Bi tp: i cng ho hu c

1. Cho cc cu sau : a) Cng thc n gin nht cho bit t l s nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht. b) Cng thc phn t cng cho bit t l s nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong phn t. c) Cng thc phn t cng cho bit s nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong phn t. d) T cng thc phn t c th bit c s nguyn t v t l s nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong phn t. e) xc nh c cng thc phn t ca cht hu c nht thit phi bit PTK ca n. g) Nhiu hp cht hu c c cng thc n gin trng vi cng thc phn t. Nhng cu ng l : A. a, c, d, e 2. Cho cc cu sau : B. a, b, d, c, g C. a, b, c, d, g D. tt c cc cu trn

a) Cc nguyn t trong phn t hp cht hu c lin kt vi nhau khng theo mt th t nht nh. b) Lin kt gia cc nguyn t C vi cc nguyn t phi kim khc trong phn t cht hu c l lin kt cng ho tr. c) Lin kt gia cc nguyn t phi kim vi nhau l lin kt cng ho tr. d) Cc cht c cng cng thc phn t nhng khc nhau v cng thc cu to l nhng cht ng ng ca nhau . e) Cc cht khc nhau c cng cng thc phn t uc gi l cc cht ng phn ca nhau. g) Cc cht c thnh phn phn t hn km nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH n nhng c tnh cht ho hc tng t nhau l nhng cht ng ng. h) Cng thc cu to cho bit th t v cch thc lin kt gia cc nguyn t trong phn t. i) Axit axetic v etyl axetat l ng ng ca nhau v phn t ca chng hn km nhau 2 nhm CH 2 v chng u tc dng c vi kim. Nhng cu ng l : A. b, c, d, h B. a, b , c, g, h, i C. b, c, e, g, h D. a, b, d, e, g, h 12. nhn bit kh NH3 sinh ra khi nh tnh nit, nn dng cch no trong cc cch sau : A. Ngi B. Dng giy qu tm tm t C. Dng dd AgNO3 D. Dng phenolphtalein 3. C 4 hp cht X, Y, Z, T. Ngi ta cho mu th ca mi cht ny ln lt qua CuO t nng, CuSO4 khan v bnh cha dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Sau th nghim thy mu X ch lm CuSO4 i mu xanh; mu Y ch to kt ta trng bnh cha dd Ca(OH)2; mu Z to hin tng c 2 bnh ny, cn mu Tkhng to hin tng g. Kt lun ng cho php phn tch ny l : A. X ch cha C B. Z l mt hidrocacbon C. Y ch cha nguyn t H D. T l cht v c 4. un nng cht hu c A vi axit H2SO4 c th to ra sn phm , m khi cho tc dng vi dugn dch NaOH cho kh c mi khai. t chy A, ri cho sn phm hp th vo dung dch AgNO 3 th xut hin kt ta trng. Cht A chc chn cha nguyn t : A. N; Cl B. C, H, N, Cl C. C, N, Cl D. C, H, O, N, Cl 5. t chy hon ton 4,65 gam mt cht hu c X bng O2 thu c 13,2 gam CO2 v 3,15 gam H2O. Nu nung 5,58 gam X vi CuO th thu c 672 ml N2 (ktc). Cng thc n gin nht ca X l :

A. C6H7N B. C3H3N C. C2H7N 6. Cng thc phn t cht hu c no di y c tn ti ?

D. C2H3NO

A. C3H10O B. C4H9O C. C3H9N D. C5H12N 7. Cht X cha : 54,55 % C ; 9,09 % H; 36,36 % O. Mx = 88. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C4H8O2 B. C3H4O3 C. C4H10O D. C5H12O 8. Cht Y c PTK bng 60. Trong m gam Y cha : mc = 2,88 gam; mH = 0,48 gam; mO = 3,84 gam. Ctpt ca Y l: A. CH2O B. C3H8O C.C2H4O2 D. C2H6O2 9. Kh t chy 1,50 gam ca mi cht A hoc B hoc D u thu c 0,90 gam nc v 2,2 gam kh CO 2. A, B, D : A. L ng dng cu nhau B. L ng phn cu nhau C. C cng cng thc n gin nht D. C cng phn t khi 10. Cht hu c A cha 7,86 % H; 15,73 % N v khi lng. t chy hon ton 2,225 gam A thu c 1,68 lt CO2 (ktc); ngoi ra cn c c hi nc v kh nito. A coa PTK < 100. Cng thc phn t ca A l A. C3H7O2N B. C2H7O2N C. C3H7ON D. C5H14O2N 11. t chy hon ton 200 ml hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) bng 1200 ml O 2 ( ly d). Sau phn ng th tch kh cn li 1700 ml sau khi qua dung dch H 2SO4 c cn 900 ml v sau khi qua dung dch KOH cn 100 ml. Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin. cng thc phn t X l

A. C4H8O2 B. C3H8O C. C3H6O2 D. C4H8O 12. t chy hon ton 3,0 gam cht hu c X ri dn sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d,
thy xut hin 10 gam kt ta v khi lng dung dch ban u gim i 3,8 gam. cng iu kin, th tch hi ca 1,5 gam X bng th tch ca 0,8 gam kh O2. Cng thc phn t cu X l A. C2H6O2 B. C2H4O2 C. C2H6O D. C3H6O2 13. t chy hon ton 2,3 gam cht hu c X thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 2,7 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. C2H6O2 B. C2H4O2 14. Cp cht no di y l ng ng ? C. C2H6O D. C3H6O2

A. propen ( C3H6) v xyclobutan (C4H8) B. Butan-1,3- dien (C4H6) v propin (C3H4) C. n- butan (C4H10) v isobutan (C4H10) D. benzene (C6H6) v isopropyl benzene (C9H12) 15. . Cp cht no di y khng phi l ng ng ? A. propen (C3H6) v CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 C. Butan-1,3-dien (C4H6) v isoprene (C5H8) 16. Phn ng no di y l phn ng cng ? A. nCH2=CH-CH=CH2(-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n C. CH3-CH2-OHCH2=CH2 + H2O 17. Phn ng no di y l phn ng th ? B. xiclopropan (C3H6)v xyclobutan (C4H8) D. CH=CH v CH2=C=CH2 B. C6H6 + Br2 C6H5Br + HBr D.CH2=CH-CH2-OH+H2CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

A. (CH3)3COH+HCl(CH3)3C-Cl + H2O B. CH2=CH-COOH+H2 CH3-CH2-COOH C. n CH2=CH2( -CH2-CH2-)n D. 3CH4 C2H2 + 3 H2 18. Cu to no di y c ng phn hnh hc ? A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 C. CHCl=C(CH3)2 19. Cu to di y c 3 ng phn hnh hc ? A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 C. CHCl=C(CH3)2 B. CH2=CH2 D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2 B. CH2 = CH2 D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2

20. Cu to di y c 4 ng phn hnh hc ? A. CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH3 C. CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CHO 21. Kt lun no sau y l ng ? B. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 D. CH2=C=CH2

A. Phn ng ca cc cht hu c thng xy ra rt nhanh. B. Phn ng ca cc cht hu c thng xy ra rt chm v theo nhiu hng khc nhau. C. Phn ng ca cc cht hu c thng xy ra rt chm v ch theo mt hng xc nh. D. Phn ng ca cc cht hu c thng xy ra rt nhanh v theo mt hng hng nht nh. 22. Cht X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Cng thc n gin nht cu X l : A. C3H5O2 B. C6H10O4 C. C3H10O2 D. C12H20O8 23. S lin kt xichma ( ) c trong phn t CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH2Cl l : A. 12 B. 13 C. 15 24. S lin kt xichma ( ) c trong phn t C6H5-CH=CH-CHO l : A. 15 B. 16 25. S cu to ha hc c cng CTPT C5H12 l : A. 2 B. 3 26. S cu to ha hc c cng CTPT C5H10 l : A. 6 B. 10 27. S cht c cng CTPT C5H10 l : C. 17 C. 4 C. 8 D. 17 D. 19 D. 5 D. 7

A. 8 B. 10 C. 12 D. 9 28. S cu to c cng CTPT C3H6O5 trong phn t c 1 lin kt i C=O l : A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 29. S cht mch h, khng c lien kt i C=C, c cng CTPT C4H8O l A. 3 ca X l A. C3H6O. B. C3H8O C. C4H6O2 D. C3H6O2 31. Phn tch hp cht hu c X cho kt qu 37,21% C, 7,75% H; 55,04% Cl. cng iu kin nhit v p sut, 6,45 gam hi X chim th tch bng th tch ca 3,2 gam O2. CTPT ca X l. A. C2H5Cl B. C3H7Cl C. CH2Cl2 D. C2H6Cl 32. Mt hp cht hu c X cha 10,34% H theo khi lng. Khi t chy X ch thu c CO2 v H2O vi s mol bng nhau. V s mol O2 tiu tn bng 4 ln s mol X. Xc nh CTPT ca X. 33. Hp cht hu c A cha C, H, O. Khi t chy A. thu c s mol CO 2 bng s mol H2O. T khi hi ca A vi H2 l 29. Xc nh CTPT ca A. 34. t chy hon tan 100 ml hi ca cht A cn 250 ml O 2 to ra 200 ml hi H2O. Cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut. Tm CTPT ca A. 35. t chy hon ton 10,4 gam hp cht hu c A, dn ton b sn phm qua bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c d v bnh 2 ng nc vi d thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 3,6 gam v bnh 2 c 30 gam kt ta. Khi ha hi 5,2 gam A thu c th tch ng bng th tch ca 1,6 gam O2 trong cng iu kin nhit p sut. Xc nh CTPT ca A. B. 4 C. 2 D. 5 D. 5

30. Phn tch mt hchc X cho kq: 60% C, 13,33% H cn li l O. T khi hi ca X so vi CH 4 l 3,75. Ct

36. t chy hon ton 0,01 mol X bng 0,616 lt oxi va thu c 1,344 lt hn hp CO2, N2 v hi nc. Sau khi lm ngng t hi nc, hn hp kh cn li 0,56 lt v c t khi hi vi H2 bng 20,4. Xc nh CTPT ca X bit rng cc th tch o cng iu kin nhit p sut. 37. t chy 5,55 gam hp cht hu c A cn 10, 08 lt O 2(ktc), phn ng sinh ra 6,75 gam H2O. cng iu kin, th tch hi ca 18,5 gam hp cht A bng th tch ca 7 gam kh nit. Xc inh cng thc phn t A. Vit tt c cc ng phn cu to ca A. 38. t chy a gam hp cht hu c X cn 9,24 lt oxi ( ktc), phn ng sinh ra 6,72 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam H2O. Ha hi 18 gam X thu c th tch bng th tch ca 8 gam kh Oxi cng iu kin. Xc nh CTPT ca X. 39. t chy hon ton 0,42 gam cht M thu c kh CO 2 v hi nc. Dn ton b sn phm vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 1,86 gam v c 3 gam kt ta. Khi ha hi a gam M bng 40% th tch a gam kh N2 ( cng iu kin ). Tm M 40. Phn tch a gam A thu c x gam CO2 v y gam H2O. Bit 3x = 11y v 7a = 3(x+y). T khi hi ca A so vi khng kh nh hn 3. Tm cng thc phn t ca A. 41 Cht hu c A cha C, H, N, O. Khi t chy hon ton A to ra CO 2, H2O, N2 trong s mol H2O ln gp 1,75 ln s mol CO2. Tng s mol CO2 v H2O bng 2 ln s mol O2 phn ng. phn t khi ca A nh hn 95. Tm CTPT ca A.