GV.

NGUYEN TAN TRUNG (Trung Tam Luyen Thi Chat Lng Cao VNH VIE

Can nh Cong thc viet phan ng nhiet luyen

 H2 CO Oxit KL A + Al C

to

 H 2O CO2 KL A + Al2O3 CO2;CO

ieu kien KL A phai ng sau Al trong day hoat ong hoa hoc BeKetop Al (K, Na, Ca, Mg, , Mn, Zn, Cr, Fe, ) V du: o tpCu + CO CuO + CO 2 o t MgO + CO p Khong p ( v Mg ng trc Al

Bai tap ap dung 1 Kh het 6,4 gam MxOy , thay can 2,688 lit CO (kc) Tm Giai cong thc cua oxit ? nCO = 2,688/ 22,4 = 0,12 (mol) to x M + yCO2 (1) P: MxOy + y CO p (Mx +16y) y 0,12mol 6,4gam Theo (1) co: x + 16 y M y

6,4 0,12 M = 37,33. y/x = 18,67. 2y/x 3 2 2y/x 1 37,33 56 M 18,67 Fe Chon: 2y/x = 3 M = 56 M : Fe oxit: Fe2O3
Vi 2y/x la hoa tr M

Ap dung 2: (HKTCN-2000)

Dan CO d qua ong s nung nong cha 21,6 g hon hp: MgO, Fe3O4 . Sau p thu c m gam ran va hh kh. Dan het kh vao dd Ca(OH)2 d , thay co 14 gam ket tua. Tnh m?

Tom tat ap dung 2:

MgO+ CO (d) Fe3O4 to CO2 CO ddCa(OH)2 d 14 gam ket tua

m g ran

21,6 gam

m=?

Tom tat ap dung 2:

MgO + CO (d) Fe3O4 21,6 gam m=? to CO2 CO ddCa(OH)2 d 14 gam ket tua m g ran

so mol CO2 = hang so

Can thay : CO khong p vi ddCa(OH)2

Tnh lng CO2:

CO2 CO ddCa(OH)2 d 14 gam ket tua

Theo e ta co ket tua la CaCO3 la: so mol ket tua CaCO3 bang 14/100 = 0 Ta co phan ng tao ket tua: CO2 + Ca(OH)2 p CaCO3q + H2O (1)
0,14 mol 0,14 mol Vay: so mol CO2 bang

0,14 mol

Tom tat ap dung 2: MgO Fe3O4 21,6 gam m=? + CO (d) to m g ran MgO Fe

CO2

0,14 mol

Mg ng trc Al, nen MgO khong p va Hieu suat p at 100%, nen Fe Chuyen het thanh Fe

Sai sot cua th sinh : MgO p thanh Mg

Tom tat ap dung 2: MgO Fe3O4 + CO (d) to m g ran MgO Fe

CO2

21,6 gam m=? mMgO mFe

0,14 mol
m Fe3O4 p nFe

Tom tat ap dung 2: m g ranMgO MgO + CO (d) Fe to Fe3O4 CO

2

21,6 gam m=? mMgO mFe

0,14 mol
m Fe3O4 nFe
p

Theo e ta co P:
0,035 mol

Fe3O4 + 4 CO p 3 Fe + 4 CO2 (2)

0,105 mol 0,14 mol m Fe3O4 = 8,12 mMgO = 21,6 8,12

Theo (2)

mFe= 5,88

Tom tat ap dung 2: m g ranMgO MgO + CO (d) Fe to Fe3O4 CO

2

21,6 gam m=? Theo e ta co P:

0,035 mol

0,14 mol

Fe3O4 + 4 CO p 3 Fe + 4 CO2 (2)

0,105 mol 0,14 mol

m Tom lai ta co: MgO = 13,48 m = 13,48+5,8 8 mFe= 5,88

Vay: m = 19,36 gam

hhA

Tom tat ap dung 2: m gam MgO + CO (d) Fe3O4 to

ran

CO2
0,14 mol

21,6 gam m=?

Neu th sinh kheo nhn, th se thay: Bai nay con 2 cach giai nhanh hn nhieu !

hhA

Tom tat ap dung 2: m gam MgO + CO (d) Fe3O4 to

ran

CO2

21,6 gam m=?

0,14 mol

Theo e ta de dang thay bai toan tren co 4 t

LBTKL

hhA

Tom tat ap dung 2: m gam MgO + CO (d) Fe3O4 to

ran

CO2

21,6 gam m=?

0,14 mol

Theo e ta co s o hp thc:

hhA + CO p Ran + CO2 (1)

0,14 mol Theo (1), LBTKL co: 0,14 mol

m hhA + m CO p m Ran +m CO2

hhA

Tom tat ap dung 2: m gam MgO + CO (d) Fe3O4 to

ran

CO2

21,6 gam m=?

0,14 mol

hhA + CO p Ran + CO2 (1)

0,14 mol Theo (1), LBTKL co:
m Ran =

0,14 mol

m hhA + m CO p m Ran +m CO2 21,6 + 0,14.28 0,14. 44 = 19, 36 g

Ap dung 3:

Dan CO d qua ong s nung nong cha 21,6 g hon hp: CuO, Fe2O3 .gian Sau mot thi Sau mot thi gian thu c m gam ran va hh kh. Dan het kh vao dd Ca(OH)2 d , thay co 14 gam ket tua. Tnh m?

Hieu suat thng < 100%

LBTKL