N TP HO HC 12

1: KIM LOI TC DNG VI AXIT

Dng 1: HCl v H2SO4 long Cu 1: Kim loi no sau y tc dng vi Cl2 v HCl to cng mt mui? A. Cu B. Mg C. Fe D. B v C ng Cu 2: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng 50g trong dung dch HCl. Sau khi thu c 336ml kh H 2(ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Vy, kim loi l: A. Na B. Mg C. Fe D. Ca Cu 3: Cho 1,53g hn hp (Mg,Cu,Zn) vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448ml kh (kc). C cn hn hp sau phn ng thu c hn hp rn c khi lng l: A. 2,95g B. 3,37g C. 8,08g D. 5,96g Cu 4: Cho 1,53g hn hp Mg, Fe, Zn vo dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448ml kh (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng th thu c cht rn c khi lng l: A. 2,95g B. 3,90g C. 2,24g D. 1,85g Cu 5: Ho tan 12,6g hn hp 2 kim loi ho tri II v III bng dung dch HCl d th thu c dung dch A v kh B. t chy hon ton na lng kh B thu c 2,79g nc. Khi c cn dung dch A th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan l: A. 24,61g B. 34,61g C. 44,61g D. 55,61g Cu 6: Ho tan 2,52g kim loi bng dung dch H2SO4 long ngi ta thu c 6,84g mui sunfat. Kim loi l: A. Na B. Mg C. Fe D. Ca Cu 7: Ho tan 0,54g mt kim loi M c ho tr n khng i trong 100ml dung dch H2SO4 0,4M. trung ho lng axit d cn 200ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Xc nh ho tr n v kim loi M. A. n = 2, Zn B. n = 2, Mg C. n = 1, K D. n = 3, Al Cu 8: Cho 10,5 gam hn hp 2 kim loi l Cu v Zn vo dung dch H2SO4 long d, thu c 2,24 lt kh (o iu kin tiu chun). Thnh phn phn trm ca Cu v Zn trong hn hp ln lt l: A. 38,1 v 61,9 B. 39 v 61 C. 40 v 60 D. 35 v 65 Cu 9: Ho tan ht m gam kim loi M bng dung dch H 2SO4 long , ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 5m g mui khan. Kim loi M l: A. Al B. Mg C. Zn D. Fe Cu 10: Ho tan hon ton 13,8g hn hp gm Mg v mt kim loi ho tr II bng dung dch H 2SO4 long thu c 26,88lit kh H2(ktc). Kim loi ho tr II v % khi lng ca n trong hn hp u l: A. Be; 65,3% B. Zn, 67,2% C. Ca, 51% D. Fe, 49,72% Dng 2: HNO3 v H2SO4 c Cu 1: Cho 19,2 g mt kim loi M tan hon ton trong ddch HNO3 th thu c 4,48 lit kh (kc) NO. Vy kim loi M l: A. Zn B. Fe C. Cu D. Mg Cu 2: 8,64g Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long cho V lt kh N2O duy nht iu kin tiu chun. V c tr s: A. 1,344 B. 2,688 C. 0,672 D. 2,24 Cu 3: Ho tan 0,6 g kim loi M vo dd HNO3 d thu c 0,112 lt kh nit(ktc). M l: A. Mg B. Fe C. Cu D. Ca Cu 4: Ho tan hon ton 16,2g kim loi M bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 5,6 lit(kc) hn hp kh NO v N2 c khi lng 7,2g. Kim loi M l: A. Al B.Fe C. Zn D. Cu Cu 5: Cho 4,16g Cu tc dng va vi 120 ml dung dch HNO3 th thu c 2,464 lt kh (ktc) hn hp 2 kh NO v NO2. Nng mol ca HNO3 l: A. 0,92M B. 0,1M C. 2M D. 0,5M Cu 6: Ho tan hon ton hn hp gm 0,05 mol Ag v 0,03 mol Cu vo dung dch HNO 3 thu c hn hp kh A gm NO v NO2 c t l s mol tng ng l 2:3. Th tch hn hp A iu kin tiu chun l: A. 1,369 lt B. 2,737 lt C. 2,224 lt D. 3,3737 lt Cu 7: Cho m gam Al tc dng va vi 2 lt dung dch HNO 3 a M thu c 6,72lit(ktc) hn hp 2 kh NO v N 2O c t khi so vi H2 l 17,8. Gi tr m v a ln lt l: A. 13,5g v 0,96M B. 14,85g v 1,05M C. 9,18g v 0,66M D. 9,45g v 0,675M Cu 8: Cho 13,5 gam nhm tc dng va vi 2,2 lt dung dch HNO3 , phn ng to ra mui nhm v mt hn hp kh gm NO v N2O. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HNO3. Bit rng t khi ca hn hp kh i vi hiro bng 19,2 . A.[HNO3] = 0,86M B. [HNO3] = 0,12M C. [HNO3] = 1,1M D. [HNO3] = 0,2M Cu 9: Ho tan hon ton 12,42g Al bng dung dch HNO3 long d, thu c dung dch X v 1,344 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Y gm hai kh l N2O v N2. T khi ca hn hp kh Y so vi H2 l 18. C cn dung dch X, thu c m gam cht rn

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khan. Gi tr m l: A. 106,38 B. 34,08 C. 97,98 D. 38,34 Cu 10: Ho tan hon ton 1,23g hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO3 c nng thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch Y. Sc t t kh NH 3 d vo dung dch Y, sau khi phn ng hon ton thu c m gam kt ta. Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp X v gi tr m ln lt l: A. 78,05% v 2,25g B. 21,95% v 2,25g C. 78,05% v 0,78g D. 21,95% v 0,78g Cu 11: Cho 6,72 g Fe vo dung dch cha 0,3mol H2SO4 c nng (gi s SO2 l sn phm kh duy nht). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c A. 0,03 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,06 mol FeSO4 B. 0,05 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,02 mol FeSO4 C. 0,02 mol Fe2(SO4)3 v 0,08 mol FeSO4 D. 0,12mol FeSO4 Cu 12: Ha tan 2,4 gam hn hp Cu, Fe c t l mol 1 :1 vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng. Kt thc phn ng thu c 0,05 mol 1 sn phm kh duy nht c cha lu hunh. Sn phm kh l: A. SO2 B. S C. H2S D. H2S2 Cu 13: Cho 17,6g hn hp gm Fe v kim loi R vo dung dch H2SO4 long d. Sau phn ng thu c 4,48lit kh (ktc). Phn khng tan cho vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng th thot ra 2,24lit kh (ktc). R l kim loi no sau y? A. Mg B. Pb C. Ag D. Cu Dng 3: Tng hp c 2 loi axit Cu 1: Dy tt c kim loi no sau y khng tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c ngui v HNO3 c ngui ? A. Na, K, Mg B. Al, Fe, Cr C. Ag, Au, Al D. Fe, Ag, Al Cu 2: Cho 3,87g hn hp Mg, Al vo 250ml dung dch gm HCl 1M v H 2SO4 0,5M th thu c 4,368lt H2(ktc). Nhn nh no sau y ng? A. D axit B. Thiu axit C. Va phn ng D. Khng xc nh c Cu 3: Chia hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Cu thnh 2 phn bng nhau: -Phn th nht: cho tc dng hon ton vi ddch HNO3 c, ngui th thu c 8,86 lt kh NO2 duy nht. -Phn th hai: cho tc dng on ton vi dung dch HCl th thu c 6,72 lt kh. Xc nh %m ca Cu trong hn hp u. Bit cc kh o ktc. A. 29,67% B. 70,33% C. 56% D. 23% Cu 4: Chia m g X gm hai kim loi A, B c ha tr khng i thnh hai phn bng nhau: Phn 1: ha tan hon ton trong hn hp hai axit HCl long v H2SO4 gii phng c 33,6 lt H2 (ktc) Phn 2: Ha tan hon ton trong H2SO4 c v ch to ra V lt kh SO2 duy nht (ktc): Th tch kh SO2 thot ra l: A. 1,68 lt B. 1,746 lt C. 0,323 lt D. Tt c sai Cu 5: Cho m gam hn hp X gm cc kim loi Al, Mg, Fe, Zn tc dng va vi dung dch hn hp gm HCl v H2SO4 long to ra 1,456 lt H2 (ktc). Cng m gam hn hp X tc dng vi kh Clo d to ra (m + 4,97) gam hn hp cc mui. Khi lng Fe c trong m gam hn hp X l: A. 0,56 B. 0,84 C. 4,20 D. 0,28 Cu 6: Cho 17,6g hn hp gm Fe v kim loi R vo dung dch H 2SO4 long d. Sau phn ng thu c 4,48lit kh (ktc). Phn khng tan cho vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng th thot ra 2,24lit kh (ktc). R l kim loi no sau y? A. Mg B. Pb C. Ag D. Cu Cu 7: Chia 2,29g hn hp 3 kim loi: Zn, Mg, Al thnh 2 phn bng nhau: -Phn 1: Tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl, gii phng 1,456 lt kh (kc) v to ra a(g) hn hp mui clorua. -Phn 2: B oxi ho hon ton thu c b (g) hn hp 3 oxit. Vy a, b ln lt l: A. 5,76g v 2,185g B. 2,21g v 6,45g C. 2,8g v 4,15g D. 4,42g v 4,37g Cu 8: Ha tan 15 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi Mg v Al vo dung dch Y gm HNO 3 v H2SO4 c thu c 0,1 mol mi kh SO2, NO, NO2, N2O. Phn trm khi lng ca Al v Mg trong X ln lt l A. 63% v 37%. B. 36% v 64%. C. 50% v 50%. D. 46% v 54%. Cu 9: Cho 12,9 gam hn hp Al v Mg phn ng vi dung dch hn hp hai axit HNO 3 v H2SO4 (c nng) thu c 0,1 mol mi kh SO2, NO, NO2. C cn dung dch sau phn ng khi lng mui khan thu c l: A. 31,5 gam. B. 37,7 gam. C. 47,3 gam. D. 34,9 gam. BI TP TNG HP Cu 1: Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca kim loi l: A. Tnh kh B. Tnh oxi ho C. Lng tnh D. Tu vo iu kin Cu 2: Cho phn ng: Mg + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + N2 + H2O sau khi cn bng, tng ch s cc cht trong phn ng l: A. 27 B. 28 C. 29 D. 30

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Cu 3: Cho hn hp X gm Mg v Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 c nng n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y v mt phn cht khng tan ca mt kim loi. Cht tan c trong dung dch Y l: A. MgSO4 v FeSO4 B. MgSO4 C. MgSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 D. MgSO4,FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 Cu 4: Trn mi a cn v tr cn bng cha 2 cc cng mt lng nh nhau hai dung dch H 2SO4 c (cc 1) v dung dch HCl c (cc 2). Thm mt lng nh nhau kim loi Cu vo cc 1 v Fe vo cc 2. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, kim loi tan ht, v tr thng bng ca cn bin i theo hng no? A. Khng bin i B. Nghing v cc 1 C. Nghing v cc 2 D. Ban u bin i nhng sau v v tr cn bng Cu 5: Zn +H2SO4(c) phm c th l : Sn A. S B. SO2 C. H2S D. Tt c ng. Cu 6: Cho phn ng: H2SO4 + Fe Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + H2O. S phn t H2SO4 b kh v s phn t H2SO4 to mui l: A. 3 v 3 B. 6 v 6 C. 3 v 6 D. 6 v 3 Cu 7: Nhm khng tan trong dung dch no sau y? A. HCl B. H2SO4 C.NaHSO4 D. NH3 Cu 8: tch nhanh Al ra khi hn hp Mg, Al, Zn c th dng ha cht no sau y? A. H2SO4 long B. H2SO4 c, ngui C. Dung dch NaOH, kh CO2 D. Dung dch NH3 Cu 9: Phn ng: Al +HNO3 Al(NO3)3 + NH4NO3 + H2O c h s cn bng ln lt l: A. 4-12-4-6--6 B. 8-30-8-3-9 C. 6-30-6-15-12 D. 9-42-9-7-18 Cu 10: Cho bt Fe vo dung dch HNO3 long, phn ng kt thc thy c bt Fe cn d.Dung dch thu c sau phn ng l: A.Fe(NO3)3 B. Fe(NO3)3, HNO3 C. Fe(NO3)2 D.Fe(NO3)2 ,Fe(NO3)3 Cu 11: C 5 mu kim loi Ba, Mg, Fe, Ag, Al. Nu ch dng d.d H2SO4 long c th nhn bit c: A. C 5 kim loi B. Ag, Fe C. Ba, Al, Ag D. Ba, Mg, Fe, Al E. Ag, Fe, Al Cu 12: C cc dung dch: HCl, HNO3, NaOH, AgNO3, NaNO3. Ch dng thm cht no sau y nhn bit cc dung dch trn? A. Cu B. Dung dch Al2(SO4)3 C. Dung dch BaCl2 D. Dung dch Ca(OH)2 Cu 13: Dung dch no di y khng ho tan c Cu? A. FeCl3 B. NaHSO4 C. NaNO3 + HNO3 D. HNO3 c ngui Cu 14: Cho 19,2g Cu vo 500ml dung dch NaNO3 1M sau thm tip 500ml dung dch HCl 2M vo. Phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch X v V lt kh NO(ktc). Gi tr ca V v th tch dung dch NaOH 2M cn dng kt ta ht ion Cu2+ trong dung dch X ln lt l: A. 4,48lt - 4lt B. 4,48lt - 2lt C. 2,24lt - 4lt D. 4,48lt - 0,5lt Cu 15: Cho hn hp gm 1,12g Fe v 1,92g Cu vo 400ml dung dch cha hn hp gm H 2SO4 0,5M v NaNO3 0,2M. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht). Cho V ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch X th lng kt ta thu c l ln nht. Gi tr ti thiu ca V l: A. 120 B. 400 C. 362 D. 240 Cu 16: Ho ta 4g hn hp Fe v mt kim loi ho tr II vo dung dch HCl d th thu c 2,24lt H 2(ktc). Nu ch dung 2,4g kim loi ho tri II cho vo d2 HCl 1M th khng dng ht 500ml. Kim loi ho tr II l: A. Ca B. Zn C. Mg D. kin khc Cu 17: Cho 19,2g kim loi M tan hon ton trong dung dch HNO3 d c 4,48 lt NO (kc). Cho NaOH d vo dung dch thu c, lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i c m gam cht rn. Vy M v m l: A. Cu; 2,4g B. Al; 48g C. Al; 30,6g D. Cu ; 24g Cu 18: Ha tan hon ton 13g Zn bng dung dich HNO3 d, sau phn ng thu c 4,48 lt kh NO2 (ktc) v dung dch A. C cn dung dch A thu c m gam cht rn, gi tr m l: A. 37,8 B. 18,9 C. 56,7 D. 39,8 Cu 19: Ho tan hon ton 0,2 mol kim loi R (ho tr III) trong dung dch H2SO4 c nng, thu c 6,72 lt kh X(ktc). Kh X l: A. SO2 B. H2S C. S D. Tt c sai Cu 20: Ho tan va 22,064g hn hp Al v Zn trong 500ml dung dch HNO 3 c dung dch A v 3,136lt(ktc) hn hp kh N2O v NO c khi lng bng 5,18g. tnh % khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp. A. %Al=5,14%; %Zn=94,86% B. %Zn=5,14%; %Al=94,86% C. %Al=51,4%; %Zn=49,6% D. kin khc Cu 21: Cho m gam Al tc dng va vi 2 lt dung dch HNO 3 a M thu c 6,72lit(ktc) hn hp 2 kh NO v N2O c t khi so vi H2 l 17,8. Gi tr m v a ln lt l: A. 13,5g v 0,96M B. 14,85g v 1,05M C. 9,18g v 0,66M D. 9,45g v 0,675M

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Cu 22: Cho 13,5 gam nhm tc dng va vi 2,2 lt dung dch HNO3 , phn ng to ra mui nhm v mt hn hp kh gm NO v N2O. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch HNO3. Bit rng t khi ca hn hp kh i vi hiro bng 19,2 . A.[HNO3] = 0,86M B. [HNO3] = 0,12M C. [HNO3] = 1,1M D. [HNO3] = 0,2M Cu 18: Cho 200ml dung dch cha ng thi HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,5M. Th tch dung dch cha ng thi NaOH 1M v Ba(OH)2 2M cn ly trung ho va dung dch trn l: A. 100ml B. 90ml C. 120ml D. 80ml Cu 23: Ha tan ht 1,935 gam hn hp bt 2 kim loi Mg v Al bng 125 ml dung dch hn hp cha dung dch HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,28M long thu c dung dch A v 2,184 lt kh H2 (ktc). Khi lng mui khan thu c sau phn ng l: A. 9,733g B. 12,98g C. 6,789g D. Kt qu khc Cu 24: Cho 4,4 gam hn hp hai kim loi nhm IA hai chu k lin tip tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch cha m gam mui tan. Tn hai kim loi v khi lng m l A. 11 gam; Li v Na. B. 18,6 gam; Li v Na. C. 18,6 gam; Na v K. D. 12,7 gam; Na v K. Cu 25: t chy hon ton 4,04 gam mt hn hp bt kim loi gm Al, Fe, Cu trong khng kh thu c 5,96 gam hn hp 3 oxit. Ha tan ht hn hp 3 oxit bng dung dch HCl 2M. Tnh th tch dung dch HCl cn dng. A. 0,5 lt. B. 0,7 lt. C. 0,12 lt. D. 1 lt. Cu 26: Cho hn hp A gm Al, Zn, Mg. em oxi ho hon ton 28,6 gam A bng oxi d thu c 44,6 gam hn hp oxit B. Ho tan ht B trong dung dch HCl thu c dung dch D. C cn dung dch D c hn hp mui khan l A. 99,6 gam. B. 49,8 gam. C. 74,7 gam. D. 100,8 gam. Cu 27: a gam bt st ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian s chuyn thnh hn hp A c khi lng l 75,2 gam gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4. Cho hn hp A phn ng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 m c, nng thu c 6,72 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Khi lng a gam l: A. 56 gam. B. 11,2 gam. C. 22,4 gam. D. 25,3 gam. Cu 28: Hn hp X gm (Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO) vi s mol mi cht l 0,1 mol, ha tan ht vo dung dch Y gm (HCl v H2SO4 long) d thu c dung dch Z. Nh t t dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M vo dung dch Z cho ti khi ngng thot kh NO. Th tch dung dch Cu(NO3)2 cn dng v th tch kh thot ra ktc thuc phng n no? A. 25 ml; 1,12 lt. B. 0,5 lt; 22,4 lt. C. 50 ml; 2,24 lt. D. 50 ml; 1,12 lt. Cu 29: Ha tan 0,1 mol Cu kim loi trong 120 ml dung dch X gm HNO 3 1M v H2SO4 0,5M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c V lt kh NO duy nht (ktc).Gi tr ca V l A. 1,344 lt. B. 1,49 lt. C. 0,672 lt. D. 1,12 lt. Cu 30: Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dung dch Y (coi th tch dung dch khng i). Dung dch Y c pH l A. 1. B. 6. C. 7. D. 2.

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