Do An Cung Cap Dien

n mn hc:
thit k h thng cp in ca nh my c kh
TRng i HC BCH KHOA H NI

KHOA: T ng ho x nghip
. ..
N MN HC
Cung cp in
ti: Thit K H Thng Cung Cp in
GVHD : ng hng quang
SVTH : nguyn xun lp
SHSV
LP
: TC07 - 4055
: TDH-T2
KHo : K47
H ni,thng 05/2011
Mc lc
Li ni u
Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni
1
n mn hc:
Chng I Xc inh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng

v ca ton nh my
1.1 t vn
1.2 Xc inh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa
cha c kh
1.3 Ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xngkhc
1.4 xc inh ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my
1.5 Xc nh tm ph ti in v v biu ph ti
Chng II Thit k mng in cao p ca x nghip
21 t vn
2.2 Vch cc phng n cung cp in
2.3 Tnh ton kinh t - k thut la chn phng n
mng in cao p hp l
2.4 Thit k cung cp in cho phng n c chn
Chng III Thit k mng in h p cho phn xng sa cha
c kh
4.1 t vn
4.2 la chn cc thit b cho t phnphi
4.3 Tnh ton ngn mch pha h p ca phn xng
SCCK
4.4 La chn thit b trong cc t ng lc v dy
dn n cc thit
Chng IV Thit k h thng chiu sng chung ca phn xng
SCCK
6.1 t vn
6.2 La chn s lng v cng sut ca h thng n
chiu sng chung.
6.3 Thit k mng in ca h thng chiu sng chung
Chng V Tnh ton b cng sut phn khng nng cao h
s cng sut
cho nh my
5.1.t vn
5.2.Chn thit b b
5.3.Xc nh v phn b dung lng b
Ti liu tham kho

2
n mn hc:
Li ni u
trong cng cuc xy dng v i mi t nc, in lc
lun gi vai tr v cng quan trng trong nn kinh t quc
dn.Ngy nay in nng tr thnh nng lng khng th thiu
c trong hu ht cc lnh vc kinh t.Mi khi c mt nh my
mi ,mt khu cng nghip mi, mt khu dn c mi c xy
dng th nhu cu v h thng cung cp in ny sinh.
Trong cng cuc cng nghip ho hin i ho t nc,m i u l cng nghip ,nn cng nghip nc ta ang c
c nhnh thnh tu ng k: cc x nghip cng nghip ,cc
nh my vi nhng dy truyn sn xut hin i v ang
c a vo hot ng .Gn lin vi nhng cng trnh ,
m bo s hot ng lin tc ,tin cy v an ton th cn phi
c mt h thng cung cp in tt.
i vi sinh vin khoa in,nhnh k s tng lai s trc tip
tham gia thit k cc h thng cung cp in nh vy ,cho nn
ngay t khi cn l sinh vin th vic c lm n cung cp
in l s tp dt ,vn dng nhng l thuyt hc vo thit
k h thng cung cp in nh mt cch lm quen vi cng
vic m sau ny ra cng tc s phi thc hin. n cung cp
in l mt bi tp thit thc n gn vi nhnh ng dng thc
t cuc sng hng ngy,tuy khi lng tnh ton l rt ln song li
thu ht c s nhit tnh ,say m ca sinh vin.
Trong thi gian lm n va qua,vi s say m c gng
,n lc trong cng vic ca bn thn cng vi s gip v ch
bo tn tnh ca cc thy c gio trong b mn H Thng in
,c bit l s gip tn tnh ca thy NG HNG QUANG
,em hon thnh n mn hc ca mnh.T n ny m
em bit cch vn dng l thuyt vo trong tnh ton thc t v
cng hiu su l thuyt hn.Tuy c gng ,say m vi n
, b nhiu cng sc cho bi tp thc t ny nhng do kin
thc cn hn ch ,chc kh trnh khi c nhiu khim
khuyt .Em mong nhn c s nhn xt v ch bo ca cc
thy c gio em c rt kinh nghim nhm hon thin tt
hn bn n ny v cc n khc.
3
n mn hc:
sinh
vin
Nguyn Xun Lp
Chng1
Xc dnh ph ti tnh ton cc phn xng v ton nh

my
1.1 t vn .
Khi thit k cung cp in cho mt cng trnh no
nhim v u tin ca chng ta l xc nh ph ti in ca
cng trnh y. Tu theo quy m ca cng trnh m ph ti
in phi c xc nh theo ph ti thc t hoc cn phi
k n kh nng pht trin ca cng trnh trong tng lai 5
nm ,10 nm hoc lu hn na .V d xc nh ph ti in
cho mt phn xng th ch yu l da vo my mc thc t
t trong phn xng , xc nh ph ti cho mt x
nghip th phi xt ti kh nng m rng x nghip trong tng
lai gn ,cn i vi thnh ph ,khu vc th chng ta phi tnh
n kh nng pht trin ca chng trong thi gian 5,10 nm
sp ti .Nh vy xc nh ph ti in l gii bi ton d bo
ph ti ngn hn hoc di hn.D bo ph ti di hn l mt
cng vic rt kh khn i hi cn c s hiu bit su
rng.D bo ph ti ngn hn tc l xc nh ph ti ca cng
trnh ngay sau khi cng trnh hon thnh i vo vn hnh
.Ph ti thng c gi l ph ti tnh ton . Ngi thit k
cn phI bit ph ti tnh ton chn cc thit b in nh:my bin p , dy dn , cc thit b ng ct ,bo v,
tnh tn tht cng sut ,in p , chon cc thit b b ,
Nh vy ph tI tinh ton l mt s liu u vo quan trng
nht ca bi ton quy hoch , tnh ton thit k .Vic xc nh
sai ph ti tnh ton c th lm kt qu tnh ton tr nn v
ngha . V d ph ti tnh ton c tnh qu ln so vi thc t
4
n mn hc:
th h thng cung cp in c thit k s d tha cng sut

dn ti lng ph v ng vn u t thm ch cn lm gia
tng thm tn tht cng sut .Ngc li ph tI tnh ton qu nh
so vi thc t thh thng cung cp in c thit k s
khng p ng c yu cu s dng in nng ca ph tI dn
ti s c trong h thng v lm gim tui th thit b .
Cng v vy hin nay c nhiu nghin cu nhm la chn c
giI php tnh ton thch hp tuy nhin cha c mt phng php
no tht hon thin .
Nhng phng php n gin thng cho kt qu khng ng
tin cy .Nhng phng php cho kt qu chnh xc thng i
hi nhiu thng tin v ph tI khi lng tnh ton ln nhiu khi
khng p dng c trong thc t .V vy nhim v ca ngi
lm thit k l xc nh c ph ti tnh ton thch hp ph
hp vi iu kin tnh ton c th c c cng nh tin cy
ca kt qu cui cng .C th a ra y mt s phng php
thng c s dng xc nh ph ti tnh ton khi quy
hoch v thit k h thng cung cp in :
1.Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton(PTTT) cng sut
t v h s nhu cu knc :
Ptt = Po .F
p tt = k nc . p d
Trong :
knc -h s nhu cu tra trong s tay k thut .

pd -cng sut t ca thit b hoc nhm
thit b ,trong tnh ton c th xem gn ng pd pdm .
2. Phng php xc nh PTTT theo cng sut trung bnh
v h s cc i :
Ptt = kmax .Ptb = kmax .ksd .Pdd
Trong :
Pdd -cng sut danh nh ca thit b hoc
nhm thit b
Ptb
- cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hoc
nhm thit b.
kmax -h s cc i tra trong s tay k thut theo
quan h
k sd -h s s dng , tra trong s tay k thut.

5
n mn hc:
nhq -s thit b dng hiu qu .

3.Phng php xc nh PTTT theo sut trang b in trn
mt n v din tch :
Ptt = Po .F
Trong :
Po -sut trang b in trn mt n v din

tch.
F -din tch b tr thit b.
2.2 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha

c kh.
Phn xng sa cha c kh l phn xng s 6.
.Trong phn xng c 35 thit b ,cng sut cc thit b rt
khc nhau ,thit b c cng sut ln nht l 30 kVA (my nn
kh) , song cng c cc thit b cng sut rt nh (0.65kW)
.Tt c cc thit b c ch lm vic di hn ,Nhng c
im ny cn c quan tm khi phn nhm ph ti ,xc
nh ph ti tnh ton v la chn phng n thit k cung
cp in cho phn xng .
2.2.1 Gii thiu phng php xc nh PTTT theo cng sut
trung bnh v h s cc i (cn gi l phng php s thit b
dng in hiu qu )
Theo phng php ny ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo
biu thc:
n
Ptt = k max .ksd . Pdm

1
Trong :
Pdm -Cng sut nh mc ca thit b th i trong
nhm.
n -S thit b trong nhm.
k sd -H s s dng ,tra trong s tay k thut.
kmax -H s cc i ,tra trong s tay k thut theo
quan h
kmax = f (n hq , k sd )
nhq - S thit b dng in hiu qu.
S thit b dng in hiu qu l s thit b c cng cng

sut ,cng ch lm vic gy ra mt hiu qu pht nhit
(hoc mc hu hoi cch in) ng bng cc ph ti thc
t (c cng cng sut v ch lm vic c th khc nhau)

6
n mn hc:
gy ra trong qu trnh lm vic, nhq c xc nh bng biu

thc tng qut sau:
n
nhq =
( Pdm ) 2
1
(P
dm
)2
Trong :
Pdm -Cng sut nh mc ca thit b th i trong
nhm.
n-S thit b trong nhm.
Khi n ln th vic xc nh nhq theo biu thc trn kh phin
phc , c th xc nh nhq theo phng php gn ng nh sau :
P
dmmax
3 v p* = 1 th nhq =n.
a.Trng hp : m = P
p
dm min
Trong :
Pdmmax -Cng sut nh mc ca thit b c cng sut ln
nht trong nhm.
Pdm min - Cng sut nh mc ca thit b c cng sut nh
nht trongnhm.
Ch nu trong nhm c n1 thit b m tng cng sut ca
chng khng ln hn 5% tng cng sut thit b c nhm th:
nhq = n- n1 .
dmmax
3 v k sd 0.2 th nhq s c xc nh theo
b. Trng hp: m = P
dm min
biu thc :
n
nhq =
2. Pdmi
1
Pdmmax
c. Khi khng p dng c cc trng hp trn vic xc nh nhq

phi tin hnh theo trnh t:
Trc ht tnh :
n* =
n1
n
p1
p
Trong :
n-S thit b trong nhm .
n1 -S thit b c cng sut khng nh hn thit
b c cng sut ln nht trong nhm .
P v P1 -tng cng sut ca n v n1 thit b

7
n mn hc:
Sau khi tnh c n* v p* tra theo s tay k thut ta tm c
nhq* = f (n* , p* ) t tnh nhq theo cng thc: nhq = nhq* .n
Khi xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo phng php trn trong

mt s trng hp c th dng cng thc gn ng sau :
*Nu n 3 v nhq < 4 ph ti tnh ton c tnh theo cng
thc :
n
Ptt = Pd m
1
*Nu n>3 v nhq < 4 th ph ti tnh ton c tnh theo cng

thc :
n
Ptt = ktt.Pdm
1
Trong :
h s ph ti ca thit b th i .Nu khng c s
liu chnh thc ,h s ph ti c th ly gn dng nh sau:
ktt =0.9 i vi thit b lm vic di hn .
ktt =0.75 i vi thit b lm vic ngn
hn lp li.
*Nu n>300 v ksd 0.5 ph ti tnh ton c tnh theo cng
thc :
n
Ptt = 1, 05.k sd . Pdmi

1
*i vi ph ti c th ph tI bng phng (cc my bm

, qut nn kh ,.)
Ph ti tnh ton c th ly bng ph tI trung bnh :
n
Ptt = Ptb = k sd . Pdm

1
*Nu mng c thit b mt pha cn phI phn phi u

cc thit b cho 3 pha ca mng , trc khi xc nh nhq cn quy
i cng sut mt pha v ba pha tng ng:
-Nu thit b mt pha u vo in p ba pha :
Pqd = 3.Pphamax
-Nu thit b mt pha u vo in p dy:
Pqd = 3.Pphamax
*Nu trong nhm c thit b tiu th in lm vic ch
ngn hn lp li th phI quy i v ch di hn trc
khi xc nh nhq theo cng thc :
Pqd = dm .Pdm
8
n mn hc: thit k h thng cp in ca nh my c kh

Trong dm -h s ng in tng i phn trm ,cho trong
li lch my .
2.2.2Trnh t xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo phng php
Ptb v kmax .
1.Phn nhm ph ti:
Trong mi phn xng thng c nhiu thit b c cng sut
v ch lm vic khc nhau , mun xc nh ph tI tnh
ton c chnh xc cn phn nhm thit b in . Vic phn
nhm thit b in cn tun theo cc nguyn tc sau:
*Cc thit b trong cng mt nhm nn gn nhau
gim chiu di ng dy h p nh vy gim c vn u t
v tn tht trn cc ng dy h p trong phn xng.
*Ch cc thit b trong cng mt nhm nn ging nhau
vic xc nh PTTT c chh xc hn v thun li cho vic
la chn phng thc cung cp in cho nhm .
*Tng cng sut ca nhm nn xp x nhau gim
chng loi t ng lc cn dng trong phan xng v ton nh
my S thit b trong mt nhm khng nn qu nhiu bi s
u ra ca cc t ng lc thng l (8-12)
Tuy nhin tho mn c ba iu kin th kh nn cn
phI la chn sao cho hp l nht .
Theo yu cu ca bn thit k th phn xng sa cha c
kh cho bit mt bng v danh sch cc thit b km
theo.Da vo cng sut v v tr t cc thit b trong phn
xng ta chia thnh 5 nhm ph ti nh sau:
- Nhm 1 gm cc thit b c stt:.23,29,31,35
- Nhm 2 gm cc thit b c
stt:.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,14,15,16
- Nhm 3 gm cc thit b c stt: 24,26,28,30,32,33
2.Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc nhm ph ti:
(Cc gi tr ksd , nhq , kmax , cos tra phc lc I.1,I.5,I.6,TL.1)
a.Xc inh ph ti tnh ton ca tng nhm:
Bng 2-1: Bng s liu cc nhm.
ST
T
Tn thit b
S lng
K hiu
trn
mt
Pm (kW)
01
Ton
my
b

9
Im
(A)
n mn hc:
1
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
1
2
3
4
2
Nhm I
My bo g
My ca trn
My p gia nhit
g
My nn kh
Tng
cng
nhm I
Nhm II
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My tin ren
My khoan ng
My khoan ng
My
phay
vn
nng
My bo ngang
My mi trn vn
nng
My mi phng
My gia
My mi sc cc
dao ct gt
My mi sc
Tng cng
nhm II
Nhm III
My khoan
My ca ai
My bo g
My mi hai
bng
4
01
01
02
23
29
31
2
7
10
2
7
20
5,06
17,72
50,64
01
05
35
30
30
59
75,96
149,
38
02
01
02
01
01
01
01
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
7
4,5
3,2
10
2,8
7
4,5
14
4,5
6,4
10
2,8
14
4,5
35,42
11,38
16,19
25,3
7,08
35,42
11,38
01
01
08
09
5,8
2,8
5,8
2,8
14,67
7,08
01
01
01
10
14
15
4
1
2,8
4
1
2,8
10,12
2,53
7,08
01
15
16
2,8
01
01
01
01
24
26
28
30
1
4,5
7
2,5
2,8 7,08
75,4 190,
73
1
4,5
7
2,5

10
2,53
11,38
17,71
6,32
n mn hc:
5
6
7
Qut gi trung p
01
32
9
9
22,77
Qut gi s 9.5
01
33
12
12
30,36
Qut gi 14
01
34
18
18
45,54
Tng cng
07
54 136,
nhm III
52
Nhm IV
1 My ca st
01
11
2,8
2,8 7,08
2 My mi hai pha
02
12
2,8
5,6 14,16
3 My khoan bn
02
13
0,65
1,3 3,28
4 My doa to
01
17
4,5
4,5 11,38
Tng cng
06
14,2 35,9
nhm IV
Nhm V
1 T sy in
02
18
7
14
35,42
2 My mi hai pha
01
19
2,8
2,8 7,08
3 My khoan bn
03
20
0,65 1,95 4,93
4 My khoan ng
01
22
7
7
17,71
Tng
cng 07
25,7 65,1
nhm V
5
4
1.3. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ng lc ca phn xng
- Ta xc nh theo cng sut trung bnh v h s cc i
tnh.
thun tin tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha c kh ta
chn h s s dng v h s cng sut (cos ) theo gi tr k
thut (Tra bng PL1.1 trang 253 thit k cung cp in) ta c
ksd = 0,14 # 0,2 v cos = 0,5 # 0,6 ta chn thng s k thut
l ksd = 0,16 v cos = 0,6.
1.3.1 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca nhm 1 vi s liu ph ti
tnh ton cho trong bng:
Ta c bng thit b n = 5; n1 = 1.
Tng cng sut trong nhm: P = 59 (kW)
Thit b c cng sut ln nht Pmax = 30 (kW)
Thit b c cng sut nh nht Pmin = 2 (kW)
Tnh n* v p* c n = 5; n1 = 1 ta c n* = n1/n = 1/5=0,2
11
n mn hc:
P1 = 30 (kW) vy
P* =
P1 30
=
= 0,508
P 59
Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,61

S thit b s dng hiu qu nhm 1 l: nhq = n*hqxn = 0,61 x 5
= 3,05 3 thit b.
C ksd = 0,16 v nhq = 3 tra theo bng PLI.6 ta tm c kmax =
3,11
Ph ti tnh ton nhm 1 l:
Ptt1 = kmax.hsd.Pmi = 3,11x0,16x59 = 29,35 (kW).
Ta c cos = 0,6 nn tg = 1,33
Vy Qtt1= Ptt1.tg = 29,35x1,33 = 39,03 (kVAr)
Stt1 = Ptt1/cos = 29,35/0,6 = 48,92 (kVA)
I tt1 =
Stt1
U 3
48,92
= 74,33( A)
0,38. 3
1.3.2. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 2 vi s liu ph ti

tnh ton cho trong bng:
Tng cng sut trong nhm: P = 75,4 (kW)
P1 = 36,8 (kW) vy
P* =
P1 36,8
=
= 0, 48
P 75, 4

S thit b s dng hiu qu nhm 2 l: nhq = n*hqxn = 0,86 x
15 = 12,9 13 thit b.
1,85
Ptt2 = kmax.hsd.Pmi = 1,85x0,16x75,4 = 22,32 (kW).
Ta c cos = 0,6 nn tg = 1,33
Stt2 = Ptt2/cos = 22,32/0,6 = 37,2 (kVA)

12
n mn hc: thit k h thng cp in ca nh my c kh

S
37, 2
I tt 2 = tt 2 =
= 56,52( A)
U 3 0,38. 3
1.3.3. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 3 vi s liu cho bng

sau:
Tng cng sut trong nhm: P = 54 (kW)
P1 = 39 (kW) vy
P* =
P1 39
=
= 0, 72
P 54

= 5,32 5 thit b.
2,87
Ptt3 = kmax.hsd.Pmi = 2,87x0,16x54 = 24,80 (kW).
Ta c cos = 0,6 nn tg = 1,33
Stt3 = Ptt3/cos = 24,80/0,6 = 41,33 (kVA)
I tt 3 =
Stt 3
41,33
=
= 62, 79( A)
U 3 0,38. 3

sau:
Thit b c cng sut ln nht Pmax = 4,5 (kW)
Thit b c cng sut nh nht Pmin = 0,65 (kW)
P1 = 2,8 + 2,8x2 + 4,5 = 12,9 (kW) vy
P* =
P1 12,9
=
= 0,91
P 14, 2

13
n mn hc:

= 4,26 4 thit b.
3,11
Ta c cos = 0,6 nn tg = 1,33
Stt4 = Ptt4/cos = 7,06/0,6 = 11,77 (kVA)
I tt 4 =
Stt 4
11, 77
=
= 17,88( A)
U 3 0,38. 3

sau:
Thit b c cng sut nh nht Pmin = 0,65 (kW)
Tnh n* v p* c n = 7; n1 = 3 ta c n* = n1/n = 3/7 = 0,43
P1 = 7x3 = 21 (kW) vy
P* =
P1
21
=
= 0,82
P 25, 75

= 4,48 4 thit b.
3,11
Ta c cos = 0,6 nn tg = 1,33
Stt5 = Ptt5/cos = 12,81/0,6 = 21,35 (kVA)

14
n mn hc:

15
n mn hc:
S
lng
Cn
g
su
t
t
Pm
kW
Nhm I
My bo g
01
My ca trn
01
My p gia nhit g
02
20
My nn kh
01
30
05
59
Nhm II
My tin ren
02
14
My tin ren
01
4,5
My tin ren
02
6,4
My tin ren
01
10
My khoan ng
01
2,8
My khoan ng
01
14
My phay vn nng
01
4,5
My bo ngang
01
5,8
My mi trn vn nng
01
2,8
10
My mi phng
01
11
My gia
01
ST
T
Tn thit b
Tng cng nhm I
Ksd
Cos /t
g /
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,6/1,33
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
0,6/1,33
nhq
kmax
3,1
1
Pt
(kW
)
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,3
3
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33

14
29
35
n mn hc:
12
01
2,8
01
2,8
15
75,
4
Nhm III
My khoan
01
My ca ai
01
4,5
My bo g
01
My mi hai
01
2,5
Qut gi trung p
01
Qut gi s 9.5
01
12
Qut gi 14
01
18
Tng cng nhm III
07
54
Nhm IV
My ca st
01
2,8
My mi hai pha
02
5,6
My khoan bn
02
1,3
My doa to
01
4,5
Tng cng nhm IV
06
14,
2
Nhm V
T sy in
02
14
My mi hai pha
01
2,8
13
My mi sc cc dao
ct gt
My mi sc
Tng cng nhm II
6
0,1 0,6/1,33
6
0,1 0,6/1,33
6
0,1 0,6/1,3
6
3
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,6/1,33
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,6/1,33
0,1
6
0,1
6
0,6/1,33
13
1,8
5
22
32
2,8
7
24
80
04
3,1
1
7,0
6
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,3
3
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,33
0,6/1,3
3
0,6/1,33

15
n mn hc:
My khoan bn
03
1,95
My khoan ng
01
07
25,
75
Tng cng nhm V
0,1 0,6/1,33
6
0,1 0,6/1,33
6
0,1 0,6/1,3
6
3

16
3,1
1
12
81
n mn hc:
Qua vic xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha

c kh ta s c bng tng kt tng th sau:
Nhm
Ptt [kW]
Qtt [kVAr]
Stt [kVA]
Itt [A]
1
29,35
39,03
48,92
74,33
2
22,32
29,68
37,20
56,52
3
24,80
32,98
41,33
62,79
4
7,06
9,39
11,77
17,88
5
12,81
17,04
21,35
32,35
Tng
96,34
118,73
148,8
181,08
1.3.6- Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton phn xng
a- Tnh ton ph chiu sng ca ton phn xng sa
cha c kh
Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha c kh xc
nh theo cng sut chiu sng trn mt n v din tch
nn ta c:
Pcs = P0.F
Trong :
- P0: Cng sut chiu sng trn mt n v
din tch chiu sng.
- F: Din tch c chiu sng (m2).
Tra bng pp lc PLI.2 ta c P0 = 15 (w/m2)
Ta c din tch ca phn xng: F = 1.875 (m2)
Ph ti chiu sng ca phn xng s l: Pcs =15x1.875 =
28.125 (w) = 28,125 (kW)
b- Ph ti tnh ton ton phn xng:
Ph ti ng lc ton: phn xng
- Pdlpx = kdt.Ptti = 0,95.96,34=91,523 (kw)
Trong Kt: H s ng thi ca ton phn xng ta chn Kt
= 0,95
-Qdlpx = kdt.PQtti = 0,95.118,73=112,7935 (kVAr)
Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng:
- Pttpx = Plpx + Pcs= 91,523 + 28,125 = 119,648 (kw)
cos p px =
Pttpx
Sttpx
96,34
= 0, 66
146,84
II. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc phn xng khc

17
n mn hc:
II.1.1. Ban qun l v phng thit k

Cng sut t P = 80 (kW)
Din tch phng thit k: 1.800 m2
Tra bng PLI.2 ta c cng sut chiu sng P0 = 15 (W/m2)
Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phng thit k c knc = 0,7 v cos =
0,8 ta c tg = 0,75 v ta s dng hon ton bng bng n
si t nn cos = 1.= > tg = 0
- Ph ti ng lc :
Pl = knc x P = 0,7x 80 = 56 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 56 x 0,75 = 42 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng :
Pcs = P0 x S = 15x1.800 = 27.000 (W) = 27 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca ban qun l v phng thit k
Ptt = Pl + Pcs = 56 + 27 = 83 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 42 (kVAr)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 832 + 422 = 8.653 = 93, 02(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
93, 02
=
= 142,33( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.2. Phn xng c kh s 1

Cng sut t: P = 2.500 (kW)
Din tch phn xng: 2.875 (m2)
Ta tra bng PLI.2 ta c cng sut chiu sng: P0 = 15 (W/m2)
Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng c kh c knc = 0,4 v cos
= 0,6 v ta c tg = 1,33 v ta s dng trong phn xng hon
ton bng bng si t nn ta c cos = 1 => tg = 0.
-Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,4 x 2.500 = 1.000 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 1.000 x 1,33 = 1.330 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 2.875 = 43.125 (W) = 43,125 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng c kh s 1:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 1.000 + 43,125 = 1.043,125 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 1.330 (kWAr)

18
n mn hc:
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 1.043,1252 + 1.3302 = 2.857.009, 76 = 1.690, 27(kVA)

I tt =
Stt
1.690, 27
=
= 2.568,1( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.3. Phn xng c kh s 2

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng c kh c knc = 0,4 v cos
= 0,6 v ta c tg = 1,33 v ta s dng trong phn xng hon
ton bng bng si t nn ta c cos = 1 => tg = 0.
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,4 x 1.800 = 720 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 720 x 1,33 = 957,6 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 3.900 = 58.500 (W) = 58,5 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng c kh s 2:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 720 + 58,5 = 778,5 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 957,6 (kWAr)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q 2tt = 778,52 + 957, 62 = 1.523.060 = 1.234,12(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.234,12
=
= 1.875, 05( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.4. Phn xng luyn kim mu:

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng luyn kim c knc = 0,6 v
cos = 0,7 v ta c tg = 1 v ta s dng trong phn xng
hon ton bng bng si t nn ta c cos = 1 => tg = 0.
- Ph ti tnh ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,6 x 2.100 = 1.260 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 1.260 x 1 = 1.260 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 3.750 = 56.250 (W) = 56,25 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0

19
n mn hc:
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng luyn kim mu:

Ptt = P l + Pcs = 1.260 + 56,25 = 1.316,25 (kW)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 1.316, 252 + 1.2602 = 3.320.114 = 1.822,12(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.822,12
=
= 2.768, 42( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.5. Phn xng luyn kim en:

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng luyn kim en c knc = 0,6
v cos = 0,7 v ta c tg = 1 v ta s dng trong phn xng
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,6 x 2.300 = 1.380 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 1.380 x 1 = 1.380 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng :
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 4.100 = 61.000 (W) = 61 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng luyn kim en:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 1.380 + 61 = 1.441 (kW)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q 2tt = 1.4412 + 1.2802 = 3.714.881 = 1.927, 4(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.927, 4
=
= 2.928,38( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.6. Phn xng luyn kim en:

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng luyn kim en c knc = 0,6
v cos = 0,7 v ta c tg = 1 v ta s dng trong phn xng
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,6 x 2.300 = 1.380 (kW)

20
n mn hc:
Ql = Pl x tg = 1.380 x 1 = 1.380 (kVAr)

- Ph ti chiu sng :
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 4.100 = 61.000 (W) = 61 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng luyn kim en:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 1.380 + 61 = 1.441 (kW)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 1.4412 + 1.3802 = 3.980.881 = 1.995, 2(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.995, 2
=
= 3.031,39( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.7. Phn xng rn:

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng rn c knc = 0,5 v cos = 0,6
v ta c tg = 1,33 v ta s dng trong phn xng hon ton
bng bng si t nn ta c cos = 1 => tg = 0.
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,5 x 1.350 = 675 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 675 x 1,33 = 897,75 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 3.825 = 57.375 (W) = 57,375 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton phn xng luyn kim en:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 675 + 57,375 = 732,375 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 897,75 (kWAr)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q 2tt = 732,3752 + 897, 752 = 1.342.328, 2 = 1.158,59(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.158,59
=
= 1.760, 75( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.8. Phn xng nhit luyn:

Din tch phn xng: 5.031,25 (m2)

21
n mn hc:
Tra bng PLI.3 i vi phn xng nhit luyn c knc = 0,6 v

cos = 0,7 v ta c tg = 1 v ta s dng trong phn xng
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,6 x 1.200 = 720 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 720 x 1 = 720 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 15 x 5.031,25 = 75.468,75 (W) = 75,47 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng nhit luyn:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 720 + 75,47 = 795,47 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 720 (kWAr)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 795, 472 + 7202 = 1.151.172,52 = 1.072,93(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.072,93
=
= 1.630,15( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.9. B phn nn kh:

Tra bng PLI.3 i vi b phn nn c knc = 0,6 v cos = 0,7
v ta c tg = 1 v ta s dng trong b phn hon ton bng
bng si t nn ta c cos = 1 => tg = 0.
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,6 x 1.700 = 1.020 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 1.020 x 1 = 1.020 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 12 x 2.550 = 30.600 (W) = 30,6 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca b phn nn kh:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 1.020 + 30,6 = 1.050,6 (kW)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q 2tt = 1.050, 62 + 1.0202 = 2.144.160,36 = 1.464, 29(kVA)
I tt =
Stt
1.464, 29
=
= 2.224, 76( A)
U 3 0,38 3
II.1.10. Kho vt liu:

22
n mn hc:
Cng sut t: P = 60 (kW)

Din tch ton kho: 3.600 (m2)
Tra bng PLI.3 i vi kho vt liu c knc = 0,8 v cos = 0,8
v ta c tg = 0,75 v ta s dng trong b phn hon ton
bng bng si t nn ta c cos = 1=> tg = 0.
- Ph ti ng lc:
Pl = knc x P = 0,8 x 60 = 48 (kW)
Ql = Pl x tg = 48 x 0,75 = 36 (kVAr)
- Ph ti chiu sng:
Pcs = P0 x S = 10 x 3.600 = 36.000 (W) = 36 (kW)
Qcs = Pcs x tg = 0
- Ph ti tnh ton ca b kho vt liu:
Ptt = P l + Pcs = 48 + 36 = 84 (kW)
Qtt = Ql + Qcs = 36 (kWAr)
Stt = Ptt 2 + Q 2tt = 842 + 362 = 8.352 = 91,39(kVA)
:
I tt =
Stt
91,39
=
= 138,85( A)
U 3 0,38 3
Ta s c bng ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng nh sau:

P0
P
cos (w
Tn phn xng (k Knc
/m
W)
2
)
Ban q. l v
80 0, 0,8 15
phng t. k
7
Phn xng c
2.5 0, 0,6 15
kh s 1
0
4
Phn xng c
1.8 0, 0,6 15
kh s 2
0
4
Phn xng luyn 2.1 0, 0,7 15
K.M
0
6
Phn xng luyn 2.3 0, 0,7 15
K.
0
6
Phn xng SCCK 227 0, 0,6 15
Pl
Pcs
(kW
(kW)
)
56
27
Ptt
(kW)
Qtt
(kVAr)
Stt
(kVA)
83
42
93,02
1.00 43,1
2
720 58,5
1.043,
125
778,5
1.33
1.26 56,2
5
1.38 61
0
68,2 28,1
1.316,
2
1.441
1.26
1.38
1.690,2
7
1.234,1
2
1.822,1
2
1.995,2
96,34
118,73
148,8
957,6

23
n mn hc:
,4
1.3
5
1.2
0
1.7
0
60
3
2
25
Phn xng rn
0, 0,6 15 675 57,4 732,4
5
Phn xng nhit
0, 0,7 15 720 75,4 795,47
luyn
6
7
B phn nn kh
0, 0,7 12 1.02 30,6 1.050,
6
0
6
Kho vt liu
0, 0,8 10 48
36
84
8
1.5. Xc nh Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh
- Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my:
897,75
720
1.020
36
1.158,5
9
1.072,9
3
1.464,2
9
91,39
my
10
Pttnm = kdt Ptti = 0,8 x7.420, 68 = 5.936,544(kW )

1
- Ph ti tnh ton phn khng ton nh my

10
Qttnm = kdt Qtti = 0,8 x7.762, 08 = 6.209, 664(kVAr)

1
- Ph ti tnh ton ton phn ca nh my

Sttnm = Pttnm 2 + Q 2ttnm = 5.936,5442 + 6.209, 6642 = 73.802.481, 63 = 8.590,84(kVA)
- H s cng sut ton nh my

cos nm =
I ttnm =
Pttnm 6.209, 664

=
= 0, 723
Sttnm
8.590,84
Sttnm
8.590,84
=
= 13.052, 43( A)
U dm 3 0,38 3
1.6. Xc biu ph ti
Bn knh vng trn ph ti c th c xc nh bng
biu thc nh sau:
R pxi =
Sttpxi
.m
Trong :
- Rpxi: Bn knh vng trn ph ti ca phn xng i
- Sttpxi: Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng i
- m: H s t l tu chn, chn m = 3 kVA/mm
csi =
360.Pcspxi
Pttpxi
Trong :

24
n mn hc:
- csi : Gc ph ti chiu sng phn xng i

- Pcspsi: Ph ti chiu sng phn xng i
- Pttpxi: Ph ti tnh ton phn xng i
T
T
1
Tn phn xng
Pcs
(kW)
Ptt
(kW)
Stt
(kVA)
R
cs 0
(m
m)
3,14 117,1
27
83
93,02
43,1
25
58,5
1.043,
12
778,5
56,2
5
61
1.316,
25
1.441
Phn xng SCCK
96,34
Phn xng rn
28,1
2
57,4
1.690,
27
1.234,
12
1.822,
12
1.995,
2
148,8
13,4 14,88
Ban q. l v phng t.
k
Phn xng c kh
s 1
Phn xng c kh
s 2
Phn xng luyn
K.M
Phn xng luyn K.
Phn xng nhit

luyn
B phn nn kh
75,4
7
30,6
11,0 28,2
9
10,7 34,15
Kho vt liu
36
1.158,
59
795,47 1.072,
93
1.050, 1.464,
6
29
84
91,39
2
3
4
9
1
0
732,4
11,4 27,05
4
13,9 15,4
14,5 15,24
5
3,97 227,9
12,4 10,48
6
3,11 154,3

25
n mn hc:
Biu ph ti ca nh my ko t l: 1: 5.000
Chng 2
thit k mng in cao p ca x nghip
2.1 t vn .
Vic la chn s d cung cp in nh hng rt ln n
cc ch tiu kinh t v k thut ca h thng.Mt s cung
cp in c coi l ti u phi tho mn nhiu yu cu ,nhng
yu cu c bn l :
1. m bo cc ch tiu k thut.
2. m bo tin cy cung cp in .
3.Thun tin v linh hot trong vn hnh .
4.An ton cho ngi v thit b .
5.D dng pht trin p ng yu cu gia tng ca ph ti
in .
6.m bo cc ch tiu v mt kinh t .
*Trnh t tnh ton thit k mng in cao p cho nh my
gm cc bc sau:
1. Vch cc phng n cung cp in.
2. La chn v tr,s lng ,dung lng ca cc trm bin p ,la
chn chng loi,tit din cc ng dy cho cc phng n.
3. Tnh ton kinh t k thut la chn phng n hp l.
4. Thit k chi tit cho phng n c chn .
2.2 Xc nh in p ti in .

26
n mn hc:
Trc khi vch ra cc phng n c th ta cn la chn cp

in p hp l cho ng dy truyn ti t h thng v nh
my .
Biu thc kinh nghim la chn cp in p truyn ti
l :
U=4,34. l + 0, 016.P (kV).
Trong :
P:l cng sut tnh ton ca nh my(kW).
L:l khong cch trm cung cp in v nh my (km).
Vi v tr da l ca nh my ta c l=12(km).
Do ta c
U=4,34. 12 + 0, 016.7420, 68 = 50, 65(kV ).
T kt qu tnh ton ta chn cp in p trung p 35(kV) t
li in cp cho nh my.
Cn c vo v tr cng sut v yu cu cung cp in ca
cc phn xng c th a ra cc phng n cung cp in .
2.3 Vch cc phng n v cc trm bin p phn xng
Cc trm bin p (TBA) c chn trn nguyn tc sau y:
*V tr cc TBA phi tho mn cc yu cu c bn :
-An ton v lin tc cung cp in.
-Gn trung tm ph ti ,thun tin cho ngun cung cp i
ti .
-Thao tc,vn hnh ,qun l d dng .
-Phng n ,chy ,bi bm ,kh n mn .
-Tit kim vn u t v chi ph vn hnh nh.
*S lng my bin p (MBA) t trong cc TBA c la
chn cn c vo yu cu cung cp in ca ph ti ;iu kin
vn chuyn v lp t:ch lm vic ca ph ti .Trong
mi trng hp TBA ch t 1 MBA s l kinh t v thun li cho
vic vn hnh,song tin cy cung cp in khng cao.Cc
TBA cung cp cho h loi I v loi II nn t 2 MBA, h loi III c
th ch t 1 MBA.
*Dung lng MBA trong mt x nghip nn ng nht (t
chng loi) gim s lng v dung lng MBA d phng trong
kho.
Dung lng MBA c chn theo iu kin sau:
n.khc.SmB Stt
V kim tra theo iu kin s c mt MBA(nu trong trm
c nhiu hn mt my):
(n-1).kqt.SmBSttsc.
trong :
n:l s MBA c trong TBA.
Khc:l h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng
,ta chn loi MBA ch to ti Vit Nam nn khng cn hiu
chnh nht ,khc=1.
27
n mn hc:
kqt:l h s qu ti s c ,kqt=1,4 nu tho mn

iu kin MBA vn hnh khng qu 5 ngy m,thi gian qu
ti 1 ngy m khng vt qu 6 gi ,trc khi MBA vn hnh qu
ti th h s ti 0,93.
Sttsc:l cng sut tnh ton s c .Khi c s c c th
loi b mt s ph ti khng quan trng gim nh ti cho
MBA,nh vy s tng tui th cho MBA.Gi thit trong cc h loi
I v h loi II c 30% l ph ti loi III nn
Sttsc=0,7.Stt.
Suy ra SmB
S tt
2
v kim tra li SmB
S ttsc
1,4
Sau y l cc phng n v TBA phn xng :

2.3.1. Chn v tr trm bin p trung tm v cc trm
bin p phn xng
- V tr ca trm bin p trung tm
Theo nguyn tc ta chn v tr trm phn phi trung
tm trung tm ph ti nh my v c xc nh nh sau:
Ta c cng thc
n
X0 =
S i xi
1
S
1
Xc
S y
i
Y0 =
Trong :
X0, Y0: To ca tm ph ti in ca ton nh my.
xi, yi: To ca ph ti th i tnh theo mt h trc to
x0y chn.
Si: Cng sut ca ph ti th i.
nh tm ph ti in M (X0, Y0) cho ton nh my:
X0 =
Y0 =
1, 2.93, 09 + 8,5.1690, 27 + 5, 7.1234,12 + 11, 7.1822,12 + 5, 4.1995, 2 + 2, 7.148,8

10770,8
+8, 7.1158,59 + 12, 7.1072,93 + 11,1.1464, 29 + 2, 2.91,39
= 8,7
10770,8
5,5.93, 09 + 7,9.1690, 27 + 7,8.1234,12 + 2,1.1822,12 + 2.1995, 2 + 8, 2.148,8
10770,8
+2.1158,59 + 6,3.1072,93 + 8, 2.1464, 29 + 2, 4.91,39
= 5,0
10770,8
Vy tm ph ti ca nh my M (8,7; 5,0).

28
n mn hc:
S trm phn phi trung tm vi t l: 1:5.000

2.3.3. Cc phng n trm bin p phn xng
Vic la chn cc trm bin p bao gm la chn cc
thng s nh my c 10 phn xng:
- Vy ph ti nhm 1 s l:
+ Phn xng c kh s 1
+ Phn xng c kh s 2
+ Phn xng luyn kim mu
+ Phn xng luyn kim en
+ Phn xng nhit luyn
+ B phn nn kh
+ Phn xng rn
- Ph ti thuc nhm 3 s l:
+ Ban qun l v phng thit k
+ Phn xng sa cha c kh
+ Kho vt liu
Ta s cn c vo cng sut v yu cu cung cp in ca
cc phn xng t trm bin p phn xng. Cc ph ti thuc
nhm 1 ta phi t 2 trm bin p song song vi nhau.
a. La chn my bin p phn xng cho cc phng n:

29
n mn hc:
- Trm bin p 1 (B1): Trm bin p B1 c 1 MA lm vic cp

in cho kho vt liu, phn xng sa cha c kh v ban
qun l phng thit k.
Ta c:
S
S
dmB1
(Ptt1 + Ptt6 + Ptt10 )2 + (Qtt1 + Qtt6 + Qtt10 )2
dmB1
(83 + 96,34 + 84)2 + (42 + 118,73 + 36)2 = 328,71(kVA )
Vy trm bin p B1 c Sm = 400 (kVA)

- Trm bin p 2 (B2): Trm bin p B2 t hai my bin p
lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng c kh
s 1. Ta xt trng hp b s c mt in th mt my bin p
cn li c th chy qu ti trong thi gian 1 # 2 ngy sa
cha, ng thi ct bt cc ph ti khng quan trng.
Cng thc tnh my bin p: Sm B # Stt/1,4 do
cng sut trm bin p hai s l :
S
dmB2
tt2 = 1690,27 =1.207,33(kVA)

1,4
1,4
Vy trm bin p B2 t hai my bin p c Sm = 1.250 (kVA)

lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng c kh
s 2.
S
dmB3
tt3 = 1234,12 =881,51(kVA)

1,4
1,4

lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng luyn
kim mu.
S
dmB4
tt4 = 1822,12 =1301,5(kVA)

1,4
1,4

lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng luyn
kim en.

30
n mn hc:

S
dmB5
tt5 = 1995,2 =1425,1(kVA)

1,4
1,4

lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng rn.
S
dmB6
tt6 = 1158,59 =827,56(kVA)

1,4
1,4

lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho phn xng nhit
luyn.
S
dmB7
tt8 = 1.072,93 =766,39(kVA)

1,4
1,4
Vy trm bin p B7 t hai my bin p c Sm = 1.000

(kVA
lm vic song song vi nhau cp in cho b phn kh nn.
S
dmB8
tt9 = 1.464,29 =1.045,92(kVA)

1,4
1,4
Vy trm bin p B8 t hai my bin p c Sm = 1.250

(kVA
STT
Tn phn xng
Stt
SmB

31
Tn
n mn hc:
(kVA)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
my
(kVA)
1.690,
02
1.250
27
1.234,
02
1.000
12
1.822,
02
1.600
12
Phn xng LK en 1.995,
02
1.600
2
Phn xng rn
1158,5
02
1.000
9
Phn xng nhit
1.072,
02
1.000
luyn
93
B phn kh nn
1.464,
02
1.250
29
Ban qun l v
phng TK
328,71
1
400
Phn xng SC CK
Kho vt liu
Bng kt qu chn MBA vi 2 phng n la
trm
Phn xng c kh
s 1
Phn xng c kh
s 2
Phn xng LK mu
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B1
chn
+ La chn phng n 1 theo cch i dy nh sau:

32
n mn hc:
+ La chn phng n 2 theo cch i dy:
b- Phng n i dy mng cao p

V nh my thuc h loi 1, s dng ng dy trn khng
l kp dn in t trm BATG v trm PPTT ca nh my.
m bo m quan v an ton, mng cao p trong nh my dng
cp ngm. Tr trm PPTT n cc trm bin p B2, B3, B4, B5,
B6, B7, B8 dng cp l kp, n trm B1 dng cp l n.
Cn c vo v tr cc trm bin p v trm PPTT trn mt
bng, ra 2 phng n i dy mng cao p.
- Phng n 1 : Cc trm bin p c cp in trc tip t trm
PPTT.
- Phng n 2 : Cc trm bin p xa trm PPTT c ly in lin
thng qua cc trm gn trm PPTT.
ng dy cung cp t trm BATG v trm PPTT nh my
ko di 11,5 (km) s dng ng dy trn khng, dy nhm li
thp, l kp.

33
n mn hc:
Tra cu cm nang c thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht

Tmax = 5.000 h, vi gi tr Tmax, dy dn AC tra bng 4.3 trang
194 sch s tay la chn thit b in ta c Jkt = 1.
Ittnm =
Sttnm
2. 3.Udm
8590,84
2. 3.35
= 70,85( A)
Tit din kinh t ca cp

Fkt =
Imax 70,85
=
= 70,85(mm 2 )
J kt
1
Vy ta chn dy nhm li thp thit din 95mm2 , AC -95

kim tra dy chn theo iu kin dng s c.
Tra cu dy AC-95 c Icp = 325 (A)
Khi t mt dy, dy cn li ti ton b cng sut
Isc = 2.Itt = 2.70,85 = 141,7 (A)
Isc < Icp.
Kim tra dy cho theo iu kin tn tht in p
Vi dy AC - 95 c khong cch trung bnh hnh hc D =
2 m tra bng c r0 = 0,33 /km, x0 = 0,371 /km.
U =
PR + QX 5936,54 x 0,33 x11,5 + 6209,66 x 0,371x11,5

=
= 699,3(V )
Udm
2 x 35
U < Ucp = 5%.Um = 1.750 V

Vy tit din dy phi chn AC 95 l hp l.
2.4. Tnh ton kinh t k thut la chn phng n ti u
so snh v la chn phng n hp l, ta s dng hm
chi ph tnh ton Z. Ta s c: Z = (avh + atc).K + C.A --> min
Trong :
- K l vn u t (ng)
- avh h s vn hnh i vi TBA trong s tay ta tra
avh = 0,1
- atc l h s thu hi vn tiu chun c atc = 0,2
- A l tn tht in nng trn ng dy v trm
BA
- C l gi tin in 1kWh, c = 1.200 (ng/kWh).
2.4.1. Phng n 1
Ta xt phng n ny s s dng trm in phn phi
trung tm nhn li in t h thng v cp in cho cc trm

34
n mn hc:
bin p phn xng, cc trm bin p phn xng s h p t 35

kV xung cn 0,4 kV cung cp v cho cc phn xng.
Do 2 phng n s dng TBA phn xng l nh nhau nn ta
khng xt n gi tin my bin p v cc tn tht trong my
bin p.
a- Chn dy dn v xc nh tn tht cng sut trn ng dy
- Chn cp cao p t trm phn phi trung tm (TPPTT) v cc
trm bin p phn xng:
Ta la chn cp trung p theo mt kinh t ca dng
in Jkt i vi nh my sn xut my ko. y nh my sn
xut my ko lm vic 3 Ka v c Tmax = 5.000 (h). Ta s dng
cp li bng ng v ta tra bng 4.3 trang 194 s tay la chn
thit b in ta tm c Jkt = 2,7 A/mm2.
Tit din kinh t ca cp Fkt = Imax/Jkt (mm2)
+ Ta i l kp c:
Ilv max =
Stt
2. 3.Udm
( A)
+ Ta i l n s c:
Ilv max =
Stt
3.Udm
( A)
+ Stt: Cng sut tnh ton ca trm bin p v c S[kVA], Um

[kV]
- Kim tra cp da vo biu thc Khc.Icp# Isc
Trong ta c:
- Isc l dng in khi ry ra s c t mt cp vi Isc = 2.Ilvmax
Khc = K1.K2
+ K1 : h s hiu chnh theo nhit ly K1 = 1
+ K2 : h s hiu chnh theo s dy cp cng t trong mt
hng cp, cc cp cng t trong rnh u t 2 cp khong
gia hai si l 300 mm chn trong t nn ly k2 = 0,93 v
chiu di t TPPTT n TBA phn xng ngn nn tn tht
in p trn ng cp nh ta b qua kim tra U
- Chn cp t TPPTT n B1 (i l n):
Imax =
Sttpx
3.Udm
328,71
3.35
= 5,422( A)

35
n mn hc:

Fkt =
Imax 5,422
=
= 2,008(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7
Ta bng PL V.19 trang 308 sch thit k cp in ca thy

Ng Hng Quang vy ta chn tit din Ftc = 50 (mm2) cp ng
3 li cch in XLPE ai n, v PVC do hng Furukawa (Nht
Bn) ch to kim tra iu kin pht nng, tra bng c dng
cho php Icp = 200 (A). Cp t di t (250c) vi Khc = 0,93 suy
ra Isc = 2.Ilvmax = 5,422x2 = 10,844 (A)
Vy ta chn cp XLPE (3x50).
- Chn cp t TPPTT n trm B2 (i l kp)
Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1690,27
2. 3.35
= 13,94( A)

Fkt =
Imax 13,94
=
= 5,16( mm 2 )
J kt
2,7
Vy ta chn tit din Ftc = 50 (mm2) cp ng 3 li cch in

2XLPE (3x50), v PVC do hng Furukawa (Nht Bn) tra bng c
dng cho php Icp = 200 (A), c chn di t v 2 dy cch
nhau 300 (mm), m bo nhit lm vic 250 C.
Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1234,12
2. 3.35
= 10,18( A)

Fkt =
Imax 10,18
=
= 3,77( mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Ta c:

36
n mn hc:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1822,12
2. 3.35
= 15,03( A)

Fkt =
Imax 15,03
=
= 5,57mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1995,2
2. 3.35
= 16,46( A)

Fkt =
Imax 16,46
=
= 6,1(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1158,2
2. 3.35
= 9,55( A)

Fkt =
Imax 9,55
=
= 3,54(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1072,93
2. 3.35
= 8,85( A)

37
n mn hc:
Fkt =
Imax 8,85
=
= 3,28(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1464,29
2. 3.35
= 12,08( A)

Fkt =
Imax 12,08
=
= 4,47(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

Bng kt qu chn cp cao p 35 (kV) ca phng n 1
ng Cp
F(m
m2 )
L(m)
r0
( /k
m)
TPPTT B1
50
385
0,387
TPPTT B2
50
110
0,387
TPPTT B3
50
225
0,387
TPPTT B4
50
190
0,387
TPPTT B5
50
275
0,387
TPPTT B6
50
100
0,387
TPPTT B7
50
180
0,387
R
( )
0,14
9
0,02
1
0,04
4
0,03
7
0,05
3
0,01
9
0,03
5
Thnh
ng/1
tin 106
2
mm .1m
ng
4.000
77
4.000
44
4.000
90
4.000
76
4.000
110
4.000
40
4.000
72

38
n mn hc:
0,03
4.000
72
5
Tng vn u t cho cc ng dy l PA1: KD1 = 581.106
ng
+ Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy
cao p:
Tn tht tc dng trn cc ng dy c tnh theo cng
thc:
TPPTT B8
P =
50
S 2ttpx
U
180
0,387
.R.10 3 (kW)
dm
Trong :
R=
1
.r0 .l ()
n
(Ta c n l s mng ng dy trn mt
mch)
- Tn tht P1 trn on cp TPPTT-B1:
P1 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
328,712
.0,149.103 = 0,013(kW)
2
35

P2 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.10 3 =
1690,272
.0,021.103 = 0,049(kW )
352

P3 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
1234,122
.0,044.103 = 0,055(kW)
2
35

P4 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.10 3 =
1822,122
.0,037.103 = 0,1(kW)
2
35

P5 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
1995,22
.0,053.103 = 0,172(kW )
352

P6 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.10 3 =
1158,22
.0,019.103 = 0,0208(kW )
2
35

P7 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
1072,932
.0,035.103 = 0,033(kW )
2
35

P8 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
1464,292
.0,035.103 = 0,061(kW )
352
Bng tn tht cng sut trn ng dy ca phng n 1

39
n mn hc:
ng Cp
F(m
m2 )
TPPTT B1
50
L(m)
r0
( /k
m)
R
( )
Stt
(kVA)
P (kW)
0,14
328,71
0,013
9
0,02
TPPTT 50
0,387
110
1.690,27
0,049
B2
1
0,04
TPPTT 50
0,387
225
1.234,12
0,055
B3
4
0,03
TPPTT 50
0,387
190
1.822,12
0,1
B4
7
0,05
TPPTT 50
0,387
275
1.995,2
0,172
B5
3
0,01
TPPTT 50
0,387
100
1.158,2
0,0208
B6
9
0,03
TPPTT 50
0,387
180
1.072,93
0,033
B7
5
0,03
TPPTT 50
0,387
180
1464,29
0,061
B8
5
Tng cng sut n tht trn ng dy: P1 = 0,5038
(kW)
385
0,387
Tn tht in nng trn ng dy

AD1 = PD1. ( kWh)
- t : Thi gian my bin p vn hnh, vi mt my bin p
vn hnh lin tc trong mt nm l t = 8.760 (h).

- : Thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht t Tmax = 5.000
(h) ta s tnh c thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht.
Ta c:
= (0,124 + Tmax .10 4 ) 2 .8760
= (0,124 + 5000.10 4 ) 2.8760 = 3.410,93(h )
Thay s vo ta c:
AD1 = PD1. = 0,5038.3410,93 = 1.718,43(kWh)
b- Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 1

Vn u t ban u s c tnh nh sau:
K1 = KD1 = 581.106 = 581.000.000 (ng)
40
n mn hc:
Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy :

A1 = AD1 = 1.718,43( kW)
Chi ph tnh ton cho phng n 1 l:

Z1 = (avh + atc ).K1 + C.A1 = (0,1 + 0,2).581.106 + 1200.1718,43
= 176.362.116(VND )
2.4.2 Phng n 2
a- Chn dy dn v xc nh tn tht cng sut trn ng dy
Theo s TBA v ng dy ca phng n 2 ta s c
trm bin p 5 (B5) s i chung ng dy trm bin p s 6
(B6) v trm bin p B8 s i chung dy trm bin p B7. Vy ta
s phi tnh li ng dy cho trm bin p B6 v B7.
- Ta chn cp t TPPTT n trm bin p B6 dng loi cp ng
ba li, cch in XLPE, ai thp, v PVC do hng Furukawa
ch to vi thng s nh sau :
Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1995,2 + 1158,59
2. 3.35
= 26,01( A)

Fkt =
Imax 26,01
=
= 9,63(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7

- Ta chn cp t TPPTT n trm bin p B8 dng loi cp ng
ba li, cch in XLPE, ai thp, v PVC do hng Furukawa
ch to vi thng s nh sau :
Ta c:
Imax =
Sttpx
2. 3.Udm
1072,93 + 1464,29
2. 3.35
= 20,93( A)

Fkt =
Imax 20,93
=
= 7,75(mm 2 )
J kt
2,7


41
n mn hc:

Ta c bng kt qu la chn cho phng n 2
ng Cp
F(m
m2 )
TPPTT B1
50
TPPTT B2
50
TPPTT B3
50
TPPTT B4
50
TPPTT B5
50
TPPTT B6
50
TPPTT
B7
50
TPPTT
B8
50
Tng vn u
L(m)
r0
( /k
m)
R
( )
Thnh
ng/1
tin 106
2
mm .1m
ng
0,14
4.000
77
9
0,02
0,387
4.000
110
44
1
0,04
0,387
4.000
225
90
4
0,03
0,387
4.000
190
76
7
0,04
0,387
4.000
240
96
6
0,01
0,387
4.000
100
40
9
0,03
0,387
4.000
180
72
5
0,01
0,387
4.000
85
34
6
t cho cc ng dy l PA2: KD2 = 529.106
ng
385
0,387
Ta xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng P trn ng dy

theo cng thc nh sau:
P =
S 2ttpx
U
= .R.103 (kW)
dm
Ta ch tnh tn tht li trn ng dy trm bin p B5 v

trm bin p B8 cn tn tht trn ng dy cc trm bin p
khc vn khng thay i.

42
n mn hc:
P5 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.103 =
1995,22
.0,046.103 = 0,149(kW )
2
35

P8 =
S 2ttpx
U 2dm
.R.10
1464,292
=
.0,016.103 = 0,028(kW )
2
35
Bng tn tht cng sut trn ng dy ca phng n 1
ng Cp
F(m
m2 )
TPPTT B1
50
L(m)
r0
( /k
m)
R
( )
Stt
(kVA)
P (kW)
0,14
328,71
0,013
9
0,02
TPPTT 50
0,387
110
1.690,27
0,049
B2
1
0,04
TPPTT 50
0,387
225
1.234,12
0,055
B3
4
0,03
TPPTT 50
0,387
190
1.822,12
0,1
B4
7
0,04
TPPTT 50
0,387
240
1.995,2
0,149
B5
6
0,01
TPPTT 50
0,387
100
1.158,2
0,0208
B6
9
0,03
TPPTT
50
0,387
180
1.072,93
0,033
B7
5
0,01
TPPTT
50
0,387
85
1464,29
0,028
B8
6
Tng cng sut n tht trn ng dy: P2 = 0,3137
(kW)
385
0,387
Tn tht in nng trn ng dy

AD2 = PD2 . (kWh)
Trong : thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht

AD2 = PD2 . = 0,3137.3410,93 = 1.070( kWh)
b- Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n 2

Vn u t ban u s c tnh nh sau:
K2 = KD2 = 529.106 = 529.000.000 (ng)

43
n mn hc:
Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy :

A2 = AD2 = 1.070( kW)
Chi ph tnh ton cho phng n 2 l:

Z2 = (avh + atc ).K2 + C.A2 = (0,1 + 0,2).529.106 + 1200.1070
= 159.984.000(VND )
Bng so snh kt qu ca hai phng n

K, 106
YA, 106
Z, 106
(ng)
(ng)
(ng)
PA1
581
2,062
176,362
PA2
529
1,284
159,984
Trong bng trn c YA l gi tin tn tht A hng nm
YA = c. A = c. P. (ng)
Qua bng so snh ta quyt nh chn phng n 2 ti u cho
mng cp cao p, phng n ny khng nhng c Z nh m d
vn hnh sa cha do i tuyn cp hnh tia, vy ta s chn
phng n 2.
2.5. Thit k chi tit cho phng n la chn
Phng n s dng trm phn phi trung tm in t h
thng qua trm bin p trung gian 110/35 kV cch nh my 11,5
km ko v cp in cho cc trm bin p phn xng. Lc ny
cc trm bin p phn xng B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7 c h
p t 35 kV xung 0,4 kV cp in cho cc phn xng.
Phng n

44
n mn hc:
2.5.1. Chn dy dn t trm bin p trung gian v cc

trm BAPX
a. S trm PPTT
Nh my sn xut my ko thuc loi quan trng, chn dng s
mt h thng thanh gp c phn on cho trm PPTT. Ti
mi tuyn dy vo, ra khi thanh gp v lin lc gia 2 phn
on thanh gp u dng my ct hp b. bo v chng
st truyn t ng dy vo trm t chng st trn mi
phn on thanh gp. t trn mi phn on thanh gp mt
my bin p o lng 3 pha 5 tr c cun tam gic h bo chm
t mt pha trn cp 35 kV. Chn dng cc t hp b ca hng
SIEMENS, cc thng s my ct cho trong bng sau h thng
thanh gp t sn trong cc t c dng nh mc 630 A.
Bng thng s my ct t ti trm PPTT
Loi MC
8DC11
Um,
kV
35
Idm, A
1250
IN3S,
kA
36
U N, kV
IN max, kA
25
35
S nguyn l trm phn phi trung tm

45
n mn hc:
S ghp ni trm phn phi trung tm

Tt c cc t hp b u ca hng siemens cch in SF6 loi
8DH10 khng cn bo tr dao cch ly 3 v tr h mch, ni
mch, tip t.
b. S cc trm bin p phn xng
Cc trm bin p phn xng lm nhim v bin i
in p t 35 kV xung 0,4 kV cp cho mng phn xng cc
trm bin p phn xng u t tng i gn trm phn
phi trung tm nn pha cao p cu trm bin p ch cn t
dao cch ly ng ct khng ti v cu ch bo v ngn
mch pha h p t p t mt tng v aptmt lin lc gia 2
phn on ca trm u l trm kn dy dn l cp chn
gm di t nn khng cn bo v chng st.
S nguyn l trm bin p phn xng t 2

my BA

46
n mn hc:
V cc trm bin p phn xng rt gn trm PPTT, pha cao p

ch cn t dao cch ly. Pha sau h p t ptmt tng v
cc ptmt nhnh. Trm hai my bin p t thm ptmt
lin lc gia hai phn on. C th nh sau:
- t 1 t u vo 35 kV c dao cch ly 3 v tr, cch in
bng SF6, khng phi bo tr, loi 8DH10.
Loi t
Udm, kV
Idm, A
8DH10
35
1250
Uchu ng
kV
36
IN chu ng 13s, kA
25
S u ni trm bin p B1 t 1 MBA

47
n mn hc:
S u ni cc trm t 2BA: B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8

2.5.2. Tnh ton ngn mch
Mc tiu tnh ton ngn mch l kim tra iu kin n
nh ng v n nh nhit ca thit b v dy dn c
chn khi c ngn mch trong h thng. Dng in tnh ton
chn kh c in l dng ngn mch 3 pha i xng do vic
tnh ton chn cc thit b khng i hi chnh xc
cao nn tnh ton ngn mch c th dng cc phng php gn
ng.
St c th trong bi ta cn tnh im ngn mch N1 ti
thanh ci trm PPTT kim tra my ct, thanh gp v tnh
cc im ngn mch N2 ti pha cao p trm BAPX kim
tra cp v t cao p cc trm.
S tnh ton ngn mch nh sau:

in khng ca h thng c tnh theo cng thc
XH =
U 2tb 36,752
=
=0,354 ()
SN
3.35.63
Trong :

48
n mn hc:
SN: Cng sut ngn mch v pha h p ca my bin p

trung gian
- Utb: in p trung bnh c tnh theo Utb = 1,05 * Udm =
35.1,05 = 36,75 kV
Thng s ca ng dy trn khng (DK) v cp ghi trong
bng
-
ng cp
L(m)
r0
( /km
)
x0
( /k
m)
R ( ) X ( )
95
11,5
0,33
0,371
3,795
4,266
50
50
50
50
50
50
385
110
225
190
240
100
0,387
0,387
0,387
0,387
0,387
0,387
0,137
0,137
0,137
0,137
0,137
0,137
0,149
0,021
0,044
0,037
0,046
0,019
0,053
0,030
0,062
0,052
0,066
0,027
50
180
0,387
0,137
0,035
0,049
50
85
0,387
0,137
0,016
0,023
F(mm
2
)
BATGPPTT
TPPTT - B1
TPPTT - B2
TPPTT - B3
TPPTT - B4
TPPTT - B5
TPPTT - B6
TPPTT
B7
TPPTT
B8
Dng in ngn mch ti N1

U tb
36,75
=
=3,7(kA)
IN1 = 3.Z
2
2
1
3. 3,795 + (4,266 + 0,354)
ixkN1 =
2.1,8.3,7=9,42(kA)
Dng in ngn mch N2 ti trm B1

IN2 =
36,75
3. (3,795+0,149)2 + (4,266+ 0,053+ 0,354)2
ixkN1 =
=3,48(kA)
2.1,8.3,48=8,86(kA)
Cc im N2 khc tnh tng t, kt qu ghi trong bng

im tnh N
IN, kA
ixk, kA

49
n mn hc:
Thanh ci PPTT
Thanh ci B1
Thanh ci B2
Thanh ci B3
Thanh ci B4
Thanh ci B5
Thanh ci B6
Thanh ci B7
Thanh ci B8
3,7
3,48
3,54
3,50
3,51
3,50
3,53
3,51
3,54
9,42
8,86
9,01
8,90
8,93
8,90
8,98
8,93
9,01
2.5.3. La chn v kim tra thit b in
a. Chn v kim tra my ct, thanh dn
- My ct ca TPPTT
My ct 8DC11 c chn theo cc iu kin sau:
in p nh mc: Um.mc = 36 kV Umm = 35 kV
Dng in nh mc: Im.mc = 630 A Icp = 2.70,85 = 141,7
(A)
Dng in nh mc ct: Im.ct = 16 kA IN = 3,7 kA
Dng in n nh ng cho php: Im. = 40 kA 9,42 kA
Cng sut nh mc my ct (MVA) :
Sc#t #m = 3.36.16 = 997,66 > S = 3.35.3,7 = 224,3 MVA
Vy chn 15 t my ct 36G1-E16 cho TPPTT ca nh my
b. La chn v kim tra my bin in p BU
BU c chn theo cc iu kin sau
- in p cung cp
- S u ni dy
- Cc cp chnh xc
- Cng sut nh mc
Ta c bng thng s nh sau:
Thng s k thut
Um
(kV)
U chu ng tn s cng
nghip 1(kV)
U chu ng xung 1,2/50 s
(kV)
U1m
4MS36
36
70
170
35/ 3

50
n mn hc:
(kV)
U2m
120/ 3
(V)
Ti nh mc
400
(VA)
Thng s k thut ca BU loi 4MS36
c. La chn v kim tra my bin dng in BI
My bin dng in Bi c chc nng bin i dng in
s cp bt k xung 5 A (c th 1A v 10 A) nhm cp ngun
dng cho o lng, t ng ho v bo v rle.
BI c chn theo cc iu kin sau:
in p nh mc: UmBI Um.m = 35 kV
Dng in s cp nh mc: Khi c s c my bin p dng
c th qu ti 30%, BI chn theo dng cng bc qua my bin
p c cng sut ln nht trong mng l 1.600 kVA.
I max kqtbt .Sdm. BA 1,3.1600
=
=
=28,59 (A)
I#m.BI
1,2 1, 2. 3.35 1, 2. 3.35
Chn BI loi 4ME16, kiu hnh tr do hng siemens ch to
Thng s k thut
4ME16
36
Um
(kV)
U chu ng tn s cng nghip
70
1(kV)
170
U chu ng xung 1,2/50 s
(kV)
I1m
5-1200
(A)
I2m
1 hoc 5
(A)
I n nh nhit 1s
80
(kA)
I n nh ng
120
(kA)
Thng s k thut ca BI loi 1ME16
d. la chn v kim tra dao cch ly cao p TBAPX
Ta s dng mt loi dao cch ly cho tt c cc trm bin p
to iu kin lp t v vn hnh thun tin.
+ in p danh nh ca dao cch ly:

51
n mn hc:
Udcl UdM = 35 kV
+ Dng in danh nh:
kqtbt .Sdm. BA 1,3.1600
=
= 34,31(A)
Id#mcl I ddm = 2 Ilvmax =
3.35
3.35
Chn B4 l trm c cng sut tnh ton ln nht
- Dng in ng nh ng cho php:
idcl ixk = 9,42 kA
Chn loi 3DC do siemens ch to c cc thng s sau theo
bng di y
Um (kV)
Im (A)
INT (kA)
IN max (kA)
36
630-2.500
20-35
50-80
e. La chn v kim tra cu ch cao p TBAPX
Cu ch chn theo cc iu kin sau:
- in p danh nh:
U dcc U dm
- Cng sut ct danh nh:
Sdcc S (kVA)
- Dng in danh nh
Idct I (kA)
- i vi trm B4: Udcc Udm = 35 (kV)
1,3.1600
= 34,31(A)
Id#cc I cb =
3.35
Idct IN1 = 3,7 (kA)
Chn cu ch ng cao p loi 3GD1 608-5D
Theo cch tnh nh trn ta c bng la chn cu ch nh
sau
I ct n min
I ct N (A)
(A)
36
40
315
31,5
f. La chn v kim tra pttmt
ptmt l thit b ng ct h p c chc nng bo v
qa ti v ngn mch, c chn theo iu kin sau:
- i vi pttmt tng v pttmt phn on
+ in p danh nh: UdA UdM = 0,38 (kV)
Um (kV)
Im (A)

52
n mn hc:
+ Dng in danh nh: (i vi trm bin p B4,B5)

=
=3.160, 23( A)
Id#A I LVmax =
3.U dd
3.0,38
+ Dng in ct nh mc: IcmA IN
- Vi trm bin p B1 ta c:
=
=790,06( A)
IddA I LVmax =
3.U dd
3.0,38
- Vi trm bin p B2 v B8 ta c:
I
=
=
=2.468,93( A)
Id#A
LVmax
3.U dd
3.0,38
- Vi trm bin p B3, B6, B7 ta c:
=
=1.975,14( A)
IddA I LVmax =
3.U dd
3.0,38
Ta chn apttmt do hng merlingerin ch to kt qu cho
trong bng nh sau
TN
TRM
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
Loi
S lng
Ud (V)
C1001N
CM2500N
CM2000N
CM3200N
CM3200N
CM2000N
CM2000N
01
02
02
02
02
02
02
02
690
690
690
690
690
690
690
690
CM2500N
Id
(A)
1.000
2.500
2.000
3.200
3.200
2.000
2.000
2.500
I ct N
(A)
25
50
50
50
50
50
50
50

53
S
cc
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
n mn hc:

54
n mn hc:
CHNG III
THIT K MNG H P CHO PHN XNG SA CHA C KH
3.1. Phng n cp in cho phn xng
Phn xng sa cha c kh c chia lm 5 nhm ph ti
c cng sut tng i gn bng nhau vi din tch phn xng
l 1.875 (m2).
Sau khi ta bin i in p t 35 kV xung 0,4 kV v c
a vo t phn phi trung tm trong phn xng. T ny c
phn phi ra ti 6 t ng lc (TL) t ti 5 nhm thit b
phn chng I nh trn v c 01 t chiu sng. C th ta c tng
s thit b ca phn xng sa cha c kh l 42 thit b
in c chia lm 5 nhm. Cng sut ca phn xng l
146,84 (kVA), trong cng sut in s dng chiu sng l
28,125 (kW).
cp in cho phn xng sa cha c kh (SCCK) ta
s dng s hn hp, in nng t trm bin p B 1 c a
v t phn phi ca phn xng. Trong t phn phi phn xng ta t mt aptmt tng v 6 aptmt cp in cho 5 t
ng lc v 01 t chiu sng. T t phn phi n cc t
ng lc v t chiu sng ta s s dng s hnh tia
thun tin cho vic qun l v vn hnh. Mi t ng lc c
cp cho mt nhm ph ti c chia phn chng I. Ti v
tr cc t u c cc aptmt lm nhim v ng ct, bo v
qu ti v ngn mch cho cc thit b trong phn xng. Vic
thit k nh vy th gi thnh s t hn khi ta s dng thit
b ng ct n gin nh cu dao v cu ch, do tnh cht
bo v cc thit b in cho nn ta s dng ptmt lm thit
b ng ct v bo v.

55
n mn hc:
S i dy t trm bin p B1 ti cc t ng lc ca
phn xng SCCK
3.2. Chn cp t TBA v phn xng
Dy dn trong mng in h p ca phn xng chn theo
iu kin pht nng, khong cch t trm bin p n cc t
phn phi v t TPP n cc TL cng nh khong cch t TL
n cc thit b. Thi gian lm vic ca cc ng c t nn
chn theo mt dng jkt s gy lng ph vt liu nn ta s la
chn phng php m dy dn ch la chn theo iu kin
pht nng.
- Chn cp t TBA B1 n t phn phi ca phn xng sa
cha c kh
Ta c k1. k2. Icp Itt.
Trong : + k1 h s k n mi trng lp t cp:
trong nh,
ngoi tri , di t. k1 = 1.
+ k2 h s hiu chnh theo s lng cp t
trong cng rnh, k2 = 1.
+ Icp dng in lu di cho php ca dy
dn nh chn.
+ Icp Ittpx = 223,1 (A)
- Trong t h p ca trm bin p B1, u ng dy n t
phn phi t 1Aptomat loi NS400L-160 do hng Merlin
Gerin ch to, ImA = 400 (A).
- Kim tra theo iu kin kt hp vi thit b bo v bng
ptmt:
I
1, 25.IdmAT 1, 25.400
=
= 333,3 (A)
Icp kd .nhA =
1,5
1,5
1,5
Nh vy chn cp ng t trm bin p B1 n t phn
phi phn xng bng cp ng 3 li v trung tnh cch in
PVC (3 120 + 70) do LENS ch to loi c Icp = 343 (A).
56
n mn hc:
- Chn cp t t phn phi n cc t ng lc

Cc ng cp t t phn phi (TPP) n cc t ng lc
(TL) c i trong rnh cp nm dc tng pha trong v bn
cnh li i li ca phn xng. Cp c chn theo iu kin
pht nng cho php, kim tra phi hp vi cc thit b bo v
v iu kin n nh nhit khi c ngn mch. Do chiu di
cp khng ln nn c th b qua khng cn kim tra theo iu
kin tn tht in p cho php.
iu kin chn cp: khc. Icp Itt.
Trong :
+ Itt - dng in tnh ton ca nhm ph ti.
+ Icp - dng in pht nng cho php, tng
ng vi tng loi
dy, tng tit din.
khc - h s hiu chnh, y ly khc = 1.
iu kin kim tra phi hp vi thit b bo v ca
cp, khi bo v bng ptmt:
I
1,25.I dmAT
Icp kd .nhA =
1,5
1,5
- Chn cp t TPP - L1:
khc. Icp Itt nh1 = 74,33 (A).
I kd .dt 1, 25.I dmAT 1,25.100
=
=
= 84,3 (A)
khc. Icp
1,5
1,5
1,5
Chn cp ng 4 li cch in PVC do LENS ch to loi 4G16
c Icp = 114(A)
Cc tuyn cp khc chn tng t, kt qu ghi trong bng
ng cp
TPP-L
TPP-L
TPP-L
TPP-L
TPP-L
1
2
3
4
5
Itt
(A)
74,33
56,52
62,79
17,88
32,35
ImA
(A)
100
100
100
63
63
Iknh/1,5
66,66
66,66
66,66
42
42
Loi
cp
4G16
4G16
4G16
4G6
4G6
Kt qu chn cp t TPP ti cc t ng lc

57
Icp
A
114
114
114
66
66
n mn hc:
S t phn phi ca PX SCCK

3.3. La chn cc thit b cho t phn phi
T phn phi c la chn bao gm c 1 u vo v 6
u ra, vi 5 u ra cung cp cho 5 t ng lc cn mt u
cn li cp cho t chiu sng.
Dng ph ti cc nhm trong phn xng sa cha c kh:
Itt.nhm1 = 74,33 A
Itt.nhm2 = 56,52 A
Itt.nhm3 = 62,79 A
Itt.nhm4 = 17,88 A
Itt.nhm5 = 32,35 A
cp in cho ton phn xng d nh t mt t
phn phi ngay gn phn xng, nn ng dy t trm bin
p n t phn phi ch cn t mt ptmt kiu NS 600E
trong t h p ca trm, aptmt ny l tng ca cc t ng
lc v t chiu sng.
Cn c vo dng in tnh ton u vo ca t phn
phi v dng i ra ca t phn phi chn loi t do Siemens
ch to, c cu dao, cu ch v khi ng t cp cho ng
c. T c kch thc di 2200 (mm), rng 1000 (mm) v su
600 (mm) (tra PL IV.18 trang 292 sch thit k cp in ca
thy Ng Hng Quang).
3.4 Chn ptmt tng cho phn xng c kh

58
n mn hc:
Ta s chn ptmt t trm B1 v t phn phi phn xng, v trm bin p B1 dng chung cho 3 b phn nn ta cn
tnh chn ptmt nhnh nh sau:
Theo tnh ton chng I ta c Itt = 223,1 (A) .
Vy ptmt c chn theo iu kin sau:
in p nh mc: Um AT Um L = 380 (V)
Dng in nh mc: Im AT Ittpx = 223,1 (A)
Vy IdA 1,3.Itt = 1,3.223,1 = 290 (A). Vy ta chn
ptmt ca hng Merlin ch to c cc thng s nh sau:
Loi
NS400L160
Um , V
690
Im , A
400
Icm , kA
50
S cc
3
Vy ta s c 2 ptmt c thng s bng nhau, ptmt ti

trm bin p nhnh ti B1 v ti sau thanh ci ca t phn phi
cho phn xng c kh.
3.5 Chn ptmt ngun nhnh (t t phn phi n t
ng lc)
ptmt c chn theo iu kin sau:
+ in p nh mc (V): Um Anh Um L = 380 V
+ Dng in nh mc (A): Im Anh Itt nh
+ Dng in ct nh mc (kA): Icm Anh IN nhnh ( IN nhnh
< IN3).
- Chn ptmt nhnh t t phn phi phn xng n TL1:
+ in p nh mc (V): Um Anh Um L = 380 V
+ Dng in nh mc (A): Im Anh Itt nh1 = 74,33 A
+ Chn ptmt NC 100H ca Merlin Gerin c Im A = 100
A.
Tng t ta c ptmt t t phn phi phn xng n
cc t ng lc khc c la chn theo trong bng sau:
ng cp
TPP-L 1
TPP-L 2
TPP-L 3
Itt
Loi
(A)
74,33 NC100H
56,52 NC100H
62,79 NC100H
Um
(V)
440
440
440
Im
(A)
100
100
100
Inmax
(kA)
6
6
6

59
S
cc
3
3
3
n mn hc:
TPP-L 4
TPP-L 5
NC100L
17,88 H
NC100L
32,35 H
440
63
30
440
63
30
3.3. Tnh ngn mch pha h p ca phn xng Sa

cha c kh kim tra cp v ptmt
Khi tnh ton ngn mch pha h p ta xem my bin p
B1 l ngun (c ni vi h thng v cng ln) v vy in p
trn thanh ci cao p ca trm c coi l khng thay i khi
ngn mch, ta c: IN = I" = I . Gi thit ny s lm cho gi tr
dng ngn mch tnh ton c s ln hn thc t nhiu bi rt
kh gi c in p trn thanh ci cao p ca TBAPP khng
thay i khi xy ra ngn mch sau MBA. Song nu vi dng
ngn mch tnh ton ny m cc thit b la chn tho mn
iu kin n nh ng v n nh nhit th chng hon
ton c th lm vic tt trong iu kin thc t.
Nhn thy cc tuyn cp in t TPP n t TL ca
phn xng s dng cc thit b ptmt, cp, thanh gp ging
nhau nn ta ch cn tnh ngn mch cho mt tuyn bt k.
S nguyn l nh hnh di

60
n mn hc:
S nguyn l v thay th tnh ngn mch h p

3.3.1. Cc thng s ca s thay th
- in tr v in khng my bin p B1:
Sm = 400 kVA
Pn = 4,6 kV
Un% = 5 %
2
Pn .U dm
4,6 .(0,4) 2 6
6
.10
=
.10 = 4,6 (m )
RB =
2
S dm
400 2
2
U n %.U dm
5.(0,4) 2
4
.10
=
. 104 = 20 (m )
XB =
S dm
400
- Tr s tng tr ca ptmt v thanh gp rt nh so vi tng
tr ca my bin p v dy cp. Do ngi ta c th b qua
tr s ny khi tnh ngn mch h p.
Ta c: ZAi = ZGi = 0 ( )
- Tng tr ca cp ng XPLE(3 120+70) t trm bin p B1
v TPP ca phn xng sa cha c kh l:
ZC = r0 .l + j.x0 .l
Trong :
+ F l tit din dy dn (mm2).
+ l l chiu di dy dn (km).
- Tnh vi cp 1 loi XPLE(3x 120 + 70)
Chiu di: l = 150 (m)
Tra bng ta tm c:
r0 = 0,153 (m /m)
RC1 = 0,153 .150 = 22,95
(m )
x0 = 0,268 (m /m)
XC1 = 0,268 .150 = 40,2 (m )
2
- Thit din ca cp 4G6 mm - C2:
Chiu di cp: l = 70 (m) (khong cch t TPP n TL xa
nht, T L5)
+ C r0 = 3,08 (m /m)
RC2 = 3,08 .70 = 215,6
(m )
+ x0 = 0,268 (m /m)
XC1 = 0,268 .70 = 18,76
(m )
3.3.2. Thanh gp t trm bin p phn xng TG1

61
n mn hc:
iu kin chn:
Stt .tram
(ly khc =1)
3.U dm
Stt .tram
333,21
=
=506,26 (A)
=
3.U dm
3.0,38
Khc.Icp Itttrm =
Icp Itttrm
Vy ta chn cho trm bin p B1 thanh dn bng ng

cho kch thc (30x40) mm v c Icp = 625 (A), t 3 thanh cho
1 pha v c chiu di l = 1 (m).
Khong cch hnh hc trung bnh d = 100 (mm)
Tra bng 7.1 trang 362 sch s tay la chn v tra cu
thit b in ta c
+ r0 = 0,167 (m/m)
=> RTG1 = 1/3.0,167.1 =
0,056 (m)
+ x0 = 0,163 (m/m)
=> RTG1 = 1/3.0,163.1 =
0,054 (m)
- Thanh gp t phn phi
Ta chn theo iu kin pht nng cho php
Sttpxscck 146,84
=
=223,1 (A)
R1.R2.Icp Icb =
3.U dm
3.0,38
Ittpx = 223,1 (A) = > Icp Ittpx = 223,1 (A)
Vy thanh dn bng ng hnh ch nht c sn v kch
thc (25x3) mm c chiu di l = 1 (m) khong cch trung bnh
hnh hc d = 100 (mm), c Icp = 340 (A).
Tra bng ta tm c:
+ r0 = 0,268 (m/m)
=> RTG2 = r0.l = 0,268.1 =
0,268 (m)
+ x0 = 0,179 (m/m)
=> XTG2 = x0.l = 0,179.1 =
0,179 (m)
Ta thy tng tr ca thanh gp rt nh so vi tng tr cc
thnh phn cn li nn trong tnh ton c th b qua.
3.3.3. Tnh ton ngn mch v kim tra cc thit b
chn:
a. Tnh ngn mch
- Ti im N:

62
n mn hc:
IN =
U tb
3. R + X
2
B
2
B
400
3. 4, 62 + 202
= 11, 25 (kA)
- Tnh ngn mch ti N1:

R 1 = RB + RC1
R 1 = 4,6 + 22,95 = 27,55 (m )
X 1 = XB + XC1
X 1 = 20 + 40,2 = 60,2 (m )
Z 1 = R21 + X 21 = 27,55 2 +60,2 2 = 66,2 (m )
IN1 =
U
400
=
3.Z 1
3.66,2
= 3,488 (kA)
ixk1 = 2 .1,8.I N 1 = 8,878 (kA)

- Tnh ngn mch ti N2:
R 2 = R 1 + RC2
R 2 = 27,55 + 215,6 = 243,15 (m )
X 2 = X + XC2
X 2 = 60,2 + 18,76 = 78,96 (m )
Z 2 = R22 + X 22 = 243,15 2 +78,96 2 = 255,64 (m )
IN2 =
U
400
=
3.Z 2
3.255,64
ixk2 =
2.1,8.I N 2 = 2,298 (kA)
= 0,903 (kA)
b. Kim tra ptmt v dy cp

- Kim tra ct ngn mch vi AN1 , AN2 , AT, A3
IAN1 = 40 kA > IN = 11,25 (kA)
IAN2 =IAT =18 kA > IN1 = 3,488 (kA)
IA3 = 10 kA > IN2 = 0,903 (kA)
Vy cc Aptomat tng, aptomat ngun v ptmt nhnh
chn u m bo yu cu ngn mch.
- Kim tra tit din cp chn
+ ng cp t trm bin p ti t phn phi ca phn xng
SCCK:
F . I t = 6.17 ,44 . 0,4 = 73 ,99 mm2
Vy chn cp XPLE(3 240 + 120) l hp l.
- Kim tra cp t t phn phi n t ng lc IV
F . I t = 6.8,512 . 0,4 = 32 ,3 mm2
Vy chn cp 4G70 l hp l
qd
qd
3.3.4. La chn thit b trong cc t ng lc v dy

dn n cc thit b ca phn xng

63
n mn hc:
Cc t ng lc u chn loi t do Siemens ch to, c

sn cu dao, cu ch v khi ng t, c th chn theo
catalogue ca hng.
Cc t ng lc c cp in t t phn phi phn xng
theo hnh tia. T ng lc dng t t ptmt bo v ton
b.
S ca t ng lc nh sau
Cc ptmt tng ca t ng lc
C thng s tng t cc ptmt nhnh tng ng trong t
phn phi. Kt qu la chn ghi trong bng sau:
ng cp
TPP-L 1
TPP-L 2
TPP-L 3
TPP-L 4
TPP-L 5
Itt
Loi
(A)
74,33 NC100H
56,52 NC100H
62,79 NC100H
NC100L
17,88 H
NC100L
32,35 H
Um
(V)
440
440
440
Im
(A)
100
100
100
Inmax
(kA)
6
6
6
S
cc
3
3
3
440
63
30
440
63
30

64
n mn hc:
- Thanh gp ca t:
Nh tnh ton trn thanh gp ca t hnh ch nht c
sn v kch thc (25x3) mm c chiu di l = 1 (m) khong cch
trung bnh hnh hc d = 100 (mm), c Icp = 340 (A).
- ptmt v dy cp cc t ng lc c tnh ton theo thng
s bng trn.
- Ta chn ptmt bo v ng c theo theo iu kin sau
y:
ImA Im.c
Vy da vo iu kin ta s tnh c thng s ca
tng ptmt i vi tng ng c c th.
My bo g c P m = 2 (kW), I m = 5,06 (A)
Vy I mA I m = 5,06 (A)
- Chn cp t L n cc ng c theo cng thc nh sau:
I kd .dt 1, 25.I dmAT
=
khc. Icp
(A)
1,5
1,5
Vy ta chn dy dn cho my bo g c Icp =
1,25.5,06/1,5= 4,216 (A)
Cc ng c khc cng tnh tng t ta c bng sau:
S
tr
n
b
n
v
Ptt
(k
W)
Itt
(A)
Nhm I
My bo g
23
5,06
My ca trn
29
17,72
My p gia
nhit g
My nn kh
31
10
50,64
35
30
75,96
49
149,
STT Tn thit b
Tng
cng
Ph tii
Dy dn
F(m
m2)
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G4
4G1
0
Icp
(A
)
31
31
53
87
ttomt
Mhiu
DPNa6
DPNa6
C6Oa
NC100E
20

65
I m Ikdnh/1
(A) ,5 (A)
32
32
63
100
22
26,6
6
26,6
6
52,5
83,3
3
189,
n mn hc:
nhm I
38
Nhm II
My tin ren
01
35,42
My tin ren
02
11,38
My tin ren
03
My tin ren
04
4,
5
3,
2
10
My
khoan
ng
My
khoan
ng
Myphayvn
nang
My
bo
ngang
My mi trn
vn nang
My
mi
phng
My gia
05
2,
8
7
7,08
12 My mi sc
cc dao ct
gt
13 My mi sc
6
7
8
9
10
11
Tng cng
nhm II
Nhm III
My khoan
06
07
16,19
25,3
35,42
11,38
10
4,
5
5,
8
2,
8
4
14
2,53
15
2,
8
7,08
2,
8
58
,2
7,08
190,
73
2,53
08
09
16
24
14,67
7,08
10,12
4G2
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G2
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
41
31
V40H
15
40
33,3
3
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
33,3
3
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
DPNa6
32
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
41
V40H
40
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
4G1
,5
31
DPNa6
32
4G1
,5
31
DPNa6
32
42
3
4G1
,5
31
43
2
DPNa6

66
32
26,6
6
26,6
6
359,
92
26,6
6
n mn hc:
My ca ai
26
My bo g
28
My mi hai
Qut gi trung
p
Qut gi s
9.5
Qut gi 14
Tng cng
nhm III
Nhm IV
My ca st
30
My mi hai
pha
My
khoan
bn
My doa to
Tng cng
nhm IV
Nhm V
T sy in
12
18
35,42
My mi hai
pha
My
khoan
bn
My
khoan
ng
Tng
cng
nhm V
19
2,
8
0,
65
7
7,08
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
4,
5
7
11,38
6,32
32
2,
5
9
22,77
33
12
30,36
34
18 45,54
54 136,
61
11
2,
8
2,
8
0,
65
4,
5
10,
75
13
17
20
22
17,71
7,08
14,16
3,28
11,38
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G4
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
35,9
4,93
17,71
17, 65,1
45
4
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
53
23
9
C6Oa
63
25
5
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
12
4
4G2
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
4G1
,5
41
12
8
V40H
40
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
31
DPNa6
32
13
4

67
13
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
52,5
212,
46
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
106,
64
33,3
3
26,6
6
26,6
6
26,6
6
113,
31
n mn hc:
Hnh 4.6 S nguyn l mng h p ca phn xng

SCCK

68
n mn hc:

69
n mn hc:
Chng4
Thit k h thng chiu sng chung

ca phn xng sa cha c kh
6.1 t vn .
Trong cc nh my x nghip cng nghip h thng chiu
sng c vai tr quan trng trong vic m bo cht lng sn
phm , nng cao cng sut lao ng , an ton trong sn sut
v sc kho ca ngi lao ng .Nu nh sng khng ngi
lao ng s phi lm vic trong trng thi cng thng ,hi mt
v nh hng nhiu n sc kho ,kt qu l hng lot sn
phm khng t yu cu v nng sut lao ng thp, thm
ch cn gy tai nn trong khi lm vic . Chnh v vy h
thng chiu sng phi m bo cc yu cu sau:
* Khng b lo mt
* Khng b lo do phn x
* Khng to ra nhng khong ti bi nhng vt b che
khut
* Phi c ri ng u
* Phi to c nh sng cng gn nh sng t nhin cng
tt.
6.2 La chn s lng v cng sut ca h thng n
chiu sng chung.
H thng chiu sng chung ca phn xng Sa cha c
ch s dng cc bng n si t sn sut ti Vit Nam.
Phn xng sa cha c kh c chiu di a=75m,chiu rng
b=31,6m ,din tch lm vic l 2370 m2 .
Ngun in s dng l in p pha U=220 V ly t t
chiu sng ca TBA phn xng B2.
- ri yu cu l E=30(lx).
- H s d tr k=1,3.
- Khong cch t n n mt cng tc :
H=h-hc-hlv=4,5-0.7-0,8=3m.
Trong :
hc
h-chiu cao ca phn xng(tnh t nn ti trn
phn xng)
,h= 4,5m.
hc- khong cch t trn ti n,hc=0,7m.
hlv- chiu cao t nn phn xng ti mt cng
tc,hlv=0,8m.
H
H s phn x ca tng: tg=50%
H s phn x ca trn: tr=30%
Hnh 6.2 S tnh chiu cao chiu sng .
h
lv

70
n mn hc:
* tnh ton chiu sng cho phn xng sa cha c kh

y s p dng phng php h s s dng:
Cng thc tnh ton:
F=
E.S .Z .k
n.k sd
.(lumen).
Trong :
F-quang thng ca mi n,(lumen).
E- ri yu cu,(lx).
S-din tch chiu sng,(m2).
k-h s d tr
n- s bng n c trong h thng chiu sng
chung
ksd-h s s dng
Z-h s ph thuc vo loi n v t s
L/H,thng ly
Z=0,8 1,4 .L l khong cch gia 2 bng
n k tip.
Do dng chiu sng nh xng s dng chao n vn
nng,tra bng c t s
L
= 1,8
H
suy ra L=1,8.3=5,4m cn c vo
chiu rng ca phn xng ta chn L=5m.

Vi chiu di a=75m , chiu rng b=31,6 m ,ta b tr 15
dy bng n, mi dy gm 6 bng, khong cch gia cc bng
n l 5m, khong cch t tng phn xng n dy n gn
nht theo chiu ngang l 2,5 m ,theo chiu rng l 2,5 m .
Tng s bng cn dng l 90 bng.
Ch s phng :
a.b
75.31, 6
= H .(a + b) = 3.(75 + 31, 6) = 7, 4 .

Vi h s phn x ca tng tg=50%,ca trn tr=30%
,tra bng suy ra ksd=0,45 ;Kdt=1,3
chn Z=1,2 .
Do ta tnh c quang thng ca n l:
F=
E.S .Z .k
n.k sd
30.2370.1, 2.1,3
= 2739(lm) .
90.0, 45
Suy ra chn Pn=200(W) c F=3000(lm).

Nh vy tng cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng l:
Pcs=90.200=18000(W)=18(kW).
6.3 Thit k mng in ca h thng chiu sng chung.

71
n mn hc:
cung cp in cho h thng chiu sng chung ca

phn xng ta t 1 t chiu sng trong phn xng gm 1
aptomat tng 3 pha 4 cc v 15 aptomat nhnh 1 pha 2 cc.
*Chn aptomat tng:
-Theo iu kin in p nh mc :UmA
Um.m=380 V.
-Theo dng in nh mc:
ImA Itt=
Pcs
3.U dm.m .cos
18
= 27,35( A) .
3.0,38.1
Chn loi aptomat C60a 4 cc ca hng Merlin Gerin ch

to c cc thng s k thut : ImA=40(A), Ict N=6(kA),
UmA=440(V).
* Chn cp t t phn phi ti t chiu sng:
- Chn cp theo iu kin pht nng cho php :
khc.Icp Itt=27,35(A).
Trong :
Itt l dng in tnh ton ca ph ti chiu sng.
khc l h s hiu chnh ,do cp c hiu
chnh theo nhit ,v ch i mt l nn khc=1.
Suy ra
Icp 27,35(A).
- Kim tra theo iu kin phi hp bo v: bo v bng
aptomat.
I
1, 25.I
1, 25.40
kdd
dmA
=
=
= 33,33( A) .
Im 1,5
1,5
1,5
Chn cp loi 4G2,5 do hng LENS ch to ,c dng in
cho php
Icp=41(A).
* Chn aptomat nhnh:

- UmA Um.m=220(V).
n.Pd
6.200
=
= 5, 45( A)
U
220
dm
.
m
Itt
.
-ImA
Chn loi aptomat NC45a do hng Merlin Gerin ch to loi
2 cc c cc thng s k thut : ImA=6(A) ,
Um=400(V) ,
IN=4,5(kA).
* Chn dy dn t t chiu sng n cc bng n:
Ta chn dy dn kt hp kim tra vi cc thit b bo
v,bo v bng aptomat:
Im
I kdd
1,25 .I dmA
1,25 .10
=
=
= 8,33 ( A ) .
1,5
1,5
1,5
Do chn cp ng tit din 2x1,5mm2 do hng LENS

ch to c dng cho php Icp=37(A).
72
n mn hc:
Hnh 6.3 S nguyn l mng chiu sng phn xng

sa cha c kh

73
n mn hc:

74
n mn hc:
Chng 5
tnh ton b cng sut phn khng
nng cao h s cng sut cho nh my
5.1.t vn .
Vn s dng hp l v tit kim in nng trong cc
x nghip cng nghip c ngha rt ln i vi nn kinh t
v cc x nghip ny tiu th khong 70% tng s in nng
c sn xut ra .H s cos l mt trong cc ch tiu quan
trng nh gi x nghip c dng hp l v tit kim hay
khng .Nng cao h s cos l mt ch trng lu di gn lin
vi mc ch pht huy hiu qu cao nht qu trnh sn xut ,
phn phi v s dng hp l in nng.
Phn ln cc thit b tiu th in u tiu th cng sut
tc dng P v cng sut phn khng Q.Cng sut tc dng l
cng sut c bin thnh c nng hoc nhit nng trong cc
thit b tiu dng in , cn cng sut phn khng Q l cng
sut t ho trong cc my in xoay chiu , n khng sinh ra
cng .Vic to ra cng sut phn khng khng i hi tiu tn
nng lng ca ng c s cp quay my pht in . Mt khc
cng sut phn khng cung cp cho h tiu dng in khng
nht thit phi ly t ngun.V vy trnh truyn ti mt lng Q kh ln trn ng dy, ngi ta t gn cc h tiu th
in cc my sinh ra Q (t in , my b ng b ) cung
cp trc tip cho ph ti , lm nh vy gi l b cng sut phn
khng.Khi b cng sut phn khng th gc lch pha gia dng
in v in p trong mch s nh i , do h s cng sut
cos ca mng c nng cao.
Gia P,Q v gc c quan h sau:
= acrtg
P
Q
Khi lng P khng i , nh c b cng sut phn khng , lng Q truyn ti trn ng dy gim xung , do gc
gim , kt qu cos tng ln
H s cos c nng cao s dn n nhng hiu
qu sau :
* Gim c tn tht cng sut v tn tht in nng
trn mng in.
* Gim tn tht in p trong mng in .
* Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin
p.
* Tng kh nng pht ca cc my pht in.
Cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut cos :
* Nng cao h s cng sut cos t nhin : l tm cc
bin php cc h tiu th in gim bt c lng cng sut
75
n mn hc:
phn khng tiu th nh hp l ho cc ng c thng xuyn lm

vic non ti bng cc ng c c cng sut hp l ....Nng cao
h s cng sut t nhin rt c li v a li hiu qu kinh t
cao m khng phi t thm thit b b.
* Nng cao h s cng sut cos bng bin php b
cng sut phn khng .Thc cht l t cc thit b b gn
cc h tiu th in cung cp cng sut phn khng theo
yu cu ca chng , nh vy s gim c lng cng sut phn
khng phi truyn ti trn ng dy theo yu cu.
5.2.Chn thit b b .
b cng sut phn khng cho cc h thng cung cp
in c th dng t in tnh , my b ng b, ng c
ng b lm vic trng thi qu kch thch ... y ta la
chn cc b t in tnh lm thit b b cho nh my. S
dng cc b t in c u im l tiu hao cng sut tc dng
t , khng c phn quay nh my b ng b nn lp rp, vn
hnh v bo qun d dng .T in c ch to thnh tng
n v nh , v th c th tu theo s pht trin ca cc ph
ti trong qu trnh sn xut m ghp dn t vo mng khin
hiu sut tng cao v khng phi b vn u t ngay mt lc
.Tuy nhin , t in cng c mt s nhc im nht nh
.Trong thc t vi cc n my , x nghip c cng sut khng
tht ln thng dng t in tnh b cng sut phn khng
V tr t cc t b nh hng ln n hiu qu b . Cc
b t in b c th t TPPTT , thanh ci cao p , h p ca
TBAPP , ti cc t phn phi ,t ng lc hoc cc cc ca ph
ti ln . xc nh chnh xc v tr v dung lng t cc
thit b b cn phi tnh ton so snh kinh t k thut cho tng
phng n t cho h thng cung cp in c th . Song theo
kinh nghim thc t , trong trng hp cng sut v dung lng b
ca cc nh my thit b khng tht ln c th phn b dung lng b cn thit dt ti thanh ci h p ca cc TBA phn xng
gim nh vn u t v thun li cho cng tc qun l , vn
hnh.
5.3.Xc nh v phn b dung lng b.
5.3.1. Xc nh dung lng b:
Dung lng b cn thit cho nh my c xc nh theo
cng thc sau:
Q bu = Pttnm ( tg 1 tg 2 )
Trong :
Pttnm
-ph ti tnh ton tc dng ca ton nh
my(kw)

76
n mn hc:
b,
1-gc ng vi h s cng sut trung bnh trc khi
cos 1 = 0,8.
2-gc ng vi h s cng sut bt buc sau khi
b,cos 2=0,95
-h s xt ti kh nng nng cao cos bng
nhng bin php
khng i hi thit b b, = 0,9 1
Vi nh my ang thit k ta tm c dung lng b cn
thit:
Qb = Pttnm (tg 1 tg 2 )=4803,35.(0,750,33).1=2023,73(kVar).
5.3.2.Phn b dung lng b cho cc trm bin p phn xng:
T TPPTT v cc my bin p phn xng l mng hnh tia
gm 5x2 nhnh c s nguyn l v s thay th tnh
ton nh sau:
Hnh 5.1 S thay th mng cao p phn b
dung lng b
Cng thc tnh lng b ti u cho cc nhnh ca hnh tia:

Q bi = Q i
(Q Q bu )
.R td .
Ri
Trong :
Qbi-cng sut phn khng cn b t ti ph ti
th i [kVAr]
Qi-cng sut tnh ton phn khng ng vi ph ti
th i.

77
n mn hc:
Q = Qi -ph ti tnh ton phn khng tng ca

i =1
nh my
5
Q = Qi =4478,14(kVar).
i =1
Ri-din tr ca nhnh th i,
Ri=RBi+RCi, RCil in tr ca dy cp,RBi l in
tr ca my bin
p v c tnh nh sau:
Vi S=500:
PN .U 2 dmB 5, 47.1000.352
=
= 26,8() .
RBi=
S 2 dmB
5002
Vi S=1000:
PN .U 2 dmB 10.1000.352
=
= 12, 25() .
RBi=
S 2 dmB
10002
Vi S=1250:
PN .U 2 dmB 14,1.1000.352
=
= 11, 05() .
RBi=
S 2 dmB
12502
* RCil in tr ca dy cp: RCi= r0 .L

1
1
Rt = ( R + R + R + R + R ) in tr tng ng ca
1
2
3
4
5
mng ( ).
Ta c kt qu tnh in tr ca cc nhnh nh sau:
Bng 5.1 kt qu tnh in tr ca cc
nhnh.
Trm bin
RBi,( )
RCi,( )
Ri,( )
p
B1
13,4
0,09
13,49
B2
6,125
0,07
6,195
B3
5,527
0,03
5,557
B4
5,527
0,03
5,557
B5
13,4
0,07
13,47
in tr tng ng Rt=1,49( )
Suy ra lng b i vi tng TBA l:

Bng 5.2 kt qu tnh lng b cng sut phn khng
Trm bin
Qi.(kVar)
Qbi.(kVar)
Ri,( )
p
B1
13,49
515
243,35
78
n mn hc:
B2
24,57
1384,98
793,38
B3
34,53
1216,22
556,7
B4
34,53
979,4
319,88
B5
13,47
382,54
110,48
Vi kt qu tnh trn ca cc trm bin p ta s dng t b
h p
LE-4D125K5T do Hn Quc ch to c cc thng s k thut
sau:
Qd=125(kVar) ,U=440V.
Nh vy lng b va tnh cho 1 nhnh cc TBA khi phn b s
c chia i t c cc my bin p tng ng ca nhnh
kia.
Bng 5.3 kt qu phn b dung lng b ca nh
my .
Trm
Loi t
Qd
S
Qb yu
Tng
bin p
b
cu
Qb
,
(kV
(kVa
(kVar)
ar)
r)
B1
DLE125
2
243,35
250
4D125K5T
B2
DLE100
8
793,38
800
4D100K5T
B3
DLE100
6
556,70
600
4D100K5T
B4
DLE-4D40K5T
40
8
319,88
320
B5
DLE-4D30K5T
30
4
110,48
120
Hnh 5.2 S lp rp t b Cos
ng.
T
pt
mt tng
T
phn
phi
cho
cc
phn
T b
cos
T
ptmt
phn
on
cho cc TBA phn x-
T b
cos
T
phn
phi
cho cc
phn
xng

79
T pt
mt
tng
n mn hc:
xng
*Tnh ton Cos ca nh my sau khi b:
- Tng cng sut ca cc t b l: Qb=2375(kVar).
- Lng cng sut phn khng truyn trong li cao p
ca nh my l:
Qt=Qttnm-Qb=3582,5- 2250=1332,5(kVAr).
- H s cng sut ca nh my sau khi b l:
Q
1332,5
tg = P = 4803,35 = 0, 277 . Suy Cos = 0,96.

ttnm
Nh vy sau khi lp t t b cho li h p ca nh my
th h s cng sut Cos ca nh my nng ln t yu
cu theo quy nh ca Tng cng ty in lc Vit Nam(EVN).
Hnh 5.4 - S lp t t b trong trm t 1 my:
T phn
T
phi cho
aptoma
cc
t tng phn x
Cos
T b
cos
ng
ca nh my sau khi t b
Tng cng sut ca cc t b : QTB = 3400 kVAr

Lng cng sut phn khng truyn trong li cao p ca
nh my:
Q = QTTNM QTB = 6197.3 3400 = 2797.3 kVar
H s cng sut phn khng ca nh my sau khi b :
tg =
Q
2797 .3
=
Pttnm
7913 .6
= 0.3535
tg = 0.3535 Cos = 0.943

Kt lun : Sau khi lp t b cho li in h p ca nh my
th h s Cos ca nh my t tiu chun ca EVN

80

Do An Cung Cap Dien

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n mn hc:

TRng i HC BCH KHOA H NI

Chng I Xc inh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Xc dnh ph ti tnh ton cc phn xng v ton nh

th h thng cung cp in c thit k s d tha cng sut

knc -h s nhu cu tra trong s tay k thut .

Ptt = kmax .Ptb = kmax .ksd .Pdd

- cng sut trung bnh ca thit b hoc

k sd -h s s dng , tra trong s tay k thut.

nhq -s thit b dng hiu qu .

Po -sut trang b in trn mt n v din

F -din tch b tr thit b.

2.2 Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha

Ptt = k max .ksd . Pdm

S thit b dng in hiu qu l s thit b c cng cng

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

gy ra trong qu trnh lm vic, nhq c xc nh bng biu

c. Khi khng p dng c cc trng hp trn vic xc nh nhq

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Khi xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo phng php trn trong

*Nu n>3 v nhq < 4 th ph ti tnh ton c tnh theo cng

Ptt = 1, 05.k sd . Pdmi

*i vi ph ti c th ph tI bng phng (cc my bm

Ptt = Ptb = k sd . Pdm

*Nu mng c thit b mt pha cn phI phn phi u

n mn hc: thit k h thng cp in ca nh my c kh

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,61

1.3.2. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 2 vi s liu ph ti

Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,86

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

n mn hc: thit k h thng cp in ca nh my c kh

1.3.3. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 3 vi s liu cho bng

Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,76

1.3.4. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 4 vi s liu cho bng

Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,71

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

S thit b s dng hiu qu nhm 4 l: nhq = n*hqxn = 0,71 x 6

1.3.5. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton nhm 5 vi s liu cho bng

Ta tra bng PLI.5 tm c n*hq = 0,64

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Tng cng nhm I

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Tng cng nhm III

Tng cng nhm IV

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Tng cng nhm V

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Qua vic xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha

II. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc phn xng khc

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

II.1.1. Ban qun l v phng thit k

II.1.2. Phn xng c kh s 1

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

Stt = Ptt 2 + Q2tt = 1.043,1252 + 1.3302 = 2.857.009, 76 = 1.690, 27(kVA)

II.1.3. Phn xng c kh s 2

II.1.4. Phn xng luyn kim mu:

Nguyn xun lp lp TH t2-K47 trng i hc bch khoa h ni

- Ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng luyn kim mu:

II.1.5. Phn xng luyn kim en: