Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

Ph lc: Hng dn gii bi tp ln

Phn ph lc hng dn cch gii mt s bi tp ln thc hin phn tch, thit k hng i tng: H thng rt tin t ng ATM, H thng m phng h thng cc thang my H thng qun l o to trong cc trng i hc

Bi 1: Xy dng phn mm cho h thng rt tin t ng ATM

1.1 M t bi ton Gi s c cc my rt tin t ng ATM t nhng v tr khc nhau (ti cc ph, khu cng s, trung tm thng mi) trong thnh ph. Chng c ni vi Trung tm ti tr s Ngn hng thng qua h thng mng my tnh. My tnh trung tm lu tr v qun tr CSDL khch hng, x l nhng cng vic chuyn ngnh ca ngn hng v yu cu ATM tr tin. My rt tin t ng bao gm my c th t, mn hnh v bn phm tng tc vi ngi s dng. Khch hng c th rt tin t ng, chuyn tin, xem s d trong ti khon v thc hin thanh ton vi h thng tn dng ca Ngn hng. Trong nhng trng hp c nh b mt th (b l s th cn cc), hay mun thay i s th th khch hng c th thay i s th cn cc c nhn (PIN) v tng t nh vy, khi khch hng bo b mt th th Ngn hng cng c th quyt nh thay i s th v bo cho khch hng bit m bo khng cho nhng ngi khng phi ch s hu rt c tin. 1.2 Biu ca s dng 1. Cc tc nhn Bng nhng phng php nu chng 3, chng ta xc nh c cc tc nhn ca h ATM:

KhachHang: nhng i tng chnh m h thng ATM phc v vic rt/gi

tin t ng.

H thng tn dng: b phn tn dng ca Ngn hng qun l v phc v tn

dng cho khch hng.

Nhn vin Ngn hng: nhng ngi c quyn thay i s th cn cc

ca khch hng khi cn thit. 2. Cc ca s dng

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Tng t, chng ta cng xc nh c cc ca s dng (nhng cng vic) m h thng phi thc hin:

Rt tin: nhng khch hng c tin trong ti khon ca Ngn hng, khi cn
rt tin th nhp s th cn cc ri nhp s lng tin cn rt ra t bn phm. H thng ATM kim tra v s tr ng s tin m khch cn rt nu mi iu kin c tho mn.

Chuyn tin (gi tin vo ti khon): khch hng c th chuyn tin t mt

ti khon khc v ti khon ca mnh hoc gi tin trc tip vo ti khon.

Xem s d trong ti khon: gip khch hng bit c mnh cn trong ti

khon.

Thanh ton: khch hng c th s dng thanh ton vi h thng tn dng

ca Ngn hng.

Thay i PIN: khch hng, hoc nhn vin Ngn hng c th thay i s th
cn cc khi cn thit. 3. Biu ca s dng

Rut tien Nhan vien N gan hang

Thay doi PIN KhachHang Chuyen tien

X so du em

Thanh toan He thong tin dung

Hnh 2-1 Biu ca s dng ca ATM 1.3 Biu lp 1. Xc nh cc lp i tng Trn c phn tch cc hot ng ca h thng ATM, chng ta d nhn thy c nhng lp i tng sau:

ManHinh: nhn d liu nhp vo v hin th cc thng bo nhc. MayDocThe: c th cn cc, kim tra v phc v xong cc yu cu th
tr li th cho khch hng.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

TaiKhoan: lp cha cc thng tin v s ti khon, s th cn cc v s

tin ca khch hng.

MayTraTien: da vo s d trong ti khon v yu cu rt tin tr tin

cho khch hng.

HeThongTinDung: lu tr cc thng tin v khch hng, tin t v thc hin

cc dch v ca Ngn hng. 2. Cc mi quan h ca cc lp Trong h thng ny cc lp ch yu c mi quan h kt hp. 3. Biu lp
M n in aH h M yD c a o Te h M yT T n a ra ie

T iK o n a ha H T o g in u g e h n T Dn

Hnh 2-2 Biu lp ca ATM 1.4 Biu trnh t hiu r hot ng ca h thng, vi mi ca s dng cn phi xy dng mt biu trnh t m t vic trao i thng ip gia cc i tng dc theo trc thi gian. V d ca s dng Rt tin: khi c mt khch hng c yu cu rt tin th trnh t cng vic phi thc hin nh sau: 1. Ngi khch, ng Vn Ba a th vo my c th 2. My c th c, kim tra tnh hp php v khi ng mn hnh 3. H thng ATM hin th thng bo Yu cu nhp PIN? 4. ng Vn Ba nhp ng PIN, h thng kim tra s ti khon v yu cu khch hng la chn giao dch: rt tin, chuyn tin, xem s d? 5. ng Vn Ba chn giao dch Rt tin 6. Mn hnh ATM hin th thng bo Nhp s tin cn rt ra? 7. ng Vn Ba nhp s tin nh ly ra. 8. H thng kim tra s tin trong ti khon x l: cho rt (t tin), cp nht li s tin trong ti khon sau tr li th cho khch hng.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML thc hin nhng cng vic trn phi c s tham gia ca cc i tng thuc cc lp: MayDocThe, ManHinh, TaiKhoan v MatraTien, qu trnh trao i thng ip gia chng c m t trong biu trnh t nh hnh 2-3. Biu hnh 2-3 m t ton b cc lung trao i thng ip gia cc i tng x l ca s dng Rt tin ca h thng ATM thng qua v d trng hp ng Vn Ba rt ra 100000 . Thng qua biu , khch hng theo di c qui trnh nghip v c th, ngi phn tch thy c lung tin trnh cng vic, ngi pht trin thy c nhng i tng cn xy dng v nhng thao tc m nhng i tng cn phi thc hin, cc k s h thng hiu c chi tit cc cng vic xy dng qui trnh th nghim, kim tra kt qu thc hin.

V nB : a a K a Hn h ch a g d c th o e

d c th : o e My o T e a Dc h

: M n in aH h

: T iK o n a ha

: My r T n a Ta ie

k o d n m nh h h i o g a in Y uc u n a P e a hp I N N a PN2 4 6 hp I ( 35) K mtr PN ie a I

Y uc uc o g od h e a h n ia ic C o g od h"R t tie " h n ia ic u n S tie c nr t r ? o n a u a: N a s tie c nr t( 0 0 0 hp o n a u 100) r tT n1 0 0 ) u ie ( 0 0 0

g ma h a ( 0 0 0 ia T iK o n1 0 0 ) tr tie ( 0 0 0 a n 100) tr th a e

Hnh 2-3 Biu trnh t ca ATM m t ca s dng Rt tin 1.5 Biu cng tc Tng t nh biu trnh t, biu cng tc tp trung m t s trao i tng tc gia cc i tng theo ng cnh cng vic, khng quan tm ti yu t thi gian. Biu cng tc cho ca s dng Rt tin c m t nh hnh 2-4.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

10: can ru (1 t 00000) 5: N hap P IN 8: C hon giao dich "R tien" ut : M anH inh 4: Y cau nhap P eu IN 6K : iem tra PI N 11: rutT ien(100000) 12: K iem tra 16: tra the : M D he ay ocT : T hoan aiK 15: tra ie T n(100000) : M T ien ay raT 14: traT ien(100000 ) 13: giamT hoan(100000) aiK

7: Y cau cho giao dich eu V B :K an a hachH ang 1: doc the 2 doc so the : 9: S tien can rut o

3: khoi dong man hinh

Hnh 2-4 Biu cng tc m t ca s dng Rt tin 1.6 Thit k lp chi tit Nhim v tip theo l xc nh cc thuc tnh v cc thao tc ca cc lp i tng trong biu 2-2. + Cc thuc tnh c xc nh thng qua vic phn tch cc chc nng v nhim v m mi i tng phi thc hin. + Cc thao tc: da ch yu vo cc biu trnh t, biu cng tc v cc mu gn trch nhim xc nh. T hai cch thc hin nh trn chng ta c biu lp chi tit nh sau:
My o T e a Dc h s Te oh d cT e) o h( tr T e) ah( k m r T e) ie Ta h ( M n in aH h n a V o) hp a( th n B o h c ) o g a Na ( My r T n a Ta ie s T iK o n oa ha tr T n) a ie (

T iK o n a ha s T iK o n oa ha PN I sD ou m T iK o n) oa ha( r tT n) u ie ( g ma h a ( ia T iK o n) k mr S D( ie Ta o u) *

H T o g in u g e h n T Dn d n S c T iK o n ah aha ha c p h t( a Na ) ta L p a h a ( o a T iK o n) hy oa ha( u B T iK o n)

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Hnh 2-5 Biu lp chi tit 1.7 Biu thnh phn Biu thnh phn cho ta ci nhn vt l v m hnh h thng. C ba loi chnh trong biu , l thnh phn kh thi, thnh phn m ngun v cc th vin. Trong Rose, mi lp c th c nh x vo mt thnh phn m ngun. Hnh 2-6 m t biu thnh phn ca ATM trn my trm. Nu chng ta chn ngn ng lp trnh C++ ci t th mi lp s c hai tp tng ng l .cpp v .h ring bit. V d: lp ManHinh nh x thnh hai thnh phn v sinh m tng ng thnh hai tp .h (header) v tp .cpp (thn ca lp). Khi tt c cc lp dch xong th ta mi c thnh phn thc thi ATMClient.exe.
M ay DocThe .h .exe <<M ain Program >> A TM

M ayDocThe .cpp

M anHinh .h

M ayTraTien

.h

M anHinh .cpp

M ay TraTien . cpp

Hnh 2-6 Biu thnh phn ca ATM trn my trm H thng ATM c hai tin trnh x l chnh. Tin trnh th nht l ATM trn my trm gm cc thnh phn My tr tin, my c th v Mn hnh. Tin trnh th hai l My ch ATMc Ti khon v HT tn dng. Biu thnh phn ca My ch ATM c m t nh hnh 2-6.
< S b r ga B d > < u po r m o y > A M ev r T Sre .e e x HT Dn T in u g T iK o n a ha .h .h

T iK o n a ha .c p p

HT Dn T in u g

.c p p

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Hnh 2-7 Biu thnh phn ca My ch ATM C th c nhiu biu thnh phn cho mt h thng , s lng ny ph thuc vo cc h thng con ca n. Mi h thng con l gi thnh phn, do vy, h thng ATM c hai gi: gi My trm v gi My ch. 1.8 Biu trin khai Biu trin khai ch ra cch b tr vt l cc thnh phn ca h thng trn mng. H thng ATM c nhiu tin trnh con chy trn cc thit b (my trm) c gi l cc nt v chng kt ni vi my ch. My ch c kt ni vi My ch (trung tm thng tin Ngn hng) thng qua mng LAN. Nh vy, h thng ATM c xy dng theo kin trc ba tng: tng CSDL, tng my ch (ATM Server) v tng cc my trm (ATMClient) c m t trong biu trin khai nh hnh 2-8.
CD SL Na h n gn ag

< L N> <A >

Myc u a h AM T < Mn r n > < a g ie g >

M y in a

M y tr m a a s 1 o

< Mn r n > < a g ie g >

M y tra a m s n o

Hnh 2-8 Biu trin khai ca h thng ATM

Bi 2: Phn tch v thit k h thng iu khin cc thang my

2.1 M t bi ton Cn xy dng mt h thng phn mm iu khin n thang my trong mt to nh c m tng. Hot ng ca h thng phi p ng cc yu cu:

Mi thang my m nt bn (button), mi nt ng vi mt tng trong to nh.

Khi mt nt c nhn th n nt bt sng v thang my s chuyn n tng tng ng. ca nt s tt khi thang my i n tng yu cu. Tng trn cng ch c mi tn xung, tng di cng c mi tn ln.

Mi tng, tr tng trn cng v tng cui cng, u c 2 nt: mt nt c mi

tn ln yu cu ln tng trn v mt nt v mi tn xung yu cu i xung cc tng di. Nhng nt ny s c bt sng khi chng c nhn v sau s t ng tt khi c mt thang my i n, dng v m ca n nhng ngi i theo cng chiu.

Khi khng c ai yu cu th thang my ng nguyn v tr hin thi vi c

ng v ch cc yu cu tip theo.

-7-

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML 2.2 Biu ca s dng Trc tin chng d nhn thy, h thng thang my c hai loi nt cn phn bit:

Nt thang my c nh s theo tng trong to nh ngi vo thang

my nhn tng cn i n.

Nt trn tng tng l cc mi tn ln / xung ngi ngoi thang my

nhn khi c yu cu i ln hoc i xung. hiu r v hot ng ca h thng chng ta thng phi xc nh mt s kch bn, mt trng hp c th ca ca s dng. Quan h gia kch bn v ca s dng cng tng t quan h gia i tng v lp.

Ca s dng cp n quan h tng tc gia cc lp ca h thng vi cc

tc nhn (ngi s dng)

Kch bn li l tp c th cc s tng tc gia nhng i tng v nhng

tc nhn xc nh. Mt kch bn thng thng trong h thng cc thang my c xy dng nh sau: 1. Ngi A tng 3 nhn nt mi tn ln () yu cu thang my i ln tng 7. 2. Nt tng 3 bt sng. 3. Mt thang my i n tng 3. Trong thang my c ngi B vo t tng 1 v nhn nt i ln tng 9. 4. Nt tng 3 tt. 5. Thang my m ca v ngi A i vo. 6. Ngi A nhn nt 7 trong thang my. 7. Nt s 7 trong thang my bt sng. 8. Thang my ng ca v i ln tng trn. 9. Thang my i n tng 7. 10. Nt s 7 bn trong thang my tt. 11. Thang my m ca ngi A ra tng 7. 12. Thang my ng ca 13. Thang my tip tc i ln theo yu cu ca ngi B. 14. v.v Nhng kch bn tng t nh trn, nhng khng bnh thng c th xy ra nh:

tng 3 c ngi i ra v ngi A i vo thang my ng thi li mun i

xung tng 1. Trong khi bn trong thang my c ngi B nhn i ln tng 9.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

Khi thang my s i ln tng 9 ngi B (yu cu trc) ngi ra

ri mi i xung tng 1. Lu : trong UML c hai biu m t cc kch bn l biu trnh t v biu cng tc. 1. Cc tc nhn + Ngi s dng : ngi s dng thang my trong to nh. 2. Cc ca s dng + Nhn nt trong thang my: phc v cho ngi s dng i ln hoc i xung cc tng nh theo yu cu. + Nhn nt trn tng: phc v cho ngi s dng cn i ln hoc i xung. 3. Biu ca s dng: Biu ca s dng c xy dng n gin nh sau:

ND S

N a n t tr n th n m y hn u og ag a

N a n t tr nta g hn u e n

Hnh 2-1 Biu ca s dng ca h thng thang my Tt nhin, y chng ta khng quan tm nhng chc nng qun v duy tr hot ng ca h thng thang my m ch tp trung m phng hot ng ca chng. 2.2 Biu lp Nhim v chnh ca bc tip theo l: + Xc nh cc lp (i tng) v cc thuc tnh ca chng. + Xc nh mi quan h gia cc lp. Lu : trong giai on paan tch th ch cn xc nh cc thuc tnh ca lp ch cha cn quan tm n cc phng thc. 1. Cc lp ca h thng thang my y chng ta da ch yu vo m t bi ton v nhng kch bn nu trn xc nh cc i biu ca lp. + Lp nt trong thang my, t tn l NutThangMay + Lp nut trn tng, t tn l NutTrenTang + Lp thang my, t tn l ThangMay + Lp ca thang my, t tn l CuaTM. Ngoi ra nhng khi nim nh n bt sng hay tt cng c th xem nh i biu ca lp, nhng y chng c th xem chng nh thuc tnh ca lp cc nt. 2. Phn tch mi quan h gia cc lp

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML A/ D nhn thy hai lp NutThangMay v NutTrenTang c nhng thuc tnh, hanh vi tng t nh nhau, do vy c th gp thnh mt lp tng qut, lp c s ca chng. Lp ny c t tn l NutBam. B/ Mi lp ThangMay c m nt ng vi m tng v c n thang my, nn lp ThangMay v NutThangMay c quan h kt hp m-n. Tng t, lp ThangMay v lp NutTrenTang c quan h kt hp 1- 2m-2. Biu lp ca h thng thang my c phc tho nh hnh 2-2.
N Bm u a t dn Bo a e : ol n e

N Tag a u hnM t y

N T nag u r Tn t e 2m 2 n Tag a hnM y 1

CT u M a

Hnh 2-2. Biu lp Trong qu trnh phn tch chng ta tip tc phn tch, iu chnh v lm chnh xc hn biu lp. Nhn xt: 1. Biu lp nu trn c hai lp NutThangMay v ThangMay h hp vi nhau theo quan h m n l khng ph hp cho ci t. 2. Trong h thng iu khin thang my, cc nt bm khng trao i trc tip vi cc thang my m thng thng qua B iu khin thang my. T hai nhn xt trn chng ta thy cn b sung thm lp DieuKhienTM chuyn cc quan h m-n v 1-n v ng thi thc hin vic iu khin cc hot ng ca cc thang my khi c mt ngi nhn nt yu cu i ln hoc i xung. Biu lp ca h thng thang my s c m t nh hnh 2-3.

- 10 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

NutBam den : Boolean

NutT han gMay m*n dieu kh ien 1 dieu khien n T hangMay 1 D uKhien M ie T 1 1

NutT renT ang 2m-2 dieu khien

dieu khien n CuaT M

Hnh 2-3 Biu lp ca h thng thang my 2.3 M hnh ng thi Mc ch ca m hnh ng thi l xy dng biu trng thi m t hot ng ca cc lp i tng. Trong h thng thang my, lp DieuKhienTM l trung tm, n iu khin cc hot ng ca cc thang my va cc nt bm. Do vy, chng ta tp trung xy dng biu trng thi cho lp DieuKhienTM. Gn tng t nh tmt hu hn, biu trang thi trong UML biu din cho c ba phng din: trng thi, s kin v tn t.Trng thi thng trc ca b iu khin l Ch vng lp (loop), khi c s kin Nhn nt v tho mn tn t mt nt c nhn th n chuyn sang trng thi X l yu cu, cn khi thang my dng v khng c yu cu s dng th n chuyn sang trng thi Ch i, v.v. Biu trng thi ca lp DieuKhienTM c m t nh hnh 2-4.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

[button pushed]
C v ho ong lap

[no request, doors close]

[b n pu ed, or unlif] utto sh X ly yeu ca u u do/ U pdate reque st do/ turn on b utton Kie tra de d g m un do/ C heck re quest [no req uest to stop] D chuyen tiep i do/ M e e o floor indirection d ov le. n ...

[elev stopped, no re quest] C o do h i [elevm ing in d] ov [elev stopp... reque next] st do/ C se ela ato do lo v r ors

D g cu T on a M do/ C lose doors

[reque to stop st ] T nut ba o tang at m do/ T off flo button urn or

D ung tai ta ng do/ stopelev r ato do/ O pen door s do/ U te reque pda st

X ly yeu cau tiep theo u do/ M e elev one flo in n requye ov or ext st

T nut o T at M do T off e button / urn le

Hnh 2-4 Biu trng thi Chng ta c th kim tra li cc kch bn theo biu trng thi. 2.4 Biu trnh t Thng th vi mi kch bn (ca s dng) cn phi xy dng mt biu trnh t. Chng ta hy xt kch bn nu phn trc. Biu trnh t tng ng s c xy dng nh hnh 2-5.

- 12 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

:N SD

: N renT : N hangM utT ang utT ay nhan nut tren tang

:D ieuKhienT M

:T hangM ay

:C M uaT

bat den di len tang tat den m cua o

nhan nut o thang m ay bat den dong cua di len tang tat den dong cua chuyen den tang

Hnh 2-5 Biu trnh t m t hot ng h thng thang my 2-5 Biu cng tc Tng t chng ta c biu cng tc nh hnh 2-6.
: CuaTM 11: dong cua 3: di len tren 12: di den tang : ThangMay 9: di len tren 2: bat den 4: tat den 10: tat den : NutThangMay : NutTrenTang

8: dong cua 1: nhan nut o tang 6: nhan nut thang may : NSD 7: bat den 5: mo cua

: DieuKhienTM

Hnh 2-6 Biu cng tc m t hot ng h thng thang my

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML 2.6 Thit k cc lp chi tit Biu lp c xy dng trong phn phn tch mi ch cp n cc thuc tnh ca lp ch cha cp n cc hot ng (phng thc) x l ca cc lp i tng. y l cng vic chnh ca giai on thit k. Thng qua cc biu tng tc (trnh t, cng tc v trng thi) pht hin cc hnh ng ca cc i tng, xc nh cc phng thc ca cc lp.

Mt hnh ng c th c gn cho hoc mt lp hoc mt i tng ca

lp gi thng ip cho i tng ca lp khc.

Mt nguyn tc chung thit k lp l phi m bo che giu thng tin,

ngha l cc bin trng thiph khai bo private, hoc protected. Mi thao tc trn cc bin trng thi phi cc b trong mt lp.

Mt vn c bn trong thit k l thit k theo trch nhim. Nu c mt

i tng gi mt thng ip cho mt i tng khc th i tng phi c trch nhim tr li yu ca i tng gi. Do vy, cc lp i tng ca h thng m phng thang my c nhng phng thc nh sau: 1. Lp CuaTM: c hai hm + closeDoors() ng ca thang my + opeeDoors() m ca thang my 2. Lp ThangMay: c hai hm + moveOneFloorDown() chuyn xung di mt tng + moveOneFloorUp() chuyn ln trn mt tng 3. Lp DieuKhienTM c cc hm: + controllerLoop() - iu khin hot ng ca cc thang my. + updateRequest() - cp nht li cc yu cu. + logEequest()- chn li cc yu cu khc 4. Lp NutBam: c hai hm + turnButtonOff() tt nt bm + turnButtonOn() bt nt bm Hai lp NutThangMay v NutTrenTang u k tha lp NutBam nn cng c hai hm nu trn. Cui cng, biu lp c thit k chi tit nh hnh 2-7.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

Phng thc o

NutBam den : Boolean tu rnButtonO ff() tu rnButtonO n()

Lop truu tuong

NutT han gM ay m*n dieu khien 1 d khien ieu n ThangMay mov eOneFloorDown() mov eOneFloorUp() 1 Die uKhien TM controllerLo op() 1 1

NutTrenTang 2m-2 dieu khien dieu khien n CuaTM closeDoors() openDoors()

Hnh 2-7 Biu lp chi tit Sau phn thit k chi tit cc lp l xy dng thut ton cho cc hm thnh phn ca lp. V d hm controllerLoop() ca lp DieuKhienTM c th vit nh sau: Void DieuKhienTM::controllerLoop(void){ While(TRUE){ if(a button has been pressed) if(button is no on){ NutBam::turnButtonOn(); logEequest(); // Chn li cc yu cu khc } else if(elevator is moving up){ ThangMay:: stop(); CuaTM::openDoors(); if(ElevatorButton is on) NutThangMay::turnButtonOff(); updateRequest();// Cp nht li cc yu cu } } else if (Elevator is moving down){ ThangMay:: stop(); CuaTM::openDoors(); if(ElevatorButton is on) NutThangMay::turnButtonOff(); updateRequest();// Cp nht li cc yu cu } }else if(Elevator is stopped and request is pending){ CuaTM::closeDoors(); if(FloorButton is on) NutTrenTang::turnButtonOff(); nextRequest(); // xc nh hng x l tip ThangMay::moveOneFlorUp/Down();

- 15 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML } else if(Elevator is at rest and not request) CuaTM::closeDoors(); else ThangMay::closeDoors(); // dng trng thi ch i } // while }

Bi 3: H thng qun l th vin

3.1 Cc yu cu ca bi ton

H thng Th vin qun l cc t liu, sch, bo, gi chung l cc ti liu v

cho cc c gi - nhng ngi ng k lm th bn c ca Th vin c mn cc ti liu .

Cn c vo nhu cu ca bn c v tnh hnh xut bn ca cc nh xut bn,

h thng x l vic t mua nhng ti liu mi, i vi nhng u sch ph thng th c th mua nhiu cun. ng thi nhng ti liu ht hn s dng, hoc b h hng th phi loi b khi Th vin.

Th th l nhn vin ca Th vin lm nhim v giao tip vi c gi v

cng vic ca h c h thng h tr.

c gi c th t mn sch, bo m hin ti Th vin cha c. Th vin

s t muatheo yu cu v thng bo cho c gi bit. Phiu t mn b hu b khi c gi c mn ti liu hoc trc tip c c gi hu b, hoc b th th hu b do iu kin no khng c p ng (nh khng mua c), v.v.

H thng d dng to lp, cp nht, xo b thng tin v cc mc ti liu, c

gi, ngi mn v phiu t trc, v.v.

H thng c th chy c trn cc mi trng ph dng UNIX, Windows,

OS/2, v.v. vi giao din ho GUI thn thin cho ngi s dng.

H thng c tnh m, d tng thch, d b sung, thay i theo yu cu ca

ngi s dng. 1. Phn tch cc yu cu Phn tch cc yu cu nh ngha cc ca s dng cc chc nng, dch v ca h thng v cc tc nhn ngoi. A/ Cc tc nhn ngoi + Nhn vin th vin (th th): ngi s dng h thng, c h thng h tr trong cng vic. + Bn c: nhng ngi c quyn c, mn ti liu ca Th vin. + Nh xut bn: nh xut bn cung ng sch, bo mi theo yu cu ca Th vin.

- 16 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Lu : bn c khng c php tng tc trc tip vi h thng m phi thng qua cc th th ca Th vin. B/ Cc ca s dng (chc nng chnh) Da vo cc yu cu m t nu trn v da vo vic kho st hot ng ca h thng th vin, chng ta thy h thng qun l th vin c nhng chc nng chnh nh sau: 1. t mn: bn c c th t mn nhng ti liu mi cha c trong Th vin hoc nhng ti liu c trong Th vin nhng cho mn ht. 2. Hu phiu t mn: bn c hoc th th c th hu b phiu t trc v ti liu mi khng mua c hay v nhng l do no khng p ng c. Nu th th hu phiu t trc th phi thng bo cho bn c. 3. Qun l bn c: bn c mun c hay mn ti liu ca Th vin th phi ng k v lm th c, ngha l h thng c chc nng b sung bn c. Trng hp ngc li, h thng cng c th cp nht li cc thng tin v bn c hoc khi bn c tr ht ti liu v khng cn l bn c th h thng loi b h ra khi danh sch. 4. Cho mn ti liu: nhng ngi c trong danh sch bn c c mn nhng ti liu c trong Th vin theo phiu mn. 5. Nhn tr ti liu: nhn li nhng ti liu m bn c tr. 6. Nhc tr ti liu: h thng gi thng bo nhc tr nhng ti liu m bn c gi qu hn hay nhng ti liu c bn c t mn. 7. t mua ti liu: da vo yu cu ca bn c v thng tin xut bn t mua b sung cc ti liu mi. 8. Qun l hng mc:hng mc l mt u sch, l mt bn ti liu c th. Khi c nhng ti liu mi c nhp v th thc hin b sung hng mc, khi ti liu b tht thot hay ht hn s dng th cp nht hoc loi b chng. 9. Qun l mc: mc l nh danh ca ti liu, nh tn sch, tc gi, nh xut bn, nm xut bn v thng mt mc sch c nhiu bn (hng mc item). Trong th vin, ngi ta phn bit mc vi hng mc. Hng mc xc nh mt mt u sch, mt bn ti liu c th, cn tiu xc nh tn gi ca cun sch. V d, mc ca sch Lp trnh hng i tng vi Java, on van Ban, Thng k, H Ni 2003 c 5 cun (hng mc) c m s khc nhau trong th vin. C/ Xy dng biu ca s dng Trong nhng h thng ln, phc tp chng ta nn gp mt s chc nng thnh mt gi (khi chc nng) cc ca s dng. Trong h thng qun l th vin, mi chc nng c xem nh l mt ca s dng, trong c nhng ca s dng li c th phn tch nh thnh ca s dng con nh qun l ti liu c phn thnh b sung,v loi b ti liu, qun l bn c c phn thnh b sung v loi b bn c. Biu ca h thng th vin c xy dng nh hnh 3-1.

- 17 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

m n t <<uses>>

Bsung bn c

<<uses>>

<<uses>> Qun l bn c

Cho m n ti li u

Cp nht/Loi b bn c

<<uses>> Bn c Nhn tr ti li u Bsung hng mc <<uses>> Qun l hng mc Th th

Nh tr c

Cp nht/loi b hng mc <<uses>>

Nh xut bn mua t

Bsung mc <<uses>> Qun l mc

Cp nht/loi b mc

Hnh 3-1 Biu ca s dng ca th vin Bc tip theo l tho lun vi cc nhn vin th vin, trao i vi bn c hiu r hn tng qui trnh nghip v ca nhng ca s dng trn. i vi nhng ca s dng phc tp nn xy dng cc kch bn m t hot ng ca chng. V d: ca s dng Cho mn ti liu c m t theo kch bn thc hin nh sau: 1. Nu bn c khng c phiu t mn trc (i) Da vo phiu yu cu tm mc ca ti liu m bn c mun mn (ii) Xc nh bn c (ii) Nu c mt hng mc ca mc th + Cho mn + Ghi li thng tin v ngi mn: mc, thi hn tr v cp nht li hng mc. (iii) Ngc li th t chi cho mn. 2. Nu bn c c phiu t mn trc (i) Da vo phiu mn xc nh bn c (ii) Xc nh mc (iii) Nu c mt hng mc ca mc th

- 18 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML + Cho mn + Ghi li thng tin v ngi mn: mc, thi hn tr v cp nht li hng mc. (iv) T chi cho mn. Tng t, xy dng kch bn cho nhng trng hp cn li. 2. Phn tch min bi ton xy dng m hnh khi nim Nhim v chnh ca giai on ny l phn tch min hot ng ca h thng xc nh nhng lp i tng chnh v mi quan h ca chng. A/ Xc nh cc lp i tng Da vo nhng kt qu kho st, vo m t bi ton, nhng kch bn v da vo biu ca s dng xc nh cc lp. Trong th vin c nhiu loi ti liu khc nhau v thng c phn thnh cc loi sch, bo ngy, tp ch, v.v.

Lp DeMuc: lp c s cho nhng loi ti liu khc nhau k tha. Lp ny

c nhng thuc tnh chung nh: tn gi (tenGoi), s lng (soLuong) v hm thnh phn chung nh: tm kim (timKiem()), to lp (taoLap()), loi b (loaiBo()), v.v.

Lp Sach: lp con ca DeMuc c b sung thm nhng thuc tnh m t

v nhng cun sch nh: tc gi (tacGia), nh xut bn (nhaXB), nm xut bn (namXB), s trang (soTrang), thi hn cho mn (thoiHan) mc nh nh l 21 ngy, v.v.

Lp BaoNgay: lp con ca DeMuc c b sung thm nhng thuc tnh m

t v cc loi bo pht hnh hng ngy nh: ngy pht hnh (ngayPhatHanh), thi hn cho mn (thoiHan) mc nh nh l 1 ngy, v.v.

Lp TapChi: lp con ca DeMuc c b sung thm nhng thuc tnh m

t v cc loi tp chi pht hnh hng ngy nh: s (so), tp (tap), thi hn cho mn (thoiHan) mc nh nh l 7 ngy, v.v.

Lp HangMuc: lp i tng cho cc u sch, tng bn ti liu l bn

copy ca DauMuc v c thuc tnh m s (maSo) v cc hm nh tm theo mc (timDeMuc), tm theo m s (timMaSo), ngoi ra cn c nhng hm to lp, hu b i tng ging nh cc lp khc.

Lp PhieuDatMuon: phiu mn ghi li nhng thng tin v nhng ti liu

t trc. Lp ny c thuc tnh ngy t mn (ngayDat), ti liu t mn (taiLieu) v lin kt vi lp DauMuc.

Lp NguoiMuon: lp lu li nhng thng tin v ngi mn, nhng ti liu

t mn v c mn. Lp ny c quan h vi lp HangMuc, lp ThongTinBanDoc.

Lp ThongTinBanDoc: tp cc i tng lu tr cc thng tin v bn c,

nhng ngi ng k lm th bn c ca Th vin. Thng tin lu tr

- 19 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML bao gm: h tn (tenGoi), a ch (diaChi), s th (soThe), v.v. Lp ny c quan h kt hp vi lp NguoiMuon, lp DatMuon.

Lp PhieuDatMua: da vo nhng thng tin xut bn v yu cu ca bn

c t mua nhng ti liu mi. Lp ny c quan h kt hp vi DauMuc, lp PhieuDatMuon v c thuc tnh tn nh xut bn (nhaXB),ti liu, (taiLieu), s lng t mua (soLuongMua), ngy t mua (ngayDatMua).

Lp PhieuNhacTra: gm nhng thuc tnh v ti liu m bn c mn

qu hn nh: ti liu (taiLieu), ngi mn (nguoiMuon), v.v. B/ Xy dng biu lp Da vo nhng kt qu phn tch nh trn chng ta c biu lp nh sau:
H angM uc maSo : String timMaSo() timD eMuc() 0..n N guoiMuon soT : String he taiLieu : D auMuc 0..n Sach tacGia : String nhaX : String B namX : Integer B soT rang : Integer thoiH : D = 21 an ate BaoN gay ngayPhatH anh : D ate thoiH : D = 1 an ate T apC hi so : Integer tap : Integer thoiH : D = 7 an ate 1..n D auMuc tenGoi : String soLuong : Integer timKiem () taoLap() huyBo() 1..n PhieuD ua atM nhaX : String B taiLieu : D auMuc soLuong : Integer ngayD atMua : D ate

1..n

PhieuNhacTra
taiLieu:DauMuc nguoiMuon

T hongT inBanDoc hoT : String en diaC : String hi soT : String he

PhieuD uon atM ngayD uon : D atM ate taiLieuM uon : D auMuc 0..n

Hnh 3-2 Biu lp ca h thng th vin 3.3 Biu trng thi Mi i tng ca lp thng xut hin trong nhng trng thi khc nhau. i vi nhng lp c s bin i trng thi phc tp th cn xy dng biu trng thi m t hot ng ca chng. V d: i tng ca lp DauMuc c hai trng thi chnh t mn v khng c t, s thay i ca chng c m t nh hnh 3-3.

- 20 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

khng c t entry/ s l ng t =0

hu b t m n[ s l ng t = 1 ] / s l ng t - =

t m n / s l ng t + +

t m n / s l ng t + +

c t b mt t m n[ s l ng t >1 ] / s l ng t-

Hnh 3-3 Biu trng thi ca lp i tng DauMuc 3.4 Biu trnh t hiu r cc ca s dng thng phi xy dng cc biu tng tc (trnh t hoc cng tc) m t hot ng ca cc i tng tham gia vo ca s dng . Thng thng, tc nhn ngoi trao i vi cc lp i tng phi thng qua lp giao din. V d, th th thc hin cng vic cho mn ti liu th cn phi giao tip vi lp giao din CuaSoChoMuon (ca s giao din thc hin cc chc nng tm kim ti liu, bn c v cho mn). Biu trnh t m t kch bn cho mn ti liu khi bn c khng ghi phiu t mn trc s c xy dng nh hnh 3-4.

o : ThuThu

: CuuSoChoMuon

: DauMuc

: ThongTinBanDoc

: NguoiMuon

: HangMuc

1: timDeMuc

2: timKiem(String)

3: timHangMuc

4: timtheoHangMuc(tieuDe)

5: xacDinhBanDoc 6: tim(String) 7: taoLap(nguoiMuon, thongTin, muc)

Hnh 3-4 Biu trnh t cho mn ti liu

- 21 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Tng t, xy dng cc biu trnh t, biu cng tc cho cc ca s dng khc. Da vo cc biu tng tc xc nh cc hm thnh phn ca cc lp c cc i tng tham gia vo nhng ca s dng . Lu : trong cc biu tng tc, mt i tng nhn c mt thng ip th lp ca i tng phi c hm x l thng ip gi n. V d: lp ThongTinBanDoc s c hm tim(String), lp NguoiMuon s c hm taoLap(nguoiMuon, thongTin, muc), v.v. cn lp giao din CuaSoChoMuon s c cc hm timDeMuc(), timHangMuc(), xacDinhBanDoc(), v.v. 3.5 Thit k kin trc Mt kin trc xy dng tt s l c s m rng v thay i theo yu cu ca NSD. 1. Nhim v ca giai on ny l xy dng cc gi (h thng con) v s trao i gia chng trong h thng nh th no. Vic phn chia gi c th da vo:

Tng vng chc nng c th hoc Tng vng k thut ring

S ph thuc gia cc gi phi tng i lng, ngha l nn loi b nhng quan h ph thuc hai chiu trc tip (nhng quan h ph thuc cht). 2. Vn tip theo l xc nh cc gi th vin chun, tm trong s nhng th vin ph dng nh: UI, DataBase, Communication, v.v. H thng th vin c th chia thnh cc gi: gi giao din, gi i tng tc nghip, gi CSDL v gi tin ch.

Gi giao din: gm cc lp giao din vi NSD nh CuaSoChoMuon,

CuaSoNhanTra, CuaSoTraCuu, v.v. trong cho php NSD nhp c cc yu cu, cp nht c d liu v ng thi c c nhng cc thng tin cn thit theo yu cu. Trong Java, gi AWT l th vin chun cha cc lp giao din h tr thc hin tt c nhng chc nng trn.

Gi cc i tng tc nghip: cha tt c cc lp trong phm vi bi ton nh

xc nh trong giai on phn tch (hnh 3-2) nh: DauMuc, HangMuc, ThongTinBanDoc, NguoiMuon, v.v. Tt nhin nhng lp ny phi c thit k chi tit v c b sung thm nhng thuc tnh m bo tnh nht qun trong cc lp.

Gi CSDL: cung cp cc dch v cho cc lp i tng trong nhng gi trn

v m bo d liu c lu tr mt cch nht qun.

Gi tin ch: Cha cc dch v phc v cho cc h thng con khc nhau
trong h thng. Trong c lp ObjectId c s dng ch ra chnh xc cc i tng trong h thng v c s dng trong tt c ba gi trn.

- 22 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML Mi quan h gia cc gi c m t nh hnh 3-5.
G o ie ia D n

D iT o g a N h p o u n T c g ie

Tn h ie Ic

CD SL

Hnh 3.5 Cc gi trong h thng th vin 3.6 Thit k chi tit Mc ch ca giai on ny l:

M rng v chi tit ho cc i tng tc nghip c xc nh cc giai

on trc.

M t cc lp k thut thc hin cc chc nng giao din (gi giao din) v
t chc lu tr (gi CSD). A/ Thit k chi tit gi CSDL Gi CSDL phi cung cp cc dch v m bo lu tr nht qun cc i tng. Khi thit k gi CSDL c th: + Da vo nhng h QT CSDL hng i tng c trn th trng, nh O2, ObjectStore, Jasmin, v.v. + Da vo CSDL quan h v thc hin bin i cc bng thnh i tng. Trong nhng h thng tng i nh nh h thng qun l th vin c th chn gii php n gin nht nh sau:

Lu tr cc i tng thnh cc tp trn a Cc php ton phc v lu tr nh: store(), update(), delete(), find(), c
cung cp cho NSD v h khng cn bit chi tit.

Mi thc hin lin quan n vic x l d liu ca i tng lun m abro

c tnh nht qun, c thc hin thng qua mt c gi l Persistent.

Lp Persistent l lp c s tru tng cho cc cn c cc i tng nht

qun k tha. Cc lp con ca n phi ci t thm nhng thao tc nh: write(), read() cho tng i tng c th.

Mt thnh t quan trng na tham gia vo vic bo v tnh nht qun trong
h thng l lp ObjectId, c s dng truy cp (tham chiu) ti chnh

- 23 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML cc i tng yu cu trong h thng. Cc i tng c xc nh bng nh danh ID v thng qua lnh: Persistent.getObject() hoc thng qua tham s c trao i ca cc php ton.

Vic tm kim cc i tng c thc hin tun t trong cc tp.

B/ Thit k chi tit gi cc i tng tc nghip Nhim v chnh l thit k cc thnh phn ca cc lp tc nghip v ch ra cch ci t chng nh th no. Cch thc hin nh sau:

Tt c cc lp i tng tc nghip u k tha lp Persistent v ci t b

sung nhng php ton cn thit nh: read(), write() nh nu gi CSDL.

Nhng phng thc phn tch trn c th chuyn sang m hnh thit k
chi tit hoc mt s c th thay i, nh i tn cho ph hp hn v thc hin chi tit tin li cho vic ci t giai on sau.

Tt c cc hm (phng thc) phi c nh ngha chnh xc v tn gi,

kiu tr li, i s v gn gi tr ban u nu cn. Biu lp c thit k chi tit nh trong hnh 3.6.
BaoNgay Sach TapChi

HangMuc 1..n

DauMuc 1..n

PhieuDatMua

0..n NguoiMuon 0..n Persistent

PhieuNhacTra
1..n ThongTinBanDoc 0..n PhieuDatMuon

- 24 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

<<{abstract}>> Persistent objectId : Integer $iter : AccessFile Persistent() getObject() : ObjectId getObject() : Object store() : Boolean update() : Boolean delete() : Void iterate() : Object write() read() : Object

<<Business Object>> DauMuc name : String num : Integer isbn : String items : ObjectID[] reservations : ObjectId[] findOnName() : DauMuc findOnISBN() : DauMuc getTitle() : DauMuc getISBN() : String getNum() : Integer setTitle() setISBN() setNum() addItem() removeItem() getReservation() : PhieuDatMuon <<Business Object>> Sach author : String publish : String year : Integer numOfPages : Integer timeOut : Date = 21 getAuthor() : String setAuthor() read() : Boolean write() : Boolean

<<Business Object>> ThongTinBanDoc name : String address : String city : String cardNum : String loans : ObjectId[] reservation : ObjectId[] getName() : String getName() : String setName() getAddress() : String setAddress() getLoans() : ObjectId opname() getResevation() : NguoiMuon setReservation()

<<Business Object>> HangMuc itemId : Integer title : ObjectId loan : NguoiMuon findOnItem() : Object findOnTitle() : Object getId() : Integer setId() getTitle() : String getLoan() : NguoiMuon setLoan() isBorrowed() : Boolean read() write()

<<Business Object>> TapChi num : Integer volume : Integer timeOut : Date = 7 getVolume() : Integer setVolume() getNum() : Integer setNum() getYear() : Integer setYear() read() : Boolean write() : Boolean

<<Business Object>> NguoiMuon cardNum : String items : HangMuc borrower : ObjectId[] getCardNum() : Integer setCardNum() getItems() : HangMuc setItems() getBorrower() : ObjectId[] setBorrower() read() : NguoiMuon write() <<Business Object>> BaoNgay date : Date timeOut : Date = 1 type : String read() : Boolean wrie() : Boolean

<<Business Object>> PhieuDatMuon resevDate : Date title : DauMuc getTitle() : DauMuc setTile() getReservationDate() : Date setReservDate() read() : DauMuc write()

<<Business Object>> PhieuDatMua publisher : String title : DauMuc num : Integer reserveDate : Date readInfo() writeInfo()

PhieuNhacTra items : HangMuc borrower : NguoiMuon readInfo() write()

Hnh 3-6 Biu lp chi tip C/ Thit k gi giao din Gi giao din nm trn cc gi khc, n cung cp cc dch v thng tin cho cae h thng v cc tc nhn ngoi (NSD). Thit k giao din c mt s tc phi tun theo:

Hiu v nm bt c qui trnh cng vic ca NSD i vi tng ca s dng Lm cho NSD lun c cm gic iu khin c nhng hot ng ca h
thng, ch ng trong vic hu b bt k v tc th nhng thao tc m h cm thy khng cn phi tip tc.

Cung cp nhiu cch thc hin nhng hot ng lin quan n giao din,
v d m, ng ca s v tp, v.v.

Thng tin phi n gin, d c, d hiu v mi thao tc u phi c tr

gip khi NSD kp thi.

- 25 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

Nn s dng nhng hp thoi cng kch thc. Cc thng bo c chnh

theo l tri v vic s dng mu phi hi ho, trnh lm dng mu l NSD khng ch vo cng vic chnh. Giao din trong h thng th vin c th thit k da chnh vo cc ca s dng, bao gm:

MainWindow: mn hnh chnh ca h thng, lin kt vi LenItemFrame,

ReturnItemFrame, ReservatiopnFrame, OrderFrame v ReturnRequirementFrame. CancelReservationFrame,

LenItemFrame: khung mn hnh bn c mn ti liu. ReturnItemFrame: khung mn hnh th th nhn tr li ti liu t bn

c.

ReservatiopnFrame: khung mn hnh bn c t mn ti liu. CancelReservationFrame: khung mn hnh bn c, th th hu b

phiu t mn ti liu.

OrderFrame: khung mn hnh t mua ti liu. ReturnRequirementFrame: khung mn hnh nhc i ti liu.
Cc lp giao din c quan h kt hp 1-1 vi mn hnh chnh v c quan h vi cc lp tc nghip c m t nh hnh 3-7. Nhim v cui cng ca ngi thit k l thit k chi tit cc mn hnh thc t cho tng lp giao din trn.

- 26 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML

P hieuDatM ua < < Interfac e> > LendItem Fram e < < Interfac e> > OrderFram e

P hieuDatM uon

< < Interfac e> > CancelRes ervationF ram e

P hieuDatM uon DauM uc DauM uc ThongTinB anDoc HangM uc

ThongTinB anDoc

< < Interfac e> > M ainW indow

NguoiM uon

< < Interfac e> > Res ervationF ram e

ThongTinB anDoc

NguoiM uon

< < Interfac e> > ReturnItem F ram e

P hieuDatM uon

< < Interfac e> > ReturnRequirem entF ram e

Hnh 3-7 Mi quan h gia cc lp thc th v cc giao din

Bi 4: H thng qun l ng k hc tp
4.1 Xc nh bi ton Qu trnh lp lch ging dy cc mn hc cho cc ging vin v ng k hc tp ca sinh vin thng kh phc tp, gy ra nhiu phin phc v tn km thi gian. Bi ton ny c nhng yu cu nh sau: 1. Sau khi c c danh sch cc mn ca cc gio vin d nh ging dy trong hc k ti, Phng qun l hc tp nhp cc thng tin vo h thng. H thng sau s in ra mt danh mc cc mn hc v phn pht cho cc sinh vin. 2. Sinh vin s phi in vo cc phiu ng k hc tp, trong h phi chn nhng mn d nh s hc trong hc k ti. Tt c cc phiu ng k ny c gi ti cho Phng hc tp. 3. Cc phiu ng k v chng trnh ging dy c nhp vo h thng. 4. H thng lp lch hc tp cc mn hc cho sinh vin v cho gio vin. Nu c nhng vn khng hp l (mu thun, xung t) th Phng qun l hc tp phi trao i vi sinh vin, gio vin h b sung hoc thay i quyt nh cho ph hp. Sau khi lp c lch biu hc tp cho tt c cc mn hc, cho tt c cc sinh vin th h thng in ra v gi cho sinh vin h kim tra li.

- 27 -

Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML 5. Cc phiu hc tp c x l trong mt tun, nhng yu cu thay i, phiu ngoi l c x l trong hai tun tip theo. 6. u mi hc k cc gio vin nhn c cc chng trnh ging dy: mn hc, lp, a im v thi gian m h s ging dy. Mt s im cn lu :

Mi sinh vin c chn 4 mn hc trong hc k ti. Mi mn hc sinh vin c 2 kh nng la chn: chn hoc khng chn. Mi mn hc cho mt lp khng c s sinh vin vt qu ngng qui nh,
v d 50 v khng t hn, v d 10 sinh vin. Nhng mn c qu t sinh vin ng k hc s khng c a vo dy trong hc k ti.

Gio vin c th truy cp trc tip vo h thng bit c nhng thng

tin cn thit v chng trnh ging dy.

Trc mi hc k, c mt khong thi gian sinh vin c th thay i

quyt nh v h cng c th truy cp vo h thng cp nht li quyt nh ca mnh. 4.2 Phn tch yu cu ca bi ton Mi hnh vi (nhim v, chc nng, dch v) ca h thng phi c nm bt, phi c phn tch k v c th hin trong m hnh ca s dng. A/ Cc tc nhn ngoi + Sinh vin: nhng ngi mun ng k hc tp, ghi danh vo lp hc trong hc k ti + Gio vin: nhng ngi c giao nhim v dy mt s mn i hc + Phng qun l hc tp: b phn qun l hc tp ca sinh vin, xy dng chng trnh ging dy, hc tp cho mi hc k v duy tr hot ng ca h thng. + H thng qun l phiu hc tp: b phn nhn c cc thng tin v chng trnh ging dy, lp danh mc, in v pht phiu hc tp cho sinh vin, gio vin. B/ Cc ca s dng Ca s dng l dy cc giao tc c h thng thc hin v cho nhng kt qu c ngha i vi tng tc nhn ngoi c th. Da vo nhng cu hi kho st v phn tch cc yu cu chng ta pht hin c nhng nhu cu chnh ca h thng: 1. Sinh vin s dng h thng ng k mn hc 2. Gio vin s dng h thng Chn cc mn ging dy trong hc k ti v nhn c thi kho biu t h thng.

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Phn tch, thit k hng i tng bng UML 3. Phng qun l hc tp s dng h thng Pht sinh danh mc cho kho hc v Duy tr cc thng tin v chng trnh o to, v gio vin, sinh vin. Phn tch cc yu cu trn pht hin ra cc ca s dng:

ng k kho hc: cho sinh vin Chn mn ging dy: cho gio vin Yu cu chng trnh ging dy: cho gio vin Duy tr thng tin hc tp: nhim v ca Phng qun l hc tp Duy tr thng tin GV: nhim v ca Phng qun l hc tp Duy tr thng tin SV: nhim v ca Phng qun l hc tp To lp lch biu: cho vi Phng qun l hc tp
Mi ca s dng phi c ghi li cng vi cc s kin v nhng g h thng s thc hin (xy dng cc kch bn) bao gm:

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