Bin son v xut bn bi:

D n Cp nc v V sinh tnh Bnh nh, Vit Nam http://duancapnuocvavesinh.wordpress.com Chi cc Bo v Mi trng tnh Bnh nh, Vit Nam

LI NI U

D n Cp nc v V sinh tnh Bnh nh vi mc tiu ci thin iu kin v cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn trong khu vc d n thuc 6 huyn ca tnh Bnh nh (Hoi Nhn, Ph M, Ph Ct, Tuy Phc, An Nhn v Ty Sn) thng qua vic cung cp c s vt cht t hiu qu v thy li v nc sch cng nh qun l cht thi rn. Hp phn nng cao nhn thc cng ng l mt trong nhng hp phn chnh ca d n. nng cao kin thc c bn v qun l cht thi rn, d n tin hnh bin son cun ti liu th nht Cht thi rn l g?. Thng qua ti liu ny, ban bin tp mong mun s mang li nhng kin thc c bn cho cng ng v nh ngha ng n ca cht thi rn, ngun pht sinh v phn loi cht thi rn khc nhau, tc hi ca cht thi rn. C th mt s kin thc v khi nim cn kh xa l i vi cng ng, v vy ban bin tp c gng a ra nhng li gii thch n gin, ngn gn thng qua nhng hnh nh sinh ng trc quan. Ban bin tp xin chn thnh cm n nhng ngi ng gp kin hon chnh ni dung tp ti liu. Nhn dp ny, Ban bin tp cng xin by t lng bit n n chnh quyn v nhn dn a phng cng tc gip trong thi gian i thc a v thng qua ti liu ny c gi c th truyn t vi nhng ngi xung quanh v hiu qu ca k hoch qun l cht thi rn . Xin chn thnh cm n!

NI DUNG

1. Cht thi rn l g? 2. Ngun gc pht sinh cht thi rn? 3. Phn loi cht thi rn 4. Tc hi ca cht thi rn 5. Li ch kinh t

1. CHT THI RN L G?

CHT THI L G? Cht thi l bt k loi vt liu no m c nhn khng cn dng na, hoc chng khng cn tc dng g na vi c nhn , chng cng khng cn tc dng g trong bt c hot ng no cho sn xut hoc dch v . CHT THI RN L G? Cht thi rn l cht thi th rn, c thi ra t qu trnh sn xut, kinh doanh, dch v, sinh hot hng ngy hoc cc hot ng khc. V d: giy bo, rc sn vn, c s dng, b nha, rc sinh hot v bt c nhng g m con ngi loi ra mi trng.

2. NGUN PHT SINH CHT THI RN

Cht thi rn c nhiu ngun khc nhau. Chng bao gm tt c rc thi m con ngi thi ra mi trng nhiu ni khc nhau nh t h gia nh, trng hc, bnh vin, ch

H gia nh

Ch

Trng hc

Nng nghip

Bnh vin/ Trm y t

Cng nghip

K thut

Cng trnh

3. CC LOI CHT THI RN

Ni chung, rc thi c th c chia thnh 3 loi chnh: rc phn hy sinh hc, rc khng phn hy sinh hc v rc ti ch. Phn loi rc ti ngun l mt trong nhng bc quan trng nht cho vic x l rc thi.

RC PHN HY SINH HC Rc phn hy sinh hc in hnh bt ngun t ng vt v thc vt b phn hy bi cc sinh vt sng khc. Rc phn hy sinh hc l thnh phn chnh ca rc thi th chim khong 60%.

V d: thc n tha, v, ht, li hoa qu, nhng phn rau c khng n c, rc vn,

RC TI CH

Rc ti ch l loi vt liu c th c s dng ti ch, quy trnh ti ch l s dng cc sn phm ca vt liu th m c th c s dng sn xut ra cc sn phm mi. Rc ti ch l mt s lng kh nh chim khong 15% ca cht thi rn. V d: gm thy tinh, giy loi, kim loi, nha, gi lau, qun o c hoc in...

Nha

Giy loi

Qun o c

RC KHNG PHN HY SINH HC

Rc khng phn hy sinh hc khng bt ngun t ng vt hoc thc vt, do chng kh phn hy. Chng cng khng phi l rc ti ch hoc rc ti s dng. Rc khng phn hy sinh hc l mt thnh phn kh nh ca rc thi th, v vy n ch chim 25% tng s cht thi rn. V d: t, ct, bi, snh s, thy tinh v, ci, cnh cy, gch v, bng n, mu thuc l,

4. TC HI CA CHT THI RN Nu khng c x l ng, cht thi rn c th nh hng su rng v mi trng v sc khe con ngi. V MI TRNG Nu rc khng c chn lp ng theo quy trnh k thut, n s lm nhim n mi trng t, nc mt, nc ngm, t d dn n kh nng gy nhim cy trng v nc ung ca chng ta. Hn na, vic t rc khng c kim sot nhng bi cha rc c th gy ra nhim khng kh nghim trng v cng s gy nh hng n nhng sinh vt sng. V SC KHE CON NGI Cht thi rn c th lm gia tng s lan truyn cc loi bnh tt c ngun gc t rui, mui V d: bnh h hp, d ng, tim mch, tiu ha, da, mt, v c bit nguy him l rc thi cng c th gy ra cc bnh ung th v thn kinh.

TC NG TRC TIP CA RC THI I VI NGI V NG VT

Mi trng khng kh

NGUN RC THI - Rc sinh hot - Rc sn xut (cng, nng nghip) - Rc thng nghip - Rc ti ch

Nc mt

Nc ngm

Mi trng t

Ngi v ng vt

5. LI CH KINH T Mt iu quan trng l cht thi rn cng c th mang n cho bn li ch kinh t. Li ch ca rc thi c th mang li nhun n cho bn hoc tit kim c chi ph bng cch gim lng rc thi m bn phi mang n bi chn lp hp v sinh. iu u tin bn lun ngh trong u l tm quan trng ca vic phn loi rc ti ngun. Tt c cc phn nh ca rc thi (rc phn hy sinh hc, rc khng phn hy sinh hc v rc ti ch) cn c x l theo cch khc nhau. V D: i vi vic kinh doanh ti ch rc thi, cng vic ny cng kim c tin t vic phn chia rc thi theo tng loi c th. Nhng ngi nht ve chai kim sng bng ngh thu gom loi rc ti ch ny v bn li cho cc ni thu mua ph liu.

Ngi nht ve chai thu gom chai nha ti ch

i vi rc phn hy sinh hc, c nhiu cch tit kim chi ph hoc lm ra li nhun. Thc n tha c th lm thc n cho gia sc, gia cm ca bn hoc cho nhng ngi c chn nui gia cm, gia sc. Sn xut phn vi sinh cng l mt gii php tt i vi rc phn hy sinh hc. Phn vi sinh c th c dng lm cho t thm mu m khi trng cy v rau qu.

Phn vi sinh

Rc ca ti, Trch nhim ca ti