CNG TY C PHN ECICO

A CH IN THAI FAX : 342 HONG DIU - NNG : 0511.3505787 0511.3822926 : 0511.822926

THUYT MINH

GI THU S 6: THI CNG XY LP VA H, IN CHIU SNG D N: NNG CP, M RNG ON KM 565 -KM 569 (QL14) V KM180 - KM181 (QL25) NG BA TH TRN CH S, TNH GIA LAI, THUC D N NG H CH MINH A IM: TH TRN CH S, TNH GIA LAI

THUYT MINH BIN PHP THI CNG

GI THU S 6: THI CNG XY LP VA H, IN CHIU SNG

D N: NNG CP, M RNG ON KM 565 -KM 569 (QL14) V KM180 - KM181 (QL25) NG BA TH TRN CH S, TNH GIA LAI, THUC D N NG H CH MINH

* TM TT C IM V QUY M CNG TRNH : +). c im cng trnh : - Lt gch Block va h (25x25x4)cm vi din tch: 36.074,01m2. - Lp t tm an BTXM M200 (40x40x5)cm mi ta luy: 2.319 tm. - H trng cy xy gch th: 1.048 h - in chiu sng c tng chiu di tuyn l 5km, gm 125 tr thp bt git cn m km cao 11m v b tr 249 bng n cao p 250W/150W-220V chiu sng. - Xy dng mi 04 Trn bin p 2 pha 37,5KVA 22/2x0,23KV - ng dy cp in di 5.204m cp ngm 3 pha rut ng. +). Khi lng thi cng : - Theo khi lng tham kho ca H s mi thu. - Tnh ton li so vi bng tin lng mi thu v H s thit k KTTC km theo H s mi thu. +). Tin thi cng : - Tin thi cng tnh cho ton b cc hng mc ca cng trnh. - Thi gian : ngy (C bng tin km theo). - Tin c lp khng k n cc yu t khch quan: Thay i thit k pht sinh vi khi lng ln, thi tit khc nghit, ... * THUYT MINH MT S NT CHNH V BIN PHP T CHC THI CNG: +). Cc cn c lp bin php thi cng : - Cn c lp H s mi thu ca Ban Qun L. - Cn c hin trng mt bng thit k ca cng trnh. - Cn c vo u im vt tri v s lng ln cc phng tin, thit b, xe my thi cng ca Cng ty s hu. Trang thit b v kinh nghim cng nh nng lc iu hnh v kh nng qun l k thut v thi cng ca cn b, cng nhn Cng ty. A). Cng tc chun b thi cng : 1). Chun b t chc thi cng : Nhn c thng bo trng thu, Cng ty s tin hnh trin khai nh sau: - Tin hnh k kt hp ng xy lp cng trnh vi Ban qun l d n ng H Ch Minh. Thng bo vi Ngn hng thc hin bo lnh hp ng

xy lp, ngh Ngn hng chun b ti chnh nh cam kt m bo vn hon thnh cng trnh ng tin . - Xc tin k hp ng cung ng vt t, thit b vi cc nh cung cp. - Hp ng th nghim, hiu chnh thit b in, th nghim cc loi thit b vt t, th nghim c l ct c, , cng btng ... - Thnh lp Ban ch huy cng trnh vi cc chc nng nhim v c th nh sau : Lin h vi chnh quyn a phng v Ban qun l xy dng cc cng trnh tm phc v thi cng (nh Ban ch huy cng trng, nh cppng nhn, phng th nghim, kho tp kt vt t ...), ng k tm tr cho cn b, cng nhn thi cng trn cng trng v phi hp bo v gi gn an ninh trt t. Lin h vi ch u t v n v thit k nhn mt bng thi cng, hon thnh cng tc kim tra i chiu thc t hin trng. Lp bng i chiu phn nh kp thi cc sai st khc cho K s t vn gim st. Phi hp gii quyt cc vn vng mc v bo co tin thi cng trong qu trnh thc hin thi cng cng trnh. Lin h vi in lc s ti v lch ng ct in cc tuyn ng dy ang vn hnh c lin quan trong qu trnh thi cng, m bo tin thi cng cng trnh. Lin h cc c quan ch qun c cng trnh ngm thi cng thi cng an ton v gii quyt ng b. Trin khai lp k hoch thi cng c th trnh Gim c Cng ty, Ch u t v n v gim st thi cng. Lp bo co tin , khi lng thi cng thc hin thng qua v sp thc hin trong thng ti, ng thi phn nh cc vn vng mc v k thut cho Ch u t. Ban ch huy cng trnh trc tip ch o tin thi cng, iu ng nhn lc, phng tin my thi cng v tp kt vt t, thit b phc v cng trnh. Tr s chnh ca Ban ch huy cng trnh t ti vn phng Cng ty - 342 Hong Diu - TP. nng, do Gim c Cng ty trc tip iu hnh. . Tr s ca Ban ch huy cng trnh ti hin trng do Ch huy trng trc tip iu hnh. Lin h vi n v gim st k thut thi cng tin hnh gim st v t chc nghim thu cc hng mc cng trnh ti cc im dng k thut. Xy dng ln tri v nh kho gii quyt cng vic ti hin trng, bo qun vt t thi cng v cha thi cng. a xe cng trnh t hnh v my pht in lu ng 50KVA vo phc v sut qu trnh thi cng cng trnh. - Nh , vn phng, nh xng, nh kho, phng th nghim ca nh thu c xy dng ti cng trng. B phn th nghim phi nng lc v trang thit b thc hin cc cng vic: + Th nghim ch tiu c l ca t.

+ Th nghim m nn tiu chun bng ci Proctor ci tin. + Th nghim dung trng ti hin trng. + o E bng cn benkeman v tm p cng. + o bng phng v o xc. + Kim tra cht ca nn mng. + Xc nh ch tiu CBR ca t. + Xc nh mi mn LosAngeles. + Th nghim Marsall tiu chun. + Xc nh cc ch tiu c l ca ct, ... . My mc: Tp hp my mc thit b phc v cho thi cng y theo yu cu, cc my mc c cht lng tt c huy ng n cng trng chun b thi cng. 2). Cng tc vn chuyn bo qun, bc d vt t : a). Kho bi tm : Ngoi vic trang b xe cng trnh t hnh phc v vic di chuyn, cha vt t qu, ngh ngi trong ngy cn phi xy dng nh kho tm nh sau : Kt cu nh lm vic v kho tm : c thit k theo kiu nh lp ghp lu ng c phng iu hnh. Kch thc chung 5m x 12m, khung nh bng thp lp ghp, mi lp bng tole, tng v vch ngn bng tole Panel, nn t k g, mng ct nh bng thp hnh ch U. Ton b vt t thit b cho cng trnh (tr ct, gch Block, dm tp kt dc tuyn) v cng nhn phc v thi cng s c tp kt v tr ti 01 kho bi, nh tm bo qun cng nh di chuyn v sinh hot trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh. Trong c 1 kho kn 5m x 6m cha v bo qun xi mng v kho h tp kt n, my bin p, tip a, x, dy cp in ... b). Vn chuyn vt t: - Thn Tr n chiu sng cao 9 mt, cn n cao 2m vng 1,5m, my bin p, ct thp mng tr chiu sng, tip a v dy cp in ... c ch n hin trng bng xe chuyn dng (xe u ko) v xe ti nh, s dng xe cu tp kt ti v tr dng tr, lp t in. Trong qu trnh vn chuyn, cu, ... cn ht sc cn thn, phi chm lt cao su, g, chng buc chc chn. - Trong qu trnh vn chuyn cn ch cc im sau : Vn chuyn cn thn, hn ch va p gy nh hng n cht lng cc vt t khc v m quan cng trnh. i vi cc vt t d v c vn chuyn bng xe ti nh, khi qua cu hoc cc on ng xu cn phi quan st k m bo an ton tuyt i. Gch Block, ct, dm, t p cc loi c vn chuyn tp kt dc tuyn mt bn l ng bng xe ti 10m3, vn chuyn th cng n v tr thi

cng bng xe ti nh, xe b hoc xe ra, khng c tp kt song song c hai bn ng lm thu hp mt ng. Xi mng c tnh ton c th, cp pht vt t cho tng cng vic trnh trng hp vn chuyn i tha li; vn chuyn v hoc lu kho cng trnh qu lu, nh hng n mi trng, an ton v cht lng cng trnh. Xi mng s c vn chuyn n kho cha vt t v s c cht vo kho tm cng trnh, s lng theo tin cng trnh, vn chuyn ra cng trng bng th cng n v tr thi cng bng xe b, xe ra, ... Cc im tp kt gch Block, xi mng, ct, dm, ... phi kh ro, c sp t gn gng, che y cn thn. Trong khi vn chuyn, khun vc bng th cng phi cn thn cho ngi v vt t. Cc cu kin thp: nh x, tip a, s c gia cng v m km nhng nng ti Cng ty. My bin p chuyn n cng trnh bng xe ti, sau dng xe cu hoc xe cu ti kt hp vi th cng lp dng. Cc loi vt t, st thp sau khi khai thc ti cc n v khc theo ng yu cu thit k c tp kt ti mt ni gn gng nh kho a vo thi cng cng trnh m bo cht lng, tin theo yu cu. Dy dn, cp ngm cc loi s c vn chuyn v bo qun ti kho bi ngoi cng trng bng cc l dy c k cch mt t. Vn chuyn ra cng trng bng xe ti. Trong qu trnh bo qun v vn chuyn cc l dy lun t th ln. c). Bc d : - Bc d vt t thit b nng hoc cng knh s dng xe cu kt hp th cng. - T bc d phi dng bo h lao ng trc khi tin hnh cng vic. d). Cng tc bo qun v tip nhn vt t : - Cng tc tip nhn, vn chuyn vt t s do mt b phn ring m nhn t kho n v tr thi cng. - Xi mng c bo qun trong kho khng qu 18 ngy, k cch mt t v khng cht chng qu 10 bao trnh lm nh hng n cht lng xi mng. - Cc vt t cu kin thp: vn chuyn v bo qun theo tng loi ring bit trong kho c lt cch mt t 10 15cm, trnh s ln ln s khng m bo lp ln khi lp t, trnh va p mnh lm try xc lp m v gy bin dng vt t. - Cch in v cc loi vt t ph kin in trc khi lp t c bo qun trong kho kn ti Cng ty v vn chuyn n cng trnh khi tin yu cu, khng bo qun kho tm qu 07 ngy. - Tr n chiu sng, ct, dm lm mng, t p nn v gh Block tp kt dc tuyn trnh gy cn tr giao thng. Tr khi bc xung xe bng cu, bi

tp kt tr bng phng; trnh gy cong tr khi lu ngy. Ct, dm khng ba bi lm ln rc, t. Bi cha ct phi kh ro, xung theo nhm ht, theo mc sch bn tin s dng, km theo cc bin php chng gi bay, ma tri v ln tp cht. - Cc tr n chiu sng, x, tip a, t in chiu sng sau khi kim tra v trc khi xut xng phi c bao bc k cng cho nn trong qu trnh vn chuyn, phi ht sc cn thn, phi chm lt cao su; g trnh try st, cong vnh, lm bong lp m, sn. e). Cng tc b tr nhn lc : - i vi nhng cng vic gin n nh o h mng, o rnh tip a, lp t tip a vic vn chuyn th cng b tng t ni trn n v tr h mng. Cng ty s hp ng thu nhn cng lao ng ph thng a phng (ch t chc hc tp nhanh cc quy nh an ton thi cng v t chc cng trng) tng cng nhn lc trong giai on o b tng mng tr, b tng b va, b tng tm anh v ch b tr cc cng nhn lnh ngh theo hng dn v ch huy s lao ng ny. - Cc cng on thi cng nh: trn btng, vn chuyn tr, t in, dng tr, lp t t in v h thng tip a, ri cng dy, lp t my bin p, thit b cch in, lp t cc thit b in, vn chuyn vt t ra hin trng, thc hin thi cng trn cao th do cng nhn lnh ngh in c giy chng nhn qua lp an ton thc hin. - Ngoi cc K s iu hnh ti vn phng cng trnh, trn cng trng thi cng thng xuyn c 01 K s in + 01 k s xy dng v 01 Cn b k thut xy dng l cc cn b k thut cng trnh, an ton theo di gim st thi cng tng hng mc v kt hp gim st A kim tra nghim thu hng mc cng trnh kp thi trin khai cc hng mc tip theo nh tin ra. - B phn th nghim phi nng lc v trang thit b thc hin tt cng vic. - i thi cng va h, in chun b cc dng c thi cng. Trin khai thc hin cc k hoch v tin m Ban ch huy cng trnh vch ra. - Nhn lc: Lc lng cng nhn k thut lnh ngh, i ng cn b k thut gii, c kinh nghim trong thi cng c huy ng n cng trng chun b thi cng. B tr t i thi cng: n v d kin b tr cc i trin khai thi cng nh sau (ty t tnh cng vic m s lng cng nhn mi i khc nhau): * 03 i thi cng lt gch va h, b va v mi taluy. * 02 i thi cng H thng in chiu sng. * 02 i thi cng mng tr n.

f). Cng tc chun b khc: - Nhn h thng cc mc, cc cc chi tit, v tr tng cng theo l trnh, nhn mt bng thi cng tng th. - Di h thng cc cc chi tit, mc ra khi phm vi thi cng. - Trong phm vi t 50m 200m b tr mc cao c ph dn t cc mc chnh. - Cm cc nh v kch thc hnh hc chun b thi cng. - Lm th tc xin cp giy php thi cng, lp s nht k cng trnh. - Gii php mt bng: Cht cy, dy c, o r, san b cc chng ngi vt ra khi phm vi cng trnh. - Th nghim cc tnh cht c l ca vt liu: t, , ct, xi mng, st thp, nha bitum, cp phi. Thit lp phiu chn thnh phn b tng, va xy, cp phi ng qui nh ca thit k. Sau khi th nghim t cc ch tiu k thut s tp kt y n cng trng. g). Cng tc kim tra, nghim thu: - Ban ch huy cng trnh cng cn b k thut s hng dn k thut v gim st thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh, kp thi sa cha nhng sai st trong qu trnh thi cng ca cng nhn i xy lp. - Trong qu trnh thi cng Ban ch huy cng trnh kt hp vi Cn b gim st, k thut ca Ch u t kim tra cc vt t, thit b ch yu nh: ximng, ct, ct thp dm cc loi trc khi trn btng mng tr n chiu sng trc khi dng, dy dn cc loi, kch thc v chng loi x cc loi v cc vt t ph kin in trc khi lp t. ng thi nghim thu cc hng mc thi cng ti cc im dng k thut nh: nghim thu cng tc o t h mng, lp t h thng tip a, ri cng dy, lp t cch in, ng thp m km v ng nha lun cp, cng tc btng mng tr, cng tc p t mng tr, tip a, cng tc dng tr n chiu sng v t in h th v cc ph kin in khc ... i xy lp c th chuyn tip cng tc thi cng. - i vi dy dn s t chc ct dy ly mu v o mu ti hin trng lp bin bn kt qu o c. Gi mu kim nghim n c quan chc nng. - Sau khi cng trnh thi cng hon chnh, Ban ch huy cng trnh tng hp cc th tc trnh Ch u t v ngh nghim thu k thut cng trnh. - Trong thi gian th ti Ban ch huy cng trnh tip tc lm th tc nghim thu bn giao cng trnh. - Cng tc th nghim, kim tra cht lng xy lp c thc hin trong qu trnh thi cng v kt thc giai on cng trnh theo im dng k thut ca tng hng mc v ton b cng trnh. - Cng tc phi hp ng, ct in v k thut an ton: Sau khi thc hin cng tc nghim thu k thut cng trnh, n v xy lp phi hp vi Ch u t v cc c quan qun l chuyn ngnh thc hin u ni.

- Trong qu trnh t chc thi cng, n v xy lp thc hin nghim ngt cc qu trnh v an ton in v an ton lao ng trong cng tc xy dng. - Tt c cc cng nhn tham gia thi cng cng trnh u c hng dn, hun luyn k, y v cc qui trnh, qui phm. - Trn cng trng c b tr s lng cn b gim st an ton v gim st k thut, c trch nhim v c kinh nghim, thng xuyn c mt ti hin trng gim st v theo di thi cng v theo di cng tc an ton. - Cc my mc phng tin phc v thi cng phi m bo cc iu kin v an ton thi cng thng xuyn kim tra trong sut qu trnh thi cng m bo an ton trong xy lp. 3). Cc bin php thi cng chnh: - Cng tc nh v tuyn cp ngm, phng tuyn xc nh v tr tr: Sau khi nhn bn giao tuyn cp ngm, tin hnh cng vic trc a thng tuyn. Tin hnh cm cc trung gian cc v tr tr n chiu sng: bng my ngm v c hiu, thc o sao cho khng gy tr ngi giao thng v phi c bo v trnh h hi, k hiu cc tim mc ng dy bng sn. - Cng tc o t mng tr, mng b tng ti ch. - o mng cp trn va h, di phn ln ri cp. - Lp t chn cp. - Dn v sinh, vn chuyn lng t tha. - Trng tr, cn chnh tr (m bo tr ng thng v thng tuyn). - Lp n. - u ni ca tr. - Kim tra in tr ni t tip a lp li theo yu cu thit k. - Kim tra cch in ca h thng cp. - u ngun cung cp vo cho h thng chiu sng. - Vn hnh th, kim tra ton h thng ln cui. - Bn giao cng trnh cho n v qun l s dng. - Cng tc gia cng cc cu kin thp ca cng trnh nh tr n chiu sng, cn n, x, tip a, ... u c m km nhng nng s c gia cng bng my, t in c sn tnh in v gia cng thnh phm ti Cng ty. - Cng tc vn chuyn: Vn chuyn vt t t ni cung cp n cng trng v trung chuyn dc tuyn bng t - xe u ko, xe ti, xe cng trnh t hnh. - Lp t my bin p, dng tr n chiu sng bt gic cn, cc ph kin ng dy bng xe cu, xe thang kt hp vi th cng. - Mng tr n chiu sng 11 mt c ti ch, s dng ct pha thp chuyn dng, m bo n nh, khng bin dng khi b tng v p lc my my m b tng. Trn v btng mng bng my trn v my m rung.

- Cp in phc v thi cng bng my pht lu ng 50kVA. - Hn tip a bng my hn lu ng hoc ly ngun t my pht in . B). Cc bin php thi cng v qun l cht lng cng trnh : I). Gii php thi cng tuyn cp ngm cp ngun trc chnh cho h thng chiu sng : 1). Cng tc thi cng o mng, c mng v dng tr n - Trc khi o mng phi gic mng chnh xc. - Thc hin o h v c mng ct theo hnh thc cun chiu. - Sau khi c nh v v ng cc mc, cc v tr h mng c o bng th cng theo ng k thut: o t tm ra ngoi, cm cc mc ph kim tra kch thc khng gian h mng trong qu trnh o, khi o phi hp vi ng bao ngoi ca h mng theo h s thit k. H mng phi m bo kch thc thit k v t cp pha tiu chun, khng c o hm ch. - y h mng sau khi o phi c dn sch s, bng phng (sai s v nghing khng c vt qu 10%). Kim tra cao tng i gia y h mng so vi ct, ch cho php p b bng b tng cng mc nh b tng mng lm phng y h mng v lin khi vi b tng mng khi c chnh di 100mm v sau tin hnh m k. 2). o h mng : Sau khi bn giao mt bng, xc nh c cc v tr cc h mng. Trc khi o mng v rnh t tip t phi kim tra mt bng hin c, tim mc v cao , cc cng trnh ngm v ni c lin quan. Nu t y mng m, khng cht th phi c bin php x l c th. Chun b y cc dng c cn thit thng thng nh cuc, mai, xng, st v cc dng c khc ty theo tng loi t o, nh x beng, chong, hoc vn, cc chng, gu v.v... Khi o, tuyt i khng o hm ch. t o ln, nn u ra bn pha v khng cn li i, cn xe c gii. nhng ni c ngi v xe c qua li, gn ng giao thng phi c bin bo, n tn hiu. Phi c cc mc ph kim tra h mng sau khi o. Nu h mng o m cha c mng ngay th cha nn o ti ct quy nh m cha li mt lp dy t 10 20cm. Khi no c mng th s o tip ti su quy nh. +). Sai s v su ca h mng l 10cm. +). Sai s v cao v d dc hon thin sau khi m nn phi khng cao hn 01cm hoc thp hn 02cm so vi thit k. Khi o, nu mng b st l, ln v lm bin dng nhng cng trnh ln cn (nu c) phi p dng bin php chng cn thit.

+). Sai s v lch tim khng qu 10cm (o 20m/im) nhng khng c to thm ng cong. Cc h mng c o bng th cng theo ng kch thc v cc yu cu nu trn. Sau khi o xong ng kch thc thit k, bo co vi Gim st nghim thu h mng (y v thnh mng) tin hnh lp t cp pha thp. Nghim thu cp pha v tin hnh b tng mng ct. 3). c mng tr n chiu sng: Btng c mng gm cc vt liu phi tun th nh sau : Xi mng: Dng xi mng loi Pooclng hn hp, theo thng dng TCVN 2682: 1999 hoc TCVN 6260:1997 Phi c cung cp t nh sn xut c uy tn v c giy chng nhn hp chun quc gia. Ximng a vo cng trnh phi c th nghim theo ch tiu c l: Tiu chun TCVN 4029-85, TCVN 4030:2003, TCVN 4031-85, TCVN 4032-85 TCVN 6016:1995 ( ISO 679-1989) v TCVN 6017: 1995 (ISO 9597-1989). Vi mc b tng 200 khng c dng xi mng l quay. Ct, : c giao khi lng v kp thi bo m khng gy gin on hay lm ngng cng tc btng. C ht ca ct, si, theo TCVN 17711987 i vi ct xy dng, TCVN 1770: 1986- i vi dm v si. Nc : nc dng trn btng v va l nc sch, khng c du, cht kim v cc cht hu c c hi, ... v phi l nc c hm lng cc cht mui ha tan l t nht. TCVN 5294:1995. Ct thp: ct thp dng trong kt cu thp BTCT m bo ph hp vi TCVN5574-1991 v TCVN 1651-85. Ly mu th nghim kim tra theo TCVN 197-85. Lu chung khi thc hin cng tc btng mng ti cng trnh : + Khng lm lch v tr ct pha. Chm gi v sit cht cc bu lng ca h thng ct pha, khng cho bin dng hoc r r nc xi mng ra ngoi lm gim cht lng b tng. + Khng dng m di vn chuyn ngang btng trong cp pha. + t r, bulon mng ct m bo yu cu k thut thit k thi cng. + Trn btng ng t l thit k, vt liu phi ng chng loi th nghim. Btng c mng phi c ly mu a i kim nghim p th mu, kim tra cht lng. + Btng c lin tc khng phn tng, cho n khi hon thnh mt kt cu theo thit k, dng m rung m xong trc khi btng bt u dnh kt. + Trong qu trnh btng phi thng xuyn theo di m ca ct liu hiu chnh thnh phn btng, m bo thnh phn ca btng v m bo gi nguyn t l nc/ximng v phi dng my m di v gy bng g hoc bng tre thc cho u, sau ny btng khng c l hng hoc r.

Khi m btng lu khng m rung ng vo ct thp. Thi gian m rung ti mi v tr phi bo m hn hp btng cho nc, du hiu ch yu bo cho bit mc m rung l hn hp btng khng ln v trn mt xut hin nc ximng. Tr thp c lp t ti chn mng tr. Trong mng phi t ng lun cp ln xung ca ct, tu v tr u cui lp t 01 ng, v tr trung gian lp 02 ng, v tr c ba nhnh th lp 03 ng cng cng ct 120, mng sng. Ngoi ra cn c ng ch c lp t ti ton b mng trn gii phn cch bng ng PVC sau ny lun ng nc theo bn v thit k. 4). Thi cng mng cp: Mng cp c o bng th cng, kt hp vi s dng xe gu (ty vo tin thc t, c th thu tng cng m bo tin thi cng khi cn) o mng cp theo ng kch thc v su, c gim st A, Ban ch huy cng trnh kim tra nghim thu k thut trc khi tin hnh lp t cp ngm. Cng tc ny c t chuyn trch thi cng, theo di k thut, cng nhn lao ng ph thng c thu mn thm p ng yu cu cng vic. Cp ngm nm trong mng cp khng c ko cng m phi t theo hnh ch chi. Khi thi cng, bn knh un cong ca cp phi ln hn tr s cho php. Mng cp c o theo kch thc thit k, sau ct mn, t cp, ct, bo v cp sau lp t m k t k = 0,95 hon tr mt bng ngay sau khi hon thnh nh lc ban u. i vi mng cp nn t, cp c lun trong ng nha PVC fi 60; i vi mng cp nn nha ng phi t ng thp m km fi 60 lun ng, on i trn gii phn cch su chn cp t 0,5m, cp c lun trong ng nh PVC fi 60 t gia lp ct m dy 200mm. 5). Thi cng khoan ng qua ng: + o h cng ngh khoan ng, dng khoan chuyn dng v lp t gin ke chu lc khoan. + L khoan vi ng knh d140 vt ng vi su chn ng thp t 0,5m-0,8m. + V tr l khoan c hai ng cp th lp t 02 ng thp fi 60 dy 2,6mm, v tr l khoan c mt ng cp th lp t 01 ng thp fi 60 dy 2,6mm, cp c lun trong ng thp. + Ti cc v tr lun cp vo ng thp phi k lt cn thn khi thi cng lun cp, khng lm hng lp v bc ca cp. Cp ngm cp ngun trc chnh cho h thng chiu sng s dng cp in lc 3x25+1x14_0,6/1kv.

Khng c u ni cp ngm di t, ti mi tr ng cp trc chnh c i lun trong ng nha ln u ni ti min bng in ca tr v theo ng nha i xung n tr tip theo. 6). Cng tc ri, t cp: Trc khi ri v t cp, phi kim tra cn thn rnh, ho v nghim thu. Cp c ch n bng t, rmoc, xe y, xe ko. Nu dc theo rnh ho cp khng b cn tr (ct ngang cc cng trnh khc) th cch ri cp tt nht l dch chuyn rul cp bng cc xe chy dc ho, rnh. Xe va di chuyn va ri cp ra v c t ngay vo v tr. Nu trn tuyn cp c vng mc cc cng trnh khc hoc a th bt li, khng p dng c phng php trn th k t rul cp trn cc gi. Dc theo rnh cp, ta b tr cc puli chuyn dng cho cp. Dng ti ko ri cp theo cc puli t dc theo rnh cp, hoc t lun cp xung ho, rnh d trnh khi h hng v cch in. nhng ni cp i hng i, ni r nhnh v vt ng phi c h ga phi qun cp d phng ... phi ch m bo bn knh cong ti thiu ca cp phi ln hn tr s cho php ca cp, c nh sn xut quy nh trong Catalogue ca tng loi cp. 7). Cng tc o ng tip a : + Tip a trm: H thng tip a trm dng loi cc thp m km nhng nng L50x50x5x2500mm v lin kt vi nhau bng thp dt 40x4mm, 25x4mm gm 30 cc di 2,5m ng su 1m so vi mt t. Tt c cc kt cu bng thp, v t in v v thit b ca TBA phi ni t chung vo h thng c in tr ni t ti trm bin p c cng sut 100KVA th phi t in tr Rc 10 , ti trm bin p c cng sut > 100KVA th phi t in tr Rc 4 vi bt c ma no trong nm. + H thng tip a ca in chiu sng c b tr cc tip a R-1C c b tr ti mi ct n chiu sng, c ghp ni vo bulong mng ct bng st trn fi 10 m km. ng tip a s lng v ng quy cch chng loi nh h s thit k yu cu. Vic o rnh t tip a, ni chung nh o h mng. Tuy vy, i vi vic o rnh tip a c nhng yu cu sau: - su ca cc rnh nn su hn hoc bng chiu su quy nh ca thit k. - Chiu di mi tia cng nn ln hn hoc bng quy nh ca thit k. Tuy nhin khng nn su hn hoc di qu 10% so vi thit k v khng c nng hoc ngn hn 5% so vi thit k, nhng tr s in tr tip t phi m bo tr s quy nh.

Sau khi dng tr n chiu sng xong, cng nh lp x xong, phi bt ngay tip a thn tr theo ng quy nh phng st nh. Tt c cc bn tip t v bulong cn phi m km, dy bt tip t phi ngay ngn v thng. Bulong tip t vn phi trn, bn tip t phi tip xc tt. Khng c dng ba ng cht bulon tip t vo ct. o rnh tip a m bo su ng yu cu k thut thit k, sau ng cc, th dy tip a. Cc phi c ng thng v u cc cch mt t 01 mt. Sau khi hn xong tip a, cc mi hn c sn chng r, khng dng bulong v cc mi ni bng bulong sau mt thi gian di mt t s rt nhanh b r st v tip xc khng tt, tr s in tr t khng t tr s cho php, trm s rt d hng khi b st nh. Trc khi tin hnh lp t rnh tip a, Gim st A tin hnh kim tra t yu cu k thut mi c lp t, cng tc lp t tun theo hng dn ca bn v thit k, sau thi gian 5 - 7 ngy s tin hnh o in tr t, nhng v tr khng t, lp bin bn bo co Ban ch huy d n xin kin x l. 8). Dng tr: Tr c tp kt ti v tr mng tr, dng xe ti cu chuyn dng cu v dng tr, khi dng tr phi ch hng tr, cn n v ca tr cho ph hp. II). Gii php k thut: 1). Cng tc gia cng c kh cc tr n chiu sng, khung bu long mng: + Tr n chiu sng : - Tr thp bt gic cn cao 11m gm thn n cao 9m, cn n 2m. ng knh ngoi tip nh d60mm, ng knh ngoi tip y d198mm, - Vt liu ct theo tiu chun JSC G3101 SS400 hoc tng ng, dy 3,5mm, mi hn ni phi c hn dc sut ng sinh dc tr, khng ni ngang thn ct. Tiu chun mi hn TCVN 3223-1994, BS 5135 hoc tng ng - Ton b cc chi tit ca ct n c ch to bng thp v c m km bng phng php nhng nng, theo tiu chun TCVN 5408-1991 hoc ASTM A123, chiu dy lp km ti thiu t 80m. - Ct c thit k v ch to vi mt bch y ct dy 12mm bt vo khung bu lng mng ct. - Ct c l lun cp ngm ph hp, c ca thao tc. Bn trong ca ct, cc thit b in c lp trn bng in ca ct bakelite. + Cn n : -S dng cn n kiu dng p, vn cn n 1,5m, c gia cng bng ng d60 dy 2,5mm. Ton b cc cn c m km nhng nng. - Gc nghing cn n l 150

+ Khung mng: - Khung mng gm 4 thanh bu long M24x850m c hn bng thp dt 20x2mm hoc thp trn d10, phn ren trn khung mng c m km nhng nng, chiu dy lp km ti thiu t 80m. 2) Ngun sng : * Bng n - n cao p sodium cng sut kp: 250W/150W/220V c thit k v sn xut bng cng ngh tin tin ca Chu u, p ng theo tiu chun quc t IEC 60598:2003 - Cp bo v cch in theo TCVN5828-5829:1994, kn b phn quang hc IP66, kn ngn linh kin IP43. - Thn n bng hp kim nhm c p lc cao, b dy 3mm, sn tnh in mu kem. Ngoi ra c th la chn mu sc khc cho ph hp vi mi trng xung quanh . - Cha phn quang bng nhm tinh khit c ant ha v nh bng nhm nng cao hiu qu chiu sng . - Chp knh cong bng thy tinh chu nhit cao, chu lc. - H thng Sealsafe bng Silicon chu nhit chng lo ha, gip bo v cm quang hc ngn cn s xm nhp ca bi bn, cn trng v nc . - ui n E40 c s trng men chng m. - S dng b linh kn in ng b ca Chu u (hoc tng ng) c gn bn trong thn n . - Quang thng 28.000/15.000 lm, hiu sut pht quang 112,0/100,0lm/W, nhit mu 2.100-2.500oK, ch s truyn t mu 25-65 CRI. + Tui th trung bnh 8.000h. + Qu cu bng nha PMMA, ng knh D = 400mm, bn trong c lp tn quang, chng tc n c hc va n mn cao. + Sn phm t tiu chun o lng cht lng ISO 9001 :2000. 3) Dy cp in: Dng cp: M(3x25+1x14)XLPE/DSTA/PVC-0,6KV; M(2x2,5)PVC/PVC-0,4KV; Dy dn dng cho ng dy ngm p dng theo tiu chun TCVN 50641994, 5844-1994, 5935-1995, TEC: 227.2, 332-1 hoc tng ng. - in p nh mc (Um) : 0,6/1KV - in p chu c tn s ngun (1 pht, 50Hz) : 3,5 KV. - Cch in : XLPE. - Nhit m vic ti a cho php : + 70oC khi vn hnh bnh thng ti dng in nh mc. + 1600C trong tnh trng ngn mch nhiu pha.

Cu to ca cp : gm 4 lp : - Lp 1 : li cp (dy dn Conductor) - Lp 2 : Lp cch in (Insulation) - Lp 3 : Lp bo v chng va p c hc bng kim loi phi t tnh. - Lp 4 : V bo v bn goi Cc v tr u ni vo li in h th s dng dy M(3x25+1x14) Cu/XLPE/DSTA/PVC-0,6KV Dy t bng in ca tr ln cc n dng dy bc mm CXV3x2,5mm2 u ring bit cho mi n. 4).Gii php thi cng lp dng tr n chiu sng: 4.1) Chiu sng ng giao thng : - Tr n chiu sng (c mt ct ngang l hnh bt gic u) cao 9 mt c ch n hin trng bng xe chuyn dng, vn chuyn ngang bng th cng. Lp dng tr n chiu sng bng xe cu kt hp vi xe thang. - Phng thc chiu sng gia di phn ln v va h, khong cch trung bnh gia cc tr l 30 mt. - Cc thng s khc v b tr n chiu sng nh sau : + Chiu cao treo n 11mt . + vn cn n 1.5mt + Gc chiu 150 4.2) Ch s k thut chiu sng : - n dng bng n cao p Sodium . + chi trung bnh : Ltb >= 1-2 - 1.5 cd/m2. + ri trung bnh : 22 Lux. + ng u chung Uo= 0.4 + ng u chung dc tuyn U1>= 0.7 2) Ngun in cung cp: Ngun in cung cp cho li in chiu sng c ly t ngun in 22KV hin c trn a bn do Cng ty in lc Gia Lai qun l. 4.3) Mch iu khin: a)Bov mch iu khin: - Bo v h thng chiu sng bng cc aptomat 3 pha 50A-600V t ti cc t in chiu sng, bo v cc b cho mi n bng cu ch 5A-400V. b) Ch iu khin: - Mch iu khin chiu sng c iu khin t ng v bng tay, phng thc iu khin t ng nh thuyt minh k thut v bng v mch iu khin. - o m in nng chiu sng b tr cng t 3 pha 30-50A - 220/380V t ti cc t in chiu sng. - Tt c cc n c iu khin theo ch t ng bng r le thi gian

- i vi chiu sng giao thng : ng chiu sng iu khin 3 ch : +T 18h00 n 22h : 100% s n u sng. +T 22h00 n 5h00 sng : 2/3 s n sng III) Lp t Trm bin p: Do yu cu cc my bin p treo trn tr b tng ly tm 10-12m c sn ca in lc u t nn ch thi cng lp t cc laoij vt t x, s, cu ch, my bin p v h thng tip a trm - Tt c cc loi x, c d, cc tip a, dy ni cc phi c m km nhng nng chiu dy ti thiu 80m. - Lp t cc b x theo ng thit k, sau lp t cc loi s, cu ch v my bin p bng xe c gii v th cng. - o rnh tip a, m bo sau yu cu, sau ng cc tip a theo phng thng ng u cc cch mt t t nhin 0,8m. Cc cc c hn ni vi nhau v s chng r, khng dng bu long ni. Trc khi lp t phi kim tra t yu cu k thut mi tin hnh lp t Ton b cu kin kim loi ca trm bin p c ni vo h thng ni t bng dy ng bc CV-50mm2. IV). Gii php thi cng va h: 1). Cng tc chun b : - Trc khi trin khai thi cng, tin hnh kim tra li h s thit k so vi thc a, cm cc chi tit, cc cc khng ch cao v cc cc nh v rnh thu nc, b va. - Cc mc cao , cc cc nh v c kim tra v nghim thu bn giao. Trong qu trnh thi cng thng xuyn gi gn cc mc cao v cc cc nh v ng kch thc. - B tr cc bi vt liu ph hp vi khi lng cng tc v tin thi cng ca on tuyn. 2). Cng tc p t K95 c tin hnh nh sau: t p c a t m n cng trnh, dng t vn chuyn t n phn nn p, t c thnh ng trn tuyn theo, c ly gia cc ng c tnh ton b tr sao cho cng san ri l t nht. Dng my i kt hp vi nhn cng san ri t tng lp, chiu y mi lp ti a l 30cm, ti thiu l 10cm. Trong khi san ri m bo dc ngang, thot nc tt, trnh ng nc khi tri ma. * Lu ln lp t K95 gm hai giai on : - Dng my mc kt hp vi nhn cng o t nn v vn chuyn t o ng v tr qui nh .

- Trong qu trnh o phi to dc ngang nn, m bo thot nc khi gp tri ma. - Sau khi o p tin hnh lu ln. Dng dng lu mi ni, m cc m ln n khi t cht K85. Huy ng nhn cng hon thin b mt ton b cao , dc dc, dc ngang ln cui, nu pht hin sai st tin hnh sa cha ngay. - Lu ln s b n nh cp phi. Sau 3 - 4 lt u tin hnh b ph v sa cha cho lp t bng u. - Lu ln cht 6-10 lt/im. n khi nhn u v t cht yu cu K95. - K thut lu ln: lu t ch thp n cao, vt lu sau ln vt lu trc t nht l 20cm. - Sau khi p xong lp th nht tin hnh th nghim kim tra cht trnh T Vn Gim St nghim thu mi p lp th hai, lp th hai cng ngh p tng t nh lp mt. - Tin hnh t chc th nghim v nghim thu chuyn sang bc tip theo. 3). Bin php thi cng: B va, c ti ch phn , phn g chn c thi cng lp ghp, thi cng bng my kt hp vi th cng . nh v v tr b va, o h mng : Dng nhn cng o h mng . Trc khi lm mng, y v thnh h mng phi c kim tra kch thc hnh hc. Khi c nghim thu y v thnh h mng, th mi tin hnh thi cng lp m dm 10 cm. b tng b tng b va v dm b va : Khi c nghim thu lp m dm, nghim thu cp pha, mi tin hnh b tng .Hn hp b tng phi c thit k liu lng trnh TVGS chp nhn mi c thi cng. Vic b tng phi m bo cc yu cu sau y : + Khng lm lch v tr cp pha. + Khng dng m di dch chuyn ngang b tng trong cp pha . + B tng phi c lin tc cho ti khi hon thnh mt lt cu theo thit k. + Chiu cao ri ca hn hp btng phi thch hp b tng khng b phn tng. 4). Cc bin php m bo cht lng: - Tt c cc loi vt liu nh ximng, ct, si sn, dm, nc trc khi a vo s dng phi c th nghim cc ch tiu c l t yu cu thit k .

- Cng nhn trc tip thi cng phi c ph bin nm vng cc yu cu k thut, phng php v an ton thi cng . - B tng ,va xy phi c thit k liu lng thnh phn cp phi . - B tr cn b K thut gim st hng ngy ngoi hin trng . C). Kim tra, hon chnh v nghim thu bn giao cng trnh : Sau khi thi cng, cng trnh hon thnh tin hnh t kim tra k thut v x l tn ti, thng bo vi Ch u t v dn v sinh v san lp mt bng. Kim tra hon chnh h s nghim thu tng phn, lp bn v hon cng. Tin hnh hon chnh h s bo vi bn A lp k hoch k thut, nghim thu ng in bn giao cng trnh. *). Cng tc kim tra v nghim thu c th nh sau : +). Kim tra : - Kim tra kch thc v cht nn ca h mng. - Kim tra kch thc v cht lng btng ca phi . - Kim tra kch thc v cht lng ca cc cu kin lp ghp. - Kim tra tng th sau khi lp t xong. +). Nghim thu : - Nghim thu cc loi vt liu btng v btng. - Nghim thu h mng : cao , v tr v cht nn. - Nghim thu cc cu kin lp ghp sau khi xut xng. - Th nghim, kim tra v nghim thu tng hng mc sau khi lp t. Kim tra v nghim thu tng th. - Chun b nhn lc, phng tin phc v cho ng in v x l s c. - Tham gia trc vn hnh nghim thu ng in trong 72 gi v lm th tc bn giao cng trnh sau 72 gi vn hnh an ton cho n v qun l vn hnh. D). Cc cng tc khc : 1). Cc bin php an ton : Ban ch huy cng trnh lp ban an ton gm Ch huy trng cng trnh, i trng v cc an ton vin trong i thi cng. Ban an ton lao ng thng xuyn ph bin, trao i, nhc nh anh em cng nhn cc bin php an ton trong thi cng. Cn b k thut v cc t trng vch ra cc bin php an ton cho tng hng mc thi cng ph hp vi a hnh thc t v phi thng qua Ban ch huy cng trnh duyt trc khi tin hnh thi cng. Cc t trng ph bin r rng cho tng cng nhn hiu r cng vic ca mnh v cc bin php an ton trong cng tc. Trong qu trnh thi cng cc t vin an ton c trch nhim thng xuyn theo di, kim tra v an ton cc dng c thi cng, nhc nh ni quy v thng xuyn c mt ti hin trng thi cng.

Cc cng nhn thi cng u c khm sc khe v c giy chng nhn sc khe. Cc cng nhn u c Cng ty mua bo him y t v bo him tai nn. Dng c thi cng c Ban an ton kim tra hng tun, cc an ton vin ca t kim tra thng xuyn hng ngy v trc khi thi cng, c bit l cc dng c nh : mc cp xe cu, cc phng tin vn chuyn, m, v dy an ton. Xung quanh khu vc cng trng phi c ro ngn cch v b tr trm gc khng cho ngi khng c nhim v ra vo, cng ra vo c bin bo: CNG TRNG ANG THI CNG V PHN S CM VO. *). Cc bin php an ton c th : Tt c cc cng nhn khi ra cng trng thi cng u phi mc trang phc bo h lao ng ca Cng ty, i m an ton, phi c thc chp hnh ni quy an ton lao ng. Cng nhn khi thao tc trn cao l nhng cng nhn c giy chng nhn tro cao v tuyt i phi eo dy an ton. Khng c lm vic trn cao khi tri ti, ma hoc c gi mnh t cp 5 tr ln. Cc dng c thi cng khi thao tc trn cao phi c ng cn thn trong ti, tra vo dy an ton, khng c lm ri dng c, vt cng t trn cao xung. Cc h mng khi thi cng phi c bin bo, hng ro an ton vo ban m ln ban ngy. Khi thi cng dng tr n chiu sng th t bin bo, c ngi cnh gii giao thng. Khi o h mng cng trnh ct ngang qua h thng k thut ngm ang hot ng, lp t trnh xin kin v trnh phng n thi cng cho n v qun l giao thng ph duyt trc khi thi cng. Khi thi cng cc khong vt ng cn phi c bin bo, ro chn an ton trong phm vi ang o mng cp. Khi thi cng cm cng nhn khng c ung ru v lm vic trong lc say ru. K thut cng trnh v cc an ton vin c quyn nh ch cng tc i vi cng nhn khng chp hnh ni quy an ton lao ng trn cng trng v bo co vi Ban ch huy cng trnh x pht ty theo mc vi phm. Trong khi thi cng, cc dng c thi cng phi sp xp gn gng, khng vt th ba bi ra ng - gy tai nn giao thng v mt mt dng c. Khng c ty tin ngh gii lao hay lm vic khc ngoi k hoch trong gi lm vic.

Khi thi cng mng cp khng c vi phm nhng quy tc an ton lao ng sau y: Nu h mng, mng cp qua m th phi c ro chn, bin bo, n bo hiu m bo an ton giao thng v khng nh hng n vic i li trong khu vc chung . Khi thi cng phi c bin bo:

CNG TRNG ANG THI CNG 05KM/H

2). Cng tc trt t an ninh : Trc khi iu ng cng nhn n cng trnh Ban ch huy cng trnh thc hin khai bo, ng k danh sch tm tr ca i thi cng vi chnh quyn a phng. Trong qu trnh thi cng Ban ch huy cng trnh thng xuyn khai bo s cng nhn ang thi cng vi c quan chc nng v phi hp bo v ti sn ang thi cng. Ban ch huy cng trnh thng xuyn kim tra qun s tham gia lao ng trn cng trng, nhc nh anh em cng nhn quan h tt vi nhn dn a phng. Tn trng phong tc tp qun ca nhn dn a phng. Trong gi ngh, cng nhn khng c thc qu khuya, khng ung ru gy mt trt t, bo v an ninh x hi trn a bn ng qun. Phi c thi ng n vi ngi i ng v nhn dn a phng. 3). Cng tc v sinh, bo v mi trng, mi sinh : Bo qun cng trnh khng ng rc ri, vt ph thi do cc hot ng thi cng gy ra. Khi hon thnh cng trnh mi vt liu tha, rc, cc dng c, thit b my mc phi c di i, mi trng nhn thy c phi lm sch v phi tnh trng sn sng c tip qun di s chp thun ca K s t vn gim st. Trong khi thi cng : - Thng xuyn thu dn m bo cho cng trnh, cc kt cu, nh lm vic v cc khu nh khc khng b ng cc ng ph thi, rc v cc mnh vn do cc hot ng thi cng hin trng gy ra, gi gn cng trnh lun sch s, ngn np v gn gng.

- Khng cc vt liu thi, mnh vn v rc ri ra khi khu vc rc c ch nh v phi tun theo cc iu l bo v mi trng. - Khng c chn rc, cc vt liu ph thi trong phm vi cng trng nu khng c chp thun. - Ph bin, phn cng cng nhn gi gn v sinh ni ln tri, khng cc cht thi xung sng, mt ng lm nhim mi trng, ni sinh hot. - t o phi ng ni quy nh, khng t ra ng lm cn tr giao thng v lm nh hng n tin v cht lng ca cc hng mc cng trnh khc. 4). Cng tc phng chng chy n : Ban ch huy cng trnh thng xuyn nhc nh v cng tc phng chng chy ti ni ln tri, ni vt t. Phi c thng cha ct, bnh kh CO2, bin bo phng chng chy. Khi c chy xy ra, phi lp tc cha chy v bo ngay cho c quan chc nng gip . Khu vc xung quanh gn ln tri v kho vt t khng c t rc, t la rt d gy ra ha hon. Nghim cm cng nhn s dng vt liu n v bt c l do g. 5). Cng tc ghi chp v bo co : Ghi chp cn thn cc yu t lin quan n cng trnh c bit i vi nhng vn pht sinh ngoi thit k phi thng bo bng vn bn cho Ch u t xem xt v cho kin kp thi. Thc hin m s nht k cng trnh theo quy nh. Thc hin cng tc bo co tin theo quy nh ca Ban qun l cng trnh. E) KT LUN : Cng ty chng ti thi cng nhiu cng trnh xy lp dn dng, cng nghip, giao thng, xy lp in v in chiu sng c quy m ln, trn a bn khp c nc nht l min Trung v Ty nguyn. C cc cn b chuyn mn nhiu nm kinh nghim trong lnh vc xy lp, i ng cng nhn ln mnh, lnh ngh. c bit k thut ng ng qua ng c Cng ty a vo s dng thnh cng trong nhiu nm. Trong cc cng trnh thi cng h thng in ngm, tn hiu giao thng ti cc thnh ph l cc trc ng thi cng nn ng trc, khng c php o nn b tng. Cho nn chng ti thit k ch to thit b ng ng qua ng phc v cho cng tc lp t cp bng ng b tng nha phc v cho nhiu cng trnh in chiu sng khc m chng ti thi cng. n v chng ti m bo thi cng tt cng trnh ny v hon thnh cng trnh theo ng tin nh ra trong h s d thu.

Rt mong c s gip , to iu kin ca qy C quan chng ti c tham gia thi cng cng trnh ny. Nng, ngy 17 thng 6 nm 2011
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