S GIO DC & O TO H NI

TRNG THPT CHUYN H NI AMSTERDAM

THI OLYMPIC H NI - AMSTERDAM 2011

Mn thi: Ha lp 10 chuyn
Ngy thi: 25/3/2011
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht.
( thi gm c 02 trang)
Cu 1 (1,0 im)
1/ Nguyn t clo (Z = 17) c cc s oxi ha l -1, +1, +3, +5 v +7.
a) Vi mi s oxi ha ca clo nu trn hy dn ra mt cht minh ha.
b) Hy biu din s phn b cc electron ha tr ca clo trng thi c bn v cc trng thi kch
thch, t gii thch ti sao clo c cc s oxi ha .
2/ Sp xp theo chiu tng dn nng lng ion ho th nht ca cc nguyn t : Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl.
Gii thch.
Cu 2 (1,0 im)
1/ Nguyn t Xenon Xe to c nhiu hp cht trong c XeF2, XeF4 v XeO3
a) V cu trc Lewis ca mi phn t.
b) Biu din dng hnh hc ca phn t trong khng gian v d on gc lin kt trong phn t cc
cht trn.
c) Trong cc phn t trn, phn t no phn cc? khng phn cc? Gii thch.
d) Gii thch v sao cc hp cht ny rt hot ng.
2/ So snh nhit si v tan trong nc ca CO2 v SO2. Gii thch.
Cu 3 (1,0 im)
Cho cc s liu nhit ng ca mt s phn ng 298K
S th t phn ng
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng

2NH3 + 3N2O 4N2 + 3H2O

Ho298 (kJ)
1011

N2O + 3H2 N2H4 + H2O

2NH3 + 0,5O2 N2H4 + H2O

317

+ 0,5O2 H2O

286

H2

143

S0298 (N2H4) = 240 J/K.mol ; S0298 (H2O) = 66,6 J/K.mol

S0298 (N2) = 191 J/K.mol ; S0298 (O2) = 205 J/K.mol
a) Tnh nhit to thnh Ho298 ca N2H4 , N2O v NH3.
b) Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng t chy hidrazin bng kh oxi. Tnh Ho298 , Go298 v
hng s cn bng K ca phn ng ny.
Cu 4 (1,0 im)
a) Cho 64,40 gam mt hn hp gm NO2 v N2O4 vo mt bnh chn khng c th tch 15 lit
nhit c nh 300K. Tnh p sut trong bnh khi h t ti trng thi cn bng.
b) p sut trong bnh s bng bao nhiu nu ta thm vo bnh 56,00 gam Argon
Cho bit:
H0s 298 kJ,mol1
NO2(k )
N2O4(k )

S0298 K 1.mol1

33,20

240,1

9,16

304,3

R 8,314 J.K 1.mol1 ;

Ar 40g.mol1

iu kin tiu chun: P0 = 1,0000.105Pa, T = 298K.

Cu 5 (1,0 im)
Xt phn ng: CH3Br + KOH CH3OH + KBr
(1)
Tc ban u ca phn ng, cc nng ban u ca CH3Br v KOH c cho bng di y,
tt c cc th nghim u tin hnh 25oC.

CoCH3Br (mol/l)
0,10
0,10
0,033

Th nghim 1
Th nghim 2
Th nghim 3

CoKOH (mol/l)
0,10
0,17
0,20

vo (mol/l/s)
2,80.10-6
4,76.10-6
1,85.10-6

a) Xc nh bc ring phn, bc ton phn v hng s tc ca phn ng (1).

b) Trong th nghim 1, cn thi gian l bao nhiu nng KOH l 0,05 M.
Cu 6 (1,0 im)
Cho pin in ha sau nhit 298K:
a) Hy cho bit: ngha ca k hiu " " v vai tr ca n.
b) Vit phng trnh ha hc xy ra khi pin hot ng.
c) Tnh sut in ng tiu chun ca pin v bin thin nng lng t do chun Go ca phn ng.
Bit ECro / Cr 0,741V ; EBro (l ) / 2 Br 1,090V .
3

Cu 7 (1,0 im)
Trong nc axit hirazoic HN3 l mt axit yu, c hng s phn li axit Ka bng 2,8.10-5 25 C.
A l dung dch axit hirazoic 0,050 M.
a) Tnh pH ca dung dch A 25 C.
b) Thm 0,80 gam natri azit NaN3 vo 0,150 lit A, mui tan hon ton thu c dung dch B. Tnh
pH ca dung dch B 25C. Coi th tch ca dung dch khng i.
c) Thm 0,075 lit dung dch NaOH 0,100 M vo 0,150 lit A thu c dung dch D. Tnh nng ion
OH- ca dung dch D 25 C.
Cu 8 (1,0 im)
O2
Cl2
Cl2
C+D
Cho s chuyn ha:
lu hunh
A
B
Fe ( III )
130o C
Bit:
Hp cht A l cht lng mu vng cha 52,50% Cl v 47,50% S.
Hp cht B l cht lng mu , d ht m.
Hp cht C l cht lng khng mu cha 59,6% Cl; 26,95% S v 13,45% O.
Hp cht D c khi lng mol phn t tng i l 134.96 g. mol1. Hp cht D c th thu c bng
phn ng trc tip ca C vi O2.
Cho bit cng thc phn t v cng thc cu trc ( hnh v cng thc Lewis) cc hp cht t A
n D.
Cu 9 (1,0 im)
1/ Hon thnh cc phn ng oxi ha - kh sau, ch r s oxi ho, s kh:
a) Cl2 + I2 + OH-
b) NaClO + KI + H2O
c) F2 +
OF2 + ..+.
d) Na2SO3 +.
Na2S2O3
2/ a) Hy xp cc hp cht sau theo th t gim dn tnh axit: SiF4, SiI4, SiCl4, SiBr4. Gii thch.
b)Hy gii thch ti sao flo khng th to ra cc oxiaxit nh clo?
Cu 10 (1,0 im)
Trong mt th nghim, Ernest Rutherford quan st c rng mt mu 88Ra226 c khi lng 192 mg
sau khi 83 ngy th sinh ra 6,83 mm3 kh He 273 K v 1 atm.
a) Hy tnh s mol He sinh ra trong th nghim trn.
S phn r to ra bi 1g Ra trong mt giy l 4,6 1010 phn r.
b) Hy cho bit s phn r quan st c trong th nghim ca Rutherford.
c) 226Ra phn r pht ra tia v to thnh 214Pb. Hy tnh s nguyn t He c sinh ra trong th
nghim ca Rutherford.
d) S dng cc s liu cho trn, hy tnh s Avogadro.
------------------------------------------------------Cho: N = 14, O = 16, Na = 23, Cl = 35,5; S = 32, Ar = 40