thn, ngi quen ca h. iu ny mc d c gim c chi ph ng tuyn trn cc phng tin thng tin khc nhng cng c nhc im l nhn s c tuyn vo t s quen bit ny liu c p ng c nhng yu cu ca cng ty v trnh v tay ngh.

- Nhn s ti nh my ang c s kt hp gia i ng nhng cng nhn lnh ngh c thm nin vi cc cng nhn mi. y l mt thun li khng nh cho nh my trong giai on ny khi va c c tnh kinh nghim va c c tnh nng ng ca sc tr vi kh nng tip thu cao nhng k thut hn v ng tu. - Bn cnh vic tuyn dng th cc chnh sch v s quan tm dnh cho nhn vin nh my cng c thc hin kh tt. iu ny gip nhn vin pht huy ht nhng kh nng ca mnh cho nh my v quan trng hn na l nh my c th gi chn c nhn vin, trnh hin tng chy mu cht xm. 5.1.2. V cng tc o to - Cng tc o to ca nh my ng tu Si Gn hin nay tuy c kh nhiu nhng kha hc v an ton lao ng, phng chy cha chy, hun luyn cho nhn vin mi vo. Bn cnh vn cn rt nhiu nhn vin ang c nhu cu mun c o to thm nhm nng cao hiu qu trong cng vic ca mnh nhng nh my vn cha c nhiu nhng kha hc dnh cho nhn vin nng cao tay ngh v c nhng kho hc v ngoi ng. - Nh my c nhng chnh sch pht trin nhn vin nhng hin nay do nhu cu ca hot ng kinh doanh nn nh my ch tuyn nhng ng vin c kinh nghim trong ngnh ng tu. Hay c th ni hin nay nh my ch ch trng vo hot ng tuyn dng nhiu hn cc cng tc o to v pht trin nhn vin. Do , vic thc hin cng tc o to v pht trin nhn vin cn hn ch. 5.2. Kin ngh 5.2.1. V cng tc tuyn dng Nhm gip cho qu trnh tuyn dng v thu ht ngun nhn lc c th p ng y cho nhu cu sn xut kinh doanh ca mnh th nh my cn thit phi xy dng bn m t cng vic v bn tiu chun cng vic mt cch c th, r rng cho tng chc danh. Khi , nh my s c c nhng thun li sau: - C th phn cng, b tr lao ng hp l: ci t b my hay tinh gim bin ch nhm nng cao hiu qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. - nh gi chnh xc yu cu cng vic, tuyn ng ngi, ng vic. 67

- nh gi ng nng lc thc hin ca nhn vin lm c s tr lng, thng, kch thch h kp thi. Nh my cng nn hon thin hn na website ca mnh c th tn dng n nh mt knh thng bo nhng thng tin tuyn dng v thu ht ng vin thay v ch thu nhng trang web khc ng thng tin tuyn dng ca nh my. 5.2.2. V cng tc o to - Mi trng lm vic ti nh my i hi nhn vin phi thng xuyn tip xc vi cp trn l ngi nc ngoi (Singapore, Php) do , nh my nn t chc cc lp hc nng cao trnh ngoi ng cho nhn vin. iu ny s to nn s ni kt gia nhn vin vi cc lnh o l ngi nc ngoi, gia h s c s thng hiu vi nhau nhiu hn. T , cp trn s d dng hn trong vic truyn t thng tin ch o, o to pht trin nhn vin, ng thi nhn vin cng c th xut nhng kin ng gp nhm nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca nh my v v li ch ca chnh bn thn mnh. - o to nhn vin l mt vn ci tin lin tc v lu di. V th nh my nn thng xuyn thm d kin nhn vin v nhng kh khn trong cng vic hin ti ca h t c th t chc cc kho o to thm v k nng lm vic cho h. - Lin kt cng tc o to gia cc phng ban khng cn l vn ring ca tng phng ban m ca tt c mi ngi trong nh my. V yu t quan trng nht l tt c mi ngi trong nh my cn phi tch cc tham gia, ng gp kin, t Tng Gim c n cc anh ch cng nhn v n nh hng n cng tc v quyn li ca tt c mi ngi. Do , nh my cn ph bin rng ri cho ton b nhn vin v mc ch, phng hng o to ca nh my mi ngi c th hiu r v nm bt c hi thng tin cho mnh.

68

TI LIU THAM KHO

Nguyn Tn Bnh, nm 2000. Phn tch hot ng doanh nghip. NXB i hc Quc gia TP.HCM, 389 trang. TS. Phm Thanh Bnh, 1999. Qun Tr Hc C Bn. 179 trang. TS. Trn Kim Dung, 2006. Qun Tr Ngun Nhn Lc. Nh Xut Bn Gio Dc, 409 trang. Nguyn Hu Thn, 2006. Qun Tr Nhn S. Nh Xut Bn Thng K, 502 trang. Nguyn Bch Phng, 2005. Phn Tch Qu Trnh Hoch nh, Thu Ht V Tuyn Dng Nhn Lc Ti Khu Du Lch Sui Tin TP.HCM. Lun vn tt nghip c nhn Kinh t, i hc Nng Lm, TP. H Ch Minh. Trn Hong Phng, 2005. Mt S Bin Php Nhm Hon Thin Cng Tc o To V Pht Trin Ngun Nhn Lc Ti Cng Ty TNHH Sn Xut C Kh V Cu Trc NMC. Lun vn tt nghip c nhn Kinh t, i hc Nng Lm, TP. H Ch Minh.

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Ph lc 1

PHIU THM D KIN NHN VIN

1. Anh/Ch bit thng tin tuyn dng ca Saigon Shipyard t: Bng thng bo bi b Ngi quen gii thiu Bo ch C Trung tm gii thiu vic lm Trng ngh, cao ng k thut, i hc Internet Khng

2. Cng vic hin ti c ng vi chuyn ngnh m Anh/Ch c o to hay khng? 3. Anh/Ch lm vic Saigon Shipyard c bao lu?........................................................................ 4. Ngoi v tr hin ti, trc y Anh/Ch c m nhim v tr no khc Saigon Shipyard hay khng? C Rt hi lng Khng Hi lng Khng hi lng Khi lng cng vic qu nhiu Khc Khng 5. Anh/Ch c hi lng v cng vic hin ti ca mnh hay khng? 6. Anh/Ch c gp phi kh khn no trong cng vic hin ti: (c th chn nhiu p n) Chuyn mn cha ph hp Mi trng lm vic C

7. Anh/Ch c cm thy mnh cn phi c o to v bi dng thm v chuyn mn hay khng? Nu c, Anh/Ch vui lng cho bit mnh cn o to v:........................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................................ 8. Anh/Ch tng tham gia kha o to no ca Saigon Shipyard cha? C Cha Nu c, Anh/Ch vui lng cho bit mnh c o to v: ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 9. Ngoi cc kha o to ca Saigon Shipyard t chc, Anh/Ch c t mnh hc thm kha o to no khc khng? C Khng Nu c, Anh/Ch vui lng cho bit tn kha hc:.................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................ 10. Nu tham gia kha o to, Anh/Ch thy c gip ch c cho cng vic ca mnh hay khng? C Khng

Nu c th, xin Anh/Ch vui lng cho bit vi thng tin c nhn: H v tn: .....................................................Nm sinh:...................................................... Gii tnh: .....................................................Chc v:......................................................... Xin chn thnh cm n!

Ph lc 2

SAIGON SHIPYARD

JOB APPLICATION N XIN TUYN DNG

Passport-size (4x6) picture

Position Applied: 1. _________________________ (V tr tuyn dng) 2. _________________________ PERSONAL PARTICULARS -Please complete in capital letters (Thng tin C Nhn xin vit bng ch in hoa) FULL NAME: _______________________________ SEX: ____________________________ (H tn) (Gii tnh)

DATE OF BIRTH: ____________________________ NATIONALITY: ____________________ (Ngy sinh) (Quc Tch) ID /PASSPORT CARD No.: ____________________ ISSUANCE DATE:__________________ (S CMND / H Chiu) (Ngy cp) PERMANENT ADDRESS (a ch thng tr): _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________ CURRENT ADDRESS (a ch ch hin nay) _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________ CONTACT TEL. No.: __________ Email: ____________________ MOBILE No.: ___________ (S T lien h) (Th in t) (Di ng)

EDUCATION BACKGROUND (Qu trnh Hc Vn) Name of Institute (Tn trng) Duration (Thi gian ) Acedemic Qualification (Bng cp t c) Remarks (Ghi Ch)

ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL TRAING COURSE(S) (Cc kha o to chuyn ngnh b sung) Name of Institute (Tn trng) Duration (Thi gian ) Acedemic Qualification (Bng cp t c) Remarks (Ghi Ch)

FOREIGN LANGUAGE (Ngoi ng) Foreign Language Speak (Ngoi ng) (Ni)

Write (Vit)

Reading (c)

WORKING HISTORY - Please begin from most recent job (Qu trnh lm vic Xin bt u t cng vic gn y nht) Duration Company Name Last Position Remuneration (Thi gian) (Tn Cng ty) (Chc v cui ) (Mc Lng) Fr . . to: Fr ... to: Fr . . to:

Reason to Leave (L do ngh vic)

FAMILY BACKGROUND Parents, spouse, children (Gia nh Cha m, chng / v, con) Name Relationship Age Occupation (H tn) (Mi quan (Tui) (Ngh Nghip) h)

Address (a ch)

Expected salary: _____________________ Expected starting date: ________________ (Mc lng d kin) (Ngy d kin bt u) I pledge that all specified-above information are true and correct to my best and most updated knowledge. If there is discovery of any untrue or false declaration, I shall bear the full responsibility and the company reserves the right to terminate my job service, even when I am employed. (Ti cam kt tt c cc thng tin ni trn u l s thc v ng nht theo s hiu bit v cp nht mi nht ca ti. Nu pht hin c iu g khng ng hay sai tri ti s hon ton chu trch nhim, v cng ty gi quyn chm dt cng vic ca ti, ngay c sau khi ti c tuyn dng) Date: ../../. Signature (Ngy) (Ch k)

Ph lc 3 MANPOWER REQUEST FORM (PHIU YU CU TUYN DNG )

SAIGON SHIPYARD

The following manpower is being requested, with employment status of: Full-time / Temporary (Yu cu tuyn dng nhn s di y vi hnh thc cng vic: Ton thi gian /Thi v) New Job Position V tr Cng vic mi Replacement Tuyn thay th (A Job Description must be attached nh km bn M t cng vic) No (TT) 1 2 3 4 5 Position (V tr) Quantity (S lng) Sex (Gii tnh) SSY Current salary range (Mc lng hin ti ca SSY) Specific Qualifications (Tiu chun chuyn mn c th) Duration (Thi hn)

DIVISION/DEPARTMENT HEADS APPROVAL (PH DUYT CA TRNG B PHN) Signature/ K tn:

REQUESTER (NGI YU CU) Please specify the reason of the new Job Position: (Vui lng ghi r l do tuyn v tr cng vic mi) Signature Name (H tn): .. Department/Division (Phng/Ban): . Date (Ngy): ../ ..../ ...

Name (H tn): .. Date (Ngy): ./ .../

GENERAL DIRECTOR / DEPUTY GENERAL DIRECTORS APPROVAL and/or COMMENTS (PH DUYT v/hoc NHN XT CA TNG GIM C/ PH TNG GIM C)

Name (H tn): .. Date (Ngy): ..../ ../

Ph lc 4
.SAIGON SHIPYARD LTD Quarter 3, Thanh My Loi Ward, Dist 2, Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam 99
SAIGON SHIPYARD

,Tel: 84-8-8976 206, Fax: 84-8-8976446 Email: saigonshipyard@ssy.com.vn

CONFIRM LETTER (TH XC NHN)

Date: ../.../ (Ngy) Employees name (H Tn NV) Employee ID No. (M NV) Job Position (V tr cng tc) : : :

Department/Division: ... (B phn/Khi) I confirmed that I have been introduced by the Saigon Shipyard Ltd. to the hereunder specified company regulations. I have read, understood and pledged to have strict compliance :of said regulations Ti xin xc nhn c Nh My Sa Cha v ng tu Saigon gii thiu cc qui nh) (di y ca cng ty. Ti c, hiu v cam kt tun th nghim chnh cc qui nh ny 1. 2. 3. Company Labor Regulation (Ni quy Lao ng) Company Safety Regulations (Quy nh An Ton Lao ng) Job Description (Bn M T Cng Vic)

Signature - K tn (Full Name - Ghi r H tn)

Ph lc 5

INTERVIEW ASSESSMENT FORM (PHIU NH GI PHNG VN)

SAIGON SHIPYARD

Interviewees name: Sex: (H tn ng vin) (V tr phng vn) Interview contents (Ni dung phng vn):
(Mark an X at appropriate position, please note: 1 = Poor, 2 = Average, 3 = Fair, 4 = Good and 5 = Excellent ) (Vui lng nh du X vo v tr thch hp, ghi ch: 1 = Km, 2 = Trung bnh, 3 = Kh, 4 = Tt, 5 = Xut sc)

(Gii tnh).

Position applied for:..

APPEARANCE (NGOI HNH) Dressing (Trang phc) Body Language (Ngn ng hnh th) Eye Contact (nh mt) CHARACTERS (TNH CCH) Assertive (Tnh Quyt on) Cooperative (Tnh Hp tc) Responsibility spirit (Tinh thn trch nhim) Open minded (Tnh Ci M) Professionality (Tnh Chuyn nghip) Verbal / Persuasive (Li ni / Tnh thuyt phc) QUALIFICATIONS (HC VN) Education / Training (Hc vn / o To)

Achievements (Thnh tch) Professional Skills (K nng chuyn mn) Relevant experience (Kinh nghim lin quan) English literacy (speak, writing, listening) (Kh nng Anh vn ni, vit, nghe) JOB EXPECTATIONS (YU CU CNG VIC) Realistic (Tnh thc t) Potential (Tim nng) Matched requirements (t yu cu) OVERALL EVALUATION (NH GI CHUNG)
1 (Poor) 2 (Average) 3 (Fair) 4 (Good) 5 (Excellent)

EXPECTED REMUNERATION: (MC LNG MONG MUN) EXPECTED STARTING DATE: (NGY D KIN BT U)
INTERVIEWERS ADDITIONAL COMMENTS (NHN XT CA NGI PHNG VN)

Interview results (Kt qu phng vn):

Unqualified-Reject (Khng t) Keep-in-view (Lu h s) Qualified for Employment (Tuyn dng) Qualified for 2nd Round Interview (PV ln 2)

Probation salary: .. Probation Period: From to . (Lng th vic) (Thi gian th vic: T n )

Confirmed official salary: Allowances: (Lng chnh thc) (Ph cp)

Interviewers name (Ngi PV): Signature (K tn): Interview Date (Ngy PV): .../..../..

Ph lc 6

PROBATION ASSESSMENT FORM PHIU NH GI SAU TH VIC

SAIGON SHIPYARD

Employees name: .. Sex: .. Tn nhn vin Gii tnh Department / Division: .Position: . Phng/Khi Chc v Probation period: From ..././ to ./..../.... Probated salary(*): .. Thi gian th vic: T ngy n ngy Lng th vic
(Mark an X at appropriate position, please note: 1 = Poor, 2 = Average, 3 = Fair, 4 = Good and 5 = Excellent ) Vui lng nh du X vo v tr thch hp, ghi ch: 1 = Km, 2 = Trung bnh, 3 = Kh, 4 = Tt, 5 = Xut sc

No. TT 1 2

Assessment Contents (Ni dung nh gi)

Attendance / Chuyn cn Work Attitude / Thi lm vic Work Performance / Hiu qu 3 Cng vic 4 Disciplinary / Tnh k lut Job Knowledge / Kin thc v 5 Cng vic 6 Commitment / Mc cam kt Time / Deadline Management 7 Qun l thi gian/ Hn nh Communication Skill / K nng 8 giao tip Labor Safety Compliance / Tun 9 th ATL ISO System Compliance 10 Tun th h thng ISO 11 Initiative / Tnh ch ng Learning Ability/ Kh nng hc hi Appropriate Manners/ C x ph 13 hp Cost-saving Consciousness 14 thc tit kim 15 Teamwork / Lm vic i nhm 12

Immediate Supervisors comments (Nhn xt ca cp trn trc tip) General Assessment/ nh gi chung 1 = Poor 2 = Average 3 = Fair 4 = Good 5 = Excellent Name: . Date: /./.. Signature: RELEASE/ CHM DT

SUITABLE FOR ... . PH HP VI EMPLOYMENT CONFIRMED XC NHN TUYN DNG RECOMMENDATIONS / NHN XT ....

Creativity in work / Sng to trong cng vic Goals-oriented Mindset 17 thc nh hng v mc tiu Planning & Organization Skill 18 K nng Hoch nh & T chc Division Heads suggestions ( kin ca Trng B phn) Basic salary/ Lng c bn ..... . Allowance/ Ph cp ... Others/ Khc .. . Name/H tn: . 16 Date/ Ngy: ./...../ . Signature/ K tn:

. .... . .... . .... . GD /DGDs final decision (Quyt nh ca TG/ P.TG) Basic salary/ Lng c bn ..... . Allowance/ Ph cp ... .. Others/ Khc . . . . Name/H tn:. Date/ Ngy: ./...../ . Signature/ K tn:

Note: (*) to be filled in by ADM & HR Manager/ Mc (*) do G. HCNS in vo