1

b gio dc v o to K thi tuyn sinh i hc, cao ng nm 2002

------------------------------------- p n v thang im
mn ton khi A
Cu Ni dung
H C
I 1

2 3
3 1 x x y m + = =
Tp xc nh R x . ) 2 ( 3 6 3 '
2
= + = x x x x y ,

=
=
=
2
0
0 '
2
1
x
x
y
1 0 " , 0 6 6 " = = = + = x y x y
Bng bin thin
+ 2 1 0 x

'
y + 0 0
+ 0
"
y
y + lm U 4
CT 2 C
0 li

=
=
=
3
0
0
x
x
y , 4 ) 1 ( = y
th:
( Th sinh c th lp 2 bng bin thin)

1,0
0,25
0,5
0,25

1,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
-1
1 2 3
x
0
2
4
y
2
I 2
Cch I. Ta c
2 3 3 2 3 2 3
3 3 0 3 3 k k x x k k x x + = + = + + .
t
2 3
3k k a + = Da vo th ta thy phng trnh a x x = +
2 3
3
c 3 nghim phn bit 4 3 0 4 0
2 3
< + < < < k k a

( )( )

> +
<

> + +
<

0 2 1
3 0
0 ) 4 4 )( 1 (
3 0
2 2
k k
k
k k k
k

< <

2 0
3 1
k k
k
Cch II. Ta c
| | 0 3 ) 3 ( ) ( 0 3 3
2 2 2 3 2 3
= + + = + + k k x k x k x k k x x
c 3 nghim phn bit 0 3 ) 3 ( ) (
2 2
= + + = k k x k x x f
c 2 nghim phn bit khc k

< <

+ +
> + + =

2 0
3 1
0 3 3
0 9 6 3
2 2 2
2
k k
k
k k k k k
k k

5 , 0
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25

5 , 0
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25
3
Cch I.
3 ) ( 3 ) 1 ( 3 6 3
2 2 2 '
+ = + + = m x m mx x y ,

+ =
=
=
1
1
0
2
1 '
m x
m x
y
Ta thy
2 1
x x v ' y i du khi qua
1
x v
2
x hm s t cc tr ti
1
x v
2
x .
2 3 ) (
2
1 1
+ = = m m x y y v 2 3 ) (
2
2 2
+ + = = m m x y y
Phng trnh ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr
( ) 2 3 ; 1
2
1
+ m m m M v ( ) 2 3 ; 1
2
2
+ + + m m m M l:

+ +
=
+
4
2 3
2
1
2
m m y m x
m m x y + =
2
2
Cch II. 3 ) ( 3 ) 1 ( 3 6 3
2 2 2 '
+ = + + = m x m mx x y , Ta thy
0 ' 0 9 ) 1 ( 9 9 '
2 2
= > = + = y m m c 2 nghim
2 1
x x
v ' y i du khi qua
1
x v
2
x hm s t cc tr ti
1
x v
2
x .
Ta c
2 3 2 2 3
) 1 ( 3 3 m m x m mx x y + + + =
( ) . 2 3 3 6 3
3 3
1
2 2 2
m m x m mx x
m
x + + + +
|
.
|

\
|
=
T y ta c m m x y + =
2
1 1
2 v m m x y + =
2
2 2
2 .
Vy phng trnh ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr l m m x y + =
2
2 .

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
----------
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
II 1.
Vi 2 = m ta c 0 5 1 log log
2
3
2
3
= + + x x
iu kin 0 > x . t 1 1 log
2
3
+ = x t ta c
0 6 0 5 1
2 2
= + = + t t t t .
2
3
2
1

=
=

t
t

5 , 0
0,25

0 , 1
0,5
3
3
1
= t (loi) ,
3
3
2
3 2
3 3 log 3 log 2

= = = = x x x t
3
3

= x tha mn iu kin 0 > x .

(Th sinh c th gii trc tip hoc t n ph kiu khc)
0,25 0,5
2.
0 1 2 1 log log
2
3
2
3
= + + m x x (2)
iu kin 0 > x . t 1 1 log
2
3
+ = x t ta c
0 2 2 0 1 2 1
2 2
= + = + m t t m t t (3)
. 2 1 log 1 3 log 0 ] 3 , 1 [
2
3 3
3
+ = x t x x
Vy (2) c nghim ] 3 , 1 [
3
khi v ch khi (3) c
nghim | | 2 , 1 . t t t t f + =
2
) (
Cch 1.
Hm s ) (t f l hm tng trn on | | 2 ; 1 . Ta c 2 ) 1 ( = f v 6 ) 2 ( = f .
Phng trnh 2 2 ) ( 2 2
2
+ = + = + m t f m t t c nghim | | 2 ; 1
. 2 0
6 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 ) 2 (
2 2 ) 1 (

+
+

+
+
m
m
m
m f
m f
Cch 2.
TH1. Phng trnh (3) c 2 nghim
2 1
, t t tha mn 2 1
2 1
< < t t .
Do 1
2
1
2
2 1
< =
+ t t
nn khng tn ti m.
TH2. Phng trnh (3) c 2 nghim
2 1
, t t tha mn
2 1
2 1
t t hoc
2 1
2 1 t t
( ) 2 0 0 2 4 2 m m m .
(Th sinh c th dng th, o hm hoc t n ph kiu khc )

0 , 1
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

0 , 1
0,25
0,25
----------
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
III 1.
5 3 2 cos
2 sin 2 1
3 sin 3 cos
sin + =
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
+ x
x
x x
x . iu kin
2
1
2 sin x
Ta c 5 =
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
+
x
x x
x
2 sin 2 1
3 sin 3 cos
sin 5 |
.
|

\
|
+
+ + +
x
x x x x x
2 sin 2 1
3 sin 3 cos 2 sin sin 2 sin
=5 =
|
.
|

\
|
+
+ + +
x
x x x x x
2 sin 2 1
3 sin 3 cos 3 cos cos sin
5 x
x
x x
cos 5
2 sin 2 1
cos ) 1 2 sin 2 (
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
Vy ta c: 0 2 cos 5 cos 2 3 2 cos cos 5
2
= + + = x x x x
2 cos = x (loi) hoc ). ( 2
3 2
1
cos Z k k x x + = =

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
4
2.
V (0 x ; ) 2 nn ly
3
1

= x v
3
5
2

= x . Ta thy
2 1
, x x tha mn iu
kin
2
1
2 sin x . Vy cc nghim cn tm l:
3
1

= x v
3
5
2

= x .
(Th sinh c th s dng cc php bin i khc)
Ta thy phng trnh 3 | 3 4 |
2
+ = + x x x c 2 nghim 0
1
= x v . 5
2
= x
Mt khc + + 3 | 3 4 |
2
x x x | | 5 ; 0 x . Vy
( ) ( ) ( )dx x x x dx x x x dx x x x S

+ + + + + + = + + =
1
0
3
1
2 2
5
0
2
3 4 3 3 4 3 | 3 4 | 3

( )dx x x x

+ + +
5
3
2
3 4 3
( ) ( ) ( )dx x x dx x x dx x x S

+ + + + + =
5
3
2
3
1
2
1
0
2
5 6 3 5
5
3
2 3
3
1
2 3
1
0
2 3
2
5
3
1
6
2
3
3
1
2
5
3
1
|
.
|

\
|
+ + |
.
|

\
|
+ + |
.
|

\
|
+ = x x x x x x x S

6
109
3
22
3
26
6
13
= + + = S (.v.d.t)
(Nu th sinh v hnh th khng nht thit phi nu bt ng thc
+ + 3 | 3 4 |
2
x x x | | 5 ; 0 x )
0,25

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

1,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
IV 1.

1

1
x
5 1
0
-1
y
3
3 2
1
8
-1
5
S
N
I
M C
A K
B
Gi K l trung im ca BC v MN SK I = . T gi thit
MN
a
BC MN ,
2 2
1
= = // BC I l trung im ca SK v MN .
Ta c = SAC SAB hai trung tuyn tng ng AN AM =
AMN cn ti A MN AI .
Mt khc
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) SK AI SBC AI
MN AI
AMN AI
MN AMN SBC
AMN SBC

=

.
Suy ra SAK cn ti
2
3 a
AK SA A = = .
2 4 4
3
2 2 2
2 2 2
a a a
BK SB SK = = =
4
10
8 4
3
2
2 2
2
2 2 2
a a a SK
SA SI SA AI = =
|
.
|

\
|
= = .
Ta c
16
10
.
2
1
2
a
AI MN S
AMN
= =

(vdt)
ch
1) C th chng minh MN AI nh sau:
( ) ( ) AI MN SAK MN SAK BC .
2) C th lm theo phng php ta :
Chng hn chn h ta cac vung gc Oxyz sao cho

|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
h
a
S
a
A
a
C
a
B K ;
6
3
; 0 , 0 ;
2
3
; 0 , 0 ; 0 ;
2
, 0 ; 0 ;
2
), 0 ; 0 ; 0 (
trong h l di ng cao SH ca hnh chp ABC S. .
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
6
2a)
Cch I. Phng trnh mt phng ) (P cha ng thng
1
c dng:
( ) ( ) 0 4 2 2 4 2 = + + + + z y x z y x ( 0
2 2
+ )
( ) ( ) ( ) 0 4 4 2 2 2 = + + + z y x
Vy ( ) 2 ; 2 2 ; + + =
P
n
r
.Ta c ( ) 2 ; 1 ; 1
2
= u
r
//
2
v ( )
2 2
1 ; 2 ; 1 M
( ) P //
( ) ( ) ( )

=

P M P M
u n
P
2 2
2
2
0
1 ; 2 ; 1
0 .
r r
Vy ( ) 0 2 : = z x P
Cch II Ta c th chuyn phng trnh
1
sang dng tham s nh sau:
T phng trnh
1
suy ra . 0 2 = z x t

=
=
=
=
' 4
2 ' 3
' 2
: ' 2
1
t z
t y
t x
t x
( ) ) 4 ; 3 ; 2 ( , 0 ; 2 ; 0
1 1 1
= u M
r
//
1
.
(Ta c th tm ta im
1 1
M bng cch cho 0 2 0 = = = z y x
v tnh ( ) 4 ; 3 ; 2
2 1
2 1
;
1 2
1 1
;
2 2
1 2
1
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

= u
r
).
Ta c ( ) 2 ; 1 ; 1
2
= u
r
//
2
. T ta c vc t php ca mt phng ) (P l :
| | ( ) 1 ; 0 ; 2 ,
2 1
= = u u n
P
r r r
. Vy phng trnh mt phng ) (P i qua ( ) 0 ; 2 ; 0
1
M
v ( ) 1 ; 0 ; 2 =
P
n
r
l: 0 2 = z x .
Mt khc ( ) ( ) P M 1 ; 2 ; 1
2
phng trnh mt phng cn tm l: 0 2 = z x

5 , 0
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25

0 , 1
0,5
0,5
-----------
0,5
0,5
2b)
b)Cch I. ( ) MH t t t H H + + + 2 1 , 2 , 1
2
=( ) 3 2 ; 1 ; 1 + t t t
( ) ( ) ( ) 5 ) 1 ( 6 11 12 6 3 2 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
+ = + = + + + = t t t t t t MH
t gi tr nh nht khi v ch khi ( ) 3 ; 3 ; 2 1 H t =
Cch II. ( ) t t t H H 2 1 ; 2 ; 1
2
+ + + .
MH nh nht ( ) 4 ; 3 ; 2 1 0 .
2 2
H t u MH MH = =
r

5 , 0
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25

0 , 1
0,5
0,5
-----------
0,5
0,5
V 1.
Ta c ( ) 0 ; 1 B Ox BC = I . t a x
A
= ta c ) ; ( o a A v
. 3 3 = = a y a x
C C
Vy ( ) 3 3 ; a a C .
T cng thc
( )
( )

+ + =
+ + =
C B A G
C B A G
y y y y
x x x x
3
1
3
1
ta c
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
3
) 1 ( 3
;
3
1 2 a a
G .
Cch I.
Ta c :
| 1 | 2 |, 1 | 3 |, 1 | = = = a BC a AC a AB . Do

1
0,25
7
( )
2
1
2
3
.
2
1
= =

a AC AB S
ABC
.
Ta c
( )
| 1 | 3 | 1 | 3
1 3 2
2
+

=
+ +
=
a a
a
BC AC AB
S
r = . 2
1 3
| 1 |
=
+
a
Vy . 2 3 2 | 1 | + = a
TH1.
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
+ =
3
3 2 6
;
3
3 4 7
3 3 2
1 1
G a
TH2
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
3
3 2 6
;
3
1 3 4
1 3 2
2 2
G a .
Cch II.
y
C
I
O B A x
Gi I l tm ng trn ni tip ABC . V 2 2 = =
I
y r .
Phng trnh ( ) 3 2 1
3
1
1 . 30 :
0
=

= =
I
x
x
x tg y BI .
TH1 Nu A v O khc pha i vi . 3 2 1+ =
I
x B T 2 ) , ( = AC I d
. 3 2 3 2 + = + =
I
x a
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +

3
3 2 6
;
3
3 4 7
1
G
TH 2. Nu A v O cng pha i vi . 3 2 1 =
I
x B Tng t
ta c . 3 2 1 2 = =
I
x a
|
|
.
|

\
|

3
3 2 6
;
3
1 3 4
2
G
0,25
0,25
0,25
-----------
0,25
0,25
0,25
2.
T
1 3
5
n n
C C = ta c 3 n v

1
8
( ) ( )
0 28 3 5
6
) 2 )( 1 (
! 1
!
5
! 3 ! 3
!
2
= =

n n n
n n n
n
n
n
n
4
1
= n (loi) hoc . 7
2
= n
Vi 7 = n ta c
. 4 4 2 140 2 . 2 . 35 140 2 2
2 2 2
3
3
4
2
1
3
7
= = = =
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|


x C
x x x
x x
0,25
0,25
0,5