Tin Ung Dung

PHN MM TNH TON
H THNG IN
Ts. NGUYN ng Ton
Khoa HT-HL
Tm tt ni dung

Thi: trn my tnh

Ni dung

2/23/2011
Gii thiu chung

Bi ton tro lu cng sut
POWERWORLD (tnh ton cho li truyn ti)
PSS/E
PSS/ADEPT
DOCWIN (Tnh ton li h p)
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung
1.1 Lch s pht trin ca HT

Nm 1882, Thomas Alva Edison ln u thit
lp nh my in M, vi ti l 400 bng n,
cng sut 83 W/1bng.
in p l 110 V mt chiu (dc=direct current)
ng thi chu U, cc HT cng truyn ti,
phn phi in nng n ph ti cho mc ch s
dng chung (chiu sng cc con ng, qung
trng)

Bng n ca Edison
http://www.wikipedia.com/
Nm 1885, Ferranti thit kt mt ht, bt u t mt nh my in

Deptford bn b sng Thames cung cp in cho th London:
S dng dng in xoay chiu, Dng h thng cp ngm

in p 10kV

2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung
1.1 Lch s pht trin ca HT (tip)

Hai yu t quyt nh n s pht trin

ca HT hin nay l:
S pht minh MBA (ch lm vic vi dng

in xoay chiu)
S pht minh ca T trng quay: =>ng c
v my pht in nhiu pha
Cui cng, nhng ngi ng h htd-AC

chin thng Cuc chin cc h thng
in
Ngy nay, HT ch yu dng h
thng dng in 3 pha xoay chiu
Pht minh ca Tesla (US390721): my pht in Dynamo

http://www.wikipedia.com/
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung
1. 2 S pht trin ca HT v s cn thit PMTTHT

IPP
HT ng mt vai tr
quan trng v ngy
cng pht trin
Cn kit ti nguyn
thin nhin
Ngun
Than
p lc mi trng
Thy in
Ht nhn
Truyn ti
IPP
H thng
khc
ng dy
Lin lc
Tnh ton phc tp
Phi iu tit
in phn tn
HV/MV
Ti cng
nghip
Cn thit cc
cng c tnh ton
(PMTTHT)
HV/MV
Ti cng
nghip
MV/LV
MV/LV
Ta nh
2/23/2011
Ti dn
dng
Ti tng
Phn phi
5
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung
1.3 Cc loi hin tng xy ra trong HT

Phn loi cc hin tng theo thi gian

Qu i
n p do st
PSS/E,
EUROSTAG,
DIGISLENT
Qu in t
Qu i
n p do ng/c
t /d
EMTP_RV,
PSCAD,.
C
ng h
ng t
n s
th
p
Qu in c
n nh qu
/dao
ng b
Ch

ng di h
n
i
u chnh /d lin l
c
Bi ton offline
i
u chnh t
i ngy
10-7
10-6
10-5
1
s , t
n s
50Hz
10-4
10-3
10-2
Kho
ng 1 chu k
10
102
0.1
1
Khong thi gian (giy: s)
1s
1 pht
103
1 gi
104
105
106
107
1 ngy
Cn2/23/2011
chn ng cng c, tng
viTon
cc hin tng cn nghin cu6
TS. ng
Nguyn ng
1. Gii thiu chung
1.3 Cc loi hin tng xy ra trong HT

V d: khi nghin cu n nh cc phn t trong HT

n nh ngn hn
n nh di hn
n nh trung hn
Gii hn kch t
Q/tr ng ca ng c in
Ch ng do vn hnh
ng ct t in
iu chnh dng cng sut trn /d lin lc

iu khin b tua bin-my pht
Q/tr ng ca MP/kch t
MBA t ng iu p di ti
Qun tnh ng ca MP
SVC
0.1
2/23/2011
1000
10
100
Kho
ng th
i gian (giy: s)
10000
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung
1.4 Vn cn quan tm khi chn PMTTHT

M hnh v phng php ton hc

Tuyn tnh v phi tuyn

Tiu chun tnh v ng
Thng s tng hp v thng s di
Lin tc v ri rc
Xc nh v khng xc nh

Phn tch ch xc lp: xc nh tro lu

cng sut, in p, tn tht
Phng php gi xc lp: tnh ton ngn
mch, v sng hi.
Phn tch ng: kim tra xem HT c mt
n nh, thm ch sp in p khi tri
qua cc kch ng v xc nh gii hn
vn hnh ca HT
Phn tch qu trnh qu : m phng s
lm vic theo thi gian thc, bao gm cc
m hnh phi tuyn, s mt cn bng in
khng, thng s ph thuc tn s
2/23/2011
S sn c ca cc m hnh thit b
in nh MP, MBA, kch t, ng
dy..
S thn thin ngi-my

Mi trng ph thuc thi gian

Mi trng ph thuc tn s
Cc thit b trong th vin

Ty theo mc ch nghin cu m
ngi ta s dng cc m phng khc
nhau
Mi trng m phng
Cc phng php phn tch

Cc dng m phng
S dng d dng, cc tnh nng ph

tr nh in n, xut ra file s liu, kt
qu..
S tun theo cc tiu chun

TS. Nguyn ng Ton
Cc tiu chun k thut v cng

nghip, v d nh IEEE, IEC, ..
1. Gii thiu chung
1.5 Mt s PMTTHT in hnh

1. EMTP-RV
10. CYME
2. PSCAD
11. DIgSILENT
3. EMPT-ATP
12. SIMPOW
4. PSS@NETOMAC
13. POWERWORLD
5. NEPLAN
14. EDSA
6. PSS/E-ADEPT
15. IPSA
7. PSLF
16. ETAP
8. EUROSTAG
17. ASPEN
9. SKM
18. Easy Power
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1. Gii thiu chung

19. DSA-TOOLS
28. ObjectStab
20. MATPOWER
29. SPIRA
21. PSAT
30. Quickstab
22. MICROTRAN
31. CAPE
23. SIMPOWER SYSTEM
32. DINIS
24. UWPFLOW
33. SPARD
25. PQWeb, SuperHarm,
34. PacDyn
26. FENDI
35. MiPower
27. HOMER, HYBRID 2
36. TRANSMISSION 2000
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
10
1. Gii thiu chung

Cc phn mm:
Thng mi:
Do cc cng ty phn mm pht

hnh, Chnh xc, d dng, s
lng m hnh ln nhng t tin,
Min ph:
Do cc trung tm nghin cu pht

trin, s lng m hnh t, kh
dng, nhng min ph
Cc tnh nng:
Qu

1. EMTP-RV
2. PSCAD
3. EMPT-ATP
4. EUROSTAG
5. CYME
6. DIgSILENT
in t, in c
7. POWERWORLD
Cc dng n nh
Xem thm trong bo co
8. UWPLOW
Gc, tn s, in p
Cc bi ton ti u
Cc bi ton offline
9. SIMPOW
10. .
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
11
2. Bi ton tro lu cng sut
2.1 Cc vn chung ca bi ton tro lu cng sut

Cn thit cho mi cc bi ton khc

Cho bit cc thng tin

Qui hoch
Thit k
Vn hnh
Cc bi ton nghin cu khc
U (V), I(A), , P (MW), Q (MVAr) trn cc nhnh, tn tht,
..
L bi ton i s phi tuyn

2/23/2011
F(x)=0
Trong x l: U, I, P, Q, ..
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
12
2.1 Cc vn chung ca bi ton tro lu cng sut

Yu cu tnh ton cc thng s

P, Q, V,
Thng bit 2 trong 4 thng s, phi tnh 2 thng s cn li
Cc loi nt
2/23/2011
Nt cn bng: cho bit modul V v cn tm P,Q ( nt ny thng l

nt nh my in)- Slack hay Swing bus. Trong HT thng ch c
mt nt cn bng
Nt PV: hay cn gi l nt iu chnh in p, bit P, V, cn tnh Q, .
Thng l nt nh my in hoc nt c my b, t b, FACTS
Nt PQ: thng l nt ph ti, bit PQ, cn tnh V v , s lng nt
PQ l nhiu nht trong HT
13
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
2.2 M hnh thit b

ng dy
M hnh ng dy di v
trung bnh
M hnh ng dy h p
Ph ti
Thng thng,
ng c / khc
My bin p
MBA thng thng
C b phn iu p di ti
2/23/2011
My pht in
C bn
Chi tit
Cc thit b khc
HVDC. FACTS, .
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
Ch : M hnh thit
b cho mi nghin
cu khc nhau l
khc nhau
14
2.2.1
NG
ng
DY
dy
TItiIN
in
R
2/23/2011
15
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
/dtt l thit b q/t trong ht

Trn khng/cp ngm
Cc thng s c bn ca /d
trn khng:
R, G, L,C
Trong
C nhiu loi /d khc nhau

L = 2 x10 ln
Deq
Ds
( H / m)
1/ 3
2/23/2011
Cng c cc thng s c bn
C mt s tnh cht khc:
Deq = (d ab d bc d ca ) ( m)
C=
dab,dbc,dca: khong cch gia

cc pha
r: bn knh dy dn
ng dy cp ngm
Deq l k/cch tnh ton
2k
( F / m)
Deq
ln
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
Cc pha t gn nhau hn
c qun quanh bi lp
cch in, tm chn kim loi ..
Cch in hin nay ch yu l
loi XLPE..
16
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
ng dy ngn
Z=(R+jX)=(r0+jL)l
M hnh mng hai ca

V1=AV2+BI2
I1=CV2+DI2
Trong : A= 1, B=Z, C=0,

D=1
V

ng dy trung bnh:dng
m hnh
V1 = V2+ZI2
I1 = I2
Nu dng m hnh mng 2

ca:

V1=AV2+BI2
I1=CV2+DI2
Trong :
2/23/2011
Z=(R+jX)
Y=(g+jC)
A=(1+ZY/2), B=Z,
C=Y(1+YZ/4), D=(1+ZY/2)
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
17
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
V d xt on ca /d di

z=R+jX
y=G+JC
Mt on rt nh
in p:
dV=i.(z.dx) =>i.z=(dV/dx)
Dng in:
di=V.y.dx => di/dx = V.y
Gi s ta bit /a v d/
cui /dy (x=0)
T hai p/trnh trn ta c
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
18
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
Trong

ZC l tng tr c tnh
l hng s truyn sng
Kh nng mang ti t nhin

(natural load or surge
impedance load -SlL)
i vi /d ti in thng
thng (G=~0, R<<L)
Nu /d l khng tn tht, R=0,

th
v L
= j LC
ZC =
SIL=Vo2/ZC (W)
Nu V0 l in p pha=> cng thc
trn l SIL pha
Nu V0 l in p dy=> cng thc
trn l SIL 3 pha
Dng v p:
Dng v p cng pha vi nhau dc

theo /d
2/23/2011
19
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
S thay th hnh
Ze=~Z=R+JX
Ye=~Y/2

/dy

2/23/2011
Ngn (<80km) (c th b qua Ye

Trung bnh (>80km, <200km) ( c th
biu din bng s hnh thng
thng
Di (>200km) Phn thnh cc /dy
trung bnh,

TS. Nguyn ng Ton
V d v mt s ng dy
/d 500kV, vi chiu di 160km, tnh

cc thng s ca s thay th
X=52Ohm= 0,2pu
B=Y/2=0,1pu
BC= 160x5.20x 10 -6= 8. 32x 10-4
siemens
BC= 8. 32x 10-4 250=0.208pu
20
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
21
2.2.1 ng dy ti in

V d : ng dy ngn:
Cho mt /d 220kV, dai 40km, r0= 0,15/1km,
L0=1,3263mH/1km, b qua in dung, s dng m hnh ng
dy ngn tnh in p v cng sut u u v u cui
ng dy, tnh in p iu chnh khi mang ti 381MVA,
cos=0,8 chm sau
Vi in p iu chnh =(in p khng ti cui ng dyin p y ti cui ng dy)/ in p y ti cui ng
dy
(trang146)
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
22
2.2.1 ng dy ti in
Cc m hnh ng dy khc

2/23/2011
ng dy c t b dc
ng dy c khng b ngang
ng dy c t b ngang
Cc ng dy c thit b b linh hot FACTS v HVDC
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
23
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
24
V d v HVDC link
B bin i
Thanh
MC
gp
MBA
AC
B
lc
Cu chnh/nghch lu
in cc
B lc
xoay
chiu
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
25
2.2.2 Ph ti in
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
26
2.2.2 Ph ti in
ng vai tr quan trng trong mi

nghin cu
Thng dng m hnh ti tnh ZIP
Trong

P = P0 p1V + p2V + p3 1 + k p f f
Q = Q0 q1V 2 + q2V + q3 1 + kq f f
2
Hoc l:
2
P = P0 Z p (V / V0 ) + I p (V / V0 ) + Pp
2
Q = Q0 Z q (V / V0 ) + I q (V / V0 ) + Qq
Hoc l:
Pv
V f
P = P0
V0 f 0
2/23/2011
Pf
V
Q = Q0
V0
Qv
f

f0

Qf
P, Q: l cng sut tc dng phn

khng ti mt nt ti
P0, Q0: l cng sut tc dng v
phn khng ti nt ti ch
ban u
p1, p2, p3 v q1, q2, q3: l cc
thnh phn din t in khng
khng i, dng in khng i
v cng sut khng i vi tng
ca chng bng 1.0.
kpff, kqff l cc thnh phn ph
thuc tn s
Trong cng thc di

TS. Nguyn ng Ton
P0, Q0 l cng sut tc dng v

phn khng ti gi tr in p
V=1.0(pu),
Pv, Qv l h s m nhy theo P
v Q.
27
V d: nh hng ca ph tai ZIP n n st p

0.91
VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE (PU)
0.90
0.89
0.88
0.87
0.86
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
28
2.2.2 Ph ti in
M hnh ti hn hp

Tnh theo % ng c ln
% ng ng c nh
% cng sut khng i
% bng n
% loi khc
Ti chi tit
ng c in
V d m hnh CLOAD
2/23/2011
29
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
V d v sp in p vi ti ng c
Vng Pht
1
P, Q
3
8
G1
C5
2
G2
C6
C7
Vng ti
Cng sut phn khng ca G3
G3
C8
Khong t.gian qu
11
10
C9
ULTC
Tc dng ca ULTC (t=35 s)

Tc ng ca b OEL(t=65s)
V d v HT BPA
Cc thit b

Sp in p(t=80s)
iu p di ti ULTC (nt 10 v 11)

Gii hn kch t OEL (G3)
Ti ng c nt 8
Kch bn sp in p
Khi t=5s, ct 1 mch 6 - 7

in p nt 11
0 5
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
35
65
80
100(s)
30
30
2.3 My bin p
2/23/2011
31
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
2.2.3 My bin p
Trong tnh ton tro lu

cng sut, MBA c biu
din bi m hnh pi thng
thng
Khi t s bin i tng i
bng 1 ( u phn p vn
hnh nc 0) s tng
ng nh hnh v
Khi dng u phn p (nc

iu chnh khc 0). Lc
MBA c m t nh sau
MBA
i
i Ii
yMBA
Vj
Vx
1:a
yMBA
MBA
2/23/2011
Ij
x
yMBA
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
j
a 1
yMBA
a
1 a
2 yMBA
a
32
2.2.3 My bin p
Gi thit MBA khng c b

pha
1
Vx = Vj
a
I i = a * I j
Dng in Ii c tnh nh
sau
Ii = y t (Vi Vx )
Thay Vx vo ta c
1
I i = y t Vi Vj
a
2/23/2011

1
ng thi ta c I j = * Ii
a
Thay vo ta c
y
y
I j = *t Vi + t2 Vj
a
a
Vit di dng ma trn
y
I i t
I = y t
j *
a
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
yt
a Vi
y t V
j
2
a
33
2.2.4 My pht in
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
34
2.2.4 My pht in v HVDC, FACTS

Khi tnh tro lu cng sut: MP nh l mt ngun

bm cng sut tc dng v phn khng
Khi tnh ton n nh, ti u, cc bi ton khc cn c
m hnh chi tit, c tnh tiu hao nhin liu, cc b
iu khin,
Tng t nh vy i vi FACTS, HVDC
2/23/2011
35
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
2.3 Tng tr, tng dn v ma trn tng dn

Tng tr:
Tng dn:

Cho ng dy : z=r+jx
y=1/z=1/(r+jx)=g+jb
Ma trn tng dn
V d ( page:191)
n
Yii = y ij voi j i
I1
I2
y10=-j1
1
y13=-j5
y12=-j2,5
j= 0
2
y23=-j5
y34=-j12,5
Yij = Yji = yij

y20=-j1,25
Phng trnh: Int=Ynt.Vnt
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
36
2.4 Phng php tnh ton: Gauss-Seidel

L phng php lp dng tnh ton nghim ca pt

i s phi tuyn: f(x)=0
Bin i di dng: x=g(x)
Nu gi x(k) l nghim d on ban u, th nghim ti
bc lp tip theo l:
x(k+1) =g(x(k) )
Nghim cui cng nhn c khi m sai s gia hai
bc lp nh hn sai s cho php
| x(k+1) - x(k) |
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
37

V d: Tnh nghim ca pt f(x)=x3-6x2+9x-4=0

Gii:
Bin i v dng x=g(x), x=-1/9x3+6/9x2+4/9
Pt thc ra c 3 nghim, trong x12=1, x3=4, nu gi s ly gi tr ban u l
x(0)=2
(1)
3
2
Th x = g(2)=-1/9(2) +6/9(2) +4/9=2,222
(2)
(1)
Bc lp tip theo: x = g(x )= g(2,222)=1/9(2,222)3+6/9(2,222)2+4/9=2,5173
Tng t nh vy n bc lp tip theo: 2,8966, 3,7398, 3,9568, 3,9933 v
4,000
Nh vy: G-S cn nhiu bc lp t n sai s cn thit, v nghim ph
thuc vo gi tr d on ban u, ( nu x(0)=6 th c th khng hi t
Ngi ta c th tng tc bng h s : x(k+1) =x(k) + [g(x(k) )- x(k) ]
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
38

Nu c n phng trnh v n bin

f1(x1, x2,, xn)=c1
f2(x1, x2,, xn)=c2
...
(*)
fn(x1, x2,, xn)=cn
Cch gii tng t, khi bin i thnh h pt
x1=c1+g1(x1, x2,, xn)
x2=c2+g2(x1, x2,, xn)

(**)
xn=cn+gn(x1, x2,, xn)
Qu trnh lp din ra tng t vi gi tr ban u: (x1(0), x2(0),, xn(0)) v gi
tr bc lp tip theo tnh bi (**) (x1(1), x2(1),, xn(1))
Cng c th dng h s tng tc : xi (k+1) =xi (k) + [xi_tinh toan (k+1)xi (k) ]
2/23/2011
39
TS. Nguyn ng Ton

Tnh ton cho HT

Phng trnh cn bng theo nh lut Kirchoff 1
n
j= 0
j=1
Ii = Vi y ij yij Vj j i
Cng sut tc dng v phn khng
Pi + jQ i = Vi I i
Ii =
Ii
P jQ
Ii = i * i
Vi
Thay vo ta
c
yi1
Vi
yi2
V1
V2
yin
Vn
yi0
n
n
Pi jQ i
=
V
y
y ij Vj j i
i
ij
*
Vi
j= 0
j=1
Phng trnh trn dng tnh ton trong Gauss-seidel
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
40

Khi tnh ton tro lu cng sut, ta phi gii h phng trnh
phi tuyn, vi mi nt c hai bin cha bit, nu dng Gaussseidel th ta gii cho Vi
sch
sch
Pi sch jQ i sch
( k +1)
Vi ( k +1) =
Vi
*( k )
+ y ij Vj ( k )
(k)
j=1
voi j i
ij
Vi yij l tng dn nhnh, Pisch, Qisch l c/s tc dng v phn

khng ti nt i. Nu l nt my pht th Pisch, Qisch l cng
sut bm vo nt I c gi tr dng, cn nt ph ti th Pisch,
Qisch l cng sut ly t nt i , c gi tr m
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
41

Sau khi tnh c Vi th ta c th tnh c cng sut ti cc

nt
n
* ( k ) ( k ) n
(k)
= R Vi
V i y ij y ij V j voi j i
j= 0
j= 1
* ( k ) ( k ) n
( k +1)
(k)
Qi
= Im V i
V i y ij y ij V j voi j i
j= 0
j=1
Pi
( k +1)
Lu l:
Pi
( k +1)
Qi
2/23/2011
Yii = y ij , Yij = nn
y ij
( k +1)
phng trnh trn tr thnh
n
*( k ) ( k )
(k)
= R Vi
V Yii + Yij Vj voi j i
i
j=1

j i
n
*( k ) ( k )
(k )
= ImVi Vi Yii + Yij Vj voi j i voi j i
j=1
i
TS. Nguynjng
Ton
42

Cc ch : iu kin lm vic bnh thng th in p ca cc nt

xp x 1(hoc gn vi nt cn bng), in p cc nt ti thng nh
hn in p nt cn bng mt cht ty thuc vo cng sut phn
khng ca ti, cc gc pha ca nt ti cng nh hn gc pha ca nt
cn bng
i vi nt P-Q, th Pisch v Qisch l bit trc, i vi nt P-V th
ch Pisch v modul |Vi| l bit trc, cn phi tnh Qi(k+1) v sau
tnh Vi(k+1) tuy nhin th phn |Vi| bit trc, ch phn o ca Vi gi
li, cn phn thc cn tnh sao cho
(e ) + (f
( k +1) 2
ei
( k +1)
) =V
)
(f
( k +1) 2
i
Vi
( k +1) 2
V d (page211)
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
43
2.5 Phng php tnh ton: Newton Raphson

c dng rng ri tnh ton nghim ca phng trnh i

s phi tuyn f(x)=c
Nu gi x(0)l nghim ban u, v x(0) l sai s t nghim
ng khi ta c
f(x(0)+ x(0) )=c
Khai trin theo chui Taylor ta c
(0)
1 d 2f
df
f x ( 0 ) + x ( 0 ) + 2
2! dx
dx
( )
( 0)
(x )
( 0) 2
+ ... = c
Nu coi x(0) l rt nh th cc thnh phn bc cao c th b

qua lc ta c
( 0)
df
c ( 0) x ( 0 ) voi c ( 0) = c f x ( 0 )
dx
2/23/2011
( )
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
44

T y ta c
x (1) = x ( 0) + x ( 0 ) = x ( 0 ) +
df

dx
c ( k ) = j( k ) x ( k )
(0)
(k )
Thut ton NewtonRaphson c tng kt nh

sau
( )
c ( k ) = c f x ( k )
c
x ( k ) =
x ( k +1)
j
(k)
(k )
df

dx
= x ( k ) + x ( k )
2/23/2011
C th rt gn nh sau
(0)
df
=
dx
(k )
Qu trnh lp kt thc khi |

x(k+1) - x(k) |
Tc hi t kh nhanh khi
nghim d on ban u gn
vi nghim chnh xc
(V d page 201)
45
TS. Nguyn ng Ton

V d: Tnh nghim ca pt
f(x)=x3-6x2+9x-4=0
Gi s gi tr ban u x(0)=6,
Tnh o hm bc mt
df(x)/dx = 3x2-12x+9
c ( 0) = c f ( x ( 0) ) = 0 (6) 6.(6 ) + 9.(6 ) 4 = 50

df

dx
Do , kt qu ca bc lp
th nht:
x (1) = x (0 ) + x (0) = 6 1,111 = 4,8889
Tng t, ta c kt qu
cc bc lp tip theo
(0 )
x ( 0) =
= 3.(6 ) 12.(6 ) + 9 = 45
c ( 0 )
df

dx
(0 )
50
= 1.1111
45
x ( 3) = x ( 2 ) + x ( 2 )
x ( 4 ) = x ( 3 ) + x ( 3)
x (5 ) = x ( 4 ) + x ( 4 )
2/23/2011
13,4431
= 4,2789
22,037
2,9981
= 4,2789
= 4,0405
12,5797
0,3748
= 4,0405
= 4,0011
9,2914
0,0095
= 4,0011
= 4,000
9,0126
x ( 2 ) = x (1) + x (1) = 4,8889
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
46

Vi mt h thng n n cng tng t

Mi bc lp phi tnh li ma trn J ( ma trn
Jacobian)
Tc hi t nhanh
Kh nng hi t ph thuc vo im d on nghim
ban u
2/23/2011
47
TS. Nguyn ng Ton

Xt hpt m t HT
I&i =
Y& V&
ij
Pi jQi = Vi ( i )
j =1
ij
V j ij + j
j =1
Cng sut phc l

Pi
2/23/2011
V j Yij cos ij i + j
j =1
n
Qi =
V j Yij sin ij i + j
j =1
jQi = V&i* I&i
Thay Ii ta c
V j ij + j
Cc gi tr P, Q l
Pi =

ij
j =1
Vit di dng ta cc
I&i =
Cng sut phc
P/t trn l mt tp cc p/t i

s phi tuyn
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
48

S dng khai trin chui Taylor, b qua cc o hm bc cao

ta c kt qu sau:
P ( k )
2
(k)
P
2
2
M
(k )
M
Pn
(k)
Pn = 2
Q ( k ) Q2 ( k )
2
M 2
M
(k)
Qn Q ( k )
n
2
2/23/2011
(k )
P2
n
O
M
(k )
Pn
L
n
L
(k )
Q2
n
O
M
(k )
Qn
L
n
L
P2 ( k )
P2 ( k )
L
V2
Vn
(k )
M
O
M 2
(k )
( k )
M
Pn
Pn
L
(k )
V2
Vn
n
(k)
(k )
( k )
Q2
Q2
V2
V2
Vn
M
M
O
M
(k )
(k )
( k )
Vn
Qn
Qn
V2
Vn
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
49

y gi s nt 1 l nt cn bng
Ma trn jacobian cung cp mt mi lin h tuyn tnh gia
(k), |V|(k) vi s thay i Pi(k) v Qi(k)
Vit di dng ngn gn ta c:
P J 1
Q = J
3
J 2
J 4 V
i vi nt P-V, th gi s c m nt PV, m ptrnh bao gm

Q, V tng ng vi cc ct ca ma trn Jacobian s b b
i, v ta c: n-1 rng buc v P, n-1-m rng buc v Q
Bc ca ma trn Jacobian l: (2n-2-m) x(2n-2-m)
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
50

Bc ca J1 l (n-1)x(n-1)
Bc ca J2 l (n-1)x(n-1-m)
Bc ca J3 l (n-1-m)x(n-1)
Bc ca J4 l (n-1-m)x(n-1-m)
Cc gi tr ca J1,
Pi
=
i
V j Yij sin ij i + j
j 1
Pi
= Vi V j Yij sin ij i + j voi i j
j
2/23/2011
51
TS. Nguyn ng Ton

Cc gi tr ca J2,
Pi
= 2 Vi V j Yij cos ij +
Vi
Pi
Vj
Yij cos ij i + j
j i
= Vi Yij cos ij i + j voi i j
Cc gi tr ca J3,
Qi
=
i
V j Yij cos ij i + j
j 1
Qi
= Vi V j Yij cos ij i + j voi i j
j
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
52

Cc gi tr ca J4,
Qi
= 2 Vi V j Yij sin ij
Vi
Qi
Vj
Yij sin ij i + j
j i
= Vi Yij sin ij i + j voi i j
Cc gi tr Pi(k) v Qi(k) l sai s gia gi tr nh nh trc

v gi tr tnh ton
Pi ( k ) = Pi chotruoc Pi ( k )
Qi ( k ) = Qi chotruoc Qi ( k )
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
53

Gc v in p s c tnh
i ( k +1 ) = i ( k ) + i ( k )
Vi ( k +1 ) = Vi ( k ) + Vi ( k )
Qu trnh tnh ton tip tc cho n khi:
Pi ( k )
Qi ( k )
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
54
3. Phn mm Power World
3. Phn mm tnh ton Powerworld

PowerWorld Simulator (Simulator) l mt gi cng c c

thit k trn nn tng:
Vi li ca chng trnh l mt gii php tnh ton tro lu cng sut

mt cch tin cy, cho php gii bi ton n 100.000 nt, d s dng,
giao din thn thin.
Powerworld cho php ngi dng quan st cc thit b, hay ch lm
vic qua cc mu khc nhau. Vic thay i cc thng s ca HT nh
my pht, MBA, ng dy, t in mt cch rt d dng qua giao
din ha, bi mt s t cc nhp con chut.
Cc bi ton ti u, ngn mch, n nh tnh in p
Powerworld chng t tnh u vit trong vic phn tch HT v

c tnh minh ha, d hiu c bit cho nhng k s khng phi
l chuyn ngnh h thng in. Cho nn rt hu dng trong
vic ging dy v nghin cu.
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
55
3. Phn mm tnh ton Powerworld

Ci t
Cc thanh cng c
V d tnh ton

Tro lu cng sut

Ngn mch trong HT
Tnh ton qu trnh qu
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
56
3.1 Thng tin v tp

Thng tin chnh v tp
2/23/2011
Thanh cng c truy cp nhanh
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
57
3.2 Thng tin HT :Case infomation

Khi chy chng trnh:

2/23/2011
Vi cc thng tin online v

HT nh dng cng sut,
dng cng sut trn cc nhnh,
MP, gi tr in p, gi tr v
gi chi ph nhin liu .
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
58

Khi chnh sa s liu

Vi cc thng tin tnh, ban

u, v ngi dng c th nhp
chut vo cc biu tng
thay i cc thng tin v h
thng in
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
59

Cc thng tin v case
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
60

Cc thng tin v trao i cng sut gia cc khu vc
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
61

Chc nng gim st lng gii hn cng sut trn cc

nhnh
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
62

So snh cc thng tin v tro lu cng sut
gia cc trng hp nghin cu khc nhau
So snh cc thng tin v tro lu cng sut
gia cc trng hp nghin cu khc nhau
Cc la chn v gii thut tnh tro lu
cng sut i vi HT AC v DC, cc la
chn khi tnh ton online cc ch , t
mu hin th cho cc ch online, .
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
63

Xem cc thng tin ca tng nt c th nh in p,

ni cc nhnh
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
64
3.4 Mt s chc nng ch DRAW

Draw
V mu cho cc la chn khc nhau nh: Vng,

min, cc nt, trm bin p
Hp thoi
chc nng v
mu
Chc nng chn thm cc i tng nh ng dy,

MP, MBA, ti vo HT ang nghin cu.
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
65
V cc
phn t
Cc la
chn v kt
ni HT
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
66
Cc chc nng khc khi tao cc

trng,v cc biu hnh bnh m
t phn trm ca lng cng sut ti
Mt s chc nng khc nh nh dng, sao chp v phng
to thu nh
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
67
3.5 Mt s chc nng ca trc tuyn Onliners
Onliners
La chn cc chc nng cho vic chy
online, la chn cc chc nng hin th thit
b, la chn cch hin th, phi hp min,
nhn mnh cc i tng cn quan tm, cc
cch nhn thc t
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
68
Cc la chn v min bao gia cc cng min, hin

th la chn mu cho cc min a l, hoc theo gi
tr in p .
Cng c GIS
Lit k cc theo tng cc thit b
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
69

Cc la chn mu cho cc lp , xem h thng in theo
3D hoc 2D
Cc chc nng v quan st, phng to thu nh ht
Mt s chc nng v m hnh ng
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
70
3.6 Cc cng c :TOOLS
Tools
Chc nng cho php tnh ton kt qu ti mt thi

im bt k dng phng php Newton-Raphson
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
71
3.6 Cc cng c :TOOLS
Cc la chn v vic m phng

Cc la chn v gii thut bi ton phn b tro lu
cng sut
Phn tch cc s c ngu nhin

Phn tch nhy khi mt yu t trong h thng
thay i, v d nh cng sut ti ca mt nt, in
p,
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
72
3.6 Cc cng c :TOOLS

Cc chc nng v tnh ton ngn mch
Cc chc nng v tnh ton n nh in
p da trn tnh ton ng cong PV, QV
Tnh ton cc bi ton v trao i cng sut
Cc thng tin v n nh
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
73
4. Phn mm DOC WIN
4. Phn mm tnh ton h p DOCWIN- ABB

Phn mm tnh ton, la chn thit b h p

Thng tin ti http://www.abb.com/
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
74
5. PSS/adept
5. Phn mm PSS/Adept
Hai ti liu tham kho

2/23/2011
PSS/Adept Course
P DNG PSS/ADEPT 5.0 TRONG LI IN PHN
PHI
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
75
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6. PSS/E
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
76
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.1 TM TT MODUL LOADFLOW

Cc chc nng file
Ti u ha tro lu cng sut
Chnh sa thng s HT
Tnh ton tro lu cng sut
iu khin vo ra
Tnh ton ngn mch
Mt s chc nng khc
Ca s chnh
Gim st qun l
Transmission system
Dng lnh
2/23/2011
77
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.2 Cc lnh chnh trong modul LF

Load flow data input

ROPF
SAVE CASE
SHOW
RAWD
RWCM
RWMA RWOP
LIST EXAM SIZE OUTS SHNT BRCH REGB

FIND PRTI PSEB EXEC DIFF CMPR LSTO
TREE
ALPH
BUSN
CHNG RDCH MBID CHTI EDTR SCAL CNTB TPCH TFLG ECDI
SPLT JOIN LTAP DSCN RECN MOVE PURG FLAT MODR GCAP
BGEN PSEB EXEC
SOLV MSLV FNSL FDNS NSOL ORDR
PSEB EXEC NOPF
FACT TYSL
INLF
ACCC
Load flow solution reporting

PSEB EXEC
Load flow solution

CASE
Load flow data changing

MCRE RETI
Load flow data reporting

TREA RDCH
Load flow data output

READ
Data base interaction
POUT LOUT LAMP SUBS SHNT AREA ZONE OWNR

INTA INTZ DRAW DIFF GDIF CMPR MTDC
TIES
TIEZ
Load flow solution limit check

2/23/2011
RAT3
RATE OLTL
OLTR
TLST
VCHK
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
GENS
GEOL
GCAP
ACCC
78
6. Phn mm PSS/E
2/23/2011
Nhng file do ngi s dng

a vo: u vo cho
chng trnh
Nhng file to ra t my
tnh: u ra, hay kt qu
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
79
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.3 S khi v s liu u vo cho LF

Thng s chung
S liu NT
T ng ct
B in khng MBA
S liu TI
Nhiu cc DC
S liu MP
/dy vi nhiu phn
S liu /d
S liu vng
S liu MBA
Trao i lin vng
Trao i khu vc
/dy 2 cc DC
C quan qun l
FACTS
Chnh lu cho DC
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
80
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.3 S khi v s liu u vo cho LF

IC, SBASE
Trong

IC Change code:
0 - base case (i.e., clear the working case before adding data
to it)
1 - add data to the working case
IC = 0 by default.
SBASE System base MVA. SBASE = 100. by default
2/23/2011
81
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO NT

I, NAME, BASKV, IDE, GL, BL, AREA, ZONE, VM, VA, OWNER
0/
I :Bus s (1 to 99997).
NAME: tn bus, khng qu 8 k t, (8 k t trng: mc nh).
BASKV: in p c bn (BASKV = 0: mac nh).
VM/_VA
IDE Loai bus

2/23/2011
1 Nt ti (mc nh)
2 My pht, b
3 Cn bng
4 Bus c lp
~
P+jQ
GL B cng sut tc dng (GL = 0 mc nh)

BL (MVAR)b phn khng BL >0 => T ,BL<0=> khng (BL = 0: mc nh).
AREA khu vc: AREA = 1 Mc nh
ZONE vng s. ZONE = 1 by default.
VM: modul in p (pu). VM = 1. by default.
VA gc pha, (degree). VA = 0. by default.
OWNER c quan s. OWNER = 1 by default.
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
82
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO TI

I, ID, STATUS, AREA, ZONE, PL, QL, IP, IQ, YP, YQ, OWNER
0/
I Bus s (1 to 99997),
ID Ti s bao nhiu ca nt, ID = 1 by default.
STATUS: tnh trng ca ti STATUS = 1 by default.
AREA/ZONE/OWNER
PL :CSTc dng ca loi ti constant MVA; (MW). PL = 0. by default.
QL :CS phn khng ca constant MVA; (Mvar). QL = 0. by default.
2
P = P 0 Z p (V / V 0 ) + I p (V / V 0 ) + P p
Q = Q0 Z

(V
/V0
+ I q (V / V 0
)+
Qq
IP : CS Tc dng ca loi ti constant current (MW ti V=1pu). IP = 0. by default.

IQ : CS phn khng ca loi ti constant current (MVAr ti V=1pu). IQ = 0. by
default.
YP: CS Tc dng ca loi ti constant admittance (MW ti V=1pu). IP = 0. by
default.
YQ : CS phn khng ca loi ti constant admittance (MVAr ti V=1pu). IQ = 0.
by default.
2/23/2011
83
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO MP
G1
VM/_VA
G2
~
P+jQ
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
84
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO MP

I,ID,PG,QG,QT,QB,VS,IREG,MBASE,ZR,ZX,RT,XT,GTAP,STAT,RMPCT,PT,PB,
O1,F1,...,O4,F4
/0
PG Cng sut tc dng ca MP; MW. PG = 0. by default.
QG, (QG = 0. by default.), QT/ QB c/s phn khng max/min
VS in p iu chnh (pu). VS = 1. by default.
IREG Bus number (IREG = 0 by default.)
MBASE (MVA): cng sut danh nh ca MP
ZR,ZX Tng tr phc , ZR = 0. and ZX = 1. by default.
RT,XT tng tr ca MBA tng p RT+jXT = 0. by default.
GTAP t s ca MBA tng p. GTAP = 1. by default.
STAT Tnh tr ng lm vic ca MP; STAT = 1 by default.
RMPCT % cng sut Phn khng dng gi in p ti nt iu khin, RMPCT = 100.
by default.
PT/ PB C/sut tc dng ln nht v nh nht ca MP (MW),PT= 9999. by default, PB
= -9999. by default.
. Cc thng s khc t gi tr mc nh
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
85
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO NHNH (Khng c MBA)
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
86
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO NHNH (Khng c MBA)

I,J,CKT,R,X,B,RATEA,RATEB,RATEC,GI,BI,GJ,BJ,ST,LEN,O1,F1,...,O4,
F4
/0
I T nt
J n nt
CKT Nhnh s , CKT = 1 by default.
R in tr (pu)
X in khng (pu) (Mt s FACTS th phi khai bo nh l nhnh c in
khng bng 0)
B Dung khng k sinh (pu) B = 0. by default.
RATEA/ RATEB/ RATEC kh nng mang ti A, B, C; MVA. RATEA/B/C =
0. (bypass check for this branch)
GI,BI l in dn phc ti nt I: GI + jBI = 0. by default.
GJ,BJ l in dn phc ti nt J: GJ + jBJ = 0. by default.
ST Tnh trng ca ng dy: ST = 1 by default.
LEN Chiu di ng dy: LEN = 0. by default.
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
87
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO NHNH MBA

MBA 2 cun dy

I,J,K,CKT,CW,CZ,CM,MAG1,MAG2,NMETR,NAME,STAT,O1,F1,...,O4,F4
R1-2,X1-2,SBASE1-2
WINDV1,NOMV1,ANG1,RATA1,RATB1,RATC1,COD,CONT,RMA,RMI,VMA,VMI,NTP,TAB,CR,C
X
WINDV2,NOMV2
0/
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
88
6. Phn mm PSS/E
KHAI BO NHNH MBA

MBA 3 cun dy:

I,J,K,CKT,CW,CZ,CM,MAG1,MAG2,NMETR,NAME,STAT,O1,F1,...,O4,F4
R1-2,X1-2,SBASE1-2,R2-3,X2-3,SBASE2-3,R3-1,X3-1,SBASE3-1,VMSTAR,ANSTAR
WINDV1,NOMV1,ANG1,RATA1,RATB1,RATC1,COD,CONT,RMA,RMI,VMA,VMI,NTP,TAB,CR,C
X
WINDV2,NOMV2,ANG2,RATA2,RATB2,RATC2
WINDV3,NOMV3,ANG3,RATA3,RATB3,RATC3
0/

2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
89
6. Phn mm PSS/E

I /J/ K: cc nt, cc pha ca MBA K = 0 by default (MBA 2 cun dy)

CKT : MBA s: CKT = 1 by default.
CW = 1 by default.
CZ xc nh n v ca in khng cc cun dy, CZ = 1 by default (pu)
CM xc nh n v ca in khng t ha cc cun dy. CM = 1 by default (pu)
MAG1, MAG2 : MAG1 = 0.0 and MAG2 = 0.0 by Default
NMETR Code cho vic o lng NMETR = 2 by default.
NAME Tn ca MBA, NAME is eight blanks by default.
STAT Tnh trng lm vic ca MBA: STAT = 1 by default.
Mt s thng s mc nh
R1-2, X1-2 in tr/in khng ca cun 1-2 khi CZ is 1, chng c biu din bi (pu)
ca h thng in, Mc nh R1-2=0.0 nhng khng c gi tr mc nh X1-2.
SBASE1-2 Cng sut ca MBA. SBASE1-2 = SBASE (the system base MVA) by default.
R2-3, X2-3 in tr/in khng ca cun 2-3 khi CZ is 1, chng c biu din bi (pu)
ca h thng in, Mc nh R2-3=0.0 nhng khng c gi tr mc nh X2-3
SBASE2-3 Cng sut ca cun 2-3 SBASE2-3 = SBASE (the system base MVA) by
default.
Tng t nh cun 1-3
COD: code iu khin ca MBA
WINDV1: t s ca u phn p
TAP di iu chnh ca tap: 0.9-11
NTP: s u phn p
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
90
6. Phn mm PSS/E
TRAO I CNG SUT CC KHU VC

I, ISW, PDES, PTOL, ARNAME

0/

I: S liu ca khu vc
ISW: Nt cn bng ca khu vc, phi l nt my pht, mc nh =0
PDES: Mc cng sut trao i gia cc khu vc, mc nh =0
PTOL: sai lch tnh ton MW,mc nh =10
ARNAME: Tn ca vng
Khu vc II
Khu vc I
~
PDES
2/23/2011
(MW)
I (nt cn bng
ca khu vc)
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
91
6. Phn mm PSS/E
MT S CC THNG S KHC
0 / END OF AREA DATA, BEGIN TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN VSC DC LINE DATA
0 / END OF VSC DC LINE DATA, BEGIN SWITCHED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF SWITCHED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN IMPEDANCE
CORRECTION DATA
0 / END OF IMPEDANCE CORRECTION DATA, BEGIN MULTITERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN MULTI-SECTION LINE
DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-SECTION LINE DATA, BEGIN ZONE DATA
0 / END OF ZONE DATA, BEGIN INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA
0 / END OF INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA, BEGIN OWNER DATA
0 / END OF OWNER DATA, BEGIN FACTS DEVICE DATA
0 / END OF FACTS DEVICE DATA
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
92
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.4 THUT TON TNH LOADFLOW
NEWTON-RAPHSON
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
93
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.4 THUT TON TNH LOADFLOW

GAUSS-SEIDEL
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
94
6. Phn mm PSS/E
THAY I CC LA CHN
Hoc c th dng: FNSL OPT, SOLV OPT, ...

2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
95
6. Phn mm PSS/E
CC CHC NNG KHC

LIST: Lit k s liu dng tnh tro lu cng sut

Cc ty chn ca lnh gm:
LIST Lit k d liu tnh ton tro lu cng sut cho tt c cc nt theo phn loi d
liu
LIST, ALL Lit k tt c cc phn loi d liu
AREA Lit k d liu tng ng vi mt khu vc
KV Lit k d liu tng ng vi mt cp in p
Zone Lit k d liu tng ng vi mt khu vc
POUT: In ra kt qu tnh tro lu cng sut
Cc ty chn ca lnh ny gm:
POUT a ra tro lu cng sut cho nt la chn
POUT, ALL a ra tro lu cng sut ca tt c cc nt
AREA a ra tro lu cng sut cho mt khu vc
KV a ra tro lu cng sut cho mt cp in p

ZONE a ra tro lu cng sut cho mt vng
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
96
6. Phn mm PSS/E
CC CHC NNG KHC

EXAM: Lit k d liu dng tnh tro lu cng sut theo mt hay nhiu
nt ch ra
Lnh ny gm cc ty chn sau:
EXAM Lit k cc d liu tnh tro lu cng sut cho cc nt theo
ch nh
EXAM, ALL Lit k tt c cc loi d liu tnh ton cho tt c cc nt
, AREA Lit k d liu tnh ton theo min area
, KV Lit k d liu tnh ton tng ng vi cp in p
, Zone Lit k d liu tng ng vi mt khu vc
GENS: Lit k cc iu kin ca my pht in
- Cng sut pht ra
- Gii hn cng sut phn khng
- in p cn gi
- in p thc t
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
97
6. Phn mm PSS/E
6.7. V D TNH TON: HT 2 VNG CA KUNDUR
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
98
6. Phn mm PSS/E
Thng s h thng

in p MP
20kV, 900MVA,
MP1-2, P=800, V1=1.03, V2=1.01
MP 4, P=700, V4=1.01
MP 3: V1=1.03, gc -6.8
Mi MBA: c z=0+j0.15 (h n v tng i 900MVA v 20/230kV), t s
1.0
ng dy c cc thng s sau (h n v 100MVA,230kV ):
r=0.0001 pu/km, xL=0.001 pu/km, bC=0.00175pu/km
T in: nt 700: 400Mvar,800: 100Mvar,900:400Mvar
Ti
nt: P= 717MW,Q= 50Mvar,
Nt: P= 250MW,Q= 50Mvar,
Nt: P= 1967MW,Q= 100Mvar
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
99
6. Phn mm PSS/E
0, 100.00
/ PSS/E-29.0 FRI, AUG 28 2009 23:29
A FOUR MACHINE SYSTEM
NEW ENGLAND SYSTEM
100,'GEN1 ',
20.0000, 2, 0.000, 0.000, 1, 1, 1.03000, 0.00000, 1
200,'GEN2 ',
20.0000, 2, 0.000, 0.000, 1, 1, 1.01000, 0.00000, 1
300,'GEN3 ',
20.0000, 3, 0.000, 0.000, 2, 1, 1.03000, -6.8000, 1
400,'GEN4 ',
20.0000, 2, 0.000, 0.000, 2, 1, 1.01000, 0.00000, 1
500,'TRAN1 ', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 1, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
600,'TRAN2 ', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 1, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
700,'BUSAREA1', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 400.000, 1, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
710,'LOADBUS1', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 1, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
800,'BUSAREA3', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 100.000, 3, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
900,'BUSAREA2', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 400.000, 2, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
1000,'TRAN4 ', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 2, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
1100,'TRAN3 ', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 2, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
1200,'TCSC ', 230.0000,1, 0.000, 0.000, 3, 1, 1.00000, 0.00000, 1
0 / END OF BUS DATA, BEGIN LOAD DATA
700,'1 ',1, 1, 1, 717.000, 50.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 1
710,'1 ',1, 1, 1, 250.000, 50.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 1
900,'1 ',1, 2, 1, 1967.000, 100.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 1
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
100
0 / END OF LOAD DATA, BEGIN GENERATOR DATA

100,'1 ', 800.000, 0.0000, 9999.000, -9999.000,1.03000, 0, 900.000, 0.00000, 0.30000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1.00000,1, 100.0, 9999.000, -9999.000,
1,1.0000
200,'1 ', 800.000, 0.0000, 9999.000, -9999.000,1.01000, 0, 900.000, 0.00000, 0.30000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1.00000,1, 100.0, 9999.000, -9999.000,
1,1.0000
300,'1 ', 744.465, 0.0000, 9999.000, -9999.000,1.03000, 0, 900.000, 0.00000, 0.30000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1.00000,1, 100.0, 9999.000, -9999.000,
1,1.0000
400,'1 ', 700.000, 0.0000, 9999.000, -9999.000,1.01000, 0, 900.000, 0.00000, 0.30000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1.00000,1, 100.0, 9999.000, -9999.000,
1,1.0000
0 / END OF GENERATOR DATA, BEGIN BRANCH DATA
500, 600,'1 ', 0.00250, 0.02500, 0.04375, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
600, 700,'1 ', 0.00100, 0.01000, 0.01750, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
700, 710,'1 ', 0.00010, 0.00100, 0.00175, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
700, 800,'1 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
700, 800,'2 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
700, 800,'3 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
800, 900,'1 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
800, 900,'2 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
800, 1200,'1 ', 0.00000, -0.00001, 0.00000, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
900, 1000,'1 ', 0.00100, 0.01000, 0.01750, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
900, 1200,'1 ', 0.01500, 0.15000, 0.26250, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
1000, 1100,'1 ', 0.00250, 0.02500, 0.04375, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000, 0.00000,1, 0.00, 1,1.0000
0 / END OF BRANCH DATA, BEGIN TRANSFORMER DATA
100, 500, 0,'1 ',1,2,1, 0.00000, 0.00000,2,'TRANS1 ',1, 1,1.0000
0.00000, 0.15000, 900.00
1.00000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0, 0, 1.10000, 0.90000, 1.10000, 0.90000, 33, 0, 0.00000, 0.00000
1.00000, 0.000
200, 600, 0,'1 ',1,2,1, 0.00000, 0.00000,2,'TRANS2 ',1, 1,1.0000
0.00000, 0.15000, 900.00
1.00000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0, 0, 1.10000, 0.90000, 1.10000, 0.90000, 33, 0, 0.00000, 0.00000
1.00000, 0.000
300, 1100, 0,'1 ',1,2,1, 0.00000, 0.00000,2,'TRANS3 ',1, 1,1.0000
0.00000, 0.15000, 900.00
1.00000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0, 0, 1.10000, 0.90000, 1.10000, 0.90000, 33, 0, 0.00000, 0.00000
1.00000, 0.000
400, 1000, 0,'1 ',1,2,1, 0.00000, 0.00000,2,'TRANS4 ',1, 1,1.0000
0.00000, 0.15000, 900.00
1.00000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0, 0, 1.10000, 0.90000, 1.10000, 0.90000, 33, 0, 0.00000, 0.00000
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
1.00000,
0.000
101
6. Phn mm PSS/E
0 / END OF TRANSFORMER DATA, BEGIN AREA DATA

0 / END OF AREA DATA, BEGIN TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN VSC DC LINE DATA
0 / END OF VSC DC LINE DATA, BEGIN SWITCHED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF SWITCHED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN IMPEDANCE CORRECTION DATA
0 / END OF IMPEDANCE CORRECTION DATA, BEGIN MULTI-TERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN MULTI-SECTION LINE DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-SECTION LINE DATA, BEGIN ZONE DATA
0 / END OF ZONE DATA, BEGIN INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA
0 / END OF INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA, BEGIN OWNER DATA
0 / END OF OWNER DATA, BEGIN FACTS DEVICE DATA
0 / END OF FACTS DEVICE DATA
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
102
Xin chn thnh cm n
2/23/2011
TS. Nguyn ng Ton
103
103

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PHN MM TNH TON

Thi: trn my tnh

Gii thiu chung

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.1 Lch s pht trin ca HT

Nm 1885, Ferranti thit kt mt ht, bt u t mt nh my in

S dng dng in xoay chiu, Dng h thng cp ngm

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.1 Lch s pht trin ca HT (tip)

Hai yu t quyt nh n s pht trin

S pht minh MBA (ch lm vic vi dng

Cui cng, nhng ngi ng h htd-AC

Pht minh ca Tesla (US390721): my pht in Dynamo

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1. 2 S pht trin ca HT v s cn thit PMTTHT

Tnh ton phc tp

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.3 Cc loi hin tng xy ra trong HT

Phn loi cc hin tng theo thi gian

1. Gii thiu chung

1.3 Cc loi hin tng xy ra trong HT

V d: khi nghin cu n nh cc phn t trong HT

iu chnh dng cng sut trn /d lin lc

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.4 Vn cn quan tm khi chn PMTTHT

M hnh v phng php ton hc

Tuyn tnh v phi tuyn

Phn tch ch xc lp: xc nh tro lu

S thn thin ngi-my

Mi trng ph thuc thi gian

Cc thit b trong th vin

Cc phng php phn tch

S dng d dng, cc tnh nng ph

S tun theo cc tiu chun

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

Cc tiu chun k thut v cng

1. Gii thiu chung

1.5 Mt s PMTTHT in hnh

18. Easy Power

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.5 Mt s PMTTHT in hnh

23. SIMPOWER SYSTEM

25. PQWeb, SuperHarm,

27. HOMER, HYBRID 2

36. TRANSMISSION 2000

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

1. Gii thiu chung

1.5 Mt s PMTTHT in hnh

Do cc cng ty phn mm pht

Do cc trung tm nghin cu pht

Xem thm trong bo co

TS. Nguyn ng Ton

2. Bi ton tro lu cng sut

2.1 Cc vn chung ca bi ton tro lu cng sut

Cn thit cho mi cc bi ton khc

Cho bit cc thng tin

L bi ton i s phi tuyn