Microsoft Excel 2000 Xp - 2003

PHN 1 Tong Quan ve Microsoft Eccel 2000-Xp-2003

I./ Gii thiu & Khi ng
Microsoft Excel l chng trnh cho php thnh lp cc bng tnh, tham gia trc tip cc php ton, thc hin kt xut D liu da theo 01 iu kin c th no , hoc biu din s liu trn th. Ngoi ra Microsoft Excel cn cho php ngi s dng thng k tng hp lin kt s liu theo a cp a chiu, t ng ha qu trnh bo co s liu theo thng qi - k hoc theo nm Khi ng

Start Programs Microsoft Excel

Mn hnh giao din

a ch

Thanh cng thc

Dng

Trang bng tnh

ct
VNG

II./ Cu trc bng tnh Excel:

Cu trc ca mt bng tnh trong chng trnh Excel bao gm nhng thnh phn sau: Trang 1

Tp tin bng tnh: gi l Workbook - mc nhin tn Book (Ta c th t tn khc) Trang bng tnh: gm t 1 n 255 bng tnh (Worksheet hay Sheet), mc nh l 03 bng tnh. Ta c th thm, i tn hoc xa. Mi bng tnh gm cc ct, dng v cc . Ct(Column): C tt c 256 ct trong bng tnh c k hiu t ct A n IV Dng (Row) c 65.536 dng c nh s th t t dng 1 n 65.536. (Cell) l giao im ca mt dng v mt ct. c xc nh bi mt a ch (ta ) gm tn ct v s th t dng. C 3 loi a ch : - a ch tng i: to s thay i khi chp n v tr mi, th d A1 - a ch tuyt i: to khng thay i khi chp n v tr mi, th d $A$2 - a ch hn hp: Tuyt i ct, tng i dng: $A5 Tng i ct, tuyt i dng: A$5

Cch to a ch tuyt i v hn hp: C 02 cch: Cch 1: Nhp trc tip k t $ vo trc tn ct hoc th t dng trong a ch ; Cch 2: Dng phm F4 i mt a ch c thnh loi a ch khc bng cch t im nhy ti a ch cn thay i, ln lt nhn phm F4 cho n khi c loi a ch cn c. Th d a ch l B5 + Nhn phm F4 ln th 1 s i thnh: $B$5 (Tuyt i) + Nhn phm F4 ln th 2 s i thnh: B$5 (Hn hp) + Nhn phm F4 ln th 3 s i thnh: $B5 (Hn hp) + Nhn phm F4 ln th 4 s i thnh: B5 (Tng i)

Vng (Range) gm mt hoc nhiu lin tc nhau. a ch vng gm a ch u tin v a ch cui cng cch nhau bi du hai chm (:). Vng c chia lm 03 loi:

1. Vng mt ct nhiu dng 2. Vng nhiu ct mt dng

Vd: A1:A10 Vd: A1:F1

3. Vng nhiu dng nhiu ct Vd: A1:F10

Mun t tn cho mt vng: Ta qut khi vng cn t tn, sau kch mouse ti hp tn (Name box nm bn tri thanh cng thc) ri nhp tn vng v nhn phm Enter kt thc.

III- Nhp d liu vo :

1- Cc kiu d liu: a) D liu kiu s (Number): K t u tin nhp vo l cc ch s t 0-9, cc du +, -, (, $. Mt s c nhp vo mc nhin thuc dng General v c canh bin bn phi . b) D liu kiu chui (Text): K t u tin nhp vo l cc k t ch t A-Z, hoc t A-Z + 0-9. Cc k t canh bin ', '', ^, \. Chui nhp vo mc nhin c canh bn tri . c) D liu kiu cng thc (Formula): K t u tin nhp vo l du = hoc. Ni dung hin th trong l kt qu tnh ton ca cng thc . Trang 2

Thnh phn ca cng thc gm c: s, chui (c bao trong cp nhy kp " "). u tin ca cc ton t trong cng thc: cc biu thc trong cp ngoc, ly tha, nhn hoc chia, cng hoc tr, so snh hoc lun l. d) D liu kiu ngy (Date) v gi (Time): D liu kiu ngy, gi c nhp theo dng thc qui nh trong Control Panel ca Windows. Thng thng, ngy s c nhp theo dng mm/dd/yy (Thng/Ngy/Nm) v gi c nhp theo dng hh:mm:ss. Mc nhin, d liu kiu ngy s canh bin bn phi . 2- Cc ton t c s dng trong cng thc:

Ton t tnh ton: Ton t lin kt chui: Ton t so snh (quan h): Ton t lun l:

+, -, *, /, ^, % & =, <>, >, >=, <, <= IF, AND, OR, NOT,

3./ Cch nhp d liu: Chn cn nhp, nhp d liu vo ri nhn phm Enter hoc di chuyn con tr n khc. Chiu di ti a ca chui d liu trong mt l 32.000 k t.

IV./ iu chnh, xo, khi phc d liu:

1./ iu chnh d liu: - Chn cn iu chnh ri nhn phm F2 (hoc kch p mouse vo cn iu chnh) chuyn sang ch iu chnh (trn thanh Status xut hin ch Edit); - Thc hin vic iu chnh ngay trong c chn hoc trn thanh cng thc 2./ Xo d liu: a) Nhn phm Del hoc kch mouse phi xo ni dung trong hoc khi . b) Dng cch Drag mouse xo ni dung: chn hoc khi mun xo ni dung, t con tr mouse vo vung nh gc di bn phi hoc khi (Fill handle), Drag mouse (nhn v gi nt mouse tri ri ko con tr mouse) ln pha trn phm vi c chn. Nu trong khi xo bng cch Drag mouse nh trn m nhn gi phm Ctrl th s xo c ni dung v kiu nh dng trong phm vi xo. c) S dng menu Edit/ Clear: - Chn hoc khi mun xo; - Chn menu Edit, chn mc Clear, chn mt trong 4 kiu xo:

All chn; Formats Contents Del Comments

: xo ton b ni dung, dng thc v ghi ch trong phm vi : Ch xo dng thc, khng xo ni dung v ghi ch; :ch xo ni dung; : ch xo phn ghi ch.

d) S dng menu Edit/ Delete xo ni dung: - Chn hoc khi mun xo; - Chn menu Edit, chn mc Delete, chn mt trong 4 kiu xo:

Trang 3

Shift cells left : sau khi xo s di cc bn phi sang tri chim ch Shift cells up : sau khi xo s di cc di ln chim ch; Entire row : xo c dng cha c chn

Entire column: xo c ct cha c chn. Chn menu Edit, chn Delete Sheet xo Worksheet hin hnh khi Workbook hin

3./ Xo c bng tnh: hnh. 4./ Khi phc d liu va b xo: hu b hnh ng xo va thc hin nhm khi phc d liu va b xo lm: - Kch mouse ti nt Undo trn thanh Standard Toolbar.

- Hoc chn menu Edit, chn mc Undo Clear. - Hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl+Z, hoc Alt+Backspace

V- Di chuyn, sao chp, chn d liu:

1./ Di chuyn d liu: dng mt trong cc cch sau: a) Drag mouse trn ng vin ca phm vi chn: - Chn hoc khi cn di chuyn d liu. - a con tr mouse n mt trong nhng ng vin ca phm vi chn (con tr mouse i thnh hnh mi tn ) ri Drag (ko) phm vi c chn n v tr mun di chuyn d liu n. b) Dng chc nng Cut (ct) v Paste (Dn): Chn hoc khi cn di chuyn d liu ri thc hin lnh Cut bng mt trong ba cch sau: - Nhn t hp phm Ctrl+X - Hoc kch mouse ti nt Cut trn thanh Standard Toolbar;

- Hoc chn menu Edit, chn mc Cut.

a con tr n v tr mun di chuyn n (nu l khi th a n gc trn bn tri ca khi s chuyn n) ri thc hin lnh Paste bng 1 trong 3 cch sau: - Nhn t hp phm Ctrl+V - Hoc kch mouse ti nt Paste trn thanh Standard Toolbar;

- Hoc chn menu Edit, chn mc Paste. 2./ Sao chp d liu: a) Drag mouse kt hp vi phm CTRL trn ng vin ca phm vi chn: - Chn hoc khi mun sao chp d liu. - a con tr mouse n mt trong nhng ng vin ca phm vi chn (con tr mouse i thnh hnh mi tn ), nhn v gi phm CTRL trong khi ko phm vi c chn n v tr mun sao chp n d liu n, th phm CTRL v nt mouse ra. b) Dng chc nng Copy (sao chp) v Paste (Dn): - Chn hoc khi cn sao chp d liu ri thc hin lnh Copy bng mt trong ba cch sau: Trang 4

 Nhn t hp phm Ctrl+C Hoc kch mouse ti nt Copy

trn thanh Standard Toolbar.

Hoc chn menu Edit, chn mc Copy.

a con tr n v tr mun sao chp n (nu l khi th a n gc trn bn tri ca khi s chuyn n) ri thc hin lnh Paste bng 1 trong 3 cch sau:

Nhn t hp phm Ctrl+V Hoc kch mouse ti nt Paste

trn thanh Standard Toolbar.

Hoc chn menu Edit, chn mc Paste.

c) Drag mouse ti Fill Handle (mc in) ca phm vi c chn: - Chn hoc khi lm ngun sao chp. - a con tr mouse n Fill Handle ca phm vi c chn, ko r ti Fill Handle ca phm vi c chn n cc ln cn (trong cng dng hoc cng ct) mun sao chp n.

VI- nh dng bng tnh:

1./ Chn thm ct, dng, trng: a) Chn thm ct trng: Chn ct cn chn (nu mun chn thm 2 ct trng th chn 2 ct, hoc ch cn chn 2 bt k nm trong 2 ct ), chn menu Insert ri chn mc Columns, s ct mi chn vo s xut hin bn tri cc ct hoc cc chn. b) Chn thm dng trng: Chn dng cn chn (nu mun chn thm 2 dng trng th chn 2 dng, hoc ch cn chn 2 bt k nm trong 2 dng ), chn menu Insert ri chn mc Rows, s dng mi chn vo s xut hin bn trn cc dng hoc cc chn. c) Chn thm hoc khi trng: Th d mun chn thm mt khi gm 2 trng vo a ch B2:C2 - Chn 2 B2, C2 chn menu Insert, chn mc Cells.. Xut hin hp thoi Insert, chn mt trong cc tu chn sau:

Shift cells right: Khi mi chn vo s y cc c sang phi Shift cells down: Khi mi chn vo s y cc c xung di Entire row: Chn ton b dng. Entire column: Chn ton b dng. -Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter chn, chn Cancel nu khng mun chn.

2./ Xo ct, dng, hoc khi : - Chn ct, dng, hoc khi mun xo. - Chn menu Edit, chn mc Delete - Xut hin hp thoi Delete, chn mt trong cc tu chn sau:

Shift cells left :xo phm vi chn v ko cc hoc cc ct t bn phi sang bn tri. Shift cells up : sau khi xo phm vi s di cc di ln chim ch. Trang 5

Entire row

: xo ton b dng chn v ko cc dng t di ln.

Entire column: xo ton b ct chn v ko cc ct t phi sang tri.

3./ nh dng dng, ct: a) Thay i chiu cao dng: a con tr mouse n bin di ca tiu dng. + Ko mouse ln hoc xung thay i chiu cao ca dng. + Hoc kch p mouse Excel t ng iu chnh chiu cao ca dng cho ph hp vi chiu cao ca dng d liu. Hoc chn cc dng mun thay i chiu cao, chn menu Format/Row/Height, xut hin hp thoi Row Height, nhp mt s vo hp Row Height (s thay i t 0-409 point, mc nh l 14.25 point), chn OK. Hoc chn cc dng, chn menu Format/Row/AutoFit Excel t ng iu chnh. b) Thay i rng ct: a con tr mouse vo ng bin bn phi ca tiu ct. + Ko mouse sang phi hoc tri thay i rng ct. + Hoc kch p mouse Excel t ng iu chnh rng ca ct. Hoc chn cc ct mun thay i rng, chn menu Format/Column/Width, xut hin hp thoi Column Width, nhp mt s vo hp Column Width (s thay i t 0-255 k t, mc nh l 9 k t), chn OK; mun hu chn Cancel. Hoc chn cc ct, chn menu Format/Column/AutoFit Selection Excel t ng iu chnh rng ca ct. C th quy nh li rng mc nh ca ct bng Format/Column/ chn mc Standard Witdh...ri nhp mt s quy nh rng mc nh ca ct, chn OK. c) Che du (Hide)/ Hin li (Unhide) cc ct, dng: Nu bng tnh qu ln, c th tm thi che du cc ct v dng t s dng: Chn cc ct hoc dng mun che du: chn menu Format, chn mc Row (nu mun che du dng) hoc chn Column (nu mun che du ct), chn lnh Hide che du ct hoc dng chn. Ct hoc dng che du ch cn li mt nt m. Mun hin li ct hoc dng che du: chn phm vi c cha ct hoc dng (Th d ct B b che du, mun hin li ct B phi chn t nht 2 bt k ca ct A v ct C), chn menu Format, chn mc Row hoc Column, chn lnh UnHide. 4./ Xp th t d liu trong ct (sort): a con tr vo ct cn xp th t trong bng tnh (th d TN), chn menu Data, chn mc Sort, xut hin hp thoi Sort: Trong khung Sort by: nu trong hp kho chnh c sn kho (nu t con tr trong ct Tn th mc nhin kho l Tn) th chn tip Ascending sp xp tng dn hoc Descending sp xp gim dn, ri chn OK. Nu kho chnh khng ng yu cu th kch mouse vo mi tn bn phi hp ri chn kho khc trong menu ko xung; Trong cc hp Then By: nhp cc kho ph (th d kho ph l H lt, Nm sinh); Trong phn My list has: chn Header row nu trong bng c dng tiu . Chn No header row nu trong bng khng c dng tiu ; Trang 6

Nu mun sp xp khng phn bit ch hoa, ch thng th kch nt Options, xut hin hp thoi Sort Options, xo du chn [X] trong hp kim tra Case Sensitive.

VII./ nh dng d liu trong cc :

1./ Chn kiu th hin cho d liu: a) Dng menu Format/ Cells: - Chn cc kiu d liu mun nh dng d liu - Chn menu Format, chn mc Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn phiu Number chn loi d liu cn nh dng trong hp Category (Chn Number cho kiu d liu s, chn Date cho kiu d liu ngy/thng/nm, chn Time cho kiu gi, chn Percentage cho kiu phn trm, chn Currency cho kiu tin t, chn Fraction cho kiu phn s...) Chn dng thc mun th hin trong hp Format Codes (Th d chn dng th hin "#,##0" hoc "#,##0.00" cho kiu s, chn dng th hin "mm/dm/yyyy" hoc dd-mm-yyyy cho ngy...); Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter b) Dng cc nt trn thanh Standard Toolbar: Chn d liu cn nh dng, kch mouse ti nt tng ng trn Standard Toolbar. - Nt (Currency Style): Th hin d liu kiu tin t. Th d: s 1,342,445 s th hin thng dng 1,342,445$ - Nt 45600% (Percent Style): Th hin s kiu phn trm. Th d: 456 s th hin thnh

- Nt (Comma Style): Th hin s kiu phn nhm (du phy (,) phn cch hng nghn, du chm (.) phn cch phn thp phn). Th d: 23,568.00 (Hai mi ba ngn nm trm su mi tm). - Nt - Nt (Increase Decimal): Tng phn thp phn thm 1 ch s 0. (Decrease Decimal): Gim phn thp phn 1 ch s 0.

2./ nh v (canh bin) cho d liu trong hoc khi : - Chn (hoc khi , dng, ct) cha d liu cn nh dng; - Chn menu Format, chn mc Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn phiu Alignment, chn trong cc khung Horizontal, Vertical, Orientation cc tu chn sau:

Khung Horizontal (canh bin theo chiu ngang cc ): Trang 7

- General : gi nguyn d liu nh khi g vo t bn phm (Mc nh: kiu s s canh phi, kiu chui s canh tri) - Left - Center - Right - Fill - Justify : Canh st bin bn tri ; : Canh st bin chnh gia ; : Canh st bin bn phi . : in ton b bng cc k t trong . : Canh u gia hai bin (st bin phi v tri).

- Center across selection: Canh chnh gia qua mt dy chn.

Khung Vertical (canh d liu theo chiu dc (trn-di) trong cc ): - General - Top - Center - Bottom - Justify : gi nguyn d liu nh khi g vo t bn phm : Canh d liu v pha trn . : Canh chnh gia . : Canh d liu v pha di . : Canh d liu st 2 bin trn v di ;

Khung Orientation (chn hnh thc trnh by d liu nm ngang hoc dc): Kiu Text : d liu nm ngang trong . 3 kiu ng: cc k t nm chng ln nhau, cc k t nm t di ln, cc k t nm t trn xung. Degrees : chnh nghing ca ch, c gi tr t -90 n 90 .

- kim tra Wrap Text : nu chn s bt ch y d liu xung dng di khi n st bin phi , nu khng chn s tt ch ny. 3./ Chn Font ch, mu ch, mu nn: a) Chn Font ch mc nh cho Excel: Chn menu Tools, chn mc Options, chn Tab General; Trong hp Standard Font: chn Font ch mc nh. Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter. Sau thot khi Excel ri khi ng Excel tr li. b) Chn Font ch cho mt Sheet hoc mt phm vi c chn: Dng menu Format/Cells (hoc nhn Ctrl+1): Chn phm vi (mt , khi hoc c Sheet) cn nh dng Font ch; Chn menu Format, chn mc Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn Tab Font. Trong hp Font: chn loi Font ch cn th hin; Trong hp Font Style: chn kiu th hin (Regular hoc Normal: bnh thng, Italic: nghing, Bold: m, Bold Italic: m v nghing); Trong hp Size: chn c ch (thng thng chn size 10 hoc 11); Trong hp Underline: chn kiu gch di (None: khng c gch di, Single: gch di nt n, Double: gch di nt i,...); Khung Effects: chn Strikethrough gch ngang thn ch (ABC), chn Superscript to ch s trn (ax2), chn Subscript to ch s (X1,Y2). Tu chn Normal Font: nu chn s tr v Font ch mc nh. Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter thit t. chn Cancel nu khng thit t. Trang 8

Dng cc nt trn thanh Formatting Toolbar: Chn phm vi mun nh dng, kch mouse vo nt lnh trn thanh Formatting Toolbar:

ngha cc nt trn nh sau: Font name (chn kiu Font ch). Font Size (chn kch thc Font ch) Bold (nh dng thnh ch m) Italic (nh dng thnh ch nghing) Underline (nh dng thnh ch c gch di) Left (canh bin bn tri) Center (canh chnh gia) Right (canh bin bn phi) Justify (canh u hai bn bin) Center Across Column (Canh gia qua mt

dy ct)

- Dng cc phm tt: Chn phm vi mun nh dng, nhn t hp phm tt sau: <Ctrl+B> <Ctrl+I> <Ctrl+U> <Ctrl+5> : In m : In nghing : Gch di : Gch ngang

c) Chn mu ch, mu nn: - Chn phm vi mun nh dng mu ch hoc mu nn: - Chn menu Format, chn mc Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn Tab Font. - Chn mu ch: +Chn phiu Font; +Trong hp Color: chn mu cho ch ri chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter. - Chn mu nn: +Chn phiu Patterns; +Chn mu cn bn cho nn trong bng mu Color; +Chn kiu nt t v mu ca nt t cho nn trong hp Pattern; +Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter. - Dng cc nt trn thanh Formatting Toolbar: Trang 9

- Chn phm vi mun nh dang mu ch hay mu nn; - Kch mouse ti cc nt sau: Fill Color (T mu nn) Font color (T mu ch) 4./ To ng vin (Border) cho hoc khi : a) Dng menu Format/Cells: - Chn phm vi mun to ng vin; Chn menu Format, chn mc Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn Tab Border. - Chn thit t vin trong khung Presets: +None: khng vin. +Outline: vin chung quanh. +Inside: ng vin gia. - Chn hnh thc vin trong khung Border:

vin cnh trn. vin cnh di. Vin ng cho. Vin ng cho

vin ng gia. vin ng cho. Vin cnh tri. Vin ng gia. Vin cnh phi.

- Chn kiu ng vin trong khung Style; - Chn mu ng vin trong hp Color; - Chn OK hoc nhn phm Enter thit t, chn Cancel nu khng thit t. b) Dng nt Border trn thanh Formatting Toolbar: - Chn phm vi mun to ng vin; - Kch mouse ti nt Borders ri chn v tr v kiu ng vin theo yu cu. 5./ C nh vng ca s: a con tr ti gc di bn phi vng mun c inh; Chn Windows, ri chn mc Freeze panes hoc kch mouse ln nt trn thanh Formatting Toolbar c nh vng ca s. (Khi vng ca s c c nh s khng b tri theo mn hnh khi di chuyn con tr). Mun hu chc nng c nh ca s, chn Windows, ri chn mc Unfreeze panes. Trang 10

PHN 2

Cach S Dung Cac Ham Trong Excel

I./ S dng cc hm trch chui trong Excel:
1- Trch t BN TRI chui m ly ra mt chui con: =LEFT(text,num_chars) hoc =LEFT(chui m, s k t chui con) Th d1: =LEFT("Sale Price",4) cho kt qu l "Sale". =LEFT(abcd) cho kt qu l a. Ging vi =LEFT(abcd,1). Nu A1 cha chui "Sweden", th: =LEFT(A1) cho kt qu l "S". Th d 2: c a ch B3 cha chui m c gi tr l A01L1, trch t bn tri ly ra 1 k t (ly ra k t A) dng hm: =LEFT(B3,1) 2- Trch t BN PHI chui m ly ra mt chui con: =RIGHT(text,num_chars) hoc =RIGHT(chui m, s k t chui con) Th d1: =RIGHT("Sale Price",5) bng "Price". =RIGHT("Stock Number") bng "r". Nu A1 cha chui "Sweden", th: =RIGHT(A1) cho kt qu l "n". Th d2: c a ch A2 cha chui m c gi tr l B02L2, trch t bn phi ly ra 2 k t (ly ra k t L2) dng hm: =RIGHT(A2,2) 3- Trch t GIA chui m ly ra mt chui con: =MID(text,start_num,num_chars) hoc =MID(chui m, v tr bt u ca chui con, s k t chui con) Th d 1: =MID("Fluid Flow",1,5) bng "Fluid". =MID("Fluid Flow",7,20) bng "Flow". =MID("1234",5,5) bng "" (chui rng). Th d 2: c a ch B2 cha chui m c gi tr l 12MNL2, trch gia t v tr th 3 (tnh t phi sang tri tc l k t M) ly ra 2 k t (ly ra k t MN) dng hm: =MID(B2,3,2) 4- i chui c dng s thnh s: Trang 11

=VALUE(text) hoc =VALUE(chui c dng s) Th d 1: =VALUE("$1,000") bng 1,000 Th d 2: c a ch B2 cha chui c gi tr l B71, trch t bn phi ly ra 2 k t 71 ri i chui "71" thnh s, dng hm: =VALUE(RIGHT(B2,2)) 5- I chui sang ch HOA =UPPER(TEXT) Ho c =UPPER(chui) V d: = UPPER(tin hc) = TIN HC 6- I chuI sang ch Hoa u T =Proper(TEXT) Ho c =Proper(chui) V d: = Proper(tin hc) = Tin Hc 7- I chuI sang ch thng. =lower(TEXT) Ho c =lower(chui) V d: = lower(TIN HC) = tin hc Ngoi nhng hm nu trn, Excel cn rt nhiu Hm x l chuI, ty theo nhu cu thc t trong bi ton m chng ta c th khai trin thm mt s Hm mi. Gio vin s hng dn trc tip cho Hc vin trong gi ln lp.

II./ S dng cc hm tnh tng trong Excel:

1- Hm tnh tng n gin: =SUM(number1,number2,..., number n) hoc =SUM(vng cha s) Th du 1: =SUM(3, 2) bng 5 Th d 2: Tnh tng cc c gi tr trong vng A3:D3, dng hm: =SUM(A3:D3) 2-Hm tnh tng c iu kin: =SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range) hoc =SUMIF(vng cha iu kin,iu kin,vng tnh tng) Th d: Lp bng tnh vi ct (t A2 n A8) cha TN HNG (Gm 3 loi hng l MONITOR, MOUSE, RAM). Ct B (t B2 n B8) cha s lng ca tng loi hng. Yu cu phi tnh tng s lng ca tng loi hng ring bit ( B9 tnh tng ca MONITOR, B10 tnh tng ca MOUSE, B11 tnh tng ca RAM). Dng hm SUMIF nh sau:

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A B TN HNG S LNG MONITOR 15 MOUSE 30 RAM 125 MOUSE 45 RAM 110 MONITOR 35 S lng MONITOR =SUMIF(A2:A8,"MONITOR",B2:B8) S lng MOUSE =SUMIF(A2:A8,"MOUSE",B2:B8)

III./ S dng hm m:
1- m cc c gi tr kiu s: =COUNT(value1,value2, ...) hoc =COUNT(gi tr1,gi tr2, ...) hoc =COUNT(vng cha cc tr kiu s cn m) Th d1: Gi s A3:A6 cha cc th: "apples", "oranges", "peaches", "apples" =COUNTIF(A3:A6,"apples") bng 2 - Gi s B3:B6 cha cc s: 32, 54, 75, 86: =COUNTIF(B3:B6,">55") bng 2 Th d 2: Trong bng tnh di y, m s th sinh D THI (ghi kt qu vo B9), dng hm =COUNT(C2:C7) Bng Tng Kt: A SBD A001 A002 B003 C004 C005 B006 C D E TS IM KT QU XP HNG 65 47 H 52 54 75 34 H S = ? LOI TB= D THI =COUNT(C2:C7) S HNG= ? LOI KH= 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B H V TN L Th A Trn Vn B Nguyn Th C Hong Vn D Phm Th E Hunh Vn G F XP LOI TB TB TB KH ? ?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2- m cc cha d liu (khng rng): =COUNTA(value1,value2, ...) hoc =COUNTA(gi tr1,gi tr2, ...) hoc =COUNTA(vng cha d liu) Th d1:

A Sales 12/8/1990 19 22.24 TRUE #DIV/0!

=COUNTA(A1:A7) bng 6 =COUNTA(A4:A7) bng 4 =COUNTA(A1:A7, 2) bng 7 =COUNTA(A1:A7, "Two") equals 7

Th d: S dng bng TONGKET trn: bit s th sinh d thi c th m ct KT QU hoc ct SBD, dng hm: =COUNTA(D2:D7), hoc =COUNTA(A2:A7) u c kt qu l 6.

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3- m s theo iu kin: =COUNTIF(range,criteria) hoc =COUNTIF(vng cha iu kin,iu kin) Th d 1: S dng bng TONGKET trn: m S tc l s th sinh d thi c kt qu () trong ct KT QU (ghi kt qu vo D8), dng hm: =COUNTIF(D2:D7,""). m S HNG dng hm: =COUNTIF(D2:D7,"H"). Th d 2: S dng bng TONGKET trn: m LOI TB tc l s th sinh xp loi TB trong ct XP LOI (ghi kt qu vo F8), dng hm: =COUNTIF(F2:F7,"TB"). m LOI KH dng hm: =COUNTIF(F2:F7,"KH").

IV./ S dng hm xp hng:

=RANK(number,ref,order) hoc =RANK(s cn xp hng,vng cha s cn xp hng,kiu xp hng)

Th d 1: Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 7, 3.5, 3.5, 1, v 2, th: =RANK(A2,A1:A5,1) bng 3 =RANK(A1,A1:A5,1) bng 5 Th d 2: S dng bng TONGKET trn: Xp hng cho th sinh u tin cn c vo im s ghi trong ct TS IM (nm trong vng C2:C7), dng hm =RANK(C2,$C$2:$C$7,0) Ch : Vng cha s cn xp hng phi dng a ch tuyt i; Xp hng kiu 0 khi s cng ln th xp hng cng cao (Th d: im ln th hng cao) Xp hng kiu 1 khi s cng nh th xp hng cng cao (Th d: thi gian chy cng nh tc l chy cng nhanh th hng cng cao)

V./Tm gi tr ln nht, nh nht, trung bnh trong danh sch gi tr:

Cc hm sau y c th nhn t 1 n 30 i s. Hm c thm ch A sau cho php tnh c gi tr logic (vi qui c TRUE=1, FALSE=0). 1- Tm gi tr ln nht: =MAX(number1,number2,...) =MAXA(value1,value2,...) Th d: Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th: =MAX(A1:A5) bng 27 =MAX(A1:A5,30) bng 30 =MAXA(A1:A5) bng 27 =MAXA(A1:A5,30) bng 30 Nu A1:A5 cha cc gi tr 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.4, v TRUE, th: =MAXA(A1:A5) bng 1 2- Tm gi tr nh nht: =MIN(number1,number2, ...) Trang 14

=MINA(value1,value2,...) Th d: Nu A1:A5 cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th: =MIN(A1:A5) bng 2 =MIN(A1:A5, 0) bng 0 3- Tm gi tr trung bnh: =AVERAGE(number1,number2, ...) hoc =AVERAGEA(value1,value2,...) Th d: Nu A1:A5 c tn Scores v cha cc s 10, 7, 9, 27, v 2, th: =AVERAGE(A1:A5) bng 11 =AVERAGE(Scores) bng 11 =AVERAGE(A1:A5, 5) bng 10 =AVERAGE(A1:A5) bng SUM(A1:A5)/COUNT(A1:A5) bng 11 Th d 2: S dng bng TONGKET trn: Tnh TS IM ln nht, nh nht v trung bnh ca cc th sinh: =MAX(C2:C7) c gi tr l 75 =MIN(C2:C7) c gi tr l 34 =AVERAGE(C2:C7) c gi tr l 54.5

VI./ S dng hm lm trn s:

1- Lm trn s vi s lng s l c qui nh: =ROUND(number,num_digits) hoc =ROUND(s cn lm trn,lm trn n v tr th my) Nu l s dng (khng du) th lm trn v bn phi du chm thp phn. Nu l s m (du tr) th lm trn v bn tri du chm thp phn. Nu l s zero (0) th lm trn bng cch b phn thp phn v lm trn con s cui cng ca phn nguyn theo nguyn tc: + Nu con s thp phn u tin t 0-4 th b phn thp phn, gi nguyn phn nguyn; + Nu con s thp phn u tin t 5-9 th b phn thp phn, nng con s cui ca phn nguyn ln 1 n v; Th d 1: - Lm trn n v tr th 1 ca s l: =ROUND(123.5454,1) kt qu l 123.5 - Lm trn n v tr th 2 ca s l: =ROUND(123.5454,2) kt qu l 123.55 - Lm trn s nguyn cui cng: =ROUND(123.5454,0) kt qu l 124 - Lm trn n s nguyn k tip s nguyn cui cng: =ROUND(123.5454,-1) kt qu l 120 Th d 2: =ROUND(2.15, 1) bng 2.2 Trang 15 Con s ch v tr cn lm trn:

=ROUND(2.149, 1) bng 2.1 =ROUND(-1.475, 2) bng -1.48 =ROUND(21.5, -1) bng 20 Ch : - Khi tnh IM TRUNG BNH nn lm trn ly 1 s l: ROUND(TS IM/H S,1) - Khi tnh TIN (Th d tin cng mt ngy trong thng) nn lm trn b s l: =ROUND(TIN CNG THNG /S NGY TRONG THNG,0) =ROUNDDOWN(number,num_digits) Lm trn mt s thnh s nh hn. Th d: =ROUNDDOWN(3.2, 0) bng 3 =ROUNDDOWN(76.9,0) bng 76 =ROUNDDOWN(3.14159, 3) bng 3.141 =ROUNDDOWN(-3.14159, 1) bng -3.1 =ROUNDDOWN(31415.92654, -2) bng 31,400 =ROUNDUP(number,num_digits) Lm trn mt s thnh s ln hn. Th d: =ROUNDUP(3.2,0) bng 4 =ROUNDUP(76.9,0) bng 77 =ROUNDUP(3.14159, 3) bng 3.142 =ROUNDUP(-3.14159, 1) bng -3.2 =ROUNDUP(31415.92654, -2) bng 31,500 2- Lm trn ly s nguyn ln nht nh hn s: =INT(number) Th d: =INT(8.9) bng 8 =INT(-8.9) bng -9

VII./ Nhn, chia, cn bc hai, ly tha:

1- Dng hm nhn: =PRODUCT(number1,number2, ...) Th d: =PRODUCT(2,3,4,5) bng 120 Nu cc A2:C2 c ni dung 5, 15, v 30, th: =PRODUCT(A2:C2) bng 2,250 =PRODUCT(A2:C2, 2) bng 4,500 Trang 16

2- Dng cng thc vi ton t nhn (*) v chia (/) Th d: 2*3 bng 6 Nu A2 c gi tr 10 v A3 c gi 15 th: A2*A3 bng 150 3- Khai cn bc hai: =SQRT(number) Number l s dng cn khai cn. Th d: =SQRT(16) bng 4 =SQRT(-16) bng #NUM! =SQRT(ABS(-16)) bng 4 4- Lu tha: =POWER(number,power) Number l c s, power l s m. Th d: =POWER(5,2) bng 25 =POWER(98.6,3.2) bng 2401077 =POWER(4,5/4) bng 5.656854

VIII./ Ly s d ca php chia:

=MOD(number,divisor) hoc Th d: =MOD(3, 2) bng 1 =MOD(-3, 2) bng 1 =MOD(3, -2) bng -1 =MOD(-3, -2) bng -1 =MOD(s b chia,s chia)

IX./ S dng cc hm lun l (logical):

1- Hm AND: =AND(logical1,logical2, ...) hoc =AND(biu thc1,biu thc2, ...) Trong danh sch cc biu thc, nu c t nht 1 biu thc c gi tr l FALSE (SAI) th hm s cho gi tr l FALSE, ngc li hm s cho gi tr l TRUE (NG). Th d: =AND(TRUE, TRUE) bng TRUE =AND(TRUE, FALSE) bng FALSE =AND(2+2=4, 2+3=5) bng TRUE Trang 17

=AND(10>5,12<10) bng FALSE (v 12<10 cho gi tr FALSE) Nu B1:B3 cha cc gi tr TRUE, FALSE, v TRUE, th: =AND(B1:B3) bng FALSE Nu B4 cha mt s nm gia 1 v 100, th: =AND(1<B4, B4<100) bng TRUE 2- Hm OR: =OR(logical1,logical2,...) hoc =OR(biu thc1,biu thc2, ...) Trong danh sch cc biu thc, nu c t nht 1 biu thc c gi tr l TRUE (NG) th hm s cho gi tr l TRUE , ngc li hm s cho gi tr l FALSE (SAI). Th d: =OR(TRUE) bng TRUE =OR(1+1=1,2+2=5) bng FALSE =OR(8>5,6=3,12>18,6<2) bng TRUE (v 8>5 cho gi tr TRUE) Nu A1:A3 cha cc gi tr TRUE, FALSE, v TRUE, th: =OR(A1:A3) bng TRUE 3- Hm NOT(ph nh): =NOT(logical) Logical l mt gi tr hoc biu thc lun l nhn cc gi tr TRUE hoc FALSE. Nu logical l FALSE, hm NOT cho kt qu TRUE; nu logical l TRUE, hm NOT cho kt qu FALSE. Th d: =NOT(FALSE) bng TRUE =NOT(1+1=2) bng FALSE 4- Hm IF: =IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false) hoc =IF(iu kin,gi tr nu iu kin ng,gi tr nu iu kin sai) Th d1: mt sheet qun l kho, A10 cha mt cng thc tnh ton tnh trng hin ti ca kho. Nu kt qu A10 nh hn hoc bng 100 th hm s hin th "Within budget". Ngc li, hin th "Over budget". =IF(A10<=100,"Within budget","Over budget") Th d 2: (S dng bng di) Nu k t u tin ca MANV l H th hin th P. HNH CHNH, nu sai thi hin th PHNG KHC. =IF(LEFT(A2,1)="H","P. HNH CHNH", "PHNG KHC")

p dng cc hm LOGIC trn: Trang 18

1 2 3 4 5

A MANV H01GD N05TP K10NV N07PP

B H v TN L Th A Trn Vn B Nguyn Th C Hunh Vn D

C N T F T F

D E CHC V PHNG ? ?

F CON 2 3 0 1

G PC CON ?

H PC CV ?

- Tnh gi tr ca D2 (CHC V): Nu hai k hiu cui ca MANV l GD th GIM C,nu l PG th P.GIM C, nu l TP th TRNG PHNG, nu PP th PH PHNG, nu khng phi cc iu trn th NHN VIN =IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="GD","GIM C",IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="PG","P.GIM C", IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="TP","TRNG PHNG",IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="PP","PH PHNG","NHN VIN")))) - Tnh gi tr ca E2 (Phng): Nu k t u tin ca MANV l H th phng HNH CHNH, nu l N th phng NGHIP V, ngc li l phng KINH DOANH. =IF(LEFT($A2,1)="H","HNH CHNH",IF(LEFT($A2,1)="N","NGHIP V","KINH DOANH")) - Tnh gi tr ca G2 (PC CON=ph cp con): Nu gii tnh l N (C2="T") v s con khng qu 2 (F2<=2) th ph cp 500000, ngc li, nu gii tnh l N (C2="T") v s con trn 3 (F2>=3) th ph cp 600000, ngc li cc iu trn khng c ph cp. =IF(AND($C2="T",$F2<=2),500000,IF(AND($C2="T",$F2>=3),60000,0)) - Tnh gi tr ca H2 (PC CV=ph cp chc v): Nu chc v l GIM C th ph cp 200000, nu l P. GIM C th ph cp 150000, nu l TRNG PHNG hoc PH PHNG th ph cp 100000. =IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="GD",200000,IF(RIGHT($A2,2)="PG",150000,IF(OR(RIGHT($A2,2)="TP, RIGHT($A2,2)="PP"),100000,0)))

X./ S dng cc hm tm kim:

1- Hm HLOOKUP (Tm theo hng ngang): =HLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,row_index_num,range_lookup) Hoc =HLOOKUP(tr cn tm,bng d liu,hng tham chiu,cch tm) Hm HLOOKUP tm kim gi tr trong hng trn cng ca bng, v tr v kt qu l mt gi tr hng tham chiu ch nh t bng. - lookup_value (tr cn tm): l gi tr c tm kim trong hng u tin ca bng d liu; - table_array (bng d liu): l mt vng (khi ) cha d liu cho trc, hng u tin trn cng (hng 1) cha cc tr cn tm. -row_index_num (hng tham chiu): l s th t ca hng trong bng d liu m hm s ly gi tr tr v khi tm c tr cn tm hng 1. Cc hng tham chiu tnh t hng 2 tr i. -range_lookup (cch tm): +Nu cch tm l FALSE hoc 0 s tm chnh xc tr cn tm. Hng 1 ca bng d liu khng cn sp xp th t. +Nu cch tm l TRUE hoc mt s khc khng nh ..,-2,-1,1,2,3,.. s tm gn ng. Hng 1 ca bng d liu cn sp xp theo th t tng dn. Nu tr cn tm nh hn phn t u tin trong hng 1, hm s tr v #N/A Trang 19

cng.

Nu tr cn tm ln hn phn t cui cng trong hng 1 th xem nh tm thy phn t cui

Th d1: Gi s c worksheet nh sau: A LOI TIN 1 CNG STT 1 2 3 4 B A 50000 H v TN Hong A L B Nguyn C Phm D C B 45000 LOI A C D B D C 40000 E

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

S CNG TIN NHN 28 ? 22 ? 20 ? 25 ?

- TIN 1 CNG c tm theo cng thc =HLOOKUP(C5,$B$1:$D$2,2,1) - TIN NHN tnh theo cng thc =HLOOKUP(C5,$B$1:$D$2,2,1)*D5 Nu t tn cho vng $B$1:$D$2 l LOAITCONG (t tn g l tu ), th hai cng thc trn c th vit gn nh sau: =HLOOKUP(C5,LOAITCONG,1) =HLOOKUP(C5,LOAITCONG,2,1)*D5 Ghi ch: Nu mun sao chp cng thc theo CHIU DC (ct), nn c nh CT Nu mun sao chp cng thc theo CHIU NGANG (hng), nn c nh HNG

2- Hm VLOOKUP (Tm theo ct dc): =VLOOKUP(lookup_value,table_array,col_index_num,range_lookup) Hoc =VLOOKUP(tr cn tm,bng d liu,ct tham chiu,cch tm) Hm VLOOKUP tm kim gi tr trong ct u tin ca bng d liu, v tr v kt qu l mt gi tr ct tham chiu ch nh t bng. - lookup_value (tr cn tm): l gi tr c tm kim trong ct u tin ca bng d liu; - table_array (bng d liu): l mt vng (khi ) cha d liu cho trc, ct u tin bn tri (ct 1) cha cc tr cn tm. -col_index_num (ct tham chiu): l s th t ca ct trong bng d liu m hm s ly gi tr tr v khi tm c tr cn tm ct 1. Cc ct tham chiu tnh t ct 2 tr i. -range_lookup (cch tm): +Nu cch tm l FALSE hoc 0 s tm chnh xc tr cn tm. Ct 1 ca bng d liu khng cn sp xp th t. +Nu cch tm l TRUE hoc mt s khc khng nh ..,-2,-1,1,2,3,.. s tm gn ng. Ct 1 ca bng d liu cn sp xp theo th t tng dn. Nu tr cn tm nh hn phn t u tin trong ct 1, hm s tr v #N/A Nu tr cn tm ln hn phn t cui cng trong ct 1 th xem nh tm thy phn t cui cng.

Trang 20

Th d 1: Tnh tin cng trong thng tu theo loi lao ng: lao ng loi A c tnh 50000 /cng, loi B c tnh 45000 /cng, loi C c tnh 40000 /cng

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 LOI A B C STT 1 2 3 4

B TIN 1 CNG 50000 45000 40000 H v TN Hong A L B Nguyn C Phm D

LOI S CNG A 28 C 22 D 20 B 25

TIN NHN ?

- TIN 1 CNG tm theo cng thc =VLOOKUP(C7,$A$2:$B$4,2,1) - TIN NHN tnh theo cng thc =VLOOKUP(C7,$A$2:$B$4,2,1)*D7 Nu t tn cho vng $A$2:$B$4 l LOAITC (t tn g l tu ), th hai cng thc trn c th vit gn nh sau: =VLOOKUP(C7,LOAITC,2,1) =VLOOKUP(C7,LOAITC,2,1)*D7 + Gii thch: Tr cn tm C7 c d tm trong ct 1 ca bng d liu LOAITC hay $A$2:$B$4. Nu tm thy s tham chiu ct 2 ly tr tng ng (th d tm c tr "A" s ly tr tng ng l 50000 ct 2). V cch tm l 1 (tm gn ng) nn tr "D" ln hn phn t cui cng trong ct 1 vn xem nh l tr "C" v vn ly tr tng ng ct 2 l 40000. Th d 2: A B C 1 Air at 1 atm pressure (p sut) 2 Density(mt ) Viscosity temp(nhit ) 3 (kg/cubic m) (kg/m*s)*1E+05 (degrees C) 4 0.457 3.55 500 5 0.525 3.25 400 6 0.616 2.93 300 7 0.675 2.75 250 8 0.746 2.57 200 9 0.835 2.38 150 10 0.946 2.17 100 11 1.09 1.95 50 12 1.29 1.71 0 bng trn, vng A4:C12 c t tn l Range: =VLOOKUP(1,Range,1,1) bng 0.946 (tm gi tr gn ng bng 1 ct 1, tham chiu ct 1) =VLOOKUP(1,Range,2) bng 2.17 (tm gi tr gn ng bng 1 ct 1, tham chiu ct 2) =VLOOKUP(1,Range,3,1) bng 100 (tm gi tr gn ng bng 1 ct 1, tham chiu ct 3) =VLOOKUP(.746,Range,3,0) bng 200(tm gi tr ng bng 0.746 ct 1, tham chiu ct 3) =VLOOKUP(0.1,Range,2,0) bng #N/A, bi v 0.1 nh hn gi tr nh nht trong ct A.
(tm gi tr gn ng bng 0.1 ct 1, tham chiu ct 3)

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=VLOOKUP(2,Range,2,1) bng 1.71(tm gi tr gn ng bng 2 ct 1, tham chiu ct 2) 3./ Dng hm INDEX kt hp vi hm MATCH khi d tm nhiu ct hoc nhiu dng: a- Hm INDEX: =INDEX(reference,row_num,column_num,area_num) hay
chiu) =INDEX(vng tham chiu, hng tham chiu, ct tham chiu, s th t vng tham

Hm INDEX c dng tham chiu ti mt trong mt vng, khi v tr ca ny bit, dng hm ny trong nhng trng hp sau: tham chiu ti mt trong mt vng khi dng hoc ct thay i. thc hin d tm khi kt hp vi MATCH. tham chiu vo nhng vng mt chiu hoc hai chiu. Trong bng di y th vng tham chiu c a ch $B$9:$D$12; Hng tham chiu c tm trong vng c i ch $A$9:$A$12 (tr "L1" nm trong hng 1, tr "L2" nm trong hng 2, tr "L3" nm trong hng 3, tr "L4" nm trong hng 4); Ct tham chiu c tm trong vng c i ch $B$8:$D$8 (tr "A" nm trong ct 1, tr "B" nm trong ct 2, tr "C" nm trong ct 3). y ch c mt vng tham chiu nn khng cn khai bo s th t vng tham chiu. Th d: Gi s c bng hnh bn di: =INDEX($B$9:$D$12,3,2) gi tr tm c l 120000 A M PHNG A01L1 B03L2 C02L3 A04L4 B C D KHCH TR S NGY TIN 1 NGY Vy Hnh 8 ? Vn Hnh 10 ? Misa 6 ? Delphi 5 ? LOI PHNG A B 200000 180000 180000 150000 150000 120000 120000 100000 E TIN TR ? ? ? ?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

TNG L1 L2 L3 L4

C 150000 120000 100000 80000

b- Hm MATCH: =MATCH(lookup_value,lookup_array,match_type) hoc =MATCH(tr cn tm,vng tm kim,cch tm)

Hm ny tr v v tr tng i ca tr tm c trong vng tm kim. - Vng tm kim: l mt hng hoc mt ct (theo qui c : v tr u tin trong vng c gi tr l 1, v tr k tip l 2,...) - Cch tm: 0 :tm chnh xc, nu khng tm thy tr v #N/A. 1 :Tm gi tr ln nht nh hn hoc bng tr cn tm. Vng tm kim phi c sp xp tng dn. Nu tt c cc gi tr trong vng tm kim u ln hn tr cn tm th tr v #N/A. Trang 22

-1 :Tm gi tr nh nht ln hn hoc bng tr cn tm. Vng tm kim phi c sp xp gim dn. Nu tt c cc gi tr trong vng tm kim u nh hn tr cn tm th tr v #N/A. Th d: (s dng bng trn) =MATCH("L1",$A$9:$A$12,0) bng 1 (tm v tr c gi tr "L1" trong vng $A$9:$A$12) =MATCH("B",$B$8:$D$8,0) bng 2 (tm v tr c gi tr "B" trong vng $B$8:$D$8) p dng: tnh TIN 1 NGY trong bng trn theo cng thc:
=INDEX($B$9:$D$12,MATCH(RIGHT(A2,2),$A$9:$A$12,0),MATCH(LEFT(A2,1),$B$8:$D$8,0))

Trang 23

PHN 3

Ket Xuat D Lieu Trong Excel

I./ Cc loi vng trong tp c s d liu:
- Vng Database (vng c s d liu, cha ni dung bng tnh): gm t nht hai dng, dng u tin cha tiu cc trng (File Name), nhng dng sau cha cc mu tin (Record). Tiu trng cha d liu kiu chui v khng c trng lp. Th d: A STT 1 2 3 4 5 B H LT Nguyn Vn L Th Trn Ho Hong Minh H Nguyn C D E TN CHC V S CON A TP 2 B NV 1 C NV 1 D GD 3 E NV 2 F LNG 900000 800000 750000 950000 700000 G H CHC V TP GD

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

STT H LT 1 Nguyn Vn 4 Hong Minh

TN CHC V S CON A TP 2 D GD 3

LNG 900000 950000

Vng A1:F6 l vng Database, vng H1:H3 l vng Criteria, vng A9:F11 l vng Extract. - Vng Criteria (vng tiu chun, cha iu kin lc d liu): gm t nht hai dng v mt ct, dng u tin cha tiu trng (phi ging tiu trng trong vng Database), cc dng cn li cha iu kin. Mi ct ca vng Criteria cha mt loi iu kin. C th c cc loi tiu chun sau: +Tiu chun s: iu kin c kiu s. Th d: Tiu chun trng tng s im (TS) bng 15. TS 15 +Tiu chun chui: iu kin c kiu chui. Trong iu kin c th cha k t i din ? hoc *. Th d: Tiu chun TN bt u bng k t "T" TN T* + Tiu chun so snh: iu kin cha cc ton t so snh km vi gi tr so snh. cc ton t so snh gm: Trang 24

> (ln hn)

<(nh hn) = (bng) S CON >2

>= (ln hn hay bng) <> (khc)

<= (nh hn hay bng)

Th d: Tiu chun S CON ln hn 2

+ Tiu chun cng thc: iu kin c kiu cng thc. Lu : tiu ca vng tiu chun phi l mt tiu khc vi tt c cc tiu ca vng Database. Trong iu kin phi ly a ch ca trong mu tin u tin so snh. Th d: Tiu chun k t u tin ca tn khc "T". Cng thc iu kin l =LEFT(C2,1)<>"T" th c kt qu l TRUE hay FALSE (hoc 1 hay 0) tu vo iu kin ng hoc sai. TN<>T TRUE +Lin kt tiu chun: C th V (AND) , HOC (OR) nhiu iu kin trong vng Criteria c nhiu hng, nhiu ct. v

AND th cc iu kin phi t cc ct khc nhau. OR th cc iu kin phi t cc hng khc nhau. Th d iu kin TS>=15 v IM>=5 l AND iu kin TS>=15 hoc IM >=5 l OR

Trong tiu chun trn th tt c cc iu kin kt hp vi nhau l : (TS>=15 V IM>=5) HOC (TS>=14 V IM>=8) TS >=15 >=14 IM >=5 >=8

- Vng Extract (vng kt xut hay vng rt trch, cha ni dung c kt xut): gm mt khi cha tiu chun cc trng kt xut.

II./ Tm kim, rt trch v xo c s d liu:

a/ Tm kim: Trong thao tc ny cn to trc vng Database v vng Criteria, khng cn to trc vng Extract. - Di chuyn con tr vo vng Database. - Chn trn menu Data/Filter/Advanced Filter. Xut hin hp thoi Advanced Filter: - mc Action, chn Filter the List, in place (hin th nhng mu tin tho mn iu kin ngay trn vng CSDL). - Xc nh a ch vng Database vo hp List Range. - Xc nh a ch vng Criteria vo hp Criteria Range. Trang 25

- Nhn phm Enter hay chn OK, cc mu tin khng tho iu kin s b du i, ch trnh by cc mu tin tho mn iu kin. Ch , sau mun lit k li ton b ni dung cc mu tin ca CSDL, dng lnh Data/Filter/Show All b/ Rt trch: Trong thao tc ny cn to trc vng Database, vng Criteria v vng Extract. - Di chuyn con tr vo vng Database. - Chn trn menu Data/Filter/Advanced Filter. Xut hin hp thoi Advanced Filter: - Chn Copy to Another Location mc Action. (Copy ti mt ni khc nhng mu tin tho mn iu kin trong vng Criteria). - Xc nh a ch vng Database vo hp List Range. - Xc nh a ch vng Criteria vo hp Criteria Range. - Xc nh a ch cc tiu ca vng Extract vo hp Copy to - Nhn phm <Enter> hay chn OK, cc mu tin tho iu kin trong vng Criteria s c chp vo vng Extract.

c/ Xa:

Nu chn Unique Records Only : cc mu tin ging nhau trong vng trch ch tn ti mt mu tin. Nu khng chn Unique Records Only : trch y cc mu tin tho mn iu kin trong vng tiu chun.

Trong thao tc ny ch cn to trc vng Database v vng Criteria, khng cn to trc vng Extract. - Thc hin cc bc nh thao tc tm kim. - Sau khi trong vng CSDL lit k cc mu tin tho mn iu kin trong vng Criteria, chn cc dng ny v thc hin lnh Edit/Delete Row - Thc hin lnh Data/Filter/Show All lit k li ton b ni dung cc mu tin b du i trong thao tc tm kim.

III./ Cc hm trong c s d liu:

Cc tham s: database (vng c s d liu) field (trng) criteria (vng tiu chun) 1- Tnh tng: =DSUM(database,field,criteria) hoc =DSUM(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Cng cc s trong mt trng ca cc mu tin c s d liu theo mt vng tiu chun. : l vng cc to thnh CSDL. : ch nh cc trng c s dng. : l vng cha tiu chun.

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2- Tm gi tr ln nht (Hm DMAX): =DMAX(database, field, criteria) hoc =DMAX(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Tm gi tr ln nht trong cc mu tin c s d liu chn theo mt vng tiu chun. 3- Tm gi tr nh nht (Hm DMIN): =DMIN(database, field, criteria) hoc =DMIN(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Tm gi tr nh nht trong cc mu tin c s d liu chn theo mt vng tiu chun. 4- m (Hm DCOUNT): =DCOUNT(database, field, criteria) hoc =DCOUNT(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) m s c cha s ca mt c s d liu chn theo mt vng tiu chun. 5- m cc khng trng(Hm DCOUNT): =DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria) hoc =DCOUNTA(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) m cc khng trng ca mt c s d liu chn theo mt vng tiu chun. 6- Tnh gi tr trung bnh (hm DAVERAGE): =DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria) hoc =DCOUNTA(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Tnh trung bnh cc mu tin c s d liu c chn 7- Trch lc mu tin(hm DGET): =DGET(database,field,criteria) hoc =DGET(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Trch lc t mt c s d liu chn mt mu tin l tho mn mt tiu chun nht nh.

8- Tnh nhn (Hm DPRODUCT): =DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria) hoc =DPRODUCT(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Nhn cc gi tr trong mt trng ring bit ca cc mu tin c s d liu chn theo mt vng tiu chun. 9- Tm lnh chun mt mu: =DSTDEV(database, field, criteria) hoc =DSTDEV(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Trang 27

Tnh lnh chun ca mt mu cc mu tin c s d liu c chn. 10- Tm lnh chun ton b: =DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria) hoc =DSTDEVP(vng c s d liu, trng, vng tiu chun) Tnh lnh chun ca ton b tp hp cc mu tin c s d liu c chn. Th d minh ho mt c s d liu cho mt vn cy n qu nh. Mi bn ghi cha thng tin v mt loi cy. Vng A5:E11 t tn l Database v vng A1:F3 t tn l Criteria.

A 1 Tree

B Height >10

C Age

D Yield

E Profit

F Height <16

2 Apple 3 Pear 4 5 Tree

Height 18 12 13 14 9 8

Age 20 12 14 15 8 9

Yield 14 10 9 10 8 6

Profit $105.00 $96.00 $105.00 $75.00 $76.00 $45.00

6 Apple 7 Pear 8 Cherry 9 Apple 10 Pear 11 Apple

(Tree: cy, Height: chiu cao, Age:tui, Yield: sn lng, Profit:li, Apple:to, Pear:l, Cherry:o) =DCOUNT(Database,"Age",A1:F2) bng 1. Hm ny tm nhng mu tin c tn trng Tree l Apple vi chiu cao gia 10 n 16. Trong trng Age m xem bao nhiu mu tin loi ny l s (ch tnh vi kiu d liu l s). =DCOUNTA(Database,"Profit",A1:F2) bng 1. Hm ny tm nhng mu tin c tn trng Tree l Apple vi chiu cao gia 10 n 16. Trong trng Profit m xem bao nhiu mu tin loi ny khng tnh cc mu tin rng. =DMAX(Database,"Profit",A1:A3) bng $105.00, li nhun ln nht ca cc cy to v l. =DMIN(Database,"Profit",A1:B2) bng $75.00, li nhun nh nht ca cc cy to v l c chiu trn 10.

=DSUM(Database,"Profit",A1:A2) bng $225.00, tng li nhun t cc cy to. =DSUM(Database,"Profit",A1:F2) bng $75.00, tng li nhun t cc cy to vi chiu cao t 10 n 16. =DPRODUCT(Database,"Yield",A1:F2) bng 140, tch s sn lng ca cc cy to vi chiu cao t 10 n 16.

=DAVERAGE(Database,"Yield",A1:B2) bng 12, the average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in height.

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