CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM TP.HCM
KHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

BI TIU LUN
CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT
Chuyn : BO

GVHD:
SVTH:

HA CO2

PHAN TH HNG LIN

NGUYN TH KIM NGN
NGUYN TH DIM THY
NGUYN TH THY VI
BCH TH TM
NGUYN TH NGHA

3005080167
3005080415
3005080199
3005080418
3005080237

TP.HCM, 02/05/2010

MC LC
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 1

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

CHNG I: TNG QUAN BO HA CO2 TRONG NC GII KHT.....6

1.1 KH CARBONIC...........................................................................................6
1.1.1

NGUN GC CO2....................................................................................6

1.1.1.1

THU NHN CO2 T QU TRNH LN MEN BIA V RU.......6

1.1.1.2

THU NHN CO2 T PHN NG T CHY NGUYN LIU...7

1.1.2

TC DNG CO2........................................................................................7

1.1.3

C TNH CO2.........................................................................................8

1.2 NH NGHA BO HA CO2..................................................................8

1.3 BN CHT CA QU TRNH BO HA CO2........................................8
1.4 CC YU T NH HNG N BO HA CO2............................9
1.4.1

NHIT .................................................................................................9

1.4.2

P SUT...................................................................................................9

1.4.3

CC YU T KHC..............................................................................10

1.5 X L CO2 CHO QU TRNH BO HA................................................10

CHNG II: QU TRNH BO HA CO2....................................................12

2.1 PHNG PHP BO HA CO2...............................................................12
2.1.1 PHNG PHP POSTMIX....................................................................12
2.1.2 PHNG PHP PREMIX.......................................................................13
2.2 THIT B BO HA CO2...........................................................................13
2.2.1 MY BI KH..........................................................................................13
2.2.2 MY BI TRN SIRO............................................................................14

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 2

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

2.2.3 MY LNH..............................................................................................14
2.2.4 MY BO HA CO2...............................................................................15
2.2.4.1 MY BI KH NC NGUYN LIU V PHI TRN NC VI
SYRUP THNH PHM TRC, SAU TIN HNH BO HA CO2...16
2.2.4.2 MY BO HA CO2 C HAI LOI: L DNG MNG MNG V
DNG PHUN.....................................................................................................16
2.3 CC NGUYN NHN NH HNG XU N KT QU BO HA
............................................................................................................................18
TI LIU THAM KHO..................................................................................19

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 3

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

LI M U
Ngy nay cng vi tc ha th v cng nghip ha ca t nc, nghnh
cng ngh thc phm v ang ng vai tr quan trng trong nn kinh t quc dn.
ng vai tr ch lc trong c lnh vc ch bin ung.
Nc ta nm trong vnh ai kh hu nhit i c u im l th trng gii kht
ln. Ung l mt trong nhng nhu cu c bn ca con ngi. Mt khc, vi sc nng
ca nhng ngy h oi bc nh hin nay th nhu cu gii kht l mt vn v cng
thit yu trong cuc sng. V th, nhu cu gii kht cng l mt trong nhng mc tiu
cn phi t trn hng u. Cc loi thc ung ngy nay rt a dng. Th nhng, cc
loi nc gii kht c gas (CO2) s gip con ngi gii kht mt cch trit khi ta
ung. Do vy, ngy cng c nhiu sn phm ra i a dng vi nhiu tn gi khc
nhau nhng c chung im u l nc gii kht c gas (CO2).
Nc gii kht c gas (CO2) khng ch gii kht trit cn kht m n cn c
nhiu tc dng khc m khin ngi ta phi chn n. n gin l v CO 2 khi ha tan
trong nc s to ra mt lng nh acid, to nn v chua cho dung dch kt hp vi v
chua ca acid cng hng liu to nn v chua c trng cho sn phm. Ngoi ra, cn
bt kh CO2 t do cng kch thch vm ming, gip cho s tiu ha tt hn. Khng
nhng th n c tc dng nh mt cht bo qun, gp phn trong vic bo qun sn
phm trnh b h hng.
Nh chng ta u bit c tnh quan trng ca CO2 l d ha tan trong nc. Th
nhng, qu trnh bo ha CO2 trong nc gii kht cn ty thuc vo nhiu yu t
nh nhit , p sut, thit b bo ha, v.v ..V vy, sau y l phn tm hiu su
hn, chi tit hn v qu trnh bo ha CO2 trong nc gii kht.
Trong qu trnh tm hiu v thu nhn thng tin chc chn s khng trnh khi c
nhng sai st. Do , nhm sinh vin chng em mong nhn c nhng kin ng

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 4

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

gp ca C c th hon thin ti tiu lun v: bo ha CO2 trong nc gii

kht.

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 5

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

CHNG I: TNG QUAN BO HA CO2 TRONG NC

GII KHT

Nc gii kht pha ch khng cn c sn xut bng cch phi trn syrup
vi acid hu c, cht mu, hng liu, cht c ch vi sinh vt v mt s ph gia
khc. Sn phm c th c bo ha CO2 hoc khng.
Da vo s bo ha CO2 c trong sn phm, ngi ta chia nc gii kht
thnh hai nhm: sn phm c CO2 v sn phm khng c CO2. Trn th trng
th gii, nhm sn phm c cha CO2 ph bin hn v c sn xut vi s
lng rt ln. Cn nhm sn phm khng c cha CO2 ch c tiu th vi
mt th phn rt nh.
Cng ngh sn xut nc gii kht pha ch khng c cha CO2 cng tng
t nh cng ngh sn xut nc gii kht pha ch c CO2 nhng n gin hn
nhiu. im khc bit ch yu trong quy trnh sn xut nc gii kht c gas l
c qu trnh bo ha CO2. Nh th, qu trnh bo ha CO2 l nh th no? cng
nh quy trnh v thit b bo ha CO2 trong nc gii kht ra sao? V th, sau
y l phn tm hiu chi tit p ng nhng thc mc ca cc cu hi trn.
1.1

KH CARBONIC (CO2):

Hnh nh minh ha kh CO2

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 6

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

1.1.1

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

Ngun gc CO2:

Trong nc gii kht c gas, CO2 l yu t to nn s c trng ca sn

phm, khng ch nh hng n gi tr cm quan m cn gp phn lm tng
bn sinh hc ca chng.
Nh chng ta u bit, trong thin nhin CO2 c to ra t s h hp ca
ng, thc vt cng nh ca con ngi. CO2 cng c to thnh t phn ng
chy, nung vi sng, phn ng ln men, hoc t cc ging c cha kh CO2.
Th nhng, trong cc nh my sn xut nc gii kht th CO2 thng c
dng t hai ngun:
CO2 t cc phn ng ln men ca cc nh my sn xut cn, bia.
CO2 c sn xut do t chy du DO vi cht trung gian l
(MEA) monoethanol amine.

1.1.1.1 Thu nhn CO2 t qu trnh ln men bia v ru:

Cc nh my sn xut bia v ru thng c phn xng sn xut CO2.
Trong cng nghip bia v ru, CO2 l mt ph phm ca qu trnh ln men
ethanol t ng.

C6H12O6 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + Q.

Trong qu trnh ln men, mt
phn ng s c chuyn ha
thnh sinh khi nm men v cc sn
ph khc nh ru cao phn t, acid
hu c, ester, . Ngoi ra mt phn
kh CO2 c sinh ra c th b tht
thot trong qu trnh thu hi. V th,
tron thc t ngi ta ch thu hi
c trung bnh 70% lng kh CO2
c sinh ra t phng trnh ln
men ni trn.

Kim sot lu lng kh

Kh CO2 c thu nhn t qu trnh ln men bia ru s b ln cc tp cht
d bay hi nh aldehyt, ru V th, ta cn phi x l tinh sch CO2.
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 7

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

1.1.1.2 Thu nhn CO2 t phn ng t chy nhin liu:

Ngi ta thng dng du DO lm nguyn liu sn xut CO 2 theo phn ng
t chy.
Du DO v khng kh c a vo bung t. Cc nh sn xut thng
dng bugi pht ra tia la in phn ng xy ra. y l phn ng ta nhit.
Sn phm chnh s l: CO2 v nc. Tuy nhin, hn hp sau phn ng t chy,
ngoi CO2 v hi nc, cn ln rt nhiu tp cht khc nhau.
Hn hp kh t bung t s c a qua thp. Khi , mt s tp cht ha
tan c trong nc s c tch b, ng thi hn hp kh s c lm mt.
Tip theo, hn hp s c a vo thp k tip c cha monoethanol amine
(MEA). Ti y, CO2 s c hp th bi MEA, cn cc kh tp s c thot
ra ngoi. Hn hp MEA v CO2 s c a tip vo thp gii nhit ri i vo
thp hp thu hi MEA. Ring kh CO2 s i vo thp lm mt gim nhit
v i tip vo thp tip tc tinh sch. Trong thp kh CO2 c x l bng
KMnO4 nhm tch b cc tp cht kh. Ri thp, kh CO2 s c a i vo
thp c cha Na2CO3: cc hp cht acid s c loi b. Sau , kh CO2 s
c a vo thp tch nc v i vo thit b nn 3 cp tinh sch CO2
a vo s dng.
1.1.2

Tc dng CO2:

CO2 gp phn to hng v, mc d bn thn CO2 khng c v,

nhng khi ha tan trong nc s to ra mt lng nh acid, iu ny
to nn v chua cho dung dch, v kt hp vi v chua ca acid cng
hng liu to nn v c trng cho sn phm.

Cc bt kh CO2 t do cng kch thch vm ming.

Cc bt kh CO2 si ln trn b mt sn phm lm cho sn phm

hp dn hn.

CO2 gip cho s tiu ha tt.

Tc dng nh mt cht bo qun: CO2 ngn chn s pht trin ca

vi sinh vt. Nh chng ta u bit, nhng vi sinh trong t nhin nhim
vo thc phm v thc ung thng l vi sinh vt hiu kh hoc k kh
ty tin. Trong sn phm nc gii kht c gas, kh CO2 s to nn mt
mi trng k kh, do s c ch s pht trin ca vi sinh vt hiu kh
bt buc. Kh CO2 c th c ch vi sinh vt theo nhiu cch:
CO2 lm thay i chc nng mng t bo cht ca vi sinh vt, do
s nh hng n kh nng vn chuyn cht dinh dng t mi
trng bn ngoi vo bn trong t bo v thi b mt s sn phm trao
i cht t bn trong t bo ra mi trng bn ngoi.
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 8

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

CO2 cng c th c ch hot tnh ca mt s enzyme ca t bo vi

sinh vt v lm ri lon qu trnh trao i cht ca t bo.

CO2 khi c hp th vo bn trong t bo s lm thay i gi tr
pH ca t bo cht.
CO2 lm bin i mt s tnh cht ha l ca protein trong t bo
vi sinh vt v gy ri lon qu trnh trao i cht t bo.
1.1.3

c tnh CO2:

CO2 l mt kh nng, khng mu v gn nh khng mi, khng chy, khng

gy n mn kim loi. Khi tan trong nc, CO2 to ra mt dung dch acid nh
(acid carbonic) c pH t 3,2 n 3,7 v khng gy nguy him cho vt liu
thng thng. Trong mi trng nhiu kh CO2, n c th gy ngt th v n ct
ngun cung cp oxi. V vy, CO2 c dng lm cht cha chy.
CO2 cn l nguyn liu chnh ca phn ng quang tng hp ca thc vt.
CO2 thng hin din 3 trng thi:
CO2 dng kh khi nhit trn 31,10C.
CO2 s ha lng nhit thp hn 31,10C. nhit bnh
thng, CO2 ch trng tho lng khi c nn vi p sut cao. V vy,
CO2 lng phi lun c cha trong bnh chu c p sut cao.

CO2 s trng thi rn nhit - 56,60C, c mu trng nh tuyt,

c nn thnh dng vin v c tn thng mi l nc kh.

CO2 rt d ha tan trong nc. y l c tnh v l yu t quan trng trong

nghnh sn xut nc gii kht. nhit 150C, mt th tch nc hp th
c mt th tch CO2.
1.2

NH NGHA BO HA CO2:

Bo ha CO2 l qu trnh np CO2 vo trong nc gii kht n mt gi tr

nng nht nh ty theo yu cu cng ngh.
1.3

BN CHT CA QU TRNH BO HA CO2:

S ha tan ca CO2 trong nc hoc syrup thnh phm l mt qu trnh hp

th, trong CO2 l cht c hp th. Qu trnh ny s ph thuc vo kh
nng tng tc gia CO2 vi nc hoc syrup thnh phm.

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 9

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

Theo l thuyt v mng th ti b mt hai pha kh v lng lun tn ti hai lp

mng k st nhau: mt lp mng bao gm cc phn t kh v lp mng cn li
l nhng phn t lng. Hai lp mng kh - lng ny s to nn mt tr lc nht
nh v nh hng n kh nng dch chuyn ca cc phn t kh t pha kh
vo pha lng v ngc li. S dch chuyn ca cc phn t kh qua hai lp
mng kh lng ni trn s xy ra theo nguyn tc khuch tn. (Kalunhans v
cng s).
Tuy nhin, khi tin hnh bo ha CO2 cho cc sn phm nc gii kht th
mt phn kh CO2 s tng tc ha hc vi cc phn t nc to sn phm l
acid carbonic. Acid ny c th thy phn to ra cc ion nh carbonate v
bicarbonate.
1.4

CC YU T NH HNG N BO HA CO2:

ha tan ca mt kh bt k trong mt cht lng s ph thuc vo nhiu

yu t nh: bn cht ha hc ca cht kh v cht lng, p sut ring phn ca
cht kh trn cht lng, nhit ca h. Trong s , yu t quan trng nht
l nhit v p sut. Trong cng ngh sn xut nc gii kht ngi ta s iu
khin 2 yu t trn trong qu trnh bo ha CO2 cho sn phm.

1.4.1 Nhit :
S hp th CO2 s t l nghch vi nhit . Cng vi mt p sut, nhit
cng thp hay nc cng lnh th hp th cng nhiu CO2. Chng hn, cng
p sut khng kh, nhit 21,10C mt th tch nc hp th c 0,85 th
tch CO2. nhit 100C nc s hp th c 1,19 th tch CO2. nhit
trn 210C phi cn mt p sut cao bo ha CO2 s bo ha ny khng bn
hay cn gi l bo ha gi nh, s lin kt ca nc v CO2 s km hn.
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 10

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

Trong cng ngh sn xut nc gii kht pha ch, qu trnh bo ha CO2 cho
sn phm thng c thc hin 1 2 0C.

1.4.2 p sut:
Hm lng CO2 hp th c t l thun vi p sut , ti nhit 15,60C,
p sut kh quyn, nc s hp th mt th tch CO2, nu trong mt bnh kn,
khi tng p sut ln 4 ln, nc s hp th c 4 th tch CO2.
Khi ta cho mt hn hp bao gm nhiu loi kh khc nhau vo trong mt
cht lng th nng mi loi kh trong dung dch s ph thuc vo p sut
ring phn v ha tan ca n. Nh vy, s c mt ca khng kh trong nc
hoc trong kh CO2 nguyn liu khng nhng lm gim ha tan.

1.4.3 Cc yu t khc:
Cc yu t khc nh hng n s bo ha CO2 trong sn phm:

Nng cht ha tan trong nc c nh hng ln n mc

bo ha CO2 trong cht lng. a s cc cht in gii c bit l cc

mui to cng lm gim ha tan ca CO2.

1.5

Din tch tip xc gia nc v CO2.

Nc cha nhiu khng kh, tp cht.

Chai ra khng sch.

Siro cn nng, nhiu bt.

p sut ca CO2 cung cp cho my khng n nh.

X L CO2 CHO QU TRNH BO HA:

CO2 thu c t phn ng ln men hay t phn ng t chy thng vn

cn c mt s tp cht nh du, cc kh khc nh O2, SO2, .... v cc mi, v
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 11

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

l..., cc tp cht ny s nh hng n qu trnh bo ha CO2 v cht lng

ca sn phm. Do , CO2 phi c x l trc khi a vo sn xut.
Kh CO2 c i qua cc bnh cha nc, cc dung dch thuc tm KMnO4
v carbonate natri (nng 6g/L) loi b cc tp cht. Ti y, dung dch
KMnO4 c s dng nh mt tc nhn ra CO2 nhm tch mt s tp cht
nh aldehyt, ru...Sau , kh CO2 c chuyn ti thp tch nc. Qu
trnh tch nc c thc hin theo phng php ly tm. Tip theo, kh CO2
qua b phn lc i vo my nn kh ba cp.
Ti my nn kh, u tin CO2 s vo b phn nn kh cp mt v c nn
p n p sut 0,785 MPa; k n, kh CO2 s i vo thit b trao i nhit ri
n thit b tch du. Tip theo, CO2 s i vo b phn nn kh cp hai v c
nn n p sut 2,36 2,75 MPa. Ri b phn CO2 s c lm ngui trong
thit b trao i nhit v c tch du trong trong thit b. Cui cng, CO2
c dn vo b phn nn kh cp ba n p sut 6,38 6,87 MPa ri c lm
ngui trong thit b trao i nhit v tch du trong thit b.
Ri my nn kh cp ba, CO2 s i vo thp c cha than hot tnh. Ti y,
than s tch cc tp cht cn st li trong dng kh CO2. Sau , kh CO2 s i
vo thp c cha silicagel tch phn hi nc cn st li. giai on sau
cng, kh CO2 s i vo thit b ngng t, c lm lnh v chuyn sang dng
lng. p sut 6,38 6,87 MPa; CO2 lng t thit b ngng t s qua van tit
lu vi p sut 2,36 2,75 MPa i vo bn trung gian. T y, CO2 s qua
van tit lu i vo bn cha sn phm.

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 12

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

CHNG II: QU TRNH BO HA CO2

2.1 CC PHNG PHP BO HA CO2:
2.1.1 Phng php Postmix:
Trong cc thit b thuc th h c, siro tng hp s c ong lng vo
trong chai theo s lng c quy nh, sau nc c bo ha CO2 s
c rt vo chai sn phm s c trn u trc khi a vo kho.
u im:

Qu trnh bo ha CO2 ca nc s c thc hin d dng hn

cho sn phm.

Thit b n gin hn nn u t ban u cng t tn km hn.

Nhc im:

S lng siro trong cc chai sn phm kh kim sot, t dn

n cc sn phm khng ng u.

Vic ha trn siro trong cc chai sn phm kh hon ho, i

khi b sot, nh hng n cht lng ca sn phm.

Vic kim tra cht lng sn phm phc tp hn.

Khng kinh t v sn phm khng ng u.

2.1.2 Phng php premix:

khc phc cc im trn, gip cho sn phm thun li v sn phm c
ng nht hn, ngi ta dng phng php premix, theo siro c t ng
ha trn theo t l quy nh v c bo ha CO2 sau .

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 13

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

S thit b:
Cc thit b hin nay u p dng phng php premix theo quy trnh sau:

Nc sn xut (A)

My bi kh

Siro T.H (B)

Bm nh lng

Ha trn siro (AB)

Bo ha CO2
(ABC)

Lm lnh

My chit

2.2 THIT B BO HA CO2:

Cc thit b bo ha CO2 gm c: my bi kh, my ha trn siro, my lnh,
my bo ha CO2.

2.2.1 My bi kh:
Nc thng cha mt lng khng kh (kh O2) khong 8g/L, lng kh
ny s gy tr ngi cho vic bo ha CO 2. cho s bo ha CO2 t c kt
qu tt (gip kh CO2 s d c hp th, bo ha vng bn, v tit kim
CO2). My bi kh l mt bnh cha cc mnh s, khi nc chy vo bnh, chy
qu cc mnh s, nc s c phn tn nh, kh O2 s nh bay ln v nm
phn trn bnh v s c bm ht ra ngoi, nc ra khi bnh khng cn
khng kh s c bm n my ha trn siro.
Nguyn tc hot ng ca my:
Bm 1 s bm nc vo my bi kh, nc s phun vo lp cc con s bng
s, khi chy ln li qua cc con s, kh O2 ca nc s thot ln trn v c
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 14

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

bm s 2 ht ra ngoi, phn nc khng cn O2 s chy xung y bn v c

bm s 3 dn n my ha trn.
Tc dng ca my:
Tit kim CO2 trong qu trnh bo ha.
Gip cho phn ng bo ha c bn vng, tng cht lng sn

phm.

Ct b mi trng pht trin ca vi sinh vt.

2.2.2 My ha trn siro:

My ha trn siro hay my
nh lng s t ng iu
chnh, ha trn siro theo t l
mong mun ca nh sn xut.
Vic ha trn ny gip cho
sn phm c ng nht,
khng b tr ngi trong qu
trnh chit sn phm, do c s
chnh lch nhit gia nc
v siro (s gy x, tro).
Kim sot lu lng ph tr trong sn xut nc ngt (nh my NGK)

2.2.3 My lnh:
Nh chng ta bit, nc lnh s hp th CO2 d hn, khi nhit ca
nc tng ln th p sut lm vic ca my bo ha phi tng t cng
bo ha CO2. Ta bit l: s bo ha CO2 p sut v nhit cao s khng bn
v khi ra khi my, p sut trong chai gim xung th CO 2 s nhanh chng tch
khi dung dch. Ngoi ra khi chit sn phm nhit cao s c hin tng
tro sn phm v nng sut ca my s b gim.
Li ch ca my lnh:
Sn phm s ng u hn v bo ha CO2.
Tit kim: cng mt hm lng CO2 bo ha, p sut CO2 s thp
hn khi nhit ca nc thp hn, do CO2 s t b tht thot hn
my chit v my ng np.
Gim c vic iu chnh CO2 ti my bo ha CO2, siro pha
long (nc ngt cha c CO2) s c lm lnh trong my.

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 15

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

My lnh gm c my nn lnh, my gii nhit, v bn p lnh. Mi cht

lm lnh l NH3 hay freon c cha trong cc v lnh.
Siro pha long t my ha trn c bm qua bn p lnh, ti y siro pha
long s c chy thnh lp mng bn ngoi cc tm v lnh v tch t dn
y bn. Hot ng bo ha ti u khi nhit nc t 1,70C 40C.
Mt lng kh CO2 s c cung cp trong bn nc lnh to mt p sut.
lng CO2 ny cng y lng ny O2 cn st li trong nc ngt, giai on
ny c gi l tin bo ha. Mt h thng phao to tn hiu t ng iu khin
lng nc cung cp cho my lnh c kt hp vi hot ng ca my ha
trn siro cng my bo ha v my chit h thng thit b c hot ng
lin tc.
2.2.4 My bo ha CO2:
Ta bit rng lng CO2 nc hp th c ty thuc vo nhit ca nc
v p sut ca CO2. Tc hp th s ty thuc vo mc tip xc gia nc
v CO2. vic bo ha CO2 c nhanh v hon ho th b mt tip xc gia
CO2 v nc phi ln.
2.2.4.1 Bi kh nc nguyn liu v phi trn nc vi syrup thnh phm
trc, sau tin bo ha CO2:

S h thng bo ha CO2 trong sn xut nc gii kht c gas

1 Thit b bi kh
2,3 Thit b bo ha CO2
4 Bm chn khng
5 Thit b cha nc c bi kh
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

7 Bn trung gian cha nc

8 Bn cha syrup
9 Bm nh lng
10 Thit b phi trn
TRANG 16

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

6 Bm nc

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

11 Bm, 12 Bn cha sn phm

Nguyn tc hot ng ca h thng nh sau:

Nc sau qu trnh x l c a vo thit b bi kh (1), qu trnh bi kh
c thc hin bng cch phun nc dng ht nh trong mi trng chn
khng c to ra nh bm chn khng (4). Phn nc c bi kh s i
vo bn (5) v c bm (6) a qua bn trung gian (7). T y, nc v syrup
thnh phm trong bn (8) s c bm nh lng (9) a vo thit b phi trn
(10). T l th tch ca nc v syrup thnh phm cn c tnh ton sao cho
hn hp sao qu trnh phi trn s t cc ch tiu ha l v cm quan theo ng
yu cu cho mi loi sn phm nc gii kht. Sn phm t bn (10) c a
vo thit b (2) v phun thnh dng ht nh bo ha CO2 s b. K tip, sn
phm s c bm (11) a vo thit b (3) tip tc bo ha CO 2. Thit b
(2) v (3) c cu to tng t nh nhau. Kh CO2 c np vo thit b (2) v
(3). Cui cng sn phm c cha trong bn (12) di p lc CO 2 chun b
a sang thit b rt vo chai hoc lon.
2.2.4.2 My bo ha CO2 c hai loi: l dng mng mng v dng phun.

Bo ha dng mng: nc s c chy qua cc tm bng hay

chy nh git xung b mt khng u.

Bo ha dng phun: nc s c phun sng thnh ht nh

hay bng cc cnh khuy.

Nguyn tc hot ng ca thit b:

Nc ngt t my lnh s c bm n my bo ha, lu lng nc phi

c iu chnh n nh. Mc nc trong my bo ha c kim sot bi
phao hoc cc in cc iu khin hot ng ca bm, gi mc nc
CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 17

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

trong bn bo ha thch hp. Nc c bm vo nh ca bn bo ha, phun

sng hoc chy qua cc tm bng xung y bn. Trong qu trnh chy nc
s hp th CO2 c cung cp vo bn vi p sut cn c t c bo
ha CO2 ca sn phm. Nc ngt c bo ha CO2 y bn s c bm qua
my chit.
Trong qu trnh bo ha CO2, thnh thong ta l phi m valve x kh
trong bn bo ha ra ngoi v lc bt u sn xut. CO2 trong sn phm s b
tht thot ti my chit v t my chit n my ng np, v vy hm lng
CO2 bo ha trong bn bo ha trong bn bo ha phi cao hn trong sn phm
khong 1 1.2 V.
Trong qu trnh ng chai nc gii kht, c rt nhiu ng dng hot ng
da trn s hin th n nh/ chnh xc ca lu lng cht lng/ kh. iu ny
bao gm cc cng on nh
np kh CO2 vo cc chai, dng
qu trnh chit nc thnh
phm vo cc chai, hoc ngng
qu trnh gii nhit hoc lm
lnh sn phm. Rle lu lng
c lp t ti v tr ph hp
trn dy chuyn nhm kim
sot lu lng hoc mc cht
lng, m bo rng dy chuyn
c lm vic vi hiu sut ti
a.

Kim sot lu lng nc ng chai

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 18

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

2.3 CC NGUYN NHN NH HNG XU N KT QU BO

HA CO2:

Vt l trong bn bo ha (du m, cn bn..)

Cng tc bo tr, bo dng thit b km.

Dung tch bn bo ha qu nh so vi my chit.

ng ng dn gas qu nh.

Gas CO2 nng, .

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 19

CNG NGH SN XUT NC GII KHT

GVHD: PHAN TH HNG LIN

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. PGS.TS L VN VIT MN - CNG NGH SN XUT CC SN

PHM T SA V THC UNG TP 2 CNG NGH SN

XUT THC UNG.

2. B MN THC PHM BI GING CNG NGH SN XUT

NC GII KHT

T trang web:
1.http://www.google.com/imgres?
imgurl=http://www.hiendaihoa.com/files/automation/201001/anh5(2).gif&imgrefurl

CHUYN : BO HA CO2

TRANG 20