nh lut Lambert Beer Khi chiu mt chm tia sng n sc i qua mt mi trng vt cht th cng ca tia sng ban

an u ( Io ) s b gim i ch cn l I T s : (I/I0 )*100 = T : c gi l truyn qua ((I I0)/ I)*100 = A : c gi l hp th

Hnh. S hp th nh sang trong dung dch I0 = IA + IR + I Trong : Io: Cng ban u ca ngun sng IA: Cng nh sng b hp thu bi dung dch I: Cng nh sng sau khi qua dung dch. IR: Cng nh sng phn x bi thnh cuvette v dung dch, gi tr ny c loi b bng cch lp li 2 ln o. Gia IA, I, dy truyn nh sng (l) v nng (C) lin h qua quy lut Lambert Beer l nh lut hp nht ca Bouguer: Lambert: log(I/I0) = k1l Beer: log(I/I0) = k1C truyn quang (T) hay hp th (A) ph thuc vo bn cht ca vt cht, dy truyn nh sngl v nng C ca dung dch. C th vit:

nh lut Lambert Beer : A = *C*l Trong : l h s hp thu phn t, C nng dung dch (mol/L),l dy truyn nh sng (cm), A l hp th quang. (Lu phng trnh trn ch ng i vi tia sng n sc). Trong phn tch nh lng bng phng php trc quang ngi ta chn mt bc sng nht nh, chiu dy cuvetl nht nh v lp phng trnh ph thuc ca hp th quang A vo nng C. iu kin p dng nh lut: -

nh sng phi n sc. Khong nng phi thch hp. Dung dch phi trong sut. Cht th phi bn trong dung dch v bn di tc dng ca nh sng UV-VIS