nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 44 -

Phn 3:
BI GII V P N
PHN 1
1.1 Monopole l mt anten n cc.
Monopole di L = / 4
Tn s : f = 300MHz
Dng vo anten: I
A
= 1 (A)
Hiu sut: e = 75%.
a) Tr khng vo ca monopole:
Ta c:

dipole
A
monopole
A
Z
I
V
I
V
Z
2
1 2
2
1

Do vy:
( ) + 25 . 21 5 . 36
2
1
2 / 4 /
j Z Z
dipole
A
monopole
A


b) Cng sut bc x:
Ta c:
( ) + 94 , 15 375 , 23 . j R e R
R
R
P
P
e
A R
A
R
A
R

( ) W R I P
R A R
15 , 14 3 , 28 1
2
1
2
1
2

c) li ca anten:
Ta c:
- li ca anten tnh theo cng thc:
( )
( )
( )

,
, 4
, D e
P
U
G
A

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 45 -

- cng bc x l
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2
2
2
, ,
2
1
,

F F r W r U +
- h s nh hng:
( )
( )
a
U
U
D


,
,
1.2 Tn s : f = 30 MHz
Dng vo : I
A
= 0,5(A)
Chiu di anten : L = 0,01
y l anten diople ti khng v hai cun cm t chnh gia mi nhnh anten nn ta c:
0 < <
= 1
Z = L/2
a) in tr bc x:
- Anten c chiu di L = 0,01 diople ngn : K = ( + )/2 =
Ta c:
( )

,
`

.
|

,
`

.
|

,
`

.
|
02 , 0
01 , 0
80
2
1
80
2
2
2 2
2 2

L
K R
R

b) H s nh hng:
Ta c:
( ) ( )

2 2
0 2
2
2
sin
32
, L I
k
K D
Vi:
K =
k = 2 / = 2f /c = 2 30.10
6
/ 3.10
8
= 0,628
= 120
I
0
= 0,5
nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 46 -

( ) , D =

1.3 Tn s anten pht :f=300 Mhz
Hiu sut :e=0.75
Phi hp tr khng
Cng sut phn phi n ti anten thu:

a) sng ti :
xt trong ta decade:-x
xt trong h ta cu:
=

2
, =
vector phn cc lin i n sng ti:
theo:

=
Bc sng =

=
.

= 1( )
H s ghp cng sut:
Theo :q=

Do phi hp tr khng:

= -

q=1
din tch hiu dng:
theo :A(, ,

)=

A(, ,

) =0.75 3/ ( 8 ) =0.09
Mt cng sut trung bnh trong mt phng sng ti:
Theo:

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 47 -

= 1/ 240
T suy ra cng sut thu ca anten
Da vo cng thc:

( , ,

= 1.2. 10

( )





















nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 48 -

PHN 2
2.1 Z
S
= R
S
= 40 ()
Z
A
= R
A
+ jX
A
= 50 + j10 ()
V
S
= 10 (V)
a) Cng sut hp th bi anten:
Ta c:
( ) A j
j Z Z
V
I
S A
S
A
82
1
82
9
10 50 40
10

+ +

+

( ) W R I P
A A A
305 . 0
82
25
2
1 2

b) H s phn x:

41
4
41
5
10 90
10 10
j
j
j
Z Z
Z Z
S A
S A
+
+
+

156 . 0
c) Cng sut ngun:

( )
( ) W
P
q
P
P
A A
S
16
5
156 . 0 1
305 . 0
1
2 2

d) Cho e = 75%,in tr bc x v cng sut bc x:
Ta c:
- Cng sut bc x
( ) W P e P
P
P
e
A R
A
R
328
75
305 . 0 75 . 0
- in tr bc x
R
R
= eR
A
= 0.75 x 50 = 37.5 ( )
e) Cng sut tn hao trn anten:
nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 49 -

( ) W P P P
R A D
076 . 0
328
25
328
75
82
25



2.2 Hm bin : ( ) cos , F
Hiu sut : e = 75%
Dng ng vo : I = 0.5 (A)
a) Vector mt bc x:
( ) [ ]

+ r
r
r F F
r
r W


2
2
2 2
2
cos
240
1
2
1

b) Cng bc x:
( ) ( )

2 2
cos
240
1
, r W r U
c) Tng cng sut bc x:
( ) ( ) W d d d U P
S
R
180
1
sin cos
240
1
,
0
2
0
2

d) in tr tn hao ca anten:

( )
( )

45
2
5 . 0 180
2 2
2 2
A
R
R
I
P
R
e) in tr vo ca anten:
( )
135
8
e
R
R
R
A

f) Cng sut nhn c trn anten:
( ) W R I P
A A A
135
1
2
1 2



2.3
]
]
]

cos sin cos ) ( j

r
e
r E
jkr

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 50 -

a) Trc (+x)
Ta c:

x r

y

z

2

0
( )
( )

,
`

.
|
+

,
`

.
|
+

,
`

.
|
+

,
`

.
|

y e z e
r
y e z e
r
e
y j z
r
e
r E
kr j
kr j
j
j
jkr jkr
2
2
1

Vit trong min thi gian:
( ) ( )
]
]
]

,
`

.
|
+

'

'

y kr t z kr t
r
e E t E
t j
2
cos cos
1
Re

2
2

'

+
+

z y
z
y
kr
kr

phn cc trn cng chiu kim ng h
b) Trc (+y):
Tng t nh trn ta c:


y r

x

z

2

( )

x
y
e
j r E
jky

phn cc tuyn tnh theo trc x
2.4 th bc x ca anten:
E(r)=

[1+cos2]
Ta c: F(, )=1+ cos2
M 0 360

=2
nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 51 -

( , ) =

1+ cos2

( , ) =

(( 1 + 2)

) ch ph thuc vo gc
Xt trong mt phng xoy:=90 =>

( , ) =

=const
Vy th bc x ca anten:




Xt trong mt phng yoz: -90 90 ,ta xt 0 90 ri ly i xng qua trc z:
=0 =>

( , ) =

=90=>

( , ) =1
=45=>

( , ) =

Vy th bc x ca anten:





2.5 Tn s: f = 400 MHz
H s nh hng: ( )
2
sin 5 . 1 , U
Vector phn cc : ( )

, p
Hiu sut anten : e = 80%
a) ( )

z e r E
x j
inc
2
:
Ta c:


nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 52 -

- Mt cng sut sng ti
( )
2
2
/
240
1
2
m W
E
S
inc
inc


- H s tn hao phn cc

z p
inc


z p
r

1
2


r
inc
p p PLF
- li ca anten
( ) ( )
2 2
sin
5
6
sin 5 . 1 8 . 0 , , U e G
Vi :
2

( )
5
6
, G
- Din tch hiu dng
( ) ( )
2
2
2
160
27
1
5
6
4
1
4
3
. ,
4
m PLF G A
e

,
`

.
|

- Cng sut thu
( ) W S p A P
inc
inc
r c
128000
9
, ,

,
`

.
|

b) ( )

y e r E
x j
inc
2

Ta c:

y p
inc


z p
r

0
2


r
inc
p p PLF
anten khng nhn tn hiu.
2.6 Tr khng vo: Z
A
= R
A
+ jX
A
= 75 + j20 ()
nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 53 -

in tr tn hao: R
D
= 2 ()
in tr ni: R
s
= 50 ()
in p : V
S
= 10 (Vrms)
a) V s tng ng ca anten:


b) Cng sut tiu th bi anten:
( ) A j
j Z Z
V
I
S A
S
A
117 . 0 11 . 0
20 125
2 10
+
+

+


( ) ( ) W R I P
A A A
47 . 0 75 117 . 0
2
1
2
1
2
2


c) Cng sut bc x v hiu sut anten:
( ) ( ) W R R I P
D A A R
455 . 0 73 117 . 0
2
1
) (
2
1
2 2

% 97 % 100
A
R
P
P
e
d) Tm iu kin tr khng ni cng sut bc x cc i:
cng sut bc x cc i th phi c s phi hp tr khng tc l Z
A
= Z
S
*
Z
S
= 75 j20
R
D
=
2

V
S
R
R
=
7
3

X
A
=
2
0

R
S
=50
Z
A
nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 54 -

2.7 Mt cng sut bc x: [ ]

0 , /
sin 5
2
2
m w
r
w
a) Cng sut bc x ca anten:
( ) ( ) W d d d U P
S
R
2
0
2
0
2
5 sin 5 ,




b) th nh hng:
D(, )=
( ,)

+ = 0 =>D(, )=0
+ = 45 => D(, )=

+ = 90=> D(, )=

+ = 135=> D(, )=

+ = 180=> D(, )= 0
Xc nh hng bc x cc i: = 90
c) li ca anten:
G(, )=e D(, )=e

e=1 G(, )=

2.8 Cng bc x chun ha:
+

=
=>
+

2.9 th trng:E=

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 55 -

I:dng vo;r:khong cch
in tr bc x ca anten:

?
F(, )=10I
W(r)=

100.

U(, )=

100.

()

2.10 H s nh hng gn ng:
Hp Hp
D

4

l 20
0
l 20
0

H s nh hng gn ng theo dB:
dB D
Hp Hp
20
123 . 0
4
log 10
4
log 10
2

2.11 Trng bc x:
E() = .

C=const
th bc x tuyn tnh theo trc +z
a)tng cng sut bc x ca anten:
ta c :F(, )=C.

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 56 -

cng bc x ca trng xa antenna:
U(, )=

..

..

b)h s hng tnh D(0,):
Ta c:D(, )=
( ,)

m U(, )=

..

=
2

9600

D(0,)= 1.6
c) rng cng sut:HPBW
cng bc x cc i:

( , ) =

240. 16.

( ,)

..

..

cos =

=
HPBW=
d)gc khi ca anten:

( , )

=
2.

. 240. 16.

240. 16.

-2

4/ 5

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 57 -

2.12 Trng in:

,
`

.
|
+

sin cos
4
2
r
e
E
jkr

a) Cng bc x tng qut ca anten:
( ) [ ] ( )



2 4
2
2
sin cos
240
1
2
1
, + + F F U
b) Cng sut bc x ca anten:
( ) ( ) ( ) W d d d U P
S
R
600
7
sin cos
240
sin
,
0
2
0
2 4
+

c) e = 75% , li tng qut anten:
( )
( )
( )
( )

2 4
2
0 0
2 4
2 4
sin cos
3
10
sin cos
240
sin
sin cos
240
1
4
, +
+
+

d d
D
( ) ( ) ( )
2 4
sin cos 5 . 2 , , + U e G
2.13 Tr khng vo: Z
A
= R
A
+ jX
A
= 75 + j20 ()
in tr tn hao: R
D
= 2 ()
li hng cc i: 8dB
Cng sut hp th : 10 (W)
a) Bin dng ng vo:
( ) A
R
P
I R I P
A
A
A A A A
516 . 0
75
10 2 2
2
1 2

b) Cng bc x anten hng bc x cc i:
Ta c:
- li ca anten c nh ngha:
( )
( )
A
P
U
G


, 4
,
- li anten tnh theo dB
( ) ( ) , log 10 , G G
dB

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 58 -

- Cng bc x hng cc i
( )
( )
02 . 5
4
,
,
max

A
P G
U
d) cng sut bc x cc i th phi c s phi hp tr khng gia tr khng ni my pht
vi tr khng ca anten.
Z
S
= 75 j20

2.14 Cng bc x chun ha vng xa ca antenna:

( , ) =

a)h s nh hng cc i ca antenna:D=( , )

vi ( , ) =
( ,)

( ,)

= ( 1

) =

-(cos 0)+

0)=2 -2/3=4/3
( , ) =

/

D=3/2
b) rng cng sut:
Ta c :cc i ca bc x chnh xut hin ti:=/2
Do

HPBW=2/4=/2
rng gia cc gi tr khng u tin:
Do

( 0) = 0
BWFN=
c)

U(, )= 10

nten v truyn sng GVHD: Nguy n Ng Lm

Phn 3: Bi gii v p n - 59 -

10

= 2. 10

( 1

) = 2. 10

= 2. 10

( 2 2/ 3) = 8 . 10

/ 3(w)
e=0.8

= 10
in tr ni ca ngun :

V mch phi hp tr khng

[(

+ ( 0) ]

e=

=
.

d) cng bc x trung bnh ca antenna:

=
.

=
.

e) h s nh hng theo hng cc i(db):
D=

D=1.76(db)
li ( db):G=eD=0.8 1.5 = 1.2 = 0.8( )
f) cng sut bc x v hng tng ng:
EIRP=4.

=410

( )

- ht -