Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MC LC
Li cm n .............................................................................................................. 2
Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn ........................................................................ 3
Nhn xt ca nh my ............................................................................................ 4
Phn 1 TNG QUAN V N V SN XUT ...................................................... 5
1.1 Gii thiu cng ty ...................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ............................................................................... 5
1.3 Chc nng v nhim v ca cng ty ........................................................................ 6
1.4 Tnh hnh lao ng .................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Trnh cng ngh ................................................................................................... 7
1.6 Thng hiu v nhn hiu sn phm ....................................................................... 7
1.7 C cu nhn s ca cng ty ...................................................................................... 8
1.8 Phng hng hot ng v k hoch sn xut kinh doanh .................................. 9
1.9 Sn phm.................................................................................................................. 14
1.10 An ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy ........................................................ 14
Phn 2 NGUYN LIU SN XUT ...................................................................... 16
2.1 Cu to ha hc ca ht la m ............................................................................... 16
2.2 Tnh cht vt l ca ht la m ............................................................................... 17
Phn 3 QUY TRNH CNG NGH ...................................................................... 20
3.1 Quy trnh cng ngh ................................................................................................ 20
3.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh............................................................................................. 22
3.3 M t cng ngh ti nh my .................................................................................. 27
Phn 4 MY THIT B ....................................................................................... 33
4.1 Thit b bc d vn chuyn..................................................................................... 33
4.2 H thng my trong dy chuyn ............................................................................. 38
4.3 Quy tc vn hnh cc thit b.................................................................................. 53
Phn 5 SN PHM ................................................................................................. 67
5.1 Cc sn phm chnh v ph .................................................................................... 67
5.2 Cc ch tiu nh gi cht lng la m ................................................................. 67
Phn 6 PH LC .................................................................................................... 69
6.1 K thut ly mu ..................................................................................................... 69
6.2 Phng php ly mu la........................................................................................ 70
6.3 Phng php ly mu bt ....................................................................................... 72
6.4 Phng php xc nh cc ch tiu ca la m ...................................................... 73
6.5 Phng php xc nh cc ch tiu ca bt m ...................................................... 79
-Trang 1-
Thc tp tt nghip
LI CM N
-Trang 2-
Thc tp tt nghip
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
-Trang 3-
Thc tp tt nghip
NHN XT CA NH MY
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
-Trang 4-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
+ Kinh doanh cc mt hng khc theo giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh
ca Tng Cng ty Lng thc Min Nam.
Cng ty Bt m Bnh An c tin hnh c phn ha theo Quyt nh s
136/2003/Q TTg ngy 10/07/2003 ca Th tng Chnh ph v vic ph duyt
n tng th sp xp li doanh nghip Nh nc thuc Tng Cng ty Lng thc
Min Nam, v Quyt nh s 779/Q/BNN TCCB ngy 06/04/2004 ca B Nng
nghip v Pht trin Nng thn.
Ngy 24/11/2004 B Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn ra Quyt nh s
4196/Q/BNN TCCB chuyn b phn doanh nghip Nh nc Cng ty Bt m
Bnh An thnh cng ty c phn.
Ngy 31/5/2005 cng ty c phn Bt m Bnh An Vinabomi t chc i
Hi ng C ng thnh lp cng ty, thng qua iu l, tin hnh ng k kinh
doanh, v chnh thc i vo hot ng t ngy 01/07/2005 theo giy chng nhn
ng k kinh doanh s 4103003542 do S K hoch v u t TPHCM cp ngy
29/06/2005.
1.3.2 Nhim v
Sn xut, kinh doanh ng ngnh ngh theo giy chng nhn ng k kinh
doanh.
S dng vn, ngun vn c hiu qu; bo ton v pht trin vn.
T chc sn xut, kinh doanh, ng dng cng ngh, khoa hc k thut; qun
l, s dng, bo qun my mc thit b v cc ti sn khc.
Thc hin ngha v np thu, cc khon np ngn sch Nh nc theo lut
nh.
Chp hnh nghim chnh cc ch trng ca ng, php lut ca Nh nc.
-Trang 6-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
Tng Gim c
Ph Tng Gim c
P. K thut
Sn xut
Ph Tng Gim c
P. T chc
Hnh chnh
P. Ti chnh
K ton
P. K hoch
Kinh doanh
Thc tp tt nghip
hoch u t c bn, qun l kho hng, hng ha; cung ng vt t, nguyn vt liu
v tiu th sn phm.
-Trang 9-
Thc tp tt nghip
1.8.2 Phn tch SWOT (im mnh, im yu, c hi, thch thc)
im mnh
+ Thng hiu sn phm bt m Bnh An c nh gi cao trn th
trng: Do cht lng n nh v c kh nng p ng cc yu cu a dng ca
khch hng, thng hiu bt m Bnh An c rt nhiu khch hng ln v kh
tnh chp nhn. Vi th phn t 7% n 10%, Cng ty Bt m Bnh An c coi l
mt trong s cng ty hng u cung cp bt m ti th trng Vit Nam.
+ C mi quan h tt vi ngun khch hng n nh: Cc nm qua Cng ty
thit lp v duy tr tt mi quan h vi cc Cng ty ln ti Vit Nam nh Vina
Acecook Vietnam, Uni President, Masan, Miliket Colusa, Vifon, Vinamilk,
Gomex, Cc cng ty ny tiu th trc tip khong 50% tng sn lng bt m ca
Cng ty.
+ H thng phn phi, v mng li i l rng: Hin ti Cng ty Bt m
Bnh An c 34 i l phn phi ln trn ton quc. Mng li cc i l ny ang
phn phi khong 50% tng sn lng ca Cng ty. Cng ty v cc i l c quan
h mua t bn on, do hu nh khng pht sinh tnh trng n xu.
im yu
+ Khu tip th sn phm, m rng th trng cha mnh: Trong thi gian
qua Cng ty tp trung gi th phn v cng chy ht cng sut my mc thit b,
do cha ch pht trin th trng mi. Trong thi gian sp ti Cng ty s ch
trng hn na cng tc ny m bo ginh c th phn trong iu kin s cnh
tranh ngy cng tng.
+ Gi thnh sn phm tng i cao: Cng ty Bt m Bnh An phi nhp
khu 100% la m sn xut lm cho chi ph lu kho, chi ph bo qun nguyn
vt liu tng cao l nguyn nhn dn ti tnh trng gi thnh ca Cng ty b i ln.
C hi.
+ Th trng bt m ngy cng pht trin: D bo trong tng lai nhu cu
tiu th bt m s cn tip tc gia tng. S gia tng dn s hay nhng thay i trong
hnh vi tiu th thc phm nh ngi tiu dng c xu hng tiu th nhiu cc thc
phm lm t bt m l nhng nguyn nhn chnh lm cho nhu cu v bt m ca
Vit Nam s cn tip tc tng. Thm vo cc sn phm lm t bt m bt u
xut khu c sang cc nc khc. Hn na mt s ngnh nui trng thy sn
cng bt u s dng bt m lm thc n cho gia sc v vt nui cng gp phn
lm gia tng nhu cu v bt m. Vi tc tng trng nhu cu ca th trng bt
m khong 10%/nm l c hi tt cho Cng ty Bt m Bnh An tip tc nghin cu
sn xut ra cc loi bt cht lng cao phc v nhu cu th trng ngy cng gia
tng ny.
-Trang 10-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 11-
Thc tp tt nghip
CH TIU
Vn iu l
Sn lng tiu th
Tn
- Bt m
Tn
- La m
Tn
2007
2008
2009
44.700
44.700
44.700
60.000
60.000
60.000
10.000
12.000
Triu ng
Triu ng
%
Triu ng
%
381. 591
12.195
0
12. 195
27,28
427.000
12.561
14
10. 802
28,10
436.000
12.938
14
11. 127
28,94
% nm
12
12
12
ng/c phiu
12.000
12.000
12.000
Ngi
110
110
110
Triu ng
3,6
3,6
3,6
2.000
Nng cp ng ni b
2007
1.000
2007
3.000
2006 2010
3.000
2007
3.000
2007
1.500
2006 2010
1.500
-Trang 12-
MC TIU
U T
Ci thin ni lm
vic (*)
Xy mi
Gim chi ph
SXKD
Sa cha, bo tr
phn xng sn
xut.
H gi thnh sn
phm
Vn chuyn la
m, bt m
Thay mi thng
xuyn 12 trc/
nm.
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 13-
Thc tp tt nghip
+ Thc hin nim yt c phiu trn th trng chng khon nhm to ra tnh
thanh khon c phiu v to thm mt knh thu ht vn u mi cho cng ty, gia
tng hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh.
V cng tc t chc
+ Son tho b sung hoc ban hnh quy ch, quy nh trong hot ng sn
xut kinh doanh ca n v. Lp k hoch o to, o to li lao ng hoc tuyn
dng mi p ng yu cu ca Cng ty, t chc li i ng lao ng bc xp,
xy dng nh mc loa ng st vi thc t, thc hin vic tr lng theo tng khu
vc, hon thin t chc hot ng c hiu qu hn.
+ Tin hc ha cc hot ng vn phng, hot ng qun l.
1.9 SN PHM
Sn phm ca cng ty l: bt m, cm m, cc loi tp cht
Nhn hiu ca cng ty:
+ Bt m Hoa Sen.
+ Bt m Chm Nho.
+ Bt m Hoa Mai.
+ Bt m Hoa Lan.
+ Bt m Hoa Tulip.
+ Bt m Hoa Cc.
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 15-
Thc tp tt nghip
Hnh 2.1: La m
-Trang 16-
Thc tp tt nghip
2.2.2 ln ca ht:
ln ca ht c nh gi thng qua ch tiu khi lng 1000 ht. i
vi la m khi lng 1000 ht trong khong 25 50g.
ln ca ht la m nh hng n cht lng bt trong qu trnh nghin.
Ht cng ln th t l ni nh cng cao, dn n thu hi lng bt trong qu trnh
nghin cng nhiu.
Trong ch bin ngoi ln ca ht, ngi ta cn quan tm n ng u
ca ht la m. Ch tiu ny nh hng n cht lng lm vic ca h thng my
mc, thit b, c bit l nh hng n vic iu chnh khe h gia hai trc nghin.
+ cht:
Trong :
+ V: th tch ton khi ht.
+ W: th tch cc phn t rn chim ch.
+ rng ca khi ht la m khong 35 45%.
-Trang 17-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
thng ht trng trong chim > 40%. trng trong cng cao th tnh cht cng
ngh ca ht cng tt. Trong qu trnh nghin th ta thu c nhiu tm nghin
thnh bt.
Trong ch bin ngi ta chia mc trng trong ca khi ht thnh ba loi:
+ trng trong thp: < 40%.
+ trng trong trung bnh: 40 60%.
+ trng trong cao: > 60%.
Hm lng gluten t: l khi lng khi do n hi do lng protein ht
nc n ra to thnh. Hm lng gluten t quyt nh do dai ca bt m. Cht
lng ca cc sn phm lm t bt ph thuc rt nhiu vo hm lng ny.
-Trang 19-
Thc tp tt nghip
La m nguyn liu
X l nguyn liu
Nghin, sng
ng bao
Sn phm
Hnh 3.1: S quy trnh cng ngh tng qut
Cng on x l nguyn liu:
La m nguyn liu
Sng tp cht
Tp cht
Kim loi
Sng
La sau
Hnh 3.2: S quy trnh cng ngh cng on x l nguyn liu
-Trang 20-
Thc tp tt nghip
Cn
Nghin
Sng vung
Mnh v to
Bt
Tm
Nghin
Sng thanh
Sng vung
Nghin
Bt
Sng vung
Ph gia
Phi trn
ng bao
Sn phm
Hnh 3.3: S quy trnh cng ngh cng on nghin sng
-Trang 21-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 22-
Thc tp tt nghip
Cc bin i ch yu:
+ Vt l: kim loi st b ht bi nam chm v tch ra khi khi ht
+ Ha hc: lm gim lng kim loi c trong la.
Cc yu t nh hng:
+ Thnh phn kim loi c trong khi ht.
+ Vn tc dng ht
+ Din tch tip xc ca ht la v nam chm.
Thit b: my tch kim loi
3.2.3 Sng
Mc ch: chun b nhm loi b , si cn st li trong khi ht phc
v cho qu trnh ch bin.
Cc bin i ch yu:
+ Vt l: khi lng gim do cc tp cht nng nh , si c tch ra, t
trng gim do khi lng gim.
+ Ha hc: gim thnh phn v c to bi , si,
Cc yu t nh hng: tng t nh sng tp cht
Thit b: my sng .
3.2.4 Gia m v m
Mc ch: chun b nhm to thun li cho qu trnh nghin
+ Qu trnh gia m: l qu trnh phun nc tip xc u ln b mt ht la m.
Mc ch ca qu trnh ny l: lm cho lp v la tr nn dai hn, t b nghin vn
trong qu trnh nghin, lm mm ht la qu trnh nghin thun li hn v tn
nng lng.
+ Qu trnh : la cn c mt thi gian sau lhi gia m m ht phn b
u trn ton khi ht.
Cc bin i ch yu:
+ Vt l: khi lng v th tch tng do ht ht m v trng n, ht tr nn
mm v xp hn.
+ Ha hc: lin kt gia lp v v ni nh tr nn lng lo bi s c mt ca
nc.
+ Ha l: s hydrate ha ca tinh bt c trong ni nh lm tng xp.
+ Cm quan: b mt ht tr nn bng, t do s c mt ca nc t do.
Cc yu t nh hng:
+ Lng nc gia m v thi gian m: ph thuc vo tng loi la m
cng hay la m mm, m ban u ca ht la m. La m cng kh, cng th
lng nc gia m cng nhiu v thi gian cng di. i vi la m loi mm
-Trang 23-
Thc tp tt nghip
Trong :
Gn: lng nc cn thit cho gia m (lt/gi)
Gh: lng ht la cn gia m (kg/gi)
W1: m ban u ca ht (%)
W2: m sau khi m (%)
3.2.5 Nghin
Mc ch: khai thc
Nghin l qu trnh bin ht la m thnh cc phn t nh hn nh tc dng ca
ngoi lc ph v lin kt ca cc phn t bt.
Cc bin i ch yu:
+ Vt l: kch thc ht gim dn t ht la m thnh dng bt mn, th tch
gim, nhit tng nh do ma st vi trc nghin v cc ht vi nhau, lin kt gia
v v ht b ph v di tc dng ca lc c hc to bi trc nghin.
+ Ha l: s bay hi m do ma st lm tng nhit nhng khng ng k.
+ Cm quan: bt tr nn mm, mn v sng hn.
Nguyn l
C nhiu nguyn l nghin khc nhau s dng ph hp cho cc loi sn phm
nghin khc nhau nh:
+ Nghin va p: loi my nghin ba.
+ Nghin ct x: cc loi my nghin dng a ct.
My nghin s dng trong ngnh sn xut bt m l loi nghin nhiu trc. My
ny s dng nguyn l nghin: ct, p, x.
-Trang 24-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 25-
Thc tp tt nghip
3.2.7 nh ti:
Mc ch: chun b cho qu trnh sng nhm lm cho cc ht vi bi vn cc
sau qu trnh nghin tch ri nhau.
Cc bin i ch yu: (ch yu l vt l) cc khi bt tr nn ti xp hn.
Cc yu t nh hng:
+ Vn tc trc quay
+ Thi gian quay
+ Bn cht nguyn liu
Thit b: my nh ti dng trng, a
3.2.9 nh v
Mc ch:
+ Khai thc: lp v cm tch ra sau nghin cn ln khong 10 20% bt nn
thu hi trit lng bt ny cn tc dng lc ph v lin kt gia v v bt st.
+ Chun b: cho qu trnh sng thu hi lng bt st ny.
-Trang 26-
Thc tp tt nghip
3.2.10 ng bao
Mc ch:
+ Hon thin: nhm to ra n v sn phm c nhn hiu, khi lng tnh v
bao b, thun li cho phn phi v tiu dng.
+ Bo qun: cch ly sn phm bt m vi mi trng khng kh xung quanh
trnh ht m lm gim cht lng bt.
Cc bin i ch yu: ha l, bt c th ht m nhng khng ng k
Thit b: my ng bao.
-Trang 27-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 28-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
1.34. My nghin tp cht (loi my nghin ba) lp ti tng trt, nng sut nghin
0,8 tn/gi, nghin ton b tp cht thnh cm.
1.35. Qut cao p HTM 9. 15, p sut 0,8atm, ht cm nghin sau khi nghin t
tng trt ln lu 4, lng xung thng cha cm nghin GRINDET OFFALS qua 2
cyclon MGXA 49/93, MGXA 40/135 v 2 MPS 22/9. Lung kh thi c thi ra
ngoi.
1.36. Di thng cha cm nghin c lp t mt my rung x liu DMVS 33
gip vic ly cm ra khi bn c thun tin.
1.37. Cm nghin c vn chuyn ti 2 bn cha cm POLLARD bng h thng
kh ng. Qut cao p HTM 15. 14, p sut 0,8atm, ht cm nghin t thng cha
cm nghin ln lu 5, qua 2 cyclon MGX 60, MGX 60P v 2 ngn gi MPSA 28/22,
MPSA 22/19 lng xung 2 bn cm POLLARD. Lung kh thi c thi ra ngoi.
-Trang 30-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 31-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
Mt s thut ng s dng
+ GERM: mm la c tch t ht.
+ OFFAL: hn hp gm v tru, cm, mm la cng vi mnh ht la m b,
ht ln loi khng cho php c trong bt. Chng c s dng lm thc n gia sc.
+ SEMOLINA: phn bt th ly ra t loi la m Durum dng lm m ng
(Macaroni), m spaghetti, min (vermicelli)
+ POLLARD/CM: l 1 hn hp cm m (cm mn v cm th) v sn phm
nghin t OFFAL. Chng c s dng lm thc n gia sc.
Phn 4 MY THIT B
4.1 THIT B BC D VN CHUYN
4.1.1 My ht la
Cu to:
-Trang 33-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.1.2 Gu ti
Cu to:
1
5
6
7
8
9
Hnh 4.2: S cu to gu ti
1. Trc puly ch ng.
2. Ming x liu.
3. Thn gu ti.
4. Gu ti.
5. Dy gu ti.
-Trang 34-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.1.3 Xch ti
Cu to:
1
7
-Trang 35-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.1.4 Vis ti
Cu to:
3
4
-Trang 36-
Thc tp tt nghip
10
11
-Trang 37-
Thc tp tt nghip
A
4
5
1
6
3
D
E
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.2 Sng :
Cu to:
-Trang 39-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.3 Thit b ht bi
Cu to:
1
2
4
5
-Trang 40-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.4 H thng lm m la
Cu to:
-Trang 41-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 42-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 43-
Thc tp tt nghip
trn. Nguyn liu vo sng qua cc ming np liu xung tng lp li sng. Ti
y nguyn liu phn ra thnh nhng sn phm khc nhau do vic sp xp cc lp
li sng c kch thc khc nhau. Cc sn phm ny i xung di y bung
sng qua cc ca c thit k sn trong hp li v cc ng i bn vch bung
sng ra ngoi.
+ Trong qu trnh hot ng, b mt li sng c t ng lm sch nh
mt dng c lm sch t gi b mt li sng. Lp li an nm bn di li
sng c kch thc l li ln cho sn phm lt qua v gi nh v ming lm sch.
Ming lm sch ny s xoa ln b mt di ca li sng trong qu trnh sng hot
ng.
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 46-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.11 My nh v cm:
Cu to:
Hnh 4.17: My nh v cm
-Trang 47-
Thc tp tt nghip
Hnh 4.18: S cu to my ng gi
1. Nt thm nht.
4. Trc cnh qut.
2. Chi qut.
5. Motor in.
3. V my.
Nguyn l hot ng:
Motor in truyn chuyn ng quay cho trc cnh gt ca b truyn ng vi
vn tc khong 30 60 vng/pht. Cnh v phn v c ch to rt chnh xc
m bo khng cho khng kh lt qua. Cc cnh quay s gt sn phm ri xung
theo chiu quay ca cnh. Chi 2 c nhim v lm sch cnh lm vic ca cnh
rotor. C hai dng cnh: cnh thng v cnh xin.
-Trang 48-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 49-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 50-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.15 Cn nh lng:
Cu to:
-Trang 51-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.2.16 Cn cm:
Cu to:
-Trang 52-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.3.2 Thit b lc ti
Kim tra m my thi kh nn cho lc ti ( lu 4).
Kh nn lm sch ti vi lc phi t p sut 0.5 0.6bar.
Kim tra ng kn ca bung lc.
Kim tra h thng in iu khin b phn lm sch ti lc bng kh nn,
kim tra kn ca ng kh nn.
Kim tra thng xuyn tnh trng lm vic ca cc ti vi lc, thay th sa
cha ti vi khi ti b rch, nght.
Trong qu trnh hot ng thng xuyn quan st ng h p sut trong
khoang gn ti vi (nu c). Nu kim ch vt qu tr s 10 phi tin hnh v sinh
ti lc.
-Trang 53-
Thc tp tt nghip
o Cc ca m la vo cc hm ca vis ti s 1 phi ng kn tr hm la
-Trang 54-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 56-
Thc tp tt nghip
+ Kim tra chiu quay ca vis ti, xch ti, bng ti.
+ iu chnh cng dy xch ti, bng ti nu b chng.
+ Theo di hot ng pht hin kp thi s c nght vis ti, bng ti, xch
ti.
+ Tuyt i khng chm vo cc b phn ang chuyn ng.
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
4.3.6 My gia m la
Trc khi m my
+ Kim tra bao che an ton.
+ Kim tra h thng in nc.
+ M vis ti la m sau my gia m.
Vn hnh
+ Nhn nt khi ng my gia m chho my chy khng ti khong 5 pht.
+ M liu vo my.
+ Chnh lng nc vo thit b cho ph hp yu cu.
+ Thng xuyn theo di hot ng ca my, khi c s c my phi ngng
my, ct in v tin hnh kim tra sa cha hay bo cho ngi c trch nhim.
+ Khng th tay vo trong gung my khi my ang hot ng.
+ Tuyt i khng tin hnh sa cha khi my cha dng li hon ton.
+ Khi ngng sn xut phi ch ht liu trong my mi c tt my.
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
-Trang 57-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 58-
Thc tp tt nghip
Vn hnh my
+ Nhn nt hp in iu khin cho my chy khng ti khong 5 pht.
+ Kim tra my hot ng khng ti nu khng c s c no th m liu vo
my.
+ Trong qu trnh my hot ng phi thng xuyn theo di gii quyt
kp thi cc s c my nh nght, rch li sng,
+ Trong qu trnh lm vic bnh thng ch nhn nt dng my khi ht liu
trong my.
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
4.3.10 My ph gia
Trc khi m my
+ Kim tra truyn ng
+ Kim tra h thng dy dn in
Vn hnh
+ Nhn nt m my
+ M bin tn iu chnh ph gia theo yu cu
+ Thng xuyn theo di hot ng ca my x l kp thi.
+ Khng th tay vo trong gung my khi my ang hot ng.
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
4.3.11 My nh v cm
Trc khi m my
+ Kim tra h thng truyn ng ai
+ Kim tra li sng
+ Kim tra hp nt nhn khi ng my
Vn hnh my
+ Nhn nt hp in iu khin cho my chy khng ti khong 5 pht
+ Kim tra my hot ng khng ti nu khng c s c no th m liu vo
my.
+ Trong qu trnh my hot ng nn thng xuyn theo di gii quyt kp
thi cc s c my nh nght, rch li sng.
+ Trong qu trnh lm vic bnh thng ch nhn nt dng my khi ht liu
trong my
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
-Trang 59-
Thc tp tt nghip
4.3.12 My sng
Trc khi m my
+ Kim tra h thng truyn ng, qut thi, my nn kh b phn ly sn.
+ Kim tra li sng
+ Bi trn nh k ti cc v tr cn thit
+ ng van np liu
Vn hnh my
+ M my chy khng ti 5 pht
+ M ca np liu iu chnh lng liu thch hp. Lu thng cha liu vo
sng phi lun lun c cha liu (khong 2/3 thng) sng chy n nh.
+ iu chnh my m bo tch sn vi hiu sut cao nht, la ra theo
sn t nht.
+ Thng xuyn theo di gii quyt kp thi khi my c s c.
+ Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc b phn chuyn
ng dng li hon ton.
+ Trc khi ngng my phi sng ht la cn li trn sng.
-Trang 60-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 61-
Thc tp tt nghip
+ T in iu khin lu 1 (t mi CKLA).
Chun b
+ My nn kh v my sy kh phi hot ng cung cp kh nn cho h
thng iu khin cn bt, my tit trng bt F1.
+ Kim tra tnh trng cc bn cha bt chn bn cha cho thch hp.
+ Kim tra s b cc thit b, h thng truyn ng, h thng in.
+ Kim tra lng nht bi trn ca cc my thi, my nn kh.
Vn hnh
+ Chn bn cha bt theo ch t ng (Auto) hay bng tay (Man).
+ Xc nh ch ng thng ca cc van MAYH a bt vo bn.
o Nu ch Man th tt c cc contact u v tr Man.
o Nu ch Auto th tt c cc contact u v tr Auto.
+ M my tit trng bt F1 (lu : trc khi m my tit trng F1, phi m
van kh nn trc 10 giy v tt van kh nn sau khi tt my tit trng 60 giy).
+ M ngn gi my thi bt F1.
+ M my thi bt F1, theo di ng h p sut phi trong khong gi tr
quy nh.
+ M ngn gi di cn V120 cho bt F1.
+ M vis ti s 16 cho bt F1.
+ M my tit trng bt F2.
+ M ngn gi my thi bt F2.
+ M my thi bt F2, theo di ng h p sut phi trong khong gi tr
quy nh.
+ M ngn gi di cn V60 cho bt F2.
+ M vis ti s 17 cho bt F2.
+ Ch iu khin bng tay:
o Mun a bt vo bn no, ta nhn nt trn t in iu khin van
MAYH chuyn hng thi bt vo bn .
o Mun bt vo bn s 1
o Ta nhn nt B1 3 trc ri nhn nt B1 n bo hiu sang. Lc ny
ng thi bt vo bn s 1 sn sng.
o Mun bt vo bn s 4
o Ta nhn nt B2 4 trc ri nhn nt B4 n bo hiu sang. Lc ny
ng thi bt vo bn s 4 sn sng.
o Khi bt y bn, ta quan st n bo hiu y bn trn t in sang
nhn chuyn bt qua bn khc.
+ Ch t ng chuyn bn:
o ch t ng, bt c t ng a vo bn bt theo cc th t, bn
no y s t chuyn qua bn khc theo tng cp bn 1 3, 2 4 v 5 6.
-Trang 62-
Thc tp tt nghip
2 trng hp:
Nu bn s 1 vn y th bt t ng chuyn qua bn s 2.
Nu bn s 1 vi th bt t ng chuyn li vo bn s 1.
o Trng hp bt thi vo bn s 2, khi bn 2 y th bt t ng chuyn
qua bn 4. Khi bn 4 y th bt s t ng chuyn sang bn s 2 nu s 2 vi, cn
khng s chuyn li bn s 1.
o Cp bn bt F2 s 5, s 6 hot ng tng t theo nguyn tc trn.
+ Ghi ch:
o Khi cn bt V120/V60 b qu ti, bt y trn ng ng vo cn, vis ti
bt s 16/s 17 s ngt v ch chy li khi ht bt trong ng.
o Khi ng ng thi bt F1/F2 b qu ti, kim ng h bo p sut kh nn
ca my thi ch qu v tr quy nh, ngn gi thi bt s ngt v t ng chy li
khi kim ng h tr li trong khong quy nh.
o La ch m cho vo dy chuyn nghin khi m hon tt h thng thi
bt vo bn.
o Khi mun a bt thnh phm vo cha trong bn s 5/s 6, ta phi s
dng h thng gu ti v vis ti bt c.
o Ch tin hnh x l s c khi my c ngt in v cc chi tit
chuyn ng dng li hon ton.
Khi ngng hot ng:
+ H thng nghin sng phi ngng trc.
+ Tt vis ti bt s 16/s 17.
+ Tt ngn gi cn bt V120/V60 (khng cn ngt in cho cn, tr khi my
ngh 1 ngy tr ln).
+ Tt ngn gi thi bt, my thi bt.
+ Tt my tit trng (lu : kh nn cho my tit trng phi tt sau my tit
trng khong 60 giy).
-Trang 63-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 64-
Thc tp tt nghip
S b nh
Khi lng tnh (kg)
2
40.050 (Bt TP)
4
25.050 (Bt TP)
5
40.050 (Bt F2)
9
50.050 (Bt TP)
+ Nhn li phm Enter
+ Nhn phm (-) tr li mn hnh lm vic.
+ Nhn phm F kim tra li tr s ci t
(v d: khi ta chn s 4, mn hnh ch th hin LOAD 25.05 4.)
+ Vn hnh trm ng bao bnh thng.
Sau khi ngng hot ng
+ Khi khng cn lm vic, phi x ht bt cn trong cc cn bt v khng
bao bt cn treo trn my.
+ Khng cn ngt in cung cp cho trm ng bao, tr trng hp ngh mt
ngy tr ln hay ngh sa cha.
+ Khng cn ngt van cung cp kh nn.
+ V sinh bn trong trm ng bao v khu vc ng bao.
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 66-
Thc tp tt nghip
Phn 5 SN PHM
5.1 CC SN PHM CHNH V PH
5.1.1 Sn phm chnh: bt m, gm cc nhn hiu:
Bt m Hoa Sen.
Bt m Chm Nho.
Bt m Hoa Mai.
Bt m Hoa Lan.
Bt m Hoa Tulip.
Bt m Hoa Cc.
m
mn
Lng tro
chua
Lng gluten t
Protein
mu
Hoa Lan
14.0
94.0
0.60
2.70
32.0
12.0
2.50
Hoa Sen
14.0
94.0
0.60
2.70
28.0
10.0
2.50
Hoa Cc
14.0
94.0
0.65
2.70
26.0
9.50
3.50
Hoa Mai
14.0
93.0
0.65
2.70
25.0
9.0
3.50
Chm Nho
14.0
93.0
0.65
2.70
24.0
8.50
3.50
5.2.2 Cc ch tiu ha l:
m: m bt < 14%.
mn: mn ca bt c xc nh bng ch tiu:
+ Lng bt cn li trn ry c kch thc l 420420 m.
+ Lng bt lt qua ry c kch thc l 118118 m.
-Trang 67-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 68-
Thc tp tt nghip
Phn 6 PH LC
6.1 K THUT LY MU
6.1.1 Ly mu ngu nhin n gin
Thng p dng cho cch ly mu trong kho. Trong mt tp hp ta ly ra
mt lng mu bt k nhng a im bt k. im bt k thng da vo
bng ngu nhin.
Theo cch ly mu ngu nhin n gin ny, mu s i din kh cht ch
cho l hng nn ta c chnh xc cao nhng th t ly mu khng theo mt trt t
no nn ly mu kh vt v i khi khng thc hin c.
6.1.3 Ly mu nhiu mc
Ngi ta s dng phng php ny khi sn phm bo qun trong kho c
xp theo cc gi, trong thng, trong hp. K thut ly mu lc ny l phn chia l
hng trong kho thnh nhiu mc:
+ Mc 1: cc gi
+ Mc 2: cc thng
+ Mc 3: cc hp
Nguyn l ly mu:
+ Ly ngu nhin mt s n v mc th nht.
+ Tip theo trong s cc n v mc th nht chn c ta ly ngu
nhin mt s n v mc th hai.
+ Cui cng ta chn ngu nhin cc mu mc th ba t s cc n v mc
th hai chn c.
+ Vic ly mu nh vy gi l ly mu theo mc gim dn. c im ca ly
mu nhiu mc l n gin hn nhng km chnh xc hn so vi ly mu ngu
nhin n gin.
-Trang 69-
Thc tp tt nghip
6.2.2 Ly mu la
Dng c ly mu
+ Ly mu ban u bng xin ly mu
+ Xin ly mu dng ly mu la x c chiu di t 0.5 0.7m.
+ Xin ly mu dng ly mu la bao c chiu di t 0.3 0.5m.
+ Cch ly mu: t xin thng vo im ly mu, hng t di ln trn,
mng xin p xung, n im cn ly mu quay xin ngc li 180 0 ri rt ra.
Ly mu la x
+ Chia khi la x thnh nhng nh c din tch b mt khng ln hn 100
2
m , ly mu t 5 im (nh hnh)
1.5 cm
x
1.5 cm
x
x
x
x
-Trang 70-
Thc tp tt nghip
x: mt im gia b mt khi la
+ 4 im bn gc b mt khi la, mi im cch ng bin hai bn chng
1.5 cm.
+ mi bn im xc nh ly ly mu trn b mt khi la ly mu theo
chiu su ti 3 im:
Cch b mt khi la t 10 15cm
gia khi la
Gn st mt sn
Ly mu trong bao
+ Ly mu trong bao ti 3 v tr: trn, gia v di bao. Trc khi t xin
vo ly mu phi lm sch bao bng bn chi mm.
+ i vi nhng bao khng xin c th ly mu ti ming bao.
+ Lng bao c ch nh ly mu theo quy nh nh sau:
S bao trong l hng
Lng bao c ch nh ly
Nh hn 5
Ly tt c cc bao
T 6 100
Ly khng ln hn 5 bao
Ln hn 100
Khng t hn 5% s bao
+ Bao c ch nh ly mu c th dng phng php m s t nhin,
hoc do tha thun gia bn giao hng v bn nhn hng, theo nhng phng php
ly mu quy nh.
a im ly mu
Nguyn liu t tu la ti cng c vn chuyn nhp kho x nghip theo quy
trnh:
La ti tu
ng thy
ng b
X lan, ghe
Xe ben
Kho x nghip
6.2.3 Thnh lp mu
Thnh lp mu chung
+ T cc mu ban u nhp li thnh mu ring sao cho khi lng mu ring
khong t 500 800g.
+ Trc khi gp cc mu ring thnh mu chung phi quan st, so snh cc
mu xc nh tnh ng nht ca khi la hoc tu la.
-Trang 71-
Thc tp tt nghip
6.3.2 Ly mu bt
Ly mu ban u t cc bao ng bt bng xin ly mu. Trc khi t xin
vo bao phi lm sch ni t xin bng bn chi mm. t xin theo hng vo
cc phn gia ca bao v hng t di ln trn, mng xin p xung, sau quay
xin 1800 ri t t rt ra.
i vi nhng bao khng xin c th ly mu ban u t ming bao.
Ty theo s lng bao trong l hng m lng bao cn ly mu c quy
nh nh bng trn.
Dng phng php ly mu ngu nhin tm bao c ch nh ly mu.
Mu ban u c ly 3 v tr: trn, gia v di ca bao.
-Trang 72-
Thc tp tt nghip
6.3.3 Thnh lp mu
T mu ban u nhp li thnh mu ring sao cho khi lng mu ring
khong 200 300g.
Trc khi gp cc mu ring thnh thnh mu chung phi quan st so snh
cc mu xc nh tnh ng nht ca l hng.
Khi thy mu khng ng nht th phn chia l thnh nhng l nh ng
nht v t mi l thnh lp mt mu chung.
Mu chung c khi lng khong 2.5kg th c coi l mu trung bnh.
Trng hp mu chung ln hn 2.5kg th mu trn tm knh, dng hai bay
g o trn v dn thnh hnh vung, chia cho b hai phn i din, ri li o
trn nh trn cho n khi cn 2.5kg l mu trung bnh. Chia mu trung bnh vo
hai l nt mi, trn mi l c dn nhn.
Mt l gi n phng th nghim, mt l lu phn tch khi c tranh chp.
Thi hn bo qun mu lu khng qu 3 thng.
Thc tp tt nghip
o Rm rc.
o , si.
o Kim loi.
Ht ln loi.
Ht mc, bnh, su c.
Ht b.
Ht lp, non.
+ em cn tng loi tp cht trn cn k thut xc nh khi lng.
Tnh kt qu:
+ Tp cht c tnh bng % theo cng thc:
o
o
o
o
-Trang 74-
Thc tp tt nghip
XT: s ht trong.
X1/2: s ht va bt va trong.
-Trang 75-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 79-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 80-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 81-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 83-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 84-
Thc tp tt nghip
Thc tp tt nghip
Dng c:
+ L nung iu chnh nhit n 11000C.
+ Chn nung c dung tch 50ml: 2 ci.
+ Tm knh c kch thc 20x20cm: 2 ci.
+ Bay g.
+ Tha xc mu.
+ Cn phn tch c chnh xc n 0.0001g.
Tin hnh th:
+ nh s ln 2 chn nung.
+ Cho 2 chn nung vo t sy sy kh.
+ Lm ngui chn trong bnh ht m ri cn, ghi kt qu chnh xc n 0.1mg
theo th t s ghi trn chn nung.
+ Cho li chn vo bnh ht m.
+ Ly 30g bt t mu trung bnh ln 1 tm knh.
+ Dng bay g trn u v dn thnh 1 lp mng.
+ p bng tm knh cn li sao cho c 1 lp dy 3 4cm, m tm knh ra.
+ Dng tha ly mu bt nhng v tr khc nhau cho vo 2 chn nung, mi
chn 3g bt.
+ M my cho l nung hot ng.
+ t 2 chn mu ln bp in nung cho n khi ngng bc khi.
+ t 2 chn mu vo l nung v nng dn nhit l n 300 6000C.
+ Tin hnh nung mu trong thi gian 6 gi (n khi tro tr thnh mu trng).
+ Ly chn nung ra cho vo bnh ht m, ngui nhit phng ri cn.
+ t chn tr li l nung v nung nhit trn trong 20 pht.
+ Ly chn nung ra, lm ngui trong bnh ht m ri cn.
+ Lp li qu trnh trn nhiu ln cho n khi c khi lng khng i.
+ Ghi kt qu cui cng.
Tnh kt qu:
+ Hm lng tro (X5) tnh bng % cht kh theo cng thc:
-Trang 86-
Thc tp tt nghip
-Trang 87-