http://vatlylamdong.

com/
1
Bi 1: IN TCH _ NH LUT COULOMB
I.CU HI GIO KHOA:
1) in tch im l g?
2) Pht biu nh lut Coulomb.
3) Hng s in mi ca 1 cht cho ta bit iu g?
4) C 2 vt kch thc nh, nhim in y nhau. Cc in tch trn mi vt c du nh th no?
5) C 4 vt A, B, C, D kch thc nh, nhim in. Bit rng vt A ht vt B nhng y vt C. Vt C
ht vt D. Hi vt D ht hay y vt B?
6) Hy nu s khc nhau gia nhim in do tip xc v do hung ng.
7) Nu nhng im ging v khc nhau gia nh lut Coulomb v nh lut vn vt hp dn.
II.BI TP:
1.Hai qu cu nh mang in tch c ln bng nhau, t cch nhau 10cm trong chn khng th tc
dng ln nhau 1 lc l 9.10
-3
N. Xc nh in tch ca hai qu cu . S: q
1
= q
2
= 10
-7
C
2.Hai in tch im tri du c cng ln
1
3
10
-4
C t cch nhau 1 m trong parafin c in mi bng 2
th chng ht nhau mt lc bng bao nhiu? S: 5N
3.Hai qu cu nh c in tch 10
-7
C v 4.10
-7
. Tc dng vo nhau lc 0,1 N trong chn khng. Tnh
khang cch gia chng S: 6cm
4.Hai in tch im t cch nhau 100 cm trong parafin c hng s in mi bng 2 th tng tc vi
nhau bng lc 8N. Nu chng c t cch nhau 50cm trong chn khng th tng tc nhau bng lc c
ln bao nhiu? S: 64N
5.a/ Tnh lc ht tnh in gia ht nhn trong nguyn t Heli vi mt electron trong lp v nguyn t.
Cho rng electron ny nm cch ht nhn 2,94.10
-11
m
b/ Nu electron ny chuyn ng trn u quanh ht nhn vi bn knh qu o nh cho trn
th tc gc s l bao nhiu?
c/ So snh lc ht tnh in vi lc hp dn gia ht nhn v electron
in tch ca electron: -1,6.10
-19
C Khi lng ca ht nhn Heli: 6,65.10
-27
kg
Khi lng ca electron: 9,1.10
-31
kg Hng s hp dn: 6,67.10
-11
m
3
/kg.s
2
S: a/ 5,33.10
-7
N b/ 1,41.10
17
Rad/s c/ 1,14.10
39
N
6.Hai in tch im c ln bng nhau c t trong khng kh cch nhau 12cm. Lc tng tc gia
hai in tch bng 10N. t hai in tch vo trong du v a chng cch nhau 8cm th lc tng
tc gia chng vn bng 10N. Hi ln ca cc in tch v hng s in mi ca du bng bao nhiu?
S: |q| = 4.10
-6
C ; E = 2,25
7.Cho 2 qu cu nh trung ha in t trong khng kh, cch nhau 40cm. Gi s c 4.10
12
electron t qu
cu ny di chuyn sang qu cu kia. Hi khi 2 qu cu ht hay y nhau? Tnh ln ca lc . Cho
bit in tch ca electron bng -1,6.10
-19
C . S: 2,3.10
-2
N
8.C 2 git nc ging nhau, mi git nc cha 1 electron d. Hi bn knh ca mi git nc bng bao
nhiu, nu lc tng tc in gia 2 git bng lc hp dn gia chng? Cho bit hng s hp dn G =
6,67.10
-11
Nm
2
/kg
2
v khi lng ring ca nc p = 1000kg/m
3
S: 76m
9.Hai ht mang in tch bng nhau chuyn ng khng ma st dc theo trc xx trong khng kh. Khi 2
ht ny cch nhau r = 2,6cm th gia tc ca ht 1 l a
1
= 4,41.10
3
m/s
2
, ca ht 2 l a
2
= 8,40.10
3
m/s
2
, khi
lng ca ht 1 l m
1
= 1,6mg. B qua lc hp dn hy tm
a/ in tch ca mi ht
b/ Khi lng ca ht 2 S: a/ 2,3.10
-8
C ; b/0,84mg
10.Mt qu cu khi lng 10g, c treo vo 1 si ch cch in. Qu cu mang in tch q
1
= 0,1C.
a qu cu th 2 mang in tch q
2
li gn th qu cu th nht lch khi v tr ban u, dy treo hp vi
ng thng ng gc = 30
o
. Khi 2 qu cu trn cng mt mt phng nm ngang v cch nhau 3cm.
Hi ln in tch q
2
v lc cng si dy? Ly g = 10m/s
2
S: 0,058C ; 0,115N
11.Ti 3 nh A, B, C ca 1 tam gic u c 3 in tch q
A
= 2,0C ; q
B
= 8,0C ; q
C
= -8,0C. Cnh ca
tam gic bng 0,15m. Hy v vect tc dng ln q
A
v tnh ln ca lc . S:6,4N
12. Cho 2 in tch im q
1
= - q
2
= 4.10
-8
C, t ti A v B cch nhau 8cm trong khng kh. Xc nh lc
tc dng ln in tch im q = 2.10
-9
C khi q t ti :
a/ Trung im O ca AB
http://vatlylamdong.com/
2
b/ M sao cho AM = 8cm ; BM = 6cm
c/ N sao cho AN = BN = 4\2cm
d/ P sao cho AP = 6cm ; BP = 10cm
S: a/ 9.10
-4
N b/ (27/32).10
-4
N c/ (9/4) 2 .10
-4
N d/ 0,9.10
-4
N
13. Hai qu cu kim lai nh nh nhau mang cc in tch q
1
, q
2
t trong khng kh cch nhau R = 2cm,
y nhau bng lc F
1
= 2,7.10
-4
N. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc nhau ri li a v v tr c. Chng y nhau
bng lc F
2
= 3,6.10
-4
N. Tnh q
1,
q
2
S: 6.10
-9
C ; 2.10
-9
C
14.Cho 2 qu cu nh ging ht nhau, t cch nhau 1 an r = 10cm trong khng kh. u tin hai qu
cu ny tch in tri du, chng ht nhau vi lc F
1
= 1,6.10
-2
N. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc nhau ri li a
ra v tr c th thy chng y nhau vi lc F
2
= 9.10
-3
N. Tm in tch mi qu cu lc u.
S: 0,67.10
-7
C ; 2,67.10
-7
C
15.Hai qu cu nh ging nhau bng kim loi c khi lng 5g, c treo vo cng 1 im O bng 2 si
ch khng dn di 10cm. Hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau. Tch in cho 1 qu cu th thy 2 qu cu y
nhau cho n khi 2 dy treo hp vi nhau 1 gc 60. Tnh in tch m ta truyn cho cc qu cu. Ly
g = 10m/s
2
S: q ~ 3,58.10
-7
C
16.Hai qu cu kim loi nh, ging ht nhau, cha cc in tch cng du q
1
v q
2
, c treo vo chung 1
im O bng 2 si ch mnh, khng dn, di bng nhau. Hai qu cu y nhau v gc gia 2 dy treo l
60. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc vi nhau, ri th ra th chng y nhau mnh hn v gc gia 2 dy treo by
gi l 90. Tnh t s q
1
/q
2
S: 11,77 v 0,085
17.Cho 2 in tch dng q
1
= q v q
2
= 4q t c nh trong khng kh cch nhau 1 khong a = 30cm. Phi
chn in tch q
o
nh th no v t u n cn bng. S: 10cm ; du v ln q
o

18.Hai in tch q
1
= 2.10
-8
C ; q
2
= - 8.10
-8
C t ti A v B trong khng kh AB = 8cm. Mt in tch q
o

t ti C. Hi :
a/ C u q
o
cn bng ;
b/ Du v ln q
o
c q
1
, q
2
cn bng. S:CA=8cm ; q
o
=8.10
-8
C
19.Lm li bi 18 vi q
1
=2.10
-8
C ; q
2
= 1,8.10
-7
C
S: CA= 2cm ; q
o
= 1,12.10
-17
C
20.Ti 4 nh ca 1 hnh vung c 4 in tch t c nh, trong c 2 in tch dng, 2 in tch m.
ln ca 4 in tch bng nhau v bng 1,5C. H in tch nm trong nc c c = 81 v c
sp xp sao cho lc tc dng ln cc in tch u hng vo tm hnh vung. Hi cc in tch c sp
xp nh th no v ln ca lc tc dng ln mi in tch l bao nhiu?
S: 0,023N
21.Ti 4 nh ca 1 hnh vung c 4 in tch im q = 1C v ti tm hnh vung c in tch im q
o
.
H 5 in tch nm cn bng. Hi du v ln ca in tch q
o
? S: - 0,96C
22. mi nh hnh vung cnh a c t in tch Q=10
-8
C. Xc nh du v ln in tch q t tm
hnh vung c h cn bng . S: q= -(Q/4)(2\2 +1)
23.Hai qu cu nh ging nhau, cng khi lng m, tch in q c treo ti cng 1 im bng 2 si dy
mnh chiu di l. Do lc y tnh in 2 qu cu tch ra xa nhau 1 on a= 3cm. Xc nh gc lch ca
cc si dy so vi phng thng ng. p dng bng s: m= 0,1kg ; q= 10
-8
C ; g=10m/s
2
.
S: 45
24.Hai qu cu nh cng khi lng m = 0,6g c treo trong khng kh bng 2 si dy nh cng chiu
di = 50cm vo cng 1 im. Khi 2 qu cu nhim in ging nhau, chng y nhau v cch nhau 1
khong R= 6cm.
a/ Tnh in tch mi qu cu. Ly g= 10m/s
2
.
b/ Nhng h thng vo ru tylic (c= 27). Tnh khong cch R

gia 2 qu cu, b qua lc y

Acsimet. Cho bit khi gc nh sin ~ tan S: a/ 12.10
-9
C ; b/ 2cm
25.Hai qu cu kim loi nh ging nhau, mi qu c in tch q, khi lng m= 10g treo bi 2 dy cng
chiu di = 30cm vo cng 1 im. Gi qu cu th nht c nh theo phng thng ng, dy treo qu
th hai s lch gc = 60 so vi phng thng ng. Tm q . S: 10
-6
C
26.Hai qu cu nh khi lng ging nhau treo vo 1 im bi 2 dy di = 20cm. Truyn cho 2 qu cu
in tch tng cng q= 8.10
-7
C, chng y nhau, cc dy treo hp thnh gc o = 90. Cho g = 10m/s
2

a/ Tm khi lng mi qu cu.
http://vatlylamdong.com/
3
b/ Truyn thm cho 1 qu cu in tch q

, 2 qu cu vn y nhau nhng gc gia 2 dy treo

gim cn 60. Tnh q

. S: a/ 1,8g ; b/ - 2,85.10
-7
C

27.Hai qu cu nh bng kim loi ging nhau, treo trn 2 si dy di vo cng 1 im, c tch in
bng nhau v cch nhau 1 an a = 5cm. Cham nh tay vo 1 qu cu. Tnh khong cch gia chng sau
. S: 3,15cm
28.Mt qu c khi lng ring D, bn knh R, tnh in m q c treo vo u 1 si dy di . Ti
im treo c t 1 in tch m q
o
. Tt c t trong du c khi lng ring d v hng s in mi c. Tnh
lc cng ca si dy treo. p dng hng s: q= q
o
= -10
-6
C ; R= 1cm ; = 10cm ; c= 3 ; g = 10m/s
2
;
d=0,8.10
3
kg/m
3
; D = 9,8.10
3
kg/m
3
S: 0,68N
29.Hai qu cu nh ging nhau c cng khi lng m, bn knh R, in tch q, c treo vo 2 si dy
mnh c chiu di bng nhau trong khng kh. Do lc y tnh in, cc si dy lch theo phng ng 1
gc o . Nhng 2 qu cu vo trong du c hng s in mi c = 2, ngi ta thy gc lch ca mi si dy
vn l o. Tm khi lng ring D ca qu cu. Bit khi lng ring ca du d=0,8.10
3
kg/m
3
.
S: 1,6.10
3
kg/m
3

30.Cho bit trong 22,4l kh hydro 0C v di p sut 1atm th c 2.6,02.10
23
nguyn t hydro. Mi
nguyn t hydro gm 2 ht mang in l prtn v electron. Hy tnh tng cc in tch dng v m
trong 1cm
3
kh hydro. S: 8,6C
31.Cho 2 qu cu kim loi nh, ging nhau, nhim in v cch nhau 20cm. Lc ht ca 2 qu cu bng
1,2N. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc vi nhau ri li tch chng ra n khong cch nh c th chng y nhau
vi lc y bng lc ht. Hi in tch lc u ca mi qu cu ?
32.Mt qu cu khi lng 10 g, c treo vo mt si ch cch in. Qu cu th nht mang in tch
q
1
= 0,1 C . a qu cu th 2 mang in tch q
2
li gn th qu cu th nht lch khi v tr lc u, dy
treo hp vi ng thng ng mt gc o =30
0
. Khi 2 qu cu nm trn cng mt mt phng nm
ngang v cch nhau 3 cm. Tm ln ca q
2
v lc cng ca dy treo? g=10m/s
2

HD: F=P.tano ; P=T.coso ; S: D ln ca q
2
=0,058 C ; T=0,115 N


Bi 2: THUYT ELECTRON - NH LUT BO TON IN TCH
I.CU HI GIO KHOA:
1) Trnh by ni dung ca thuyt electron.
2) Theo thuyt electron th th no l 1 vt nhim in dng hay nhim in m?
3) Theo thuyt electron th c g khc nhau gia vt dn in v vt cch in?
4) Gii thch hin tng nhim in dng ca 1 qu cu kim loi do tip xc bng thuyt electron.
5) Trnh by hin tng nhim in do hng ng v gii thch hin tng bng thuyt electron.
6) Hy gii thch ti sao khi a 1 qu cu kim loi khng nhim in li gn 1 qu khc nhim in
th 2 qu cu ht nhau.
7) Pht biu nh lut bo tan in tch.
II.BI TP:
1.Mt qu cu mang in tch dng v 1 qu cu mang in tch m. Sau khi cho chng tip xc vi
nhau, khi lng ca 2 qu cu thay i nh th no? Ti sao?
2.a 1 vt nhim in dng li gn 1 qu cu kim loi nh treo trn 1 si dy t. Kt qu cho thy
vt nhim in ht qu cu. T c th suy ra qu cu tch in m khng? Gii thch?
3.Hy gii thch hin tng bi bm cht vo cc cnh qut trn, mc d cnh qut thng xuyn quay rt
nhanh.
4.Hy gii thch ti sao cc xe xitc ch du ngi ta phi lp 1 chic xch st chm xung t.
5.Treo 1 si tc trc mn hnh ca tivi cha hot ng. t nhin bt my. Quan st hin tng xy ra
i vi si tc, m t v gii thch hin tng.
6.t 2 hn bi thp nh khng nhim in, gn nhau trn mt 1 tm phng, nhn, nm ngang. Tch in
cho 1 hn bi. Hy phng on hin tng s xy ra nu :
a/ Tm phng l1 tm thp m kim. b/ Tm phng l1 tm thy tinh
7.C 3 vt dn, A nhim in dng, B v C khng nhim in. Lm th no 2 vt B, C nhim in
tri du nhau v c ln bng nhau?
http://vatlylamdong.com/
4
8.Hai qu cu ging nhau bng kim loi tch in tri du t cch nhau 20 cm chng ht nhau bng 1 lc
F
1
=4.10
-3
N. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc vi nhau sau li tch chng ra v tr c. Khi 2 qu cu y nhau
bi 1 lc F
2
=2,25.10
-3
N. Xc nh in tch ca mi qu cu trc khi cho chng tip xc nhau.


Bi 3: IN TRNG
I.CU HI GIO KHOA:
1) in trng l g? Tnh cht c bn ca in trng?
2) Vect cng in trng l g? N c xc nh nh th no? n v cng in trng l
g?
3) C th coi ng sc im l qu o ca 1 in tch im chuyn ng di tc dng ca in
trng c khng? Hy gii thch?
4) Hy nu tnh cht cc ng sc in.
5) Vit cng thc tnh v nu nhng c im ca cng in trng ca 1 in tch im.
6) Cng in trng ca 1 h in tch im c xc nh nh th no?
7) in trng u l g?
II.BI TP:
1.Mt in tch th t ti im c cng in trng 0,16 V/m. Lc tc dng ln in tch bng
2.10
-4
N. Hi ln ca in tch l bao nhiu?
S: 125.10
-5
C
2.C 1 in tch Q= 5.10
-9
C t ti im A trong chn khng. Xc nh cng in trng ti im B
cch A mt khong 10cm. S: 4500 V/m
3.C 2 in tch q
1
, q
2
t cch nhau 10cm trong chn khng. in tch q
1
= 5.10
-9
C, in tch q
2
= - 5.10
-9

C .Xc nh cng in trng ti im M nm trn ng thng i qua 2 in tch v:
a/ Cch u 2 in tch.
b/ Cch q
1
mt khong 5cm v cch q
2
mt khong 15cm. S:a/ 36000 V/m ; b/ 16000 V/m
4.Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= 5.10
-16
C c t c nh ti 2 nh B, C ca 1 tam gic u cnh l 8cm. Cc
in tch t trong khng kh.
a/ Xc nh cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ni trn.
b/ Cu tr li s thay i th no nu q
1
= 5.10
-16
C, q
2
= - 5.10
-16
C ?
S:a/ 1,2.10
-3
V/m ; b/ 0,7.10
-3
V/m
5.Ba in tch q ging nhau c t c nh ti 3 nh ca 1 tam gic u cnh a. Xc nh cng
in trng ti tm ca tam gic S: 0
6.Mt thanh KIM LOI mang in tch 2,5.10
-6
C. Sau n c nhim in c in tch 5,5C.
Hi khi cc electron c di chuyn n thanh KIM LOI hay t thanh KIM LOI di chuyn i v s
electron di chuyn l bao nhiu? Bit in tch ca electron l 1,6.10
-19
C. S: 5.10
13

7.in tch im q = - 3.10
-6
C c t ti im m ti in trng c phng thng ng, chiu t
trn xung di v in trng E = 12000V/m. Hi phng, chiu v ln ca lc tc dng ln in
tch q? S: 0,036N
8.Mt in tch im q c t trong in mi ng tnh, v hn. Ti im M cch q mt on 0,4m,
in trng c cng 9.10
5
V/m v hng v pha in tch q. Hi ln v du ca q? Cho bit hng
s in mi ca mi trng c = 2,5. S: - 40C
9.Hai in tch im q
1
= - 9 C, q
2
= 4 C nm cch nhau 20cm. Tm v tr m ti in trng bng
khng. S: M cch q
2
40cm
10.Mt qu cu khi lng m= 1g treo trn 1 si dy mnh, cch in. Qu cu nm trong in trng
u c phng nm ngang, cng E = 2kV/m. Khi dy treo hp vi phng thng ng 1 gc 60.
Hi lc cng dy ca si dy v in tch ca qu cu? Ly g = 10m/s
2
. S: 0,02N ; 8,67 C
11.Ti 3 nh ca tam gic u, cnh 10cm c 3 in tch im bng nhau v bng 10nC. Hy xc nh
cng in trng ti:
a/ trung im ca mi cnh tam gic.
b/ tm ca tam gic. S: 12000V ; 0
12.Mt in tch im q= 2,5 C c t ti im M. in trng ti M c 2 thnh phn E
x
= 6000V/m,
E
y
= - 6\3 .10
3
V/m. Hi :
http://vatlylamdong.com/
5
a/ Gc hp bi vecto lc tc dng ln in tch q v trc Oy?
b/ ln ca lc tc dng ln in tch q? S: 150 ; 0,03N
13.Cho 2 tm kim loi song song, nm ngang, nhim in tri du. Khong khng gian gia 2 tm kim
loi cha y du. Mt qu cu st bn knh R = 1cm mang in tch q nm l lng trong lp du.
in trng gia 2 tm kim loi l in trng u hng t trn xung di v c cng 20000V/m.
Hi ln v du ca in tch q? Cho bit khi lng ring ca st l 7800 kg/m
3
, ca du l 800 kg/m
3
.
Ly g=10m/s
2
. S: 14,7 C
14.Cng in trng ca 1 in tch im ti A bng 36 V/m, ti B bng 9 V/m. Hi cng in
trng ti trung im AB? Cho bit 2 im A, B nm trn cng 1 ng sc.
S: 16 V/m
15.C bn qu cu kim loi, kch thc bng nhau. Cc qu cu mang cc in tch : 2,3 C ; - 264.10
-7
C
-5,9 C ; 3,6.10
-5
C. Cho bn qu cu ng thi chm nhau, sau li tch chng ra. Hi in tch mi
qu cu . S: 1,5 C
16.C ba qu cu kim loi, kch thc bng nhau. Qu cu A mang in tch 27 C, qu cu B mang in
tch - 3C, qu cu C khng mang in. Cho 2 qu cu A v B chm nhau ri tch chng ra. Sau cho 2
qu cu B v C chm nhau. Hi :
a/ in tch trn mi qu cu?
b/ in tch tng cng ca c 3 qu cu lc u tin v lc cui cng? S: 12 C ; 6 C ; 24 C
17.Mt in tch q = 10
-7
t trong in trng ca 1 in tch im Q, chu tc dng ca lc F = 3.10
-3
N.
Tm cng in trng E ti im t in tch q v tm ln ca Q, bit rng 2 in tch t cch
nhau r = 30cm. S: 3.10
4
V/m ; 3.10
-7
C
18.Qu cu nh mang in tch q = 10
-5
C t trong khng kh.
a/ Tnh ln cng in trng E
M
ti im M cch tm O ca qu cu on R = 10 cm
b/ Xc nh lut in trng F do qu cu tch in tc dng ln im q

= - 10
-7
C t M. Suy ra
lc in trng tc dng ln qu cu mang in tch q. S:a/ 9.10
6
V/m ; b/ 0,9N
19.Mt in tch im Q = 10
-6
C t trong khng kh.
a/ Tnh ln cng in trng ti im cch Q 30cm.
b/ t Q trong cht lng c hng s in mi E = 16, im c cng in trng nh cu a/
cch in tch bao nhiu? S: a/ 10
5
V/m ; b/ 7,5cm
20.Cho 2 in tch q
1
= 4.10
-10
C ; q
2
= - 4.10
-10
C t A, B trong khng kh. AB = a = 2cm. Xc nh
vect cng in trng E ti:
a/ H, trung im AB.
b/ M cch A 1cm, cch B 3cm.
c/ N hp vi A, B thnh tam gic u. S: a/ 72.10
3
V/m ; b/ 32.10
3
V/m ; c/ 9.10
3
V/m
21.Gii li bi 20 vi q
1
= q
2
= 4.10
-10
C.
S: 4.10
4
V/m ; 15,6.10
3
V/m
22.Hai in tch im q
1
= - 10
-6
C ; q
2
= 10
-6
C t ti 2 im A, B cch nhau 40cm trong chn khng.
Xc nh vect cng in trng ti :
a/ M l trung im AB.
b/ N c AN = 20cm, BN = 60cm. S: 4,5.10
5
V/m ; 10
5
V/m
23.C 3 in tch im cng ln q t ti 3 nh tam gic u cnh a. Xc nh cng in trng
ti im t ca mi in tch do 2 in tch kia gy ra khi :
a/ Ba in tch cng du.
b/ Mt in tch tri du vi 2 in tch kia.
24.Hai in tch q
1
= 8.10
-8
C ; q
2
= - 8.10
-8
C t ti A, B trong khng kh, AB = 4cm. Tm vect cng
in trng ti C trn trung trc AB cch AB 2cm suy ra lc tc dng ln q = 2.10
-9
C t C.
S: 9\2 .10
5
V/m ; 25,4.10
-4
N
25.Hai in tch q
1
= - 10
-8
C; q
2
= 10
-8
C t ti A, B trong khng kh. AB = 6cm. Xc nh vect E ti M
trn trung trc AB, cch AB 4cm. S: 0,432.10
5
V/m
26.Cho 4 in tch cng ln q t ti 4 nh hnh vung cnh a. Tm E ti tm hnh vung trong trng
hp 4 in tch ln lt c du sau :
a/ + + + + ; b/ + - + - ; c/ + - - +.
S:a,b/ E = 0 ; c/ E = 4\2 kq/a
2

http://vatlylamdong.com/
6
27.Ti 3 nh A, B, C ca hnh vung ABCD cnh a t 3 in tch q ging nhau (q> 0). Tnh E ti
a/ Tm O hnh vung
b/ nh D. S:a/ 2 kq/a
2
; b/ ( 2 + ) kq/a
2

28.Ti 3 nh A, B, C trong khng kh to thnh tam gic vung ti A, AB = 4cm, AC = 3cm. Ti A t
q
1
= - 2,7.10
-9
C, ti B t q
2
. Bit vect cng in trng

E tng hp ti C c phng song song

vi AB. Tm q
2
v ln ca

E . S: q
2
= 12,5.10
-9
C ; E = 3,6.10
4
V/m
29.Cho 2 in tch im q
1
= 8.10
-8
C ; q
2
= 2.10
-8
C t ti 2 im cch nhau l = 10cm. Xc nh v tr ca
im m ti cng in trng bng 0.
S: 10cm
30.Cho q
1
= 36.10
-6
C ; q
2
= 4.10
-6
C t A, B trong khng kh, AB = 100cm. Tm im C ti cng
in trng tng hp bng 0. S: 75cm ; 25cm
32.Cho 2 in tch q
1
, q
2
t ti A, B vi AB = 2cm. Bit q
1
+ q
2
= 7.10
-8
C v im C cch q
1
6cm, cch
q
2
8cm c cng in trng E = 0. Tnh q
1
, q
2
. S: - 9.10
-8
C ; 16.10
-8
C
33.Cho hnh vung ABCD, tai A v C t cc in tch q
1
= q
3
= q. Hi phi t B in tch bao nhiu
cng in trng D bng 0? S: -2\2 q

34.Bn im A, B, C, D trong khng kh to thnh hnh ch nht ABCD, AD = a = 3cm, AB = b = 4cm.
Cc in tch q
1
, q
2
, q
3
t ln lt ti A, B, C. Bit q
2
= - 12,5.10
-8
C v cng in trng tng hp
D bng 0. Tnh q
1
, q
3
. S: 2,7.10
-8
C ; 6,4.10
-8
C
35.Mt ht bi tch in m c khi lng m = 10
-8
g nm cn bng trong in trng u c hng thng
ng xung di v c cng E = 1000 V/m.
a/ Tnh in tch ht bi.
b/ Ht bi mt ht mt s in tch bng in tch ca 5.10
5
electron, mun ht bi vn cn bng
th cng in trng phi bng bao nhiu? Cho m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
S: a/ -10
-13
;b/ 5000 V/m
36.Mt git cht lng tch in c khi lng 2.10
-9
g nm cn bng trong in trng u c phng
thng ng, c E = 1,25.10
5
V/m. Tnh in tch ca git cht lng v s electron tha hoc thiu trn git
cht lng. S: 1,6.10
-16
C ; 1000
37.Mt hn bi nh bng kim loi c t trong du. Bi c th tch V= 10mm
3
, khi lng m = 9.10
-5
kg.
Du c khi lng ring D= 800kg/m
3
. Tt c c t trong in trng u,

E hng t trn xung, E

= 4,1.10
5
V/m. Tm in tch ca bi n cn bng l lng trong du.
S: - 2.10
-9
C
38.Mt qu cu kim loi nh, bn knh R= 1cm tch in dng q
o
nm l lng trong du, trong c
in trng u hng thng ng t di ln trn v c cng E= 2.10
4
V/m. Bit trng lng ring
ca kim loi v ca du ln lt l87840N/m
3
v 7840N/m
3
. Tm q
o
. S: 1,67.10
-8
C
39.Qu cu nh khi lng m= 0,25g mang in tch q= 2,5.10
-9
C c treo bi 1 si dy v c t
trong in trng u E c phng nm ngang v c ln E= 10
6
V/m. Tnh gc lch ca dy treo so
vi phng thng ng. S: 45
40.Mt qu cu nh khi lng m= 20g mang in tch q= 10
-7
C c treo bi si dy mnh trong in
trng u E c phng nm ngang. Khi qu cu cn bng dy treo hp vi phng ng gc = 30 .
Tnh E.
S: 1,15.10
6
V/m
41.Ti cc nh A,B,C ca 1 hnh vung ABCD cnh a=1,5 cm ln lt t c nh q
1
,q
2
,q
3

1) Bit q
2
=4.10
-6
C v CT tng hp ti D bng khng. Tnh q
1
, q
3
(S: q
1
=q
3
=-1,4.10
-6
C)
2) Tm CT tng hp ti tm O ca hnh vung (3,2.10
8
V/m)
42. Hai in tch im q
1
= -4.10
-8
C v q
2
= 4.10
-8
C t ti hai im AB cch nhau mt khong 40cm trong
khng kh . Xc nh cng in trng ti:
a. Trung im AB.
b. M vi MA = 20cm; MB = 60cm.
c. N vi NA = NB = 40cm.
http://vatlylamdong.com/
7
43.Trong khng kh.Ti 3 nh ca tam gic vung ABC, AB = 30cm; AC = 40cm t 3 in tch dng
c ln bng nhau q=10
-9
C. Xc nh cng in trng ti H l chn ng cao h t nh gc
vung xung cch huyn.
44. Mt qu cu tch in c khi lng m = 20g c in tch q = 10
-7
C treo vo mt si ch mnh trong
in trng u c phng nm ngang . Khi cn bng, dy ch hp vi phng thng ng mt gc 30
0
.
Tnh ln ca cng in trng. Ly g = 10m/s
2

45. Mt qu cu tch in c khi lng m = 0,1g treo vo mt si ch mnh trong in trng u c
phng nm ngang c cng in trng 10
3
V/m. Dy ch hp vi phng thng ng mt gc 30
0
.
Tnh in tch ca qu cu. Ly g = 10m/s
2

46.Hai in tch im q
1
= 2.0
-8
C v q
2
= 4.10
-8
C t ti hai im AB cch nhau mt khong 40cm trong
khng kh .Tm v tr m ti cng in trng bng khng.
47. Hai in tch im q
1
= 8.0
-8
C v q
2
= -4.10
-8
C t ti hai im AB cch nhau mt khong 10cm trong
khng kh .Tm v tr m ti cng in trng bng khng.
48.Hai in tch q
1
= 4q v q
2
= - q t ti hai im AB cch nhau 9 cm trong khng kh. Tm v tr m ti
cng in trng bng khng.
49. Ba in tch im q
1
= 2.10
-8
C , q
2
= 4.10
-8
C v q
3
t ti hai im ABC, h thng nm cn bng trong
khng kh. Bit AB = 1cm.
a. Xc nh in tch q
3
v khong cch BC.
b. Xc nh cng in trng ti cc im A, B, C.

50.Hai in tch im q
1
=-9.10
-5
C v q
2
=4.10
-5
C nm c nh ti hai im AB cch nhau 20 cm trong
chn khng.
1) Tnh cng in trng tai im M nm trn ng trung trc ca AB cch A 20 cm
2) Tm v tr ti CT bng khng. Hi phi t mt in tch q
0
u n nm cn bng?
S: Cch q
2
40 cm


CNG CA LC IN - HIU IN TH
I.CU HI GIO KHOA:
1) Vit cng thc tnh cng ca lc in trong s di chuyn ca 1 in tch trong 1 in trng u.
2) Nu c im ca cng ca lc in.
3) Hiu in th gia 2 im trong in trng l g?
4) Vit h thc gia hiu in th v cng in trng, ni r iu kin p dng h thc .
II.BI TP:
1.Hai tm kim loi phng rng t song song, cch nhau 2cm, c nhim in tri du nhau v c ln
bng nhau. Mun in tch q= 5.10
-10
C di chuyn t tm ny n tm kia cn mt cng A= 2.10
-9
J. Hy
xc nh cng in trng bn trong 2 tm kim loi . Cho bit in trng bn trong 2 tm kim
loi cho l in trng u v c ng sc vung vi cc tm.
2.Mt electron chuyn ng dc theo ng sc ca 1 in trng u. Cng in trng E=
100V/m. Vn tc ban u ca electron bng 300km/s. Hi electron chuyn ng c qung ng di
bao nhiu th vn tc ca n bng 0? Cho bit khi lng electron m= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
3.Hiu in th gia 2 im M, N l U
MN
= 1V. Mt in tch q= - 1 C di chuyn t M n N th cng ca
lc in bng bao nhiu? Gii thch ngha ca kt qu tnh c.
4.Mt qu cu nh khi lng 3,06.10
-15
kg nm l lng gia 2 tm kim loi song song nm ngang v
nhim in tri du. in tch ca qu cu bng 4,8.10
-18
C. Hai tm kim loi cch nhau 2cm. Hy tnh
hiu in th t vo 2 tm . Ly g= 10m/s
2
.
5.Mt qu cu khi lng 4,5.10
-3
kg treo vo 1 si dy di = 1 m. Qu cu
nm gia 2 tm kim loi song song, thng ng nh hnh v. Hai tm cch
nhau 4cm. t 1 hiu in th 750V vo 2 tm th qu cu lch ra khi v
tr ban u 1cm. Tnh in tch ca qu cu. Ly g= 10m/s
2
.
6.Mt electron chuyn ng dc theo 1 ng sc ca in trng u c
cng 364 V/m. Electron xut pht t im M vi vn tc 3,2.10
6
m/s.
Vect vn tc cng hng vi ng sc in. Hi





+ -
+ -
+ -
http://vatlylamdong.com/
8
a/ Electron i c qung ng di bao nhiu th vn tc ca n bng 0 ?
b/ Sau bao lu k t lc xut pht, electron li tr v im M ?
7.Trong n hnh ca my thu hnh, cc electron c tng tc bi hiu in th 25000V. Hi khi
electron p vo mn hnh th vn tc ca n bng bao nhiu? Vn tc ban u ca electron nh. Coi khi
lng ca electron bng 9,1.10
-31
kg v khng ph thua vo vn tc. in tch ca electron bng
1,6.10
-19
C.
8.Gi thit rng trong 1 tia st c in tch q = 25 C c phng t m my dng xung mt t v khi
hiu in th gia m my v mt t U = 1,4.10
8
V. Tnh nng lng ca tia st . Nng lng ny
c th lm bao nhiu kilgam nc 100C bc thnh hi 100C ? Cho bit nhit ha hi ca nc
bng 2,3.10
6
J/kg.
9.Mt in tch im q= 10 C chuyn ng t nh B n nh C ca tam gic u ABC. Tam gic ABC
nm trong in trng u c cng 5000 V/m. ng sc ca in trng ny song song vi cnh
BC v c chiu t C n B. Cnh ca tam gic bng 10cm. Tnh cng ca lc in khi in tch q dch
chuyn trong 2 trng hp sau :
a/ q chuyn ng theo on thng BC.
b/ q chuyn ng theo on gp khc BAC. Tnh cng trn cc on BA, AC v coi cng trn
on ng BC bng tng cc cng trn 2 on ng trn.
10.Mt prton bay trong in trng. Lc prtn im A th vn tc ca n bng 2,5.10
4
m/s. Khi bay
n B vn tc ca prtn bng 0. in th ti A bng 500 V/m. Hi in th ti im B? Cho bit prtn
c khi lng 1,67.10
-27
kg v c in tch 1,6.10
-19
C.
11.Mt trong ca mng t bo trong c th sng mang in tch m, mt ngoi mang in tch dng.
Hiu in th gia 2 mt ny bng 0,07 V. Mng t bo dy 8.10
-9
m. Hi cng in trng trong
mng t bo bng bao nhiu ?
12.Cho 2 tm kim loi phng rng, t nm ngang, song song vi nhau v cch nhau d= 5cm. Hiu in
th gia 2 tm bng 50 V.
a/Hi in trng v cc ng sc in trng bn trong 2 tm kim loi c g ng ch ?
Tnh cng in trng trong khong khng gian .
b/Mt electron c vn tc ban u rt nh chuyn ng t tm tch in m v pha tm tch in
dng. Hi khi ti tm tch in dng th electron nhn c mt nng lng bng bao nhiu?
Tnh vn tc ca electron lc .
13.Cho 1 in trng u c cng 4.10
3
V/m. Vect cng in trng song song vi cnh huyn
BC ca tam gic vung ABC v c chiu t B n C.
a/ Tnh hiu in th gia 2 im BC, AB, AC. Cho bit AB= 6cm, AC= 8cm.
b/Gi H l chn ng cao h t nh A xung cnh huyn. Tnh hiu in th gia 2 im A v
H.
14.Gia 2 im A, B c hiu in th bng bao nhiu nu 1 in tch q= 10
-6
C thu c nng lng
W=2.10
-4
J khi i t A n B.
15.Hiu in th gia 2 im M, Ntrong in trng U
MN
= 100 V.
a/ Tnh cng ca lc in trng khi 1 electron di chuyn t M n N.
b/ Tnh cng cn thit di chuyn electron t M n N.
16. di chuyn q= 10
-4
C t rt xa vo im M ca in trng, cn thc hin cng A

= 5.10
5
J. Tm
in th M ( gc in th ).
17.Khi bay qua 2 im M, N trong in trng electron tng tc, ng nng tng thm 250eV
(1eV=1,6.10
-19
J). Tnh U
MN
.
18.Electron chuyn ng khng vn tc u t A n B trong in trng u U
BA
= 45,5V. Tm vn tc
ca electron ti B.
19.Mt electron bay vi vn tc v= 1,2.10
3
m/s t mt im c in th V
1
= 600V theo hng cc ng
sc. Xc nh in th V
2
ca im m electron dng li.
20.Mt in tch q= 10
-8
C chuyn dch dc theo cc cnh ca 1 tam gic u ABC cnh a= 20cm t
trong in trng u cng E = 3000V/m. Tnh cng thc hin dch chuyn in tch q theo cc
cnh AB, BC, CA, bit rng in trng E c hng song song vi BC.
21.Mt electron bay dc theo ng sc ca in trng u E vi vn tc v
0
= 10
6
m/s v i c qung
ng d= 20cm th dng li. Tm ln ca cng in trng E.
http://vatlylamdong.com/
9
22.Hai bn kim loi phng nm ngang, song song v cch nhau d= 10cm. Hiu in th gia 2 bn U=
100V. Mt electron c vn tc ban u v
0
= 5.10
6
m/s chuyn ng dc theo ng sc v pha bn tch
in m. Electron chuyn ng nh th no? Cho bit in trng gia 2 bn l in trng u v b
qua tc dng ca trng trng.
23.Cho 3 bn kim loi phng A, B, C t song song vi nhau, tch in u, cch nhau cc khong d
1
=
2,5cm ; d
2
= 4cm. Bit in trng gia cc bn l u, c ln E
1
= 8.10
4
V/m ; E
2
= 10
5
V/m v co
chiu nh hnh v. Ni bn A vi t ( V
A
= 0 ), hy tnh cc in th V
B
, V
C
ca 2 bn B, C.
24.Mt e di chuyn mt on 0,6 cm t im M n im N dc theo mt ng sc in ca 1 in
trng u th lc in sinh cng 9,6.10
-18
J
1) Tnh cng m lc in sinh ra khi e di chuyn tip 0,4 cm t im N n im P theo phng
v chiu ni trn?
2) Tnh vn tc ca e khi n ti P. Bit vn tc ca e ti M bng khng
HD: Ta dng cng thc: A
MN
=q.E.
' '
N M v A
MN
>0; q<0; E>0 nn
' '
N M <0 tc l e i ngc chiu
ng sc.Vi
' '
N M =- 0,006 m ta tnh c E suy ra A
NP
= q.E.
' '
P N = 6,4.10
-18
J
Dng L ng nng ta tnh c v
P
= 5,93.10
6
m/s
25.Bn mt e vi vn tc ban u v
0
vo in trng u gia hai bn kim loi phng song song,nm
ngang theo phng vung gc vi ng sc ca in trng. Electrn bay vo khong chnh gia 2 bn.
Hiu in th gia 2 bn l U
1) Bit e bay ra khi in trng ti im nm st mp mt bn. Vit biu thc tnh cng ca lc
in trong s dch chuyn cu e trong in trng
2) Vit cng thc tnh ng nng ca e khi bt u ra khi in trng
HD: 1) Ta nhn thy e phi lch v pha bn dng. Gi d l khong cch gia 2 bn
A=q.E.(-d/2)=q.(-U/2) vi q<0
2) Dng nh l ng nng: W
2
-W
1
=A W
2
= (m.v
0
2
- e.U)/2
26.Mt ht mang in tch q=+1,6.10
-19
C ; khi lng m=1,67.10
-27
kg chuyn ng trong mt in
trng. Lc ht im A n c vn tc l 2,5.10
4
m/s. Khi bay n B th n dng li. Bit in th ti B
l 503,3 V. Tnh in th ti A ( S: V
A
= 500 V)
HD: ) (
2
.
2
.
2 2
B A AB
A B
V V q A
v m v m
= =
27.Cho 2 bn kim loi phng c di l=5 cm t nm ngang song song vi nhau,cch nhau d=2 cm.
Hiu in th gia 2 bn l 910V. Mt e bay theo phng ngang vo gia 2 bn vi vn tc ban u
v
0
=5.10
7
m/s. Bit e ra khi c in trng. B qua tc dng ca trng trng
1) Vit ptrnh qu o ca e trong in trng
2) Tnh thi gian e i trong in trng? Vn tc ca n ti im bt u ra khi in trng?
3) Tnh lch ca e khi phng ban u khi ra khi in trng? ( S: 0,4 cm)
28.Ba im A,B,C to thnh mt tam gic vung (vung A); AC= 4 cm; AB=3 cm nm trong mt in
trng u c

E song song vi cnh CA, chiu t C n A. im D l trung im ca AC.

1) Bit U
CD
=100 V. Tnh E, U
AB
; U
BC
( S: 5000V/m; U
BC
=-200 V; U
AB
=0)
2) Tnh cng ca lc in khi mt e di chuyn :
a) T C n D
b) T C n B
c) T B n A
HD: Dng cc cng thc: A
MN
=q.U
MN
; E= U
MN
/
' '
N M ; U
MN
=V
M
-V
N
29.Mt ht bi mang in c khi lng m=10
-11
g nm cn bng gia 2 bn ca 1 t in phng. Khong
cch gia 2 bn l d=0,5 cm. Chiu nh sng t ngoi vo ht bi. Do mt mt phn in tch,ht bi s
mt cn bng. thit lp li cn bng ngi ta phi tng hiu in th gia 2 bn ln mt lng
U A =34V. Tnh in lng mt i bit ban u ht gia 2 bn l 306,3V
HD: Lc u: m.g=F=q.U/d (1); Sau (q- q A ).(U+ U A )/d = m.g (2). T (1) v (2) ta c q A
30.Gia 2 bn ca t in t nm ngang cch nhau d=40 cm c mt in trng u E=60V/m. Mt ht
bi c khi lng m=3g v in tch q=8.10
-5
C bt u chuyn ng t trng thi ngh t bn tch in
http://vatlylamdong.com/
10
dng v pha tm tch in m. B qua nh hng ca trng trng. Xc nh vn tc ca ht ti im
chnh gia ca t in S: 0,8 m/s
HD: Tnh a theo L 2 sau dng cng thc ca chuyn ng bin i u
31.Cho 3 bn kim loi phng A,B,C t song song vi nhau,tch in u cch
nhau cc khong d
1
=2,5 cm; d
2
=4 cm.Bit CT gia cc bn l u c
ln E
1
=8.10
4
V/m; E
2
=10
5
V/m c chiu nh hnh v. Ni bn A vi t.
Tnh in th ca bn B v C


HD: V
A
-V
B
=E
1
.d
1
V
B
; V
C
-V
B
=E
2
.d
2
V
C
=2000 V

32.Mt qu cu tch in khi lng m=0,1 g nm cn bng gia 2 bn t in phng t thng ng cch
nhau d=1cm. Hiu in th gia 2 bn l U. Gc lch ca dy treo so vi phng thng ng l 10
0
. in
tch ca qu cu l 1,3.10
-9
C. Tm U (cho g=10m/s
2
) S: 1000 V

VT DN V IN MI TRONG IN TRNG-T IN - NNG LNG T IN
I.CU HI GIO KHOA:
1) T in l g ? T in phng c cu to th no ?
2) in dung ca t in l g ?
3) in dung ca t in ph thuc nhng yu t no? Nu cng thc tnh in dung ca t in
phng.
4) Vit cng thc xc nh nng lng ca t in v nng lng in trng trong t in phng.
II.BI TP:
1.Mt t in c in dung 500 pF c mc vo 2 cc ca 1 my pht in c hiu in th 220V. Tnh
in tch ca t in.
2.Cho 1 t in phng m 2 bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 2cm v t trong khng kh. Hai bn cch
nhau 2mm.
a/ Tnh in dung ca t in.
b/ C th t 1 hiu in th ln nht l bao nhiu vo 2 bn t in ? Cho bit in trng
nh thng i vi khng kh l 3.10
6
V/m.
3.Mt t in phng c mc vo 2 cc ca 1 ngun in c hiu in th 50 V. Ngt t in ra khi
ngun ri ko cho khong cch ca 2 bn t in tng gp 2 ln. Tnh hiu in th ca t in .
4.Hai t in c in dung C
1
= 0,4 F, C
2
= 0,6 F ghp song song vi nhau. Mc b t in vo
ngun in c hiu in th U < 60 V th mt trong 2 t in c in tch bng 3.10
-5
C. Tnh :
a/ Hiu in th U.
b/ in tch ca t in kia.
5.in dung ca 3 t in ghp ni tip nhau l C
1
= 20pF, C
2
= 10pF, C
3
= 30pF. Tnh in dung ca b t
in .
6.Cho 3 t in c mc thnh b theo s nh hnh. Cho C
1
= 3 F, C
2
= C
3
= 4 F. Ni 2 im M, N
vi 1 ngun in c hiu in th U= 10V. Hy tnh :
a/ in dung v in tch ca b t in .
b/ Hiu in th v in tch trn mi t in.
7.C 2 qu cu KL nh tch in cch nm nhau 2,5m trong khng kh. Lc tc dng ln mi qu cu
bng 9.10
-3
N. Cho 2 qu cu tip xc vi nhau th in tch ca 2 qu cu bng -3.10
-6
C. Tm in
tch ca mi qu cu.
8.Mt t in c in dung 5.10
-6
F. in tch ca t in bng 86C. Hi hiu in th trn 2 bn t
in?
9.Mt t in c in dung 24 nF c tch in n hiu in th 450 V th c bao nhiu electron di
chuyn n bn tch in m ca t in ?
10.B t in trong 1 chic n chp nh c in dung 750 F c tch in n hiu in th 330 V.
a/ Xc nh nng lng m n tiu th trong mi ln n le sng.
b/ Mi ln n le sng t in phng in trong thi gian 5 ms. Tnh cng sut phng in trung
bnh ca t in.
A B C
2
E

1
E
http://vatlylamdong.com/
11
11.Mt t in phng c in dung 7 nF cha y in mi. Din tch mi bn bng 15 cm
2
v khong
cch gia 2 bn bng 1.10
-5
m. Hi hng s in mi ca cht in mi trong t in ?
12.Mt b gm 3 t in ghp song song C
1
= C
2
= C
3
. Khi c tch in bng ngun c hiu in th
45V th in tch ca b t bng 18.10
-4
C. Tnh in dung ca cc t in.
13.Hai t in c in dung C
1
= 2 F, C
2
= 3 F c mc ni tip.
a/ Tnh in dung ca b t in.
b/ Tch in cho b t in bng ngun in c hiu in th 50 V. Tnh in tch v hiu in th
ca cc t in trong b.
14.Bn t in c mc thnh b theo s nh hnh bn. C
1
= 1 F ; C
2
= C
3
= 3 F. Khi ni hai im
M, N vi ngun in th t in C
1
c in tch Q
1
= 6 C v c b t in c in tch Q= 15,6 C. Hi :
a/ Hiu in th t vo b t in ?
b/ in dung ca t in C
4
?



15.C 3 t in C
1
= 3 nF, C
2
= 2 nF, C
3
= 20 nF c mc nh hnh bn.
Ni b t in vi 2 cc mt ngun in c hiu in th 30 V.
a/ Tnh in dung ca c b, in tch v hiu in th trn cc
t in.
b/ T in C
1
b nh thng. Tm in tch v hiu in th
trn 2 t in cn li.
16.C 2 t in phng in dung C
1
= 0,3 nF, C
2
= 0,6 nF. Khong cch
gia 2 bn ca 2 t in d= 2mm. T in cha y cht in mi c th chu c cng in trng
ln nht l 10000 V/m. Hai t in c ghp ni tip. Hi hiu in th gii hn i vi b t in
bng bao nhiu ?
17.T in phng gm 2 bn t hnh vung cnh a= 20cm t cch nhau d= 1cm. Cht in mi gia 2
bn l thy tinh c E= 6. Hiu in th gia 2 bn U= 50 V.
a/ Tnh in dung ca t in.
b/ Tnh in tch ca t in.
c/ Tnh nng lng ca t in. T in ny c dng l ngun in c khng ?
18.T phng c cc bn hnh trn bn knh 10cm, khong cch v hiu in th 2 bn l 1cm v 108V.
Gia 2 bn l khng kh. Tnh in tch t in.
19.T phng khng kh c in dung C= 500pF c tch in n hiu in th U= 300V.
a/ Tnh in tch Q ca t.
b/ Ngt t in khi ngun. Nhng t vo cht in mi lng c c = 2. Tnh in dung C
1
, in
tch Q
1
, hiu in th U
1
ca t lc .
c/ Vn ni t in vi ngun. Nhng t in vo cht in mi lng c = 2. Tnh C
2
, Q
2
, U
2
ca t
khi .
20.T phng khng kh in dung C= 2 pF tch in hiu in th U= 600 V.
a/ Tnh in tch Q ca t.
b/ Ngt t ra khi ngun, a 2 bn t ra xa khong cch tng 2 ln. Tnh C
1
, Q
1
, U
1
ca t.
c/ Vn ni t vi ngun, a 2 bn t ra xa khong cch tng 2 ln. Tnh C
2
, Q
2
, U
2
ca t.
21.T phng c in tch mi bn l S= 100cm
2
, khong cch gia 2 bn d= 1mm, gia 2 bn l khng
kh. Tm hiu in th ti a c th t vo 2 bn t v in tch cc i m t c th tch c. Bit in
trng gii hn i vi khng kh l 3.10
6
V/m.
22.Hai t in c in dung v hiu in th gii hn C
1
= 5 F, U
1gh
= 500 V, C
2
= 10 F, U
2gh
= 1000 V.
Ghp 2 t in thnh b. Tm hiu in th gii hn ca b t in nu hai t :
a/ Ghp song song.
b/ Ghp mi tip.
23.Cho mch in nh hnh v:
C
1
= 6 F, C
2
= 3 F, C
3
= 18 F,
U
AB
= 18 V.
Tnh C
b
v in tch mi tu.

M N
C1 C2
C3 C4

C1
C2
C3

C3
C1 C2
http://vatlylamdong.com/
12
24.Cho mch in :
C
1
= 1 F, C
2
= 2 F, C
3
= 3 F, C
4
= 4 F,
U
AB
= 100V.
Tnh C
b
v in tch mi t.
25.Cho mch in :
C
1
= 2 F, C
2
= 3 F, C
3
= 4 F,C
4
= 6 F,
U
AB
= 1400 V. Tnh :
a/ C
b.
b/ in th v hiu in th mi t.
26.Cho mch in :
C
1
= C
3
= C
5
= 1F,
C
2
= 4F,C
4
= 1,2F,
U
AB
= 30 V.
Tnh :
a/ in dung ca b t.
b/ in tch v hiu in th mi t.
27.Cho mch in :
C
1
= C
2
= C
3
= 0,6 F,
C
3
= C
4
= 4 F,
U
AB
= 2 V. Tnh :
C
b
, hiu in th v in tch mi t.
28.Cho b t in :
C
1
= 3F, C
2
= 6F,
C
3
= C
4
= 4F,
C
5
= 8F,
U = 900 V. Tnh Hiu in th gia 2 im
AB.
29.Cho b t in : C
1
= C
4
= C
5
= 2F, C
2
= 1F, C
3
=
4F,U
AB
= 12 V. Tnh :
a/ in dung b t.
b/ Hiu in th v in tch mi t.
30.Cho mch in U = 120V ; C
1
= C
2
= 2F, C
3
= 3F, C
4
= 8F.
a/ K m, tm hiu in th gia 2 im M, N. Tnh in tch mi t.
b/ K ng, tnh in lng chuyn qua kha K.
31.Cho mch in nh hnh :C
1
= 10F, C
2
= 5F, C
3
= 4F,
U = 38 V. Tnh :
a/ in dung b t, in tch v hiu in th trn cc t
in.
b/ T 2 b nh thng , tm in tch v hiu in th
trn t C
1
.

32.Cho mch t nh hnh v :
Bit C
1
= 2F, C
2
= 10F,
C
3
= 5F, U
1
= 18V, U
2
= 10V.
Tnh in tch v hiu in th trn mi t.

33.Hai bn ca t in phng c dng hnh trn bn knh R=60 cm,khong cch gia 2 bn l 2 mm. Gia
2 bn l khng kh.
a) Tnh in dung ca t in ( 5.10
-9
F)
b) C th tch cho t in mt in tch ln nht l bao nhiu t in khng b nh thng.
Bit ct ln nht m khng kh chu c l 3.10
6
V/m . Hiu in th ln nht gia 2 bn t l bao
nhiu? ( 6.10
3
V; 3.10
-5
C)
HD: U
max
= E
max
.d; Q
max
=C.U
max


C1
C2
C3
C4

C
1
C
2

C
3

C
4


B A
C
5

C
4
C
2
C
3

C
1


A C
1
B
C
3
C
4

C
2


C
5
C
3
B C
4
C
1
A C
2


C
3

A C
1
C
5
C
4
B
C
2


U
C
3

C
2

C
1


+ - - +

C
3


- +
C
1
C
2

http://vatlylamdong.com/
13
34.Mt t in khng kh c C=2000 pF c mc vo 2 cc ca ngun in c ht l U=5000 V
a) Tnh in tch ca t in ( 10
-5
C)
b) Nu ngi ta ngt t in ra khi ngun ri nhng n chm hn vo mt in mi lng c hng
s in mi =2. Tm in dung ca t v hiu in th ca t ( 1000 pF; 2500 V)
c) Nu ngi ta khng ngt t khi ngun v a t vo in mi lng nh phn 2. Tnh in
tch v ht gia 2 bn t
HD: Nu ngt t khi ngun ri a n vo in mi th in tch khng i ch c in dung thay i.
Nu khng ngt t khi ngun v nhng t vo in mi th ht khng i,in tch thay i
35.Mt t in c in dung C= 2 F c tch in, in tch ca t l 10
3
C . Ni t in vo b
c qui c S E=50V. Bn tch in dng ni vi cc dng. Hi khi nng lng ca b c qui tng
ln hay gim i? Tng hay gim bao nhiu?
HD: Tnh nng lng trc: W=Q
2
/2C; nng lng sau: W

=CU
2
/2=C.E
2
/2 Ly W-W

36.Mt t in phng m in mi c c =2 mc vo ngun in c ht U=100 V; khong cch gia 2 bn
l d=0,5 cm; din tch mt bn l 25 cm
2
1) Tnh mt nng lng in trng trong t
2) Sau khi ngt t ra khi ngun,in tch ca t in phng qua lp in mi gia 2 bn t n lc in
tch ca t bng khng. Tnh nhit lng to ra in mi
HD: Nhit lng to ra in mi bng nng lng ca t
37.Hai bn ca 1 t in phng khng kh c dng hnh ch nht kch thc 10cm x 5cm. T in c
tch in bng mt ngun in sao cho CT gia 2 bn t l 8.10
5
V/m . Tnh in tch ca t in trn.
C th tnh c ht gia 2 bn t khng?
HD: Q=C.U=
9
9.10 .4 . t
S
C
d
E.d ; Khng th tnh c U v cha bit d
38.C 2 t in, t in 1 c in dung C
1
=1 F tch in n ht U
1
=100 V; t in 2 c in dung C
2
=
2 F tch in n ht U
2
=200 V
a) Ni cc bn tch in cng du vi nhau. Tnh hiu in th v in tch ca mi t in sau khi
ni v nhit lng to ra sau khi ni cc bn
b) Hi nh phn 1 nhng ch khc ta ni cc bn tri du ca 2 t vi nhau
HD:
a) C
b
=C
1
+C
2
; Q
b
=Q
1
+Q
2
; U
b
=Q
b
/C
b
=U
1

=U
2

Q
1

v Q
2

Tnh nng lng trc: W=C
1
U
1
2
/2+ C
2
U
2
2
/2; nng lng sau: W

=C
b
U
b
2
/2; Q=W-W

b) Lm tng t ch khc Q
b
=Q
2
-Q
1
; C
b
=C
1
+C
2

39.Mt b t gm 5 t in ging ht nhau ni tip mi t c C=10 F c ni vo ht 100 V
a) Hi nng lng ca b thay i ra sao nu 1 t b nh thng
b) Khi t trn b nh thng th nng lng ca b t b tiu hao do phng in. Tm nng lng
tiu hao .
HD: a) bin thin nng lng ca b l: AW=W
2
-W
1
=(1/2)C
b2
U
2
-(1/2)C
b1
U
2
=.>0 tc l nng
lng ca b tng ln (mc d c s tiu hao nng lng do nh thng)
b) Tnh in tch ca b t lc trc v sau ri tnh q A =q
2
-q
1
>0. Nng lng ca t tng v ngun
thc hin cng A a thm in tch n t: A= q A .U. Theo LBTNL: A=AW+W
tiu hao

T tnh c W
tiu hao

40.Mt t in np in ti hiu in th U
1
=100 V c ni vi vi t in th hai cng in dung
nhng c np in ti hiu in th U
2
=200V. Tnh hiu in th gia cc bn ca mi t in trong
hai trng hp sau:
a) Cc bn tch in cng du ni vi nhau (150 V)
b) Cc bn tch in tri du ni vi nhau (50 V)
41.Ba t in c in dung C
1
=0,002 F; C
2
=0,004 F; C
3
=0,006 F c mc ni tip thnh b. Hiu
in th nh thng ca mi t in l 4000 V.Hi b t in trn c th chu c hiu in th
U=11000 V khng? Khi hiu in th t trn mi t l bao nhiu?
S: Khng. B s b nh thng; U
1
=6000 V; U
2
=3000 V; U
3
=2000 V
42.Ba t in c in dung ln lt l: C
1
=1 F; C
2
=2 F; C
3
=3 F c th chu c cc hiu in th
ln nht tng ng l: 1000V;200V; 500V. em cc t in ny mc thnh b
http://vatlylamdong.com/
14
1) Vi cch mc no th b t in c th chu c hiu in th ln nht
2) Tnh in dung v hiu in th ca b t in
S: C
1
nt(C
2
//C
3
); 1200 V; 5/6 F
43. Su t c mc: ( ((C
1
nt(C
2
//C
3
))//C
4
) )nt C
5
nt C
6
; C
1
=C
6
=60 F; U=120V
Tnh in dung ca b v in tch ca mi t
44.Hai bn ca mt t in phng(din tch mi bn l 200 cm
2
) c nhng trong du c hng s in
mi 2,2 v c mc vo ngun in c ht l 200 V. Tnh cng cn thit gim khong cch gia 2
bn t 5 cm n 1 cm(sau khi ct t ra khi ngun) (1,2.10
-7
J)
45.Ti 4 nh ca mt hnh vung LMNP c 4 in tch im q
L
=q
M
=q=4.10
-8
C; q
N
=q
P
=-q. ng cho
ca hnh vung c di a=20 cm. Hy xc inh:
a)in th ti tm hnh vung?
b)in th ti nh L ca hnh vung? Cng ti thiu a q t L-O
S: 0 V; -1800 V; Cng ca lc in l A=-7,2.10
-5
J; cng ca ngoi lc A

=-A
46.Hai bn phng song song cch nhau d=5,6 mm, chiu di mi bn l 5 cm. Mt in t bay vo
khong gia vi vn tc v
0
=200 000 km/s hng song song v cch u 2 bn. Hi hiu in th ln nht
c th t ln 2 bn l bao nhiu khi bay ra khi 2 bn in t khng b chm vo mp bn
(50 V)
47.Hiu in th gia 2 bn ca mt t in phng l U=300 V. Mt ht bi nm cn bng gia 2 bn ca
t in v cch bn di ca t d
1
=0,8 cm. Hi sau bao lu ht bi s ri xung bn di ca t nu hiu
in th gia 2 bn gim i 60 V (0,09 s)
48.Hai in tch q
1
=6,67.10
-9
C v q
2
=13,35.10
-9
C nm trong khng kh cch nhau 40 cm. Tnh cng cn
thit a h in tch trn li gn nhau v cch nhau 25 cm ( 1,2.10
-6
J)
49.Mt in t bay n gn mt in m. in tch ca in gp 3 ln in tch ca in t. Lc u in t
cch xa in v c tc l 10
5
m/s. Tnh khong cch b nht m in t c th tin gn n in. Cho
in tch v khi lng ca e ( 1,5.10
-7
m)
50. Mt t in phng c cc bn t hnh trn bn knh r= 10cm khong cch gia hai bn t l d =1cm .
Hiu in th gia hai bn t l U = 108V. Gia hai bn l khng kh. Tm in tch ca t in. Nu lp
y hai bn t bng in mi c hng s in mi l 7 th in tch ca t thay i nh th no?
/S: 3.10-9C
51.T in phng khng kh c in dung C= 2pF c tch in hiu in th U= 600V
a) Tnh in tch ca t in
b) Ngt t ra khi ngun, a hai bn t ra xa khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp i. Tnh
in dung ca t, in tch ca t v hiu in th gia hai bn t
c)Vn ni t vi ngun, a hai bn t ra xa khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp i. Tnh
in dung ca t, in tch ca t v hiu in th gia hai bn t
/S: a) 1,2.10-9C
b) 1pF; 1,2.10-9C; 1200V
c) 1pF; 0,6.10-9C; 600V
52.Tnh in dung ca b t in, in tch v hiu in th ca mi t trong cc trng hp sau y:







a) C
1
=2 F ; C
2
=4 F C
3
=6 F ;
U= 100V







b) C
1
=1 F ; C
2
=1,5 F C
3
=3 F ;
U= 120V







c)C
1
=0,25 F ; C
2
=1 F
C
3
=3 F ; U= 12V
/S :C=12 F ;U
1
=U
2
=U
3
= 100V
Q
1
=2.10-4C; Q
2
= 4.10-4C Q
3
= 6.10-4C
/S :C=0,5 F ;U
1
=60V;U
2
=40V;U
3
= 20V
Q
1
= Q
2
= Q
3
= 6.10-5C

/S: C=1 F ;U
1
=12V;U
2
=9V
U
3
= 3V
Q
1
=3.10
-6
C; Q
2
=Q
3
= 910
-6
C
C
1
C
2 C
3
C
1
C
2
C
3

C
1

C
2
C
3

http://vatlylamdong.com/
15
53.Hai t in khng kh phng c in dung l C
1
= 0,2 F v C
2
= 0,4 F mc song song. B c tch
in n hiu in th U=450V ri ngt khi ngun. Sau lp y hai bn t in C
2
bng in mi c
hng s in mi l 2. Tnh in th ca b t v in tch ca mi t
/S: 270V; 5,4.10-5C v 2,16.10-5C
54.Hai t in phng c C
1
= 2C
2
,mc ni tip vo ngun U khng i. Cng in trng trong C
1

thay i bao nhiu ln nu nhng C
2
vo cht in mi c 2 = c .
/S: Tng 1,5 ln
55. Ba tm kim loi phng ging nhau t song song vi nhau nh hnh v:
Din tch ca mi bn l S= 100cm2, Khong cch gia hai bn lin tip l d= 0,5cm
Ni A v B vi ngun U= 100V
a) Tnh in dung ca b t v in tch ca mi bn
b) Ngt A v B ra khi ngun in. Dch chuyn bn B theo
phng vung gc vi cc bn t in mt on l x.
Tnh hiu in th gia A v B theo x. p dng khi x= d/2
/s: a) 3,54.10
-11
F; 1,77.10
-9
C v 3,54.10
-9
C
b)
2
2 2
'
.
d
x d
U U

= ; 75V
56.Bn tm kim loi phng ging nhau nh hnh v.
Khong cch BD= 2AB=2DE. B v D c ni vi ngun
in U=12V, sau ngt ngun i. Tm hiu in th gia
B v D nu sau :
a) Ni A vi B
b) Khng ni A vi B nhng lp y khong gia B v D
bng in mi 3 = c
/S a) 8V b) 6V
57.T in phng khng kh C=2pF. Nhng chm mt
na vo trong in mi lng 3 = c . Tm in dung ca t in nu khi nhng, cc bn t :
a) Thng ng b) Nm ngang
/S a) 4pF b)3pF
58.Cho mt s t in ging nhau c in dung l C
0
= 3 F .
Nu cch mc dng t nht cc t in trn mc thnh b t
c in dung l C= 5 F . V s cch mc ny?
59.Cho b t nh hnh v .Tnh in dung ca b t
hiu in th gia hai bn t in, v in tch ca cc t.
Cho bit: C
1
=C
3
=C
5
=1 F ; C
2
= 4 F ;
v C
4
= 1,2 F . U= 30V


56. Cho b t in nh hnh v sau y:
C
2
= 2C
1
; U
AB
= 16V. Tnh U
MB
57.
Trong hnh v bn:
C
1
=3 F C
3
=C
4
=4 F ;
C
2
= 6 F ;C
5
= 8 F ; U
MN
= 900V
Tm U
AB



58.
Cho b t in mc nh hnh v bn:
Chng minh rng nu c:
4
3
2
1
C
C
C
C
= Hoc
4
2
3
1
C
C
C
C
=
Th khi K ng hay K m, in dung ca b






A
B
A
B
D
C
+
-
C
5
C
3
C
1

C
4
C
2

C
1

A
B
C
1
C
1

C
2 C
2

M
M N C
5

A
B
C
4

C
2

C
1

C
3

B
N
M C
2
C
1

A
C
4

C
3

K
http://vatlylamdong.com/
16
t u khng thay i




59. Trong cc hnh di y C
1
= C
4
= C
5
=2 F ; C
2
= 1 F ; C
3
= 4 F . Tnh in dung ca b t in.



























60. Cho mch in nh hnh v:
Ngun U
MA
= 3V; U
NB
= 8V,
T C
1
=2 F ; C
2
= 3 F .
Tnh hiu in th ca mi t
/S U
NM
= 3V; U
AB
= 2V

61. T in phng khng kh c tch in bng ngun in c hiu in th l U. Hi nng lng ca t
in thay i nh th no, nu tng khong cch gia hai bn t in ln gp i? Cho bit trc khi d
tng:
a) Vn ni t vi ngun in
b) T c ngt ra khi ngun in
/S: a) Gim cn mt na b) Tng gp i
62. T in C
1
= 0,5 F c tch in n hiu in th U
1
= 90V ri ngt t ra khi ngun. Sau t C
1

c ni song song vi t C
2
= 0,4 F cha tch in. Tnh nng lng ca tia la in pht ra khi ni
hai t vi nhau(Khi ni hai t vi nhau gim nng lng chuyn ho thnh nng lng ca tia la
in).
/S: 900 J
63.T in phng khng kh d= 5mm, S= 100cm
2
, nhit lng to ra khi t phng in l 4,19.10
-3
J.
Tm U np /S: 21,7kV
64.Nm t in ging nhau, mi t c in dung l C= 0,2 F mc ni tip nhau. B t c nng lng l
W = 2.10-4J. Tnh hiu in th ca mi t. 20V
65.T in phng khng kh c tch in ri ngt ra khi ngun . Hi nng lng ca t thay i nh
th no khi nhng t vo in mi lng c hng s in mi l 2 = c /S: Gim i 2 ln
66.T in phng khng kh v in dung l C= 10-10F c tch in n hiu in th U= 100V ri
ngt ra khi ngun. Tnh cng cn thit tng khong cch gia hai bn t ln hai ln
/S: 5.10
-7
C
67.T in phng khng kh v in dung l C= 6 F c tch in n hiu in th U= 600V ri ngt
ra khi ngun. Nhng t vo in mi lng c hng s in mi l 4 v nhng ngp 2/3 din tch ca mi
bn. Tnh hiu in th ca mi bn.
/S: 200V
68.Mt ht bi c khi lng l m= 0,2g mang
in tch q=5.10
-5
C t st bn dng ca t in
phng khng kh. Hai bn t cch nhau d= 5cm
v hiu in th gia hai bn t l U=500V.
Tm thi gian ht bi chuyn ng gia
hai bn t v vn tc ca n khi n bn t m.
B qua tc dng ca trng lc. E

C
1

C
2

C
3

C
5
C
4

B A
C
1

C
2

C
3

C
5

C
4

C
5

B
A
A B
M
N
C1
C2
+
_
+
_
+
x
F
O
-
_-
http://vatlylamdong.com/
17
/S: t=2.10
-3
s v v=50m/s





69.T in phng khng kh, hai bn t c khong cch d= 1cm, chiu di mi bn t l L=5cm, Hiu
in th gia hai bn t l U= 91V. Mt electron bay vo in trng gia hai bn t theo phng song
song vi cc bn t vi vn tc ban u v
0
= 2.107 m/s v bay ra khi in trng ca t. B qua tc dng
ca trng lc
a) Vit phng trnh chuyn ng ca electron
b) Tm di ca electron theo phng vung gc
vi cc bn t khi n va bay ra khi t
c) Tnh vn tc ca electron khi n bay ra khi t
d) Tnh cng ca lc in trng
/S: a)y=2.x
2

b) 5mm
c) 2,04. 10
4
m/s
2
d) A= 7,28.10
-18
J
70.Mt electron c ng nng ban u l
W
0
= 1500eV bay vo trong in trng ca
t in phng theo hng hp vi bn dng
mt gc 15
0
. Chiu di mmi bn t l L=5cm,
khong cch giahai bn t l d= 1cm.
Tnh hiu in th gia hai bn t electron
ri khi t theo phng song song vi cc bn t







+
_
+
_
V
0
V