Thiet Ke Duong GTNT

D n Giao thng Nng thn 3
Ti liu o to - Thit k ng GTNT

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Mc lc
KHI QUT................................................................................................................... 3
D5-1
CC TIU CHUN THIT K NG HIN HNH CA VIT NAM .. 5
1.1 Gii thiu............................................................................................................ 5

1.2 Tiu chun thit k ng TCVN 4054 85 v p dng trong thit k ng
GTNT .......................................................................................................................... 5
1.2.1
La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k ...................................................... 5
1.2.2
Tiu chun k thut hnh hc tuyn .......................................................... 6
1.2.3
Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng ....................................... 10
1.2.4
Tiu chun k thut nn ng ............................................................... 12
1.2.5
Tiu chun k thut mt ng ............................................................... 14
1.3 Tiu chun thit k ng GTNT 22 TCN 210-92, cc tn ti v yu cu sa

i p dng trong thit k ng GTNT ............................................................ 14
1.3.1
La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k .................................................... 14
1.3.2
Tiu chun k thut nn ng ............................................................... 15
1.3.3
Tiu chun k thut mt ng ............................................................... 17
1.3.4
Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng ....................................... 20
1.3.5
Cc tn ti ca 22 TCN 210-92 v yu cu sa i p dng trong thit
k ng GTNT ............................................................................................................ 22
1.4 Ch dn k thut cho cng tc thit k trong d n GTNT3 ............................ 24
1.4.1
Cc cn c la chn quy m - tiu chun thit k .............................. 24
1.4.2
Quy m - tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn ..................... 26
1.4.3
Ch dn thit k hnh hc ng trong D n ......................................... 27
1.4.4
Ch dn thit k nn ng trong D n ................................................. 35
1.4.5
Ch dn thit k mt ng trong D n ................................................ 36
1.4.6
Ch dn thit k cc cng trnh trn ng trong D n ......................... 38
D5-2
CC GIAI ON THIT K NG ...................................................... 41
1.5 Gii thiu.......................................................................................................... 41

1.6 Cc giai on thit k ng theo Lut Xy Dng v cc Lut, Ngh nh c
lin quan.................................................................................................................... 41
1.6.1
Cc Lut v Ngh nh c p dng:..................................................... 41
1.6.2
Cc ni dung c bn ca cc giai on thit k ...................................... 41
1.7 Cc giai on thit k ng trong d n GTNT 3 ......................................... 42

1.7.1
Chu trnh chun b v thc hin d n hng nm .................................... 42
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Son ging : Ks. L Hng
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1.7.2
Trnh t trin khai .................................................................................... 43
1.7.3
La chn u t ....................................................................................... 46
1.7.4
Ni dung lp d n u t cc tiu d n (cc tuyn ng) ................. 49
1.7.5
Thit k c s .......................................................................................... 51
1.7.6
Thit k bn v thi cng .......................................................................... 53
D5-3
CNG TC THIT K TRONG D N GIAO THNG NNG THN 3 58
3.1 Gii thiu.......................................................................................................... 58

3.2 Tnh hung 1 : Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an ton ng b
trong vng trung du .................................................................................................. 58
3.3 Tnh hung 2 : Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an ton ng b
trong vng ni ........................................................................................................... 64
3.4 Tnh hung 3 : Thit k kt cu mt ng cng ........................................... 69
3.5 Tnh hung 4 : Thit k h thng thot nc dc ........................................... 71
3.6 Tnh hung 5 : Thit k cng thot nc ........................................................ 77
D5-4 THIT K NG GTNT THEO QUAN IM TI U HA MI
TRNG ...................................................................................................................... 80
4.1 Gii thiu.......................................................................................................... 80
4.2 Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b v Thit k ti u ....................... 80
4.2.1
Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b ............................................ 80
4.2.2
Khi nim v thit k ti u mi trng ................................................. 82
4.3 Thit k tuyn trong ng GTNT theo quan im ti u ho mi trng .... 82

4.3.1
Sng lc mi trng cc tuyn ng a vo k hoch nm ............... 82
4.3.2
Th tc sng lc ban u v mi trng ................................................. 83
4.4 La chn kt cu mt ng theo quan im ti u ho mi trng .............. 83

4.4.1
Cc vn ch cht................................................................................. 83
4.4.2
Quy trnh la chn loi mt ng ......................................................... 86
4.4.3
Tnh ton v tng hp d liu ................................................................. 90
4.4.4
M hnh la chn cc loi mt ng ..................................................... 99
PH LC 1 - TRCH DN LUT S 16/2003/QH11 - LUT XY DNG ....... 105

PH LC 2 - TRCH DN NGH NH S 12/2009/N-CP- NGH NH V QUN L
D N XY DNG CNG TRNH .................................................................................. 110
PH LC 3 - TRCH DN LUT S 38/2009/QH12 - LUT SA I, B SUNG MT
S IU CA CC LUT LIN QUAN N XY DNG C BN ............................ 119
PH LC 4 - TRCH DN TH TC SNG LC MI TRNG TRONG D N
GTNT3 .................................................................................................................................. 121
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KHI QUT
Mc tiu
Kha hc cung cp cc k nng v kin thc cn thit lp cc phng n
v thc hin cc ni dung thit k ng GTNT trong d n GTNT 3 ni ring
v trong thit k cc tuyn ng GTNT ni chung.
Mc ch
Sau khi hon thnh kha hc, hc vin c kh nng:
Hiu c tnh hnh thit k trong D n GTNT3; cc tn ti v bi hc
kinh nghim.
Hiu v cc tiu chun thit k ng GTNT hin hnh; cc kh khn
trong vic p dng v cc bi hc kinh nghim.
S dng cc tiu chun thit k cho ng GTNT.
C nhn thc v vn thit k ng b ti u ha mi trng.
Gii thiu
Kha hc ny l mt trong 15 kha hc s c o to ca D n GTNT3 v
c coi l mt phn ca D n. Chng trnh kha hc s c ging dy bi cc
ging vin thuc 6 c s o to ca B giao thng vn ti, i tng c o to l
cc Ban QLDA thuc cc S GTVT tnh, S GTVT cc tnh, T vn a phng tham
gia D n GTNT3. D kin kha hc s c o to 12 lt cp tnh vi 297 lt
hc vin. Thi gian ca kho hc l 3 ngy vi 24 tit.
Ni dung chnh
Kha hc ch trng n cc lnh vc o to c th vi cc tiu chnh sau
D5-1
Cc tiu chun thit k -ng hin hnh ca Vit Nam
D5- 2
Cc giai on thit k -ng
D5- 3
Cng tc thit k trong D n GTNT 3
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D5- 4
Thit k -ng GTNT theo quan im ti -u ho mi tr-ng
Ch chnh
Thi
Cc ni dung
gian
Cc tiu chun
1. Tiu chun thit k ng TCVN-4054-1985 v p dng trong
thit k ng
thit k ng GTNT.
hin hnh ca
2. Tiu chun thit k ng GTNT 22TCN 210-92, cc tn ti 4 tit
Vit Nam
v cc yu cu sa i p dng trong thit k ng GTNT.

3. Ch dn k thut cho cng tc thit k trong D n GTNT3.
1. Thit k c s
Cc giai on
2. Thit k k thut
thit k ng
3. Thit k bn v thi cng
4 tit
Cc tnh hung nghin cu

- Tnh hung 1 Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an
ton ng b trong vng ng bng v qua khu dn c.
Cng tc thit
ton ng b trong vng trung du.
k trong D n
GTNT3
ton ng b trong vng a hnh ni kh.
8 tit
- Tnh hung 4 Thit k kt cu mt ng mm.

- Tnh hung 5 Thit k kt cu mt ng cng.
- Tnh hung 6 Thit k h thng thot nc dc.
- Tnh hung 7 Thit k cng thot nc.
- Tnh hung 8 Thit k cu.
Thit k ng
1. Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b v Thit k ti u.
GTNT theo
2. Thit k tuyn trong ng GTNT theo quan im ti u ho
quan im ti
u ha mi
trng.
mi trng.
8 tit
3. La chn kt cu mt ng theo quan im ti u ha mi

trng.
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D5-1
CC TIU CHUN THIT K NG

HIN HNH CA VIT NAM
Mc ch
Kt thc phn o to, hc vin c th :

Hiu bit v cc tiu chun thit k ng GTNT hin hnh; cc kh khn
trong vic p dng v cc bi hc kinh nghim.
Bit la chn tiu chun k thut p dng v vn dng c cc ni dung
thit k ng GTNT cho ph hp vi iu kin c th ca tng on
tuyn.
Gii thiu
1.1
Phn o to ny s gii thiu chung v cc tiu chun thit k ng GTNT

ang c p dng. Qua nh gi mc ph hp ca tng tiu chun, tm ra cc
tn ti trong cc tiu chun khi p dng. Cui cng s a ra ch dn k thut cho
cng tc thit k trong D n GTNT3 v phn ch dn ny c xem nh Tiu chun
thit k ng GTNT trong D n GTNT3.
Tiu chun thit k ng TCVN 4054 85 v p dng trong

thit k ng GTNT
1.2
1.2.1 La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k
Tuyn ng c u t xy dng trong d n GTNT 3 c xem nh l mt

thnh phn trong mng li ng giao thng a phng, khng nn xem l c bt c
s khc nhau no so vi nhng tuyn khc trong mng li. Tiu chun k thut,
Phng php thit k c tham kho da trn nhng Quy trnh, Quy phm, Tiu
chun v Hng dn c B GTVT ph duyt.
Cn c vo nhim v ca tuyn ng, lu lng xe chy, quy hoch, quy m
cp hng mng li ng trong khu vc l : ng huyn, ng t trung tm x
n trung tm huyn , ng lin x.
Trong d n GTNT3 , ng giao thng nng thn chn cp ng thit k
l cp VI theo TCVN 4054 -85 .
ng giao thng nng thn trong d n GTNT 3 s dng tiu chun TCVN
4054 85 m khng s dng TCVN 4054 -05 vi cc l do sau :
-
D n GTNT 3 c trin khai trc khi TCVN 4054 - 05 c ph duyt v

ban hnh.
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Quy m ng cp VI TCVN 4054 05 ln hn nhiu so vi TCVN 4054 85 do nu thay i tiu chun s nh hng kh nng ti chnh cung cp cho
cc tuyn ng giao thng nng thn trong d n ( tham kho TCVN 4054
05).
Theo TCVN 4054 85 , ng cp VI c cc tiu chun k thut hnh hc ch yu

sau :
STT
Bng 1 - Cc yu t hnh hc ca tuyn ng

a hnh
Cc yu t hnh hc ca tuyn ng n v
ng
Ni
bng
kh
Tc tnh ton
Km/h
25
15
S ln xe
ln
Chiu rng nn ng
6.0
6.0
Chiu rng mt ng
3.5
3.5
Chiu rng l ng
2x1.25
2x1.25
Dc ngang mt ng
2- 4
2- 4
Dc ngang l ng
3-5
3-5
B/K ng cong nm nh nht
25(15)
15(10)
dc siu cao ln nht
10
dc dc ln nht
10(12)
11
B/K ng cong ng li nh nht
600
50
12
B/K ng cong ng lm nh nht
150
40
13
Tm nhn mt chiu
20
10
14
Tm nhn hai chiu
40
20
1.2.2 Tiu chun k thut hnh hc tuyn
1. Bnh tuyn
- Quy nh v ng cong nm
+ Bn knh ng cong nm nh nht c quy nh bng 1.
+ nhng v tr c gc chuyn hng nh hn 30 khng cn phi thit k ng
cong.
+ Mt ng trn ng thng v ng cong c bn knh ln hn bn knh quy
nh trong bng 8 TCVN 4054-85 c thit k theo kiu mt ct ngang hai mi.
Trn ng cong c bn knh quy nh bng 8 phi thit k mt ng theo kiu
mt ct ngang mt mi ( dc siu cao) nhm bo m an ton cho xe t chy
vi vn tc cao nht tng ng vi cp ng la chn.
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+ Chiu di on thng v on cong trn mt bng khng nn chnh lch nhau qu

3 ln . Cn trnh b tr ng cong nm ngn gia cc on thng di hoc on
thng ngn gia cc ng cong nm di. Bn knh 2 ng cong k gip nhau
khng c chnh nhau hn 1,3 ln.
- Quy nh siu cao v on ni siu cao trong ng cong :
+ dc siu cao khng c nh hn dc ngang mt ng hai mi tip gip
vi ng cong.
+ dc siu cao trn ng cong quay ra pha vc ( vng a hnh ni ) nn hn
ch n 4% nhm nng cao an ton giao thng.
+ dc siu cao c quy nh trong bng 8 - TCVN 4054 - 85 :
dc siu cao ng vi theo bn knh ng cong nm
Tc tnh ton : t 25 km/h tr xung
Bn knh ng cong (m)
dc siu cao (%)
200 60
50
40
T 30 tr xung
+Vic chuyn t mt ct ngang hai mi (trn ng thng) sang mt ct ngang mt

mi (trong ng cong) c thc hin trn on ni siu cao. Chiu di on ni
c b tr mt na trn ng thng, mt na trn ng cong.
+ Chiu di ti thiu on ni siu cao c quy nh trong bng 11 TCVN 4054
85 :
Chiu di on ni siu cao ng vi theo bn knh ng cong nm
Tc tnh ton : 25 km/h
Bn knh ng cong (m)
200 70
60
Chiu di
on ni siu cao (m)
10
15
50
40
30
20
25
30
25
20
25
20
15
15
+ dc siu cao trn ng cong c thc hin nh sau :
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Quay mt ng pha ngoi ca mt ct ngang hai mi quanh tim ng cho

n khi t c mt ct ngang mt mi c nghing bng dc ngang ca
mt ct ngang hai mi.
Chuyn sang quay quanh trc mp trong ca mt ng cha m rng thm
cho n khi t c dc siu cao quy nh.
+ dc ngang ca l ng trn on chuyn t mt ct ngang hai mi sang mt
ct ngang mt mi ly thng nht vi nghing ca mt ng.
- Quy nh m rng v on ni m rng :
+ Nhng ng cong c bn knh nh phi m rng thm mt ng v pha bng
ng cong.
+ m rng c t trn din tch l ng , nhng phi m bo phn l ng
cn li khng nh hn 1,0m. Trng hp khng t yu cu trn th phi m rng
thm nn ng tng ng n m rng thm mt ng.
+ Chiu rng m thm tu theo tc tnh ton v bn knh ng cong quy nh
trong bng 9 TCVN 4054 85 :
m rng phn xe chy mt ln xe trong ng cong nm
Tc tnh ton : t 25 km/h tr xung
m rng (m)
Bn knh ng cong (m)
400 150
0.2
130 90
0.3
80 70
0.4
60 50
0.5
40
0.6
30
0.8
25
0.9
20
1.1
15
1.5
+ Cn thc hin vut ni m rng theo t l vi khong cch tnh t u ng
vut ni n t c m rng ton phn cui ng vut ni. Trong trng
hp vi tc tnh ton t 25 km/h tr xung, on ni m rng c b tr
trng vi on ni siu cao.
+ on a hnh kh khn hoc ng c lm li th c php b tr mt phn
chiu rng m thm v pha lng ng cong, mt phn v pha bng ng
cong.
- Quy nh tm nhn trong ng cong :
+ Chiu di tm nhn tnh ton theo iu kin lm vic ca mt ngi li xe gi nh
cao 1,2m trn mt ng ( v tr ca t ng ln ngoi cng pha
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+ Chiu di tm nhn tnh ton trn ng cong nm c quy nh bng 1. Khi

thit k tm nhn, ni chung dng tm nhn hai chiu.
2. Mt ct dc
Khi thit k mt ct dc i vi mi cp ng phi qun trit nguyn tc chung l
khi iu kin a hnh cho php nn dng cc ch tiu k thut cao nhm pht huy tc
xe chy, bo m an ton, thot nc tin li, nng cao cht lng khai thc vn
doanh, ng thi bo m d dng nng cp ng sau ny.
- Quy nh dc dc :
+ dc dc ln nht c quy nh trong bng 1. i vi on ng a hnh
ni kh khn cho php tng thm dc dc ln nht ln 1 n 2% so vi quy nh
nu iu hp l v kinh t k thut.
+ Nhng on ng khi c nhiu xe p , xe th s th dc dc khng nn ln
hn 4%.
+ ng a hnh ni kh c dc dc ln hn 6% ko di th c 2000m phi b
tr mt on thoi c dc dc khng qu 2,5% v chiu di khng ngn hn
50m.
+ m bo thot nc mt tt v khng phi lm rnh dc qu su, nn trnh thit
k dc dc tuyn bng 0%. dc dc nh nht ca rnh bng 0,5% trng hp c
bit c th l 0,3%.
+ dc dc ln nht trn nhng ch on dc c bn knh ng cong nh hn
50m phi trit gim so vi dc dc ln nht quy nh. Tr s dc dc trit
gim quy nh trong bng 12 TCVN 4054 85 :
Tr s trit gim dc dc trong ng cong nm
Bn knh ng cong (m)
50 - 35
30
25
20
15
Tr s gim bt dc dc (%)
1.5
2.5
- Quy nh ng cong ng :
+ Phi thit k ng cong ng nhng ch ng i dc m hiu s i s
gia hai dc ln hn 2%.
+ ng cong ng thit k theo cung trn hay cung parabn bc hai. Tr s bn
knh nh nht ng cong ng quy nh bng 1 ch nn dng trong trng
hp lm gim c nhiu khi lng t p nn ng dn ti gim gi thnh xy
dng.
3. Mt ct ngang
Mt ct ngang tuyn c thit k vi quy m nh sau :
- B rng mt ng : Bmt = 3.5 m ( 1 ln xe).
- B rng l ng : Bl = 2x1.25 m
- B rng nn ng : Bnn = 6.0 m.
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- dc ngang ca mt ng tu theo loi vt liu lm lp mt c quy nh

trong bng 7 TCVN 4054-85 :
dc ngang
Loi lp mt
(%)
t thin nhin , t n nh bng vt liu ht cng cp phi ct,
si cui dm , x qung khng c cht lin kt.
si , dm hay vt liu khc c x l cht dnh kt nha.
B tng nha, b tng xi mng.
34
3
2
- dc ngang l ng ni chung ly ln hn dc ngang mt ng. Tu

theo kiu gia c l ng c th p dng cc dc ngang nh sau :
+ L t ( c trng v khng trng c ) : 6%.
+ L gia c bng si, dm : 4 5 %.
+ L gia c bng vt liu dnh kt : 3 4%.
1.2.3 Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng
1. H thng thot nc dc
- Thit k tit din rnh dc tu thuc vo iu kin a cht, a hnh, iu kin kh
tng v cn c vo tnh ton thu lc m quyt nh. Mi dc ngoi ca rnh c th
ly t 1: 0 n 1 : 4 i vi nn v t 1 : 1,5 n 1 : 4 i vi nn t.
- nhng on dc rnh ln hn tr s dc gy xi t lng rnh phi cn c
vo tc nc chy v mc gy xi thit k gia c rnh cho thch hp ( lt
, xy , xy rnh b tng...). Chiu cao cn gia c mi dc phi cao hn mc
nc tnh ton l 10cm.
- nhng ch tuyn ng ct ngang qua sn ni rng, nc chy trn trn mt
ng tng i nhiu c th gy ra mt n nh cho mi dc nn ng th cn phi
thit k rnh nh. V tr rnh nh phi cch mp mi dc nn o t nht l 5m hoc
cch chn taluy l 2m. Rnh nh phi dn nc v v tr cng trnh thot nc ngang
( cu, cng) hoc khe sui; khng c cho nc rnh nh chy vo rnh dc.
2. Cu, cng
- Cc loi cu , cng trn ng t phi thit k theo cc quy phm thit k cu cng
xy dng trn ng t.
- Cng xy dng di nn ng p, trong mi trng hp khng k cp ng u
phi lm di bng chiu rng nn ng. t p trn cng v m ln ca n
phi ging nh t p v m ln trn on nn ng ni tip vi cng.
- Kch thc hnh dng v dng tng quan ca cc c trng mt ct ngang cu khng
c khc bit nhiu vi on ng ni tip vi cu. Cc yu t mt bng, mt ct
dc ca cu phi chn thng nht vi ch tiu v mt bng, mt ct dc ca ng.
- Mt ng trn cu lm dc v hai pha kiu ct ngang hai mi nu cu nm trn
ng thng , lm dc nghing v mt pha ( kiu ct ngang mt mi) nu cu nm
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trong ng cong. Tr s dc ngang v nghing ly thng nht vi dc ngang ca

ng.
- Kh cu trn ng cp VI l 4m. Trng hp cc ng c my nng nghip
qua li th kh cu phi l 4,5m . Cu nm trong ng cong th kh cu phi cong
thm chiu rng m thm.
- Cu nh ( di t 8m tr xung ) th chiu rng mt cu lm bng chiu rng nn
ng.
- V tr xy dng cu nn chn ni t cc yu cu sau :
+ Chiu su ngp v phm vi ngp nc trn bi ng vi mc nc tnh ton l nh
nht.
+ Lng sng thng, n nh, phn ln lu lng nc chy theo lng ch.
+ Hng nc chy ma cn v ma l gn song song vi nhau. Vic xy dng cu
khng gy ra ngp (mt lng) ng k t trng trt, lm h hng h thng cng
trnh thy li c.
- Trn cc ng t cp VI, nu trong ma ma l c php ngng thng xe th c
th xy dng ng trn hay ng ngm trong cc trng hp sau:
+ Qua bi sng rng, bng phng, bnh thng nc cn.
+ Qua dng nc chy chm theo hnh qut
+ Qua dng nc ma l em theo nhiu vt tri ln
+ Qua a hnh lm chn ni, nc chy qua t.
- su nc ngp ln nht, xe c php i qua trn ng trn, ng ngm khng
c ln hn cc tr s quy nh trong bng 23- Tiu chun TCVN 4054 - 85.
Tc nc chy (m/s)
< 1,5
1,5 2,0
> 2,0
su nc ngp ln nht (m)

0,4 0,5
0,4
0,2 0,3
- Mt ng ngm, ng trn phi lt bng tm b tng hay to khng b nc lm

tri. dc mi nn ng pha thng lu ly bng 1:2 , pha h lu ly bng 1:3
n 1:2. B mt mi dc phi lt bng c ng knh ln. Chn mi dc pha h
lu phi lm chng xi.
- Hai u ng trn, ng ngm phi cm bin bo hiu v ghi mc nc hn ch
c php thng xe.
- Ti cc v tr ng trn, ng ngm phi cm cc tiu v t thit b o mc nc
ngp n ngi li xe c th thy c.
3. Cng trnh m bo an ton giao thng
- Phi b tr cc cng trnh hng dn gia thng trn dc ng ngi li xe tip
nhn c mt cch y , tin li ,d dng nht nhm nng cao iu kin an ton
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giao thng. Hnh dng v quy cch cc loi bin bo, kch thc, mu sc cc vch
phn ln xe v cc tn hiu hng dn giao thng phi tun theo cc quy nh hin
hnh.
1.2.4 Tiu chun k thut nn ng
- Khi thit k phi m bo nn ng n nh v kch thc hnh hc v kh nng

chu lc vi mi iu kin bin i v kh hu , thu vn.
- Vic chn kt cu nn ng , ngoi cc quy nh v mt ct ngang theo cp ng
cn phi cn c vo loi mt ng, c im a cht, iu kin t nhin ca khu
vc.
- Chiu cao ca nn ng p phi m bo sao cho chiu dy tn cao k t mc
nc ngm tnh ton v mc nc mt ng thng xuyn hai bn ng , hoc t
mt t t nhin khu vc a hnh m t n y mt ng khng nh hn tr s
quy nh trong bng 16 TCVN 4054-85
Loi t
Chiu cao ti thiu k t mc

nc ngm tnh ton ( hay mt
nc ng thng xuyn) v t
mt t t nhin khu vc a
hnh m t n y mt ng.
- Ct va, ct nh , ct pha st nh
0,5 (0,3)
- Ct bt , ct pha st nng
0,7 ( 0,4)
- Ct pha st bt , st pha ct bt
1,2-1,8 (0,5)
- St pha ct , st pha ct nng, st bo, st bt.
1,0 - 1,2 (0,4)
Ch thch :
+ Nc ng thng xuyn trn mt t qu 20 ngy coi l nc ng thng
xuyn.
+ Mc nc ngm tnh ton l mc nc ngm iu tra vo ma ma.
+ Trng hp khng th thit k chiu cao quy nh phi thit k tng cch nc
hoc h mc nc ngm. Chiu cao trn mc nc ngm c h thp ly ln
hn 25% so vi tr s ghi trong bng.
+ Tr s trong ngoc l chiu cao trn mt t m t hoc mc nc ngp t hn 20
ngy ; tr s ngoi ngoc l chiu cao trn mc nc ng lu ngy hoc mc
nc ngm.
- cao mp nn ng p on c cu nh v cng phi cao hn mc nc tnh
ton ( c xt n mc nc dnh) t nht l 50 cm.
- Tn sut l thit k cao nn ng p nhng on c cu nh, cng ly 4%.
- Khi thit k nn ng p trn sn dc c dc ln hn 1:5 th nn d kin cc
bin php ngn nga hin tng trt nn ng theo sn dc v hin tng xi
nn ng do nc chy t trn sn ni xung.
______________________________________________________________________
- 12 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- dc ca taluy nn p phi m bo cho mi dc c n nh. dc ln nht

ca taluy nn p khng c vt qu cc tr s quy nh bng 17 TCVN 4054
85 :
dc ln nht ca mi dc vi chiu cao
ng p (m)
Loi t
6
12
1. Cc loi phong ho
1: 1 1:1,3
1: 1,3 1:1,5
1: 1,5
3 1,5
phn trn ( cao 6m)
1 : 1,5
2. tng khi ( tng ln) , dm

(cui) ; sn( si) ; ct ln si v ct
to, ct va x qung.
1: 1,5
3. Ct nh v ct bt t st v ct
pha cc dng hong th.
1: 1,75 (+)
phn di ( ti 6m)
1: 1,75 (+)
1: 2 (++)
1: 1,75 (+)
Ch thch :
(+) l ng vi t bt nhng vng m t v ct nh ht u.
(++) nn ng p bng .
- Trong trng hp khng th thit k c mi dc theo dc cn thit th phi thit
k tng chn, tng bao.
- dc ln nht ca taluy nn o khng c vt qu cc tr s quy nh bng
18 TCVN 4054 85
Loi t
1. cng :
- Phong ho nh (nt n).
- D b phong ho, khng b mm ho.
2. Cc loi b phong ho mnh , ho mm.
3. ri rc.
4. t ct, t loi st ng nht trng thi
cng, na cng v do cht.
Chiu cao ca
mi dc ng
o (m)
dc ln nht
ca mi dc
16
16
6
12
12
1 : 0,2
1 : 0,5 - 1 : 1,5
1:1
1 : 1 - 1 : 1,5
1 : 1,5
- Thit k nn ng trong nhng trng hp cn thit phi xt ti cc bin php gia

c mi dc gi n nh cho mi dc v nn ng.
- Vic chn bin php gia c ph thuc vo tnh cht c l ca t mi dc, chiu
cao nn p, chiu su nn o, th nm ca t mi dc, iu kin kh hu,
______________________________________________________________________
- 13 -

___________________________________________________________________________
thu vn v ngun vt liu dng gia c. Chiu cao gia c mi dc b ngp nc

phi cao hn mc nc ngp tnh ton ( c xt c chiu cao sng chm).
1.2.5 Tiu chun k thut mt ng
- Vic la chn loi lp mt v kt cu mt ng phi xut pht t yu cu v khai

thc v cp k thut ca tuyn ng thit k ( trong c xt ti thnh phn v lu
lng cc phng tin vn ti ), iu kin kh hu, thu vn, a cht, kh nng cung
cp vt liu xy dng.
- Phng php thit k mt ng, ti trng trc quy nh tnh chiu dy kt cu
mt ng c thc hin theo quy trnh thit k mt ng ca B GTVT ban
hnh.
1.3
Tiu chun thit k ng GTNT 22 TCN 210-92, cc tn ti v

yu cu sa i p dng trong thit k ng GTNT
1.3.1 La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k
Cn c vo yu cu quy hoch mng li ng giao thng nng thn ca a phng

v chc nng ca tuyn ng la chn tiu chun k thut cho tuyn thit k:
- ng ni t huyn n x v lin x l nhng ng c xe c gii qua li thng
xuyn hoc c tm quan trng huyn x i hi c yu cu cht lng cao nn khi
thit k phi theo tiu chun k thut ng vi ng cp VI trong tiu chun TCVN
4054 85 - ng t - yu cu thit k ( nu mc 2.2.1). Khuyn khch cc
a phng khi c iu kin u t th nn lm ng c tiu chun k thut cao.
- Nhng ng cn li bao gm ng t x xung thn, lin thn v t thn ra
cnh ng (khu vc sn xut) th c chia ra lm 2 loi ng A v B.
+ ng loi A l ng ch yu phc v cho cc phng tin giao thng c gii
loi trung, ti trng trc thit k cng trnh trn ng l 6T/trc.
+ ng loi B l ng phc v cho cc phng tin giao thng th s (xe sc vt
ko hoc xe c gii nh) c ti trng trc tiu chun thit k l 2,5T/trc v ti
trng kim ton l 1T/trc bnh st.
Xy dng ng giao thng nng thn ch yu da vo nhu cu giao thng ca tng
giai on la chn loi ng cho ph hp vi kh nng u t v nhu cu khai
thc ca a phng. Vi cc cng trnh trn ng nh cu, cng th c gng u t
xy dng vnh cu.
H s lun chng kinh t k thut v h s thit k k thut phi c cp c thm
quyn duyt do y ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph quy nh.
- Cc quy nh tiu chun k thut ca ng nng thn y c xc nh trn c
s m bo cc phng tin giao thng c gii hot ng an ton vi tc hn ch
V= 10 15km/h tu theo loi ng thch hp vi vn u t v kh nng lm vic
ca ng.
- Cc ch tiu k thut c phn theo loi ng loi A v B nh sau (Bng 2-2
22TCN 210 92)
______________________________________________________________________
- 14 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Loi
ng
B rng
nn (m)
B rng mt
(m)
Bn knh
ti thiu
(m)
dc
dc ti a
(%)
Chiu di
dc ti a
(m)
5,0 (4,0)*
3,5 (3,0)*
15
10
300
4,0 (3,5)*
3,0 (2,5)*
10
200 **
Ghi ch:
* S ghi trong ngoc l tr s ti thiu trong iu kin kh khn hoc trong bc
u phn k xy dng.
** ng loi B ch yu dnh cho xe th s nn chiu di v dc phi c tr
s thch hp (khng nn qu ln).
- i vi ng nng thn vng ni ch khng thit k on c dc dc ti a
di trnh cho sc vt mau mt mi.
- Nu v iu kin a hnh cheo leo phi lm dc ti a th c gng ch nn lm tng
on ngn.
- V m rng ng cong, m bo tm nhn: ty theo nn ng rng hay hp, bn
knh ng cong ln hay nh, c hay khng c chng ngi vt m quyt nh m
rng hay khng v pha bng ng cong.
- Trng hp m rng nn ng theo quy nh sau (Bng 2-4 22TCN-210-92)
B rng nn
Bn knh
B rng m thm
Loi ng
(m)
(m)
(m)
A
> 15
Khng cn m rng
10
1,0
Ghi ch: Trng hp nn ng 5m v bn knh ln hn 15m, tuy khng cn

m rng thm nhng phi dn quang cc chng ngi vt v pha bng ng
cong nhm d quan st trong phm vi 15m.
1.3.2 Tiu chun k thut nn ng
1. Nn ng p
- Chiu cao nn p phi m bo mp ca nn ng cao hn mc nc ng thng
xuyn t nht 50cm i vi nn p t st v 30cm i vi nn p t ct (mc
nc ng thng xuyn l khi nc ng qu 20 ngy).
- Nn p trn sn dc thin nhin c dc ln hn 20% th trc khi p phi
nh cp sn dc. Trong mi trng hp, nn p trn sn dc phi lm rnh
thot nc chy t trn cao xung.
______________________________________________________________________
- 15 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- Mi dc ca nn p ph thuc vo loi t p nn c thoi nh sau:

Loi t p nn
Tr s mi dc
t st
1:1,5
t ct
1:1,75
Xp
1;0,5 1:0,75
- Ngoi ra phi trng c trn mi dc p bng t chng xi, bo v nn ng.

2. Nn ng khng o, khng p
i vi nn khng o khng p hay ng i trn nn thin nhin (ng trn i,
vng trung du) th phi lm rnh thot nc mt hai bn ng.
3. Nn ng o
Nn ng o thng c hai dng mt ct ngang l nn o hnh U hoc nn o hnh
L. Tu theo loi t m dc mi o c tr s quy nh nh sau:
t nn o
Tr s mi dc
t st
1:0,75 1:1
t mm
1:0,5 1:0,75
cng
1:0,25 1:0,5
4. Thot nc nn ng
i vi ng nng thn, mt ng d thm nc v nn ng t c m nn tt,
v vy thot nhanh nc ma, nn ng ni chung phi c rnh dc hai bn v
h thng rnh phi tho mn cc iu kin:
- Nn mt ng phi c dc ngang v hai pha, tr s dc ny bng 4%.
- dc ca rnh dc ti thiu phi bng 1%.
Rnh dc c th l hnh thang hoc hnh tam gic:
- Nu nn l cng th rnh dc hnh tam gic vi chiu cao ti thiu 30cm.
______________________________________________________________________
- 16 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- Nu nn l mm hoc t th rnh dc c dng hnh thang c y rng ti thiu 30cm,

cao 20cm, dc mi rnh 1:1.
-
1.3.3 Tiu chun k thut mt ng
- Mt ng phi cng , bng phng. Mun vy mt ng phi c

xy dng trn nn t c m cht v n nh. Vt liu dng lm mt ng
phi cng, chu c tc dng ca nc v s thay i nhit .
- Nn tn dng cc loi vt liu sn c ca a phng lm mt ng nhm gim
gi thnh xy dng.
- Tt c cc loi mt ng giao thng nng thn gii thiu di y u c dc
ngang v hai pha nh sau: Phn mt ng 4%; phn l ng 5%.
- Trong ng cong nu phi m rng nn ng th mt ng cng phi m rng
tng ng v nn c dc nghing v pha bng
- Cc loi mt ng thng c s dng cho ng loi A v loi B:
Phm vi s dng
T.T
Loi mt ng
ng loi A
ng loi B
1
B tng xi mng mc 150-200
2
dm lng nha
3
dm kp va xi mng
4
lt
5
dm, cp phi dm, thi
6
t, si ong gia c vi
Ct si sn gia c xi mng
7
Si ong
8
Ct si
9
Gch v, t nung, x l cao
10
t ct
- Chiu dy ti thiu ca cc loi mt ng trn:

______________________________________________________________________
- 17 -

___________________________________________________________________________
T.T
Loi mt ng
B dy ti thiu, cm
ng loi A
ng loi B
B tng xi mng mc thp
16cm (trn mng

ct dy 10cm)
dm lng nha
12
dm kp va xi mng
15
lt
20
12
dm, cp phi dm, thi
12
10
Si sn trn:
6% xi mng mc 400*
8% xi mng mc 300*
Ct trn 8% xi mng mc 400*
15
15
15
12
12
12
Si ong +8% vi
t st 6-10% vi
15
15
12
12
Ct si, si ong
20
15
Gch v, t nung, x l cao
15
10
t + ct
Ct + t
20
- Mt s loi kt cu mt ng hay dng i vi ng giao thng nng thn :

1. Mt ng b tng xi mng
- BTXM mc 150 tr ln
- Ct m nn cht, bng phng
- Nn m cht v n nh
2. Mt ng dm lng nha
- Nha 3 kg/m2
- dm cng, sc cnh, khng b mm
khi ngm nc, sch
- Nn m cht v n nh
______________________________________________________________________
- 18 -

___________________________________________________________________________
3. Mt ng dm kp va
- : Yu cu nh cht lng mt ng
dm lng nha trn
- Va ct xi mng mc 100
- Nn: m nn cht, n nh
4. Mt ng lt
- cng vng thnh sc cnh, b mt

vin o tng i bng phng
- Chiu dy vin ty theo tng trng
hp c th, lt khan hoc cht mch va
ct xi mng mc 100 tr ln
- Ct m to phng loi ct th
- Nn o m cht n nh
5. dm ( cp phi, thi)
- yu cu nh mt ng dm lng
nha, nhng cho php c ln t t.
- Nn yu cu nha trn
6. Ct, si sn trn xi mng

- Si cng, sch. Ct sch cc loi
- Xi mng mc 300 tr ln
- Khng dng nc mn, khng dng
nc bn
- Nn yu cu nh trn
7. Si ong trn vi, t st trn vi
- Si ong loi gi mu nu sm, t c hn
bp v c bng tay
- Vi t nung, v s bin nung, san h
nung thnh dng bt
- Nn yu cu nh trn
______________________________________________________________________
- 19 -

___________________________________________________________________________
8. Ct si, si ong
- Ct si: cn pha trn thm 10% t dnh

- Si ong: yu cu nh kt cu s 7 trn
- Nn yu cu nh trn
9. Gch v, t nung, x l cao
10. t dnh trn ct
- t dnh trn ct: 70% t + 30% ct

- Ct trn t dnh: 70% ct + 30% t
dnh
1.3.4 Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng
1. Cu
- Cc cu trn ng cn s dng cc loi vt liu a phng cho ph hp vi k
thut nhn dn lm, ngoi ra cn s dng cc loi thp hnh hay b tng ct thp.
- Cho php p dng cc thit k in hnh thng thng khi xy dng cu trn ng
giao thng nng thn.
- Ti trng cu cng : Tu theo tnh hnh c th ca a phng, cn c vo loi
ng, phn hai loi ti trng thit k nh sau:
+ ng loi A: on xe c gii (ly on xe t lm tiu chun, cc xe i hng
mt, xe t quy nh nng 8T, trong on xe c mt xe gia trng 10,4T)
+ ng loi B: on xe th s (Cc xe i hng mt, ti trng trc ln nht l 2,5T)
______________________________________________________________________
- 20 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Khi thit k cu vi 2 loi ti trng trn cn phi kim ton vi on ngi di ng vi

ti trng ri u trn ton b mt cu l 300 kg/m2
- Kh cu : ng loi A c kh cu 3,5m; ng loi B c kh cu rng 2,5m; g
chn bnh cao t nht 0,3m.
Chiu cao tnh khng cu khng nh hn 3,5m i vi ng loi A; khng nh hn
3m i vi ng loi B.
- B rng v chiu cao thng thuyn di cu : Tr cc sng c phn cp, b
rng thng thuyn ti thiu 6m ; chiu cao thng thuyn ti thiu 1,5m (mc nc
thng thuyn cn c vo mc nc s dng thng xuyn trong nm).
2. Cng
- Cng thng thng dng loi cng trn b tng ct thp c ng knh trong 0,5m;
0,75m v 1,0m. Ngoi ra cn p dng cc loi cng sau: cng vm xy, cng vm
gch xy, cng bn b tng ct thp khu 0,5m 1,0m.
- i vi cng trn b tng ct thp:
+ Tng u nn dng kiu tng thng sau ny m rng c thun li, tng
u dng b tng ximng mc 100 hoc xy bng hc, gch nung va ximng
mc 100.
+ ng cng bng b tng ct thp mc 200, ct thp loi CT3 hoc CT5, chiu di
mi t cng bng 1,0m.
- Mng cng ty theo iu kin a cht, thu vn v chiu cao t p m chn kiu
mng cho hp l.
- iu kin chn loi mng cng:
iu kin p dng
Loi
mng
Kiu nn v mng
Chiu
cao nn
t p
Ghi ch
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.10
1.35
1.60
Khi mc nc
ngm ln th nn
dng mng cng
loi III
Cng xy trn nn
phong ha
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.10
1.35
1.60
t nn l t st,
st pha, ct ht nh,
vng kh ro th
0.50
0.75
1.10
1.35
iu kin a cht
ng
knh ng
cng (m)
CNG KHNG XY MNG
t nn l si cui,
ct cht (tr ct bi),
t st cng c
cng tnh ton >
25KG/cm2, t cng
trn mc nc ngm
t nht 0.36 m
II
Khi nn p ln
hn tr s trong
bng th nn
dng mng cng
loi III
______________________________________________________________________
- 21 -

___________________________________________________________________________
phi dng mt lp
m dy 30 cm bng
dm, cui ct th
hoc ct va. Nn
t khng thot
nc dng lp m
dy 30 cm m cht
bng hn hp
dm, ct st hoc ct
pha
1.00
1.60
CNG C XY MNG
Cng xy trn nn
phong ha mnh
III
Tt c cc loi t
st, t ct c cng
tnh ton di
mng cng t yu
cu
0.50
0.75
1.00
>1.10
>1.35
>1.60
Khi ng sut
tnh ton di
mng ln hn
cng tnh
ton ca t nn
th phi gia c
nn chng ln
3. Tng chn
- Tng chn c s dng gim bt khi lng o p trong trng hp nn p
trn sn ni dc hoc nn o.
- Tng chn cao di 4m cho php dng xp khan, trng hp ln hn 4m phi
xy . Tng chn xy m bo b rng nh ti thiu l 0,6m. Khi thit k
tng chn th c tng on t 10m n 15m phi mt khe co dn.
4. Cc cng trnh khc
- ng ngm, ng trn v cu trn: p dng khi iu kin giao thng cho php
gin on tm thi. Tiu chun c quy nh v kch thc v b su nc ti a trn
mt ngm, ng trn v cu trn.
- Nn ng thm: Dng thay th cho cu, cng nh v p dng nhng ni c nhiu
vt liu , khng nn p dng khi dng chy c nhiu bn st.
- Bn ph: khi tuyn i qua sng su, rng m cha c iu kin lm cu th dng ph,
tiu chun cng quy nh v v tr v kch thc ch yu ca bn ph.
- Cc cng trnh phng h: Cc tiu, bin bo, tng phng h. Tiu chun quy nh
v v tr v kch thc ca cc cng trnh phng h.
1.3.5 Cc tn ti ca 22 TCN 210-92 v yu cu sa i p dng trong thit
k ng GTNT
Nhn chung tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn 22 TCN 210-92 cp
n cc vn c bn ca ng giao thng nng thn loi A v loi B nh: La
chn quy m - k thut ca ng , tiu chun k thut nn ng , mt ng, h
thng thot nc, thit k nt giao v cc cng trnh trn ng. Tuy nhin v mt ni
______________________________________________________________________
- 22 -

___________________________________________________________________________
dung ca mt tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn th cn phi c nhng b
sung v iu chnh.
Vi tnh cht l thit k ng giao thng nng thn loi A v loi B th ni dung
khng cn nhiu nhng cn tnh c th phi th hin c cc ni dung c th
thit k tuyn v cc cng trnh trn tuyn, nu c th th dng cc thit k in hnh
cho ph hp. V vy vic cn c vo cc s liu iu tra kho st l rt quan trng.
Thng thng vn u t cho mt tuyn ng giao thng nng thn l khng ln, v
vy qu trnh thit k cng phi i km vi s nhn nhn v vic thi cng sau ny cho
ph hp. Qu trnh thit k phi c cn c ch yu vo cc iu kin c th mi
a phng, cc iu kin ny phi bao hm c cc yu t t nhin, x hi, phong
tc tp qun, iu kin sn xut, xu th pht trin, mi trng, vt liu, cng ngh k
thut hin c vng min.
Vi nhng nh hng trn, tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn 22TCN
210-92 cn phi sa i, b sung mt s ni dung di y:
1. Quy nh v ti trng thit k khng cn ph hp vi ng giao thng nng thn
hin nay. V d nh, loi ng loi A,B vi trong tiu chun quy nh ti trng trc
thit k 6T v 2,5T. Hin nay nhiu lng x huyn xut khu hng nng sn, hng
th cng m ngh, cc ti trng trc quy nh khng cn ph hp. Nhiu xe ti trung
bnh v thm ch ti nng ang tr nn ph bin (13T, 18T, 20T). Xe chuyn ch go,
c ph,thy hi sn. Khi la chn cp ng v ti trng trc thit k, chng ta phi
cn nhc t l pht trin giao thng sau khi hon thnh thi cng cng trnh. Nu khng,
lng giao thng thc t trn ng s vt qu cc thng s thit k, tuyn ng s
b h hi nhanh chng.
2. thit k cc yu t k thut hnh hc ng cng cn phi quan tm n cc loi
xe hot ng trn ng (kh xe thit k), nu khng quan tm n loi xe s hot
ng trn ng th rt c th trong cc trng hp hn ch v a hnh, xe ln s
khng th lu thng c.
3. 22 TCN 210-92 a ra cc ch tiu k thut i vi ng loi A v loi B nh:
b rng nn ng, b rng mt ng, bn knh cong ti thiu, dc dc ln nht
v chiu di dc dc ln nht ng vi dc dc ln nht, tuy nhin cn phi quy nh
v chiu di ca cc on c dc dc nh hn dc dc ln nht, ngoi ra cn
phi quy nh v vic s dng ng cong ng ti cc v tr i dc.
4. 22 TCN 210-92 a ra phng n pht quang cc chng ngi vt pha bng
ng cong m bo tm nhn trong phm vi 15m l cha , c th l ng giao
thng nng thn hn ch tc thp t 10km/h n 15km/h nhng trong trng hp
a hnh min ni, ng cong m ni th cn phi bo m tm nhn, khi ny nu s
dng bn knh ti thiu l 15m i vi ng loi A th 22TCN 210-92 li cha quy
nh v b rng cn phi m thm. Hn na tiu chun cng cha ni n iu kin
tnh ton v bo m tm nhn (v d nh tm mt ngi li, v tr qu o xe chy,
chiu di tm nhn cn m bo, chiu cao ca cc chng ngi vt cn d b).
5. V tiu chun k thut nn ng cn phi b sung cc phng n gia c mi ng
trong mt s trng hp. Ngoi ra cn sa i v kch thc ca rnh dc hnh thang
v c th cn iu chnh quy nh v dc dc ti thiu ca rnh dc.
______________________________________________________________________
- 23 -

___________________________________________________________________________
6. V tiu chun k thut mt ng, vic thit k tn dng vt liu sn c a

phng l cn thit, tuy nhin vic la chn loi vt liu lm mt ng v cc
phng n v chiu dy kt cu cng cn phi xem xt iu chnh theo hng hiu qu
v chi ph v mi trng, ng thi phi c cch nhn nhn v vn nng cp sau
ny. Ngoi ra vic quy nh chung v dc ngang ca tt c cc loi mt ng bng
4% l cha hp l, ng thi tiu chun cng cha cp v vic thit k siu cao
trong ng cong c bn knh nh.
7. i vi cc cng trnh trn ng nn thay i li d liu u vo nh: ti trng cu
cng, tn sut l thit k cho ph hp vi iu kin hin ti.
1.4
Ch dn k thut cho cng tc thit k trong d n GTNT3

S thit k ng giao thng nng thn
- c im a hnh t nhin
- Kh nng phc v ca
tuyn -ng
- Quy hoch mng l-i -ng

trong khu vc
- L-u l-ng giao thng

thit k
- Kh nng ti
chnh ca d n
La chn
Quy m - tiu chun thit k
Thit k
hnh hc tuyn
Bnh
tuyn
Mt ct dc
Thit k
nn -ng
Mt ct ngang
H thng
Thit k
mt -ng
Cu , cng
thot n-c dc
Thit k
cng trnh trn -ng
H thng thit b
an ton -ng b
Cng trnh
chng
1.4.1 Cc cn c la chn quy m - tiu chun thit k
1. Kh nng phc v ca tuyn ng

Mc tiu xut cho d n Giao thng nng thn v kh nng i li l phi to ra c cc tuyn ng c kh nng lu thng xe c quanh nm. nh gi tiu ch
, Trong d n GTNT 2 cung cp khi nim ng tip cn c bn.
______________________________________________________________________
- 24 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- ng tip cn c bn ( ng huyn ) l ng c kh nng lu thng quanh nm

cho xe c ng c ( xe 4 bnh) t trung tm x n trung tm huyn ( trung tm
huyn gn nht hoc trung tm hnh chnh m x trc thuc).
- Cc trung tm x c mt tuyn ng i li quanh nm trong phm vi 1 Km tnh t
trung tm x c coi nh c ng giao thng c bn ( ng x). Cc x c
mt tuyn ng thu m thuyn b i li c, phc v vng trung tm x cng
c coi nh c ng giao thng c bn. ( Khng xt cc ng giao thng c
bn c chiu di nh hn 1 km).
- Trong trng hp c hai ng tr ln ni t trung tm x n trung tm huyn th
tuyn c chi ph nng cp ci to thp hn s c chn lm ng giao thng c
bn.
* i vi tuyn ng c xy dng trong d n GTNT 3 , La chn tiu chun k
thut cho d n tip tc cho vic ci to nng cp ng giao thng c bn cho
nhng tuyn ng x cha c xy dng c s tip cn c bn , nhng ch
yu l nng cp ng x trong h thng giao thng a phng.
2. Quy hoch mng li ng trong khu vc
Khi la chn quy m cp ng thit k cn xem xt tuyn ng trn bn quy
hoch mng li ng a phng nhn bit v v tr v chc nng ca
tuyn ng thit k l : ng huyn, ng x , ng thn, ng ra cnh
ng......
3. c im a hnh t nhin
c im a hnh t nhin ca khu vc xy dng ng giao thng nng thn nh
hng trc tip ti vic kho st thit k la chn quy m cp hng ng. V c
bn c th chia ra lm 2 loi a hnh c bn sau :
- a hnh ng bng v i thp : c dc sn t nhin khu vc < 10% ( ng
bng v <25% ( i).
- a hnh min ni : c dc sn t nhin khu vc > 25%.
4. Lu lng giao thng thit k
- Lu lng giao thng d tnh trong nm thit k tng lai quyt nh n vic la
chn quy m mt ct ngang v kt cu mt ng khi thit k.
- Thi gian thit k trong tt c cc trng hp l 10 nm. Khong thi gian ny c th
thay i tu thuc vo k hoch giao thng ca a phng. Trong mt s trng
hp lu lng giao thng hin ti ca tuyn l rt thp do hin trng mt ng rt
xu khng c xe c i li , mt s trng hp khc khi nguyn tc u t phn k
c xut th thi gian thit k c th ngn hn 10 nm ( c th 2-5 nm). Thi
gian ny s c p dng lm c s cho phn tch, quyt nh cc thng s k
thut quy m mt ct ngang ca tuyn ng.
- Lu lng giao thng d tnh trong nm thit k tng lai c d bo t lu lng
giao thng thi gian hin ti thng qua cng tc m xe lu thng trn ng. Ni
dung chi tit cng tc m xe c trnh by trong s tay Hng dn k thut ca d
n GTNT 3.
______________________________________________________________________
- 25 -

___________________________________________________________________________
5. Kh nng ti chnh ca d n
- Do ngun vn vay hn ch v phi c phn b u phc v cho s lng nhng
ngi s dng con ng ln nht n mc c th. V vy la chn pht trin ng
trong d n ny u tin c xy dng theo nguyn tc ci to cc b nhng im
ngn cn vic i li, s tip cn c bn dc theo c tuyn ng.
- Nu tuyn ng phi tho mn tiu ch v cung cp s tip cn c bn th khng ch
ci to cc b ti nhng on nht nh m c tuyn ng ni chung cn phi thc
hin nng cp.
- La chn phn b u ngun vn c th thc hin bng cch p dng mc gi trn
cho xy dng 1 km ng v gi ny c th bin thin tu theo iu kin c th.
1.4.2 Quy m - tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn
Thit k cc tuyn ng ca d n c tham kho nhng tiu chun thit k c

ban hnh ca Nh nc v B GTVT. Tiu chun thit k cho D n GTNT 3 c bn
ph hp vi nhng ti liu sau :
- ng giao thng nng thn Tiu chun thit k 22TCN 210-92.
- ng t - Yu cu thit k TCVN 4054 85.
Tham kho cc ti liu trn, c hai phng n Quy m - tiu chun k thut c a
ra la chn ph hp vi iu kin c th v nhu cu thc t ca tng a phng.
C 3 cp loi ng nh sau :
Cp ng thit k
trong d n
ng cp VI
ng GTNT l
lo i A
ng GTNT loi B
( Phn loi chc nng ng giao thng nng thn)

Cp
loi
Cp VI
a hnh
ng
bng, i
Chc nng ca ng trong mng li

giao thng a phng
dc t nhin
khu vc
ng huyn, ng kt ni cc trung
tm trong huyn , ng lin x
< 10% , 25%
Min ni
Loi A
Cc loi
a hnh
> 25%
ng x, ng kt ni t cc thn n
trung tm x , ng lin thn c lu
thng xe c gii
______________________________________________________________________
- 26 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Loi B
ng lin thn, ng ra cnh ng,

ng lng. Lu thng ch yu phng
tin xe th s.
Cc loi
a hnh
Cc yu t hnh hc ca tuyn ng c m t bng sau :

( Cc yu t hnh hc tuyn ng ca D n )
Tiu chun k thut tham chiu
TCVN 4054 -85
22 TCN 210-92
Cp VI
Loi A
Loi B
Cc loi a
hnh/iu
kin hn ch
Cc loi a
hnh/ iu
kin hn ch
STT
Cc yu t hnh hc ca tuyn
ng
n
v
a hnh
ng
bng
a
hnh ni
kh
Tc tnh ton
Km
25
15
S ln xe
Ln
Chiu rng nn ng
6.0
6.0
5.0/ 4.0
5.0/ 4.0
Chiu rng mt ng
3.5
3.5
3.5/3.0
3.5/3.0
Chiu rng l ng
2x1.25
2x1.25
Dc ngang mt ng
24
24
34
34
Dc ngang l ng
35
35
45
45
B/k ng cong nm nh nht
25(15)
15(10)
dc siu cao ln nht
10
dc dc ln nht
10(12)
10(15)
10(15)
600
50
11
B/K ng cong li nh nht
2x0.75/2x0.5 2x0.75/2x0.5
12
B/K ng cong lm nh nht
m
150
40
Ghi ch :
- K hiu khng p dng , khng quy nh
(....) Gi tr trong ngoc l gi tr chm chc khi gp kh khn
1.4.3 Ch dn thit k hnh hc ng trong D n
Thit k
hnh hc ng
Bnh tuyn
Mt ct dc
Mt ct ngang
______________________________________________________________________
- 27 -

___________________________________________________________________________
1. ng cp VI
ng cp VI c thit k trn c s tham chiu cc yu t hnh hc trong tiu chun
thit k ng TCVN 4054 85.
a) Bnh tuyn
- Bnh tuyn xy dng da trn cc s liu kho st v vch hng tuyn . Bnh
th hin : hng tuyn, cc cc l trnh, cc chi tit, v tr cc cng trnh trn tuyn (
rnh dc, cu, cng, k , tng chn...) , cc cng trnh ph tr, cc a vt ln cn...
- Cc tuyn ng trong D n GTNT 3 c u tin u t ch yu l ng ci to
nng cp, v vy bnh tuyn c bn bm theo tim tuyn ng hin ti , c nn
chnh cc b m bo cc yu t ng cong khi c th.
- i vi a phng c nhiu phng n nng cp ci to ni gia cc trung tm vi
nhau. Ngoi vic so snh v mt kinh t k thut gia cc phng n cn phi xem
xt t nhn thc ca nhn dn a phng. Cn phi xc nh tuyn no l quan
trng nht i vi cng ng v c a phng u tin u t.
- Thit k bnh tuyn i vi ng cp VI theo TCVN 4054 85 gm c cc ni
dung sau :
+ ng cong nm :
ng cong nm thit k i vi ng cp VI l ng cong trn c bn bn
knh R .
Bn knh ng cong nm phi m bo ln hn bn knh ti thiu theo quy
nh ( xem ti 2.4.2). Tr s bn knh cong c th khng m bo khi gp a
hnh kh hoc qua khu vc dn c.
i vi cc nh c gc chuyn hng qu nh ( < 30 ) khng nht thit phi cm
ng cong.
Chn bn knh ng cong, cn ch n iu kin chiu di ng cong phi
b tr on ni siu cao , on ni m rng.
Chn bn knh ng cong phi ch n iu kin m bo tm nhn ti thiu
cho ngi li xe.
+ Thit k siu cao v on ni siu cao :
Vi nhng ng cong c R > 200 m , mt ng trong ng cong c thit
k theo mt ct ngang hai mi ging ngoi ng thng m khng cn thit k
siu cao.
Vi nhng ng cong R 200 m, dc siu cao thit k khng c nh hn
cc gi tr quy nh ti bng 8 TCVN 4054 85 ( xem ti mc 2.2.2)
Cc quy nh khc v thit k siu cao i vi ng cp VI xem ti mc 2.2.2
on ni siu cao thit k khng c nh hn cc gi tr quy nh ti bng 11
TCVN 4054 85 ( xem ti mc 2.2.2).
______________________________________________________________________
- 28 -

___________________________________________________________________________
on ni siu cao c b tr mt na ngoi ng thng v mt na nm

trong ng cong.
sc)
ao (L
c
u
i
is
n n
Lsc/2
o
/2
Lsc
TC
rn
gt
on
gc
+ Thit k m rng v on ni m rng :

m rng (w) c b tr pha bng ng cong. Ti nhng ni a hnh kh
khn cho php b tr mt phn pha lng v mt phn pha bng ng cong.
m rng c t trn din tch l ng nhng phi m bo l ng cn
li khng nh hn 1m ( theo TCVN 4054 - 85). Nu l ng khng m bo th
phi m rng thm nn ng.
m rng (w)
Mt -ng m rng thm
on ni m rng c b tr nh sau :
Vi ng cong c thit k siu cao th on ni m rng ( Lw) ng b tr
trng vi on ni siu cao ( Lsc).
______________________________________________________________________
- 29 -

___________________________________________________________________________
ng
-
m
Ti
PG
TC
ng
t -
Lw/ 2
R
L w/
2
(
ao
Lsc
uc
si
ni
Vi ng cong khng c thit k siu cao th on ni m rng ( Lw) c cu

to :
- Mt na nm trn ng thng v mt na nm trn ng cong.
- Trn on ni , m rng u ( tuyn tnh ) . M rng 1 m trn chiu di ti
thiu 10m.
Tr s quy nh m rng tham kho ti bng 11 TCVN 4054 -85 ( Mc
2.2.2)
+ Thit k tm nhn v m bo tm nhn
Chiu di tm nhn tnh ton c quy nh trong TCVN 4054 -85. Khi thit k
dng tm nhn 2 chiu ( Mc 2.2.2).
Trong phm vi m bo tm nhn nu c chng ngi vt th phi loi b ( pht
quang cy ci, gt b taluy...).
Xc nh phm vi m bo tm nhn c th s dng phng php gii tch hoc
phng php gii ( tham kho sch thit k ng tp 1).
+ Thit k nt giao trn bnh tuyn :
Ti nt giao trn ng giao thng nng thn cp VI , cn thit k m bo tm
nhn v h thng bin bo , cc tiu m bo an ton khi xe qua nt giao.
Tm nhn nt giao m bo theo s di y :
______________________________________________________________________
- 30 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Khong cch tm nhn tnh ton ( L0 , L1) phi ph hp vi tc xe tnh ton

nt giao ly theo bng 10 TCVN 4054-85.
Bn knh ti thiu ca ng cong nt giao cng mc v ch ng nhnh r
khng ph thuc gc giao m ly theo cp ng ca ng t xe r. Vi
ng cp VI, Rmin =17m.
Ti cc nt giao cng mc phi cm bin hn ch tc xe chy ph hp vi
iu kin v tm nhn v bn knh thit k, ng thi phi cm bin bo hiu v
hng dn giao thng cho cc phng tin i qua nt.
b) Mt ct dc
- Mt ct dc thit k xy dng trn c s thit k ng , cao ng l cao
tim ng thit k. Mt ct dc th hin : ng , ng en, cc cc l trnh,
cc chi tit, cao cc cng trnh ph tr, ng bao cc lp a cht dc tuyn.
- Bng trc dc gm c cc mc sau : Rnh dc, dc dc thit k, cao thit k , cao
t nhin , khong cch l, khong cch cng dn, tn cc, l trnh, ng thng
ng cong ( nu c)...
- Khi thit k ng cn o bo cc ni dung sau :
ng thit k phi m bo yu cu chy xe an ton , m thun.
dc dc thit k khng c vt qu dc dc ti a cho php ( xem ti
mc 2.4.2). Vi a hnh kh khn, khi lng o p nhiu c th chm chc
tng thm 1-2%.
Rnh dc trong nn ng o nn thit k dc ln hn 0.5% m bo
vn thot nc.
Ti cc ch ng i dc m hiu s i s gia hai dc ln hn 2% phi
thit k ng cong ng m bo xe chy m thun v m bo iu kin
tm nhn. Bn knh ng cong ng ti thiu xem ti mc 2.4.2
Chiu di on dc thit k phi b tr ng cong ng. Khng nn thit
k i dc lin tc trn on dc ngn bo bo iu kin xe chy.
______________________________________________________________________
- 31 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Cc quy nh khc khi thit k ng xem ti mc 2.2.2

c) Mt ct ngang
- Mt ct ngang thit k vi quy m quy nh theo mc 2.4.2. Mt ct ngang th hin :
ng , ng en, ranh gii cc lp a cht, cc hng mc khi lng xy lp,
dc ngang mt ng, dc ngang l ng, dc taluy o p, dc taluy rnh dc,
cc yu t trc ngang trn ng cong...
- Bng trc ngang gm c cc mc sau : cao thit k ( cao ng ), khong
cch l cc im chi tit thit k, cao t nhin ( cao ng en ), khong cch
l cc im chi tit t nhin.
- Trn trc ngang, l ng c khuyn ngh gia c mi bn 0.75m m bo
chiu rng cho hai xe trnh nhau, nng cao nng lc phc v tuyn ng.
______________________________________________________________________
- 32 -

___________________________________________________________________________
2. ng GTNT loi A , loi B

a) Bnh tuyn
- ng GTNT loi A, loi B ch yu dng thit k nhng ng thuc ng
giao thng c bn : ng x, ng kt ni t thn n trung tm x, ng
thn, ng lng, ng ra cnh ng...
- Bnh tuyn c bn bm hon ton theo ng c. m bo tnh n gin trong
cng tc kho st thit k cng nh hn ch chi ph xy dng, chi ph gii phng mt
bng s khng cn thit mt tiu chun thit k c bit cho ng cong nm. Do
vy bnh tuyn ca cc loi ng ny l bnh dui thng.
- Ti cc v tr nt giao v ng giao trn tuyn ng GTNT loi A, B cn thit k
vut ni m bo tnh m thun trn ng. Ngoi ra cng cn thc hin b tr
cc bin bo n gin ngi li xe nhn bit.
b) Mt ct dc
- Trc dc ch yu cu mc m bo dc dc ti a cho php ( xem ti mc
2.4.2) , chp nhn mt s s chm chc trn trc dc khi gp iu kin kh khn.
Ti cc im i dc khng yu cu phi thit k ng cong ng.
- i vi ng giao thng nng thn c nhiu sc vt i li hn ch s dng dc
dc ti a trn on di nh vy s lm cho sc vt nhanh mt mi.
c) Mt ct ngang
- Mt ct ngang thit k vi quy m quy nh theo mc 2.4.2
- Trn trc ngang , khuyn ngh gia c ht phn l ng vi cng dc ngang vi
mt ng m bo thot nc mt ng cng nh nng cao nng lc ph v
ca tuyn ng.
______________________________________________________________________
- 33 -

___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
- 34 -

___________________________________________________________________________
1.4.4 Ch dn thit k nn ng trong D n
1. Nn ng p
- Chiu cao nn ng p phi cao hn mc nc ng thng xuyn ti thiu l 50
cm.
- dc taluy nn p ph thuc v vt liu p v chiu cao p. Khi la chn vt
liu p nn ng, gim chi ph xy dng , nn c gng s dng ngun vt liu
a phng nhng phi m bo c cc yu cu k thut ra.
- i vi nn ng p trn sn dc, trc khi p yu cu phi tin hnh x l b
mt nn t nhin. Vic a ra bin php x l c th cn c vo dc sn t
nhin, a cht v chiu cao t p. Thng thng :
Vi dc ngang sn t nhin ( isd) nh hn 20% ch yu cu x l b mt
nh ry c, vt bn ( nu c)...
Vi dc ngang sn t nhin nm trong khong t 20% n 50% yu cu cn
tin hnh nh bc cp. B rng bc cp ph thuc vo chiu rng nn ng,
chiu cao p v bin php thi cng ( th cng hay c gii...)
Vi dc ngang sn t nhin ln hn 50% v nn ng p cao cn yu cu
c bin php chng ( k , tng chn...) pha h luy m bo cho nn
ng n nh v khng b bin dng.
V m cht, yu cu lp 30 cm trn cng ca nn ng p phi c m
nn ti cht 98% cht tt nht, ni a hnh kh khn trong vic p ng
cht 98%, cho php cht ti thiu 95%.
2. Nn ng o
______________________________________________________________________
- 35 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- Cn c vo a cht c th tng on, s n nh ca dc thin nhin thit k

dc mi ta luy o cho ph hp :
Nn o t thng thng : Thit k mi dc ta luy 1:1.0. Khi chiu su o ln
th phi o thnh cc cp, mi cp o c chiu su 6m, gia hai cp to mt bc
c , dc nghing vo trong ta luy o.
Nn o phong ho trung bnh ( cp IV): Mi dc ta luy o 1:0,75. Khi
chiu su ln th phi o thnh cc cp, mi cp o c chiu su o 6m, gia
hai cp to mt bc c , dc nghing vo trong taluy o
Nn o rn chc n phong ho trung bnh ( cp III): Mi dc ta luy o
1:0,5, i vi nhng v tr c phong ho mnh hoc xut hin cc b mi ta luy
1:0,75.
1.4.5 Ch dn thit k mt ng trong D n
1. c im thit k mt ng trong D n
- ng giao thng nng thn trong d n ch yu l ng nng cp ci to , v vy
trc khi quyt nh la chn kt cu o ng thit k phi tin hnh iu tra
hin trng mt ng ca tuyn ng . Mt ng hin trng trong mng li
ng GTNT thng gm hai loi chnh sau :
ng t b mt l vt liu t t nhin.
ng cha c ri mt - kt cu mt ng c mt s ci thin bng vt
liu cp phi t nhin, cp phi si sui, hoc vt liu nghin vi cc quy cch
khc nhau (v d nh cn, thi).
- Kt cu mt ng c ci thin trn c s mt ng hin trng phi m bo cc
yu cu sau :
m bo chu c yu cu ca lu lng , ti trng c quy nh m khng
xy ra bt k s h hng nghim trng no.
Chu c nhng nhn t thin nhin ca mi trng.
Cung cp li ch y cho ngi s dng ng v c kh nng t c mc
phc v yu cu trong mt khong thi gian xc nh.
- mt ng m bo c cc yu cu , phi c mt phng php thit k ph
hp la chn c kt cu ti u. Phng php thit k kt cu mt ng c bn
tun theo nhng hng dn thit k ca B GTVT v c gin lc mt s th tc
n gin ho cng tc thit k, ph hp vi quy m mt D n GTNT. Kt cu mt
ng c la chn m bo cc tiu chun k thut, c tnh ton da trn yu
cu v lu lng, ti trng phng tin tham gia giao thng v loi vt liu mt
ng c s dng.
- Vic la chn liu kt cu mt ng c c ri mt hay khng ri mt ph thuc
vo nhu cu giao thng trn tuyn. Quan h hiu qu - chi ph ng mt vai tr quan
trng trong qu trnh la chn vt liu s dng cho kt cu mt ng v quyt nh
vic ri mt ng c c thc hin hay khng.
______________________________________________________________________
- 36 -

___________________________________________________________________________
- Vic la chn vt liu mt ng ph thuc ch yu vo ngun vt liu sn c ti a

phng, iu kin mi trng khu vc cng nh kinh nghim p dng trc ti
a phng; iu ny c m t theo mt s khi tham kho ti S tay hng
dn k thut ca D n GTNT 3.
2. Trnh t th tc phng php thit k kt cu mt ng
- Vic thit k kt cu mt ng ph thuc vo nhng nhn t sau :
Cng nn , mt ng hin ti.
Ti trng d tnh n cui thi k khai thc ( quy i ra lu lng xe ti trng
trc 10 tn).
Vi ring kt cu mt ng mm , ph hp vi quy m k thut thp ca
ng GTNT, cng mt ng ( muyn n hi yu cu Eyc) c gii
hn ti a l 980 daN/cm2 cho ng cp VI v 770 daN/cm2 cho ng loi B.
Loi vt liu s dng trong kt cu mt ng thit k.
- Trong D n GTNT 3, kt cu mt ng cng ( BTXM ) vi chi ph xy dng cao
ch c s dng hn ch trong iu kin kh khn v iu kin thin nhin mi
trng, lu lng giao thng... Trnh t th tc thit k cho kt cu mt ng ny
c tham kho ti Quy trnh thit k o ng cng 22TCN 223-95. Cc tuyn
ng trong d n ch yu s dng kt cu mt ng mm, th tc thit k tham
kho Quy trnh thit k o ng mm 22 TCN 211-93 nh sau :
Bc 1: Xc nh lu lng xe thit k ( quy i ra lu lng xe ti trng trc 10T)
c phn tch t cc s liu m lu lng giao thng thc t.
Bc 2: Xc nh cng mt ng ( m uyn n hi yu cu, Ey/c) ng vi
lu lng xe thit k, gii hn cng ti a i vi kt cu o ng mm nh
c cp.
Bc 3: Xc nh cng nn, mt ng hin ti ( gi tr gi nh theo kinh
nghim ca k s t vn hoc gi tr bit t kt qu th nghim).
Bc 4: Xc nh gi tr cng ca vt liu thit k mt ng.
Bc 5: Gi nh dy cc lp kt cu mt ng.
Bc 6 : S dng biu , cc bng tra trong quy trnh kim ton kt cu mt
ng vi chiu dy gi nh. n gin, ch cn thit kim ton cng mt
ng theo tiu chun vng n hi.
Bc 7 : So snh cng mt ng thit k vi cng yu cu ; m bo
tnh kinh t, cng mt ng thit k ch nn ln hn cng yu cu ti a l
10%.
- Thit k kt cu mt ng trn mt ct ngang : C hai loi mt ct ngang c bn
c s dng cho thit k mt ng :
Trng hp 1 : p dng cho cc tuyn cha c mt ng ( ch c nn ng
t).
______________________________________________________________________
- 37 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Trng hp 2 : p dng cho cc tuyn c mt ng ( chng hn mt ng

hin ti l vt liu cp phi t nhin, thi, dm, mt ng ph nha).
Cc ch dn thit k trn trc ngang i vi tng trng hp tham kho ti Phn 3
Phng php kho st thit k - S tay Hng dn k thut).
1.4.6 Ch dn thit k cc cng trnh trn ng trong D n
1. H thng thot nc dc ( rnh dc )

- Rnh dc thot nc nn c thit k ti thiu su 0.6m bo v kt cu mt
ng trnh c nc ngm, nc t thng lu xung nhanh trn ln mt
ng, trnh phi s dng kt cu rnh thm hay ho ngn nc.
- ng GTNT thng c p thp so vi mt t thin nhin, t c iu kin duy
tu bo dng thng xuyn (dn c, khi thng rnh nc) bi vy chiu su rnh
dc 0.6m l hon ton hp l. Kt cu rnh c kch thc hnh hc a dng ph hp
vi iu kin a cht, kh nng thi cng, iu kin duy tu bo dng. Khuyn ngh
s dng kt cu rnh dc thit din hnh thang vi kch thc: ming rnh 1.5m, y
rnh 0.3m, su 0.6m, taluy rnh 1:1.
- Nhng on rnh c dc dc thit k ln t 6% tr ln s c gia c chng xi
bng cc bin php khc nhau: xy rnh hc, b tr vch ngn bng tre hoc khi
vt liu gim tc (, si) vi khong cch nht nh.
2. Cng thot nc ngang
- D n GTNT 2 lu rng trn thc t s liu lin quan n chu k l l khng
sn c. S y ca h thng cng hin ti c th c quyt nh tt nht t kinh
nghim ca a phng; kch thc ca cc cng thit k mi da trn nhng nh
gi c tin hnh da trn cc s liu v l lch s, nhng du hiu v thit hi do
xi mn v s ph hu i vi nhng cng trnh hin ti.
- Lu lng thot nc ti a ca cng trn c th c xc nh tham kho theo cng
thc sau:
Q CD . Ao . 2.g.d1
Trong :
CD : H s dng chy, gi nh l 0.6
Ao : Thit din thn cng
g : H s gia tc trng trng (9.81)
d1 : su thng lu = 1.5 * ng knh (v d gi nh mt lng qu ti no
)
- Kh nng thot nc ti a ca mt s loi cng trn c ng knh t 450mm n
1500mm c trnh by tham kho trong bng sau:
______________________________________________________________________
- 38 -

___________________________________________________________________________
ng knh (mm)
Kh nng thot nc
(m3/s)
450
0.33
600
0.70
750
1.24
900
1.97
1000
2.55
1200
4.00
1500
7.00
- Kch c ti thiu ca cng thit k mi c xut s dng c ng knh trong ti

thiu l 750mm, bi nu nh hn th rt kh thc hin cng tc v sinh trong lng
cng. Tuy nhin nhng cng hin ti c kch c nh hn 750m nhng vn s dng
hiu qu th c th xem xt gi li.
3. Cng trnh cu nh
- Nhng v tr thot nc cn thit thit k cng trnh cu cn phi c mt phng
php tip cn v kho st chi tit ring, tun th cc tiu chun kho st, thit k ca
B GTVT xc nh cc c im dng chy lm c s cho cng tc thit k sau
ny.
Cn c vo :
- iu kin a cht thu vn
- Cao khng ch
- Kh nng cung cp ti chnh
- Cp hng ng, chc nng ca ng .
- Thnh phn dng xe.
- Ti trng thit k.
a ra phng n kt cu thit k
- Trng hp thit k mi :
+ Nu kt cu l dng cu bn, cu treo s dng tiu chun 22TCN 18-79 thit
k.
+ Nu kt cu l dng cu dm BTCT s dng tiu chun 22TCN 272-05.
- Trng hp thit k nng cp, ci to : Cn c vo quy trnh thit k i vi cu c
la chn phng n thit k.
4. H thng thit b an ton ng b
- ng giao thng nng thn trong D n phi m bo h thng thit b an ton ti
thiu ch dn v m bo an ton cho xe chy. Trc khi thit k yu cu phi c
______________________________________________________________________
- 39 -

___________________________________________________________________________
cng tc kim tra an ton ng b xc nh khu vc nguy him v a ra cc

bin php gii quyt.
- Ton b h thng cc tiu, bin bo... trn tuyn c thit k theo iu l bo hiu
ng b 22 TCN 237-01.
5. Cc cng trnh chng
- Cc cng trnh chng ( k, tng chn,...) c thit k m bo cho nn
ng n nh di tc dng ca ti trng xe chy v cc nhn t thin nhin. Cc
cng trnh chng thng yu cu thit k khi gp cc trng hp sau :
Nn ng p trn sn dc c dc sn t nhin ( isd) ln hn 50%.
Nn ng o qua khu vc c t phong ho d b st l.
Nn ng p bn cnh h thng sng sui c tc nc chy xit v mc
nc ngp cao so vi cao vai ng ( yu cu mc nc ngp thng xuyn
phi thp hn cao vai ng ti thiu 0,5m).
______________________________________________________________________
- 40 -

___________________________________________________________________________
D5-2
CC GIAI ON THIT K NG
Mc ch
Hiu bit c cc ni dung quy nh v cc bc thit k ng v vn
dng trong thit k ng thuc D n GTNT3.
1.5
Gii thiu
Phn o to ny s gii thiu cc Lut, Ngh nh ca Vit Nam c lin quan n

cng tc thit k ng. T a ra cc yu cu c th v trnh t, ni dung ca tng
giai on thit k ng trong D n GTNT3.
1.6
Cc giai on thit k ng theo Lut Xy Dng v cc Lut, Ngh nh

c lin quan.
1.6.1 Cc Lut v Ngh nh c p dng:
- Lut s 16/2003/QH11 Lut Xy Dng (Hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 7 nm 2004).

- Lut s 38/2009/QH12 Lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca cc lut lin quan
n u t xy dng c bn (Hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 8 nm 2009).
- Ngh nh 12/2009/N - CP Ngh nh v qun l d n u t xy dng cng
trnh (Hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 4 nm 2009).
1.6.2 Cc ni dung c bn ca cc giai on thit k
(Trch dn cc iu, khon, mc ca cc Lut, Ngh nh c lin quan n qun l d

n u t xy dng cng trnh)
1. Trch dn Lut s 16/2003/QH11 Lut xy dng
Cc trch dn quan trng ca lut s 16/2003/QH11 - Lut xy dng c a
vo Ph lc 1.
2. Trch dn ngh nh s 12/2009/N - CP Ngh nh v qun l d n u t
xy dng cng trnh ( hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 4 nm 2009)
Cc trch dn quan trng ca Ngh nh s 12/2009/N-CP - Ngh nh v qun l d
n u t xy dng c a vo Ph lc 2
3. Trch dn Lut s 38/2009/QH12 Lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca cc
lut lin quan n u t xy dng c bn (Hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 8 nm 2009).
______________________________________________________________________
- 41 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Cc trch dn quan trng ca Lut s 38/2009/QH12 - Lut sa i, b sung mt s

iu ca cc lut lin quan n u t xy dng c bn, c a vo Ph lc 2
1.7
Cc giai on thit k ng trong d n GTNT 3
1.7.1 Chu trnh chun b v thc hin d n hng nm
______________________________________________________________________
- 42 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Trnh t trin khai

1. Tng th
1.7.2
TT
Ni dung cng vic
Trnh t thc hin
Hng dn chi tit
Ch trng u t
S GTVT tin hnh sng lc tuyn - Phng php la

v trnh ch trng u t ln UBND chn tuyn ng
Tnh.
UBND tnh ph duyt ch trng
u t
K hoch (u t)
thc hin hng nm
AWP bao gm: nng
cp ci to, bo tr, h
tr k thut
S GTVT (PPMU) tuyn t vn

tin hnh lp d n u t cc tuyn
c duyt
S GTVT lp cc k hoch: ngn
sch, u thu, TC, GPMB, mi
trng, bo tr, o to trn c s cc
d n u t
S GTVT trnh UBND tnh ph
duyt cc k hoch trn
- Hng dn lp d
n u t cc tiu d
n
- Hng dn thc
hin cng tc mi
trng
- Hng dn thc
hin cng tc x hi
PPMU tuyn t vn lp thit k - Hng dn lp TK

BVTC, HSMT, D ton XL, cng tc BVTC cc tiu d n
r ph bom mn cho cc tuyn ng - Hng dn thc
c ph duyt.
hin cng tc mi
PPMU trnh cc kt qu trn cho trng
S GTVT ph duyt TK BVTC, - Hng dn thc
______________________________________________________________________
Lp thit k BV TC,
HSMT,
d
ton,
GPMB, r ph bom
mn, PTDTTS, Mi
trng
- 43 -

___________________________________________________________________________
HSMT, d ton XL, r ph bom mn hin cng tc x hi

PPMU trnh phng n GPMB,
TDC, pht trin DTTS, cho UBND
tnh ph duyt.
PPMU chun b cc ti liu yu cu
v trnh S TNMT xin cp chng ch
t tiu chun mi trng.
PPMU bo co cc kt qu c
ph duyt ngay cho S GTVT v
WB
S GTVT v WB kim tra cc yu
cu p ng v c kin chp thun
cho PPMU trin khai cc bc tip
theo.
4A
u thu v tuyn
chn t vn gim st,
4B H tr k thut
PPMU t chc u thu, nh gi - Hng dn thc

HSDT (cc gi thu xy lp ti tnh), hin cng tc u
thu
lp bo co nh gi HSDT.
PPMU trnh S GTVT thm nh
v ph duyt kt qu u thu, hp
ng.
PPMU k hp ng v gii ngn
PMU5 t chc u thu, nh gi

H s d thu cc gi thu thuc cu
phn H tr k thut
B GTVT thm nh v ph duyt
kt qu u thu, ni dung thng
tho v hp ng cu phn HTKT
PMU5 k hp ng vi nh thu
cc gi thu thuc HTKT
______________________________________________________________________
- 44 -

___________________________________________________________________________
5A Trin khai Thi cng,

thanh ton cng tc
xy lp
5B
Trin khai cng tc

bo tr
Lnh thay i
Bn giao
PPMU tuyn t vn gim st thc

hin cng tc gim st thi cng, cc - Hng dn thc
cng ty t vn gim st phi c lp hin cng tc ti
vi tnh.
chnh
PPMU thanh ton trn c s gi tr
nghim thu ca PPMU v t vn.
S GTVT lp k hoch bo tr
hng nm
PPMU k hp ng trch nhim
vi U ban nhn dn huyn thc
hin
U ban nhn dn huyn (phng
giao thng huyn) chu trch nhim
t chc thc hin v gim st cng
tc bo tr.
Trong trng hp PPMU/ s
GTVT giao cho Ht QLGT (on)
thc hin cng tc bo tr th PPMU/
S GTVT s xc nhn khi lng
thc hin v gim st cng tc bo
tr.
Khi c pht sinh PPMU t chc
kim tra vi thnh phn gm PPMU,
Nh thu, TVGS, TVTK lp h s
khi lng v d ton pht sinh.
S GTVT thm nh v ph duyt
trong phm vi 50% kinh ph d
phng ca gi thu. Pht sinh trn
50% kinh ph d phng S GTVT
phi bo co UBND tnh trc khi
ph duyt.
Nh thu lp h s hon cng v
bo co hon thnh cng trnh cho t
vn gim st sau khi cng trnh thi
cng xong.
T vn gim st kim tra xc nhn
hon thnh hin trng, h s hon
cng, pht hnh chng ch hon
thnh cng trnh.
PPMU t chc nghim thu v bn
______________________________________________________________________
- 45 -

___________________________________________________________________________
giao cng trnh.

S GTVT ch o cng tc nghim
thu bn giao theo cc qui nh hin
hnh.
8
Thanh, Quyt ton

cng trnh
PPMU lp bo co v quyt ton - Hng dn thc

cng trnh. Tng hp bo co S hin cng tc ti
chnh
GTVT.
2. Hng dn chi tit

1. Phng php la chn tuyn (la chn u t)
2. Lp d n u t
3. Lp thit k bn v thi cng
1.7.3
La chn u t
1. Ch tiu hp l chung
Danh sch 33 tnh trong Chngg 1 u hp l tham gia d n ny.
2. Phng php la chn tuyn ng
- Cc tuyn ng a vo ci to s c la chn theo phng php kt hp cc
tiu ch hiu qu kinh t v li ch x hi.
- u tin s mt ca d n l ci to hoc nng cp cc tuyn x l v huyn l. Tuyn
ng c u tin la chn s phi p ng nhng nguyn tc thit k p dng cho
nng cp/ci to ng nng thn theo tiu chun phn loi ph hp, ng thi thit
k phi cn c trn lu lng giao thng v ti trng.
- D n GTNT 3 khng p dng mc trn chi ph v sut u t c nh cho 1 km, c
th thay i tu theo loi ng, loi kt cu mt ng v a hnh. c la
chn vo danh sch u t ci to, mt tuyn ng phi c chng minh l mang
li hiu qu kinh t ( IRR > 12%). Hiu qu kinh t c chng minh bng 1 trong 3
cch sau y:
Cc ngng lu lng xe c gii ( c tnh bng PCU)
S dng m hnh di dng bng tnh chng minh tnh hiu qu kinh t.
Cc th s dng phn mm HDM4 trong nhng trng hp c bit
- Tuyn ng c la chn phi p ng cc ngng lu lng giao thng c
nu trong cc bng di y.
______________________________________________________________________
- 46 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Ngng lu lng giao thng c gii i vi ng cp phi so vi ng t

Loi ng
ng bng
Trung du
Min ni
vpd (MT)
pcu
vpd (MT)
pcu
vpd (MT)
Pcu
50
35
55
40
60
45
VI
35
25
40
30
60
45
35
25
40
30
40
30
30
20
35
25
35
25
Ngng lu lng giao thng c gii i vi ng ri mt
Loi ng
(so vi ng cp phi)
ng bng
Trung du
vpd (MT)
pcu
vpd (MT)
pcu
Min ni
vpd (MT)
Pcu
400
300
350 - 400
250 - 300
250 - 300
175 - 225
VI
350 400
250 - 300
350
250
250 - 300
175 225
300 350
225 - 250
250 300
175 - 225
250 - 300
175 225
250 300
175 -225
250
175
200 - 250
150 175
Gii thch ch vit tt:

MT - giao thng c gii; pcu - n v xe con; vpd - s lng xe mi ngy
- Cc tr s PCU ca bng di y c tnh ton da trn tiu chun ca B
GTVT.
Xe
p
0.2
Xe b Xe
ko my
0.5
0.3
Tr s PCU tiu chun

Xe cng
Xe but
nng
Xe 4
loi loi ch
loi
loi
loi
nh
to
nh trung
to
< 5 5-10
tn tn
>10
tn
3+
trc
1.0
1.5
2.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
1.2
1.5
2.5
Xe ti
2.0
- Tuyn ng c tnh kh thi v kinh t s c phn loi u tin da trn ch s i

ngho, ngha l c tnh theo cng thc s lng ngi ngho c phc vu chia
cho chi ph xy dng ng.
- S lng tuyn ng s c quyt nh bi ngun vn c phn b.
3. Th tc la chn tuyn ng
______________________________________________________________________
- 47 -

___________________________________________________________________________
Cc tuyn ng s c la chn da trn quy hoch tng th v danh mc cc tuyn

ng u tin ca Tnh. Di y l nguyn tc v trnh t la chn :
Nguyn tc chung
- u tin u tin c dnh cho vic xy dng v nng cp mng li ng ca cc
tnh.
- Vic la chn tuyn ng phi ch trng ti tnh kt ni ca mng li.
- Tng chi ph u t cho cu khng c vt qu 150.000 USD/ cu.
3.2 Th tc la chn tuyn ng
- Tnh s cung cp mt danh sch di cc tuyn ng da trn quy hoch ca
tnh v th t u tin.
- Da trn danh sch di, cc tuyn ng s c phn loi u tin nh sau :
Da vo thit k s b v s liu m xe (loi ng, kt cu mt ng, d
ton,...) cc tuyn ng s c sng lc theo tiu chun hiu qu kinh t t sut
kinh t ni hon (EIRR);
ng huyn v ng x c EIRR cao hn 12% s c a vo danh sch ngn.
Sau , cc tuyn ng trong danh sch ngn s c xp hng da trn tiu
chun kinh t x hi nh sau: S lng ngi ngho c phc v chia cho chi
ph xy dng con ng
Cui cng, cc tuyn ng c la chn theo th t t cao xung thp trong gii
hn ngun vn c phn b
S phn loi u tin cc tuyn ng
Quy hoch v
u tin ca tnh
S liu thng k v
tnh trng ng
Danh sch di
S liu m xe
C s liu Khng
m xe?
S liu kinh t - x hi
cp x
Lu lng d kin (theo s

liu kinh t-x hi)
C
Xy dng danh sch di
Thit k s b
loi ng mt ct
chi ph
Da trn
chc nng ca ng
a hnh
lu lng giao thng
tiu chun thit k
Sng lc theo
(IRR > 12%)
La chn da trn
ngng lu lng GT
m hnh SS, DM4
La chn theo tiu chun

kinh t - x hi
Da trn ch tiu
S lng ngi ngho
c phc v /tng chi ph
xy dng tuyn ng
______________________________________________________________________
La chn theo th t xp hng t cao xung thp trong phm

vi ngun vn c phn b
- 48 -
1.7.4
Ni dung lp d n u t cc tiu d n (cc tuyn ng)

H s d n u t mt tiu d n
T trnh ph duyt
da n u t
pp
Thuyt minh d n
a CD cha d liu
Thit k c s
1. Quy cch chung ca h s d n u t

- Mi tp u c ng ba 2 mt (trn, di) bng giy bng knh, ba ngoi mu
- H s ng trong hp giy - vi cng (c dy buc)
- Bn v trn kh giy A3, cc ti liu khc trn kh giy A4
- Font ch trn bn v .VnArialH (ch hoa), trn thuyt minh .VnTime
- Yu cu lm ngn gn, y
- S lng h s: 09 b
2. Thuyt minh d n u t
Phn 1: Gii thiu chung
a) C s php l lp d n u t ca tiu d n
b) Mc tiu v phm vi nghin cu
c) Qu trnh nghin cu v t chc thc hin
d) Ngun ti liu s dng lp d n u t
Phn 2 : Ni dung ch yu
a) S cn thit phi u t
- Tnh hnh kinh t, x hi, vn ho trong vng khu vc tuyn ng: Dn s (hin ti,
tng lai gn); tng sn phm trong vng; cc iu kin hin ti v chin lc pht
trin
- Hin trng v mng li GTVT trong vng v quy hoch pht trin: tnh trng k
thut, tnh hnh khai thc, lu lng vn ti, tai nn, quy hoch pht trin
- Cc quy hoch khc c lin quan n D n : Cc th khu cng nghip tp trung,
khu nh c; thu li; nng lng; lm nghip; khu bo tn, cc di tch vn ho lch
s
- nh gi v vn ti v d bo nhu cu vn ti: nhu cu vn ti trong vng ni chung;
d bo nhu cu vn ti ca tuyn D n (lu lng, thnh phn dng xe)
b) Phng n thit k
49
- Xc nh quy m v tiu chun k thut (theo tiu ch ca D n): Quy trnh, quy
phm, tiu chun p dng; La chn cp ng, quy m v tiu chun k thut cho
tuyn ng; Tiu chun thit k cu cng, cc cng trnh ph tr
- Phng n thit k
Cc iu kin t nhin vng khu vc tuyn i qua (a hnh, a cht, kh tng,
thu vn, mi trng)
Thit k tuyn
Cc im khng ch
Hng tuyn, phng n tuyn
Kt qu thit k phng n tuyn: Bnh din; Trc dc; Nn ng (thng
thng v c bit); Mt ng; Thot nc (cng, rnh); Cng trnh
phng h; An ton v t chc giao thng
Thit k cu nh, trn
Nguyn tc thit k
Cc gii php thit k: Mt ct ngang; Kt cu nhp; Kt cu nn mng; Cc
kt cu ph tr
Kt qu thit k
Tng hp khi lng xy dng nn, mt ng, cu, cng, trn v cc cng trnh
chnh khc ca phng n tuyn
Tng hp khi lng gii phng mt bng ca phng n tuyn
c) Phn tch la chn phng n t chc thi cng
d) Phng n gii phng mt bng , ti nh c v pht trin dn tc thiu s ( theo
khung chnh sch x hi D n).
e) nh gi tc ng mi trng v gii php x l ( theo khung chnh sch mi
trng D n)
f) Tng mc u t
- Cc cn c lp tng mc u t
- Cu thnh ca tng mc u t
- Tng mc u t cho phng n tuyn
g) Phn tch hiu qu u t
h) Cc mc thi gian chnh thc hin D n
Phn 3 :
Kt lun v kin ngh
- Tnh kh thi cc mt ca D n. Tng mc u t ca D n.

- Yu cu v thi gian u t vo D n
- Bc TK BVTC v cc lu
Phn 4 : Phn ph lc km theo thuyt minh
- Quyt nh, vn bn cho php tin hnh chun b u t
50
- Cc vn bn lm vic vi cc c quan chc nng ca a phng lin quan n

hng tuyn, v tr cu, cng v cc im khng ch khc
- Cc bn thng k chnh: Cc yu t hnh hc ca tuyn; Bn tng hp khi lng
nn, mt ng tng Km; Thng k khi lng cc cng trnh thot nc; Thng k
chi tit v gii phng mt bng
- Cc bn tnh, kim ton v kt cu mt ng, cu, trn, tnh ton thu vn, x l
nn t yu
1.7.5
Thit k c s
V thi gian chun b cc tiu d n ngn, cng tc kho st - thit k nn c thc

hin chi tit ngay bc thit k c s tng ng bc TK BVTC, trnh thc hin
cng tc kho st, thit k nhiu ln. Hng dn cng tc kho st - thit k cn tham
kho trong S tay hng dn k thut D n v cc tiu chun hin hnh.
H s thit k c s
Thuyt minh
Bn v
H s kho
st
1. Thuyt minh
a) Tm tt nhim v thit k
- Gii thiu cng trnh, phm vi nghin cu ca D n. Mi quan h ca D n vi
quy hoch giao thng vn ti a phng
- Cc s liu v iu kin t nhin, x hi
- Cc tiu chun k thut p dng
b) Thuyt minh xy dng, phng n thit k
- c im tuyn thit k, cc iu kin t nhin vng tuyn i qua: a hnh, a cht,
kh tng, thu vn, mi trng...
- Phng n thit k tuyn: Cc im khng ch, hng tuyn, bnh din, trc dc, nn
mt ng, cc cng trnh thot nc, cng trnh phng h, cng trnh an ton giao
thng
- Phng n thit k kt cu mt ng
- Phng n thit k cng trnh trn tuyn
- Cc bn tnh, kim ton v kt cu mt ng, cu, tnh ton thu vn, x l nn t
yu,
c) Khi lng, tng mc u t
51
- D tnh khi lng cc cng tc xy dng (nn mt ng, cng trnh thot nc, an
ton giao thng, cng trnh phng h), gii phng mt bng, cc chi ph khc
lm c s lp tng mc u t, xc nh thi gian xy dng cng trnh
- Nn thc hin chi tit v lp tng d ton trong qu trnh thit k c s.
2. Bn v
a) Bnh hng tuyn ( trch t bn GTVT cp huyn)
- T l: t 1: 25.000 - 1: 50.000 tu thuc vo chiu di tuyn ng. M t v tr
tuyn ng trong h thng giao thng a phng, im u im cui tuyn, cc
a danh, sng sui
- T mu: Hng tuyn t mu bng bt nh du.
b) Trc ngang in hnh
- T l: 1: 50 - 1: 100 tu thuc vo chiu rng trc ngang in hnh sao cho bao trm
c phm vi ca c nn ng (chn taluy m, nh taluy dng)
- Yu cu: phi c cc loi trc ngang in hnh nh nn p, nn na o na p,
nn o hon ton; th hin y cc chi tit cu thnh trn trc ngang (nn ng,
mt ng, rnh dc, mi dc); cc bn v in hnh cc cng trnh phng h nu
c (k, tng chn, rnh nh, p ); kch thc y ca cc chi tit trn
c) Bn v kt cu nn, mt ng
- Th hin y cc loi kt cu c trng cho tng on ca tuyn ng, kt cu
mt ng lm mi, kt cu mt ng trn nn ng c, kt cu gia c l, kt cu
mt ng giao ct
d) Bnh tuyn
- T l: 1: 2.000, khong 500m chiu di tuyn trn mt trang giy v.
- Yu cu: Th hin tim tuyn, ng bao hai bn tim tuyn (phm vi nn ng), cc
cc chi tit trn tuyn, cc yu t hnh hc ca ng cong... Th hin y cc v
tr cu, cng, ng giao ct, cc a danh quan trng Cng cc quy nh khc i
vi bn v bnh tuyn ng. Nn kt hp bn v bnh tuyn vi trc dc
tuyn lm mt nu phm vi giy v.
e) Trc dc tuyn
- T l: Tng ng vi bnh tuyn (di 1:2000, cao 1:200), khong 500m chiu di
tuyn trn mt trang giy v.
- Yu cu: Th hin ng (m), ng en (nht). Th hin y v tr cu,
cng tng ng vi v tr cc cng trnh ny trn bnh tuyn Phn ca trc
dc theo quy nh trong bn v mu. Trong trng hp chiu cao ca trc dc khng
b hn ch c th v ghp bnh v trc dc vo mt bn v (bnh trn, trc dc
di)
f) Bng thng k cng trnh thot nc trn ton tuyn (cng, cu nh, trn, rnh
thot nc...) cng bn v in hnh cc cng trnh trn
g) Bng thng k cc cng trnh phng h (k p mi taluy, tng chn) cng
bn v in hnh cc cng trnh trn.
h) Bng thng k cc nt giao, ng giao cng cc bn v in hnh.
52
i) Bng thng k cc cng trnh v an ton giao thng (cc tiu, bin bo, ct Km,
h lan) cng bn v in hnh
3. H s kho st
a) Thuyt minh
- Kho st tuyn (bnh , trc dc, trc ngang)
- Kho st a cht cng trnh
- Kho st a cht - thu vn
- Kho st thu vn
- Kh nng cung cp vt liu
b) Bn v
- Bn hng tuyn: t l 1: 25.000 - 1: 50.000
- Bnh tuyn: t l 1: 2000, c y a hnh, a vt, v tr cc mc cao , to
- Trc dc tuyn: t l 1: 2000 (di), 1:200 (cao)

- Trc ngang chi tit tuyn: t l 1: 200
c) Cc ti liu khc
- Bn tnh lu lng, khu cc cng trnh thot nc nh
- Bng thng k s liu o c cc yu t hnh hc tuyn ng
- Bng thng k v cng tc gii phng mt bng
- Bng thng k cng trnh thot nc ton tuyn
- Bng thng k v tr cc ng giao
- Cc bo co v a cht, thu vn
- Cc bin bn lm vic vi cc c quan chc nng ca a phng
1.7.6
Thit k bn v thi cng

Bn v
Thuyt minh
H s kho st
H s thit k bn v thi cng
a CD cha tt c
cc d liu trn
1. Quy cch chung ca h s TK BVTC

53
Khi lng
D ton
- Mi tp u c ng ba 2 mt (trn, di) bng giy bng knh, ba ngoi mu xanh

- H s ng trong hp giy - vi cng (c dy buc)
- Bn v trn kh giy A3, cc ti liu khc trn kh giy A4
- Font ch trn bn v .VnArialH (ch hoa), trn thuyt minh .VnTime
- Yu cu lm ngn gn, y
- S lng h s: 09 b
Hng dn cng tc kho st - thit k cn tham kho trong S tay hng dn k thut D n
v cc tiu chun hin hnh.
2. Thuyt minh
Phn 1 : Cc cn c lp TK BVTC
- Thit k c s c ph duyt
- Cc tiu chun thit k, ch dn k thut p dng
- Cc vn bn lin quan
Phn 2 : Qu trnh iu tra, kho st tuyn

- Gii thiu cng trnh, c im, v tr xy dng
- Cc ti liu, thit b s dng trong qu trnh iu tra, kho st
- Ni dung cng tc kho st tuyn
- c im v Kinh t - X hi khu vc xy dng tuyn
- c im v a hnh, a cht, kh tng, thu vn
Phn 3 : Gii php thit k

- Quy m v tiu chun thit k
- Phng n thit k tuyn
- Cc vn chi tit v k thut
Phn 4 : Kh nng cung cp vt liu

Phn 5 : T chc thi cng
Phn 6 : Kt lun v kin ngh
Phn 7 : Phn ph lc km theo thuyt minh
- Cc bn tnh, kim ton v kt cu mt ng, cu, tnh ton thu vn, x l nn t
yu
- Bng thng k cng trnh thot nc, ng ngang trn tuyn
- Bng phn tch s liu lu lng giao thng
3. Bn v
a) Bnh hng tuyn ( trch t bn GTVT cp huyn)
54
- T l: t 1: 25.000 - 1: 50.000 tu thuc vo chiu di tuyn ng. M t v tr

tuyn ng trong h thng giao thng a phng, im u im cui tuyn, cc
a danh, sng sui
- T mu: Hng tuyn t mu bng bt nh du
b) Trc ngang in hnh
- T l: 1: 50 - 1: 100 tu thuc vo chiu rng trc ngang in hnh sao cho bao trm
c phm vi ca c nn ng (chn taluy m, nh taluy dng)
- Yu cu: phi c cc loi trc ngang thit k nh nn p, nn na o na
p, nn o hon ton; th hin y cc chi tit cu thnh trn trc ngang (nn
ng, mt ng, rnh dc, mi dc); cc bn v in hnh cc cng trnh phng
h nu c (k, tng chn, rnh nh, p ); kch thc y ca cc chi tit
trn.
c) Bn v kt cu nn , mt ng
- Th hin y cc loi kt cu c trng cho tng on ca tuyn ng, kt cu
mt ng mi, kt cu mt ng trn nn ng c, kt cu gia c l
d) Bnh tuyn
- T l: 1: 2.000, khong 500m chiu di tuyn trn mt trang giy v.
- Yu cu: Th hin tim tuyn, ng bao hai bn tim tuyn (nn ng), cc cc trn
tuyn, cc yu t hnh hc ca ng cong... Th hin y cc v tr cu, cng,
ng giao ct, cc a danh quan trng Cng cc quy nh khc i vi bn v
bnh . Nn kt hp bn v bnh tuyn vi trc dc tuyn lm mt nu phm
vi giy v.
e) Trc dc tuyn
- T l: Tng ng vi bnh tuyn (di 1:2000, cao 1:200), khong 500m chiu di
tuyn trn mt trang giy v.
- Yu cu: Th hin ng (m), ng en (nht). Th hin y v tr cu,
cng tng ng vi v tr cc cng trnh ny trn bnh Phn ca trc dc theo
quy nh trong bn v mu. Trong trng hp chiu cao ca trc dc khng b hn
ch c th v ghp bnh v trc dc vo mt bn v (bnh trn, trc dc di).
f) Trc ngang chi tit ton tuyn
- T l: 1: 200, khong 4 - 6 trc ngang trn mt trang giy v
- Yu cu: Th hin y nhng yu t cu thnh ca nn, mt ng, rnh dc, cc
cng trnh hin hu (ct in, tng xy, nh dn). Phn ca trc ngang chi tit
theo quy nh trong bn v mu
g) Bng thng k v bn v chi tit cc cng trnh thot nc trn ton tuyn
(cng, cu nh, trn, rnh thot nc...)
h) Bng thng k v bn v chi tit cc cng trnh phng h (k p mi taluy, tng

chn)
i) Bng thng k v bn v chi tit cc nt giao, ng giao...

j) Bng thng k v bn v chi tit cc cng trnh v an ton giao thng (cc tiu,
bin bo, ct Km, h lan)
55
4. Khi lng
a) Bng tng hp khi lng
- Bng tng hp khi lng bao trm ton b cc hng mc xy lp (mc ch tng
hp tnh d ton chung): nn ng, mt ng, cng trnh thot nc (cng, cu
nh, rnh), an ton giao thng, nt giao, cc cng trnh ph tr
- Bng tng hp khi lng tng hng mc cng trnh: nn ng, mt ng, cng
trnh thot nc (cng, cu nh, rnh), an ton giao thng, nt giao, cc cng trnh
ph tr
- Bng khi lng mi thu (Bill of Quantity B.O.Q) theo quy nh, ch dn k thut
ca D n.
b) Bng khi lng chi tit
- Bng khi lng chi tit nn mt ng theo tng Km.
- (Khi lng chi tit ca cc hng mc cng trnh khc th hin trong bn v).
5. D ton, tng d ton
a) Thuyt minh d ton
- Nhng cn c lp d ton, tng d ton
- Kt qu d ton: gi tr xy lp, chi ph khc, d phng, thu, tng d ton.
b) Cc ti liu lin quan n lp d ton
- Thng bo gi vt liu ti a phng, s m vt liu, bng d ton ca my, bng
lng
c) Bng tng hp kinh ph d ton xy lp
- Bng tng hp bao trm ton b cc hng mc khi lng xy lp, n gi tng hp,
gi tr thnh tin: nn ng, mt ng, cng trnh thot nc (cng, cu nh,
rnh), an ton giao thng, nt giao, cc cng trnh ph tr
d) Phn tch n gi d ton tng hng mc
6. H s kho st
a) Thuyt minh
- Kho st tuyn (bnh , trc dc, trc ngang)
- Kho st a cht cng trnh
- Kho st a cht - thu vn
- Kho st thu vn
- Kh nng cung cp vt liu
b) Bn v
- Bn hng tuyn: t l 1: 25.000 - 1:50.000
- Bnh tuyn: t l 1: 2000, c y a hnh, a vt, v tr cc mc cao , to
- Trc dc tuyn: t l 1: 2000

56
- Trc ngang chi tit tuyn: t l 1: 200

c) Cc ti liu khc
- Bn tnh lu lng, khu cc cng trnh thot nc nh
- Bng thng k s liu o c cc yu t hnh hc tuyn ng
- Bng thng k v cng tc gii phng mt bng
- Bng thng k cng trnh thot nc ton tuyn
- Bng thng k v tr cc ng giao
- Cc bo co v a cht, thu vn
57
D5-3
CNG TC THIT K TRONG D N

GIAO THNG NNG THN 3
Mc ch
Rt ra bi hc kinh nghim trong cng tc thit k ng v cc cng
trnh trn ng. T , vn dng nhng hiu bit thit k tuyn ng
GTNT v cc cng trnh thot nc, thit b an ton ng b trong cc
iu kin c th v a hnh v cc iu kin khc ni tuyn i qua.
Gii thiu
Phn o to ny s gii thiu cc tnh hung thit k hnh hc ng, cc h thng
an ton ng b, cc cng trnh thot nc, cc kt cu mt ng c thit k
trong D n GTNT3 cc vng a hnh khc nhau. Qua cc ti liu thit k in hnh
ca D n GTNT 3, hc vin s nh gi trn cc kha cnh khc nhau v a ra gii
php thit k tt nht trong cc tnh hung khc nhau.
Tnh hung 1 : Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an

ton ng b trong vng trung du
Trong chng trnh nm th nht ca d n GTNT 3 thc hin ti tnh Bc Kn,
tuyn ng Bng Vin , x Phng Vin, huyn Ch n c thit k vi quy m
ng giao thng nng thn loi A c thit k hnh hc on t Km 0+00 Km 0 +
290.44 nh sau :
58
59
Bnh dui thng on tuyn Km 0+00 Km 0 +290.44
TC2
H1
10
CD4
12
TC5
P6
13
50 23
50 99
49 93 50 04
mc: t ti gc nh 2 tng, bn tri tuyn

cch cc 1: 10,5m; C: 50.0048 81
48 45
52 98
50 80
50 14
53 66
51 68
49 35
49 40
49 14
53
50 25
rung
49 82
50 27 49 72
rung
51 3051 39
51 68
49 87
49 14
51 48
49 67
49 16 49 67 50 82 49 71
49 2949 36 49 47 49 5749 49
67 71
49 4449 36 49 32 49 6249 49
77 51
49 6449 16
49 17
49 52
48 75
49 62
49 11
49 84
49 40
49 75 49 80
49 40 50 00
49 60
49 60
49 30
KM0
50 04
50 28 50 34
49 68 49 84
m-ng thu li
rung
49 45
rung
49 35
50 00
49 55
50
49 84
49 68 46 34
46 48
49 55
50 23
50 58
49 93
49 93
46 23
14
50 84
51 19
46 59
50 90
50 80
50 80
50 80
46 95
47 40
46 89
48 09
47 15
47 50
49 45
49 80
49 45
49 80
m-ng thu li
51 0051 04
47 4047 74
51 28
48 58
47 60
47 94
50 0050 34
48 08
49 68
cng tl c
49 39
46 23
46 54
46 48
P2
TD2
51 1051 39
50 00
50 64
52 36
CD3
Mt ct dc on tuyn Km 0+00 Km 0 +290.44

60
53 45
52 06
53 16 16
51
51 36 51 25
51 51 95
51 71
86
49 61 50
25
48 46 49 95
48 76
rung
52 08
52 08
51 08
49 58
48 78
48 46
48 76
50 55 48 98
53 14 53
52 39 52
52
52 29
ao
52 29 52
48 69 48
50 96
50 18
52 55
48 79 48
11
5
53 14
53 45
P5
H2
TD5
TD6
C ly cng dn (m)
Tn cc
L trnh
on thng - on cong
KM0 2 TD2 P2
5
1 3
4 TC2
H0
6
7
H1
H1
A=171d50'0''
R=99.91 K=28.48
T=7.13 P=0.25
61
177d0'0''
225.50
246.32
251.32
254.31
262.30
22.26
25.50
179d8'0''
20.82
10
11H2
CD4
H2
12
TD5 P5
13 TC5
20.46
7.68
52.39
52.58
51.71
51.86
51.95
52.08
52.45
52.58
51.82
51.91
51.96
52.09
51.46
51.14
51.19
1.07%
52.56
5.00
2.99
7.99
51.28
51.00
51.04
50.90
50.84
0.60%
52.90
4.80
50.80
50.80
50.76
50.58
50.42
50.34
0.08
0.00
0.06
0.00
0.11
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.18
0.14
0.15
0.15
0.10
0.04
0.08
0.06
0.11
0.12
0.16
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.09
0.10
0.12
0.13
Cng bn c B:0.5m (tn dng)

Km 0+149.84
282.76
290.44
195.20
200.00
CD3
172.94
10.70
12.40
29.80
162.24
20.04
50.84
50.58
50.34
50.28
0.82%
93.56
149.84
120.04
28.00
100.00
22.00
9.30
50.11
C ly l (m)
50.00
49.41
49.46
49.47
49.58
49.70
49.76
49.81
49.87
49.93
Cao tim -ng (m)
49.29
49.30
49.36
49.47
49.57
49.67
49.71
49.75
49.80
1.51%
26.48
90.70
62.70
Cao thit k (m)
3.30
1.00
6.70
8.36
4.08
3.04
7.12
7.10
Dc dc thit k (%)/(m)
0.00
3.30
4.30
11.00
19.36
23.44
26.48
33.60
40.70
Cng TL B = 0.40m ( lm mi)

Km 0+62.7
Km 0+290.44
Rnh phi (m)

Rnh tri (m)
1.72%
64.94
TD6
P6
Mt ct ngang ti mt s cc
Cc:P2
Km:0+26.48
Cc:KM0
Km:Km 0+00
R=99.9
it=-2.00%
ip=2.00%
w=0.00
1.55 1.75
49.21
0.20
1.80
0.15
0.40
0.15
49.71
49.71
49.81
49.31
49.81
49.51
49.84
49.71
0.10
49.81
49.73
49.78
0.07
62
49.71
49.11
11.45
49.91
9.20
48.97
49.76
49.64
2.00
49.81
2.60
49.44
49.44
49.38
0.09
49.29
10.00
1.50 1.50
0.20
5.00
1.50 1.50
1.20
Khong cch mia
49.14
Cao thin nhin
49.14
K.cch l thit k
2% 2%
49.44
0.17
Cao thit k
49.41
49.26
49.38
0.12
2% 2%
12.55
Khong cch mia

12.70
0.20
2.10
2.10
12.00
0.20
63
11.15
1.00
0.20
0.60
0.20
1.85 1.80
52.28
52.48
52.18
52.18
52.48
52.28
0.09
1.50 1.50
0.30
0.30
0.20
0.20
52.55
52.49
52.58
52.73
52.61
0.35
2% 2%
0.00
0.08
2% 2%
52.58
52.93
52.93
52.23
52.93
52.73
53.13
53.13
49.57
49.84
50.42
50.45
50.41
50.34
50.34
50.39
0.05
1.50 1.50
50.44
50.44
49.94
50.44
49.84
0.07
K.cch l thit k
50.34
50.04
Cao thit k
0.15
0.40
0.15
Cao thin nhin

50.04
Cc:H1
Km:0+100
Cc:P6
Km:0+290.44
R=99.9
it=2.00%
ip=-2.00%
w=0.00
12.20
Tnh hung 2 : Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an

ton ng b trong vng ni
Trong chng trnh nm th nht ca d n GTNT 3 thc hin ti tnh Bc Kn, tuyn
ng Bng Vin , x Phng Vin, huyn Ch n c thit k vi quy m ng
giao thng nng thn loi A c thit k hnh hc on t Km 0+321.16 Km 0 +
574.42 nh sau :
64
Bnh dui thng on tuyn Km 0+321.16 Km 0 +574.42
P7
P8
15
H4
TC9
P10
TD11
TC7
H5
P12
TC11
79 19
62 81
53 91 53 75
58 80
53 16
54 60
55 92
54 15
54 30
55 92
54 92
54 50
54 37
53 47
53 30
56 14
58 80
55 69
55 14
57 10
57 20
57 10
54 34
57 90
52
52 17
67
M-ng
64 26
58 6160 4061 31
58 3158 9059 56
58 8659 2559 16
58 66
58 5658 85
63 16
60 96
59 26
53 84
53 16 53 00
55 60
66 00
63 10
67 89
66 89
64 49
65 81
65 36
50 86
50 69 50 95 50 03 49 7450 08
72 06
70 86
58 14
57 76
82 2984 23
79 1981 03
77 6979 53
68 3468 58
67 9468 28
51 04
v-n
52 16
54 0654 3551 46
96 37
94 57
78 89 79 85 81 33
80 82
76 19 77 05 78 33
74 99 75 65 77 72
66 49
66 49 67 20 67 83
66 39 67 45 62 22
70 39
62 40
55 86
56 40
rung
53 30
61 10
61 81
94 11
82 87
86 02
67 60
52 81 53 97
53 65
5326
53 26 53 62
97
52 06 52
98 32 98 82
99 01
92 08
78 16
58 6161 40
TD13
96 23
55 44
56 34
90 85 93 83 95 29
96 73
93 32
67 26
54 85
56 92
86 39
18
73 10
62 40
52 91
83 66
TC13
85 62
86 01
82 42 82 62
82 71 81 02
68 69
82 91 70 02
68 8969 69
03 02
68 8969 03
65 91 68 62
50 8950 93
50 12
50 90
50 90
81 57
78 21
76 61
68 61
68 66
67 56
78 07
76 37
68 27
68 32
67 12
50 06
50 12
51 38
50 42
51 68
78 58
78 07
73 98
67 98
67 98
67 88
72 97
67 17
67 22
67 22
55 22
p tl
52 06
50 49 50 75 49 83 49 84
53 25 51 93 51 9451 68
52 67
50 4950 63
52 59 49 92
52 12
48 60
81 61
50 34
52 43
50 36
52 4452 18
50 26
51 76
52 12
51 72
53 48
53 19
TC12
14
TD8
TC8
TD9
P9
TD10
TC10
16
P11
65
17
TD12
TD14
P13
C ly cng dn (m)
Tn cc
P7
14
TC7
TD8
TC8
66
15
TD9 P9
H4
H4
TC9
TD10
P10
10.65
18.29
TC10
on thng - on cong
Mt ct dc on tuyn Km 0+321.16 Km 0 +574.42

P11 16 TD12 17 TC12
TD11 TC11 H5
P12 18
H5
574.42
10.59
9.14
67.22
67.98
68.32
67.53
68.09
68.50
7.56%
563.83
22.66
554.69
76.65
9.14
46.24
68.78
11.87%
68.66
66.68
67.28
67.81
67.91
68.27
68.49
68.77
68.84
68.89
68.93
65.29
64.40
Y=64.49-0.09=64.40
Y=68.09-0.00=68.09
Y=68.58-0.08=68.50
Y=69.07-0.29=68.78
Y=69.61-0.84=68.77
Y=69.83-0.99=68.84
Y=70.06-1.17=68.89
Y=70.28-1.35=68.93
Y=68.55-0.28=68.27
Y=68.94-0.45=68.49
Y=67.28-0.00=67.28
Y=67.89-0.08=67.81
Y=68.02-0.11=67.91
MSS: 60.96
545.55
66.49
67.20
67.83
68.02
68.34
68.58
68.89
69.01
69.03
69.02
65.81
64.49
63.23
Y=59.00+0.03=59.03
0.52
0.13
0.09
0.11
0.14
0.23
0.17
0.31
0.11
0.18
0.12
0.15
0.13
0.09
0.19
0.08
0.02
0.11
0.07
0.09
0.12
0.17
0.14
0.09
T=8.55 P=0.09
R=400.00 Di=0.04
475.18
8.01
483.19
8.01
491.20 1.75
492.95 7.05
500.00 5.11
505.11
8.89
514.00
516.89 2.89
3.00
519.89 3.00
522.89
456.89
18.85
446.24
63.10
60.99
43.29
10.65
60.96
58.46
59.03
59.65
9.42%
11.23
58.31
58.90
59.56
57.37
Y=55.80+0.00=55.80
Y=54.92+0.14=55.06
Y=54.53+0.00=54.53
0.18
0.11
0.13
0.03
Cng bn c B:0.75m (tn dng)

Km 0+328.14
435.59
416.74
16.60
5.72
5.51
57.20
55.80
35.55
11.61
55.69
55.06
4.16%
394.28
400.00
405.51
P8
366.07
9.36
9.36
18.01
54.92
54.53
54.30
C ly l (m)
356.71
53.44
53.73
53.78
Cao tim -ng (m)
53.26
53.62
53.65
347.35
Cao thit k (m)
6.98
1.20
T=10.48 P=0.14
R=400.00 Di=0.05
382.67
L trnh
321.16
328.14
329.34
T=4.84 P=0.03
R=400.00 Di=0.02
T=41.95 P=1.35
R=650.00 Di=0.13
Kt cu mt -ng dm
lng nha, t/c nha 3 kg/m2.
Rnh tri (m)
Rnh phi (m)
71.07
5.35%
P13
TD14
TD13
TC13
Mt ct ngang ti mt s cc
Cc:16
Km:0+492.95
Cc:TD12
Km:0+505.11
67
3.00
1.75
68.45
68.43
68.43
2.50
8.10
49.97
50.08
68.28
68.58
1.50
0.50
0.76
68.49
0.09
68.68
68.53
3.80
1.50
0.50
6.00
79.53
81.03
68.53
68.43
68.45
5.75
84.18
0.20
0.50
6.10
48.85
48.92
67.87
67.85
0.48
68.02
68.02
1.75
67.72
62.22
67.91
1.50
3% 4%
4% 3%
0.45
3.30
1.50
0.40
1.00
6.00
1.50
68.22
68.22
67.82
67.82
68.02
68.22
67.85
67.87
3.10
0.40
0.10
0.40
0.20
Khong cch mia
77.72
Cao thin nhin
80.82
K.cch l thit k
82.43
Cao thit k
0.60
0.50
0.11
R=60.0
it=-3.00%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
68.58
3% 4%
4% 3%
3.90
4.10
7.00
1.80
2.70
6.10
5.90
68
6.40
4.50
2.70
1.60
2.50
4.60
55.37
57.76
59.00
60.94
60.93
0.50
60.96
1:0.
50
0.03
0.50%
59.26
60.99
63.22
61.00
61.00
60.60
60.60
61.00
61.00
1.11
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.50
1.50 1.50
60.96
60.86
60.86
61.06
63.16
0.13
R=40.0
it=4.00%
ip=-4.00%
w=0.00
1.00
0.20
0.20
64.26
65.17
57.16
58.85
59.25
58.97
58.95
58.55
58.55
58.95
59.24
1.50 1.50
0.50
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.15
59.03
4%
0.30
59.05
58.90
58.80
58.80
59.00
60.50
59.11
59.11
58.71
58.71
59.11
59.09
0.70
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.50
K.cch l thit k
0.60
0.30
0.20
60.40
61.10
59.30
Cao thit k
4%
50
1:0.
Khong cch mia

1.00
50
1:0.
Cao thin nhin

59.30
Cc:H4
Km:0+400
Cc:TC9
Km:0+416.74
R=40.0
it=0.50%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
3%
2.89
6.30
Tnh hung 3 : Thit k kt cu mt ng cng

giao thng nng thn loi A. on tuyn t Km 0+00 Km 0 + 290.44 thit k mt
ng b tng xi mng nh sau :
69
mt bng tm b tng
T l : 1/50
II
II
cu to khe dn
kt cu mt -ng
1
3
4
5
5
cu to khe co
3
1/2 cu to khe dn
70
1/2 cu to khe co
Tnh hung 4 : Thit k h thng thot nc dc

giao thng nng thn loi A. Rnh thot nc dc on t Km 1+138.93 Km 1 +
287.20 c b tr v thit k nh sau :
TC5
P4
TD5
TD6 TC6
TD7 TC7 P8 H3
65 78
66 10
65 73
68 00
65 56
65 78
74 18
68 82
65 56
66 28
68 33
68 78
68 28
72 73
73 23
73 13
73 88
74 18
74 96
75 11
75 03
66 43
71 37
72 10
73 37
74 00
76 77
77 93
80 81
84 13
88 36
92 43
89 40
94 98
76
76
79
80
83 80
74
77
77
79
81
20
20
10
60
77
78
78
78
81
82
52
02
52
92
42
84 62
83 80
78
78
93
93
03
33
85 13
82
81
80
80
83
84
80
10
40
20
15
45
88 17
86 83
83 21
85 33
83
83
83
87
88
82 42
81 68 82 22
86 72
85 98
31
31
21
60
90
98 12
97 60
H2 P6
97 63
97 90
99 05
P7 TD8 TC8
TD9
T=10.58 P=0.11
R=500.00 Di=0.04
Km 1+287.20
0.38
Km 1+138.93
83 34
83 34
87 84
89 04
95 94
96 68
98 30
78 49
91 44
87 05
95 31
98 63
TC4
P5
73 10
60
70
90
40
68 04
85 30
68 30
78 88
80 48
71 71
89 97
69 00
69 50
75
75
78
80
68 04
88 57
85 43
0.22
06
06
76
76
06
86
66 48
67 47
67 75
83 10
66 10
65 73
65 37
68
68
70
70
72
74
rung
66 16
0.24
65 37
T=9.23 P=0.21
R=200.00 Di=0.09
0.21
0.24
0.11
0.07
0.11
0.11
Y=83.21-0.21=83.00
Y=77.63+0.11=77.74
Y=75.09-0.09=75.00
Y=75.23-0.11=75.12
Y=75.77-0.01=75.77
0.10
Y=74.08-0.00=74.08
0.09
0.06
0.00
0.04 0.00
0.08
0.07
0.11
T=10.67 P=0.11
R=500.00 Di=0.04
rnh xy
Rnh tri (m)

rnh xy
Rnh phi (m)

6.58%
10.84%
71
81.57
82.15
83.00
80.44
51.48
79.31
36.46
75.00
75.12
75.77
76.31
74.08
72.10
72.23
73.15
27.58
77.74
10.88%
32.75
70.70
Cao thit k (m)
12.86%
68.02
69.30
rnh gia c xy
(t l 1/25)
30
40
30
25
40
25
65
hc xy va xm m75
65
72
73
74
1.50 1.50
1.10
75
1.50 1.50
0.50
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.25
86.29
81.52
81.51
81.11
81.11
81.51
81.51
81.57
0.11
1:0.
50
0.38
1:0.
50
3%
81.69
0.06
0.25 81.58
81.58
0.30
0.40 81.18
81.18
0.30
0.50 81.58
81.57
79.26
79.25
78.85
78.85
79.25
79.25
81.45
79.31
0.50%
0.50
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.25
78.93
79.32
79.32
50
1:0.
0.58
0.50
R=40.0
it=0.50%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
R=40.0
it=0.50%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
0.50% 3%
2.39
1.50
1.50
0.50
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.25
3.07
1.85
76
0.50
1.50
1.50
0.50
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.25
1:0
.50
1:0
.50
R=15.0
it=0.50%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
89.07
83.32
83.30
82.91
82.91
83.30
83.30
0.03
0.07
0.50% 3%
83.36
83.37
83.37
83.37
88.22
82.10
82.09
81.69
81.69
82.09
82.09
82.15
.50
82.37
82.16
82.16
81.76
81.76
82.16
82.15
1:0
0.11
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.30
0.50
R=15.0
it=0.50%
ip=-3.00%
w=0.00
0.50% 3%
2.88
Tnh hung 5 : Thit k cng thot nc

giao thng nng thn loi A. Cng thot nc ti l trnh Km 0 + 957.53 c b tr
v thit k nh sau :
Cng c
0.75m (lm mi)
Km 0+957.53
tn cc
L trnh
0.00
0.08 0.18
0.03
65.25
65.25
64.74
64.90
65.06
1000.00
7.60
7.60
9.09
12.81
64.56
64.98
65.09
64.70
64.50
64.47
64.47
64.55
7.90
7.37
2.00
5.37
940.26
948.16
955.53
957.53
962.90
13.19
64.49
64.39
64.37
64.37
64.28
65.50
13.19
927.07
2.12%
18.18
24.29
975.71
983.31
990.91
0.12%
1.46%
17.27
65.26
66.38
66.69
66.67
66.86
66.90
66.45
913.88
C ly cng dn (m)
3.80
10.08
C ly l (m)
40.26
900.00
903.80
Cao tim -ng (m)
0.21
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.27
7.69%
Cao thit k (m)
0.24
0.07
0.23
T=11.35 P=0.21
R=300.00 Di=0.08
H9 TD22
TC22 P23 TC23 P24
KM1
24
P22
TD23 25 TD24 TC24
H9
H0
on thng - on cong
77
78
79
D5-4
THIT K NG GTNT THEO QUAN

IM TI U HA MI TRNG
Mc ch
Hiu c cc yu t mi trng ng b, tm quan trng ca vn
mi trng trong qu trnh thit k ng, t c nhn thc v vn
thit k ng b ti u ho mi trng.
4.1
Gii thiu
Phn o to ny s gii thiu v cc yu t mi trng ng b v thit k ti u.

Trn c s a ra phng n, trnh t ni dung thit k tuyn v la chn kt cu
mt ng cho ph hp nht vi mi trng.
4.2
Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b v Thit k ti u
4.2.1
Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b
4.2.1.1Cc d liu chung v mi trng ng b

- Cc yu t mi trng ng b cn phi c cn nhc m bo thit k c
chn c hiu qu v mt chi ph v bn vng v mt k thut, x hi v kinh t. Tuy
nhin, cc k s thit k cng cn hiu tt c cc nh hng khc t bn ngoi i vi
thit k, v nhn ra mc nh hng do cc ch s ny gy ra. Trn thc t, kh
nng hot ng ca tuyn ng ph thuc vo mt lot cc yu t c gi chung
l mi trng ng b. Cc yu t quan trng i vi mi trng ng b c
th c phn nhm nh sau:
Vt liu sn c - ti a phng v c c ly vn chuyn tit kim
Cc yu t mi trng t nhin - hu nh khng kim sot c
Nhim v ca tuyn ng
Mi trng hot ng - hu nh c th kim sot c
- Thit k ng nng thn ph hp cn cn nhc n nhng tc ng v nh hng
do cc yu t mi trng ng b khc nhau v nhn chung l nn xem xt vic ti
u ho nhng c im ng b khc nhau. Tm quan trng ca mi trng ng
b tr nn su sc hn khi cn nhc ti vic s dng cc phng php phi tiu chun
i vi cc tuyn ng lu lng thp ti cc vng ang pht trin.
80
4.2.1.2Cc d liu cn bn v phng php thu thp

Thng tin chung v mi trng ng b c thu thp trc khi tin hnh thit k.
Di y l mt s d liu cn bn cho thit k v cch thu thp:
- Kh hu: Kh hu ph bin s nh hng ti s cung cp v vn chuyn ca nc.
Kh hu nh hng n ng di hnh thc xi l trc tip khi thot nc, nh
hng n ch nc ngm (thu vn), ch m t trong mt ng, v kh
nng tip cn bo dng. Thng tin chnh v iu kin kh hu l lng ma c
thu thp t s liu thng k ca cc tnh, Cc Kh tng Thu vn v website ca
Tng cc thng k (www.gso.gov.vn).
- a hnh : a hnh phn nh lch s a cht hoc a mo hc. Ngoi nh hng r
rng ca n i vi cp hnh hc tuyn ng, cc c im v a hnh cng s
phn nh v nh hng n mc xut hin v loi t hin ti. a hnh cn nh
hng ti cc bin php thot nc cn thit cho mt on ng c th. Kha cnh
quan trng ny cn c quan tm khi thit k ng cho mi trng c lng ma
cao. Thng tin quan trng v a hnh l dc dc tuyn ng c thu thp bng
cch o c nh l mt phn ca cng tc kho st a k thut.
- Thu vn : S tng tc ca nc bn trong hoc gn vi kt cu ng c nh
hng rt ln n kh nng hot ng ca ng. Thng tin v mc nc thc t v
nguy c l lt c thu thp bng cch quan st, o c v iu tra nh l mt phn
ca cng tc kho st a k thut
- Nn ng: Nn ng chnh l lp nn mng ca mt ng v do vy m vic
nh gi tnh trng ca n l cc k quan trng. Cn thu thp y cc thng tin v
nn/mt ng hin ti bao gm kch thc hnh hc, chiu dy v loi vt liu cc
lp nn/mt ng c bit l cng nn ng. c th thu thp y v
chnh xc cc d liu ny cn phi thc hin cng tc kho st tnh trng ng kt
hp vi vic thc hin mt s th nghim hin trng v ly mu th nghim vt liu
trong phng.
Trong Chng trnh TNMNT kho st hin trng c tin hnh da trn biu mu
kho st tiu chun (Mu A1). Cng nn ng hin ti c th c xc nh
bng th nghim ti ch s dng thit b chu xuyn ng (DCP) hoc cc th nghim
xc nh cng nn ng theo tiu chun Vit Nam nh xc nh m un n hi
bng tm p cng cng c th c cn nhc s dng i vi nhng ni m vic s
dng chy xuyn ng b hn ch hoc i chng kt qu.
Chi tit v th nghim xc nh cng nn ng bng chu xuyn ng c trnh
by ti Mdun E5 ca ti liu ny.
- Vt liu ti ngun: c tnh, c im k thut v v tr ca vt liu thi cng l cc
kha cnh quan trng i vi vic nh gi mi trng ng b. Cn tin hnh iu
tra, kho st v vt liu sn c thu thp cc thng tin chung v cc ngun cung cp
vt liu (m vt liu hoc cc i l) nh c ly vn chuyn v kh nng cung cp.
Ti mi ngun cung cp vt liu cn nh gi bng mt thng kt hp vi ly mu
th nghim xc nh cc c trng tnh ton ca vt liu t nh gi s ph hp
ca vt liu i vi cc phng n mt ng.
81
- C ch Giao thng: Cn nh gi mt cch y nh hng ca giao thng i

vi kh nng hot ng ca kt cu. Mc xung cp ca ng c mt di tc
ng ca giao thng s ty thuc vo cng ca tng loi ti trng bnh xe v s
ln tc ng ca cc mc ti trng ny. thu thp cc d liu ny cn tin hnh
kho st m xe trn cc tuyn ng c thit k ban u theo m hnh 12 gi - 3
ngy bng phng php m xe th cng s dng mu kho st giao thng tiu
chun. Khi lu lng giao thng c nhiu thay i th nn s dng m hnh m xe
12 gi 7 ngy.
4.2.2 Khi nim v thit k ti u mi trng
Ti u ha mi trng l khi nim kh rng lin quan n vic xem xt la chn
gii php thit k ph hp vi iu kin t nhin ca khu vc v iu kin giao thng
ca tuyn, m bo gii php thit k cho kh nng lm vic tt ca con ng, ca
kt cu trong iu kin khai thc thc t, s dng ngun vt liu a phng m bo
gim gi thnh thi cng. Ngoi ra, khi nim v thit k ti u mi trng cn cp
n vic xem xt cc gii php thit k to kh nng gim thiu cc nh hng n
mi trng t nhin v x hi ca khu vc tuyn trong thi gian thi cng cng trnh v
trong thi k khai thc.
Vn tm phng n ti u ca kt cu v cc my mc cng cu, vic ti u ho cc
ch lm vic ca cc thit b, cc kt cu cng trnh v.v m bo kt cu xy
dng ti u theo tiu chun gi thnh r nht hay m bo an ton v ph hp nht vi
mt ch s mi trng nht nh.
Khi xt mi i tng thit k, chng ta u c th nu ra tiu chun cht lng (hoc
hiu ng) i vi i tng . ng nhin, trong qu trnh thit k chng ta lun c
gng t c gi tr tt nht ca tiu chun ny.
4.3 Thit k tuyn trong ng GTNT theo quan im ti u ho

mi trng
4.3.1
Sng lc mi trng cc tuyn ng a vo k hoch nm
Sau khi tin hnh cng tc Tham vn cng ng khng chnh thc thu thp thng
tin d liu t ngi dn hai bn tuyn ng hay cc c quan qun l nh nc v
mi trng a phng. Ban QLDA Tnh (PPMU) lp mt danh sch cc tuyn
ng xut a vo d n v a vo K hoch nm ban u ( AWP). Cc tuyn
ng trong k hoch Nm ban u c sng lc xc nh xem l c nm trong khu
vc nhy cm v mi trng khng.
Phn ln cc d n ci to ng giao thng nng thn l n gin v khng nm
trong cc khu vc nhu cm v mi trng. Cc d n ci to ng ny thuc loi II
v yu cu phi c bn ng k t tiu chun mi trng ( RMES) do S Ti
nguyn mi trng (DONRE) cp. Bt k tuyn ng no nm trong khu vc nhy
cm v mi trng m tr li c theo quy trnh th tc trnh by trong Ph chng
10.2A th s c lit vo cc d n loi I. Cc tuyn ng ny yu cu phi lp mt
bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (EIA) v phi c S Ti nguyn mi trng (
DONRE) ph duyt
82
Sau khi tin hnh sng lc cc tuyn ng trong K hoch nm ban u, cc chuyn
gia k thut v mi trng ( TSE ) thuc Ban QLDA Tnh s tng hp k hoch sng
lc trong Ph chng 10.2A ca mi tuyn ng gi cho ngi lp k hoch cng
tc nm ca Ban QLDA Tnh.
Ngi lp K hoch cng tc nm ca Ban QLDA Tnh sau s thng qua cng tc
sng lc v tp hp cc tuyn ng a vo trong D tho K hoch nm.
Hai hot ng s ng thi din ra trong thi gian ny nh sau :
- Cng khai bn tho k hoch nm ti tr s UBND tnh 7 ngy trc khi trnh
UBND tnh ph duyt k hoch nm ( y l cng vic chung ca D n).
- Gi bn copy k hoch sng lc mi trng ti S TNMT bit thng tin.
Sau khi c UBND Tnh ph duyt, D tho k hoch Nm s tr thnh K hoch
Nm chnh thc.
4.3.2
Th tc sng lc ban u v mi trng
Trich dn th tc sng lc ban u v mi trng (Theo s tay iu hnh D n

GTNT3 c a vo Ph lc 4)
4.4 La chn kt cu mt ng theo quan im ti u ho mi

trng
4.4.1
Cc vn ch cht
4.4.1.1-Mt cp phi khng lng mt

n mi gn y, gii php p dng chung cho nng cp ng nng thn ti cc nc
ang pht trin vn l ng cp phi. Xt b ngoi, c sc thuyt phc l chi ph ban
u thp, i c cc ma, k thut n gin n mc cc cng ng c th t t chc
thi cng ng. Tuy nhin, khim khuyt lin i n ng cp phi th hin ngy
cng tng ln v r rng.
Cn c nhiu tnh hung ni cp phi vn cn ph hp v kh nng vi phng n
mt ng nng thn lu lng thp. Tuy nhin, trong nhng nm gn y nghin cu
ti Vit Nam xc nh mt s hn ch trong s dng cp phi v nu r phm vi s
dng cc phng n c minh chng c tip cn bn vng hn. Mi phng n
ph hp ph thuc vo hon cnh v mi trng a phng.
C quy tc xa l Vi lu lng ti 50 xe ngy (vpd) th s dng mt ng t, 50200 xe ngy th dng ng cp phi v trn na l ng lng mt. Tip cn ny
cha tnh n yu t mi trng a phng, vt liu a phng, c li vn chuyn,
dc dc tuyn v cc ch cao hn ca a phng lin quan n gi thnh v xung
cp ca tuyn ng v do nh hng n la chn k thut.
Trn on tuyn no , c th c t t nhin khng chu ti c, c bit khi tri
ma. C th c t ti ch khc vi cng v c trng chu c lng giao thng
vi trng thi t nhin ca n nu nh hnh dng mt ng v thot nc ph hp.
V th vt liu a phng, c trng v mi trng ti ch nh hng ln hn cng
tc thit k ph hp, khng phi lu lng xe, v nh lm ln l 50 vpd l mc chuyn
tip ca mt ng t hay cp phi.
83
4.4.1.2-Vt liu
Cc vt liu s dng trong thi cng v bo dng ng l ngun ti nguyn quan
trng v t tin m n khng phi l v hn v hu nh khng ti to c. Trng
thi t nhin, c trng k thut v a im l cc yu t thit yu trong vic nh gi
bt k ng nng thn lu lng thp no. S cn thit qun l v mt ti chnh
ngun ti nguyn khan him l ph bin s dng vt liu a phng l cn thit cho
ng nng thn lu lng thp (LVRRs). S dng vt liu ph hp l u tin nu
nh ngun d tr l hn ch hoc cht lng khng m bo.
Mt nguyn l c bn hoc mt thng bo cn thit t nghin cu hin nay l vt liu
thi cng ng ph hp cn c la chn vi phng chm Ph hp theo nhu cu;
iu ny lin quan n vic thc hin yu cu thc tin. C s cn thit m bo rng
cc vt liu c s dng khng c di tiu chun v cng khng lng ph trn
qu mc tiu chun i hi yu cu k thut ca chng.
Chng trnh th nghim vt liu c khc nhau v quy m v phm vi, ph thuc vo
loi d n ng v cng vic lin i. Tuy nhin, thm ch vi cc d n ng nng
thn lu lng thp vi mc tiu hn ch, th nghim vt liu khng c thay i ty
tin, nhng phi c lp trnh hp l v mc tiu ti thiu c thc hin nhm:
Kh nng chu ti ca vt liu c m nn,
Th tch n nh khi b ngm nc- lm kh,
bn vng v cng ca vt liu (Vt liu ht).
Ni c vn v vt liu t chun, hoc thiu vt liu, th k s thit k c th khc
phc bng cch phi hp cc gii php:
iu chnh tiu chun v thit k ng ph hp vi vt liu ti ch (V d
chiu dy cc lp, tng mc m nn, lng l).
iu chnh hoc chnh sa vt liu ph hp vi tiu chun k thut thc t
(V d nh gia c vt liu bng c hc hoc ha hc).
4.4.1.3-B tr bo dng v ngun vn
Theo kinh nghim ca Vit Nam n nay ch ra rng kh nng v phn b cho bo
dng ng nng thn lu lng thp ni chung cn xa mi p ng c. iu ny
lin quan n nhiu yu t phc tp v tng tc ln nhau, tuy nhin c th tm tt m
t nh sau:
Ngun vn khng v khng n nh,
Trch nhim v b tr t chc khng r rng,
nh gi khng y tm quan trng ca bo dng (hu qu v kinh t,

x hi khi khng c bo dng),
Nng lc thc hin khng y , bo co v theo di cc hot ng bo

dng,
Thiu yu cu v khi lng, nng xut v nh mc chi ph cho bo dng

ng nng thn lu lng thp,
84
Hng dn qun l v k thut bo dng ng nng thn lu lng thp

cha c ph bin.
Thiu hng dn v kin thc c bin son vi nhu cu bo dng thch

hp cho ng nng thn lu lng thp,
Thiu nng ng v s hp tc vi cc bn hng li chnh ch ra v gii

quyt cc thch thc v bo dng.
Nhng yu t ny do bi cung cp khng y v bo dng thng xuyn gn nh

vi tt c cc ng nng thn lu lng thp trong cc nc thnh vin chng trnh
SEACAP, v thm na s bt lc nghim trng trong vic cung cp y cho cng
tc bo dng nh k yu cu ri li cp phi ca mng li ng cp phi (t,
rng ln v cn thit)
S c ch khi xy dng sng kin ch ra nhng thch thc v bo dng nh nu
trn. Trong khi ch i, khi Chi ph ton b tui th c a vo thc hin, vic
nh gi thc tin ca ngun lc v kh nng dnh cho bo dng s cn c thc
hin t c vic nh gi thc t chi ph ton b tui th.
Cc phng n mt ng so vi cp phi ni chung c yu cu bo dng thp hn.
Cng tc bo dng c bn bao gm tt c cc kt cu trn b mt ca ng, v nh
sa l ng, kim sot cy c, v sinh h thng rnh thot nc v sa cha do xi
l, khi lng ny l tng t vi tt c cc loi mt ng nng thn lu lng thp.
Tuy nhin s c cc yu cu nhiu hn v v sinh thot nc mt ng khng lng
mt, nh vt liu ri ca mt ng s c qut n tn phm vi rnh bn.
4.4.1.4-C s h tng bn vng
Bn vng l g?
Thut ng Bn vng trong bi cnh c s h tng nng thn thng c s dng
n thun ch l thut ng v gii php k thut v cng trnh. iu ny l khc bit
nh c trong thc t, so vi t bn vng trong d n ng b ring bit.
H tr
chnh
quyn
Mi trng
bn vng
Chp thun
ca x hi
Tiu chun d phng

bn vng ng nng
thn LLT
Ti chnh
y
Kh nng
t chc
K thut ph
hp
Kinh t bn
vng
85
Tr khi tt c cc thnh phn ca bn vng l y , th d n ng s em li li

ch di hn cho cng ng nng thn.
H tr chnh quyn; d n ng cn s h tr r rng ti cc cp chnh quyn
lin quan (UBND x, UBND huyn, UBND tnh) cng nh cp B.
Chp thun ca x hi Ngi dn a phng (ngi hng li) phi c li
di hn t con ng.
Kinh t bn vng nn kinh t hng li t vic s dng ng (v d, cc c
hi pht trin) cn ln hn chi ph lm iu (v d, chi ph o to cn b
v mua sm cc thit b cn thit)
Ti chnh y Cn c ngun vn ti ch cho xy lp v bo dng di
hn tuyn ng.
Kh nng t chc cc t chc v cn b chu trch nhim cho cng tc thi
cng v bo dng ng cn c ngun lc v kin thc cn thit.
K thut ph hp thit k tuyn ng xut cn c tnh ton theo chc
nng mong mun v mi trng t nhin.
Mi trng bn vng Thi cng ng theo trnh t s dng v bo dng s
khng gy hi cho mi trng.
4.4.1.5-K thut ph hp
L ngi k s, chng ta cn nhn thc y cc yu t bn vng v cp n 3
yu t chnh cui cng:
Kh nng t chc.
K thut ph hp.
Mi trng Xanh.
4.4.2 Quy trnh la chn loi mt ng
a ra mt qui trnh la chn mt ng sau khi thc hin cc chng trnh
SEACAP1 v 4, cn nhc n mt s kha cnh. Qui trnh la chn mt ng GTNT
lu lng thp xut da trn hai nguyn tc cn bn:
Mt ng cn ph hp vi mc ch s dng v cc kha cnh nh lu lng
giao thng v ti trng trc,
Mt ng cn phi tng thch vi cc yu t mi trng ng b ch o
nh tho lun ti phn trn.
Hai nguyn tc trn y l phn b sung cho phng php thit k mt ng truyn
thng da vo nhng tho lun trn. Cc vn quan trng cn c gii quyt khi
tm kim cc qui trnh la chn hp l ni ring l:
Cc mi trng kh hu - a hnh c th gy xi l ti mt s tnh
Khan him vt liu thi cng t nhin ti mt s vng
D liu v giao thng v ti trng trc v nhng hn ch v giao thng
86
C ch thi cng v bo dng

Mc nc ngm cao v tnh trng l lt
nh hng ca cng tc t (o/ p) i vi vic thit k mt ng ti cc
vng i/ ni
dc dc cao mt s a phng
Tnh trng sn c v c im k thut ca cc loi vt liu thi cng
c trng k thut c sn ca vt liu thi cng
Phng php la chn hai giai on c xut nh sau:
1. Giai on I: Xc nh cc loi mt ng ph hp tng thch vi mi trng
ng b.
2. Giai on II: Thit k chi tit cc phn hp thnh mt ng la chn (gi s
nh dy cc lp mt ng) ph hp vi cc tiu chun v yu cu k thut
ngha l v giao thng, ti trng trc v cng nn ng.
Giai on I - Cc Hot ng Cn bn
Thu thp ton b nhng thng tin v mi trng ng b.
nh gi ton b d liu dng cc ma trn v bng biu lin quan v a ra mt
danh sch ngn cc phng n mt ng nh gi v x hi, kinh t v
phng vn cc i tng lin quan.
Nu mt ng cp phi khng lng mt l phng n xc nh, tham kho
Biu Hng dn La chn Mt ng Cp phi.
Thc hin nh gi v x hi, kinh t v phng vn cc i tng lin quan
nhm a ra mt danh sch ngn cui cng cc phng n thit k ph hp v
a vo s dng ti Giai on II.
Khuyn ngh s dng M hnh chi ph nh l mt phn ca qui trnh u tin khi
xt n chi ph ton b tui th.
Quy trnh k trn c th nhn din cc on c th trn tuyn ng sao cho ph hp
vi cc k thut mt ng no (gi d thng b ngp lt, i dc, gn khu dn
c, mc nc ngm cao v.v.). C th s hp l nu p dng cc gii php nng cp
khc nhau hoc nng cp cc b cho nhng on/v tr c yu cu cao hn.
87
Qui trnh La chn v Thit k ng GTNT xut
Nhim v
tuyn ng
D/sch cc ph/n mt
ng GTNT hin c
D liu Mi
trng
ng b
nh gi Mi trng
ng b
- Vt liu sn c
- C ch giao thng
- C ch Thi cng
- C ch Bo dng
- Cc nh hng xi l
GIAI ON I
Cc yu t kinh t, x hi
- M hnh Chi ph Thi cng
- Sc kho v an ton
- Vic lm
- Cc vn v Gii
- Knh t a phng
ng cp phi mt h
l phng n xc nh?
nh g ng
cp phi khng
lng mt
ng
Khng
D liu
Giao thng
Thng tin v
Thot nc
nh gi k thut
phng n mt ng
c nht tr theo cc
tiu chun ng b
Thit k chi tit

Mt ng xut
88
Cng
v tnh trng
nn ng
GIAI ON II
Cc phng n mt ng
bn vng
Ton b cc phng n M
Vt liu
C ch Giao thng
Cc vn thi cng
Tnh trng xi l
C ch bo dng
Phn tch kinh t - x hi
Danh sch ngn cho G II
Qui trnh la chn phng n mt ng dng biu
89
Giai on II - Cc Hot ng Cn bn
Trong trng hp c th, s dng cc tiu chun ng b hp l c cng
nhn ti a phng xc nh dy lp mt ng.
Trong nhng trng hp khng th, tham kho ti liu nc ngoi, c bit ti liu
ca Chng trnh Th nghim mt ng GTNT.
Thit k h thng thot nc mt ng tun theo cc tiu chun ng b lin
quan ca a phng v cc yu cu v rnh thot nc c nh gi trc .
i vi nhng trng hp c bit v d nh ti trng trc d kin cao, tham kho
cc ti liu hng dn nc ngoi
4.4.3 Tnh ton v tng hp d liu
Da vo cc thng tin th cn bn v mi trng ng b sau khi thu thp, cn c
tnh ton, tng hp c th d dng s dng cho vic thit k.
4.4.3.1-Tnh ton cng nn ng
Cng nn ng c tnh ton da trn cng thc quan h gia gi tr ghi DCP v
CBR. Quan h gia CBR v MR (M un n hi) ch ra trong ti liu Tiu chun thit
k mt ng mm 22 TCN-274-01
4.4.3.2-Tnh ton lu lng giao thng
T kt qu thu c bng cc biu mu m xe c th tnh ton lu lng giao thng bnh
qun theo ngy cho tng loi phng tin sau qui i thnh mc giao thng tng
ng theo ngy s dng cc h s qui i nhm xc nh Mc giao thng bnh qun theo
ngy (ADT).
Nu c giao thng vo ban m, nhn vi h s 1,2 c c mc giao thng trong
vng 24 gi; Nu ban m khng c giao thng, mc giao thng 24 gi bng vi mc
giao thng m c ban ngy.
90
Giao thng m c
H s ADT
Xe ti >5t
Xe khch ln
Xe tI <5t
2.5
Xe khch nh
Cng Nng
t con
0.8
Xe sc vt ko/ko tay
0.2
Xe m t
0.1
Xe p
0.05
Ngi i b
0.02
H s qui i giao thng theo ngy v giao thng tng ng

(Da trn ORN 20, TRL, 2000)
4.4.3.3-Phn tch d liu
Cc thng tin th cn bn v mi trng ng b sau khi thu thp, x l v tng hp li
s l c s gip cc k s thit k phn tch nh gi nhm a ra cc gii php thit
k ti u. Di y l mt s phn tch d liu in hnh c thc hin bi t vn
Intech-TRL trong Chng trnh Th nghim mt ng GTNT
4.4.3.4-Phn tch c tnh vt liu
c tnh ca vt liu quyt nh rt ln n gii php thit k v cht lng ca cng
trnh v vy cn phi c phn tch, nh gi mt cch chnh xc. i vi cc phng n
gia c vi/xi mng/nh tng hoc cp phi, c tnh vt liu c quyt nh rt ln bi
thnh phn ht v do ca chng. Di y trnh by hng dn chung v la chn cc
phng thc x l hp l vt liu t nhin s dng gia c da vo cc c tnh v
thnh phn ht v do ca chng. Thng thng mc hp l p dng cc loi gia
c khc nhau c xc nh bi phn trm vt liu lt sng 0,075 mm v ch s do (PI)
ca t.
91
Loi hnh gia c
c tnh t
> 25% lt sng 0,075 mm
< 25% lt sng 0,075mm
PI < 10
10<PI<20
PI > 20
PI < 6
PP < 60
PI < 10
PI > 10
Xi mng
Vi
Nha/nh tng
Hng dn la chn vt liu gia c ph hp

Lu :
S = Thng ph hp gia c
X = Thng l khng ph hp gia c
M = Cn ph hp gia c
PI = Ch s do
PP= Tch s do (PI x % lt sng 0,075mm)

i vi vt liu cp phi, vic nh gi kt qu th nghim s dng cc ch s khc v
do v kch thc thnh phn ht, v d nh:
Tch s do (PP): Ch s do X % vt liu lt sng 0,075mm
M un do (PM): Ch s do X % vt liu lt sng 0,425mm
H s cp phi (GC): (P26,5mm P2,00mm) X (P4,74mm)/100
M un cp phi (GM): (P2,00 + P0,425 + P0,075)/100
Trong : P= % lt sng (mm)
Kinh nghim cho thy gi tr ca cc ch s ny nh l tiu ch nh gi vt liu v
Hnh di y s dng gi tr Tch s do (Plasticity Product value).
92
PP (Ip x P0.075mm)
PP Vs Ic
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
C
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ic (Retained on 2.36mm)
A:
B
C
D
E
F
G
Hot ng tt trong tnh trng m -t v kh ro

Hot ng tt trong tnh trng m -t; l-n sng khi kh hanh
Thiu gn kt: xung cp nhanh chng do giao thng
Tt khi thi tit kh ro; trn khi -t; g/xi l
Km c khi m -t v kh ro
Qu to: xi l nghim trng; kh bo d-ng
Qu mn; cc vn v giao thng khi m -t v rt bi khi hanh kh
nh gi v Tich s do v thnh phn kch thc ht

4.4.3.5-Phn tch d liu v nn ng
Cc d liu v nn ng nh tnh trng v cng cc lp mt/mng ng hin ti
cng c vai tr quyt nh rt lp n gii php thit k. Trong Chng trnh TNMNT
vic phn tch kt qu th nghim DCP hin trng da trn vic thit lp cc biu
quan h gia gi tr CBR v su cho php xc nh cng cng nh b dy cc lp
mt ng hin ti trn tng on ng c th nh trnh by di y.
Lu : on A: Mt ng cp phi cn li b thay i (gi tr CBR ti ch ti thiu l
20%); gi tr CBR ti ch ca nn ng hin c l 7%.
on B: Mt ng cp phi cn li khng thay i vi gi tr CBR ti ch ti thiu l
35%; nn ng hin ti c gi tr CBR ti ch ti thiu vo khong 12-15%
93
Biu CBR: -ng Thch Minh

50
45
40
DCP-CBR%
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
Layer 1 CBR
6.000
7.000
L trnh (m)
Layer 2 CBR
dy lp mt -ng: -ng Thch Minh

0.000
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
50
100
su (mm)
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
Layer 1
L trnh (m)
Layer2
Phn tch kt qu th nghim cng mt ng bng chy xuyn ng

ti hin trng
4.4.3.6-Phn tch cc d liu v giao thng
Phn tch cc d liu m xe khng n gin ch l vic xc nh lu lng xe bnh
qun theo ngy (ADT) m cn phi quan tm n cc loi phng tin giao thng ch yu
trn tuyn ng, t a ra cc gii php thit k ph hp lin quan n kch thc
hnh hc ca tuyn ng. V d cn phi thit k l ng rng hn nu kt qu m xe
cho thy rng trn tuyn ng ngi i b tham gia giao thng chim s lng ln.
4.4.3.7-Phn tch cc d liu lng ma v a hnh
Cc d liu v lng ma v dc dc s c phn tch vi cc kha cnh lin
quan n kh nng thot nc v tnh trng xi l, mt vt liu i vi mt ng cp
94
phi/ dm khng lng mt. Trong Chng trnh TNMNT, kh nng xi l c nh

ngha da trn quan h gia dc dc v lng ma nh bng di y.
L-ng m-a hng nm (mm)

1000-2500 2500-4000 >4000
<1000
Dc dc
Bng phng <1%
Va phi 1-3%
Cao 3-6%
Rt cao >6%
Kh nng xi l
A
A
B
C
A
B
C
C
A
B
C
D
B
B
C
D
Thp
Va
Cao
Rt cao
nh ngha v kh nng xi l
Cc biu mu thu thp v tng hp d liu u vo cho thit k
A1: Mu kho st tnh trng ng
A2: Mu tng hp d liu ng b
A3: Mu tng hp d liu trong phng
A4: Mu kho st giao thng
95
C
C
D
D
INTECH_TRL
Mu kho st -ng th nghim
T s (Sheet No)
Tn ng (Road Name)
GPS .u (Start)
GPS .cui (End)
K hiu (LEGEND)
Nh (Houses)
Cu (Bridge)
R Rung la (Rice field)

Rnh (Ditch)
Ngi K.S (Surveyor)
Ngy (Date):
Vt liu (Material )
E - t (Earth)
S - Ct (Sand)
Cl - St (Clay)
Gr - Cp phi, si (Gravel-cobble)
BS - Nha (Bitumen)
Cng tc t (E'Work)
E - Nn p (Embankment)
C - Nn o (Cutting)
N - Khng (None)
Tnh trng ng (Condition)

1 - Rt tt, xe 1 cu (Excellent 2WD)
2 - Xe 1 cu i ma kh (2WD in dry season)
3 - Trung bnh, xe 2 cu i 4 ma (Fair 4WD all weather)
4 - Xu, xe 2 cu i ma kh (Poor 4WD in Dry)
5 - Rt xu - khng i c (Failed - Not passable )
96
Dc dc (Gradient)
a - <0%
b - 0-2%
c - 2-4%
d - 4-6%
e - 6-8%
f - >8%
Cong bng (Curve)
Dc dc (Gradient)
Vt liu (Material)
N
E
N
E
Cng (Culvert)
ng (Road)
W Mt nc (Surface water)
M t chung (General)
Tnh trng ng (Condition)
Cng tc t (E'Work)
L ng Phi (Shoulder R)
Vt xe bn Phi (WTR)
Vt xe bn Tri (WTL)
L ng Tri (Shoulder L)
M t chung (General)
Cng tc t (E'Work)
L trnh (Chain)
(RRST-II Initial Road Survey)
Tnh
Tn -ng
on
Ninh Binh
Dong Huong
L-ng m-a 1600-1800

Giao thng ADT 434
L (m)
Ch
L1
CBR
L2
CBR
50
L1 Thick Depth L2 Min Thick

(mm)
(mm)
L2 (mm)
L lt
Dc dc
Nn -ng
Chiu rng
Tnh trng Mt -ng
mt -ng
mt -ng
hin ti
L/CW/R
Nhn xt
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.100
0.100
100
No
St xm mm
2/3.5/2
Cp phi
0.100
0.350
0.250
350
No
St xm mm
1.5/3.5/2
Cp phi
0.350
0.450
0.100
450
No
St xm mm
1.5/3.0/1
Cp phi
0.450
0.500
0.050
500
No
St xm mm
2/3.5/2
Cp phi
0.500
0.570
0.070
570
No
St xm mm
2/3.5/1.5
Cp phi
0.570
1.350
0.780
1350
No
St xm mm
1.5/3.5/1
Cp phi
1.350
1.500
0.150
1500
No
St xm mm
1/3.0/1
1.500
1.600
0.100
1600
12
150
550
400
No
St xm mm
1/2.5/1
Cng tc t
10
1.600
2.000
0.400
2000
12
150
500
350
No
St xm mm 0.75/2.5/0.75
Cng tc t
Tnh
Tn -ng
on
20
150
40
150
300
450
450
600
200
300
500
Ninh Binh
Yen Trach
L-ng m-a 1600-1800mm

Giao thng ADT 402
L (m)
Ch
L1
CBR
L2
CBR
0.000
0.000
50
20
250
450
200
0.250
0.250
250
40
150
600
450
500
0.000
L1 Thick Depth L2 Min Thick

(mm)
(mm)
L2 (mm)
Nn -ng
Chiu rng
Tnh trng
mt -ng
mt -ng
L/CW/R
Mt
-ng
hin ti
L lt
Dc dc
Khng
St xm mm 0.5/3.5/0.5
Cp phi
Khng
St xm mm 0.5/3.5/0.5
Cp phi
Nhn xt
0.250
0.500
0.250
0.500
0.600
0.100
600
Khng
St xm mm 0.5/3.5/0.5
Cp phi
0.600
0.800
0.200
800
Khng
St xm mm
Cp phi
0.800
1.350
0.550
1350
35
200
600
400
Khng
St xm mm 0.5/3.0/0.5
Cp phi Cng tc t
1.350
1.500
0.150
1500
35
200
600
400
Khng
St xm mm
0/3.0/0
Cp phi Cng tc t
1.500
2.000
0.500
2000
10
200
550
550
Khng
St xm mm
0/2.5/0
Cp phi Cng tc t
2.000
2.500
0.500
2500
20
200
500
550
Khng
St xm mm
0/2.5/0
Cp phi Cng tc t
35
250
600
M thi cch 3km
A2: Mu tng hp d liu ng b
97
1/3.0/1
Ninh Binh: Yen Trach
Tng hp Th nghim trong phng

L trnh
0.000
0.250
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.245
C sng - D (mm) / Phn trm lt sng - P (%)

50.0
37.5
19.0
9.50
4.75
2.00 0.425
0.075
0.002
100.0
100.0
99.8
97.6
95.7
93.2
88.9
20
1.55
15
100.0
100.0
100.0
77.7
66.5
58.0
50.2
43.9
1.87
9.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.6
98.8
94.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
WL
Wp
Ip
8.8
23
24
37
31
8.8
15
23
33
35
23
52
46
46
17
21
21
17
36
27
27
6
12
14
6
16
19
19
WL
Wp
Ip
0.002
9.1
MDD
g/cm3
1.57
OMC
0.075
77.9
17
84.4
21.1
1.56
20
13
18
22
18
28
36
47
45
47
44
24
24
27
28
22
12
23
18
19
22
WL
Wp
Ip
14
23
18
23
21
14
22
24
40
45
45
45
45
48
46
47
26
25
26
27
28
28
28
28
14
20
19
18
17
20
18
19
Ninh Binh: Thu Trung

50.0
37.5
19.0
9.50
4.75
2.00 0.425
100.0 100.0 93.5
85.6
84.1
81.0
73.1
100.0
Ninh Binh: Dong Huong

50.0
37.5
19.0
9.50
4.75
2.00 0.425
100.0 100.0 100.0 98.5
97.3
95.3
90.4
Tng hp th nghim trong phng

Chain
0.000
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.686
OMC
100.0
Tng hp th nghim trong phng

Chain
0.000
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
MDD
g/cm3
99.8
97.3
0.075
59.9
0.002
10.9
94.3
21.6
MDD
g/cm3
Mu A3: Mu tng hp th nghim trong phng
98
OMC
4.4.4 M hnh la chn cc loi mt ng

Hin c 27 phng n mt ng c th la chn trong m hnh gii thiu di
y. T nhng iu tra v th nghim thuc Chng trnh TNMNT, y
c coi l nhng mt ng ph hp nht i vi GTNT Vit Nam. Nhng
phng n ny c chng minh v s dng thnh cng ti nhiu nc trn
th gii nh Trung Quc, n , Nam Phi, Ghana, Uganda, Nigieria,
Campuchia v hin nay l khu vc BSCL, duyn hi min Trung, cao nguyn
min Trung, ng bng Sng Hng v min ni pha Bc Vit Nam.
Chc nng ca m hnh
Nhp d liu v a ra kt qu
M hnh thit lp trang Nhp d liu v kt qu Bng 1. Trang ny to
ra nhng cng c nhp d liu hoc la chn cc tham s mi trng ng
b. Cc tham s mi trng ng b c th c chn ti cc Mu vng
bng cch click vo mi tn ko xung. Nhng Mu vng khc s c dng
nhp d liu v gi vt liu, c ly vn chuyn .v.v. Khng c nhp d liu
hoc thay i nhng khc1.
Sau khi chn cc tham s mi trng ng b v nhp xong d liu cn thit,
click vo mu vng ti ct "Loi mt ng", sau click vo mi tn ko
xung chn mt phng n trong danh sch mt ng. Tng ng vi loi
mt ng c chn, m hnh s a ra kt qu v chi ph thi cng, bo
dng v biu phn tch chi ph ton b tui th.v.v. ngay ti trang ny.
99
Trang nhp d liu u vo v kt qu
100
Bng 2: Ma trn Mt Cp phi dng cho M hnh Chi ph ng GTNT

T l mt cp phi hng nm d kin c c tnh t T l Mt Cp phi C bn (1.) iu chnh theo h s Khu vc
(2.) & iu chnh Chung (3.)
Vng a hnh
1. T l Mt Cp phi C bn
(mm/nm)
H s Khu vc ch yu
2. iu chnh T l Mt Cp
phi C bn tu vo H s khu
vc
3.1-Bo
dng c
3. Cc iu m bo
chnh
chung 3.2Mc
khc
Giao thng
B1
A3
A2
A1
ng bng
ng bng thp
thp /duyn hi
/duyn hi
Hay c l lt
L lt ti thiu
ng bng
ni a
i nh lin
tip
i ni
35
40
25
30
20
Vt liu
cht lng km
Vt liu
cht lng km
Vt liu
cht lng
km
dc
2-4%: +5
mm/nm
4-6%: +10
mm/nm
Xi l do ma
l
(Xem ch I)
A: +5mm/nm
B: +15
mm/nm
C: +30
mm/nm
+15mm/nm
+5 mm/nm
+10 mm/nm
-30%
-30%
-30%
-30%
-30%
+10%
+15%
+20%
+25%
+10%
+15%
+20%
+25%
+10%
+15%
+20%
+25%
+10%
+15%
+20%
+25%
+10%
+15%
+20%
+25%
S liu v mt cp phi da trn vic nh gi 90% d liu kho st ng tin cy v tnh trng mt cp phi thuc
Chng trnh Th nghim ng GTNT
101
Ch i vi bng Mt cp phi
Ch 1
nh ngha v xi l do nc ma; A = Dc dc <2% v khng/t b nh hng ma l
B = Dc dc 2-4% v thng b nh hng ma l
C = Dc dc >4% v thng b nh hng ma l
Xi l do ma l ngha l mt ng b nhn chm bi nc t cc vng ln cn v,
ch khng ch hn ch l nc ma ri trc tip xung mt ng.
Ch 2
D liu c thu thp t cc tnh vi lng ma hng nm thp hn 3.000 mm/nm.
Ch 3:
S liu trong Bng k trn gi thit hng dn k thut thi cng c tun th.
Ch 4:
Bo dng c m bo ngha l ton b h thng rnh thot nc v mui luyn
thng xuyn c bo dng duy tr dc ngang mt ng vo khong 3 - 7%.
Ch 5:
Ma trn ch p dng cho vt liu cp phi. Khng p dng i vi cp phi dm ht
th.
M hnh s dng ma trn k trn tnh lng mt cp phi mi nm v tch lu trong
nhng nm tip . Khi m dy cn li ca lp cp phi d tnh s gim xung di
80mm trong bt c nm no, m hnh s tnh chi ph b li lng cp phi mt
m bo dy cp phi tr li theo thit k ban u ti thi im u nm v ghi
thnh chi ph bo dng nh k cho nm . M hnh s iu chnh dy v dy
thit k ti thi im u nm v bt u li vic tnh ton lng mt cp phi cho
nm v nhng nm tip theo.
Phng n khng bo dng cng s bao gm trong m hnh ch ra nhng nh hng
do cng tc bo dng thng xuyn v nh k khng c cp vn hoc cp vn mt
cch khng hiu qu cho phng n cp phi. Nhng nh hng do cng tc thot nc
khng hiu qu cng s c trnh by (hoc xy dng ban u hoc bo dng). Trong
trng hp ny, dy cp phi cn li s c tnh mi nm vi t l mt cp phi tng
nhanh, tuy nhin khi dy cn li ca cp phi c d tnh l s thp hn 80mm ti
bt c nm phn tch no, m hnh s a ra yu cu xy dng li tuyn ng vi chi
ph hp l ti thi im u nm ca nm tip theo.
Trong khi i kt qu theo di di hn ng th nghim, vi cc loi mt ng kn s
dng nha, b tng hoc gch, chi ph bo dng nh k s c tnh tng ng vi
5% chi ph thi cng ban u ca ring cc lp mt ng ny v c p dng c 10 nm
mt ln k t khi thi cng.
102
i vi cc loi mt ng khng lng mt (ngoi cp phi/si ) bao gm mt

ng o, mt ng t lt, dm nc v.v., chi ph bo dng nh k s c
tnh tng ng vi 7% chi ph thi cng ban u ca ring cc lp mt ng ny v
c p dng c 6 nm mt ln k t khi thi cng.
M s mi trng ng b
Giao thng v Ti trng Trc
TT Trc tiu chun
Phn nhm lu
tng ng
lng xe tnh ton
Cp ti
trng xe
M
s
S lt xe chy
sut k khai thc
6T
Lu lng giao
thng cao
A1
Ln hn 15x105
6T
Lu lng giao
thng trung bnh
A2
II
T 5 15x105
6T
Lu lng giao
thng thp
A3
III
Di 5x105
2,5T
Lu lng giao
thng cao
B1
Ln hn 15x105
2,5T
Lu lng giao
thng trung bnh
B2
II
T 5 15x105
2,5T
Lu lng giao
thng thp
B3
III
Di 5x105
Lu : Nu s ln phng tin qua li trong k thit k ln hn 5x105, hoc giao thng

hng nng c th s lu thng trn tuyn (ti trng trc >10T), khi : Cp phi chc
chn khng phi l mt phng n mt ng bn vng, v mt ng cn c thit k
k thut c th
L lt:
Mc l lt c xc nh nh sau
I: Khng
II: Thnh thong (cp phi c th khng ph hp)
III: Hng nm nhng nh (cp phi khng ph hp)
IV: Hng nm v ln (cp phi khng ph hp)
t a phng
SS: t ct
CS: t st
Gr: Cp phi
103
M s Mi trng ng b
Trn thc t, cc m s chnh l nhng tham s gip m hnh a ra nhng khuyn ngh
s dng cc phng n mt ng chn.
1: Ph hp nht
2: C th nhng khng l tng
3: Khng khuyn ngh
Cc Vn khc cn tho lun
M hnh hon thnh c bn v mt cu trc v c th s dng tm thi, mc d vy
vn cn mt s vn cn c tho lun v lm r trc khi tip tc pht trin m hnh
nh sau:
1.
B tr theo di di hn ng th nghim thuc Chng trnh TNMNT
thu thp d liu lin quan v kh nng hot ng v nhu cu bo dng ca cc
phng n mt ng th nghim.
2.
Hin nay Vit Nam cha c nh mc bo dng thng xuyn cho hu ht
cc phng n mt ng mi. Do cn phi nghin cu a ra nhng nh
mc ny. Ngoi ra, nhng nh mc hin hnh cng cn c cp nht v b sung.
3.
Cn nghin cu cc cng thc tnh chi ph vn doanh cho Vit Nam nhm
phn tch Chi ph ton b tui th giao thng
104
PH LC 1 - TRCH DN LUT S 16/2003/QH11 - LUT XY DNG

Ch-ng 1: Nhng quy nh chung
iu 3: Gii thch t ng
16. Bo co u t xy dng cng trnh l h s xin ch trng u t xy dng cng
trnh cp c thm quyn cho php u t.
17. D n u t xy dng cng trnh l tp hp cc xut c lin quan n vic b
vn xy dng mi, m rng hoc ci to nhng cng trnh xy dng nhm mc ch
pht trin, duy tr, nng cao cht lng cng trnh hoc sn phm, dch v trong mt
thi hn nht nh. D n u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm phn thuyt minh v
phn thit k c s.
18. Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh l d n u t xy dng cng trnh
rt gn trong ch t ra cc yu cu c bn theo quy nh.
Ch-ng 3: D ton u t- xy dng cng trnh
iu 35: D n u t- xy dng cng trnh
1. Khi u t xy dng cng trnh, ch u t xy dng cng trnh phi lp d n
xem xt, nh gi hiu qu v kinh t - x hi ca d n, tr cc trng hp quy nh
ti khon 3 v khon 5 iu ny. Vic lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh phi tun
theo quy nh ca Lut ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan.
2. D n u t xy dng cng trnh c phn loi theo quy m, tnh cht v ngun
vn u t. Ni dung ca d n u t xy dng cng trnh c lp ph hp vi yu
cu ca tng loi d n.
3. Nhng cng trnh xy dng sau y ch cn lp bo co kinh t - k thut:
a) Cng trnh s dng cho mc ch tn gio;
b) Cng trnh xy dng quy m nh v cc cng trnh khc do Chnh ph quy nh.
4. Ni dung bo co kinh t - k thut ca cng trnh xy dng quy nh ti khon 3
iu ny bao gm s cn thit u t, mc tiu xy dng cng trnh; a im xy
dng; quy m, cng sut; cp cng trnh; ngun kinh ph xy dng cng trnh; thi hn
xy dng; hiu qu cng trnh; phng, chng chy, n; bn v thit k thi cng v d
ton cng trnh.
5. Khi u t xy dng nh ring l th ch u t xy dng cng trnh khng phi
lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh v bo co kinh t - k thut m ch cn lp h s
xin cp giy php xy dng, tr nhng cng trnh c quy nh ti im d khon 1
iu 62 ca Lut ny.
iu 36. Yu cu i vi d n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. D n u t xy dng cng trnh phi bo m cc yu cu ch yu sau y:
a) Ph hp vi quy hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi, quy hoch pht trin ngnh v quy
hoch xy dng;
b) C phng n thit k v phng n cng ngh ph hp;
105
c) An ton trong xy dng, vn hnh, khai thc, s dng cng trnh, an ton phng,
chng chy, n v bo v mi trng;
d) Bo m hiu qu kinh t - x hi ca d n.
2. i vi nhng cng trnh xy dng c quy m ln, trc khi lp d n ch u t
xy dng cng trnh phi lp bo co u t xy dng cng trnh trnh cp c thm
quyn cho php u t.
Ni dung ch yu ca bo co u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm s cn thit u t,
d kin quy m u t, hnh thc u t; phn tch, la chn s b v cng ngh, xc
nh s b tng mc u t, phng n huy ng cc ngun vn, kh nng hon vn
v tr n; tnh ton s b hiu qu u t v mt kinh t - x hi ca d n.
3. i vi d n u t xy dng cng trnh c s dng vn nh nc, ngoi vic phi
bo m cc yu cu quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny vic xc nh chi ph xy dng phi
ph hp vi cc nh mc, ch tiu kinh t - k thut do c quan qun l nh nc c
thm quyn v xy dng ban hnh v hng dn p dng. i vi d n u t xy
dng cng trnh c s dng vn h tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA) th phi bo m
kp thi vn i ng.
i u 3 7 . Ni dung d n u t xy dng cng trnh
Ni dung d n u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm:
1. Phn thuyt minh c lp tu theo loi d n u t xy dng cng trnh, bao gm
cc ni dung ch yu sau: mc tiu, a im, quy m, cng sut, cng ngh, cc gii
php kinh t - k thut, ngun vn v tng mc u t, ch u t v hnh thc qun l
d n, hnh thc u t, thi gian, hiu qu, phng, chng chy, n, nh gi tc ng
mi trng;
2. Phn thit k c s c lp phi ph hp vi tng d n u t xy dng cng
trnh, bao gm thuyt minh v cc bn v th hin c cc gii php v kin trc; kch
thc, kt cu chnh; mt bng, mt ct, mt ng; cc gii php k thut, gii php v
xy dng; cng ngh, trang thit b cng trnh, chng loi vt liu xy dng ch yu
c s dng xy dng cng trnh.
i u 3 8 . iu kin i vi t chc, c nhn lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. T chc lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh phi p ng cc iu kin sau y:
a) C ng k hot ng lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
b) C iu kin nng lc hot ng xy dng ph hp vi cng vic lp d n u t
xy dng cng trnh;
c) C ngi nng lc hnh ngh lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh ph hp vi
yu cu ca d n u t xy dng cng trnh m nhn chc danh ch nhim lp
d n; c nhn tham gia lp d n phi c nng lc hnh ngh ph hp vi tng loi
d n u t xy dng cng trnh.
2. C nhn hnh ngh c lp lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh phi p ng cc
iu kin sau y:
a) C ng k hot ng lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
106
b) C nng lc hnh ngh lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh.

Chnh ph quy nh phm vi hot ng lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh ca c
nhn hnh ngh c lp.
i u 3 9 . Thm nh, quyt nh u t d n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. D n u t xy dng cng trnh trc khi quyt nh u t phi c thm nh
theo quy nh ca Chnh ph.
2. Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh u t cc d n u t xy dng cng trnh quan
trng quc gia sau khi c Quc hi thng qua ch trng u t. Chnh ph quy
nh thm quyn quyt nh u t i vi cc d n u t xy dng cng trnh cn
li.
3. T chc, c nhn thm nh d n u t xy dng cng trnh phi chu trch nhim
trc php lut v kt qu thm nh ca mnh. Ngi quyt nh u t xy dng
cng trnh phi chu trch nhim trc php lut v cc quyt nh ca mnh.
Ch-ng IV: Kho st, thit k xy dng
Mc 1. Kho st xy dng
i u 4 6 . Kho st xy dng
1. Kho st xy dng gm kho st a hnh, kho st a cht cng trnh, kho st a
cht thu vn, kho st hin trng cng trnh v cc cng vic kho st khc phc v
cho hot ng xy dng.
2. Kho st xy dng ch c tin hnh theo nhim v kho st c ph duyt.
i u 4 7 . Yu cu i vi kho st xy dng
Kho st xy dng phi bo m cc yu cu sau y:
1. Nhim v kho st phi ph hp vi yu cu tng loi cng vic, tng bc thit k;
2. Bo m tnh trung thc, khch quan, phn nh ng thc t;
3. Khi lng, ni dung, yu cu k thut i vi kho st xy dng phi ph hp vi
nhim v kho st, quy chun, tiu chun xy dng;
4. i vi kho st a cht cng trnh, ngoi cc yu cu ti cc khon 1, 2 v 3 iu
ny cn phi xc nh xm thc, mc dao ng ca mc nc ngm theo ma
xut cc bin php phng, chng thch hp. i vi nhng cng trnh quy m
ln, cng trnh quan trng phi c kho st quan trc cc tc ng ca mi trng n
cng trnh trong qu trnh xy dng v s dng;
5. Kt qu kho st phi c nh gi, nghim thu theo quy nh ca php lut.
i u 4 8 . Ni dung bo co kt qu kho st xy dng
1. Bo co kt qu kho st xy dng bao gm cc ni dung ch yu sau y:
a) C s, quy trnh v phng php kho st;
b) Phn tch s liu, nh gi, kt qu kho st;
c) Kt lun v kt qu kho st, kin ngh.
107
2. B Xy dng quy nh c th ni dung bo co kho st xy dng.

Mc 2. Thit k xy dng cng trnh
i u 5 2 . Yu cu i vi thit k xy dng cng trnh
1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh phi bo m cc yu cu chung sau y:
a) Ph hp vi quy hoch xy dng, cnh quan, iu kin t nhin v cc quy nh v
kin trc; d n u t xy dng cng trnh c ph duyt;
b) Ph hp vi thit k cng ngh trong trng hp d n u t xy dng cng trnh
c thit k cng ngh;
c) Nn mng cng trnh phi bo m bn vng, khng b ln nt, bin dng qu gii
hn cho php lm nh hng n tui th cng trnh, cc cng trnh ln cn;
d) Ni dung thit k xy dng cng trnh phi ph hp vi yu cu ca tng bc thit
k, tho mn yu cu v chc nng s dng; bo m m quan, gi thnh hp l;
) An ton, tit kim, ph hp vi quy chun, tiu chun xy dng c p dng; cc
tiu chun v phng, chng chy, n, bo v mi trng v nhng tiu chun lin
quan; i vi nhng cng trnh cng cng phi bo m thit k theo tiu chun cho
ngi tn tt;
e) ng b trong tng cng trnh, p ng yu cu vn hnh, s dng cng trnh; ng
b vi cc cng trnh lin quan.
i u 5 3 . Ni dung thit k xy dng cng trnh
Thit k xy dng cng trnh bao gm cc ni dung ch yu sau y:
1. Phng n cng ngh;
2. Cng nng s dng;
3. Phng n kin trc;
4. Tui th cng trnh;
5. Phng n kt cu, k thut;
6. Phng n phng, chng chy, n;
7. Phng n s dng nng lng t hiu sut cao;
8. Gii php bo v mi trng;
9. Tng d ton, d ton chi ph xy dng ph hp vi tng bc thit k xy dng.
i u 5 4 . Cc bc thit k xy dng cng trnh
1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh bao gm cc bc: thit k c s, thit k k thut v
thit k bn v thi cng.
2. Tu theo tnh cht, quy m ca tng loi cng trnh, thit k xy dng cng trnh c
th c lp mt bc, hai bc hoc ba bc nh sau:
a) Thit k mt bc l thit k bn v thi cng c p dng i vi cng trnh quy
nh ch phi lp bo co kinh t - k thut;
108
b) Thit k hai bc bao gm bc thit k c s v bc thit k bn v thi cng

c p dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh;
c) Thit k ba bc bao gm bc thit k c s, bc thit k k thut v bc thit
k bn v thi cng c p dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d n u t xy
dng v c quy m ln, phc tp.
3. i vi cng trnh phi thc hin thit k hai bc tr ln, cc bc thit k tip theo
ch c trin khai thc hin trn c s bc thit k trc c ph duyt.
Chnh ph quy nh c th cc bc thit k i vi tng loi cng trnh v ni dung
cc bc thit k.
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PH LC 2 - TRCH DN NGH NH S 12/2009/N-CP- NGH NH V QUN L D

N XY DNG CNG TRNH (HIU LC T NGY 1 THNG 4 NM 2009)
Ch-ng 1: Nhng quy nh chung
iu 1. Phm vi p dng
Ngh nh ny hng dn thi hnh Lut Xy dng v lp, thm nh, ph duyt d n
u t xy dng cng trnh; thc hin d n u t xy dng cng trnh; iu kin
nng lc ca t chc, c nhn trong hot ng xy dng.
Vic lp, thm nh, ph duyt d n u t xy dng cng trnh s dng ngun vn h
tr pht trin chnh thc (ODA) c thc hin theo quy nh ca php lut v xy
dng v php lut v qun l v s dng vn ODA.
iu 2. Phn loi d n v qun l nh nc i vi d n u t xy dng cng
trnh
1. Cc d n u t xy dng cng trnh (sau y gi chung l d n) c phn loi
nh sau:
a) Theo quy m v tnh cht: d n quan trng quc gia do Quc hi xem xt, quyt
nh v ch trng u t; cc d n cn li c phn thnh 3 nhm A, B, C theo quy
nh ti Ph lc I Ngh nh ny;
b) Theo ngun vn u t:
- D n s dng vn ngn sch nh nc;
- D n s dng vn tn dng do Nh nc bo lnh, vn tn dng u t pht trin ca
Nh nc;
- D n s dng vn u t pht trin ca doanh nghip nh nc;
- D n s dng vn khc bao gm c vn t nhn hoc s dng hn hp nhiu ngun
vn.
2. Vic u t xy dng cng trnh phi ph hp vi quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh
t - x hi, quy hoch ngnh, quy hoch xy dng, bo m an ninh, an ton x hi v
an ton mi trng, ph hp vi cc quy nh ca php lut v t ai v php lut
khc c lin quan.
3. Ngoi quy nh ti khon 2 iu ny th ty theo ngun vn s dng cho d n, Nh
nc cn qun l theo quy nh sau y:
a) i vi cc d n s dng vn ngn sch nh nc k c cc d n thnh phn,
Nh nc qun l ton b qu trnh u t xy dng t vic xc nh ch trng u
t, lp d n, quyt nh u t, lp thit k, d ton, la chn nh thu, thi cng xy
dng n khi nghim thu, bn giao v a cng trnh vo khai thc s dng;
b) i vi d n ca doanh nghip s dng vn tn dng do Nh nc bo lnh, vn tn
dng u t pht trin ca Nh nc v vn u t pht trin ca doanh nghip nh
nc, Nh nc qun l v ch trng v quy m u t. Doanh nghip c d n
t chu trch nhim t chc thc hin v qun l d n theo cc quy nh ca Ngh
nh ny v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c lin quan;
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c) i vi cc d n s dng vn khc bao gm c vn t nhn, ch u t t quyt

nh hnh thc v ni dung qun l d n. i vi cc d n s dng hn hp nhiu
ngun vn khc nhau th cc bn gp vn tho thun v phng thc qun l hoc
qun l theo quy nh i vi ngun vn c t l phn trm (%) ln nht trong tng mc
u t.
4. i vi d n quan trng quc gia hoc d n nhm A gm nhiu d n thnh phn,
nu tng d n thnh phn c th c lp vn hnh, khai thc hoc thc hin theo phn
k u t th mi d n thnh phn c th c qun l, thc hin nh mt d n c lp.
Vic phn chia d n thnh cc d n thnh phn do ngi quyt nh u t quyt nh.
iu 3. Ch u t xy dng cng trnh
Ch u t xy dng cng trnh l ngi s hu vn hoc l ngi c giao qun l
v s dng vn u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm:
1. i vi cc d n s dng vn ngn sch nh nc th ch u t xy dng cng
trnh do ngi quyt nh u t quyt nh trc khi lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh
ph hp vi quy nh ca Lut Ngn sch nh nc.
a) i vi d n do Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh u t, ch u t l mt trong cc
c quan, t chc sau: B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph, c quan khc
Trung ng (gi chung l c quan cp B), y ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc
Trung ng (gi chung l y ban nhn dn cp tnh) v doanh nghip nh nc;
b) i vi d n do B trng, Th trng c quan cp B, Ch tch y ban nhn
dn cc cp quyt nh u t, ch u t l n v qun l, s dng cng trnh.
Trng hp cha xc nh c n v qun l, s dng cng trnh hoc n v qun
l, s dng cng trnh khng iu kin lm ch u t th ngi quyt nh u t
c th giao cho n v c iu kin lm ch u t. Trong trng hp n v qun l,
s dng cng trnh khng iu kin lm ch u t th n v s qun l, s dng cng
trnh c trch nhim c ngi tham gia vi ch u t trong vic t chc lp d n, thit
k, theo di, qun l, nghim thu v tip nhn a cng trnh vo khai thc, s dng;
c) Trng hp khng xc nh c ch u t theo quy nh ti im b khon ny th
ngi quyt nh u t c th u thc cho n v khc c iu kin lm ch u t
hoc ng thi lm ch u t.
2. i vi cc d n s dng vn tn dng, ngi vay vn l ch u t.
3. i vi cc d n s dng vn khc, ch u t l ch s hu vn hoc l ngi i din
theo quy nh ca php lut.
Ch-ng 2: Lp, thm nh, ph duyt d n u t- xy dng cng trnh
iu 5. Lp Bo co u t xy dng cng trnh (Bo co nghin cu tin kh thi)
v xin php u t
1. i vi cc d n quan trng quc gia, ch u t phi lp Bo co u t xy dng
cng trnh trnh Quc hi xem xt, quyt nh v ch trng u t. i vi cc d n
khc, ch u t khng phi lp Bo co u t.
2. Ni dung Bo co u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm:
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a) S cn thit phi u t xy dng cng trnh, cc iu kin thun li v kh khn;

ch khai thc v s dng ti nguyn quc gia nu c;
b) D kin quy m u t: cng sut, din tch xy dng; cc hng mc cng trnh
thuc d n; d kin v a im xy dng cng trnh v nhu cu s dng t;
c) Phn tch, la chn s b v cng ngh, thng s k thut; cc iu kin cung cp
vt t thit b, nguyn liu, nng lng, dch v, h tng k thut; phng n gii phng mt
bng, ti nh c nu c; cc nh hng ca d n i vi mi trng, sinh thi, phng,
chng chy n, an ninh, quc phng;
d) Hnh thc u t, xc nh s b tng mc u t, thi hn thc hin d n,
phng n huy ng vn theo tin v hiu qu kinh t - x hi ca d n v phn k
u t nu c.
iu 6. Lp D n u t xy dng cng trnh (Bo co nghin cu kh thi)
1. Khi u t xy dng cng trnh, ch u t phi t chc lp d n u t v trnh
ngi quyt nh u t thm nh, ph duyt, tr nhng trng hp sau y:
a) Cng trnh ch yu cu lp Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh quy nh ti
khon 1 iu 13 Ngh nh ny;
b) Cc cng trnh xy dng l nh ring l ca dn quy nh ti
ca Lut Xy dng.
khon 5 iu 35
2. Ni dung d n bao gm phn thuyt minh theo quy nh ti iu 7 v phn thit k

c s theo quy nh ti iu 8 Ngh nh ny.
3. i vi cc d n khng c trong quy hoch ngnh c cp c thm quyn ph
duyt th ch u t phi bo co B qun l ngnh hoc a phng theo phn cp xem
xt, chp thun b sung quy hoch theo thm quyn hoc trnh Th tng Chnh ph chp
thun b sung quy hoch trc khi lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh.
V tr, quy m xy dng cng trnh phi ph hp vi quy hoch xy dng c cp c
thm quyn ph duyt. Trng hp d n cha c trong quy hoch xy dng th v tr,
quy m xy dng phi c y ban nhn dn cp tnh chp thun bng vn bn i
vi cc d n nhm A hoc c kin chp thun bng vn bn ca c quan c thm
quyn ph duyt v quy hoch i vi cc d n nhm B, C. Thi gian xem xt, chp
thun v quy hoch ngnh hoc quy hoch xy dng khng qu 15 ngy lm vic.
iu 7. Ni dung phn thuyt minh ca D n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. S cn thit v mc tiu u t; nh gi nhu cu th trng, tiu th sn phm i vi
d n sn xut, kinh doanh; tnh cnh tranh ca sn phm; tc ng x hi i vi a
phng, khu vc (nu c); hnh thc u t xy dng cng trnh; a im xy dng, nhu
cu s dng t; iu kin cung cp nguyn liu, nhin liu v cc yu t u vo khc.
2. M t v quy m v din tch xy dng cng trnh, cc hng mc cng trnh thuc d n;
phn tch la chn phng n k thut, cng ngh v cng sut.
3. Cc gii php thc hin bao gm:
a) Phng n chung v gii phng mt bng, ti nh c v phng n h tr xy
dng h tng k thut nu c;
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b) Cc phng n thit k kin trc i vi cng trnh trong th v cng trnh c yu

cu kin trc;
c) Phng n khai thc d n v s dng lao ng;
d) Phn on thc hin, tin thc hin v hnh thc qun l d n.
4. nh gi tc ng mi trng, cc gii php phng chy, cha chy v cc yu cu
v an ninh, quc phng.
5. Tng mc u t ca d n; kh nng thu xp vn, ngun vn v kh nng cp vn
theo tin ; phng n hon tr vn i vi d n c yu cu thu hi vn v phn tch
nh gi hiu qu kinh t - ti chnh, hiu qu x hi ca d n.
iu 8. Ni dung thit k c s ca D n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. Thit k c s l thit k c thc hin trong giai on lp D n u t xy dng
cng trnh trn c s phng n thit k c la chn, bo m th hin c cc
thng s k thut ch yu ph hp vi cc quy chun, tiu chun c p dng, l cn
c trin khai cc bc thit k tip theo.
Ni dung thit k c s bao gm phn thuyt minh v phn bn v.
2. Phn thuyt minh thit k c s bao gm cc ni dung:
a) Gii thiu tm tt a im xy dng, phng n thit k; tng mt bng cng trnh,
hoc phng n tuyn cng trnh i vi cng trnh xy dng theo tuyn; v tr, quy m xy
dng cc hng mc cng trnh; vic kt ni gia cc hng mc cng trnh thuc d n v
vi h tng k thut ca khu vc;
b) Phng n cng ngh, dy chuyn cng ngh i vi cng trnh c yu cu cng
ngh;
c) Phng n kin trc i vi cng trnh c yu cu kin trc;
d) Phng n kt cu chnh, h thng k thut, h tng k thut ch yu ca cng
trnh;
) Phng n bo v mi trng, phng chy, cha chy theo quy nh ca php lut;
e) Danh mc cc quy chun, tiu chun ch yu c p dng.
3. Phn bn v thit k c s bao gm:
a) Bn v tng mt bng cng trnh hoc bn v bnh phng n tuyn cng trnh
i vi cng trnh xy dng theo tuyn;
b) S cng ngh, bn v dy chuyn cng ngh i vi cng trnh c yu cu cng
ngh;
c) Bn v phng n kin trc i vi cng trnh c yu cu kin trc;
d) Bn v phng n kt cu chnh, h thng k thut, h tng k thut ch yu ca
cng trnh, kt ni vi h tng k thut ca khu vc.
iu 9. H s trnh thm nh D n u t xy dng cng trnh
H s trnh thm nh D n u t xy dng cng trnh bao gm:
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1. T trnh thm nh d n theo mu ti Ph lc II km theo Ngh nh ny.

2. D n bao gm phn thuyt minh v thit k c s.
3. Cc vn bn php l c lin quan.
iu 10. Thm quyn thm nh D n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. Ngi quyt nh u t c trch nhim t chc thm nh d n trc khi ph
duyt. u mi thm nh d n l n v chuyn mn trc thuc cp quyt nh u
t. n v u mi thm nh d n c trch nhim ly kin v thit k c s ca c
quan qun l nh nc theo quy nh ti khon 6 iu ny v ly kin cc c quan
lin quan thm nh d n. Ngi quyt nh u t c th thu t vn thm tra
mt phn hoc ton b ni dung quy nh ti khon 1, khon 2 iu 11 Ngh nh ny.
i vi cc d n c phn cp hoc u quyn quyt nh u t th ngi c
phn cp hoc u quyn quyt nh u t c trch nhim t chc thm nh d n.
2. Th tng Chnh ph thnh lp Hi ng Thm nh nh nc v cc d n u t
t chc thm nh d n do Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh u t v d n khc
nu thy cn thit. B trng B K hoch v u t l Ch tch Hi ng Thm nh
nh nc v cc d n u t.
3. i vi d n s dng vn ngn sch nh nc:
a) C quan cp B t chc thm nh d n do mnh quyt nh u t. u mi t
chc thm nh d n l n v chuyn mn trc thuc ngi quyt nh u t;
b) y ban nhn dn cp tnh t chc thm nh d n do mnh quyt nh u t. S
K hoch v u t l u mi t chc thm nh d n.
y ban nhn dn cp huyn, cp x t chc thm nh d n do mnh quyt nh u
t. u mi thm nh d n l n v c chc nng qun l k hoch ngn sch trc
thuc ngi quyt nh u t.
4. i vi d n khc th ngi quyt nh u t t t chc thm nh d n.
5. i vi d n u t xy dng cng trnh c th th vic thm nh d n thc hin
theo quy nh ti Ngh nh ca Chnh ph v qun l u t xy dng cng trnh c
th.
6. Vic thm nh thit k c s c thc hin cng lc vi vic thm nh d n u
t, khng phi t chc thm nh ring.
Cc c quan qun l nh nc c trch nhim tham gia kin v thit k c s:
a) B qun l cng trnh xy dng chuyn ngnh i vi d n quan trng quc gia, d
n nhm A;
b) S qun l cng trnh xy dng chuyn ngnh i vi d n nhm B, nhm C.
B Xy dng ban hnh Thng t quy nh c th v thm quyn v trch nhim tham
gia kin v thit k c s ca cc c quan nu trn.
7. Thi gian thm nh d n, c tnh t ngy nhn h s hp l, c th:
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a) i vi d n quan trng quc gia: thi gian thm nh d n khng qu 90 ngy

lm vic;
b) i vi d n nhm A: thi gian thm nh d n khng qu 40 ngy lm vic;
c) i vi d n nhm B: thi gian thm nh d n khng qu 30 ngy lm vic;
d) i vi d n nhm C: thi gian thm nh d n khng qu 20 ngy lm vic.
iu 11. Ni dung thm nh D n u t xy dng cng trnh
1. Xem xt cc yu t m bo tnh hiu qu ca d n, bao gm: s cn thit u t;
cc yu t u vo ca d n; quy m, cng sut, cng ngh, thi gian, tin thc
hin d n; phn tch ti chnh, tng mc u t, hiu qu kinh t - x hi ca d n.
2. Xem xt cc yu t m bo tnh kh thi ca d n, bao gm: s ph hp vi quy
hoch; nhu cu s dng t, ti nguyn (nu c); kh nng gii phng mt bng, kh
nng huy ng vn p ng tin ca d n; kinh nghim qun l ca ch u t;
kh nng hon tr vn vay; gii php phng chy, cha chy; cc yu t nh hng
n d n nh quc phng, an ninh, mi trng v cc quy nh khc ca php lut c
lin quan.
3. Xem xt thit k c s bao gm:
a) S ph hp ca thit k c s vi quy hoch chi tit xy dng hoc tng mt bng
c ph duyt; s ph hp ca thit k c s vi phng n tuyn cng trnh c
chn i vi cng trnh xy dng theo tuyn; s ph hp ca thit k c s vi v tr,
quy m xy dng v cc ch tiu quy hoch c chp thun i vi cng trnh xy
dng ti khu vc cha c quy hoch chi tit xy dng c ph duyt;
b) S ph hp ca vic kt ni vi h tng k thut ca khu vc;
c) S hp l ca phng n cng ngh, dy chuyn cng ngh i vi cng trnh c
yu cu cng ngh;
d) Vic p dng cc quy chun, tiu chun v xy dng, mi trng, phng chy, cha
chy;
) iu kin nng lc hot ng xy dng ca t chc t vn, nng lc hnh ngh ca
c nhn lp thit k c s theo quy nh.
iu 12. Thm quyn quyt nh u t xy dng cng trnh
1. i vi cc d n s dng vn ngn sch nh nc:
a) Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh u t cc d n quan trng quc gia theo Ngh
quyt ca Quc hi v cc d n quan trng khc;
b) B trng, Th trng c quan cp B quyt nh u t cc d n nhm A, B, C.
B trng, Th trng c quan cp B c u quyn hoc phn cp quyt nh u
t i vi cc d n nhm B, C cho c quan cp di trc tip;
c) Ch tch y ban nhn dn cc cp quyt nh u t cc d n nhm A, B, C trong
phm vi v kh nng cn i ngn sch ca a phng sau khi thng qua Hi ng
nhn dn cng cp. Ch tch y ban nhn dn cp tnh, cp huyn c u quyn
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hoc phn cp quyt nh u t i vi cc d n nhm B, C cho c quan cp di

trc tip;
d) Ty theo iu kin c th ca tng a phng, Ch tch y ban nhn dn cp tnh
quy nh c th cho Ch tch y ban nhn dn cp huyn, cp x c quyt nh u
t cc d n c s dng ngun vn h tr t ngn sch cp trn.
2. Cc d n s dng vn khc, vn hn hp ch u t t quyt nh u t v chu
trch nhim.
3. Ngi c thm quyn quyt nh u t ch c quyt nh u t khi c kt qu
thm nh d n. Ring i vi cc d n s dng vn tn dng, t chc cho vay vn
thm nh phng n ti chnh v phng n tr n chp thun cho vay hoc khng
cho vay trc khi ngi c thm quyn quyt nh u t.
4. Ni dung quyt nh u t xy dng cng trnh theo mu ti Ph lc III Ngh nh
ny.
iu 13. Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh
1. Khi u t xy dng cc cng trnh sau y, ch u t khng phi lp d n u t
xy dng cng trnh m ch lp Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh trnh
ngi quyt nh u t ph duyt:
a) Cng trnh xy dng cho mc ch tn gio;
b) Cc cng trnh xy dng mi, ci to, sa cha, nng cp c tng mc u t di
15 t ng (khng bao gm tin s dng t), ph hp vi quy hoch pht trin kinh t
- x hi, quy hoch ngnh, quy hoch xy dng; tr trng hp ngi quyt nh u
t thy cn thit v yu cu phi lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh.
2. Ni dung ca Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh thc hin theo quy nh
ti khon 4 iu 35 ca Lut Xy dng.
3. Ngi c thm quyn quyt nh u t quy nh ti iu 12 Ngh nh ny c trch
nhim t chc thm nh Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh v quyt nh
u t.
4. Ch u t c trch nhim t chc thm nh thit k bn v thi cng v d ton
ngi quyt nh u t ph duyt Bo co kinh t - k thut.
Ch-ng 3: Thc hin d n u t- xy dng cng trnh
Mc 1: Thit k xy dng cng trnh
iu 16. Cc bc thit k xy dng cng trnh
1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh bao gm cc bc: thit k c s, thit k k thut,
thit k bn v thi cng v cc bc thit k khc theo thng l quc t do ngi quyt
nh u t quyt nh khi ph duyt d n.
a) Thit k c s c quy nh ti khon 1 iu 8 Ngh nh ny;
b) Thit k k thut l thit k c thc hin trn c s thit k c s trong d n u t
xy dng cng trnh c ph duyt, bo m th hin c y cc thng s k thut
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v vt liu s dng ph hp vi cc quy chun, tiu chun c p dng, l cn c trin

khai bc thit k bn v thi cng;
c) Thit k bn v thi cng l thit k bo m th hin c y cc thng s k
thut, vt liu s dng v chi tit cu to ph hp vi cc quy chun, tiu chun c
p dng, m bo iu kin trin khai thi cng xy dng cng trnh.
2. D n u t xy dng cng trnh c th gm mt hoc nhiu loi cng trnh vi mt
hoc nhiu cp cng trnh khc nhau. Ty theo quy m, tnh cht ca cng trnh c th,
vic thit k xy dng cng trnh c thc hin mt bc, hai bc hoc ba bc
nh sau:
a) Thit k mt bc l thit k bn v thi cng c p dng i vi cng trnh ch lp
Bo co kinh t - k thut xy dng cng trnh. Trng hp ny, bc thit k c s,
bc thit k k thut v bc thit k bn v thi cng c gp thnh mt bc v
gi l thit k bn v thi cng.
i vi trng hp thit k mt bc, c th s dng thit k mu, thit k in hnh
do c quan nh nc c thm quyn ban hnh trin khai thit k bn v thi cng;
b) Thit k hai bc bao gm bc thit k c s v bc thit k bn v thi cng
c p dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d n tr cc cng trnh c quy
nh ti im a, im c khon ny. Trng hp ny, bc thit k k thut v bc
thit k bn v thi cng c gp thnh mt bc v gi l bc thit k bn v thi
cng;
c) Thit k ba bc bao gm bc thit k c s, bc thit k k thut v bc thit
k bn v thi cng c p dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d n. Tu theo
mc phc tp ca cng trnh, vic thc hin thit k ba bc do ngi quyt nh
u t quyt nh.
Trng hp thc hin thit k hai bc hoc ba bc th thit k bc tip theo phi
ph hp vi thit k bc trc c ph duyt.
3. Ch u t c trch nhim t chc lp thit k xy dng cng trnh, trng hp ch
u t c nng lc th c t thit k, trng hp ch u t khng c nng
lc th thu t chc t vn thit k. Ring i vi trng hp thit k ba bc th nh
thu thi cng c th c giao lp thit k bn v thi cng khi c iu kin nng lc
theo quy nh.
iu 17. H s thit k, d ton xy dng cng trnh
1. H s thit k c lp cho tng cng trnh bao gm thuyt minh thit k, cc bn v thit
k, cc ti liu kho st xy dng lin quan, quy trnh bo tr cng trnh, d ton xy dng
cng trnh.
2. H s thit k xy dng cng trnh phi c lu tr theo quy nh ca php lut v lu
tr.
iu 18. Thm nh, ph duyt thit k k thut, thit k bn v thi cng
1. Thm nh, ph duyt thit k i vi trng hp thit k ba bc
a) i vi thit k k thut:
117
Ch u t t chc thm nh, ph duyt thit k k thut. Kt qu thm nh, ph

duyt thit k k thut c th hin bng vn bn, bao gm cc ni dung sau:
- S ph hp ca thit k k thut vi thit k c s;
- S hp l ca cc gii php kt cu cng trnh;
- S tun th cc quy chun, tiu chun xy dng c p dng;
- nh gi mc an ton cng trnh;
- S hp l ca vic la chn dy chuyn v thit b cng ngh i vi cng trnh c
yu cu cng ngh;
- S tun th cc quy nh v mi trng, phng chy, cha chy.
Ch u t c th thu t vn thm tra mt phn hoc ton b cc ni dung trn lm c s
cho vic thm nh. Kt qu thm tra c th hin bng vn bn.
b) i vi thit k bn v thi cng:
Thit k bn v thi cng phi c ch u t hoc i din c u quyn ca ch
u t xc nhn bng ch k v ng du ph duyt vo bn v trc khi a ra thi
cng. Ch u t c th thu t vn gim st thi cng xy dng kim tra thit k bn v
thi cng v k xc nhn trong bn v trc khi ph duyt.
2. Thm nh, ph duyt thit k bn v thi cng i vi cc trng hp thit k hai
bc v thit k mt bc
a) i vi trng hp thit k hai bc, ch u t t chc thm nh, ph duyt thit k
bn v thi cng. i vi trng hp thit k mt bc, ch u t t chc thm nh thit k
bn v thi cng ngi quyt nh u t ph duyt cng vi Bo co kinh t - k thut
xy dng cng trnh.
b) Ni dung thm nh thit k bn v thi cng c thc hin nh quy nh ti im a khon
1 iu ny.
c) Vic ng du xc nhn bn v trc khi a ra thi cng thc hin nh quy nh ti im
b khon 1 iu ny.
3. Chi ph thm nh, thm tra thit k xy dng cng trnh c tnh vo tng mc
u t, d ton xy dng cng trnh.
118
PH LC 3 - TRCH DN LUT S 38/2009/QH12 - LUT SA I, B SUNG MT S

IU CA CC LUT LIN QUAN N XY DNG C BN
(Hiu lc t ngy 1 thng 8 nm 2009)
iu 1
Sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Lut xy dng.
iu 7 c sa i, b sung nh sau:
iu 7. Nng lc hot ng xy dng, nng lc hnh ngh xy dng
1. T chc, c nhn c iu kin v nng lc hot ng xy dng, hnh ngh xy
dng c tham gia cc hot ng sau:
a) T vn thit k quy hoch xy dng, lp v thm nh d n u t, thit k xy
dng, nh gi xy dng, gim st thi cng v qun l d n u t xy dng cng
trnh;
b) Kho st xy dng cng trnh;
c) Thi cng xy dng cng trnh;
d) Th nghim chuyn ngnh xy dng;
) Kim nh cht lng cng trnh xy dng;
e) Chng nhn iu kin bo m an ton chu lc cng trnh xy dng v chng
nhn s ph hp v cht lng cng trnh xy dng.
2. C nhn tham gia hot ng xy dng phi c nng lc hnh ngh xy dng c
xc nh theo cp bc trn c s trnh chuyn mn do mt t chc chuyn mn o
to xc nhn, kinh nghim, o c ngh nghip, tr trng hp c bit do Chnh ph
quy nh.
C nhn hot ng t vn thit k quy hoch xy dng, thit k xy dng, gim st thi
cng, kho st xy dng cng trnh phi c chng ch hnh ngh ph hp v phi chu
trch nhim c nhn v cng vic ca mnh.
3. T chc hot ng xy dng phi c nng lc hot ng xy dng c xc nh
theo cp bc trn c s nng lc hnh ngh xy dng ca cc c nhn trong t chc,
kinh nghim hot ng xy dng, kh nng ti chnh, thit b v nng lc qun l ca t
chc.
4. T chc, c nhn nc ngoi hot ng xy dng trn lnh th Cng ho x hi ch
ngha Vit Nam phi c nng lc quy nh ti khon 2 v khon 3 iu ny v c
c quan qun l nh nc c thm quyn cp giy php hot ng.
5. Chnh ph quy nh c th v nng lc hot ng xy dng ca t chc, nng lc
hnh ngh xy dng ca c nhn v vic cp chng ch hnh ngh xy dng cho c
nhn.
iu 54 c sa i, b sung nh sau: Cc bc thit k xy dng cng
trnh
119
1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh gm thit k c s, thit k k thut, thit k bn v thi

cng v cc bc thit k khc theo thng l quc t. Thit k c s c lp trong
giai on lp d n u t xy dng cng trnh; cc bc thit k tip theo c lp
trong giai on trin khai thc hin d n u t xy dng cng trnh.
2. Ty theo quy m, tnh cht v mc phc tp ca cng trnh c th, thit k xy
dng cng trnh c th thc hin theo nhiu bc. Ngi quyt nh u t quyt nh
cc bc thit k khi ph duyt d n.
3. Chnh ph quy nh c th cc bc thit k i vi tng loi cng trnh.
iu 59 c sa i, b sung nh sau: Thm nh, ph duyt thit k xy
dng cng trnh
1. Thit k xy dng phi c thm nh v ph duyt. Ngi thm nh, ph duyt
thit k chu trch nhim trc php lut v kt qu thm nh, ph duyt ca mnh.
2. Ngi quyt nh u t t chu trch nhim v vic thm nh thit k c s v cc
ni dung khc ca d n khi thm nh d n u t xy dng cng trnh ph duyt
d n; trong trng hp cn thit, ngi quyt nh u t gi h s ly kin cc c
quan lin quan v thit k c s.
Trong ni dung ph duyt d n phi xc nh r cc gii php thit k c s cn tun
th v cc gii php thit k c s cho php ch u t c thay i trong cc bc
thit k tip theo.
3. Ch u t t chc thm nh, ph duyt cc bc thit k tip theo ph hp vi
thit k c s c duyt.
120
PH LC 4 - TRCH DN TH TC SNG LC MI TRNG TRONG D N GTNT3
(Ngun : S tay iu hnh D n GTNT3)

K hoch cng tc nm: .(nm)
Xc nh d n:
(i) D n ng giao thng (ng huyn hoc ng x):
(ii) D n xy dng cu (Gch b mt trong hai)
Cp hoc loi ng: . hoc cu: (hin ti)
Tn Tnh: ..Tn huyn:
ng: Tn x ni tuyn ng: Bt u ... Kt thc
Cu: Tn x c cy cu.
ng
di ca ng c ci to
Cu
km
di ca cu
Cp ng sau khi c ci to
Tn ca sng:
1. Cng tc sng lc mi tr-ng

Tuyn ng hoc cy cu c nm mt trong nhng khu vc sau hay khng?
Tr li C hoc Khng
V tr ca tuyn ng/cy cu
Khng
Tn ca khu vc
Khu vc c bo v ?
Khu vc di sn vn ho/lch s?
Khu bo tn cnh quan thin nhin ?
Khu vc mi trng sng t nhin thit yu?
i qua ranh gii gia hai tnh ?
Khu vc c rng ?
Khu vc m ly?
Nu tr li l Khng cho tt c cc cu hi v ng hoc cu trong bng trn, sau
khi K hoch cng tc nm c thng qua bi UBND Tnh, th mi tuyn ng hoc
cu trc khi c ci to hay xy dng li cn c Chng nhn ng k t tiu
chun mi trng.
Nu cu tr li l C th cn phi lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng chi tit
(EIA). Trong trng hp ny, nn xem xt la chn mt v tr khc ca tuyn ng
hoc cu trnh nhng vng nu trn. Nu quyt nh tip tc thc hin vi tuyn
121
ng hoc cy cu th S Ti nguyn v Mi trng (DONRE) s hng dn v

nhng yu cu cn thit i vi vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng chi tit
(EIA).
Cng tc sng lc bi: Tn : ..
Chc danh trong Ban QLDA Tnh: ..
Ngy:
2. Danh sch cc tuyn -ng -c sng lc
Tnh:
K hoch cng tc nm: . (nm)
a. Cc tuyn ng
TT
M
ng
Chiu
di (km)
ng
nng cp
ti cp
Tn
Huyn
Tn
sng,
sui
Tn
huyn
Tn x
Bt
u
Kt qu sng lc
Kt
thc
Loi I
EIA
Ghi
ch
Loi II
RMES
1
2
3
4
b. Cu
TT
M
cu
Chiu
di (m)
Tn x
Kt qu sng lc
Loi I EIA
Ghi ch
Loi II
RMES
1
2
3
Trong ct ghi ch nu cn a thm cc thng tin chi tit. V d nh: Gii thch l do
tuyn ng hoc cy cu nm trong vng mi trng nhy cm v c phn loi l
loi I.
Cng tc sng lc bi: Tn :
Tnh: Ngy:
c thng qua bi: Tn : .
Chc danh trong ban QLDA Tnh.......Ngy:
Gi PMU5 cc ti liu: bn sao ph chng 10.3A cng vi RMES
PMU5 kim tra v gi ln theo yu cu ca WB ti HN
3. Chi tit thit k v thi cng -ng
122
a) Thit k
Khon mc
n v
Cp ng
loi
2.1
Tng chiu di ng
Tiu chun
hay khi
lng
Ghi ch
km
2.2
Tng chiu di ng : < 3%
km
2.3
Tng chiu di ng: 3 -10 %
km
2.4
Tng chiu di ng > 10 %
km
4.1
rng thit k ( = rng mt

ng + l ng)
4.2
Chiu di ca ng hin ti
tho mn rng ca thit k
km
4.2
Chiu di ca ng hin ti
khng tho mn rng ca
ng thit k (vng th)
km
rng TB
(m)
4.3
di ca ng hin ti khng
tho mn rng thit k ( tt
c cc ni)
km
rng
TB (m)
4.4
rng mt ng thit k
5.1
Vt liu mt ng hin ti
(a) loi
(b) km
5.2
Vt liu mt ng xut (i)
(a) loi
(b) km
5.3
Vt liu mt ng xut (ii)
(a) loi
(b) km
Khi lng vt liu cn c di

chuyn hoc sp xp xa t khu
vc ca tuyn ng
m3
i. Chi tit v tr
ca vt liu
cn c
chuyn n
ii. C th trong
EMP
Khi lng vt liu nn ng

cn cho nn ng
m3
i. Chi tit v tr
ca m t,
123
si
ii. M t, si
mi hay ang
c?
ii. C th trong
EMP
8
Khi lng dm cn cho mt

ng
m3
9.1
Khi lng nha ng cn cho

mt ng
kgs
9.2
Loi nha ng c s dng
i. nh
tng
hoc
ii. Khng
phi nh
tng
i. Chi tit v tr
ca m :
ii. M mi
hay ang c ?
iii. C th
trong EMP
i. Nu l loi
nh tng, chi
tit phng
php lm sch
v di chuyn
ii. C th trong
EMP
b) Cng trnh khc

Khi tuyn ng c m rng liu c bt k trong s nhng dch v sau cn phi di
chuyn v tr khng? iu ny bao gm nhng dch v trng yu v khng d dng di
chuyn nh nhng ct in b tng c th c trong mt ct ngang ca tuyn ng.
(H tr vic khi phc nhng h tng d dng di chuyn v d nh cc ct in bng
tre, khng bao gm ng dy in).
Dch v
1
in
ng ng nc
in thoi
Knh thu li
Knh thot nc
Khc
Khng
Chi tit on ng (km + m)
4. Thi cng
Vt liu c nh thu vn chuyn n cng trng t nhng m trong khu vc (s
c nh thu xc nh khi trng thu trin khai thi cng)
Cc loi thit b, my mc ch yu s dng trong qu trnh thi cng gm c:
124
o t vn chuyn nguyn vt liu: , t, ng cng

o t ti nc
o My thi cng mt ng ri nha
o My lu
o My m..
o [thit b khc nu c]..
Tng mc u t [in tng mc u t tuyn ng]
5. Cng tc tham vn cng ng
Cng tc tham vn cng ng c thc hin vi cng ng a phng bao gm
nhng vn di y:
o Ngy:
o S ngi tham d:
o Tn x ni h sinh sng:
o Mc ch ca cuc hp:
o Nhng vn c tho lun:
o Nhng vn c a ra bi cng ng a phng:
o Lm th no nhng vn trn c gii quyt
S lp li i vi mi cuc hp c t chc v thng tin ca d n. S cuc hp ti
thiu l 1, trong khi mt lot cc cuc hp khng chnh thc c th c t chc vi
cng ng a phng trong sut qu trnh thu thp s liu ca d n.
6. Cc ngun gy nhim
a) Mc di dn
Tuyn ng s phi m rng trn [in s km nu c] trong tng chiu di tuyn. Vic
m rng s c thc hin [hai bn hnh lang, d kin t thu hi, nh hng n
ngi dn phi di di ..] .Cht lng mi trng v cht lng cuc sng ca ngi
dn s c ci thin ng k sau khi hon thnh xy dng tuyn ng. Do mt
ng c nng cp s thc y giao lu hng ha, vn ha gia ngi dn a
phng cc vng khc.
b) Cc ngun pht sinh cht thi trong qu trnh thi cng
Cng nh cc d n nng cp ng nng thn qui m nh khc, vic nng cp tuyn
ng c d bo l khng c tc ng ln ti mi trng, cc tc ng ch l nhng
tc ng tm thi trong thi gian thi cng v c th hn ch, kim sot c bao gm:
Bi v kh thi:
Nhng ngun pht sinh:
o
Bi pht sinh do t cc ph thi
125
Do cc hot ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, hot ng xy dng o p

nn ng
Do cht thi sinh hot t cc lu tri ca cng nhn nu khng c qun

l tt.
Do vn hnh cc thit b my mc thi cng trn cng trng.
Kh nng trong qu trnh thi cng tri nha mt ng
[ cc ngun thi khc nu c].
Mc thi v nh hng:
o
Hm lng bi v kh pht sinh do hot ng ca d n l khng ng k

v mang tnh tm thi bi qui m d n nh. Tuy nhin cc cht kh pht
sinh c th gy nh hng ti khong cch 200-300m xui theo chiu gi.
Tuyn ng c nng cp s gp phn gim thiu s pht sinh bi ca

cc hot ng giao thng trn ng.
[ cc vn khc]
Nc thi:
Nhng ngun pht sinh:
Nc thi trong qu trnh xy dng c to ra t cc ngun:
o
Nc thi t cc trm trn b tng tn cng trng phc v cho vic xy

k cng
Nc thi cha du m bi trn cho my do cc hot ng v sinh

phng tin thi cng.
Nc thi do cc hot ng sinh hot hng ngy ca cng nhn.
Nc thi do cc dng ma chy trn mang theo cc vt liu trn cng

trng
Nc thi do cc hot ng lm mt tuabin v ng c my.
[cc ngun thi khc nu c]
Mc thi v nh hng:
o
Cc hot ng thi cng mi ngy trung bnh to ra khong [ s m3 nc

thi c tnh/ngy] m3 nc thi.
Cc loi nc lm mt c th c tn dng li.
[cc vn khc]
Cht thi rn:

Nhng ngun pht sinh:
Cht thi rn pht sinh ch yu t cc ngun sau:
o
Vt liu o khng tn dng li c
126
Nguyn vt liu tha (gch vn, va tha, btng nha tha..)
Rc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn.
Mc thi v nh hng:
o
Cc hot ng thi cng mi ngy trung bnh to ra khong [s kg cht thi

c tnh/ngy] cht thi.
[cc vn khc]
Ting n:
Nhng ngun pht sinh:
Ting n pht sinh ch yu t cc ngun sau:
o
T vic vn hnh cc thit b xe i, xe ko, xe san nn v cc xe ti.
Rung ng v ting n cn pht sinh do cc my mc c khng c bo

tr (c vt lng lo, khng c bi trn thng xuyn..).
Mc v nh hng:
o
C th kim sot v gim thiu
[cc vn khc nu c]
Lng trc mt s s c c th xy ra do trin khai d n:

o
Tai nn lao ng (chy, n) v tai nn giao thng
Vn trn v r r ho cht cng c th xy ra nu vic bo qun khng

c thc hin nghim tc.
Vn xi mn v lng ng.
[cc vn khc nu c].
7. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim

Bi v kh thi:
o
Nh thu s kim sot bi bng cch thng xuyn phun nc trn

nhng tuyn ng trong khi thi cng nhng khng phun qu nhiu gy
bn cun tri.
Trang b cho cng nhn cc trang thit b lao ng nh khu trang, gng
tay m bo sc kho lao ng.
Nh thu phi tt cc thit b my mc khi khng thi cng
Nh thu phi kim tra tt c cc my mc thit b ti hin trng v thc

hin iu chnh v sa cha cn thit p ng yu cu m bo mi
trng v yu cu an ton khi thi cng.
127
m bo cc xe chuyn ch vt liu lu thng trn ng phi c che

chn ph kn trnh pht tn bi.
[cc bin php khc]
Nc thi:
o
m bo khng nc ra my mc thit b chy vo ngun nc sui

hoc knh mng.
Nh thu phi m bo cc dng chy do nc ma khng c x trc

tip vo ngun nc, sui hoc knh, s dng b lng hoc chn bn nu
yu cu.
Nh thu phi m bo tt c cc nc thi sinh hot c thu gom v

x l trit trc khi ho vo ngun thi chung.
Khng cht thi rn vo ngun nc.
[cc bin php khc]..
Cht thi rn:

o
Nh thu phi m bo khng c bt c t , mnh vn

pht sinh trong hot ng thi cng k c cc cht thi pht sinh do vn
chuyn my mc ra cc khu vc t cng cng hoc ca c nhn m
cha c s chp thun ca ch s hu.
Rc thi sinh hot v xy dng phi c thu gom hng ngy v

vo ng ni quy nh c s chp thun ca chnh quyn a
phng.
[cc bin php khc].
o
Ting n:
o
m bo my mc s dng trong thi cng l loi gim ting n c

hiu qu nht.
m bo tt c cc my mc thit b thi cng u c trang b

thit b gim thanh hp l.
Nu c nhu cu thi cng ban m th ch c tin hnh cc loi

cng vic t gy n v thng bo trc cho ngi dn a phng.
[cc bin php khc]..
o
S c mi trng:
o
Trnh t thc hin i ph vi cc tnh hung khn cp bao gm

nh trn vt liu ho cht phi c nghin cu k lng v cc nhn
vin phi c o to kho hc chuyn mn.
Trong trng hp mi trng khn cp, Nh thu phi ngay lp

tc thng bo cho T vn v thc hin cc hng dn ca t vn
khc phc tnh hung.
[cc bin php khc]..

128
Ngoi ra, cc vn mi trng khc c a ra trong K hoch qun l mi trng

i vi cc d n nng cp ng nng thn nu c th v cc cng tc mi trng v
hng dn thc hin cc hot ng mi trng c a vo H s mi thu v H
s hp ng nh mt yu cu bt buc s tun th ca Nh thu gm c: (chi tit nh
nh km)
35EN Ti sinh khu vc thi cng
36EN Mang vt liu thi b ra ngoi cng trng thi cng
37EN Thu dn cng trng v b vt liu ph thi
38EN S dng v ng ca cc m t
39EN S dng v ng ca cc m
40EN Phn phi li dch v
41EN Kim sot bi
42EN Kim sot n v chn ng
43EN X l nhin liu v du m
44EN S dng lao ng ph thng
45EN Vn an ton v sc kho cho cng nhn lao ng
46EN Nhn thc v HIV/AIDS
47EN Pht hin cc c vt vn ho
48EN S dng nhin liu g
49EN m bo an ton ng
129

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Thiet Ke Duong GTNT

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D n Giao thng Nng thn 3

Ti liu o to - Thit k ng GTNT

CC TIU CHUN THIT K NG HIN HNH CA VIT NAM .. 5

1.1 Gii thiu............................................................................................................ 5

La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k ...................................................... 5

Tiu chun k thut hnh hc tuyn .......................................................... 6

Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng ....................................... 10

Tiu chun k thut nn ng ............................................................... 12

Tiu chun k thut mt ng ............................................................... 14

1.3 Tiu chun thit k ng GTNT 22 TCN 210-92, cc tn ti v yu cu sa

La chn quy m - tiu chun thit k .................................................... 14

Tiu chun k thut nn ng ............................................................... 15

Tiu chun k thut mt ng ............................................................... 17

Tiu chun k thut cc cng trnh trn ng ....................................... 20

Cc cn c la chn quy m - tiu chun thit k .............................. 24

Quy m - tiu chun thit k ng giao thng nng thn ..................... 26

Ch dn thit k hnh hc ng trong D n ......................................... 27

Ch dn thit k nn ng trong D n ................................................. 35

Ch dn thit k mt ng trong D n ................................................ 36

Ch dn thit k cc cng trnh trn ng trong D n ......................... 38

CC GIAI ON THIT K NG ...................................................... 41

1.5 Gii thiu.......................................................................................................... 41

Cc Lut v Ngh nh c p dng:..................................................... 41

Cc ni dung c bn ca cc giai on thit k ...................................... 41

1.7 Cc giai on thit k ng trong d n GTNT 3 ......................................... 42

D n Giao thng Nng thn 3

Trnh t trin khai .................................................................................... 43

Ni dung lp d n u t cc tiu d n (cc tuyn ng) ................. 49

Thit k bn v thi cng .......................................................................... 53

CNG TC THIT K TRONG D N GIAO THNG NNG THN 3 58

3.1 Gii thiu.......................................................................................................... 58

Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b ............................................ 80

Khi nim v thit k ti u mi trng ................................................. 82

4.3 Thit k tuyn trong ng GTNT theo quan im ti u ho mi trng .... 82

Sng lc mi trng cc tuyn ng a vo k hoch nm ............... 82

Th tc sng lc ban u v mi trng ................................................. 83

4.4 La chn kt cu mt ng theo quan im ti u ho mi trng .............. 83

Quy trnh la chn loi mt ng ......................................................... 86

Tnh ton v tng hp d liu ................................................................. 90

M hnh la chn cc loi mt ng ..................................................... 99

PH LC 1 - TRCH DN LUT S 16/2003/QH11 - LUT XY DNG ....... 105

D n Giao thng Nng thn 3

Cc tiu chun thit k -ng hin hnh ca Vit Nam

Cc giai on thit k -ng

Cng tc thit k trong D n GTNT 3

D n Giao thng Nng thn 3

Thit k -ng GTNT theo quan im ti -u ho mi tr-ng

1. Tiu chun thit k ng TCVN-4054-1985 v p dng trong

2. Tiu chun thit k ng GTNT 22TCN 210-92, cc tn ti 4 tit

v cc yu cu sa i p dng trong thit k ng GTNT.

3. Thit k bn v thi cng

Cc tnh hung nghin cu

ton ng b trong vng trung du.

- Tnh hung 3 Thit k hnh hc ng v h thng thit b an

ton ng b trong vng a hnh ni kh.

- Tnh hung 4 Thit k kt cu mt ng mm.

1. Khi nim cc yu t mi trng ng b v Thit k ti u.

2. Thit k tuyn trong ng GTNT theo quan im ti u ho

3. La chn kt cu mt ng theo quan im ti u ha mi

D n Giao thng Nng thn 3

CC TIU CHUN THIT K NG

Kt thc phn o to, hc vin c th :

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