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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 1. CU TRC MY TNH

I. CC KHI NIM C BN. 1. Phn cng (Hardware):


Phn cng l cc thit b vt l ca my tnh.

2. Phn mm (Software):
L cc chng trnh c thit k cha cc m lnh gip phn cng lm vic phc v nhu cu ngi s dng. Phn mm c lu tr trong cc thit b lu tr. Phn mm chia lm 2 loi: o Phn mm h thng (System Softwares): bao gm cc h iu hnh iu khin, qun l phn cng v phn mm ng dng; cc trnh iu khin trnh thit b (driver). o Phn mm ng dng (Application Softwares): l cc phn mm chy trn nn cc h iu hnh gip ngi s dng thao tc vi my tnh.

3. Cc loi my tnh thng dng: 3.1 Mainframe:


L nhng my tnh c cu hnh phn cng ln, tc x l cao c dng trong cc cng vic i hi tnh ton ln nh lm my ch phc v mng Internet, my ch tnh ton phc v d bo thi tit, v tr, qun s

3.2 PC - Personal Computer:


My vi tnh c nhn, tn gi khc my tnh bn (Desktop). y l loi my tnh thng dng nht hin nay.

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3.3 Laptop, DeskNote, Notebook


L nhng my tnh xch tay.

3.4 PDA - Persional Digital Assistant


Thit b h tr k thut s c nhn. Tn gi khc: my tnh cm tay, my tnh b ti (Pocket PC). Ngy nay c rt nhiu in thoi di ng c tnh nng ca mt PDA.

II. CU TRC MY TNH:

S khi my tnh

S tng quan cu trc my tnh

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Cu trc my tnh

1. Thit b nhp (Input Devices)


L nhng thit b nhp d liu vo my tnh nh bn phm, chut, my qut, my scan...

Bn phm

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My scanner

Con chut

Camera

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Microphone

2. Thit b x l (Processing Devies)


L nhng thit b x l d liu bao gm b vi x l, bo mch ch.

Bo mch ch

S khi ca b x l trung tm

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3. Thit b lu tr (Stogare Devices)


L nhng thit b lu tr d liu bao gm b nh trong v b nh ngoi. o B nh trong bao gm b nh ch c ROM, b nh truy xut ngu nhin RAM. o B nh ngoi bao gm cng, a mm, a CD, DVD, cng USB, th nh v cc thit b lu tr khc.

4. Thit b xut (Output Devices)


Thit b xut thng tin di dng hnh nh hoc m thanh cho ngi s dng. Mt s thit b xut in hnh cho h thng my tnh Mn hnh. My in. My chiu. H thng loa.

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BI 2. THNH PHN CA MY TNH

Mt ct cu to my tnh

I. THIT B NI VI 1. V my - Case
Cng dng: Thng my l gi gn cc b phn khc ca my v bo v cc thit b khi b tc ng bi mi trng.

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2. B ngun - Power
Cng dng: l thit b chuyn in xoay chiu thnh in 1 chiu cung cp cho cc b phn phn cng vi nhiu hiu in th khc nhau. B ngun thng i km vi v my.

Cu to v s b ngun

Dy mu cam l chn cp ngun 3,3V Dy mu l chn cp ngun 5V Dy mu vng l chn cp ngun 12V Dy mu xanh da tri l chn cp ngun -12V Dy mu trng l chn cp ngun -5V Dy mu tm l chn cp ngun 5VSB ( y l ngun cp trc ) Dy mu en l Mass Dy mu xanh l cy l chn lnh m ngun chnh PS_ON ( Power Swich On ), khi in p PS_ON = 0V l m , PS_ON > 0V l tt Dy mu xm l chn bo v Mainboard, dy ny bo cho Mainbord bit tnh trng ca ngun tt PWR_OK (Power OK), khi dy ny c in p >3V th Mainboard mi hot ng . Kim tra b ngun kim tra mt b ngun c hot ng hay khng ta lm nh sau Bc 1 : Cp in cho b ngun Bc 2 : u dy PS_ON ( mu xanh l cy ) vo Mass ( u vo mt dy mu en no ). Quan st qut trn b ngun:
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh o Nu qut quay l ngun chy o Nu qut khng quay l ngun b hng . o Trng hp ngun vn chy th h hng thng do Mainboard

3. Bng mch ch (Mainboard, Motherboard)


Mainboard ca my tnh c cc chc nng sau y : o L bn mch chnh lin kt tt c cc linh kin v thit b ngoi vi thnh mt b my vi tnh thng nht . o iu khin tc v ng i ca lung d liu gia cc thit b trn . o iu khin in p cung cp cho cc linh kin gn cht hoc cm ri trn Mainboard Nhn dng: L bng mch to nht gn trong thng my

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S khi Mainboard Pentium 4

3.1 Bn trong mainboard 3.1.1 Chipset


Nhim v ca Chipset : o Kt ni cc thnh phn trn Mainboard v cc thit b ngoi vi li vi nhau o iu khin tc Bus cho ph hp gia cc thit b Nhn dng: L con chp ln Chn trn main v thng c 1 gch vng mt gc, mt trn c ghi tn nh sn xut. Nh sn xut: Intel, SIS, ATA, VIA

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3.1.2 Giao tip vi CPU.


Cng dng: Gip b vi x l gn kt vi mainboard. Nhn dng: o Giao tip vi CPU c 2 dng khe cm (slot) v chn cm (socket). o Dng khe cm l mt rnh di nm khu vc gia mainboard dng cho PII, PIII i c. Hin nay hu nh ngi ta khng s dng dng khe cm. o Dng chn cm (socket) l mt khi hnh vung gm nhiu chn. Hin nay ang s dng socket 370, 478, 775 tng ng vi s chn ca CPU.

3.1.3 AGP Slot


Khe cm card mn hnh AGP vit tt t Array Graphic Adapter. Cng dng: Dng cm card ha. Nhn dng: L khe cm mu nu hoc mu en nm gia socket v khe PCI mu trng sa trn mainboard. Lu : i vi nhng mainboard c card mn hnh tch hp th c th c hoc khng c khe AGP. Khi khe AGP ch c tc nng cp card mn hnh bng card ri nu cn thit thay th card tch hp trn mainboard.

AGP Slot o 1X = 66 MHZ ( Cho my Pentium 2 & Pentium 3 ) o 2X = 66 MHz x 2 = 133 MHz ( Cho my Pentium 3 ) o 4X = 66 MHz x 4 = 266 MHz ( Cho my Pentium 4 ) o 8X = 66 MHz x 8 = 533 MHz ( Cho my Pentium 4 ) o 16X = 66 MHz x 16 = 1066 MHz ( Cho my Pentium 4 )

3.1.4 RAM slot


Cng dng: Dng cm RAM v main. Nhn dng: Khe cm RAM lun c cn gt 2 u.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Lu : o Ty vo loi RAM (SDRAM, DDRAM, RDRAM) m giao din khe cm khc nhau. o Khe cm SDRAM Cho my Pentium 2 v Pentium 3 : SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM) : RAM ng c kh nng ng b, tc RAM ny c kh nng theo kp tc ca h thng . SDRAM c tc Bus t 66MHz n 133MHz

Khe cm SDRam trong my Pentium 2 v Pentium 3 o Khe cm DDRAM Cho my Pentium 4 : DDRAM (Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic RAM) : Chnh l SDRAM c tc d liu nhn 2 . DDRAM c tc Bus t 200MHz n 533MHz

Khe cm DDRAM trong my Pentium 4

3.1.5 PCI Slot


PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect khe cm m rng PCI. y l khe cm m rng thng dng nht c Bus l 33MHz, cho ti hin nay cc khe cm ny vn c s dng rng ri trong cc my Pentium 4. Cng dng: Dng cm cc loi card nh card mng, card m thanh, Nhn dng: khe mu trng s nm pha ra mainboard.

PCI slot

3.1.6 ISA Slot


Khe cm m rng ISA Vit tt Industry Standard Architecture. Cng dng: Dng cm cc loi card m rng nh card mng, card m thanh Nhn dng: Khe mu en di hn PCI nm ra mainboard (nu c). Lu : V tc truyn d liu chm, chim khng gian trong mainboard nn hu ht cc mainboard hin nay khng s dng khe ISA.
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ISA Slot

3.1.7 IDE Header


Vit tt Intergrated Drive Electronics - l u cm 40 chn, c inh trn mainboard cm cc loi cng, CD Mi mainboard thng c 2 IDE trn mainboard: o IDE1: chn cm chnh, cm dy cp ni vi cng chnh o IDE2: chn cm ph, cm dy cp ni vi cng th 2 hoc cc CD, DVD... Lu : Dy cp cm cng dng c cho c CD, DVD v 2 IDE hon ton ging nhau. IDE header

3.1.8 FDD Header


L chn cm dy cm a mm trn mainboard. u cm FDD thng nm gn IDE trn main v c tit din nh hn IDE. Lu : khi cm dy cm mm: u b nh tro cm vo , u khng tro cm vo u FDD trn mainboard.

FDD header

3.1.9 ROM BIOS


L b nh s cp ca my tnh. ROM cha h thng lnh nhp xut c bn (BIOS - Basic Input Output System) kim tra phn cng, np h iu hnh nn cn gi l ROM BIOS.

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3.1.10 PIN CMOS


L vin pin 3V nui nhng thit lp ring ca ngi dng nh ngy gi h thng, mt khu bo v ...

Pin CMOS

3.1.11 Jumper
Jumper l mt ming Plastic nh trong c cht dn in dng cm vo nhng mch h to thnh mch kn trn mainboard thc hin mt nhim v no nh lu mt khu CMOS. Jumper l mt thnh phn khng th thiu thit lp chnh, ph khi gn 2 cng, 2 CD, hoc cng v CD trn mt dy cp.

3.1.12 Power Connector.


Xc nh c cc loi u cm cp ngun trn main: o u ln nht cp dy cp ngun ln nht t b ngun. o i vi main dnh cho PIV tr ln c mt u cp ngun vung 4 dy cm vo main.

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3.1.13 FAN Connector


L chn cm 3 inh c k hiu FAN nm khu vc gia mainboard cung cp ngun cho qut gii nhit ca CPU. Trong trng hp Case c gn qut gii nhit, nu khng tm thy mt chn cm qut no d trn mainboard th ly ngun trc tip t cc u dy ca b ngun.

3.1.14 Dy ni vi Case
Mt trc thng my thng thng chng ta c cc thit b sau: o Nt Power: dng khi ng my. o Nt Reset: khi ng li my trong trng hp cn thit. o n ngun: mu xanh bo my ang hot ng. o n cng: mu bo cng ang truy xut d liu. o Cc thit b ny c ni vi mainboard thng qua cc dy in nh i km Case. Trn mainboard s c nhng chn cm vi cc k hiu gip gn ng dy cho tng thit b.

3.2 Bn ngoi mainboard:

Cc cng Port

3.2.1 PS/2 Port


Cng dng: Cng gn chut v bn phm. Nhn dng: 2 cng trn nm st nhau. Mu xanh m cm dy bn phm, mu xanh nht cho chut.

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3.2.2 USB Port


Cng vn nng - USB vit tt t Universal Serial Bus Cng dng: Dng cm cc thit b ngoi vi nh my in, my qut, webcame ...; cng USB ang thay th vai tr ca cc cng COM, LPT. Nhn dng: cng USB dp v thng c t nht 2 cng nm gn nhau v c k hiu m neo i km. Lu !: i vi mt s thng my (case) c cng USB pha trc, mun dng c cng USB ny phi ni dy ni t Case vo chn cm dnh cho n c k hiu USB trn mainboard.

3.2.3 COM Port


Cng tun t - COM vit tt t Communications. Cng dng: Cm cc loi thit b ngoi vi nh my in, my quyt,... Nhng hin nay rt t thit b dng cng COM. Nhn dng: o L cng c chn cm nh ra, thng c 2 cng COM trn mi mainboard v c k hiu COM1, COM2 o C hai dng : DB25 v DB9

3.2.4 LPT Port


Cng song song, cng ci, cng my in - LPT vit tt t Line Printer Terminal Cng dng: thng dnh ring cho cm my in. Tuy nhin i vi nhng my in th h mi hu ht cm vo cng USB thay v cng COM hay LPT. Nhn dng: L cng di nht trn mainboard. Trn y l 4 loi cng mc nh phi c trn mi mainboard. Cn cc loi cng khc l nhng loi card c tch hp trn main, s lng l ty vo loi main, ty nh sn xut.

4. VGA Card
Card mn hnh - VGA vit tt t Video Graphic Adapter. Cng dng: l thit b giao tip gia mn hnh v mainboard. c trng: Dung lng, biu th kh nng x l hnh nh tnh bng MB (4MB, 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB, 256MB, 512MB, 1.2 GB...)

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Nhn dng: o Card mn hnh ty loi c th c nhiu cng vi nhiu chc nng, nhng bt k card mn hnh no cng c mt cng mu xanh c trng nh hnh trn cm dy d liu ca mn hnh. o Dng card ri: cm khe AGP, hoc PCI o Dng tch hp trn mch (onboard) Lu !: Nu mainboard c VGA onboard th c th c hoc khng khe AGP. Nu c khe AGP th c th nng cp card mn hnh bng khe AGP khi cn.

5. HDD
a cng HDD vit tt t Hard Disk Drive Cu to: gm nhiu a trn xp chng ln nhau vi mt motor quay gia v mt u c quay quanh cc l a c v ghi d liu. Cng dng: a cng l b nh ngoi quan trng nht ca my tnh. N c nhim v lu tr h iu hnh, cc phn mm ng dng v cc d liu ca ngi s dng. c trng: Dung lng nh tnh bng MB, v tc quay tnh bng s vng trn mt pht - rounds per minute (rpm) S dng: HDD ni vo cng IDE1, SATA trn mainboard bng cp, v mt dy ngun 4 chn t b ngun vo pha sau . Lu : o Dy cp d liu ca HDD cng c th dng cm cho cc CD, DVD. o Trn mt IDE c th gn c nhiu cng, CD ty vo s u ca dy cp d liu. o Dy cp d liu ca cng khc cp d liu ca mm.

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Cu to a cng

6. RAM
B nh truy xut ngu nhin - RAM vit tt t Random Access Memory. Cng dng: Lu tr nhng ch lnh ca CPU, nhng ng dng ang hot ng, nhng d liu m CPU cn ... c trng: o Dung lng tnh bng MB. o Tc truyn d liu (BUS) tnh bng Mhz. Phn loi: o Giao din SIMM - Single Inline Memory Module. o Giao din DIMM - Double Inline Memory Module.

6.1 Giao din SIMM


Giao din SIMM l nhng loi RAM dng cho nhng mainboard v CPU i c. Hin nay loi Ram giao din SIMM ny khng cn s dng.

6.2 Giao din DIMM


L loi RAM hin nay ang s dng vi cc loi RAM sau:

6.2.1 SDRAM
Nhn dng: SDRAM c 168 chn, 2 khe ct phn chn cm. Tc (Bus): 100Mhz, 133Mhz. Dung lng: 32MB, 64MB, 128MB... Lu !: SDRAM s dng tng thch vi cc mainboard socket 370 (Mainboard socket 370 s dng CPU PII, Celeron, PIII).

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6.2.2 DDRAM
Nhn dng: SDRAM c 184 chn, ch c 1 khe ct gia phn chn cm. Tc (Bus): 266 Mhz, 333Mhz, 400Mhz Dung lng: 128MB, 256MB, 512MB... Lu !: DDRAM s dng tng thch vi cc mainboard socket 478, 775 ( s dng cng vi cc loi CPU Celeron Socket 478, P IV)

6.2.3 DDRAM2
Vit tt l DDR2 - l th h tip theo ca DDRAM Nhn dng: Tc gp i DDRAM, cng c 1 khe ct ging DDRAM nhng DDR2 ct v tr khc nn khng dng chung c khe DDRAM trn mainboard. Tc (Bus): >400 Mhz Dung lng: 256MB, 512MB

6.2.4 RDRAM
Nhn dng: C 184 chn, c 2 khe ct gn nhau phn chn cm. Bn ngoi RDRAM c bc tn gii nhit v n hot ng rt mnh. Tc (Bus): 800Mhz. Dung lng: 512MB Lu !: RDRAM s dng tng thch vi mainboard socket 478, 775 (cc main s dng PIV, Pentium D)

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Bng chn la RAM


Chng loi v tc Ram SDRam 66MHz SDRam 100MHz SDRam 133MHz DDR 200MHz DDR 266MHz DDR 333MHz DDR 400MHz DDR2 533MHz DDR2 667MHz DDR2 800MHz Loi Bus CPU tng thch 66MHz 100MHz 133MHz 400MHz 400MHz 533MHz 533MHz 667MHz 667MHz 800MHz 800MHz 1066MHz 1066MHz 1334MHz 1334MHz 1600MHz Loi Mainboard tng thch Thit lp FSB = 66MHz Thit lp FSB = 100MHz Thit lp FSB = 133MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR = 200MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR = 266MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR = 333MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR = 400MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR2 = 533MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR2 = 667MHz Mainboard c h tr DDR2 = 800MHz i my Pentium 2 Pentium 2 Pentium 3 Pentium 3 Pentium 4 Pentium 4 Pentium 4 Pentium 4 Pentium 4 ( New) Pentium 4 ( New) Pentium 4 ( New)

7. CPU
B vi x l, n v x l trung tm - CPU vit tt t Center Processor Unit. c trng: o Tc ng h (tc x l) tnh bng MHz, GHz o Tc truyn d liu vi mainboard Bus: Mhz o B m - L2 Cache. Nh sn xut: Hin nay trn th gi c 2 hng sn xut CPU ln nht l AMD v Intel. Ring th trng VN ch yu s dng CPU Intel. Phn loi: o Dng khe cm (Slot) Slot1: dng cho nhng CPU PII, PIII c 242 chn dng khe cm ca hng Intel. Slot A Athlon: dng cho nhng CPU 242 chn dng khe cm ca hng AMD.

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Intel Pentium 3 v 4 o Dng chn cm (Socket) Socket 370: Pentium II, Celeron, Pentitum III Socket 478: Celeron, Pentium IV Socket 775: Pentium D. Lu !: Socket i km vi 1 s l s chn ca CPU v phi xc nh mainboard c socket bao nhiu dng ng loi CPU tng ng.

Tm tt: o Thit b ni vi l nhng thit b khng th thiu trong cu hnh ca mt my tnh. o Phi m bo s tng thch ca cc thit b khi lp rp.

II. THIT B NGOI VI: 1. Monitor - mn hnh


Cng dng: L thit b hin th thng tin ca my tnh gip ngi s dng giao tip vi my. c trng: rng tnh bng Inch. Phn loi: Mn hnh ng phng in t CRT (li, phng), mn hnh tinh th lng LCD, mn hnh Plasma.

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2. Keyboard - Bn phm
Cng dng: Bn phm l thit b nhp. Ngoi nhng chc nng c bn, c th tm thy nhng loi bn phm c nhiu chc nng m rng nghe nhc, truy cp internet, hoc chi game. Phn loi: o Bn phm cm cng PS/2. o Bn phm cm cng USB o Bn phm khng dy

3. Mouse - chut.
Cng dng: Chut cng l mt thit b nhp, c bit hu ch i vi cc ng dng ha. Phn loi: o Chut c: dng bi ln xc nh v tr. o Chut quang: dng phn ng nh sng (khng c bi ln) S dng: Ty loi chut c th cm cng PS/2, cng USB, hoc khng dy.

4. FDD
a mm - FDD vit tt t Floopy Disk Drive S dng: mm lp t bn trong thng my. u cp b nh tro gn vo , u thng gn vo u cm FDD trn main. Lu !: Cp mm nh hn cp cng, cp mm b nh tro mt u, u ny gn vo mm.

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5. CD, CD-RW, DVD, Combo-DVD


Cng dng: L nhng loi c ghi d liu t CD, VCD, DVD. V dng tia lazer c v ghi d liu nn cc loi ny cn gi l quang hc. c trng: Tc c ghi d liu (24X, 32X, 48X, 52X) Phn loi: o CD-ROM: ch c a CD, VCD. o CD-RW: c v ghi a CD, VCD. o DVD-ROM: ch c tt c cc loi a CD, VCD, DVD. o Combo-DVD: c c tt c cc loi a, ghi a CD, VCD.

Cu to a CD

6. NIC
Card mng - NIC vit tt t Network Interface Card Cng dng: Dng ni mng ni b. Nhn dng: C 1 u cm ln hn u cm dy in thoi, thng c 2 n tn hiu i km. Phn loi: o NIC tch hp trn mch - onboard o NIC dng card ri cm khe PCI.

7. Sound Card
Cng dng: Card m thanh l thit b xut v nhp d liu audio ca my tnh. c trng: Kh nng x l Mhz. Nhn dng: l thit b c t nht 3 chn cm trn nm lin tip nhau. Phn loi: o Card tch hp trn mch - Sound onboard. o Card ri - gn khe PCI

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh S dng: Da vo cc k hiu bng ch hoc bng mu trn sound card chng ta cm cc thit b nh sau: o Line Out (xanh nht): cm dy audio ca loa hoc tai nghe. o Line In (xanh m): cm dy d liu audio vo t cc thit b cn a m thanh vo my nh n in t ... o Mic (mu ): cm dy ca micro. o Game (cng ln nht): cm cn chi

8. Modem
Cng dng: Chuyn i qua li gia tn hiu in thoi v tn hiu my tnh gip my tnh ni vi mng Internet thng qua dy in thoi. c trng: Tc truyn d liu Kbps, Mbps... Nhn dng: C u cm dy in thoi. Phn loi: o Onboard: thng c trn my xch tay. o External: gn ngoi. o Internet: gn trong, cm vo khe PCI trn main. Lu : i vi modem gn trong d nhm vi card mng, card mng c u cm to hn cm dy cp mng v c n tn hiu i km.

9. USB Hard Disk


Cng dng: cng USB dng lu tr d liu vi dung lng ln . cng USB cn dng nghe nhc MP3, xem phim MP4. c trng: Dung lng nh MB, GB v lun cm vo cng USB trn mainboard. S dng: o m bo an ton d liu v ko di tui th ca a cng USB phi thc hin thao tc rt a an ton ra khi h thng o Khi khng dng a na th kch chut phi trn biu tng c trng ca a di khay h thng, chn Safe to remove (i vi Windows XP tr ln) hoc Unplug or Eject hardware (i vi Windows 200 tr xung). o Chn tn a trong danh sch.

o Chn nt Stop.

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10. USB TV
Cng dng: Thit b thu sng truyn hnh vo my tnh. S dng: Cm USB TV vo cng USB trn mainboard v ci cc phn mm i km theo hng dn ca nh sn xut. Lu !: Khi s dng USB TV my cn phi c card mn hnh dung lng ln m bo cht lng hnh nh.

11. Printer
Cng dng: Dng in n ti liu t my tnh. c trng: phn gii dpi (*), tc in (s trang trn 1 pht), b nh (MB) Phn loi: In kim, in phun, Lazer

12. Scanner
Cng dng: My qut nhp d liu hnh nh, ch vit, m vch, m t vo my tnh. c trng: phn gii - dpi (*) Phn loi: o My qut nh: dng quyt hnh nh, film ca nh chp, ch vit... o My qut m vch: dng qut m vch dng trong siu th c gi tin ca hng ha, trong th vin c m s SV t th SV... o My qut t: c th t, ng dng trong h thng ca thng minh, h thng chm cng nhn vin... (*) dpi vit tt t dots per inch - s im nh trn mi inch vung. S lng im nh cng nhiu th phn gii cng ln v hnh nh cng r nt, cht lng. dpi l gi tr xc nh phn gii ca cc thit b x l hnh nh nh mn hnh, my in, my quyt, my nh k thut s, webcam ...

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13. Projector
Cng dng: n chiu thit b hin th hnh nh vi mn hnh rng thay th mn hnh phc v hi tho, hc tp... c trng: phn gii. S dng: cm dy d liu vo cng VGA thay th dy d liu ca mn hnh.

14. Memory card


Cng dng: th nh l thit b lu tr di ng, l b nh c kh nng tng thch vi nhiu thit b khc nhau nh my nh k thut s, my in thoi di ng... c trng: Dung lng MB, GB. S dng: i vi my tnh khng c khe cm th nh nn phi s dng mt u c th nh gn vo cng USB nh hnh bn.

15. Speaker.
Cng dng: loa pht m. c trng: cng sut W S dng: cm dy audio ca loa vi u c k hiu Line Out (mu xanh nht) trn card m thanh.

16. Microheadphone.
Cng dng: Microheadphone c 2 chc nng xut v nhp d liu audio. S dng: Mi Microheadphone c 2 u dy, cm dy c k hiu tai nghe vo chn cm Line Out (mu xanh nht), dy c k hiu Micro vo chn cm Mic (mu , hoc hng trn card m thanh.

17. Joystick
Cng dng: Dng chi game trn my tnh vi nhiu chc nng c bit thay th chut, bn phm. S dng: Cm dy cp ca Joystick

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

18. Webcam
Cng dng: thit b thu hnh vo my tnh, Webcam s dng trong vic gii tr, bo v an ninh, hi tho t xa, khm bnh t xa ... c trng: phn gii dpi S dng: ni dy d liu vo cng USB pha sau mainboard. Ci cc phn mm h tr i km.

19. UPS
B lu in - UPS vit tt t Uninterruptible Power Supply Cng dng: n p dng in v cung cp in cho my trong mt khong thi gian ngn (5-10 pht) trong trng hp c s c mt in gip ngi s dng lu ti liu, tt my an ton. c trng: Cng sut KW S dng: Cm dy ngun ca UPS vo ngun in, cm ngun ca case, mn hnh, my in vo UPS.

20. USB Bluetooth.


Cng dng: l thit b giao tip vi my tnh vi cc thit b khc nh in thoi di ng dng cng ngh truyn d liu khng dy bluetooth. S dng: Cm USB Bluetooth vo cng USB.

III. C IM CC TH H MAINBOARD 1. Mainboard ca my Pentium 2


c im : CPU gn vo Mainboard theo kiu khe Slot H tr tc CPU t 233MHz n 450MHz H tr Bus ca CPU ( FSB ) l 66MHz v 100MHz Trn Mainboard c cc Jumper thit lp tc . S dng SDRam c Bus 66MHz hoc 100MHz S dng Card Video AGP 1X

2. Mainboard my Pentium 3 c im : CPU gn vo Mainboard theo kiu cm Socket 370 H tr tc CPU t 500MHz n 1,4GHz H tr Bus ca CPU ( FSB ) l 100MHz v 133MHz Trn Mainboard c cc Jumper thit lp tc , cc i v sau khng c . S dng SDRam c Bus 100MHz hoc 133MHz S dng Card Video AGP 2X 27

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh 3. Mainboard my Pentium 4 soket 423 c im : CPU gn vo Mainboard theo kiu cm Socket 423 H tr tc CPU t 1,5GHz n 2,5GHz S dng Card Video AGP 4X

4. Mainboard my Pentium 4 soket 478 c im : CPU gn vo Mainboard theo kiu cm Socket 478 H tr tc CPU t 1,5GHz n trn 3GHz Tc Bus ca CPU ( FSB ) t 400MHz tr ln S dng Card Video AGP 4X, 8X S dng b nh DDRam c tc Bus Ram t 266MHz tr ln

5. Mainboard my Pentium 4 socket 775 c im : CPU gn vo Mainboard theo kiu cm Socket 775 H tr tc CPU t 2GHz n trn 3,8GHz Tc Bus ca CPU ( FSB ) t 533MHz tr ln S dng Card Video AGP 16X hoc Card Video PCI Express 16X S dng b nh DDRam c tc Bus t 400MHz tr ln

6. Mainboard Socket 939 cho CPU hng AMD c im : S dng CPU ca hng AMD gn vo Mainboard theo kiu cm Socket 939 H tr tc CPU t 2GHz n trn 4GHz Tc Bus ca CPU ( FSB ) t 533MHz tr ln S dng b nh DDRam c tc Bus t 400MHz tr ln

7. Mainboard Socket 775 h tr Chip Intel Core 2 Duo Processor v Dual DDR2 .

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Mainboard h tr Dual DDR RAM y l cng ngh cho php nhn i tc RAM khi ta lp t RAM theo mt quy tc nht nh . Cc Mainboard h tr Dual DDR c hai cp khe cm nh hnh di, mi cp c 2 mu khc nhau v hai cp tng ng vi nhau Nu cm 2 thanh DDR RAM trn hai khe cng mu hai cp khc nhau th tc Ram Bus s c nhn i . V d : o Cm 2 thanh DDR c BUS 400MHz trn hai khe mu vng hoc hai khe mu th tc BUS s c nhn 2 tc l tng ng vi BUS 800MHz ( Dung lng MB vn bng tng hai thanh cng li ) o Nu cm 2 thanh trn hai khe c mu khc nhau th tc BUS ca DDR RAM khng thay i . Mainboard mi c 2 ROM BIOS Khi BIOS b li phn mm th s lm cho Mainboard t lit khng hot ng c v ton b cc lnh c s phc v cho qu trnh khi ng my u nm trong IC ny, gim thiu s ri do cho khch hng v nng cao cht lng cng nh bn, trong cc Mainboard mi y c thm mt ROM BIOS d tr, khi ROM BIOS chnh b li th n t ng chuyn quyn iu khin cho BIOS d phng hot ng . H tr 2 khe AGP Vi cng ngh ny c th cho php ngi s dng c th chy 2 ng dng ng thi trn cng mt my tnh v a ra hai mn hnh khc nhau .
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Mi khe AGP s gn mt Card Video AGP v chy mt ng dng c lp hai ng dng chy trn cng mt h iu hnh

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 3. LP RP V BO TR MY TNH

I. CHUN B.
Chun b y cc linh kin y . Chun b cc dng c nh vng tay tnh in, trc vt, kim.

II. CC BC LP RP:
Nguyn l: Lp nhng thit b n gin trc, lp t trong ra ngoi.

1. Gn CPU vo mainboard:
D cn gt ca socket trong mainboard ln cao. Nhn vo pha chn cm ca CPU xc nh c v tr lm trng vi socket. t CPU vo gi ca socket, khi CPU lt hn v p st vi socket th y cn gt xung.

2. Gn qut gii nhit cho CPU:


a qut vo v tr gi qut bao quanh socket trn main. Chn u tay qut lt xung gi Gt 2 cn gt pha trn qut c nh qut vi gi . Cm dy ngun cho qut vo chn cm 3 c k hiu FAN trn main.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

3. Gn RAM vo main:
Phi xc nh khe RAM trn main l dng loi RAM no v phi m bo tnh tng thch, nu khng s lm gy RAM. M hai cn gt khe RAM ra 2 pha, a thanh RAM vo khe, nhn u tay n khi 2 cn gt t mp vo v gi ly thanh RAM. Lu : Khi mun m ra th ly tay y 2 cn gt ra 2 pha, RAM s bt ln.

4. Chun b lp main vo thng my.


i vi mi mainboard c s cng v v tr cc cng pha sau khc nhau nn phi g np pha sau ca thng my ti v tr m mainboard a cc cng pha sau ra ngoi thay th bng ming st c khot cc v tr ph hp vi mainboard. Gn cc vt l im ta gn mainboard vo thng my, nhng chn vt ny bng nha v i km vi hp cha mainboard.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

5. Gn mainboard v thng my.


a nh nhng main vo bn trong thng my. t ng v tr v vt vt c nh mainboard vi thng my. Cm dy ngun ln nht t b ngun vo mainboard, i vi mt s main cn phi cm u dy ngun 4 dy vung vo main cp cho CPU.

6. Lp cng:
Chn mt v tr t cng thch hp nht trn cc gi c sn ca case, vt vt 2 bn c nh cng vi Case. Ni dy d liu ca cng vi u cm IDE1 trn mainboard. Ni dy ngun u dp 4 dy (u ln) vo cng vi mt c gn xung di. Lu !: o Trong trng hp ni 2 cng trn cng mt dy d liu, cn phi xc lp chnh, ph bng Jumper. o Trn mt a c quy nh cch cm Jumper xc lp chnh, ph: Master - chnh, Slave ph.

o Nu a khng c quy nh th v tr jump


gn dy d liu l xc lp cng ny l chnh, cm jumper v v tr th 2 tnh t dy d liu l xc lp ny l ph.

7. Lp t a mm.
a mm vo ng v tr ca n trn thng my. Th nt Chn y a mm mt trc ca thng my c y c a khng. Vn vt c nh mm vi Case. Ni dy d liu ca mm: u b nh tro gn vo , u khng tro gn vo u cm FDD trn mainboard. Ni dy ngun u dp 4 dy (u nh) vo

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

8. Lp CD-ROM
M np nha pha trn ca mt trc Case. y nh CD t ngoi vo, vn t 2 bn c nh vi Case. Ni dy cp d liu vi IDE2 trn main. C th dng chung dy vi cng nhng phi thit lp cng l Master, CD l Slave bng jumper trn c 2 ny. Trong trng hp dng 2 CD, cng phi xc lp jump trn c 2 gip HH nhn dng chnh, ph.

9. Gn cc card m rng.
Hin nay hu ht cc loi card m rng u gn vo khe PCI trn main. Trc tin, cn xc nh v tr gn card, sau dng kim b thanh st ti v tr m card s a cc u cm ca mnh ra bn ngoi thng my. t card ng v tr, chn mnh u tay, v vn vt c nh card vi mainboard. Lu ! Cch ny cng thc hin cho card mn hnh gn khe AGP.

10. Gn dy cng tc ca Case.


Xc nh ng k hiu, ng v tr gn cc dy cng tc ngun, cng tc khi ng li, n bo ngun, n bo cng. Nhn k nhng k hin trn hng chn cm dy ngun, cm tng dy mt v phi chc chn cm ng k hiu. Nu khng my s khng khi ng c v n tn hiu pha trc khng bo ng.

Cc k hiu trn main:


MSG, hoc PW LED, hoc POWER LED ni vi dy POWER LED - dy tn hiu ca n ngun mu xanh ca Case. HD, hoc HDD LED ni vi dy HDD LED - dy tn hiu ca n bo cng ang truy xut d liu.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh PW, hoc PW SW, hoc POWER SW, hoc POWER ON ni vi dy POWER SW dy cng tc ngun trn Case. RES, hoc RES SW, hoc RESET SW ni vi dy RESET - dy cng tc khi ng li trn Case. SPEAKER - ni vi dy SPEAKER - dy tn hiu ca loa trn thng my.

11. Ni dy cho cng USB ca thng my.


i vi mt s thng my c cng USB mt trc to s tin li cho ngi s dng. cng USB ny hot ng phi gn dy ni t thng my vi mainboard thng qua u cm bn trong mainboard c k hiu USB.

12. Kim tra ln cui


Kim tra ln cui cc thit b gn vo thng my gn ng v tr, dy d liu v ngun cha. Buc c nh nhng dy cp cho khng gian bn trong thng my thong mt to iu kin cho qut CPU gii nhit tt gip my hot ng hiu qu hn. Trnh trng hp cc dy ngun, cp d liu va vo qut lm hng qut trong qu trnh hot ng v c th gy chy CPU do khng gii nhit c. ng np 2 bn lng thng my v vn vt c nh.

III. U NI CC THIT B NGOI VI


y l bc kt ni cc dy cp ca cc thit b bn ngoi vi cc cng pha sau mainboard. Cm dy ngun vo b ngun Cm dy d liu ca mn hnh vo card mn hnh (VGA Card) - cng mu xanh. Cm bn phm vo cng PS/2 mu xanh m hoc USB ty loi bn phm. Cm chut vo cng PS/2 mu xanh m hoc USB ty loi chut.

IV. KHI NG V KIM TRA.


Nhn nt Power khi ng v kim tra Nu khi khi ng my pht 1 ting bip chng t phn cng lp vo hot ng c.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Nu c nhiu ting bp lin tc th kim tra tt c cc thit b gn vo ng v tr, cha.

V. BO TR PHN CNG.
m bo my ca lun hot ng tt th cn phi duy tr thao tc bo tr, bo dng nh k. Tho g cc thit b theo trnh t ngc li vi trnh t lp rp trn. Lau chi cc thit b bng bn chi, c, khn ... m bo cc thit b khng b bi bm nhiu lm gim kh nng gii nhit gy chy thit b. Chi sch cc khe cm RAM, PCI, AGP ... tng kh nng tip xc vi cc thit b.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 4. THIT LP CMOS

I. CMOS
CMOS vit tt t Complementary Metaloxide Semiconductor - cht bn dn oxit metal b sung, mt cng ngh tn t nng lng. CMOS l cht lm nn ROM trn mainboard, ROM cha BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) h thng cc lnh nhp xut c bn kim tra phn cng, np h iu hnh khi ng my. Mt s thng tin lu trong CMOS c th thit lp theo ngi s dng, nhng thit lp ny c lu gi nh pin CMOS, nu ht pin s tr v nhng thit lp mc nh.

II. THIT LP CMOS


vo mn hnh thit lp thng tin trong CMOS ty theo dng my chng ta c cc cch sau: i vi cc mainboard thng thng hin nay dng phm DELETE. Trn mn hnh khi ng s c dng ch hng dn Press DEL to enter Setup. i vi dng my Compaq, HP dng phm F10. Trn mn hnh khi ng s c dng ch hng dn F10 = Setup. i vi dng my DEL dng phm F2. Trn mn hnh khi ng s c dng ch hng dn F2: Setup. Ty tng loi mainboard cch b tr mn hnh thit lp CMOS khc nhau, cc chc nng vi tn gi cng khc nhau. Cc thng tin cn thit lp trong CMOS bao gm: Ngy gi h thng. Thng tin v cc a Danh sch v th t a gip tm h iu hnh khi ng my. Thit lp cho cc thit b ngoi vi. Ci t mt khu bo v.

1. Quan st mn hnh khi ng my tnh


Bt ngun cho my Chng trnh POST trong ROM s tin hnh kim tra i vi tt c cc thnh phn khc nhau ca phn cng trong h thng chc chn rng mi th vn ang hot ng tt. Nu POST tm thy bt k mt li no trong qu trnh kim tra, n s thng bo ra mn hnh hoc pht nhng ting beep. Chn phm pause dng qu trnh POST.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn phm bt k sau Chn nhanh phm pause, mn hnh lit k danh mc cc phn cng sn sng lm vic. Nhn din v quan st cc card m rng, port serial, parallel

2. nh cu hnh cho CMOS RAM


Chn phm del vo mn hnh BIOS setup Cc thnh phn ca ca s BIOS setup

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Khai bo nhng thng tin cu hnh c bn Chn mc main

System time: t chnh xc gi h thng System date: t chnh xc ngy h thng Diskette a, b: khai bo nh hnh Primary, secondary IDE: hin th cc a cng c nhn dng. Cc thng s ca a nn t ch auto

T menu main, chn IDE configuration. Thit lp ch hat ng ca a IDE ph thuc vo h iu hnh ci t t compatible mode nu my ci cc h iu hnh dos, win 9x, me t enhanced mode nu my ci Windows 2000, XP Enhanced mode support on: chn s-sata, h iu hnh s c ci trn a sata, ch chn parallel sata nu my khng c sata.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

System information: hin th mt s thng tin v cu hnh h thng

Khai bo cu hnh nng cao

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn USB configuration cu hnh cc thng s cho cng USB

CPU configuration: hin th nhng thng tin c pht hin bi BIOS

Chipset: cu hnh tn s hat ng ca RAM, CPU, dung lng RAM c dng cho VGA onboard.

Onboard device configuration: cu hnh cc thit b onboard, cng kt ni. Cu hnh sai hoc disabled mt thit b no th n s khng th lm vic.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

PCI PnP: thit t cc thng s IRQ, DMA cho cc slot PCI

Power cu hnh ngun Suspend mode: thit lp ch ACPI a h thng my vo ch ch.

APM configuration: Thit lp ch tit kim in nng cho harddisk, monitor

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Thit lp ch khi ng my t: mouse, keyboard, card nh gi t khi ng my Hardware monitor: hin th nhit CPU v h thng, s vng quay ca qut, in p hot ng.

BOOT - thit lp ch khi ng

BOOT device priority: thay i th t u tin tm kin a khi ng. HDD, CDROM, floppy BOOT setting configuration: thip lp mt s trng thi khi ng ban u ca h thng Quick BOOT: cho php POST kim tra nhanh hay chm. Ch thy c thng tin y ca qua trnh POST hay chon mc ny l disable. Full screen logo: bt/ tt logo trong khi POST Security. Thit lp mt khu cho h thng v BIOS setup

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Password check: Setup: yu cu mt khu khi vo chng trnh BIOS setup Always: lun yu cu password khi m my

Exit. Chn load setup defaults np li cc thng s mt nh ca nh sn xut. Nn thng xuyn s dng mc ny trc khi i vo nhng thay i chi tit. Chn exit& save changes lu li nhng thay i.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 5. A CNG V PHN VNG

I. KHI NIM V PHN VNG (PARTITION)


d s dng chng ta thng phi chia cng vt l thnh nhiu logic, mi logic gi l mt phn vng a cng - partition. S lng v dung lng ca cc phn vng ty v dung lng v nhu cu s dng. Theo quy c mi a, v phn vng a trn my c gn vi mt tn t A n Z. Trong : A: dnh cho mm B: dnh cho loi mm ln - hin nay khng cn s dng nn B: thng khng dng trong My Computer. Cn li C:, D: thng dng t cc phn vng cng Cc k t tip theo t tn cho cc phn vng cng, CD, cng USB ty vo s phn vng ca cng, s cc loi a gn thm vo my.

II. KHI NIM V FAT (FILE ALLOCATION TBALE):


Thng thng d liu trn cng c lu khng tp trung nhng ni khc nhau, v vy mi phn vng a phi c mt bng phn hoch lu tr v tr ca cc d liu c lu trn phn vng , bng ny gi l FAT. Microsoft pht trin vi nhiu phin bn FAT, FAT16, FAT32, NTFS dnh cho h iu hnh Windows, cc h iu hnh khc c th dng cc bng FAT ring bit. Ring bng NTFS dng cho Windows 2000 tr ln, nn trong MS-Dos s khng nhn ra phn vng c nh dng NTFS, khi cn phi c phn mm h tr MS-Dos nhn din c cc phn vng ny.

III. PHN VNG V NH DNG CNG:


Chng ta c th phn vng cng bng nhiu cng c: bng lnh FDISK ca Ms- Dos, bng phn mm Partition Magic, cc a ci t Windows. Trong Partition Magic l mt phn mm gip phn vng cng nhanh chng, d s dng. Sau y l cc thao tc c bn phn vng cng vi Partition Magic. Quy trnh phn vng mt cng bao gm cc bc c bn: Khi ng cng c phn vng cng To mi cc phn vng vi dung lng v s lng ty thuc vo nhu cu s dng. nh dng cc phn vng.

1. T chc phn khu a bng FDISK


Khi ng my tnh t a hirent boot Khi ng vo DOS Nhp lnh fdisk, chn Yes cho php cc phn khu a ln hn 2GB.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Ca s chnh chng trnh FDISK. 1. To DOS partition hay Logical DOS Drive. 2. Active partition. 3. Xa DOS partition hay Logical DOS Drive. 4. Xem thng tin cc phn khu.

Xa phn khu trn a. xa cc phn khu phi tin hnh tun t: Xa Non-DOS partition Xa Logical DOS Drive Xa Extended DOS partition

Xa Primary DOS partition Nhp k t a cn xa. Chn 4 xem li cc a.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

To cc phn khu a. Tin hnh phn khu a tin hnh theo th t To Primary DOS partition To Extended DOSpartition To Logical DOS Drive

To cc phn khu a. Chn 1 create DOS partition or Logical DOS drive to cc phn khu a.

To primary DOS partition. Chn 1 create primary DOS partition to phn khu. Chn N

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Nhp dung lng: theo dung lng cn to theo MB hay tnh theo phn trm(%) a.

Partition c to.

To Extended DOS partition Chn ESC quay li ca s trc

Chn 2 to Extended DOS partition Nhp vo dung lng cho vng m rng Enter tip tc

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh To Logical DOS drive. Chn 3 to Logical DOS drive. Nhp vo dung lng cho tng vng logic. Set active partition.

Chn a C lm a khi ng

2. nh dng cc phn khu a.


Ti du nhc lnh nhp lnh: Format c:/s DOS hin th thng bo: Warning! All data on non-removable disk drive C: will be lost ! Proceed with format (Y/N) ? Nu nhp vo Y, qu trnh nh dng bt u. Kt thc mn hnh xut hin thng bo: Format complete System transferred Volume label (11 characters, ENTER for none) ? t tn cho a (ti a 11 k t)

3. Autoexec.bat v config.sys
Boot my li t cng, du nhc C:> xut hin.Tuy nhin my khng th truy xut c a CDROM. Trong mt s trng hp mun my BOOT t DOS trn C v c kh nng nhn dng a CDROM, ta phi thc hin cc thao tc sau: Chp cc file sau vo a C: Himem.sys
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akCDROM.sys

MsCDex.exe Edit.com 49

Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Nu trn a hirent khng c, ta c th chp t my khc vo USB. Tuy nhin DOS h tr USB ta phi BOOT my theo ng dn sau: Khi ng DOS chn USB support. Chn Load USB drivers with EMM386

Mn hnh sau xut hin, chn no

Mn hnh sau xut hin, chn Yes

Mn hnh la chn driver cho USB xut hin, chn 1

Chn EHCI USB 2.0, ehci USB 1.1. Chn OK. Qu trnh nhn dng USB c thc hin v c nhn dng thng l S. Ch : Phi gn a USB trc khi np driver.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Sau khi chp xong cc file, tin hnh san tho file autoexec.bat v config.sys .Ti du nhc, nhp lnh: Edit config.sys Nhp ni dung sau: Device=himem.sys Files=40 Buffers=30 Dos=high Device=oakCDROM.sys /d:msCD001 Lu v thot v DOS Ti du nhc, nhp lnh: Edit autoexec.bat Nhp ni dung sau: MsCDex /d:msCD001 Lu v thot v Dos Khi ng li my t a C Quan st k t gn cho a CDROM. t a CDROM v th truy cp

4. T chc phn khu a bng Partition Magic


Tin ch phn vng a tt nht hin nay. Partition magic l chng trnh phn vng a khng mt d liu, khng d sinh li nh cc chng trnh khc. Partition magic c pht trin bi Symatec. Boot my tnh t a Hirent Chn Disk Partition Tools

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn partition magic pro 8.05

Mn hnh partition magic hin th

Nu Chn nt phi mouse ln 1 mc trong bnng lit k th ta s thy 1 menu nh sau: Thay i kch thc/Di chuyn To Partition Xa Partition Nhn cho Partition Dnh dng Partition Copy Partition M rng Kim tra li Thng tin Chuyn i Nng cao

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Xo partition Chn 1 partition trong bng lit k, vo menu operations ri chn delete... Hoc right click ln 1 partition trong bng lit k ri chn delete... Hp thoi delete s xut hin.

Nhp ch OK vo type OK to confirm parititon deletion (bt buc), v Chn OK hon tt thao tc. To partition C th thc hin thao tc ny bng cch: Chn phn a cng cn trng trong bng lit k. Vo menu operations ri chn create... Hoc click phi mouse ln phn a cng cn trng trong bng lit k ri chn create... Trn popup menu. Sau khi chn thao tc create. Mt hp thoi s xut hin

Create as : chn partition mi s l primary partion hay l logical partition. Partition type: chn kiu h thng file (FAT, FAT32...) Cho partition s c to. Partition mi s c t ng format vi kiu h thng file m chn. Nu chn l unformatted th ch c partition mi c to m khng c format. Label : t "tn" cho partition mi bng cch nhp tn vo . Size: chn kch thc cho partition mi.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Position: nu chn beginning of freespace th partition to ra s nm trc phn a cn trng. Cn nu chn end of free space th partition to ra s nm ngay sau phn a cn trng. Ch : Nu chn h thng file l FAT th kch thc ca partition ch c th ti a l 2GB.

Active phn khu a khi ng. Chn a C trong bng lit k, vo menu operations ri chn advanced hoc right click ln 1 partition trong bng lit k ri chn advanced. Mt menu con s xut hin. Chn set active

n phn khu a Chn a D, vo menu operations ri chn advanced, chn HIDE partition. Mn hnh hin th nh sau. Chn apply,

UNHIDE partition HIDE partition: lm "n" partition; partition sau khi lm n th h iu hnh s khng cn nhn ra c na. lm "xut hin" li partition: Chn phn khu, chn advanced, chn UNHIDE partition. Chn apply.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Boot my t a c, th truy cp a C, D. Copy mt s files vo a D. Di chuyn/thay i kch thc partition Chn 1 partition trong bng lit k, vo menu operations chn resize/move... Hoc right click ln 1 partition trong bng lit k chn resize/move...mt hp thoi s xut hin.

C th dng mouse "nm v ko" trc tip phn khung hnh biu th cho partition, hoc nhp trc tip cc thng s vo cc free space before, new size v free space after. Ch : Ton b cu trc ca partition c th s phi c iu chnh li nn thi gian thc hin thao tc ny s rt lu nu nh a cng chm hoc partition c kch thc ln.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 6. CI T WIN XP V CC PHN MM 1. CI T WINDOWS XP


Thit lp thit b khi ng u tin u tin l CD drive trong BIOS setup. a a ci Windows XP vo CD, sau khi ng li my. Khi lnh nhc press any key to boot from CD xut hin, n mt phm khi ng my tnh t a Windows XP. Khi my tnh khi ng t CDROM, phn cng c kim tra, sau c nhc chn tu chn. Chn Enter.

Chn phm F8 chp nhn cc iu kin trong hp ng bn quyn

Danh sch chng trnh ci t Windows XP hin ti c a ra. Sau c nhc chn mt tu chn. Chn phm R bt u chng trnh t ng sa cha. Chn ESC tip tc ci t

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn ESC vo ch ci t mi Windows XP

Tin hnh t chc phn khu a.

Chn D: xa phn khu a Chn L xc nhn vic xa phn khu a. Chn C: to mi phn khu a.

Chn a C, Chn enter ci Windows XP.

Chn nh dng a theo NTFS (quick), Enter. Qu trnh nh dng a c thc hin.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Qu trnh copy cc files h iu hnh vo C:\Windows, sau khi copy thnh cng, my s Reboot. Ch : Cho my boot t cng.

Mn hnh sau khi my khi ng.

La chn ngn ng v vng. Chut lc ny hot ng v th dng chut Chn vo "customize" nu mun chn ngn ng v cu hnh cc nh dng ngy, gi... Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Thng tin c nhn ca ngi dng. in tn v c th in thm ni cng tc, lm vic. Chn "Next" khi sn sng.

in vo kha sn phm product key. Sau khi in chnh xc xong. Chn Next. S ny c th c trn a CD_rom hoc file huongdan.txt, CDkey.txt

t tn cho my tnh v pasword ca ti khon administrator. Xc nhn li password v Chn "Next".


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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

t chnh xc ngy, gi hin ti, Chn Next qua bc k tip. Windows s tip tc qu trnh ci t.

Nu card mng c tm thy trong my ca th bng sau s hin ra. Chn custom setting thit lp cc thng s kt ni mng.

Chn internet protocol, properties, nhp cc thng s. Chn OK, OK, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Thay i tn nhm lm vic nu cn thit v Chn Next qua bc k tip. Qu trnh ci t tip tc c thc hin, sau my t restart. Mn hnh sau khi Windows XP khi ng.

Chn Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn not right now nu khng mung Windows XP t ng cp nht cc bn sa li. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn skip b qua qu trnh kim tra kt ni internet, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn No, not at this time b qua vic ng k Windows XP vi microsoft. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nhp tn ti khon cho cc ngi dng trn my tnh ny, Chn Next, Windows XP sn sng lm vic v qu trnh ci t hon tt.

2. CI T OFFICE 2003 HOC OFFICE XP.


Ci mi b office t a office vo , chy file setup.exe. Nhp kha sn phm, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Nhp cc thng tin v ngi dng, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn I accept the terms in the License areement chp nhn License, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

La chn ch ci t.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Typical install: ci t mc nh vi cc thnh phn thng dng. Complete install: ci t tan b b office. Minimal install: ci t ti thiu. Custom install: ci t c chn la, thng dng cho ngi chuyn nghip. Install to: th mc ci t office, c th thay i sang v tr khc nu a ci t khng dung lng.

La chn cc thnh phn cn ci t nh hnh. Space required on: dung lng ci t Space available on: dung lng a hin cn trng. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn install, qu trnh ci t c thc hin.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Ci, g b cc thnh phn ca b office. t a office 2003, chy file setup.exe Add or remove features: ci hoc b bt cc thnh phn ca b office Resintall or repair: ci t li hot sa cha bn office b h hi Uninstall: g b office Chn Add or remove features, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn choose advenced customization of applications, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Microsoft office, chn Run all from my computer ci thm tt c cc thnh phn ca b office cn thiu.

Space required on: hin th dung lng ci t thm

Nhp Update thc hin vic cp nht.

3. Ci t font ch
Chp cc font vo th mc F:\Softs\Font. Control panel, chn fonts. File, chn install new font.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Drive: chn a cha font ting vit Folders: chn th mc cha font List of fonts: chn cc font cn ci t. Chn OK bt u ci t.

4. Ci t Unikey
Chp unikey vo th mc F:\Softs\Unikey Chy file unikey.exe Cu hnh cc thng s: chn nt m rng Bng m: chn unicode Kiu g: chn vni Chn mc khi ng cng Windows Chn nt: ng

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

5. Ci t acrobat
Chy file ci t, Chn Change destination folder nu mun thay i th mc ci t, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn install bt u ci t

Chn Finish kt thc ci t.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

6. Ci t Lacviet t in
Chy chng trnh setup.exe, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nhp tn ngi dng, tn cng ty, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nhp s serial, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chon th mc ci t, Chn Next bt u ci t.

7. Ci t Winrar
Chy chng trnh setup, Chn install bt u ci t

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 7. CI T WINDOWS VISTA V CC NG DNG

1. GII THIU WINDOWS VISTA


Vista home basic Homebasic l phin bn cp thp nht, c thit k cho nhng my tnh c cu hnh yu khng chy c cc tnh nng mi ca Vista. Vi giao din p bt mt. Homebasic vn cn chc nng tm kim nhanh, bo mt tng cng v h tr nhiu phn cng. Vista Home premium Vista Home premium dnh cho nhng ngi khng c nhu cu kt ni n mng ni b ni lm vic qua internet v c bit nhm ti ngi dng di ng. Phin bn ny c y cc thnh phn c bn ca Windows Vista: giao din aero bng by, vi hiu ng glass lp lnh; mobility centre cho php nhn bit v kt ni khng dy t ng, tit kim nng lng; Vista sync centre cho php kt ni tt c cc thit b phn cng ngoi vi vo PC. Vista bussiness Phin bn ny chuyn dnh cho ngi dng ni cng s, b ct b tt c cc thnh phn gii tr, v tp trung vo cc tnh nng phc v cho cng vic. Chc nng u tin cn k n l remote desktop, cho php iu khin my tnh ni cng s t nh ring, khi i cng tc. Tng t nh Windows XP pro, nhng remote desktop ca Vista c thm cc tnh nng bo mt mi nht. Mt h thng cnh bo ci trong Vista bussiness gip ngi dng trnh mt mt d liu quan trng ca cng ty trong trng hp hng hc phn cng. Vista ultimate Phin bn tt c trong mt ny bao gm tt c tnh nng ca cc phin bn trc: giao din aero p long lanh, media centre gii tr trong khi lm vic Vista ultimate cn c ti u cho s n nh trong khi chi game. Vista ultimate c thm chc nng m ho d liu - ci m tt c cc phin bn trc khng c. Vi cng ngh bitlocker, gi y ngi dng c th m ho ton b cng, ngn chn truy cp bt hp php v virus t internet. Vista enterprise Phin bn ny s khng c bn l, m dnh ring cho cc cng ty, tp on ln. L phin bn cp cao hn ca Vista bussiness, Vista enterprise h tr thm cc tnh nng qun l my ch v tng thch ngc vi cc phn mm i c.

2. Cc bc ci t Windows Vista
Cu hnh phn cng yu cu ti thiu: CPU: 800MHz RAM: 512 MB HDD: 12GB ci t Windows Vista khng cn chia a trc, qu trnh chia a c thc hin trong qu trnh ci t. t ch khi ng my t a CDROM Boot my t a DVD Windows Vista La chn ngn ng ci t v mt vi thuc tnh ca tng quc gia

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn install now xc nhn qu trnh ci t.

Nhp vo product key. trng v n Next qua bc tip theo

Mt bn thng bo s xut hin v n No tip tc qu trnh ci t. Nu c Product key, c th nhp ti bc ny.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh La chn phin bn cho Windows Vista.

Check vo I accept the License terms chp nhn License.

Chn custom ci t mi Windows Vista. Ch : nng cp Windows XP ln Windows Vista phi bt u trong mi trng Windows XP.

T chc phn khu a v chn phn vng ci t Windows Vista.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn Drive option, chn New : to mi phn khu a Delete: xa phn khu a Format: nh dng phn khu a theo NTFS

Chn phn khu s ci Windows Vista, Chn Next. Bt u tin trnh ci t Win.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Sau khi qu trnh ci t Windows Vista hon tt, s l cc bc cu hnh cho Windows Vista. Nhp ti khon u tin, ti khon ny c quyn ngang vi administrator v chn mt biu tng tng ng, Chn Next qua bc tip theo.

Nhp tn cho my tnh

Chn Use recommended settings t mi gi GMT+7 v t ngy gi hin ti.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Qu trnh cu hnh han thnh, Chn Start bt u lm vic

Nhp password cho ti khon to ra trong qu trnh ci t ng nhp.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

3. CI T OFFICE 2007
t a office vo , chy file setup.exe Nhp kha sn phm, Chn continue qua bc k tip.

Chn I accept the terms in the License areement chp nhn License, Chn continue qua bc k tip.

Chn ugrade nng cp phin bn office 2003 ln 2007 Chn customize la chn cc ch ci t. Chn Custom

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Qu trnh ci t chun b thc hin.

Chn th upgrade: Remove all previous version: g b office 2003 trc khi ci mi office 2007 Keep all previous version: gi li office 2003 v ci mi office 2007 Remove only the following applications: chn la cc thnh phn ca office 2003 cn g b trc khi ci mi office 2007. Chn keep all previous version ci song song office 2003 v office 2007.

Chn th Installation option: la chn cc thnh phn ca b office 2007 cn ci t. Chn Microsoft office, chn Run all from my computer tt c cc thnh phn ca b office 2007. Total space required on drive: hin th dung lng ci t.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn th File location, xc nh hoc thay i li v tr ni s ci t office 2007

Chn th User information, nhp cc thng tin v ngi dng. Chn Install now. Qu trnh ci t c thc hin.

Qu trnh ci t bt u.

Cc ng dng khc ci t tng t nh trn Windows XP.


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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

4. Ci t nhiu h u hnh.
Nguyn tc chung: Mi h iu hnh ci trn mt phn khu ring. H u hnh c version c ci trc, mi ci sau. Phn mm v driver c ci trn tng h iu hnh. Ti mt thi im ch c th chy 1 h iu hnh.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 8. SAO LU V PHC HI H THNG VI NORTON GHOST

1. CHUN B.
Chun b a Hiren's Boot CD, a ny c bn ngoi cc CD Shop. Vo CMOS thip lp ch khi ng t a CD trc tin khi ng t a Hiren's Boot. Khi ng my t Hiren's Boot CD. Chn Start Boot CD.

Chn Disk Clone Tools. hoc Chn s 2, Enter

Chn Norton Ghost 8.0 hoc Chn s 2, Enter khi ng phn mm Norton Ghost.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Giao din chnh ca Norton Ghost nh sau.

Cc chc nng c bn: Quit: thot. Options: thit lp theo ngi s dng. Local: menu chnh thc hin cc chc nng ca Norton Ghost. Disk: Cc lnh vi a To Disk: Sao chp ni dung mt a sang a th 2. To Image: Sao lu tt c ni dung ca a thnh mt tp tin .gho From Image: Phc hi ni dung a t mt tp tin .gho sao lu. To Partion: Sao chp ni dung mt phn vng sang phn vng khc. To Image: Sao lu tt c ni dung ca phn vng thnh mt tp tin .gho o Lnh ny sao lu phn vng c HH v cc phn mm cng ton b d liu trn . From Image: Phc hi ni dung mt phn vng t tp tin hnh nh .gho sao lu. Lnh ny phc hi phn vng c HH sao lu khi HH b s c.

Partition: Cc lnh vi phn vng a.

2. Sao lu h thng:
Trong ca s Norton Ghost, chn Local - Partition - To Image sao lu phn vng cha HH thnh mt tp tin hnh nh .gho

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn a c phn vng cn phc hi. Chn OK

Chn phn vng cn sao lu trn a chn. sao lu phn vng cha h iu hnh, cn chn phn vng chnh. Phn vng cng c nh s th t, phn vng chnh nh s 1. Chn xong Chn OK.

Chn ni lu tp tin .gho cha ton b ni dung ca phn vng c sao lu. Phi chn ni lu l mt phn vng khc vi phn vng c sao lu, v dung lng cn trng ca phn vng ny phi ln hn tng dung lng ang s dng trn phn vng c sao lu.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh t tn cho tp tin hnh nh .gho. Nn t tn ngn gn, Chn Save bt u qu trnh sao lu

Chn phng thc nn d liu. Nn chn Fast

Xc nhn vic sao lu khi xut hin hp thoi yu cu xc nhn vic sau lu. Chn Yes. Kt thc v khi ng li my. Qu trnh sao lu din ra trong vi pht, nu thnh cng s xut hin bn thng bo. Chn nt Continue. Chn Quit thot khi Norton Ghost v khi ng li my.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

3. Phc hi h thng
Trong trng hp HH b li, hoc phn mm ng dng b li, c th phc hi ton b phn vng vi tp tin c sao lu. Trong ca s Norton Ghost, chn menu Local - Partition - From Image.

Chn a hoc phn vng cha tp tin hnh nh .gho sao lu cha ni dung ca phn vng cn phc hi.

Chn tp tin .gho phc hi phn vng. Kch chn tp tin sao lu. Chn Open

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn a cn phc hi cho phn vng ca n. Chn phn vng cn phc hi. Chn OK.

Xc nhn vic ghi ln phn vng ang tn ti tin hnh phc hi d liu c t tp tin .gho vo phn vng c chn. Chn Yes xc nhn.

Kt thc. Nu qu trnh phc hi thnh cng s xut hin hp thoi thng bo. Chn nt Restart Computer khi ng li my.

4. To file GHOST WinXP cho nhiu cu hnh phn cng


Ci t Windows XP v tt c chng trnh cn thit vo mt my tnh bt k. Vo th mc C:\Windows\driver cache\i386, m file driver.cab ri trch (extract) cc tp tin atapi.sys, intelIDE.sys, pciIDE.sys v pciIDEx.sys vo th mc: :\Windows\system32\drivers. Chy tp tin mergeIDE.reg. To tp tin mergeIDE.reg bng cch copy tan b ni dung in m bn di vo notepad v lu li di tn "mergeIDE.red". Khi ng li my tnh vo ch safemode, vo device manager uninstall cc driver ca Vga, Sound Card, Chipset hoc Uninstall tt c driver. Shutdown v khi ng li my tnh bng a CD c chng trnh ghost. Ghost partition h iu hnh ra image. File ghost va to c th dng ghost qua cc my tnh c cu hnh phn cng khc.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Ch : File mergeIDE.red ny c th tm trn Internet.

5. Ghost t ng
Cho php khi phc li cc h iu hnh mt cch nhanh chng khng i hi ngi dng phi c nhii kin thc v ghost Cc bc thc hin S dng Partition Magic chia a theo yu cu sau Tn - lable Msdos Win-XP Win-2003 Data Dung lng 1GB 15GB 6GB Cn li nh dng FAT32 NTFS NTFS Fat32 Active Yes No No No

To file ghost d phng cho win XP, win 2003 Boot mt t a hirent, v DOS To th mc d:\bachkup bng lnh md d\backup Nhp lnh: ghost Chn ch ghost partition to image, ghost phn khu th 1 DOS thnh file d:\backup\boot.gho sao lu d phng h iu hnh MSDOS. Chn ch ghost partition to image, ghost phn khu th 2 winXP thnh file d:\backup\winXP.gho sao lu d phng Windows XP Tng t chn ch ghost partition to image, ghost phn khu th 3 win2003 thnh file d:\backup\win2003.gho To ghost t ng Boot li my t a Hirent, v DOS Tm v chp cc file sau vo a C: ghost.exe, choice.com, edit.com To file autoexec.bat bng lnh :Edit c:\autoexec.bat Nhp ni dung sau: @echo off Cls Echo. Echo. Echo. Echo. Echo. Echo 1. Ghost boot Echo 2. Ghost Windows XP
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Echo 3. Ghost Windows 2003 server Echo 4. Ghost all partition Echo ---------------------------Echo 5. Exit Echo. Choice /c:123456 /s vui long chon: If errorlevel == 5 goto thoat If errorlevel == 4 goto all If errorlevel == 3 goto g2003 If errorlevel == 2 goto gXP If errorlevel == 1 goto boot :boot Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\boot.gho:1,dst=1:1 -sure -rb Goto thoat :gXP Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\boot.gho:1,dst=1:1 -sure Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\winXP.gho:1,dst=1:2 -sure -rb Goto thoat :g2003 Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\boot3k.gho:1,dst=1:1 -sure Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\win3k.gho:1,dst=1:3 -sure -rb Goto thoat :all Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\boot.gho:1,dst=1:1 -sure Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\winXP.gho:1,dst=1:2 -sure Ghost -clone,mode=prestore,src=d:\backup\win3k.gho:1,dst=1:3 -sure -rb Goto thoat :thoat Lu file v khi ng li my T menu Windows server 2003, enterprise Microsoft Windows XP professional Microsoft Windows Chn mc microsoft Windows Menu sau hin th 1. Ghost boot 2. Ghost Windows XP
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh 3. Ghost Windows 2003 server 4. Ghost all partition ---------------------------5. Exit

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 9. CI T DRIVER CHO CC THIT B I. DRIVER


Driver l nhng phn mm gip HH nhn dng, qun l v iu khin hot ng ca cc thit b ngoi vi. Bt k thit b ngoi vi no cng cn phi c driver hot ng. Ring i vi nhng thit b nh chut, bn phm lun c sn driver i km vi h iu hnh nn chng ta khng cn phi ci t. Driver c trong cc a i km vi cc thit b ngoi vi khi mua chng v phi ci chng vo h iu hnh nhn dng v qun l c thit b.

II. QUN L THIT B

Vo Control Panel, kch p biu tng System. Chn th Hardware, kch nt Device Manger khi ng trnh qun l thit b.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Thit b no khng c driver s c du hi mu vng. Khi thit b s khng hot ng c v cn phi ci driver cho thit b . Xc nh thit b c cc thng s ny trn card, chip, catalog i km theo thit b.
Nu thit b l Onboard th cn xc nh Model, hng sn xut Mainboard. C th c cc thng s ny khi khi ng my, chng trnh POST s hin th Model, hng sn xut Mainboard pha trn hoc pha di mn hnh. Cng c th chy CPU-Z hoc Everest xc nh thng s

III. CI T DRIVER.
Cch 1: Chun b a driver i km thit b. Chn p tp tin setup.exe ci. Cch 2: Kch phi chut trn du hi mu vng trong ca s Device Manger. Chn Properties. Chn Reinstall Driver.

Chn Next trong mn hnh u tin

Chn Search for a suitable driver for my device my t ng tm mt driver thch hp nht cho thit b . Chn Next tip tc.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Ch nh mt ni tm driver. Nu bit chnh xc ni chc driver ca thit b, nh du vo mc Specify a location v ch vo th mc cha driver ca thit b

i trong giy lt tm driver thch hp

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Nu khng tm thy s thng bo nh hnh bn di. Khi cn quay li t u v chn ni cha Driver khc.

IV. XEM CU HNH MY


G Dxdiag vo ca s RUN khi ng cng c DirectX.

1. Thng tin h thng (Th System)


Operating System: Phin bn h iu hnh Language: Ngn ng s dng Processor: Thng tin v CPU Memory: dung lng RAM. Page file: B nh o

2. Thng tin v card mn hnh (Th Display)


Name: Tn card mn hnh Manufacture: Tn hng sn xut Total Memory: Dung lng card mn hnh Monitor: Tn ca mn hnh.

V. SAO LU V PHC HI DRIVER VI DRIVER GENIUS


Chc nng chnh l sao lu & phc hi driver Giao din chnh ca phin bn 2007:

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Sao lu driver trc khi ci li Windows

Chn backup drivers. Driver genius tin hnh qut & lit k cc thit b c trong my. Khi danh sch cc thit b c lit k y , c th mi thit b s c nhiu mu khc nhau. o Mu : driver ca thit b ny h. o Mu xanh l: thit b thuc dng cm-nng, thng l loi giao tip qua cng USB (my in, my qut, v.v... Dng cng USB). o Mu en: driver ca cc thit b dng ny thuc loi c sn trong Windows, tc l bn thn Windows (sau khi ci) c th nhn dng c thit b m khng cn phi ci t driver. o Mu xanh dng: ngc li mi mu en, tt c cc thit b dng ny thuc loi khng c sn trong Windows. iu ny c ngha l sau khi ci t Windows xong, phi tin hnh ci t driver cho chng th Windows mi c th nhn dng c thit b. Chn la tt c cc thit b c trong danh sch tin hnh sao lu, hoc ch chn sao lu nhng thit b m cm thy tht cn thit. Ch cn chn cc thit b m Windows khng th t nhn c l . Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Ch ng dn n folder cha cc driver c sao lu Chn Start Backup.


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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Kt thc qu trnh sao lu, c th tin hnh ci t li my ghost Windows XP. Sau khi ci t xong, khi Windows yu cu ch ng dn n folder cha driver ca thit b m n khng th nhn, ch vic ch ng dn n folder tng ng l xong. Khi phc driver khi phc li driver m Windows khng h tr, Chn Restore, chn Browse xc nh th mc cha driver sao lu trc , Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn cc driver cn phc hi, Chn Chn Next bt u. Sau khi qu trnh kt thc, khi ng li my tnh

G b driver Trong trng hp mun g b hn 1 driver ra khi my tnh, chn Uninstall Driver, chn cc thit b cn g b driver, Chn Next tin hnh g b driver.
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 10. WINDOWS REGISTRY


Registry l mt c s d liu dng lu tr thng tin v phn cng, phn mm, cu hnhWindows... Registry lun c cp nht khi ngi s dng tin hnh s thay i trong cc thnh phn ca control panel, desktop..

I. V TR REGISTRY
WIN95 & 98, registry c ghi trong 2 file: user.dat v system.dat trong th mc Windows. Windows me, registry c lu trong file classes.dat trong th mc Windows. Win2k registry c lu trong th mc "Windows\ system32\ config". Nhp lnh regedit

II. MT S THAY I REGISTRY 1- Hin th hp thng bo trc khi logon


Tm n kho sau: System key: hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\Windowsnt\ currentversion\ winlogon Thay i ni dung ca 2 value sau: Legalnoticecaption: ch Legalnoticetext: khng xa d liu hay ci t chng trnh Logoff v quan st ca s thng bo va to ra

2- Hin th dng thng bo trong ca s ng nhp.


Tm n kho sau: System key: hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\Windowsnt\currentversion\winlogon To mi gi tr kiu string vi tn "logonprompt" Nhp gi tr cho n l: username: administrator ; password: 123 t password cho ti khon administrator l 123 Chuyn my tnh v ch login theo kiu classic

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Logoff v quan st hp thai logon

3 - Cho php t ng logon vi ti khon administrator


Tm n kho sau: System key: hkey_local_machine\software\microsoft\Windows nt\currentversion\winlogon To mi cc value sau nu cha c sn v gn cc gi tr tng ng cho tng value: Value Forceautologon Autoadminlogon Defaultusername Defaultpassword Kiu string string string string Gi tr 1 1 administrator 123

Logoff kim tra h thng c logon t ng

4 - Tng tc cho start menu.


Tm n kho sau: User key: hkey_current_user\control panel\desktop Menushowdelay: nhn gi tr mi l 0 (s mili giy i menu con xut hin) Logoff v logon, di chuyn co tr mouse n menu start, cc menu con, quan st tc hin th menu con.

5 - Thm menu copy to..., move to... Vo menu context


Mc copy to..., move to... Xut hin trong menu context khi click phi trn tp tin. i vi tp tin: xut hin copy to, move to khi click phi trn mt tp tin bt k. Tm n ng dn ca kho sau: Hkey_classes_root\ *\ shellex\ contextmenuhandlers\ copy to To mt kho mi vi tn l "copy to". Gn cho gi tr default ca n l: "{c2fbb630-2971-11d1-a18c-00c04fd75d13}" To mt kho mi vi tn l "move to". Gn gi tr default ca n l: "{c2fbb631-2971-11d1-a18c-00c04fd75d13}" i vi th mc: xut hin copy to, move to to trong menu context khi click phi trn th mc Tm n ng dn ca kho sau: Hkey_classes_root\ directory\ shellex\ contextmenuhandlers\ To mt kho mi vi tn l "copy to". Gn cho gi tr default ca n l: {c2fbb6302971-11d1-a18c-00c04fd75d13} To mt kho mi vi tn l "move to". Gn gi tr default ca n l: {c2fbb631-297111d1-a18c-00c04fd75d13}
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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh di. Logoff v click phi trn th mc hoc tp tin, copy to..., move to... Xut hin nh hnh

6- Hin th thng tin h tr, nhng thng tin v tn cng ty


M notepad, son tp tin vi ni dung sau v lu chng vo th mc Windows\system32 vi tn file l oeminfo.ini [general] manufacturer = computer school model= is066 [support information] line1= dia chi: 78-80 nguyen trai, quan 5, hcm line2= so dien thoai: 84 8 9232646 line3= website: www.itvietnam.com line4= mail: admin@itvietnam.com Nhp phi mouse trn My Computer, chn Properties, chn Support Information.

San mt file nh vi kch c l 172 x 172 pixels lu thnh "oemlogo.bmp" vo th mc Windows\system32. Nhp phi mouse trn My computer, chn properties, logo xut hin. tm file hng dn registry: m google v nhp t kha registry guide

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 11. GHI A CD ROM


Ci phn mm ghi a CD v d nero Khi ng Nero, chn Nero Express, mn hnh hin th

To a CD phn mm Tp hp cc phn mm cn ghi ra ra CD vo mt th mc trong cng Chn mc Data, chn Data disc

Chn Add, chn cc phn mm cn ghi ra a CD, chn Finish kt thc

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Ca s hin th cc phn mm s ghi ra CD v dung lng ca chng Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Current recorder: chn a ghi Disc name: nhp software Writing speed:chn tc ghi, khng nn chn tc cao nht Chn Burn bt u ghi a To file image ca a CD lu trn cng Cch ny s sao chp tan b a CD (d liu v phn boot nu c) thnh 1 file trn a t a CD vo a, v d: win Windows XP sp2 Chn Copy entire disc

Source driver: chn a cha a CD ngun Destination drive: chn Image Recorder Chn Copy

Nhp tn cho file image v chn a cha image, v d: D:\image XP


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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Save bt u to image

To a CD t file image trn a cng Chn Disc image or saved project

Image file: chn file nh cn ghi ra CD, v d: D:\image XP.nrg Destination drive: chn a ghi Writing speed: chn tc ghi Chn Next bt u ghi a

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chnh sa file image Sau khi to c file image ca a CD trn cng, chnh sa li ni dung image cho ph hp truc khi ghi ra cng ta c th s dng phn mm Magic iso maker

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 12. TO MY O BNG VMWARE

Ci t VMWARE Chy chng trnh setup, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Yes, I accept the terms in the License agreement. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Xc nhn th mc ci t, Chn Next qua bc k tip

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh To cc shortcut cho chng trnh, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Install bt u ci t.

Chn Finish, qu trnh ci t kt thc

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh To mi my o Windows XP Khi ng Vmware

File, chn New, chn Virtual machine.

Chn Chn Next qua bc k tip. Chn Typical, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Microsoft Windows, chn Version Windows XP professional, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

t tn cho my o l Windows XP, v chn th mc ni s to ra my o l D:\winXP. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Use bridged networking, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn dung lng a cho my o l 3Gb, Chn Finish kt thc.

Ci t Windows XP trn my o. t a Windows XP vo a, chn Power on khi ng my.

Qu trnh ci t Windows XP trn my o ging nh trn my tht. Thay i cu hnh my o winXP Shutdows my o Windows XP Chn Edit virtual machine settings Chn memory, thay i RAM ca my o ln 256 MB.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Tng t, to thm 1 Harddisk cho my o, Add, chn Harddisk, Next

Chn Create a new virtual disk. Chn Next qua bc k tip. Chn kiu a IDE, Chn Next qua bc k tip. Nhp dung lng a 1 gb, Chn Next qua bc k tip. Chn ni to a o, Chn Finish. Ci t install Vmware tools Khi ng my o Windows XP T menu VM, chn Install Vmware tools bt u ci t software ci thin tc mouse, keyboard. Restart my o Windows XP Copy my o Windows XP Chn Clone this virtual machine

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Next qua bc k tip. Chn From current state, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Create a full clone, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

t tn my o mi l Windows XP 1, th mc ni cha my o mi. Chn Finish sao chp.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Done kt thc.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

BI 13. CI T ENTERPRISE LINUX 5

C th ci t chung Enterprise Linux 5 v Windows XP hoc Windows 2003 trn cng mt my hoc cng c th ci enterprise Linux 5 trn my o. Boot my t a Linux disk1, Chn Enter vo ch ci t hoc nng cp.

Chn OK kim tra a CD, c th Chn Skip b qua giai an kim tra.

Chn Next

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn ngn ng dng trong qu trnh ci t l English, Chn Next qua bc k tip, c th chn ting vit.

Chn chun bn phm l U.S English, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nhp s ci t, nu khng c, chn Skip entering installation number, Chn OK qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Mt ca s cnh bo xut hin. Ni dung phn cnh bo l tt c nhng d liu trn phn vng cng ci t s b xa sch. Chn Yes nu mun xa sch d liu v tin hnh n bc k tip.

T chc phn khu a, chn Review and modify partitioning layout, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Trong phn ny c th chn la ch ci t:


Remove Linux partitions on selected drives and create default layout: ci Linux trn 1 cng trng, chn mc ny, Chn Next qua bc k tip. Use free space on the selected drives and create default layout: nu c d liu trn cng ri v mun ci t Linux trn vng d liu trng cn li th chn mc ny.

Chn Review and modify partitioning layout, Chn Next qua bc k tip. Mt thng bo cnh bo tt c cc partition trn a c chn s b xa, Chn Yes.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Ti bc ny c th thay i dung lng cc phn khu a, to mi hoc xa phn khu a. Cc fie chnh ca Linux s c ci trn phn vng root hay /. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nu trn a ci t nhiu h iu hnh, c th Chn Add thm mi mt danh mc h iu hnh vo menu khi ng nu n khng c Linux pht hin trong qu trnh ci t. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Edit nhp cc thng s cho cc lan card nu khng mun n c cu hnh t ng thng qua 1 DHCP server.

B chn Use dynamic ip configuration (dhcp) B chn Enable ipv6 support Nhp a ch IP v Subnet mask cho lan card. Chn OK

Nhp tn my: Gateway: 10.0.0.2 Primary DNS: 210.245.31.130 Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn mi gi Asia/Saigon, Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Nhp v xc nhn password cho ti khon root, password ti thiu 6 k t. Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Next qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn Next qua bc k tip.

Chn Next qua bc k tip. Qu trnh ci t bt u.

Qu trnh ci t ln lt yu cu a disk2,3 trong b a ci t. Sau cng, Chn reboot khi ng li my.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh Chn FORWARD thc hin mt s bc cu hnh trc khi h iu hnh hat ng

Chn YES chp nhn License, Chn FORWARD qua bc k tip.

Chn cc dch v tip.

cho php truy cp n my tnh ny. Chn Forward qua bc k

Chn Forward qua bc k tip.


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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

Chn Forward qua bc k tip.

t ngy gi, Chn Forward qua bc k tip.

Chn No nu cha mun ng k kt ni vi Red hat h tr cp nht software t ng. Chn Forward qua bc k tip.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

To ti khon user v password, Chn Forward qua bc k tip.

Chn Finish kt thc qu trnh ci t.

Nhp tn ti khon v password bt u lm vic vi Linux.

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Bi ging mn hc Lp rp v ci t my tnh

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