COST ESTIMATE GUIDELINES AND REFERENCES How to Avoid Bidding Errors

A.

Read thoroughly plans, specifications, and general conditions of

contract, addendums, and invitation to bid. Study carefully the following terms and conditions. 1. 2. 3. a. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. submission 11. 12. 13. Owner-supplied materials Terms of Payments Check Dpayments Permits Bid bond 5% to 10% Cash or managers check Time of completion number of working days or calendar days Performance bond all risk insurance 10% to 20% of contract. Work Guarantee Bond 20% to 30% of contract Construction Bond for Residential Subdivision Requirements City Tax or Contractors Tax Contractors insurance Verify approved insurance company Liquidated damages for 1% of 10% of bid Price Escalation/ Time Extension Revisions, changes, extra works Last minute addendums, bid bulletins, time and date of the bid

Construction Permits (Architectural, Structural, Plumbing, Mechanical & Electrical Occupancy Permits Demolition & sidewalk Permits City tax new codes 14. Building Code Requirements/Boundaries

B.

Look for confusing requirements or any discrepancies in plans

and specifications. Refer to architect and owner in writing ( black & white)

C.

Look for notations on plans general scope of work, changes,

alterations, impossible requirements, Building code requirements D. Evaluate & study carefully specifications 1. Make list of trades, brand, type that can fulfill the contract 2. Subdivide each trade list if needed 3. Ask quotations from subcontractors 4. Electrical, plumbing and mechanical if required. Make sure you know the subcontractor suppose to quote on you. Set forms to avoid gaps and mistakes E. Set procedures for preparing bids 1. Plan the bid like a project with checklist, target date and project checklist 2. Check if bid required itemized cost breakdown/ unit cost of materials.

F.

Check and double check take-off estimate. It might have been

overlooked. Spot check subcontractor proposals if complete. Take note of scope of works. Verify items not included, unit cost of materials.

G.

Site inspections Verify thoroughly the following conditions.

1. Existing facilities to be demolished wood, concrete steel. 2. Hauling In/ Out of matls Disposal of debris. Location.
Equipment to be Used Tools and

3. Sources of Materials Verify materials unit cost of nearby suppliers.

Major materials from existing supplier and minor materials from new supplier. Verify terms of payment. Prepare materials checklist. Always check Current Cost of materials, prepare checklist.

4. Geographical conditions of site. Slopes, verify on plans, if backfilling is

required. Check if adobe, soil of backfill. Note depth of excavation requires. Hauling in/out of backfilling, Dumping of debris from site.

5. Ideal location of bunkhouse, temporary warehouse or storage.

Temporary utilities. Dumping of materials to site must not have conflict with the layout of proposed building.

6. Sources of manpower, technical expertise, tools and equipment 7. Temporary facilities- power, water, telephone 8. Future tapping of the following:
Power Water Telephones Sewer and Drainage Verify if in conformity with the plans. Check utility company requirements. Project Study. Roads, sidewalks to be demolished. Permits and payments.Deposits c/o Owner

H.

Use the RULE OF THUMB method. Check the most contentious

items of bid. Recheck addition of subcontractors.

I.

Analyze the bid even if it is not successful. Update cost of

materials. Check file records and other historical data. Get result of bidding and prepare feedback for future references.

J.

Major error in bid. Determine whether or not to continue work on the

project. Determine if you are willing to live with the error. Know the bid of other contractor.

K.
requirements.

Take note of indirect cost, VAT and other government taxes and

Subdivision requirements, construction bonds, insurance, city tax, performance bond.

L.

You may wish to withdraw the bid.

Reminders before Estimating

A. Read first plans, specifications and general conditions of contract to familiarize

yourself with the general scope of works.

B. Spot check nebulous requirements if available in local market. Verify if imported,

suppliers, type of materials

C. Rough estimate to try. It must be 30-50% of what might be the ultimate cost. D. Preliminary estimate. Unit cost obtained from past project. Recheck verify current
unit cost. E. Always use the rule of thumb in the final estimate

F. RE-check your estimate. Let someone do it. Spot check multiplications and
additions of subtotal

G. Ask for quotations of suppliers or subcontractors of specialty works

H. Use different techniques in estimate 1. By volume method 2. BY area method sq. m. 3. By direct count Be systematic. Breakdown estimate or use the area method. Schedule organized breakdown.

I. Begin estimate with fresh mind. Difficult items first, easy items like addition of total
cost can be done when you are tired

J. Always use your imagination, observation, take note of items lacking or errors in
plans and specifications. Do not leave items. Immediately look for unforeseen requirements before continuing to other portion.

Estimate Checklist A. Site Development/General Requirements 1. Mobilization/Temporary facilities

a. Temporary Fence Total linear meter

Sawali 4 x 5 or GI sheets Coco lumber 2x3/2x4 C.W. nails Check if corr. GI sheet temp. fence

2. ID / Uniforms/ Biodatas

3. Workers Quarters Verify number of workers

a. Temporary Field Office

Plywood 2 x 4 lumbers Roofing G.I. sheets or Lona 20 x 40 Emergency Kit Drums Tools and Equipment

b. Temporary Power, Water and Telephone Cost of utilities

during construction. Contractor or Owner

B.1 Checklist Temporary Power (Residential Only)

Description RSC pipe x 10 Entrance Cup RSC Conduit Nipple Safety Switch 60 A 2p 1dia THW wire # 12 (5.5 mm) Electric Tape (big) One way switch Duplex Convenience Outlet

Qty 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

Unit Piece Piece Set Roll Roll Piece Piece

Unit Cost

Fluorescent 40 w Meter base 4 X 4 X 8 coco lumber or equal

2 1 1

Piece Set Piece

B.2 Temporary Toilet/Waterlines/Sewer Description PVC pipe 3 x 10 PVC wye 3 x 3 PVC bend PVC bend PVC Cement 100 cc G.I. pipe x 20 G.I. tee G.I. Elbow Taplon Tape Flush Type Water Closet Drums Water Hose x 15 lm Qty 2 3 4 2 1 2 4 4 3 1 3 Unit Pieces Pieces Pieces Pieces Qrt Pieces Pieces Pieces Rolls Set Set Unit Cost

B.3 Checklist of tools and equipment to be used

Concrete Mixer (1 bugger) Bar Cutter/Circular Cutter or Hacksaw Blade Shovel Pick Mattock Leveling Hose Bareta/Pointed bar Angle Grinder Vibrator Compactor Plastic Container

B.4 Manpower Transportation/Cash Advance for Mobilization B.5 Temporary Bunkhouse for Workers and Storage of Materials B. Siteworks 1. 2. Demolition of Existing Structure Hauling out/in

Verify the following: a. Slab, beams, footing, etc. b. Materials that can be utilized wood/steel/doors/etc.

c. Hauling out of usable materials and debris (labor+delivery

charges) location of disposal d. Storage of usable materials

3.
a. b.

Clearing and Grubbing 3.00 m around building Uprooting of trees and shrubs Soil stripping if required Sheet Piling Verify adjacent existing structures a. Near creek, beside high-rise building, etc b. Piles to be used Concrete pre-cast, steel or apitong lumber 2 x 10 x 12 for property walls

4.

5.

Verification of monuments, lot boundaries, slopes and topographical

conditions. Prepare fixed reference above the street level, building elevations. 6. Excavation a. Manually b. By machine Calculate number of hours required Verify Soil Conditions Description Soil Adobe Qty Unit Cu.m. Cu.m. Earthfill/Backfilling works Unit Cost 150 200 Check if soil test is required for 4 storey buildings up.

7.

a. Backfill Excavated portion of footing, wall footing b. Earthfill Slope of existing lot Elevations of Proposed finished flooring from street line or other reference point. c. Type of filling materials Description Escombro Banday Banda or Lastillas Garden Soil for landscape/ Ordinary soil Dump truck Or Ten Wheeler Truck d. Tamping by Manual or Machine Formula: LOOSE VOLUME or VL =Length x Width x Depth Compact Volume in Place or VC = VL + 25% Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or truck Hauling In of Backfill Materials Capacity Unit Unit (soil) Cost 4-6 cu.m T/L dump 12-16 cu.m T/L Depending on the type of Backfill escombro, soil, and lastillas? Qty Unit T/L* T/L* Unit Cost

8.

Gravel Fill a. 0.05 m thickness below slab on fill and footing b. G.I. gravel or gravel TOTAL AREA OF SLAB = Length x Width x .05 m = Total Volume of Gravel Fill

Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or truck dump

Capacity (soil) 4-6 cu.m 12-16 cu.m

Unit Per cu.m.

Unit Cost

9.

Soil Poisoning For application before pouring of footing and slab a. Type of Soil Poison Lentrex/Chlordane or F3D14

10.

Polyethylene Sheet under slab on fill for Ground floor S lab

0.006 Thickness Polyethylene sheet approximately 9 kgs/sq.m. Specially for narra parquet and vinyl tile floor finish

Reference Checklist: Foundation

a. Soil Bearing Capacity 1,500 2,000 psf (pounds per sq. ft.) Most commonly used assumptions at city engineers office 3,000 to 4,000 psf if adobe or hard soil depending on soil test done by geotechnical Engineers

b. Soil Test For high rise building (Boring Test)

Cost P15,000 P20,000.00 per hole depending on the requirement of structural engineer c. Seismic Analysis if required

11.

Other Outside Building Development Checklist

a. Fence Verify height and total length b. Special Fence for Slope Area shear wall with perforated
pipes ( verify detail)

c. Concrete curb and gutter, roads, walk, sidewalk

d. Parking Area

e. Rip rapping if required f. Water Tank/Genset Rooms/other base foundations

g. Landscaping

Note: Provide during construction permanent benchmark for elevation references. C. Concreting Works Checklist check strength required 2,500 psi slab on fill 3,500psi to 4000 psi for footing/ column/beam/slab/residential for high rise building 1. building 2. a. b. c. d. e. f. Ready Mixed Concrete for high rise building Manual or concrete mixer Actual Site conditions if 2 storey

Interval of Delivery of Truck - 30 to 45 minutes Capacity of One truck 4 to 6 cu. mts. Retarder or additives fast curing if required Verification of scaffolding work before pouring-safety precautions Dumping of excess cement if necessary Emergency Scaffolding/tools and equipment

Checklist of Concrete Works for Estimate a. Footing, wall footing, footing tie beam b. Columns per floor schedule c. Last Floor to roof or deck

d. Shear Walls e. Concrete stairs f. Floor Beams and Girder per floor

g. Suspended slab h. Parapet walls and canopy i. j. k. Elevator shaft Slab on fill (includes driveways and walks Cistern Tank and Septic tank

10

l.

Kitchen and Lavatory counter

m. Lintel beam for doors and windows n. Electrical and Plumbing lines embedded in concrete, pullboxes and catch basins o. Concrete Curb and gutter p. Fence/electric post q. Others as per plan Computations shall be scheduled systematically to above items not included in the estimate. Itemized per floor Volume = Length x Width x Depth Note : To include all portion below natural grade line (footing, column, walls, etc.. depth)

Estimate References for Concrete Works

Ratio : 1 part cement 2 part sand 3-part gravel

Compressive Strength of Concrete = Fc Psi- Pounds per square inch Class AAA AA A B Fc@28 days 4000 psi (281 kgs/sq.cm) ready mixed concrete 3,500 psi (special) 3000 psi(regular 211 kgs/sq.cm.) 2,500 psi (176 kgs/sq.cm) Ratio 1:2:3 1:2:4 1:2:4 1:2 :5 Cement 11 bags 10 bags 9 bags 8 bags Sand .40 m 3 .41 m 3 .42 m 3 .44 m 3 Gravel .40 m 3 .82 m 3 .84 m 3 .87 m 3

11

For estimate use Example : 3,000 psi Cement Sand Gravel Note: = = = = Total Volume ( Concrete per computations) 35.00 m3 x 9.0 m3 = 315 35.00 m3 x .42 m3 35.00 m3 x .84 m3 = = 14.7 29.40

.50 m 3

1.0 m 3

= 35 cu.m = 315 bags = 15 m3 = 29.40 m3

Use only Local Brand Cement Portland cement Brand : Dragon, Northern Cement, and Island Cement

Get one (1) concrete sample for every 10.00 cu. mts. of concrete during pouring of concrete on 12 concrete cylinder for testing of strength as required for occupancy permit. Capacity of Truck 1 bag of cement = 1 cubic foot Note: pump cute interval of delivery of concrete every 30 min. capacity of truck 4 6.00m Cement Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or dump truck Capacity (bags) 100-200 bags 500 bags Cost

Gravel/ Sand Description 6 wheeler truck 10 wheeler or dump truck Capacity 2-4 m3 12-14 m3 Unit Cost

S-1 White Sand

- for concreting works - for plastering/topping Concrete Mixed

12

For one bag of Cement

= 40 kgs (weight)

Gravel G 1 to 1 gravel for foundations Slab on fill gravel 3/8 to 3/14 for all structural members verify if crushed gravel or washed gravel D. Formworks 1. Estimate form lumber using 2x3/2x4/2x6 coco lumber per total volume of concrete to be used. Estimate first total concrete volume as per guidelines. Coco lumber supplier to order coconut bark, avoid lumber at center 2x3/2x4 2x6 for vertical lateral ties and braces for beam support and footing

cost of coco lumber 12.5 to15.50 per bd. Ft.(jan 06) 2. Normal coco lumber requirements 150 board feet per cubic meter of concrete 1 truckload of coco lumber Ten-wheeler Elf, -1,800 to 2,500 bd. Ft.

-4,000 to 5,000 bd. Ft.

Cost of cocol umber 6.50 to 7.50 per board foot 3. Assorted C.W. Nails C.W. nails C.W. nails C.W. nails C.W. nails Commercial Sizes 1 box = 20-25 kgs (small) 1 box = 30-38 kgs ( large) 1 2 3 4 For scaffoldings

13

Estimate Guide QTY box 50 bd. Ft. =

1 kilo per 50 board foot or lumber / 50 = N o s. of kilos / 25 = No. of

Total board foot

25 or 38 kgs/box

4. Concrete Nails 3 & 4 for CHB filing guide, concrete walls ceiling joist
and cabinet frames. Quantity depends on the actual requirements

NAILS CHART 2D 4D 6D 8D 10 D 20 D CW Nails 1 1 2 2 3 4 Pieces per kilo 1,680 pcs 705 pcs 380 pcs 260 pcs 120 pcs 55 pcs Size 1 1 2 Usage Forms Plywood Forms plywood T & G flooring Ceiling joist Trusses/Rafters Floor Joist Usage ceiling T & G flooring Cabinet frames

Finishing nails

5. PLYWOOD
of is too thin

- Use 3/8 to plywood. Normal market/commercialize

Solve for Contact Surfaces. Columns/Beams/slabs as per plan. See checklist for concrete works. Column Example: 4 sides or Perimeter (.20 + .20 + .40 + .40) x height area required for formsa Beam Example 3 sides (.15 + .40 + .15) x height Slab = Length x Width Summarize all required formworks
area required for formsa

sq.m.

= =

sq.m. Sq.m.

Total Contact Surface in Sq. Mts. Pieces

Nos.

of

14

2.88 or 1.20 x 2.42 Plywood Size of Plywood Required Note : Check if you can use it again if building is large. Small buildings assume as per estimate. Formoil Normally to use USED oil Quantity approximate; 1 ltr. per 15 sq. mts. If steel scaffolding is to be used check rental per day of steel accessories. Verify to supplier. Note : For residential, use good lumber for scaffolding, to be used later for rafters, purlins, ceiling joist, etc. E. Steel Reinforcement/Bars Steel forms rental per piece /day. As per plan

REBARS DESIGNATION American Philippine Yield Point Society for Standard Strength Testing Kgs/ Psi Materials mm2 (ASTM) Structural Grade 24.452 33,000 Grade 230 Intermediate Grade (Grade 40) Grade 60 Grade 275 28.042 40,000

Tensile Strength Kgs/ Psi mm2 39.77 55,000

Usage

48.95

70,000

Grade 410

41.80

60,000

63.22

90,000

For reside ntial only Depen d on structu ral design For highrise buildin g

Standard Length of Bars Feet 20 26 30 35 40

Meter 6.00 m 7.50 m 9.00 m 10.50 m 12.00 m

Most commonly used available in hardware 6.00m Special Length, per order to supplier

15

20 (6.00m) 9mmd, 10mmd, 12mmd 20 and above 16mmd, 20mmd, 25mmd

Commercial Sizes of Rebars Unit weight per meter (Kilos per meter) Cross Secti onal area in sq Inch 0.11 0.12 0.31 0.44 0.79

Nominal Diameters (metric) 8 mm 9 mm (2.3 kgs) 10 mm (standard) 12 mm (standard) 16 mm (standard) 20 mm (standard) 25 mm (standard) 28 mm (standard) 32 mm (standard) Example:

Designation (English) Substandard Commercial Sizes 3/8 #3 #4 5/8 #5 #6 1 #8 1 1/8 #9 1 # 10

0.616 0.888 1.579 2.466 3.854 4.833 6.313

20 pcs 16 mm dia. X 6.00 bars 20 x 1.576 x 6.0 = 189.46 kgs. To get quantity of G.I. wire # 16 a. G.I. wire # 16, through use of Concrete Volume 2 kilograms per cu. m. of concrete 25 30 kilos per roll (Check commercial weight to supplier) b. Estimate thru Rebars 20 kilos of G.I. wire per metric tons 1 metric ton = 10,000 kilos 1 kilo of wire = + 53 linear meter 1 roll = 35-40 kilograms or current commercial kilos per roll = 38 kgs/roll c. G.I. wires for CHB walls 4 chb 10 length of tie wires 5 or 6 chb 12 length of tie wires Spacing of rebars = NO. OF ROLLS

16

Vertical @ 0.60 m. o.c. Horizontal every third layer GI wires Kilos per sq. mts 0.04 Example : Total Area of CHB walls 230 m2 x 0.04 = 9.2 kilos, or 10 kilos of G.I. wire # 16

d. Welding Rods e. Rust Proofing f. Post Tensioning per plan special Construction, quotation per suppliers

Rebars substitution Say 12-16 To 20 mm Reinforcement/Rebars Data How to Determine Bar Splicing Length Type 1. Tension Bars 2. Compression Bars

Minimum Splice Length 25 x bar size +150 mm 20 x bar size + 150 mm

Example : Column 20 mm = 20 x 20 mm + 150 mm Compression = 550 mm or .55 m

NO FOOTING SHALL REST ON FILLING MATERIALS Y spacing of bars 1 @ 0.05 2 @ 0.10 3 @ 0.15 rest @ 0.20 m on center F. Masonry Works

17

Estimating CHB walls 4 chb interior chb partition 6 chb exterior chb partition for buildings 5 chb exterior chb partition for residential Example : A1 = LXH = SQ. M. GROSS AREA A-1 LESS (A-2+ A-3) = SQ. M. NET AREA A-1 = 3.0 X 4.0 = 12.0 SQ.M

A-2 = 1.60 X 1.20 Take note of portion below grade line = 1.68 A-3 = 0.80 X 2.10 = 1.92 A-2 + A-3 = 3.60 A-1 LESS (A-2 + A-3) = 12.00- 3.60 = 8.40 SQ. M. = NET TOTAL AREA FORMULAS 1 cubic foot 0.0285 cu. mts 1 cubic meters 35.28 cu. Feet 1 bag of cement 1 cu. Foot 1. CHB Filler Ratio 1: 3 or 1 part cement to 3 parts sand 4 chb 6 chb Example: 2,200 pcs. 4 chb ----------------------25 88 bags x 0.0855 = Cement 25 pcs. Per bag 20 pieces per bag 88 bags cement Sand 0.0855 cement m3 per bag

7.52: say 8.00 cu. mts. sand

2. CHB Plastering Ratio 1: 2 or 1 part cement to 2 part sand Cement - thk plastering Sand 0.50 bags per sq. m. 0.057 cu. mts per bag

Example:

18

Say,

200 sq. m x 2: both face -------------------------------0.50 = 200 bags cement 200 x 0.057 = 11.4 says, 12 cu.m.

3. CHB Type/ Strength NLB or non load bearing LB or Load Bearing (Jackbuilt), etc. 400-500 psi 700-1000 psi Available in local market Locally available special chb

Note : Verify delivery cost within Metro Manila or outside Metro Manila 4. Floor Topping Class A Mortar 1:2* Per cu.m . Volume 16 bags/cu.m. Sand 0.80 cu.m. Usage For topping, finishing works, tiles, etc. For topping over slab to level flooring after pouring

Class B

1:3**

12 bags/ cu.m.

0.89 cu.m

*1:2 Ratio 1 part cement for every 2 part sand ** 1:3 Ratio 1 part cement for every 3 part sand 5. Rebars for CHB 4 chb 6 chb 10 mm diameter at every 3rd layer horizontal bars 10 mm diameter at 0.80 m vertical bars 12 mm diameter at every third layer horizontal bars 12 mm diameter at 0.80 m. vertical bars : : 4.25 LM per sq.m. of chb 210 sq.m. x 4.25 lm = 892.50 LM --------------------------6.00 m: standard length of bars = 148.75 pieces,

Assume Say

19

say 150 pieces 10 mm dia.x 6.0 m def bars 6. G.I. wire Masonry works Ga # 16 Tie Wire 10 to 12 length. Included in rebars wire computation (see checklist) 7. Firewalls/ Toilets. Floor Topping a. Requirement for waterproofing Sahara Compound 1 pack per bag of cement for plastering of firewalls b. Plaster Board . Assume 5 sq. meters per gallons for floor topping

G.

Steel Trusses. Verify details as per plan. 1. Type of trusses Steel trusses Open Web Rigid Frame

Built Up

2. Checklist for Estimate per Plan. Always verify if roof framing is correct/ economical. Angular Bars Top and bottom chords Web Members Cross Bracing Turnbuckles Baseplate (Thickness) Bolts and nuts Sag rod
Hanger or support for ceiling with bolts

Welding rod Oxygen Acetylene

C Purlins 2 x 4/ 2 x 6 1.5 mm thickness Angular bars for fascia board connection

* Preferable to get quotation from qualified subcontractor Wooden Trusses. Checklist per plan Top Chord/ Bottom Chord Web Members/ Collar Plate/ Struts Wood Plate

20

Girters Fascia Board Tanguile KD S4S Wood Braces Purlins Machine Bolts, nuts and washers Eaves ventilation wood slots with US Aluminum Screen Tension Rod and Sag Rods Special Trusses Fabricated for Low Cost Gang nail/Others

To get board foot of lumber Example: 1 pc 2 x 3 x 16 2 x 3 x 16 12 2 x 5 x 14 12 1.5 x 2 x 14 12 1 pc 8 bf/pc 8 bf 11.66 bf x 6 pcs 58.33 bf 3.50 bf / pc x 6 pcs 21 bf

5 pcs 2 x 5 x 14 6 pcs 1 x 2 x 14

Conversion Factors Cu.ft x 0.02832 Bf ft. x 0.0833 Cu. mts x 35.314 Cu. ft x 2.8317 x 10-2 H. Roofing Works Ordinary Corrugated GI sheet Ga.# 16 Standard Market Sizes Corr. GI sheet Ga # 26 x 32 -do-do-do-do0.30 meters standard overlap

Cu. mts. Cu. ft. Cu. ft. Cu. mts.

Width Standard

Standard Length

7 feet 8 feet 9 feet 10 feet 12 feet

21

11.50 0.70 side lapped 2 or 2 corr.

= =

16.42, say 17 pcs. X 2 side 34 pieces Ga# 26 x 32 x 10 Corr GI sheet 5.40 m. = 18 2 pcs.- 10 length

2.

Plain GI sheet Ga. # 26 x 32 x 8

standard. Solve for flashing and counter flashing for firewalls and parapet. Verify actual plan. 3. G.I. gutter Ga. # 26 x 8 Standard Gutter 4. 5. inside gutter 6. for estimate. 7. a. GI roof nails 3 b. Lead Washer kilos kilos Accessories Others per plan. To include fascia board Special Gutter ( Spanish type) Ridge Rolls x 8 Valley gutter. Verify if outside gutter or

c. GI washer ( medium or thick)- kilo d. GI rivets x 3/16 e. GI strap Ga # 26 f. g. Nicolite Bar Muriatic Acid

22

h. i. j.

Roof Cement ( Vulcanized) Red Oxide or red lead primer Silicon Sealant

For Color roof Verify type to be used. Ask for quotation of supplier. Standard Sizes Brochures Type 1 Rib type long span ; most common for residential Checklist
Ga. # 26 (Thickness)

Width X X X X x 1.040 m 0.610 m 0.610 m 0.610 m 0.915 m X X X X x

Length ___ LM 2.44 2.44 2.44 2.44 Rib Type roof S type gutter V type gutter valley Ridge roll Capping/Flashing

a. 0.40 mm b. 0.40 mm c. 0.40 mm d. 0.40 mm e. 0.40 mm

Accessories a. b. Tek Screw (Metal Screw) 12 pcs per sq m Blind Rivets c. d. e. Silicon Sealant Per tube Touch Up Paint Vulcaseal gallon

Take note of delivery charge Around P 2,000.00 2,500 per trip, within Metro Manila or outside Metro Manila

Order roofing one month in advance. Delivery is 2 3 weeks after order and payment.

Always estimate as per actual plan. Formulas A2 = c2 b2

23

B2 = c2 a2 C2 = a2 + b2 Roofing by area method a. Determine total flat area required L x W + pitch factor solve for linear feet required Roof pitch (Height) meters 0.32 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 b. Verify type of roofing as per plan Tegula 11.50/m Rib type Banaue type Others per brochures or specifications I. Windows as per plan 1. 2. K. Verify if the window jambs are required Checklist on type of windows to be used Jalousie windows 7/32 thk clear or smoked glass Verify if operator type Jalousies with steel grilles or aluminum Grilles with or without design normally grilles shall be 10mm square bar (3/8) or 12 mm square bars (1/2)

Add to total flat area (Percent) 2% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 11% 14% 18% 21%

To compute: L x W= area in m x 10.76 = area in ft

24

Jalousie Windows Specifications Hoover alloy 6063-T-5 Anodized natural Anodized natural color lever type operator with 7/32 clear glass 4 blade

Single control Standard height In meters 4 0.378 5 0.466 6 0.566 7 0.644 8 0.733 9 0.822 10 0.910 11 1.00 Width 12 1.080 Minimum of 0.80 m 13 1.178 14 1.266 15 1.355 16 1.444 17 1.533 18 1.622 19 1.710 20 1.800 21 1.888 22 1.978 23 1.060 Note: verify of aluminum screen for windows is included in contract

Standard No. of blades

L. steel casement windows (casement or awning type)

1/8 x 7/8 or T & 2 mild steel section 1/8 thick clear or smoked glass 12mm square bar grilles with or with out design or as specified aluminum screen if with u frame or detached A= L x H= area in m x 10.76= ft

M. aluminum frame windows (sliding or fixed)

verify if anodized (white), analok (brown) or powder coated

25

7/32 or thick glass bronze or clear glass green or blue

weather strip vinyl (mohair) N. French type windows(wood or steel) 7/32thick glass hinges special locks and bolts

O. Window casing if required on plans(wood or concrete) P. Other special type windows(local or imported) I. Doors and Jambs A 1. Door jambs 4 2 x 6 yakal or quijo 2. Door casings per plan/ mouldings 1x 5 / 1 x 6 3. Wood preservatives solignum or black coal 4. Flush type doors 1.3/4 thick or height per plan 1. Hollow core ordinary both face 2. Hollow core 1 face marine 3. Hollow core both face narra 4. Hollow core with glass for kitchen 5. Narra panel floor solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan 1. Tang. KD panel door solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan 6. 1 louver door for toilets tang. Kd/aluminum, door. 7. metal louver door for pump room, electrical etc. 8. accordion door 1. metal with or with out plates GA # 14 2. wooden accordion

26

9. aluminum doors 1. anodized kawneer finish 2. analok finish 3. with or with out grilles 10. roll-up door 1. metal manually operated/machine operated 11. sliding doors/windows per design 12. aluminum screen doors 13. metal clad doors 14. special doors for vaults B. Accessories

1. 3 x 3 loose butt hinges us or local 2. 3 x 3 double action hinges 3. door track and hanger set 4. lockset per specification-local or imported 5. door closer 6. door bumper and stopper 7. master keys for buildings 2 sets 8. barrel bolts 9. foot bolts / head bolts 10. padlocks 11. peepholes 12. night-latch / privacy lock for toilets

J. Miscellaneous hardware 1. stair nosing- brass or non slip/ carborandum 2. Washington hinges or hettich hinges piano hinges

27

3. closet/cabinets, handles and pulls roller catches an magnetic catches 4. finishing nails and concrete nails 5. railing for stairs K. Thermal and moisture protection 1. vapor barrier polyethylene sheet 4 width - > 7.8 m/kgs. 107.8 kgs. Per roll 2. Sahara cement 1 pack per bag of cement for firewall plastering 3. ceiling insulation (thickness to verify)1 roll = 5 x 15mts 1. sisalation or aluminum foil 2. fiberglass 3. styropor boards 4. cauling and sealants 5. fireproofing materials 1. elastomeric 2. membrane 3. asphalt (hard) 30kgs. / bags note : guarantee 5 to 10 yrs preparation and cleaning of surface before application L. Carpentry works A. WALLS a. Vertical & horizontal studs 2x3 / 2x4 S4S b. Plywood panel - per plan ord. Or narra c. Baseboards 1x6 with or without design d. C.W, Nails 2" and finishing nails 1 " e. Concrete nails 3"I rat proofing PLN GI SHT 1. Ordinary or narra or marine for ext. 2. Danarra 1 tempered lawanit

28

3. 5-cut KD LBR 4. Wood lattice with design 2.Wooden Post 4"x4" per plan Post strap - 3116 x 1 1/2x 24" 3. Special Walls - Corkboard

B. CEILING WORKS 1. 2x2 Apitong RO or S4S @ 0140 x0.60 / 140 x 140 Ordinary or treated - Wolmanized tanalized 2. 2x3 / 2x4 Runner 3. Hanger 1/2 " PLN Round bar with thread and nuts 4. Concrete Nails 5. Exterior Ceiling a. 1x1TANGKDWoodSlats b. 1/4" x 4' Screen wire (welded) c. 1x2 Frame 6. Ceiling niouldings size Per plan Ordinary - 1" to 1 112," to 3" special design 7. False beam per design

8. T and G or S-cut for ceiling 9. Cover lights " - 1/4 plywood Acrylic diffusers .30 x 1.20 / .60 x 1.20 per plan

10. Special ceiling design a. Mirror b. architectural Glass c. Acoustic board - T runner C. FLOORING 1. Wood girter and corbel plates

29

2. Machine bolts with nuts and washer 3. Floor Joist Apitong Ro 4. T and G Flooring a. Sanding of T & 0 b. Wood Filler and Paints D. CLOSETS & HANGING CABINETS PER DESIGN 1. Plywood 2. Hardwares - drawer slides / handles / hinges 3. Weldwood glue 4. Hanger rod and bracket 5. Drawer locks / bolt 6. Secret drawer

E. HANGING CABINETS 1. Bar counter per design 2. Kitchen Hanging cabinet F. WOODeN STAIRS 1. Handrails 3x8 narra or guijo S45 2. Riw 3. Threads 4. Balusters 5. Flat bars and screw G. KITCHEN COUNTERS PER DESIGN 1. Wood / Concrete a. Frame 2x3 b. Plywood 3/4 c. Cabinet louver door d. Formica top / Adhesives f. Tiles inside counter white

30

2. Marble/Granite tiles a. Countertop 1 b. Splashboard 4" to 6"

A. Area method 1. board ft of studs / m @ 0.60 m.o.c.b.w. 2. 2 x 3 5.38 bf/m 3. 2 x 4 - 7.30 bf/m B. wooden partition 1. 2 x 3 9 bf/m 2. 2 x 4 12bf/m

C. ceiling plywood joist

1. 2 x 2 @0.60m o.c b.w = 7bf/m 2. 2 x 2 @ 0.40 m o.c. b.w.=9bf/m D. plywood ceiling by sheet method (bf/sheet) @0.60 B.W. 2x2 12bf/sheet 2x3 18bf/sheet 2x4 24bf/sheet E. T & G flooring / V-cut @0.60 & 0.40 15bf/sheet 22bf/sheet 30bf/sheet @0.40 18 bf 27bf 36 bf

Nos. of T&G/meter run 1x4 1x6 F. G. H. C. W. nails Usage Floor joist Flooring V/H studs Unit 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 Required kilos 10.35 14.34 10.43 12.11 pcs. 7.70 pcs.

Bf/m 13.85 13.20

Size 4 2 2

Kind CWN f CWN

31

Rafters/Purlins Trusses Facia BD Ceiling joist

Plywood ceiling Baseboard scaffolding I. Bolts

bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 1000 bf 8 pcs. 1000 bf 1000 bf

18.38 7.93 9.57 16.30 12.93 1.00 6.08 25.00

4 4 2 2 4 1 1 3 4

CWN CWN CWN CWN f f CWN CWN CWN

Wooden columns

bolt length L = w + 2(t) 1 Example: L = 4 + 2 (3 ) 1 =4+5 = 9 bolts take note of commercial sizes of lumber J. Trusses L = thickness of lumber in layer + 1

32

FLOOR JOIST (WASTE FACTOR & BRIDGING CONSIDERED) Per m method 2 x 6 2 x 8 2 x 10 Girter, corbel; plate by direct count Spacing @ 0.30 O.C. 16.10bf/m 21.33bf/m 26.73bf/m

M. Specialty roofing Verify discount for Archt.

A. SHIN YEE METALGA # 0.40 /GA # 0.50mm 1. length maximum or 60 feet 2. width = 30 (760mm) 3. minimum roof 3% B. accessories 1. gutter with design 0.50 x 0.914x_______ 2. ridge roll 0.40mm x 0.577x________ 3. ridge wall flushing 0.40m x 0.577m x 3.30m 4. end flushing 5. End flushing wall 6. counter flushings 7. Counter nails 8. blinds rivets 1/8 9. type 17 self drilling screw no. 12x2 (50mm) 10. tek screw #10x1/8

33

11. wire basket strainer 12. silicon rubber sealant / acrylic paints C. for walls spandrel 1. Rib 2. Plain 3. V spandrel N. Downspouts, catch basins, manholes, septic tank and cistern tank A. Downspouts 1. 3 or 4 per plan 2. 1/8 x _______PVC bend 3. x_______PVC bend 4. PVC coupling 5. epoxy and PVC cement B. catch basins/ drainage per plan 1. .4 to 10 concrete pipe x1.00 non-reinforced or reinforced 2. perforated PVC pipe for basement walls 3. cement 4. sand 5. gravel 6. steel grating if required angular bars C. manholes for electrical or plumbing *Concreting for embedded electrical and PCBG Lines O. Finishes

A. Walls- exterior and interior

1. plain cement finish 2. tooled finish (plaster) 3. patch on joints B. synthetic adobe / adobe rubble finish

34

1. with or without shells 2. with or with out grooves 3. color scheme C. pebble or boracay washout bohol or ordinary 1. white or ordinary cement 2. size #5, 10, 15 D. anay finish 1. with pebbles 2. fissured finish E. bricks tiles finish / cal-tiles F. mactan stone 2x8 G. marble tiles 4x8 / 6x12 etc Bulacan or Romblon H. wall tiles 4x8 1. colored or white 4 x 4 2. with or without design 6x6 / 8 x 8 3. white cement 350 pcs/kilo 4. tile adhesive I. marble ashlar finish 2x8 1. flooring per plan a. plain cement finish or colored red green cement 1:2 5 m / kilo b. marble tiles c. vinyl tiles 1.5mm thick x 1x 1 3.6mm thick x 1x1 Adhesive: gallons per m x 0.042 = gallons d. stone inlay finish 2 to 3 e. wood parquet per design sanding f. mosaic tile 1 x 1

g. narra wood planks 1 x 6 to 8 nailers/insulation/c. winnails

35

h. floor tiles 4 x 8 6 x 6 i. j.

class a or class b colored light or dark

terrazzo finish or marble chips washout others per design

2. Ceiling Finishes a. acoustic boards with or without design aluminum T-runner/if plywood with adhesives b. 1 x 4 t&g c. S-cut or v-cut finish 1x6

d. Acrytex finish e. Mirror f. False beams

3. FLOOR FINISHES verify specs & Plan 4 tiles 86 pcs. Per sq. m white cement 0.80 kilo/m or 250 pcs. / kilo cement 0.076 bags /m cement tiles: Tiles/m x 6 x 6 45 pcs, 1 x 8 x 8 25 pcs. 1 x 10 x 10 16 pcs. Vinyl adhesive x gals /m x 0.042 = Or 200 pcs. Per gallon = P. Grille works A. Fence grilles with or with out design to square bars or 1 x flat bars B. gate with mailbox GA # 16 or per design C. window grilles ordinary or pregnant grilles D. fire escape ladder Cement Bag/m 0.3375 0.3400 0.3400 Sand M/m 0.019 0.019 0.019

36

E. air con frames / manhole cover F. open court grilles flat bars and angular bars G. stair railings with design H. cyclone or interlink wire G.I pipes/ Welding rod I. others per plan brass nosing for stair / screws

Q. Electrical works Note : if floor plan has no electrical layout

Assumption
Residential Commercial Industrial 1. Get total nos. of C.O. outlet x unit cost 2. Get total nos. of ceiling outlet x unit cost R. Add 30% of 1 & 2 for load center and panel boards 1. Add 40% of 2 for lighting fixtures 2. Add 15% of 1 & 2 for wiring devices 3. add 12% of 1 & 2 for fire alarm 4. add 12% of 1 & 2 for telephone 5. add 10% of 1 & 2 for music and paging system 6. add 8% of 1 to 8 for miscellaneous and contingencies note: verify MeRalCo / PLDT for tapping 1. Transformer Nos. of c.o 0.38/m 0.42/m 0.60/m Nos. of light outlet 0.18/m 0.22/m 0.40/m

37

2. Tel. House cable 3. Single phase or three phase ELECTRICAL COMPUTATIONS: SINGLE PHASE Total load x 80% demand factor = LOAD FOR 110 / 220V C.O. x 0.75 A =__________total amps

Ground Wire size =TOTAL LOAD WIRE 3 or 75% if lights & C.O. ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATION (STANDARD) # OF WATTS PER UNIT 180watts200watts 20 watts 40 watts 100 watts 150 watts 1,980 watts 2,200 watts 2,640 watts 1,000 watts 8,000 watts AMPERE LOAD

DESCRIPTION

WIRE English TW # 12 TW # 14 TW # 14 TW # 14 TW # 14 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 08 TW # 10 TW # 10 TW # 10

SIZE Metric 3.5mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 2.0mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm 8.00mm

Convenience Outlets Lights: Fluorescent Lights Halogen lights Incandescent Track lights Air con unit 1.0 HP 1.5 HP 2.0 HP Water heater SPO Range outlet Water pump HP 1HP Electric stove

20A 15A 15A 15A 15A 30A 30A 30A 30A 40A / 50A

880 watts 1,780 watts 2,000 watts

5.50mm 5.50mm 5.50mm

30A 30A 30A

38

Chandelier Refrigerator Freezer Washing machine Dryer Jacuzzi 1 HP Water heater centralized

1,000 watts 320 watts 200 watts 585 watts 3,000 watts 6,000 watts

AWG 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 1 0 00 3/0 4/0 250 300 400 500 650 750 1000

Ampacity Of Conductors solid stranded mm TW THW IN. For stereo 2.0 3.5 5.5 8.0 14.0 22 30 38 50 60 80 100 125 150 200 250 325 400 500 wire 15 20 30 40 55 70 90 100 120 135 160 185 210 240 280 315 370 405 445 15 20 30 45 65 85 110 125 145 160 195 200 255 280 330 375 435 485 540 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 4

Conduit mm

15 20 20 20 25 32 32 40 50 50 50 65 65 65 80 90 90 100 100

ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATIONS (RESIDENTIAL) CKT NOS. 1 2 LIGHTS 10 9 SW 11 9 OTHER LOAD VOLTS 220 220 WATTS 1,000 900 AMPS 4.54 4.09

39

3 4 5 6 7 8

6 5 11 2 1-SPO 1-SPO Stove 3 KW Bell or buzzer

220 220 220 220 220 220

600 1,000 2,200 400 3,000 50 Total

2.72 4.54 10.00 1.81 13.63 0.22 41.55 A

Computations: TOTAL FLOOR AREA = 135m 135m @ 24 W / SW Small Appliance load 6,240 W First 3,000 W @ 100% DF Renaming 3,240 W @ 35% DF 4,134 W 4,134 220 V = 18.79 A 13.63 0.22 A = 32.64 A 3,000 W 1,134 W 3,240 W 3,000 W

1 Electric stove 3W 1 Buzzer IT

Use 2 # 14.0 mm THW wire in 25 mmd RSC 4.55 A / 65 A Watts = Volts x Ampere Ampere = watts Volts 1 horsepower = 746 watts volts = volt ampere W=EI I= W V

CARRIER AIR CONDITION MODEL NOS WC 90 RCY BTV/HR 9,000 HORSE POWER 1 hp Suggested room space Up to 18 m

40

WC 120 RCY WC 120 RCY WC 150 RCY WC 180 RCY

12,000 12,000 15,000 18,000

1 hp 1 hp 1 hp 2 hp

18 to 24 m 18 to 24 m 24 to 30 m 30 to 36 m

Cabinet Dimension H (40mm) x (w) 658 mm Split type air con /package = 20m / tons B. Rough- in 1. PVC pipes a. to 3 SCH. 40 Neltex, Atlanta, super b. PVC cement c. PVC coupling to 3

d. PVC Elbow to 3 2. RSC pipe and fitting per plan/brand Maru ichi ,setsuyo a. 3/4 to 3 entrance / up to panel verify b. RSC elbow c. RSC coupling

d. LB /LR e. Entrance cup f. Locknuts and bushing

3. secondary rack power and telephone 4. Solderless connector Angle connector Straight connector 5. RSC conduit clamp 6. metal moulding 7. circular loam to 8. THW, THHN, TW wires solid or stranded 9. G.I. k#16 guide wires 150 LM/roll

41

10. P.D. jacketed telephone wires #22/3 flat cord 11. BX wire #12/2 / #123/2 / #8/2 12. Intercom wires 13. telephone steel cabinets GA # 16 or GA #18 telephone cable wires for 3 storey building 14. pull box (steel ) per plan 15. wire gutter per plan (distribution panel) 16. utility box local or imprinted, plastic or metal GA #16 -#18 17. junction box 4 x 4 18. 4 11/6 x 4 11/16 square box with and K.O. 19. PVC Tape or rubber tapes 20. Wiring devices

a. Switches National , Veto or Mikosha

Flush mounted a. One gang switch with cover complete b. Two gang switch with cover complete c. Three gang switch with cover complete

d. Three way switch e. Dimmer switch b. Convenience outlets ordinary duplex a. Weather proof outlet b. Water heater c. Floor c. outlet

d. Range outlet e. Air con outlet f. c. Microwave oven outlet

Door bell and buzzer /chime

d. Telephone outlet cover

42

e. Blank cover f. Fire alarm bell and station

g. Intercom set band- air phone h. Smoke detectors i. j. k. Camera monitor CATV antenna Winegard w/ splitter, booster an accessories Lighting panel Flush-type or flush mounted enclosure circuit breaker l. plug in or bolt-on

Safety switch

m. Double throw switch emergency generator n. AVR automatic voltage regulator o. Emergency lights. p. Lighting fixtures Note: most often owner supplied materials installation done by contractor

q. Lighting arrester Verify Brand

S. Plumbing works A. Cold water consumption Type of building Residence average Residence average Apartment low rent Apartment high rent Hotels Office buidings gallons/person/day 50 100 75 100 100 25

MWSS WATER METER TAPPING

43

Size of 1 1 1 2

Nos. of units per connection 1-2 3-5 6-9 10-15 16-32 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-11

1-2 3 4

1-2 3 4

1-2 3

B. Rough in 1. PVC pipes and fittings S-40 2. Cast iron pipes and fittings C. Checklist PVC PIPES OR OTHER TYPES 1. Pipes x 10 length 2. Cast iron x 5 (length) 3. WYE 4. TEE 5. Double TEE 6. bend 7. 1/8 bend 8. P-trap with or without clean out hole 9. coupling 10. Double WYE 11. Tap Tee 12. PVC cement 13. Lead sheet 14. Epoxy A and B set 15. PLBG. Oakum D. Waterlines: Check hot or cold lines 1. GI pipe and fittings local or japan 1. - 12mm

44

2. - 15mm 3. 1 25mm 4. 1 32mm 2. Fittings 1. GI elbow 2. St. Elbow 3. TEE 4. Union Patente 5. TEE reducer 6. GI bushing 7. GI nipple 3. Water tank fittings per plan 4. septic tank and cistern tank

V= L x W x H x 264 gals.= Cu. Meter Septic tank design standard (minimum) National Plumbing Code Nos. of persons Inside depth of chamber Served Depth Width Length 10+5 1.20 1.10 1.80 20 1.20 1.25 2.50 25 1.20 1.40 2.80 30 1.30 1.50 3.00 35 1.30 1.60 3.20 40 1.40 1.65 3.30 45 1.40 1.75 3.50 50 1.50 1.80 3.60 60 1.50 1.95 3.80 70 1.50 2.00 4.00 80 1.60 2.20 4.40 90 1.80 2.30 4.60 100 1.80 2.50 5.00 Note: leaching well is aproximately of volume of digestion chamber Capacity of cylindrical tanks Diameter 2 x 0.7854 x length = volume If cubic feet x 7.4805 = nos. of gallons

45

1. Cement 2. Sand 3. Gravel 4. Forms 5. 4 tiles (white)

5. Water heater 6. Shower values and heads 1. Single shower valve 2. Three valve diverter 7. Lavatory centerset faucet 8. Kitchen sink faucet 9. hosebibb faucet with or without HB 10. Gate valves 11. Angle valves / check velves 12. Siamese twin (fire hydrant) 3x2 x2 2x2x2 13. Fire hose cabinet with F. extinguisher 14. Water meters main, branches Note verify MWSS tapping of waterline to building 15. Accessories 1. floor drain/ strainer 2. roof drain 3. grease traps 4. drinking fountain and other per plan 5. special equipment 16. PLUMBING FIXTURES Verify Specs 1. waterclosets

46

2. lavatories 3. bidet 4. urinals 5. kitchen sink 6. bathtub 7. soap holder 8. paperholder 9. toilet 10. dispenser 11. shampoo & tooth brush holder 12. towel bar 13. mirror 14. medicine cbinet 15. curtain rods

T. Painting works A. Painting works

47

1. Masonry Surfaces latex 2. finishes washout and others repellent 3. wood surfaces cabinets/ closets/ceiling/walls 4. wood preserver 5. steel windows/ grilles qde 6. varnish 7. automotive lacquer finish 8. natural oil finish 9. special finishes 1. acre cast 2. spraytex 3. Alladin finish 10. roofing Portland cement paintor Acrylic Paint B. Overhead/ Contingencies note: contractors tax

insurance permits locational clearances power and water for construction barangay clearance

Updated Jan 12, 2006 FOR RESEARCH & IMPROVEMENTS

48