AL - HADITH

Cu hi 1: Hadith l g? p: Hadith l nhng ghi chp li nhng li gio hun, thc hnh v phng thc sng ca Thin s Muhammad . N cng bao gm nhng vic lm ca cc Bn hu (Shahabah) ca Ngi di s chng kin ca Ngi, v nhng vic lm c s chp thun hoc Ngi khng nghim cm n. Cu hi 2: ngha ca t Hadith l g? p: ngha ca t Hadith l li pht biu hoc li tuyn b c c s vng chc v r rng. Cu hi 3: Sunnah l g? p: Sunnah l cc thc hnh v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad . Ngoi ra Sunnah cng c ngha ging nh ngha ca Hadith. Cu hi 4: C phi tt c nhng ngi Muslim phi tun th theo Sunnah ca Thin s Muhammad khng? p: Vng, ng vy v nh Allah (swt) phn dy trong Quran rng Thin s ca Allah (swt) l mt gng mu tt p, hon ho v tuyt vi nht nhn loi noi theo:

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Chc chn ni S gi ca Allah cc ngi c c mt gng mu tt p nht i vi nhng ai hy vng v (vic gp g) Allah v Ngy (Phn x) cui cng v tng nh Allah nhiu nht. [Surah Al-Ahzab: 21] Cu hi 5: S khc bit gia Thin kinh Quran v Hadith l g?
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p: Thin kinh Quran l nhng Li phn dy ca Allah (swt) c mc khi cho Thin s Muhammad qua Thin thn Jibrail . Hadith l li gio hun ca Thin s Muhammad di s soi sng v ban php ca Allah (swt). Cu hi 6: C phi mi vic lm, hnh ng ca Thin s Muhammad l Hadith khng? p: Khng, khng ng vy. Thin s Muhammad cng c cc kin v li khuyn ca ring Ngi a ra nh mt ngi phm bnh thng th khng th c gi l Hadith c. Cu hi 7: C s khc bit no gia ngn ng ca Quran v ngn ng ca Hadith khng? p: C s khc bit gia ngn ng ca Quran v ngn ng ca Hadith. Ngn ng -rp ca Quran rt tuyt vi v N thch thc cc Hc gi ngn ng -rp thm ch d ch sng tc ra mt Ayh 1 ging nh N m thi. Ngoi ra, ngn ng -rp ca Hadith cng rt tuyt vi na, nhng n khng th no snh bng vi ngn ng ca Thin kinh Quran c. Cu hi 8: Li cam kt ca Allah (swt) i vi Thin kinh Quran nh th no? p: Allah (swt) cam kt rng Thin kinh Quran s khng bao gi b hy hoi hoc b thay i d ch mt t n l m thi. Allah (swt) s bo qun N cho n Ngy Phn Xt Cui Cng. Nh Allah (swt) phn nh sau:

Qu tht, TA ban Thng ip nhc nh (Quran) xung v chnh TA s bo qun N. [Surah Al-Hijr: 9]

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Cu hi 9: L nguyn Salah c nh r trong Quran v Hadith nh th no? p: Thin kinh Quran nh r rng L nguyn Salah l trch nhim bt buc i vi mi ngi Muslim v phi c thc hin vo ng thi gian qui nh. Nhng chi tit v L nguyn Salah th c ch dy r trong Hadith, nh l: v s lng (Waktu v Rakat), c th, phng thc dng L nguyn Salah, v nhng g phi c theo tng bc trong L nguyn Salah. Cu hi 10: Zakah (B th) c nh r trong Quran v Hadith nh th no? p: Thin kinh Quran quy nh rng Zakah l trch nhim ca mi ngi v phi b th cho ngi ngho, nhng ngi cn gip , v.v Cc quy tc v quy nh cho Zakah v nhn Zakah th phi noi theo phng thc Zakah ca Thin s Muhammad
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. Ayh: Cu trong trong Quran (S t: Ayh; S nhiu: Ayat) 2

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Cu hi 11: C th mt ngi Muslim ch cn tun theo Quran m khng cn phi tun theo Hadith na c khng? p: Khng, khng c lm nh th. Bt buc mi ngi Muslim phi tun theo c Quran v Hadith. Nh Allah (swt) phn bo nh sau:

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Ngc li, ai khng vng lnh Allah v ca S Gi ca Ngi v vi phm cc gii hn ca Allah th s sa Ha ngc v trong i i v s hng chu mt s trng pht nhc nh. [Surah An-Nisa: 14] Cu hi 12: Ijma l g? p: S ng thun, ng ca nhng Hc gi Muslim v mt cu hi gio lut m khng c x l trc tip bi Quran v Hadith. Ijma c th c da vo mt mc tng t c cp trong Quran v Hadith. Cu hi 13: Qiyas hoc Ra-i l g? p: l s phn xt ca mt Hc gi hoc ca mt nhm Hc gi Muslim v mt cu hi gio lut c trch t Quran, Hadith v Ijma. Cu hi 14: Lm th no chng ta bit c rng nhng Hc gi Muslim c php s dng s phn xt ca h trong vn gio lut m khng c dn chng trc tip t Quran v Hadith (Sunnah)? p: in hnh l vo mt ln khi Thin s Muhammad ch nh ng Muaz Ibn Jabal lm Thng S ti Yemen; Ngi hi ng Muaz Ibn Jabal lm th no ng a ra mt quyt nh cho mt s vic. ng Muaz Ibn Jabal tr li Ngi rng ng ta s quyt nh da vo Thin kinh Quran; v nu khng tm c cc dn chng t Thin kinh Quran th ng ta s da vo Sunnah ca Thin s ; v nu cng khng tm c cc dn chng t Sunnah th ng ta s quyt nh da vo quan im ca chnh mnh. Sau khi lng nghe li p ca ng Muaz Ibn Jabal ; Ngi ly lm rt hi lng v chp thun li p ca ng Muaz Ibn Jabal . Cu hi 15: Ijma v Qiyas (Ra-i) c th vt qua cc qui nh c th ca Quran v Hadith khng? p: Khng, khng th no.
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Hy bo (h, hi Muhammad!): Nu cc ngi thc s yu thng Allah, th hy theo Ta, Allah s yu thng cc ngi (tr li) v tha ti cho cc ngi bi v Allah Hng Tha th, Rt mc Khoan dung. [Surah Al-Imran: 31]

Cu hi 16: C phi Thin s Muhammad khuyn khch nhng ngi Muslim trc tip hc hi v chng kin nhng vic lm ca Ngi l phi truyn t li cho nhng ngi Muslim khc khng c trc tip hc hi v chng kin nhng vic lm ca Ngi khng? p: ng vy. Thin s ni rng nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Ngi phi c truyn t n nhng ai khng c trc tip hc hi v chng kin vic lm ca Ngi; v vic lm s c Allah (swt) ban thng xng ng. Ngoi ra, Thin s Muhammad cng khuyn co rng nhng ai thm bt li gio hun hoc vic lm ca Ngi s b trng pht trong Ha Ngc. Cu hi 17: Hy cp nm (05) ngi truyn t phn ln nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad n nhng ngi Muslim khc? p: H l: (1). B Aisha , l ngi hc thuc lng 2210 Hadith v sng 48 nm sau khi Thin s Muhmmad qua i. (2). Bn hu ca Ngi l ng Abu Hurairah ; hc thuc lng 5374 Hadith. ng Abu Hurairah l ngi lun st cnh bn Thin s Muhammad v khng bao gi lo lng v mu sinh; bi v ng ta lun l v khch qu ca Thin s Muhammad . (3). N l ca Ngi l ng Anas ; l ngi hc thuc lng 2286 Hadith. (4). ng Abdullah Ibn Umar ; l ngi hc thuc lng 2630 Hadith. (5). ng Abdullah Ibn Abbas ; l ngi hc thuc lng 1660 Hadith. Cu hi 18: ng c no thc y nhng ngi Muslim phi truyn t li nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad n nhng ngi khc? p: H l nhng ngi Muslim c c tin mnh m v l nhng Bn hu lun yu thng Thin s Muhammad ht lng. H lun sng sng kin tr thu nhn nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad . Cu hi 19: Nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad c truyn t li bng vn bn hay l bng tr nh ca nhng bn hu ca Ngi. p: Nhng li gio hun v vic lm ca Thin s Muhammad c truyn t bng c vn bn v tr nh. Cu hi 20: C phi sm c cc phng thc ging dy cho nhng ngi Muslim v Hadith ca Thin s Muhammad sau khi Ngi qua i? p: Vng, ng vy. ng Abu Hurairah m mt trng hc vi 800 mn do chnh ng ging dy. Ngoi ra, Khaliphah Umar cng gi nhng Bn hu ca Thin s nh ng Masud v ng Abu Hurairah n cc quc gia Islam ging dy Hadith cho nhng ngi Muslim .
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Cu hi 21: Hy cp nm Bn hu thu thp v bin son Hadith li thnh nhng quyn sch (Sahif)? p: ng Abdullah Ibn Ami Ibn Alas thu thp v bin son li 1000 Hadith trong mt quyn sch c tiu l Al-Sadiga. ng Ali thu thp v bin son cc Hadith v gio lut thnh mt quyn sch c tiu Al-Qadaya. Ngoi ra, ng Jabir Ibn Abdullah , ng Abdullah Ibn Abbas v ng Abu Hurairah cng thu thp v tng hp li cc Hadith thnh nhng quyn sch khc nhau. Cu hi 22: S n lc ca khoa hc bin son Hadith thnh nhng quyn sch c bt u t khi no? p: Vo nm 101A.H (Nin lch Islam), Khaliphah Umar Ibn Abdul Aziz ch th cho nhng Hc gi Muslim phi bin son li ton b cc Hadith ca Thin s Muhammad . Cu hi 23: Cc Hc gi Muslim tin hnh bin son li Hadith nh th no? p: u tin l cc Hc gi Muslim tin hnh vit ra cc quy tc ca vic tm kim cc ngun Hadith v d liu tiu s ca nhng ngi thut li Hadith. T h s xem xt v x l n vi ba (03) yu t vn : tiu s ca ngi thut li phi c tham chiu c th vi c tnh v s trung thc ca h, ni dung v thc cht ca Hadith. Cu hi 24: C bao nhiu Hadith trong quyn sch ni ting Al-Muwatta ca Imam Malik (r.a) v ni v cc vn g? p: C 1700 Hadith trong quyn sch Al-Muwatta, v ch yu l ni v cc hnh vi ca lng sng knh, m o nh: L nguyn Salah, Nhn chay (Sy-am), Zakah (B th) v Hajj (Hnh hng). Cu hi 25: Hy cp hai v Hc gi Hadith ni ting m cn thn bin son li rt nhiu Hadith trong cc quyn sch ca h? p: (1)- Imam Bukhari t trn nm 256 A.H thu thp v tuyn chn 2761 Hadith t 600.000 Hadith; ri sau Imam Bukhari bin son v thut li trong quyn sch c tiu Sahih-Al-Bukhari. (2)- Imam Muslim t trn nm 261 A.H thu thp v tuyn chn 4000 Hadith t 300.000 Hadith; ri sau Imam Muslim bin son v thut li trong quyn sch c tiu Sahih-Muslim. Cu hi 26: Hy cp bn (04) quyn sch Hadith c bin son sau SahihAl-Bukhari v Sahih-Mulim? p: (1)- Quyn sch Musnad ca ng Abu Dawud - t trn nm 275 A.H. (2)Quyn sch Musnad ca Al-Tirmidhi t trn nm 279 A.H.
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(3)- Quyn sch Musnad ca ng Nasi t trn nm 303 A.H. (4)- Quyn sch Musnad ca Ibn Majah t trn nm 295 A.H. Cu hi 27: Isnad c ngha l g? p: Mi Hadith c thut li trong bt k quyn sch Hadith no u c bt u bng mt chui nhng ngi thut li ng tin cy quay tr ngc v vi ngi thut li ban u v sau l Thin s Muhammad . Qu trnh ny gi l Isnad. * Ghi ch: Ngi thut li ban u ngha l ngi trc tip nghe Thin s Muhammad ni v Hadith . Cu hi 28: Cc Hadith khc nhau c phn loi nh th no? p: Cc Hadith khc nhau c phn loi da theo mc tin cy. Cu hi 29: Hadith Nabawi l g? p: l li ni ca Thin s Muhammad di s soi sng ca Allah (swt). Cu hi 30: Hadith Qudsi l g? p: l li ni ca Thin s Muhammad vi s tham chiu t Li ni ca Allah (swt). Cu hi 31: Ba phn loi no ca Hadith da vo mc tin cy ca n? p: - Sahih (c s vng chc, hp l v xc thc nht); - Hassan (tt, t xc thc hn Sahih). - Nu mt Hadith Da-eef (yu v khng xc thc) th n khng c xem nh l mt Hadith. Cu hi 32: Mottafaq-Alaih c ngha l g? p: L Hadith c chp nhn v ng thun ca c hai Imam Bukhari v Muslim . Cu hi 33: c tnh ca ngi thut li Hadith c nh gi nh th no? p: Ngi thut li Hadith phi l mt ngi c hc thc, khng c nhng hnh vi v o c, khng a ra nhng bng chng sai lch, khng phm ti, khng c tnh bt cn v lnh m. Tr nh ca ngi thut li Hadith phi tt. c tin tn gio v hc thc ca ngi thut li Hadith phi c thu hiu. Ngoi ra, lng m o, tnh cng minh v trung thc ca ngi thut li Hadith cng phi c xem xt. Cu hi 34: Hy cp mt Hadith m Thin s Muhammad khuyn khch nhng ngi Muslim trng cy xanh cng cng?

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p: Mt ngi Muslim no m trng mt cy xanh hoc gieo ht mt cnh ng; v t nhn loi, cc loi chim chc v ng vt c th dng lm thc phm th xem nh l mt vic lm nhn c v t thin. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 35: Hy cp mt Hadith m Thin s Muhammad khuyn khch nhng ngi Muslim phi lun tng nh n Allah (swt) mi lc mi ni? p: C mt th nh bng mi vt b g st, v s nh bng tri tim l s tng nh n Allah (swt). [Sahih Al-Bukhari] Cu hi 36: Hy cp mt Hadith m Thin s Muhammad ni v nhng vic lm u t nht? p: Nhng vic lm no u t nht? l lm vui lng tri tim ca con ngi; cung cp thc phm cho ngi i dng; gip nhng ngi gp chuyn au bun; lm vi i ni bun ca nhng ngi u lo; lm gim i s au n cho nhng ngi b thng.[Sahih Al-Bukhary] Cu hi 37: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v s thu phc cm tnh ca con ngi? p: Jihad xut sc nht l thu phc c cm tnh ca con ngi. [Baihaqi] Cu hi 38: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v s ph thc cho Allah (swt)? p: Nu cc ngi ph thc hon ton cho Allah th nht nh Ngi s lm cho cc ngi hi lng v s mong mun ca cc ngi, cng ging nh Ngi lm hi lng loi chim nh khi chng ra i vo bui sng vi ci bng i v tr v t vi ci bng no. [Tirmidhi] Cu hi 39: Hy cp mt Hadith m Thin s Muhammad ni v Lng t bi ca Allah (swt)? p: Khi Allah to ra cc to ha ca Ngi th Ngi vit ln Ngai Vng ca Ngi rng: Qu tht, Lng t bi ca TA nh bi cn thnh n ca TA.[Sahih Al Bukhari v Muslim] Cu hi 40: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v lng khoan dung vi ngi khc? p: Allah s khng khoan dung cho ngi no c, ngoi tr ngi c lng khoan dung vi nhng ngi khc [Abu Dawood v Tirmidhi] Cu hi 41: Hy cp mt Hadith khuyn khch ni s tht? p: Hy ni nhng iu tht, cho d iu c th tr nn gay gt v khng lm hi lng ngi khc. [Baihaqi] Cu hi 42: Hy mt Hadith ni v lng tt? p: Lng tt l mt biu hin ca c tin, v nhng ai khng c lng tt l ngi khng c c tin. [Sahih Muslim]
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Cu hi 43: Hy cp mt Hadith cha ng li thnh cu (Dua)? p: Knh tha ng Ch T, xin Ngi hy ban cho con tnh yu thng ca Ngi; con cu xin Ngi hy ban cho con lng yu thng rng con s yu thng nhng ai yu thng Ngi; xin Ngi hy khin con lm nhng vic tt m con c th c Ngi yu thng. Xin Ngi hy lm cho tnh yu thng su sc ca Ngi n vi con hn c lng yu thng ca con dnh cho bn thn con, gia nh con v c ti sn ca con na. [Tirmidhi] Cu hi 44: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v vic kt bn vi nhau? p: Ngi mt mnh tt hn l lm bn vi ngi xu; nhng lm bn vi ngi tt hn l l loi mt mnh. Ni vi mt ngi tm kim kin thc tt hn l gi im lng; nhng gi im lng s tt hn l ni nhng iu v ch. [Sahih Al-Bukhari] Cu hi 45: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v nhng ngi c hc thc? p: Ai l nhng ngi c hc thc? l nhng ngi thc thi nhng g m h bit. [Sahih Al-Bukhari] Cu hi 46: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v vic phng s Allah (swt)? p: Hy phng s Allah nh cc ngi c th nhn thy Ngi; mc d cc ngi khng th nhn thy Ngi, nhng Ngi nhn thy cc ngi. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 47: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v vic yu thng Allah (swt)? p: Nhng ai yu thch gp Allah, th Allah cng s yu thch gp ngi . [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 48: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v tnh yu thng ln nhau? p: Cc ngi s khng c vo Thin ng cho n khi cc ngi c c tin; v cc ngi s khng hon thin c c tin ca cc ngi cho n khi cc ngi bit yu thng ln nhau. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 49: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v tm quan trng ca Quran v Sunnah? p: Ta li cho cc ngi hai th, v nu cc ngi kin quyt gi cht ly n th cc ngi s khng b lm c lc li; mt l Kinh Sch ca Allah v hai l con ng sng ca Ta (Sunnah). [Muatta] Cu hi 50: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v nm (05) Nn tng ca Islam? p: Islam c to dng da trn nm (05) nn tng: Chng nhn rng khng c thng no khc ngoi Allah v Muhammad l Thin s ca Allah; dng L nguyn Salah, b th (Zakah); hnh hng n Ngi nh ca Allah (Kaba); v nhn chay thng Ramadhan. [Sahih Al-Bukhari v Muslim]

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Cu hi 51: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v nhng vic lm c xem l vic thin? p: Mi ngi phi thc hin mt vic thin hng ngy: c x cng bng gia hai ngi l mt vic thin; gip hoc nng mt ngi vi ti sn ca mnh l mt vic thin; ni mt li tt l mt vic thin; mi bc chn i n Masjid l mt vic thin; nht b mt vt c hi trn ng l mt thin. [Sahih Al-Bukhari v Muslim] Cu hi 52: Hy cp mt Hadith ni v trch nhim ca chng ta khi chng ta chng kin mt hnh vi xu? p: Bt c nhng ai trong cc ngi chng kin mt hnh vi xu th hy lm thay i n bng i tay ca cc ngi; v nu cc ngi khng th lm thay i n bng i tay ca cc ngi thi hy dng li ca cc ngi lm thay i n (bng vic dng li ni thuyt phc hoc cho li khuyn); v nu cc ngi cng khng th thay i n bng li ca cc ngi th cc ngi hy dng tri tim ca cc ngi lm thay i n (qua vic thnh cu vi Allah trong im lng) v l c tin yu km nht. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 53: Hy cp mt Hadith khuyn chng ta nn trnh xa nhng vic lm xu? p: ng ganh t ln nhau; ng thi phng gi tr ln nhau; ng ganh ght ln nhau; v ng xn bt ln nhau. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 54: Hy cp mt hay hai Hadith ni v s thit lp cc qui tc quan h gia nhng ngi Muslim vi nhau? p: Mt ngi Muslim l huynh vi mt ngi Muslim khc; khng n p v cng khng h b ngi Muslim khc; khng la di v cng khng khinh thng mt ngi Muslim khc [Sahih Muslim] Nhng ai lm du lng mt Ngi tin tng (Mumin) t ni au bun trn tc, th Allah s lm cho h c yn lng t nhng ni au s v Ngy Phn Xt. Nhng ai biu tng nhiu cho nhng ngi ngho tng, th Allah s ban cp li cho h rt nhiu trong th gii ny v c vo Ngy Sau na. Nhng ai bo v v che ch mt ngi Muslim th Allah s che ch v bo v h trong cuc sng trn tc v c vo Ngay Sau na. Allah s gip mt Ngi tin tng nh l anh ta gip ngi anh em ca anh ta. [Sahih Muslim] Cu hi 55: Hy cp mt Hadith khuyn khch nhng ngi Muslim i tm kim kin thc? p: Bt c ai tm kim mt con ng c c kin thc, th Allah s to cho ngi mt con ng d dng dn n Thin ng. [Sahih Muslim]

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Cu hi 56: Hy cp mt Hadith khuyn khch nhng ngi Muslim hc v c Quran? p: Khng c mt nhm ngi no t hp trong mt Masjid c v hc Kinh Sch ca Allah (Quran) m khng c s yn tnh, bnh an v nim hnh phc sung sng n vi h. Cc Thin thn vy quanh h v Allah nhc n h nh l nhng ngi ang bn cnh Ngi. [Sahih Muslim]

Rohman Ibrahim Cu sinh vin UIA-Malaysia Bin son v chuyn ng t t sch 1000 Cu hi v Islam ca Tin s Muhammed Ibrahim Elmasry Do Abdul Naeem for Islamic Book Service pht hnh

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