k thi tuyn SINH i hc, cao ng nm 2002

p n v thang im chnh thc i Hc

Mn thi : Ho hc - Khi A

B Gio dc v o to

------------------

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

p n

Cu I . (2 im)
1. (1 im)
a)
Lc u xut hin bt kh thot ra t l st, st tan dn. Sau kh thot ra
chm dn, do bt kh bm trn b mt l st ngn s tip xc ca st vi dung 0,25
dch H2SO4.
0,25
Fe + H SO = FeSO + H
2

0,25
0,25

b)
- Lc u b mt l st c kim loi mu bm vo, sau kh thot ra
0,125
nhanh hn, st b ho tan nhanh do c s n mn in ho
Fe + CuSO4 =

FeSO4 + Cu

0,25

0,125

- Trong dung dch H2SO4, l st kim loi l cc m, kim loi ng l cc 0,25

dng. Ti cc m, st kim loi b oxi ho : Fe -2e -> Fe2+. Ti cc dng, ion
H+ b kh : 2H+ +2e -> H2

0,25

2. (1 im)

a)
Cho hn hp tc dng vi dung dch NaOH c, nng. Fe2O3 khng tan,
lc, tch ta c Fe2O3 . Al2O3 v SiO2 tan do phn ng:
Al2O3 + 2 NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + H2O
SiO2 + 2NaOH = Na2SiO3 + H2O

0,25

0,25

0,125
0,125

0,25

(Nu th sinh khng ni NaOH c nng nhng trong phng trnh phn
ng c ghi c, t0 vn c s im)
b)
Cho hn hp tc dng vi dung dch mui st (III) d nh FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3
..., Ag khng phn ng, lc tch c bc. Kim loi ng v st tan do
phn ng:
Cu + 2FeCl3 = 2FeCl2 + CuCl2
Fe + 2FeCl3 = 3FeCl2

0,125

0,125

0,125
0,125

0,25
0,25

p n

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

Cu II (1 im)
- Ho tan hn hp A vo lng d nc c cc phn ng:
BaO
+ H2O = Ba(OH)2
Ba(OH)2 + Al2O3 = Ba(AlO2)2 + H2O
Dung dch D l Ba(AlO2)2

0,125
0,125

0,25

Phn khng tan B: FeO v Al2O3 cn d (Do E tan mt phn trong dd NaOH).
-

Sc kh CO2 d vo D:

Ba(AlO2)2 + 2CO2 + 4H2O = 2Al(OH)3 + Ba(HCO3)2

-

0,125

Cho kh CO d qua B nung nng c phn ng sau:

FeO + CO = Fe + CO2

0,125

0,25

Cht rn E: Fe v Al2O3
-

Cho E tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d:

Al2O3 + 2NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + H2O

0,125

Cht rn G: Fe.
- Cho G tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4
Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4+ H2

0,125

0,25

v dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung dch KMnO4

2KMnO4 + 10FeSO4+ 8H2SO4 = 2MnSO4+ 5Fe2(SO 4)3 + K2SO 4+ 8H2O

0,25

0,25

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

p n

Cu III 1,5 im
1.A1 :

CH3OOC - (CH2)4 - COOCH3

imetyl aipat (imetyl hexanioat)

B1:

HOOC- (CH2)4 - COOH

Axit aipic (axit hexanioic)
tO
CH3OOC - (CH2)4 - COOCH3 + 2NaOH
2 CH3OH + NaOOC - (CH2)4 - COONa

0,125
0,125

0,125
0,125

0,25

0,25
0,25

0,25

(Nu th sinh khng vit cng thc cu to ca A1 v B1 nhng vit phng trnh
phn ng dng cng thc cu to ng nh trn th vn cho im cng thc
cu to ca A1 v B1 )
2. Phng trnh iu ch t nilon:
to
n HOOC - (CH2)4 - COOH + n H - NH - (CH2)6- NH - H

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

(- CO -(CH2)4 - CO - NH- (CH2)6 - NH-)n + 2nH2O

3. iu ch nha phenolfomanehit
t0
CH3OH + CuO

HCHO + H2O + Cu

Hoc

OH
n

+ nHCHO

H +,t 0

OH

_
CH2

+ nH2O

_ n

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

p n

Cu IV: (1,5 im)

1.

CH2=C-CH=CH2

X:

hoc

CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2

hoc

CH3-CH(CH3)-C CH

0,125

CH3
CH 3-CH-C

Y:

CH

0,125

0,25

CH 3

xt, t o

n CH 2=C-CH=CH2
CH3

( CH2-C=CH-CH2 )n

0,125

0,125

0,25

0,25

0,25

CH3

Hoc:
n CH2 = C(CH3) - CH = CH2

t , xt
(- CH2 - C(CH3) = CH - CH2-)n

NH 3
2 CH3-CH(CH3)-C CAg + H2O
CH3-CH(CH3)-C CH + Ag2O

2.
H
( C6H10O5)n + nH2O
n C6H12O6

men ru

C6H12O6
C2H5OH

0,125

2C2H5OH + 2CO2

O2

CH2=C-CH=CH2 + HCl
CH3
CH3-C=CH-CH2Cl + NaOH
CH3
CH3-C=CH-CH2OH + H2

men gim

to
Ni, t o

CH3COOH + H2O

CH3-C=CH-CH2Cl
CH3
CH3-C=CH-CH2OH + NaCl
CH3
CH3-CH-CH2-CH2OH

CH3
H2SO4 CH3
CH3COOCH2-CH2-CH-CH3 + H2O
CH3COOH + CH3-CH-CH2-CH2OH
CH3
CH3
D1 : HOCH2-(CHOH)4-CH=O;
D4 : CH3

C CH CH2
CH3

Cl

D2 : CH3-CH2OH ;

D5 : CH3-C=CH-CH2
CH3 OH

0,125
0,125
0,125
0,125
0,125

0,25
0,25

0,25

D3 : CH3 - COOH

D6 : CH3-CH-CH2-CH2
OH
CH3

(Nu th sinh ch vit c cc cng thc cu to D1..D6 m khng vit c phng

trnh phn ng th c 0,25 im.)

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

p n

Cu V: (2 im)
Gi s mol Fe tham gia phn ng vi HNO3 (1) l x, s mol Fe3O4 tham gia
phn ng vi HNO3 (2) l y.

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

0,25

CM ( HNO3 ) =

0,25

0,25

mFe ( NO3 ) 2

0,25

0,25

0,75

0,75

0,25

0,25

0,25
0,25
0,25

0,25
0,25
0,25

0,25

0,25

Fe
x

4 HNO3 = Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2 H2O

4x
x
x

3 Fe3O4
y

+ 28 HNO3

= 9Fe(NO3)3
3y

28. y
3

2 Fe(NO3)3

x + 3y

+ Fe

x + 3y
2

+ NO + 14 H2O

y
3

(1)

(2)

3Fe(NO3)2

(3)

3( x + 3 y )
2

Phn ng xy ra hon ton v sau cng cn d kim loi nn HNO3 phn ng

ht. Do xy ra phn ng (3) nn dung dch Z1 l dung dch Fe(NO3)2.

S mol Fe phn ng (3) l

x + 3y
2

Theo (1), (2) v u bi ta c : n NO = x +

y
= 0,1
3

(I)

x + 3y

56 x +
+ 232 y = 18,5 1,46 = 17,04
2

Gii h phng trnh (I),(II) ta c

nHNO3 = 4 x +

(II)

x= 0,09 , y= 0,03

28 y
28.0,03
= 4.0,09 +
= 0,64 mol
3
3

0,64.1000
= 3,2 M
200
3.(0,09 + 3.0,03).180
=
= 48,6 g
2

Cch 2:
Ba p.. (1, 2, 3) nh trn
t x, y l s mol Fe v Fe3O4 phn ng. Ta c h phng trnh:
56x + 232y = 18,5 - 1,46 = 17,04 (a)
2x + y = 0,1 . 3 + 3y
2x - 2y = 0,3
(b)
T (a), (b) => x = 0,18 mol Fe ; y = 0,03 mol Fe3O4
m Fe(NO3)2 = (0,18 + 0,03 . 3) 180 = 48,6 (g)
n HNO3 p. = (0,18 + 0,03 . 3)2 + 0,1 = 0,64
CM HNO3 = 0,64/0,2 = 3,2 M

Thang im
n 0.125
n 0.25

p n

Cu VI: 2 im
Cch 1
Gi cng thc ca 3 axt l: CnH2n+1COOH, CmH2m- 1COOH, Cm+1H2m+1COOH
vi s mol tng ng l x, y, z . Phn ng vi dung dch NaOH v t chy:
CnH2n+1COOH + NaOH

CmH2m- 1COOH + NaOH

y

CmH2m-1COONa + H2O

Cm+1H2m+1COONa + H2O

CnH2n+1COOH +

(n+1)CO2 + (n+1) H2O

(n+1)x
3m
O2
2

(m+1)y
3m + 3
O2
2

0,125

0,25

0,125

0,25

0,25

0,25

my

(m+2)CO2 + (m+1) H2O

(m+2)z

0, 125

0,25

(n+1)x

(m+1)CO2 + m H2O

y
Cm+1H2m+1COOH +

0,125

3n + 1
O2
2

CmH2m- 1COOH +

0,125

Cm+1H2m+1COOH + NaOH
z

0,125

CnH2n+1COONa + H2O

(m+1)z

NaOH d + HCl = NaCl + H2O

0,1

0,1

0,1

n d = n = 100.1/1000 = 0,1
n ban u = 150.2/1000 = 0,3
n phn ng = 0,3 - 0,1 = 0,2
mmui hu c = 22,89 - 0,1.58,5 = 17,04
NaOH

HCl

NaOH

NaOH

Theo s liu u bi , ta c h phng trnh:

x + y + z = 0,2
(14n + 68)x + (14m+ 66)y + (14m + 80) z = 17, 04

[(n+1)x + (m+1)y + (m+2)z ].44 + [ (n+1)x + my + (m+1)z].18 = 26,72

Hay rt gn
(1)
x + y + z = 0,2

14(nx + my + mz) + 2x + 14z = 3,84 (2)

62(nx+ my + mz) + 18x + 62z = 17,92 (3)

Gii h phng trnh

ta c:
(2)

x = 0,1;

y + z = 0,1

0,125

14(0,1n + 0,1m) + 2. 0,1 + 14 z = 3,84

z = 0,26 - 0,1n - 0,1m vi z > 0

Suy ra

0,26 - 0,1n - 0,1m > 0

n+m < 2,6

0,125

0,25

Do m l s nguyn t cacbon trong gc axit cha no phi 2, nn

c nghim duy nht :
n= 0, m= 2
Vy 3 axt l:
HCOOH,

C2H3COOH

(CH2 = CH - COOH)

HCOOH

0,125

= 0,1. 46 = 4,6(g)

0,125
0,125

C3H5COOH
( CH2 = CH- CH2- COOH;

CH3-CH=CH-COOH; CH = C
2

COOH )

0,125

0,25

0,25

CH 3
hn hp 2 axt

= 17,04 - (0,2.23) + 0,2.1 = 12,64

Gi s mol ca C2H3COOH (M=72) l a, s mol C3H5COOH (M = 86) l b

a + b = 0,1

72a + 86b = 12,64 - 4,6 = 8,04

0,125

Suy ra:
a = 0,04

C2H3COOH

= 0,04.72 = 2,88 gam

b= 0,06
C3H5COOH = 0,06.86 = 5,16 gam
(Th sinh c th lp h phng trnh tnh a, b theo p. t chy C2H3COOH,
C3H5COOH)

0,125

0,25

2 im

Cch 2
Gi cng thc ca axt no l CnH2n+1 COOH, cng thc chung ca 2 axit
khng no l : C m H 2 m 1COOH vi s mol tng ng l x v y
Phn ng vi dung dch NaOH v t chy:
CnH2n+1COOH + NaOH

CnH2n+1COONa + H2O

x
x
x
C m H 2 m 1COOH + NaOH C m H 2 m 1COONa + H 2 O

0,125
0,125

0,25

CnH2n+1COOH +

3n + 1
O2
2

(n+1)CO2 + (n+1) H2O

(n+1)x

(n+1)x

3m
C m H 2 m 1COOH +
O2 (m + 1)CO2 + mH 2 O
2
(m + 1). y

nNaOH ban u

0,125
0,125

0,25

my

= 150.2/1000 = 0,3

NaOH d + HCl = NaCl + H2O

0,1
0,1
0,1

n d = n = 100.1/1000 = 0,1
n phn ng = 0,3 - 0,1 = 0,2
m mui axit hu c = 22,89 - 0,1. 58,5
NaOH

HCl

NaOH

= 17,04

Khi lng bnh NaOH tng l khi lng CO2 v H2O

C h phng trnh :

x + y = 2

(14n + 68).x + (14m + 66) y = 17,04

(n + 1) x + (m + 1). y .44 + (n + 1).x + m y .18 = 26,72

( x + y ) = 0,2

14(nx + m y ) + 66( x + y ) + 2 x = 17,04

62(nx + m y ) + 44( x + y ) + 18 x = 26,72

0,25

0,25

Gii h phng trnh trn , ta c:

x = 0,1
y = 0,1

0,125

nx + m y = 0,26

0,1n + 0,1m = 0,26

n + m = 2,6

0,125

0,25

Do axit cha no c s nguyn t cc bon trong gc axit 2

nn:
n=0

m = 2,6

V 2< m = 2,6<3 nn cng thc ca 3 axit l:

0,125

HCOOH
C2H3COOH

(CH2 = CH - COOH)

0,125

0,25

0,125

C3H5COOH
( CH2 = CH- CH2- COOH;

CH3-CH=CH-COOH; CH = C
2

CH

m
m

hn hp 2 axt

HCOOH

COOH )

0,125

0,25

= 17,04 - 0,2.23 + 0,2.1 = 12,64

0,125

= 0,1. 46 = 4,6 (g)

Gi s mol ca C2H3COOH l a, s mol C3H5COOH l b

a + b = 0,1

72a + 86b = 12,64 - 4,6 = 8,04

0,125

0,25

Suy ra:
a = 0,04

C2H3COOH

= 0,04.72 = 2,88 gam

0,125

b= 0,06

C3H5COOH

= 0,06.86 = 5,16 gam

0,125

0,25

Ghi ch: Th sinh c th t cng thc chung 3 axit l : RCOOH , sau tnh

M RCOONa =

17,04
= 85,2
0,2

ri tnh R v gii tip ra kt qu ng nh trn,

vn c im.
Nu th sinh c cch gii khc ng th vn c s im.

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