NG DNG PHN MM PLAXIS NGHIN CU NG X CNG TRNH P TRN T YU KHU TH MI PH M HNG NAM SI GN.

Thi V Quc Dng1) , Tr Thanh Phng2)

1)

Hc vin Cao hc Chuyn ngnh a K thut Xy dng - Trng i hc Bch khoa TPHCM 2) Khoa K Thut Xy Dng - Trng i hc Bch khoa TPHCM BN TM TT

Trong nhng nm gn y, phng php phn t hu hn c pht trin mnh trong ngnh m phng cng trnh. Trong bi vit ny, s dng chng trnh Plaxis (version 7.2) gii cc bi ton: gia ti tng t ca cng trnh ng p bng ct, gia ti tng t kt hp vi vi a k thut v gia ti tng t kt hp vi h thng rnh ct trong mi trng t yu khu th mi Ph M Hng-Nam Si Gn. Ch xt qu trnh tnh ln s cp. Khng xt nh hng ln do t bin. ABSTRACT In recent years, the finite element method has been developed greatly to model in geotechnical engineering. In this paper, applied Plaxis (version 7.2) program to carry out practical problems such as staged construction of sand embankment, staged construction combine with geotextiles to reinforce embankment and staged construction together with sand trenches to improve below-ground subsoil in new urban area of Phu My Hung-South Sai Gon. Considering primary consolidation settlement without any creep effects. 1.Gii thiu Khu vc Nam Si Gn c cu trc a tng kh phc tp. Tng t bn st (c kt thng) mu xm xanh, trng thi chy c b dy ln, dao ng trong khong 2m n 16m, trong lp bn st cn c nhng lp thu knh ct xen kp, khng lin tc. Mc nc ngm su 2m tnh t mt t. Do , khi xy dng cng trnh cn c nhng bin php thch hp x l, ci to nn t khu vc ny. 2. a cht khu vc Nam Si Gn 3. M hnh phn t hu hn ca cng trnh p trn t yu 3.1 M hnh bi ton gia ti tng t Trong bi vit ny, trnh by cng trnh ng p bng ct c b rng y ng l 38m, b rng mt ng l 30m, mi dc taluy l 1:2. Chiu cao p l 2m. bn di cng trnh p l lp t bn st xm xanh trng thi chy. Bn di l lp st khng thm. y l bi ton phng, s dng phn t tam gic c 15 nt . Gia ti tng t tc l p t tng lp mt, mi lp dy 0,5m. Sau khi p lp 1,
WP (%) 45,5 C (kN/m2) 8,6 (0) 6,85 Eoed (kN/m2) 570 kx=ky (m/ngy) 4.10-4 Cc Cs

Bng 1: a cht khu vc Nam Si Gn

Lp t bn st mu xm trng thi chy Cao trnh (m) 0 -16 sat (kN/m3) 14,7 W (%) 89,59 WL (%) 74,5

0,957

0,147

cho nn c kt n nh mi p lp 2, tun t nh th p lp 3, lp 4 v lp b ln (lp 5).

406

Chiu cao ca cng trnh p cao 2m. Mi t p cao 0,5m. Do , tt c c 4 t

Nn t di cng trnh p c tnh theo m hnh vt liu: Soft Soil model.

Hnh 1: M hnh nn v t p c m hnh ha bng li phn t v cc im kho st A,B,C,D,E,F,H

p. Sau mi t p th thi gian c kt ln lt l 30 ngy, 60 ngy, 90 ngy, 120 ngy. So snh kt qu tnh. i vi t cui cng tnh thi gian c kt cho trng hp p lc l rng bng 1kN/m2. Sau mi qu trnh tnh c kt cn phi cp nht li h li (updated mesh). 3.2 M hnh cho bi ton gia ti tng t kt hp vi rnh ct Rnh ct c m phng c b rng b nh sau: 20cm, 30cm, 40cm v 50cm. Chiu di L ca rnh ct thay i nh sau: 2m, 4m, 6m v 8m. H li ca phn t c th hin trong hnh 2. Trong bi ton ny, sau khi tin hnh thay ct trong rnh, cn phi tnh ton ng sut ban u phng ng v ngang theo trng hp gravity loading ch khng phi tnh

Bng 2: Cc thng s cho m hnh Soft Soil

Lp t Bn st * 0,123 * 0,042 C (kN/m2) 8,6 (0) 6,85 (0) 0 ur 0,15

M hnh ny gm 6 thng s c bn: dc ca ng nn *, dc ca ng

Bng 3: Cc thng s cho vt liu p
Vt liu Ct trung Eoed (kN/m2) 15000 0,30 C (kN/m2) 1 (0) 28 (0) 0

n * trong h ta (lnp,v), lc dnh hu hiu C, gc ma st hu hiu , gc gin n , h s Poisson cho trng hp cht ti d ti ur Chn m hnh Mohr Coulomb cho t p l ct, c tnh cht nh Bng 3.

Hnh 2: M hnh phn t ca bi ton gia ti tng t kt hp v rnh ct

theo K0NC nh phng php thng thng. Vt liu rnh ct cng loi vi vt liu lm t p v c kx=ky=0,5m/ngy 4. M hnh vt liu v nhng thng s gii bi ton

5 Kt qu ca qu trnh phn tch 5.1 nh hng ca m hnh i vi thi gian c kt v qu trnh ln trong bi ton gia ti tng t ln ti cc v tr A, B, C nm trn ng trc ca cng trnh p (hnh 1) s gim

407

dn khi cc im cng xa mt t (hnh 3). p lc nc l rng thng d s tng theo su (hnh 5)

5.2 nh hng ca thi gian c kt mi t p i vi qu trnh ln trong bi ton gia ti tng t

Hnh 3: ln Uy theo thi gian ti cc v tr A, B, C trng hp chiu cao mi t p 50cm (p 4 t) v thi gian c kt mi t 90 ngy

Hnh 4: Chuyn v ngang Ux theo thi gian ti cc v tr D, E, F trng hp chiu cao mi t p 50cm (p 4 t) v thi gian c kt mi t 90 ngy

Hnh 5: Quan h p lc nc l rng thng d v thi gian ti cc v tr A, B, C trng hp chiu cao mi t p 50cm (p 4 t) v thi gian c kt mi t 90 ngy

408

Khi gim thi gian c kt mi t p th ln c kt cui mi t p s gim nhng khng ng k (hnh 6). Do p tng t trong khong thi gian ngn s c li hn v thi gian thi cng. p lc nc l rng thng d tng khng ng k khi gim thi gian c kt ca tng t p (hnh 7)

ln theo thi gian t l thun vi chiu di ca rnh ct trong giai on p tng t (hnh 8). Thi gian c kt cui cng gim nu chiu di ca rnh ct tng (hnh 9). Do , rnh ct lm tng nhanh qu trnh c kt v rt ngn thi gian c kt ca nn t yu

Hnh 6: ln theo thi gian c kt trong mi t p ti v tr A trng hp chiu cao mi t p 50cm

Hnh 7: p lc nc l rng thng d theo thi gian trong mi t p ti v tr B trng hp chiu cao mi t p 50cm

5.3 nh hng chiu di, b rng v khong cch ca rnh ct i vi qu trnh ln trong bi ton gia ti tng t kt hp vi rnh ct 5.3.1 nh hng ca chiu di L ca rnh ct Khi cho b rng b rnh ct v khong cch D gia 2 rnh ct khng thay i gi tr m ch tng chiu di L ca rnh ct. Tc

5.3.2 nh hng ca b rng b ca rnh ct Khi tng b rng b rnh ct th ln c kt s gim trong qu trnh p tng t v sau khi p (hnh 10, 11). Do , rnh ct c tc dng gia c nn t yu 5.3.3 nh hng ca khong cch D gia 2 rnh ct

409

Hnh 8: Quan h gia thi gian ln ti im A trng hp chiu di rnh ct thay i trong khong thi gian p tng t (b rng rnh ct b=50cm v khong cch rnh ct D=1,5m)

Hnh 9: Quan h gia thi gian ln ti im A trng hp chiu di rnh ct thay i (b rng rnh ct b=50cm v khong cch rnh ct D=1,5m)

Hnh 10: Quan h gia thi gian ln ti im A trng hp b rng rnh ct thay i trong giai on p tng t (chiu di rnh ct L=8m v khong cch rnh ct D=1,5m)

Khi cho b rng b rnh ct v chiu di L rnh ct khng thay i gi tr m ch tng khong cch D ca rnh ct th ln trong giai on p tng t hu nh khng thay i nhiu. Nhng li tng dn sau khi kt thc giai on p (hnh 12).

5.4 nh hng ca vi a k thut i vi chuyn v ngang cng trnh p cng trnh thnh 8 t kt hp vi vi a k thut cho mi t p (khong cch gia 2 lp vi a k thut l: 25cm). Thi gian

410

c kt mi t p l 45 ngy. Khi sc chu ko ca vi a k thut tng ln th chuyn v ngang ti im H (hnh 1) s gim. Khi khng dng vi a k thut v dng vi c sc chu

5.5 Phn tch tnh n nh ca cng trnh p Khi vi a k thut c sc chu ko tng th h s an ton (FS) ca tng t p

Hnh 11: Quan h gia thi gian ln ti im A trng hp b rng rnh ct thay i trong giai on sau khi p (chiu di rnh ct L=8m v khong cch rnh ct D=1,5m)

Hnh 12: Quan h gia thi gian ln ti im A trng hp khong cch D ca rnh ct thay i trong giai on sau khi p (b rng rnh ct b=50cm v chiu di rnh ct L=8m)

ko tng t 14kN/m (vi cun trevira spunbond-1112-loi vi: khng dt), 160kN/m (vi cun nicolon-1250 (nhm HP)-loi vi: dt), 335kN/m (vi cun nicolon-1900 (nhm HS)-loi vi: dt) th chuyn v ngang Ux s gim tng ng nh hnh 13. Khi chiu dy mi t p c kt hp vi a k thut tng th chuyn v ngang ln nht ti im H cng tng (hnh 14) Do , p tng t c kt hp vi a k thut c chiu dy cng nh th chuyn v ngang ca mi dc cng nh

hay ca ton cng trnh hu nh tng (bng 4). 5.6 So snh 2 trng hp gia ti tng t v gia ti tng t kt hp vi rnh ct ln ca trng hp gia ti tng t kt hp vi rnh ct ln hn trng hp gia ti khng kt hp vi rnh ct (hnh 15). Thi gian c kt cui cng ca trng hp dng rnh ct nh hn khng dng rnh ct (hnh 16).

411

Bng 4: Quan h gia h s an ton cng trnh v sc chu ko ca vi a k thut trng hp chiu dy mi t p 50cm v thi gian c kt mi t p 90 ngy Khng c vi a k thut FS ca t p th 1 FS ca t p th 2 FS ca t p th 3 FS ca t p th 4 FS ca ton cng trnh 3.32 2.27 1.92 1.68 1.70 Vi c sc chu ko 14kN/m (vi cun trevira spunbond1112) 3.75 2.37 2.75 2.00 2.31 Vi c sc chu ko 160kN/m (vi cun nicolon-1250 (nhom HP)) 3.83 3.62 2.45 1.99 2.38 Vi c sc chu ko 335kN/m (vi cun nicolon-1900 (nhom HS)) 4.92 3.54 2.60 2.13 2.44

Hnh 13: Chuyn v ngang Ux ti im H trong trng hp khong cch gia cc lp vi a k thut 25cm v vi c sc chu ko thay i

Hnh 14: Chuyn v ngang Ux ta im H trong trng hp khong cch gia 2 lp vi a k thut ln lt: 25cm, 50cm, 100cm (s dng vi c sc chu ko 14kN/m)

6. Kt lun Cng trnh p trn nn t yu c thc hin trn chng trnh Plaxis thng qua vic nghin cu m hnh nn soft soil v ln, chuyn v ngang, thi gian c kt, p

lc nc trong l rng. Nhng kt lun c rt ra: - Rnh ct xem nh vt liu thot nc thng ng lm tng nhanh qu trnh c kt ca nn. - Khi chiu di rnh ct tng ln th ln c kt tng trong mi t p. Thi gian c kt cui cng cng gim.

412

Hnh 15: Quan h gia thi gian v ln ti im A trong trng hp khng dng rnh ct v dng rnh ct trong giai on thi cng mi t v thi gian c kt mi t p 90 ngy

Hnh 16: Quan h gia thi gian- ln ti im A trong trng hp khng dng rnh ct v dng rnh ct

- Khi tng b rng rnh ct th ln c kt gim trong mi t p : Rnh ct c tc dng gia c nn t yu. - So snh gia c v khng c rnh ct (H.16) nhn thy thi gian c kt v ln ca hai trng hp khng chnh lch nhiu, do kinh t c th chn phng n khng rnh ct. - So snh gia c dng vi a k thut v khng dng vi (H.13) v h s an ton (bng 4) nhn thy khng dng vi, cng trnh vn t an ton cho php. - So snh ln sau mi t p 30, 60 ngy (H.6) v p lc l rng thng d (H.7) nhn thy rng rt ngn thi gian thi cng, chn mi t p 50cm v thi gian c kt 30 ngy l hp l.

TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Bauduin C.M., De Vos M., Vermeer P.A., Back analysis of staged embankment failure: the case study Streefkerk 2. Bergado, Chai, Muira v Balasubramaniam, PVD improvement of soft Bangkok clay 3. Bi c Hp, ng dng vi v li a k thut trong xy dng cng trnh 4. Vermeer P.A., The Vaasa trial embankment, bulletin no. 7,8,9

413