Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

M U
1. Xut x ca d n 2. Cn c php lut v k thut ca vic thc hin nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) 2.1 Cn c php lut
xy dng bo co TM ny, cc ngun ti liu v s liu chnh sau y s dng: - Cn c Lut Bo v mi trng s 52/2005/QH11 c Nc Cng ha X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005; - Cn c Ngh nh s nh chi ti t v hng 0/200 /N-C ng 0 / /200 ca Ch nh ph v vic qui n thi h nh mt s i u ca ut Bo v i trng

- Cn c hng t s : 26/2011/ -B N ng 2 thng 9 nm 2011 ca B i ngu n v i trng v vic hng n v nh gi mi trng chi n c nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam t o v mi trng - Cn c Qu t nh s 1 /200 /Q-B N ng 31 thng 12 nm 200 v vic ban hnh cc quy chun k thut Qu c gia v mi trng; - Cn c hng t 1 /200 / -B N ng 07 thng 10 nm 200 v vic ban hnh quy chun k thut Qu c gia v mi trng; - Cn c hng t 25/200 / -B N ng 1 thng 11 nm 200 v vic ban hnh quy chun k thut Qu c gia v mi trng; - Cn c Ngh nh s 5 /2007/N-CP ngy 09/4/2007 ca Chnh ph v Qun l cht thi rn; - Cn c hng t 12/2011/ - BTNMT ca B nh v Qun l cht thi nguy hi; i ngu n v i trng Quy

- Cn c hng t 12/200 / -BTNMT ngy 26/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v i trng v vic hng d n i u kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s ng cp php hnh ngh , m s qun l cht thi nguy hi. - Cn c Ngh nh 2 /2011/N-CP ca chnh ph ngy 18/4/2011 v vic quy nh v nh gi mi trng chi n c nh gi tc ng mi trng, cam k t bo v mi trng.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

2.2 D nh

c cc Ti u chu n Vit

i trng p d ng

c Quy chun k thut Quc gia p dng: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v nc thi sinh hot.
QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng nc ngm.

QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng nc mt.
QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. QCVN 06:2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v mt s cht c hi trong khng kh xung quanh.

QCVN 19/2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi bi v cc cht v c.
QCVN 20/2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v kh thi cng nghip i vi mt s cht hu c.

QCVN 07/2009/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v ngng cht thi nguy QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.

hi.
TCXDVN 33:2006 Cp nc mng li ng ng v cng trnh tiu chun thit k.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

2.3 Ngun ti liu, d liu do Ch d n t lp 3. Phng php p d ng trong qu trnh TM

nh gi m c tc ng do cc hot ng c a d n nh hng n mi trng, cc phng php nh gi tc ng mi trng c s dng trong bo co ny: hng php it s ng v thng s mi trng khi phn tch nh gi TM c a mt hot ng pht trin, ngi nh gi chn ra mt s cc thng s c lin quan n mi trng, lit k ra v cho cc s liu c lin quan n cc thng s , chuyn n ngi ra quyt nh xem xt. hng php nghi n cu ho st th c a o c, ly m u ti hin trng v phn tch trong ph ng th nghim xc nh hin trng cht lng mi trng khng kh, nc, m, n, ti khu vc n. hng php nh gi nhanh theo ti liu c a T ch c Y t th gii WHO 1993, nh m xc nh ngun nhi m v c tnh ti lng cc cht nhi m t hot ng c a n. hng php so snh so snh kt qu o c kho st ti hin trng, kt qu phn tch trong ph ng th nghim v kt qu tnh ton l thuyt vi tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng, nh gi cc tc ng c a n. hng php th ng k: Nh m thu thp v x l cc s liu v iu kin kh tng, th y vn, kinh t x hi ti khu vc xy dng D n.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

4. T chc thc hin TM

o co nh gi tc ng mi trng cho d n u t xy dng Nh my sn xut ng c ch d n ..ch tr thc hin vi s t vn c a Cng ty C phn Gii php Mi trng Xanh (GREENVI). i din c a t ch c t vn lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng: ng Th Thin Trang h c v: Gim c a ch lin lc: 138 inh Tin Hong, P. a Kao, Q.1, TPHCM. in thoi: (08)38208108 Fax: (08)38208639 Trong qu trnh thc hin, Ch d n phi hp v nhn c s gip c a cc c quan ch c nng sau: -S TNMT t nh -Phng TNMT huyn -UBND, UBMTTQ th trn .. .

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng anh sch cn b trc tip tham gia lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c a d n c trnh by trong bng sau: STT Thnh phn tham gia Chc v /Hc v n v ch u t 1 2 n v t vn mi trng 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 ng Th Thin Trang Mai Nht Linh Thi Ngc Bo Dung Nhan Phc Trung Nguy n Ngc Lan Phan Trng Hng L Th Thy H ng Thc s/k s Thc s Thc s K s C nhn C nhn C nhn Qun l Mi trng Qun l Mi trng Qun l Mi trng Xy dng/ kh Cng ngh Mi trng Qun l Mi trng Qun l Mi trng GREENVI GREENVI GREENVI GREENVI GREENVI GREENVI GREENVI Chuyn ngnh o to C qu n

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 1: M
1.1 Tn d n
N U T X Y

T T M TT D

NG NH MY SN XUT NG

1.2 Ch d n
C G TY : : : . . .. , huyn .., t nh .. T ng din tch xy dng: h c v a ch lin h Ngi i din

1.3 V tr

c d n

D n c xy dng trn x n c v tr tip gip nh sau: Pha Bc ng c: Pha Ty Ty Bc: Pha ng ng Nam: Pha Nam Ty Nam:. ..

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

1.4 Ni dung ch yu ca d n 1.4.1 Mc tiu ca d n 1.4.2 Cc hng mc xy dng

Bng 1.1: Cc hng c c ng trnh nh xng. Din tch Xy dng 200 m2 160 m2 20 m2 120 m2 4.201 m2 150 m2 30 m2 40 m2 20 m2 Chi ph xy dng (triu ng) 500 400 20 20 900 250 60 80 50

TT

Tn hng m c Xng sn xut Vn ph ng Nh bo v Nh xe y xanh v ng ni b Khu x l nc thi Nh kho Nh n Phn xng l hi

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

1.4.3 Bin php, khi lng thi cng xy dng cc cng trnh ca d n 1.4.4 Cng ngh sn xut
1.4.4.1 Cng ngh sn xut ng

Ma cy

X l ma

Nc thi, bi, b ma Nc thi, Bn

Lm sch nc ma Bc hi nc ma Nc Nu ng

Nc bc hi ha ch, nc khu l hi Nc ngng t, r ng Nc ra my ly tm, r ng Nc ngng t

Ly tm

Sy ng

Thnh phm

Rc thi, bi

Hnh 1.1: C ng ngh sn xut ng v cc yu t

i trng pht sinh.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Thuyt minh quy trnh: Quy trnh sn xut ng t ma, u tin ma cy c nhp vo nh my ri a vo x l ma (cht, p ma, .) ti y pht sinh nc thi, bi, b ma. Tip theo nc ma c lm sch vi cc cht ha hc nh vi, CO2 , .v sau bc hi trong l nu chn khng. Hn hp tinh th v mt c thu vo my ly tm tch ng ra khi mt r . ng sau khi tch c chuyn qua sy ri ng bao. 1.4.4.2 Cng sut sn ph m Cng sut sn phm d kin .

1.4.5 Danh mc my mc thit b

1.4.5.1 My mc, thit b sn xut Bng 1.2: D nh VT c y S ng c, thit b nhp kh u. Tnh trng mi 100% mi 100% -nt-nt-ntThnh ti n (USD) 240.000 400 20.000 30.000 40.000 c Nht Bn Thy in Nht Bn Trung Quc

STT

Danh m c

Xut x

1 2 3 4 5

My p L hi Thit b sy Thit b nu ng Thit b ly tm T ng cng

Ci Ci Ci Ci

100 1 100 50 100

330.400.000

Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 1.4.5.2 My mc, thit b ph tr 1) Phng tin vn chuyn Bng 1.3: D nh Danh m c Xe nng (chic) Xe ti (chic) c phng tin vn chuyn. S ng Thnh ti n 3 2 20.000 80.000 Tnh trng mi 100% -nt-

T ng gi thnh 1.00.000 USD Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011. 2) Thit b vn phng Bng 1.4: D nh STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Danh m c My iu ha My vi tnh My in Bn gh lm vic in thoi My fax My photo T ng h s Kt st VT Ci Ci Ci L Ci Ci Ci L Ci c thit b vn phng. S ng 8 12 3 1 5 2 1 1 1 Thnh ti n (ng) 70.000.000 90.000.000 15.000.000 50.000.000 2.000.000 5.000.000 23.000.000 20.000.000 15.000.000 300.000.000 Tnh trng mi 100% -nt-nt-nt-nt-nt-nt-nt-nt-

T ng gi thnh Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

1.4.6 Nguyn, nhin, vt liu

1.4.6.1 Nguyn vt liu: Nguyn vt liu chnh dng cho sn xut c a nh my l ma cy, vi hoc CO2, vt liu ng gi Nhu cu v nguyn vt liu chnh c a nh my c th hin trong bng sau: Bng 1.5: STT 1 2 hu cu v nguy n vt iu c nh VT m3 /nm m3/nm y. sn xut n nh 4.906 20

Nguyn vt liu sn xut Ma cy Vi hoc CO2

Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011. 1.4.6.2 Nhu cu nhin liu: Do cc my mc thit b c a nh my ch yu l vn hnh b ng in nn trong qu trnh sn xut ch s dng xng du cho cc phng tin vn chuyn, my pht in. Nhu cu nhin liu c a nh my c trnh by chi tit trong bng sau: Bng 1.6: STT 1 2 3 hu cu v nhi n iu c nh VT Tn/nm Tn/nm Tn/nm y.

Nhu cu nhin liu Du DO Xng Du FO

sn xut n nh 100 80 100

Ngun: Bo co ca ch u t 2011. - Nhu cu in: S lng tiu th d kin: 300.000 Kw/nm. - Nhu cu nc: Nhu cu s dng nc th hin trong bng sau:

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 1.7: TT 1 2 3 4 5 Khu vc s d ng nc Nc dnh cho sinh hot Nc dng trong qu trnh sn xut Nc ti cy Nc ti sn, ng Nc PCCC T ng cng Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011. 6.588m2 5.679m2 1lt/m2 0,5 lt/m2 10 pht cp nc u (20 lt/s) hu cu s d ng nc. Quy m 300 ngi Ch tiu cp nc 120 lt/ngi/ngy T ng s m3/ngy 36 250 6,5 2,5 12 307

1.4.7 Tin thc hin d n

Tin thc hin d n c d kin nh sau: Th tc php l: t thng 1 n thng 4/2011. Thi cng xy dng: t thng 5 n thng 10/2011. Lp t my mc thit b: t thng 11n thng 1/2012. Vn hnh th: t thng 2 n thng 4/2012. Lp t cng c, dng c: t thng 5 n thng 7/2012. Bt u hot ng chnh th c: thng 8/2012.

1.4.8 Vn u t
T ng vn u t d kin: 1.300.000 USD Vn c nh: 900.000 USD Vn lu ng: 400.000 USD Vn dng cho xy dng cc cng trnh mi trng: 3 t.

1.4.9 T chc qun l v thc hin d n

T ch c qun l v thc hin d n c thc hin bi ch u t l cng ty ..

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 2: I U I V
2.1 i u kin t nhi n v 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 i u in v l i u in v tn

HI

, M I TR H I

I HT
i trng

a cht

i u in t v n/hi v n

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

2.1.4

in t n cht lng

n p n

i t n vt l

2.1.4.1 Hin trng cht ng

i trng khng kh xung quanh

V tr o c v ly m u khng kh: gm 2 v tr: K1: M u kh khu vc . K2: M u kh .. Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh ngy Bng 2.1: t qu phn t ch cht ng kh ng kh xung qu nh v vi kh hu. Ch ti u o c v phn tch B i (mg/m3) 0,13 0,15 n (dBA) 58 59 NO2 (mg/m3) 0,05 0,05 SO2 (mg/m3) 0,02 0,06 CO (mg/m3) 1,14 1,34 Nhit (oC) 30,9 30,8 m (%) 72, 4 72, 5

STT

V tr o c v ly mu

1 2

(K1) (K2)

QCVN 05:2009/BTNM T Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh

0,3

0,2

0,35

30

Ngun: Trung tm quan trc v d ch v k thut trng tnh Thi gian o c . Nhn xt:

i trng S Ti nguyn v mi

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 2.1.4.2 Hin trng cht ng nc ngm Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm khu vc d n nh sau: Bng 2.2: t qu phn t ch cht ng nc ng . NO2(mg/l) 9,5 SO42(mg/l) < 0,001 Cl(mg/l) 0,09 Fe t ng (mg/l) < 0,01 Colifor m (mg/l) <3

STT

V tr ly mu

pH

NN01

4,55

QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT: Quy chun k thut Quc gia v cht lng nc ngm

5,5 8,5

400

250

Ngun: Trung tm quan trc v d ch v k thut trng tnh . Thi gian o c . K hiu:

i trng S Ti nguyn v Mi

NN01: M u nc gi ng khoan ti h n .. Nhn xt:

2.1.5 Hin trng ti nguyn sinh hc

- H sinh thi cn: - H sinh thi nc: ..

2.2 i u kin kinh t x hi 2.2.1 i u in in t

2.2.1.1 Sn xut nng nghip - rng trt ....................... - Chn nui: 2.2.1.2 Tiu th cng nghip, dch v : (Ngun: Bo co )

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

2.2.2

i u in

i
m

a. ao ng vic

. Y t ... c. C s h tng.. . Gio c.. e. H th ng in - nc f. V vn ha x hi. (Ngun: Bo co)

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 3:
3.1 nh gi tc ng 3.1.1 n i t

H GI

C CT C

G M I TR

n t on

i i on chun b ca d n
n

- Cc hot ng o p t trong hu v c + Bi:

- Qu tr nh vn chu n t ct ngu n vt liu san lp: Qu trnh bc d v tp kt nguyn vt liu ti cng trng xy dng s gy pht tn bi ra mi trng xung quanh. Bi ch yu pht tn ra t cc ngun vt liu nh ct, , xi mng v mt phn t st thp. T ng khi lng nguyn vt liu cn s dng cho cng trnh l 2.500 tn (xi mng, ct, , st thp, , ). Nh vy, nu quy c h s pht thi ti a c a bi pht sinh t nguyn vt liu xy dng trong qu trnh vn chuyn, bc d v tp kt tng ng vi h s pht thi c a vt liu san lp (0,075kg/tn) [theo WHO,1993] th t ng lng bi pht sinh t qu trnh ny l 187.5 kg bi (trong 04 thng thi cng). Nh vy, lng bi trung bnh pht sinh t vt liu trong giai on xy dng l 1,6kg/ngy. - Nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn trong giai on ny: S lng cng nhn tham gia giai on chun b, san lp mt b ng l 30 ngi. nh m c s dng nc trong giai on ny mi ngi l 120 lt/ngi.ngy (theo TCXDVN 33:2006). T ng lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh l: 120 lt/ngi.ngy x 30 ngi x 80% = 2,88 m3/ngy.m (Quy c lng nc thi b ng 80% lng nc cp). Trong ti lng v nng cc cht nhi m trong nc thi sinh hot c tnh ton nh sau.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.1:Ti ng cht STT nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on chu n b, s n p t bng. H s nhim (g/ngi.ngy) 45 54 72 102 70 145 10 30 6 12 2,4 4,8 0,8 4,0 106 109 Ti ng (g/ngy) 1350 1620 2160 3060 2100 4350 300 900 180 360 72 144 24 120 3.107 3.1010

Cht nhim

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BOD5 COD (Dicromate) ht rn l lng (SS) u m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng oliform (MPN/100ml)

(Ngun: WHO, 1993) Ghi ch: H s nhim c tnh theo Assessment of Sources Of Air, Water, and Land Pollution. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.2: STT ng cht Cht nhim nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on chu n b, s n p t bng. Nng (mg/l) QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT Ct B (chn K=1) (mg/l) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BOD5 COD (Dicromate) ht rn l lng (SS) u m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng oliform (MPN/100ml) 469 563 750 1.063 729 1.510 104 313 63 125 25 50 8 42 10,4.106 10,4.109 50 100 20 50 10 10 5.000

Ghi ch: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B), Ct B qu nh gi tr C ca cc thng s nhim m c s tnh ton gi tr t i a cho php trong nc thi sinh hot khi thi vo cc ngun nc khng dng cho mc ch cp nc sinh hot. Nhn xt: .. - Nc ma chy trn: Giai on chun b, san lp mt b ng di n ra trong khong thi gian 4 thng. Khi thc hin san lp mt b ng di iu kin tri ma nc ma cun qua khu vc thi cng s cun theo hm lng cht rn l lng cao. Tnh ton lng nc ma chy qua khu vc d n theo cng th c sau:

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Cng th c tnh ton lu lng cc i nc ma chy trn: Q = 0,278 x K x I x A Trong : - Q: lu lng cc i (m3/s) - K: h s chy trn ph thuc vo c im b mt t - I: cng ma (mm/gi) - A: din tch khu vc (m2) Nc ma chy trn trn b mt cc cng trnh ph v trn b mt thuc phm vi c a nh my c quy c sch, mc d c th ch a cc cht v c, hu c nhng vi hm lng nh khng tc ng ng k n mi trng. V vy, loi ny c th x trc tip vo h thng thot nc ma chung. - Rc thi sinh hot: Cc loi bao b, thc phm th a, sinh ra t cc khu ln tri tm thi v sinh hot c a cng nhn lao ng trc tip trn cng trng thi cng. + T ng lng lao ng tham gia thi cng: 30 ngi/ngy. + Lng rc thi sinh hot trung bnh trn cng trng: 0,7 kg/ngi/ngy. Lng rc thi ra l: 21 kg/rc ngy. - Rc thi nguy hi nh du m bi trn, gi lau, Lng cht thi nguy hi c tnh khong 0,5 kg/ngy. - Rc thi xy d ng: Trong giai on chun b, san lp mt b ng rc thi xy dng c a d n ch yu l xc b cy ci, thc vt pht quang v t ct th a ri vi do san lp. T ng khi lng rc thi xy dng giai on ny c tnh 1 tn/thng. Rc thi xy dng c a giai on ny s c thu gom v 1 ch v hp ng vi cng ty mi trng th ti a phng thu gom v bi chn lp. nh gi tc ng c a rc thi xy dng khng ng k v khng nh hng n cc yu t mi trng xung quanh.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

3.1.2

n
dng

i t

n t on

i i on thi cng xy dng

3.1.2.1 Ngun gy tc ng c i n qu n n cht thi trong gi i on xy

1) Ngun gy nhim khng kh Khng kh khu vc d n c th b nhi m bi cc ngun sau: - Qu trnh xy dng nh my c s dng mt s loi my mc, thit b nh: my khoan, my hn, my dm, my ct, my trn b tng, Khi hot ng chng to ra cc loi kh thi nh: SO2, NO2, hydrocacbon,... gy nhi m khng kh. - Cc cht c trong khi thi c a cc phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu ra vo khu vc d n nh: O, NO2, SO2, cht hu c bay hi v bi gy nhi m khng kh. - Bi pht sinh t vt t trn ng vn chuyn; - Bi v kh thi t vic s dng nhin liu c a phng tin vn chuyn; - Bi pht sinh t qu trnh bc d vt t. Bng 3.3: Ti ng c t nh c STT 1 Ngun gy nhim Bi sinh ra do qu trnh bc d vt liu xy dng (xi mng, t ct, ), my mc, thit b. t s ngun gy nhi .

H s pht thi 0,1 - 1 g/m3

Khi thi c a cc phng tin vn ti v c gii thi i: 4,3 kg/tn O cng SO2: 0,1 kg/tn O 2 NOx: 55 kg/tn O: 0,1 kg/tn O O

VO : 0,1 kg/tn O 3 Xe vn chuyn ct, t lm ri vi trn mt ng pht sinh bi . 0,1 1 g/m3 h gii

Ngun thut nh gi nhanh nhim mi trng ca chc Y t WHO 1993. hn xt: So snh vi QCV Kt lun: . .

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.4: ng kh c hi do t thi r tr n 1 k ng i.

ng c hi, g/k .xe ng i Cht c hi ng c xng y n 60,00 2,20 0,22 0,17 0,49 nhim hng h v x nc h thi chy ng c diezen 0,69 2,57 0,68 1,02 1,28 0,47 rn Ngc Chn 2001.

CO NOx i l lng SO2 h Ngun Gio tr nh 2) Ngun gy nhi - Nc thi sinh hot:

S lng cng nhn tham gia giai on xy dng l 100 ngi. nh m c s dng nc trong giai on ny mi ngi l 120 lt/ngi.ngy (theo TCXDVN 33:2006). T ng lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh l: 120 lt/ngi.ngy x 100ngi x 80% = 9,6 m3/ngy.m. Nh vy ti lng v nng cc cht nhi m trong nc thi sinh hot giai on ny c tnh ton nh sau.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.5: Ti ng cht STT Cht nhim nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on xy dng. H s nhim (g/ngi.ngy) 45 54 72 102 70 145 10 30 6 12 2,4 4,8 0,8 4,0 106 109 Ti ng (g/ngy) 3.150 3.780 5.040 7.140 4.900 10.150 700 2.100 420 840 168 336 56 280 7.107 7.1010

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BOD5 COD (Dicromate) Cht rn l lng (SS) Du m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng Coliform (MPN/100ml)

(Ngun: WHO, 1993) Ghi ch: H s nhim c tnh theo Assessment of Sources Of Air, Water, and Land Pollution. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993.

- 23 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.6: STT ng cht nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on xy dng. Nng (mg/l) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BOD5 COD (Dicromate) ht rn l lng (SS) u m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng oliform (MPN/100ml) 328 394 525 744 510 1.057 73 219 44 88 18 35 6 29 7,2.106 - 7,2.109 QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT Ct B (chn K=1)(mg/l) 50 100 20 50 10 10 5.000

Cht nhim

Ghi ch: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B), Ct B qu nh gi tr C ca cc thng s nhim m c s tnh ton gi tr t i a cho php trong nc thi sinh hot khi thi vo cc ngun nc khng dng cho mc ch cp nc sinh hot. Nhn xt: . Nc ma chy trn: Tng t nh giai on chun b, san lp mt b ng giai on ny lng nc ma nc chy trn qua khu vc c nng nhi m khng ng k. Ton b nc ma s c thu gom b ng h thng cng rnh thot nc ring, cch ly khng nc ma chy qua khu vc ang thi cng mang theo bi, t ct vo ngun tip nhn. Nc ma chy trn trn b mt cc cng trnh ph v trn b mt thuc phm vi c a nh my c quy c sch, mc d c th ch a cc cht v c, hu c nhng vi hm lng nh khng tc ng ng k n mi trng. Nh my s xy dng h thng thot nc ma hon ch nh tch ring vi h thng thot nc thi.

- 24 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.7: Thnh phn nc STT 1 2 3 4 Cht nhi n v mg/lt mg/lt mg/lt mg/lt chy trn. ng 10 20 10 20 0,5 1,5 0,004 0,03 ch t, 2005.

ht rn l lng COD T ng Nit T ng photpho

Ngun K t qu nghin cu tng hp ca Vin v sinh

- 25 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 3) Ngun gy nhim cht thi rn - Rc thi sinh hot: cc loi bao b, thc phm th a, sinh ra t cc khu ln tri tm thi v sinh hot c a cng nhn lao ng trc tip trn cng trng thi cng. + T ng lng lao ng tham gia thi cng: 100 ngi/ngy. + Lng rc thi sinh hot trung bnh trn cng trng: 1 kg/ngi/ngy. Lng rc thi ra l: 100 kg/rc ngy Ton rc sinh hot s c thu gom vo thng ch a rc sinh hot v c ch d n hp ng vi cng ty mi trng th c a a phng thu gom mi ngy v bi chn lp rc a phng. h d n cam kt thc hin bin php qun l, thu gom rc thi sinh hot ng quy nh v thc hin tt trong giai on chun b san lp mt b ng n khi giai on xy dng kt thc. o ngun gy nhi m ny l khng ng k. - Cht thi rn xy dng bao gm cc loi bao b vt liu xy dng, gch vn, x bn, dy in, ng nha, knh, cp pha h hng, st, Nh thu xy dng s tp trung khi lng cht thi ny ti s dng, phn thi b s c thu gom x l. T ng khi lngcht thi rn xy dng giai on ny c tnh 10 tn/thng. - Rc thi nguy hi nh du m bi trn, gi lau, tnh khong 0,5 kg/ngy. Lng cht thi nguy hi c

3.1.2.2 Ngun gy tc ng kh ng i n qu n n cht thi trong gi i on xy dng 1) Ngun gy nhim n Trong giai on xy dng ting n ch yu pht sinh do hot ng c a my hn, my trn b tng, xe lu, my o, cc xe ti vn chuyn vt liu. Cc loi phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng cng pht sinh ting n. Ting n ti ngun do hot ng c a cc xe gy ra theo cc s liu thc nghim dao ng trong khong t 77 92 dBA.

- 26 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.8: Mc n pht sinh t cc thit b STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2) Xe i Xe lu Xe cun b tng n trc a ch n v khoan My ng cc My pht in Thit b y c trong qu trnh thi cng. Mc n (dB ) 93,0 72,0 74,0 75,0 88,0 76,0 87,0 76,0 99,0 90,0 104,0 72,0 82,5

Ngun: Ti liu nh gi nhanh ca T chc Y T Th gii, WHO 1993. gun gy nhi nhit nhi m nhit pht sinh t b c x nhit mt tri, t cc qu trnh thi cng c gia nhit (nh t cc phng tin vn ti v my mc thi cng, nht l khi tri nng b c).

3.1.3

i t

n t on

i i on vn hnh

3.1.3.1 Ngun gy tc ng c i n qu n n cht thi Bng 3.9: Cc ngun gy tc ng trong gi i on vn hnh. STT nhim Ngun gy tc ng - Phng tin giao thng 1 Khng kh, mi - T h thng x l nc thi, t khu tp trung rc, khu nh v sinh - My pht in tm thi v kh thi l hi 2 Nc - Nc ma chy trn, nc thi sinh hot, nc thi sn xut t khu p ma - Cht thi rn sinh hot c a cng nhn vin trong nh my v b ma thi ra trong qu trnh sn xut 3 Cht thi rn - Rc thi nguy hi pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng c a nh my - Bn thi t h thng x l nc thi Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh, Greenvi, 2011. - 27 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 1) gun gy nhi kh ng kh :

- i: Pht sinh t cng on nhp nguyn, vt liu. ng bao v xut xng. - Kh thi t phng tin giao thng: Cc loi phng tin vn chuyn ra vo nh my ch yu: xe my, xe t, xe ti vn chuyn nguyn vt liu sn xut, sn phm v cc phng tin vn chuyn v xp d trong ni b nh my. Nhin liu s dng ch yu l xng, du diezel, khi t chy s sinh ra khi thi ch a cc cht gy nhi m khng kh. Thnh phn cc cht nhi m trong khi thi trn ch yu l SO2, NO2, CO2, CO, cacbuahydro, aldehyde v bi. Ngun nhi m do giao thng vn ti, khng tp trung v khng thng xuyn, do kh qun l. Bin php qun l ngun gy nhi m ny tt nht l khuyn khch dng xe mi hiu sut t cao trnh khi thi, ngoi ra c th dng bin php trng cy xanh xung quanh nh my hn ch nhi m. - Kh thi t l hi: Nh my s dng du FO t trong l hi cc kh CO2, CO, NO2, SO2, SO3 v hi nc, ngoi ra c n c mt hm lng nh tro v cc ht tro rt nh trn l n vi du chy khng ht tn ti di dng m hng. Bng 3.10: H STT ng c cc cht Ch tiu nhi trong ng khi t du FO. Gi tr QCVN 19:2009 Ct B 1 2 3 4 Bi SO2 NO2 CO Mg/m3 Mg/m3 Mg/m3 Mg/m3 2.000 2.500 700 1200 400 700 50 100 200 500 850 1000

n v

Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011. nhi m khng kh do t du O chy my pht in: Nh my s dng my pht in d ph ng c cng sut 1.500 kwh. Nhin liu c s dng cho my pht in l du DO. tnh ton m c nhi m c a my pht in, c th s dng h s nhi m nh sau:

- 28 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.11: H s nhi c y pht in t du D . H s (g/kWh) 0,415 5,01 0,369 10,4S = 0,312 1,14 h

Cht nhim THC NOx Bi SO2 CO gii Ngun H 1 3.

thut nh gi nhanh nhim mi trng ca chc Y t

Hm lng lu hunh trong du DO l 0,5 %. n c vo cng sut my pht in: 1.500 kWh, ti lng nhi m c a my pht in c tnh nh sau:

- 29 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.12: Ti ng cc cht Cht nhim g/h THC NOx Bi SO2 CO 622,5 7.515 553,5 468 1.710 g/s 0,173 2,09 0,15 0,13 0,475 nhi t y pht in t du D . nhi

Ti ng

Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011.

- 30 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng - M i: Pht sinh t h thng x l nc thi c a nh my. 2) gun gy nhi nc - Nc ma chy trn: Nc ma chy trn trn b mt cc cng trnh ph v trn b mt thuc phm vi c a nh my c quy c sch, mc d c th ch a cc cht v c, hu c nhng vi hm lng nh khng tc ng ng k n mi trng. V vy, loi ny c th x trc tip vo h thng thot nc ma chung. Nh my s xy dng h thng thot nc ma hon ch nh tch ring vi h thng thot nc thi. Bng 3.13: Thnh phn nc STT 1 2 3 4 Cht nhi n v mg/lt mg/lt mg/lt mg/lt chy trn. ng 10 20 10 20 0,5 1,5 0,004 0,03 ch t, 2005.

ht rn l lng COD T ng Nit T ng photpho

Ngun K t qu nghin cu tng hp ca Vin v sinh

- Nc thi sinh hot: S lng cng nhn hot ng ti nh my l 300 ngi. nh m c s dng nc trong giai on ny mi ngi l 120 lt/ngi.ngy (theo TCXDVN 33:2006). T ng lng nc thi sinh hot pht sinh l: 120 lt/ngi.ngy x 300 ngi x 80% = 28,8 m3/ngy.m. Nh vy ti lng v nng cc cht nhi m trong nc thi sinh hot giai on ny c tnh ton nh sau.

- 31 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.14: Ti ng cht STT Cht nhim nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on vn hnh. H s nhim (g/ngi.ngy) 45 54 72 102 70 145 10 30 6 12 2,4 4,8 0,8 4,0 106 109 Ti ng (g/ngy) 13.500 16.200 21.600 30.600 21.000 43.500 3.000 9.000 1.800 3.600 720 1.440 240 1.200 3.108 3.1011

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

BOD5 COD (Dicromate) Cht rn l lng (SS) Du m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng Coliform (MPN/100ml)

(Ngun: WHO, 1993) Ghi ch: H s nhim c tnh theo Assessment of Sources Of Air, Water, and Land Pollution. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993.

- 32 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.15: STT ng cht nhi trong nc thi sinh hot gi i on vn hnh. Nng (mg/l) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BOD5 COD (Dicromate) ht rn l lng (SS) u m Nitrat (tnh theo N) Amoni (tnh theo N) Phosphat (tnh theo P) T ng Coliform (MPN/100ml) 469 563 750 1.063 729 1.510 104 313 63 125 25 50 8 42 10,4.106 - 10,4.109 QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT Ct B (chn K=1)(mg/l) 50 100 20 50 10 10 5.000

Cht nhim

Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011. Ghi ch: QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B). - Nc thi sn xut + Nc thi t khu p ma: y, nc d ng ngm p ng trong ma v lm mt cc trc c a my p. c lng khong 100 m3 / ngy. + Nc thi ra lc, lm mt, ra thit b v ra sn: Nc thi ra lc tuy c lu lng nh. Nc lm mt c dng vi lng ln v thng c tun hon hu ht hoc mt phn trong quy trnh sn xut. Nc lm mt thng nhi m bn mt s cht hu c bay hi t nc ng un si trong ni nu. Nc ra thit b v ra sn c lu lng thp v c x nh k. c lng khong 50 m3 / ngy. + Nc thi khu l hi: Nc thi khu l hi c x nh k vi c im l cht rn l lng cao v gi tr BOD thp, nc thi mang tnh kim. c lng khong 50 m3 / ngy. T ng lu lng nc thi sn xut: 200 m3 / ngy.

- 33 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 3) gun gy nhi cht thi rn

nhi m do cht thi rn sn xut

+ B ma v bao b ch a ph liu, bao b ng gi sn phm b h pht sinh khong 50 kg/ngy. + Lng b n pht sinh cng thuc dng nh cht thi nguy hi c tnh khong 50 kg/ngy. nhi m do cht thi nguy hi + Gi lau, v sinh my mc thit b v bao tay c a cng nhn thi ra khong 20 kg/ngy. + Nht th y lc v nht bi trn thi ra trong qu trnh vn hnh thit b thi ra khong 30 lt/thng. nhi m do cht thi rn sinh hot: Lng cht thi pht sinh trung bnh: 1kg/ngi.ngy. T ng lng rc thi sinh hot pht sinh trong nh my l: 300 kg/ngy. Thnh phn ch yu c a rc thi sinh hot, bao gm:
o c hp cht c ngun gc hu c nh: thc phm, rau qu, th c n d th a,...

+ T ng ngi trong nh my: 300 ngi.

hot ng sinh hot c a cng nhn vin trong nh my gm: cc loi bao b ng n, th c ung, .
o Cht thi rn t

4)

nhi

do ting n

Ting n pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut nh: Nhp nguyn liu, p ma v ting n t my pht in, t phng tin giao thng vn chuyn ra vo nh my nhng khng ng k. 5) nhi do nhit th Ngun gy nhi m nhit gm: Bn ngoi nh my: - Phng tin vn chuyn, b c x mt tri xuyn qua trn mi tn vo nhng ngy tri nng gt. Bn trong nh my: - Nhit ta ra do hot ng c a con ngi v nhit th a pht sinh tt c cc khu trong qu trnh sn xut.

- 34 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 3.1.3.2 gun tc ng kh ng i n qu n n cht thi

- Bin i kh hu: Cc ngun gy nhi m khng kh nh: kh thi, bi, nhit nu khng c gim thiu hiu qu v lu di s gy tc ng n mi trng vi kh hu khu vc. Bin i vi kh hu chng nhng lm tri t nng ln gy hiu ng nh knh m c n e da s a dng sinh hc, nh hng s c khe con ngi. Mc d, d n ch gy nh hng m c nh nhng cng s c quan tm qun l, x l t hiu qu trnh nh hng v tc ng v lu di. - Suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin Cc cht nhi m t nc thi, cht thi rn s gy tc ng n cht lng nc mt, cht lng t, nc ngm khu vc d n, v lu di c th gy tc ng lm suy thoi cc thnh phn mi trng t nhin c a a phng. Tuy nhin, khi thc hin d n, Ch u t lun dnh s quan tm ng mc i vi cc ngun thi gy nh hng n mi trng.

- 35 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

3.1.4

i tng b t

ng

3.1.4.1 i tng b tc ng trong gi i on xy dng i tng b tc ng bi cc ngun gy nhi m c lit k trong bng sau: Bng 3.16: i tng b tc ng bi cc ngun gy STT 1 Ngun gy nhim Tc nhn gy nhim Quy m khng gian Tt c cng nhn trc tip tham gia xy dng ti cng trng v cc cng trnh ln cn. nhi . Quy m thi gian Tc ng ngn

nhi m khng Bi, khi thi, kh do vn hnh SO2, NO2, CO my mc, thit b thi cng, phng tin vn chuyn nguyn vt liu nhi m nc do nc thi sinh hot

Nc thi sinh Khu vc nh my hot c ch a cc v khu vc tip cht: TSS, BOD, nhn cht hot ng b mt, coliform nu khng c tiu thot v x l. Khu vc nh my

Tc ng lu di

nhi m thi rn

cht - Rc thi sinh hot - Cht thi xy dng - Du nht thi

Tc ng ngn

nhi m n

- Phng tin thi cng c gii - Phng tin vn chuyn

Khu vc nh my Tc ng ngn v khu vc ln cn

nhi m nhit

- Kh hu nng b c - Nhit cao

Tt c cng nhn trc tip tham gia xy dng ti cng trng

Tc ng ngn

Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011. - 36 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 1) i tn t n in Cht ng nc + Cht ng nc mt: B nh hng bi nc thi sinh hot khng qua x l , nc ma chy trn trn b mt cng trnh thi cng. + Cht ng t nc ngm: B nh hng bi du nht thi chy trn trn b mt khng c thu gom, qun l cht ch; rc thi sinh hot v cht thi xy dng lu tr khng ng quy nh phn h y thnh nhiu cht c chy trn trn mt t. nh hng n sc he con ngi S c khe ngi lao ng cng nh ngi dn xung quanh khu vc d n b nh hng bi: + Cc cht gy nhim khng kh: SO2, NO2, CO, bi Gy kch thch vim ty da, h h hp. + Nc thi sinh hot: Khng c kim sot cht ch s gy tnh trng ng ti ch, gy m i hi, lm pht sinh rui, mui, nhng,...iu kin v sinh ti khu vc b gim st t gy tc ng n s c khe c a cng nhn. Ngi lao ng c th b cc bnh nh: au bng, th t, st xut huyt, + Cht thi rn sinh hot: Vi iu kin kh hu nng m c a khu vc cng nh vo nhng ngy ma ln, cc cht thi c th b phn h y gy thi ra to ra nhiu sn phm c hi c th gy nh hng n s c khe c a ngi lao ng cng nh ngi dn xung quanh. S c khe c a con ngi cng b tc ng do mc mt s bnh nh: st xut huyt do mui t, au bng v th t do vi tr ng, vi khun gy bnh, + Du nht thi: c phn loi l cht thi nguy hi theo Quyt nh 23/2006/Q- TNMT. V vy, nu khng c thu gom v x l trit s l ngun gy nhi m tim n n mi trng t, nc ngm v nc mt, t , s gy tc ng n s c khe con ngi nu con ngi s dng th c n, ung b nhi m do du nht thi v du nht chy trn c th tn ti n hn 30 nm trong mi trng t nhin. + Cht thi x ng: Thng khng c hi c th ti ch hoc ti s dng. Tuy nhin, nu khng qun l tt chng c th gy ra tai nn lao ng do inh, c, knh v, km ri vi v cng nhn d m p phi. Ngoi ra, cc bi ch a rc thi c th to ra nhng hc ngch tm ti, m thp, to iu kin thun li cho rui, mui pht trin lm gim iu kin v sinh c a khu vc v gy nh hng n s c khe con ngi.

- 37 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng + nhim n Hu ht m c gy n ti a c a cc phng tin thi cng c gii u cao hn gii hn cho php. Vic tip xc thng xuyn vi ting n c th gy t n thng n thnh lc c a ngi lao ng. Ngoi ra, ting n cn gy che lp nhng m thanh cn nghe, khin cho ngi nghe kh tip nhn c cc thng tin nh mong mun. Bng 3.17: Mc n in hnh cc c ng trng xy dng. h gun I Pht quang o p Lm mng Xy dng Hon tt 83 88 81 81 88 II 83 75 81 65 72 Vn phng, cc c ng trnh c ng cng n v tnh (d I 84 89 78 87 89 II 84 79 78 75 75 ) I 84 89 77 84 89 II 83 71 77 72 74 h kho, khu dch v

Ngun: Environmental Impact Assessment, Larry W.Canter, Mc.Graw Hill, 1996. Trong : I Tt c cc thit b thch hp c mt ti cng trng II S thit b ti thiu c mt ti cng trng M c tc ng c th phn lm 3 cp i vi cc i tng chu tc ng nh sau: Nng: cng nhn trc tip thi cng v cc i tng khc c ly gn (trong v ng bn knh chu nh hng < 100m). Trung bnh: tt c cc i tng chu tc ng c ly xa (trong v ng bn knh t 100 500m). Nh : ngi i ng Nhn xt:...............................

- 38 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng + nhim nhit Cc nh hng do nhi m nhit ln ngi lao ng: kh hu khu vc c nhit kh cao (c bit l cc thng ma kh). nh hng ny c bit quan trng trong nhng ngy nng gt, do phi lm vic trong thi gian di ngoi nng nn ngi lao ng s chu cc nh hng c a b c x mt tri lm cho con ngi nhanh chng mt mi, kht nc, gy nh c u, chng mt, d n n gim nng sut lao ng v tng kh nng tai nn lao ng. Nhit cao s gy nn nhng bin i v sinh l con ngi nh mt nhiu m hi, mt mt lng cc mui khong nh cc ion K+, Na+, Ca2+, I+, Fe2,3+ v mt s sc t khc. Nhit cao cng lm c tim phi lm vic nhiu hn, ch c nng c a thn, ch c nng c a h thn kinh trung ng cng b nh hng. Ngoi ra lm vic trong mi trng nng b c, t l mc cc bnh thng cao hn so vi lm vic trong mi trng bnh thng. ng th c vt + i vi ng vt: ni chung cc cht nhi m c tc hi i vi con ngi u c tc hi i vi ng vt hoc trc tip qua ng h hp hoc gin tip qua nc ung hoc cy c b nhi m bi cc cht nhi m khng kh. Cc nghin c u v vn ny cha nhiu nhng c th khng nh cc kh acid, bi ha hc v c hc, u gy tc hi i vi ng vt v vt nui. + i vi thc vt: cc nghin c u cho thy r hn nh hng c a cc cht nhi m khng kh i vi thc vt. C th: - Ni chung cc kh SO2, NO2 khi b oxy ha trong khng kh v kt hp vi nc ma s to nn ma acid gy nh hng n s pht trin c a cy trng v thm thc vt. - SO2 lm nh hng ti s pht trin c a cy ci khi c nng trong khng kh b ng 3ppm. nng cao hn c th gy rng l v gy cht cy. - Bi bm trn mt l lm gim kh nng h hp v quang hp c a cy, lm gim s sinh trng v pht trin, nh hng n nng sut cy trng.

- 39 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 2) i tn in t

Gp phn tng thu nhp cho ngi dn a phng nh: nhu cu nh tr, nhu cu i li, n ung c a ngi lao ng. Nhu cu nguyn vt liu nh: t, ct, , xi mng, ng nc, thu nhp cho doanh nghip trong vng. 3) i tn v n + Tch c c: - Gii quyt c cng n vic lm tm thi cho khong 50 ngi. + Tiu c c: - Nguy c xy ra xung t gia lao ng v ngi dn trong vng gy mt trt t x hi. - Nguy c pht sinh t nn x hi: trm cp, - Nguy c lm gia tng tai nn giao thng vo gi tan ca. 4) 5) i tn t n i o t n n n i tn di t l s i gp phn tng

3.1.4.2 i tng b tc ng trong gi i on hot ng c i tng chnh b tc ng trong giai on hot ng nh my c lit k theo bng di y:

- 40 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.18: i tng b tc ng trong gi i on hot ng. i tng b tc ng Cc yu t tc ng Qui m khng gian Qui m thi gian

Cc i tng t nhin Mi trng khng Bi, ting n, Kh thi kh Mi trng t, nc ngm Khu vc nh my Tc ng lu v khu vc ln cn. di Tc ng lu di

- Nc thi sinh hot Khu vc nh my v sn xut. - Cht thi rn sinh hot v sn xut.

Mi trng nc

- Nc thi sinh hot Khu vc nh my Tc ng lu v cng nghip. v khu vc tip di - Cht thi rn sinh nhn hot v cng nghip. - S c HTXLNT. i vi Khu vc tip nhn Tc ng lu di

Ti nguyn sinh - Cht thi nhi m vt Cc i tng kinh t vn ha x hi

Cng trnh v ti - nhi m khng kh sn - S c chy n

Khu vc nh my - Tc ng lu v khu vc ln cn. di - Tc ngn ng

S c khe ngi

con - Hu ht cc ngun Khu vc nh my gy nhi m Khu vc ln cn - nhi m mi trng - Cc trng - Li nghip r i ro mi cng Khu vc ln cn

Tc ng lu di Tc ng lu di

i sng ngi dn xung quanh khu vc

sng

- 41 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng i tng b tc ng Bin i vi kh hu Cc yu t tc ng - Nhit do my mc - B c x nhit mt tri - Nhit th a c a ngi lao ng - Kh thi - Khu vc ln cn Qui m khng gian - Khu vc nh my Qui m thi gian Tc ng lu di

Ngun: Cng ty c phn gii php mi trng xanh Greenvi, 2011. 1) i tn t n in Cht ng nc t + Cht lng nc mt: Nc thi sinh hot v nc thi sn xut nu khng c x l thi trc tip ra sng s lm nhi m ngun nc mt khu vc. + Cht lng t, nc ngm: Cc cht nhi m khng kh nh SO2, NO2, O,...khi gp ma chng tan trong nc ma to thnh axit lm chua nc ma khi xung t lm chua, t. c axit h a tan, cc oxit kim loi kim, cc cacbonat lm hnh thnh cc loi mui trong t ( aSO4, CaHCO3, CaCl2) lm tng mn c a t t lm nhi m nc ngm. Nc thi b nhi m kim loi nng khi thi trc tip vo mi trng s lm tng lng kim loi trong t v giun t gy nhi m t. c cht thi rn, c bit l mt s loi c ch a ha cht v cc kim loi nng nu khng c qun l cht ch m v t b b a bi vo t s lm nhi m t.

- 42 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng nh hng n sc he con ngi

+ Cc cht gy nhim khng kh: SO2, NO2, CO, bi Mt s tc ng c a cc cht gy nhi m khng kh i vi s c khe con ngi: Bng 3.19: Triu chng c c th i vi S ng S
2, 2.

mg/m3

Triu chng Gii hn pht hin thy b ng mi Gii hn gy c tnh Gii hn gy kch thch h hp, ho Gii hn gy nguy him sau khi ht th 30 60 pht Gii hn gy t vong nhanh 30 pht 60 pht

8 13 mg/m3 20 30 mg/m3 50 mg/m3 130 260 mg/m3 1.000 1.300 mg/m3

Ngun Gio tr nh nhim hng h v ti ng n phng php gim st, .Ngu n Qu c Bnh,2005.

- 43 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bng 3.20: Triu chng c c th ng vi nng c cboxy-hemoglobin. ng C , pp 50 100 250 500 1.000 10.000 st Triu chng Nhi m c nh Nhi m c v a phi, chng mt Nhi m c nng, chng mt un nn, nn, try Hn m ht

Ngun Gio tr nh nhim hng h v ti ng n phng php gim .Ngu n Qu c B nh 2005.

Oxide nitrogen c bit n nh l mt cht gy kch thch vim ty v c tc hi i vi h thng h hp. Cc triu ch ng bnh l do NO2 gy ra c trnh by trong bng sau: Bng 3.21: Tc hi c Nng NO2 (ppm) 500 300 400 150 200 50 100
2

ph thuc vo nng v thi gi n tip xc. Triu chng Cht ngi Gy vim ph i v cht Vim x cung ph i Vim cung ph i v mng ph i

Thi gian tip xc 48 gi 2 10 ngy 3 5 tun 6 8 tun

Ngun Gio tr nh nhim khng kh v x l kh thi, Trn Ngc Chn, 2000.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng nh gi: + Nc thi sn xut v nc thi sinh hot: Vi quy m thi gian tc ng lu di, lu lng tng i ln, nu khng c bin php x l t hiu qu khi thi vo ngun tip nhn chng s lm nhi m ngun nc mt. Khi con ngi s dng ngun nc mt ny ti cy trng, nui trng th y sn chng s b nhi m c, con ngi khi n nhng thc vt, ng vt, hi sn b nhi m c cng s b nhi m c s c khe gim st theo thi gian c th gy t vong. + Cht thi rn ni chung (sinh hot v cng nghip) nu lu tr v vn chuyn x l khng ng quy nh chng s phn h y hoc khng phn h y lm gia tng nng cc cht dinh dng, to ra cc hp cht v c, hu c c hi... lm nhi m ngun nc, gy hi cho h vi sinh vt t, cc sinh vt th y sinh trong nc hay to iu kin cho vi khun c hi, rui mui pht trin v l nguyn nhn gy cc dch bnh gy nh hng n s c khe con ngi. + Cht thi nguy hi Cht thi nguy hi c ch a ha cht v cc kim loi nng nu khng c qun l cht ch m v t b b a bi vo t s lm nhi m t. t s b thay i pH v tng hm lng kim loi nng trong t. y ci s dn tch ly nhiu hn cc kim loi nng v gy nguy hi cho con ngi. + nhim n Ting n cao hn tiu chun cho php s gy cc nh hng xu n mi trng v trc tin l n s c khe c a ngi cng nhn trc tip sn xut nh mt ng , mt mi, gy tm l kh chu, gim nng sut lao ng. Tip xc vi ting n c cng cao trong thi gian di s lm cho thnh lc gim st, d n ti bnh ic ngh nghip. Theo thng k c a B Y t v Vin Nghin c u Khoa hc K thut Bo h lao ng c a T ng Lin on Lao ng Vit Nam th ting n gy nh hng xu n hu ht tt c b phn c th c a con ngi. + nhim nhit Lm vic trong mi trng nhit m thp con ngi s d b nhi m khun, vi trng c th lm vim da, nm mc. Cng tr nh t i sn Kh thi, bi nu khng c bin php qun l hiu qu khi thi vo mi trng chng s gy nh hng n cc cng trnh v ti sn c a cc nh my ln cn nh: n m n b mt cng trnh, nh xng, my mc thit b. ng th c vt lm thc vt chm pht + i vi thc vt: Cc cht gy nhi m khng kh nh: SO2, NO2, CO, trin, chy l, kh cy, nng sut thp. - 45 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Nc thi ch a cc cht nhi m lm nh hng n cht lng nc mt, ngi nng dn d ng nc ny phc v cho sn xut nng nghip s nh hng n s pht trin c a cy trng. + i vi ng vt Cc cht c hi trong nc thi c th gy nh hng trc tip n h ng thc vt di nc v h sinh thi th y c a ngun tip nhn nc trong khu vc. Chng khng nhng lm cht cc loi th y sinh m c n lm mt kh nng t lm sch c a ngun nc. h hu nhi m khng kh c kh nng tc ng xu n vi kh hu, gy ma acid, suy gim tng ozon, gy hiu ng nh knh. 2) i tng kinh t Thu ht u t kinh doanh, gp phn tng trng pht trin kinh t c a khu vc. To s cnh tranh lnh mnh y mnh ngh nui trng th y sn a phng. Khi nh my hot ng c hiu qu s gp phn tng ngn sch a phng v c a t nh ni chung. Gp phn tng thu nhp cho ngi dn a phng nh: nhu cu nh tr, nhu cu i li, n ung c a ngi lao ng. 3) i tng vn h x hi + Tch c c: - To cng n vic lm n nh cho ngi lao ng a phng. - y mnh cng cuc cng nghip ha hin i ha c a a phng. + Tiu c c: - C th pht sinh t nn x hi: trm cp, - C th lm gia tng tai nn giao thng vo gi tan ca. - C th gy nh hng s c khe con ngi nu qun l, x l cc ngun gy nhi m khng t hiu qu. - Gnh nng v mi trng bi cc ngun gy nhi m c a nh my khi hot ng. 4) i tng t n gio t n ngng 5) i tng di t ch ch s

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

3.1.5 T

ng do cc ri ro, s c

3.1.5.1 Gi i on chu n b, san lp mt bng: 1) S c tai nn l o ng, tai nn giao thng - Tai nn giao thng c th xy ra khi cng nhn bng qua ng giao thng n cng trng, ri cng trng, dng tai nn ny cng c th xy ra ngay trn cng trng do cc phng tin thi cng v vn chuyn nguyn vt liu gy ra i vi cng nhn. - Cng vic lp rp, thi cng v qu trnh vn chuyn nguyn vt liu vi mt xe, ting n, rung cao c th gy ra cc tai nn lao ng,... - Do tnh bt cn trong lao ng, thiu trang b bo h lao ng, hoc do thiu th c tun th nghim ch nh v ni quy an ton lao ng c a cng nhn thi cng cng c th gy tai nn ng tic. 2) S c chy n S c chy n c th xy ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn v ch a nhin liu hoc do s thiu an ton v h thng cp in tm thi, gy nn cc thit hi v ngi v c a trong qu trnh thi cng. C th xc nh cc nguyn nhn c th nh sau: - Cc kho ch a nguyn nhin liu tm thi phc v cho my mc, thit b k thut trong qu trnh thi cng (sn, xng, du DO, ...) l cc ngun gy chy n . Khi s c xy ra c th gy ra thit hi nghim trng v ngi, vt cht v mi trng. - H thng cp in tm thi cho cc my mc, thit b thi cng c th gy ra s c git, chp, chy n gy thit hi v kinh t hay tai nn lao ng cho cng nhn 3.1.5.2 Gi i on thi cng xy dng 1) S c tai nn l o ng Nhn chung, s c tai nn lao ng c th xy ra bt ng trong nhiu tnh hung c a giai on thi cng xy dng d n. C th c tm tt mt s dng tai nn nh sau: Tai nn c th xy ra nu cng nhn khng thc hin tt qui nh v an ton lao ng khi lm vic vi cc my i, my o, xe bn trn b tng, xe lu, thit b bc d, my hn, my ng cc, my hn v cc loi vt liu xy dng cht ng cao c th ng , Cc tai nn lao ng t cc cng tc tip cn vi in nh cng tc thi cng lp t h thng in, va chm vo cc ng dy in d n ngang qua ng, ma bo lm t dy in, ng tr in Vic thi cng trong nhng ngy ma c kh nng d gy ti nn lao ng hn nh: t trn d gy trt ng i vi ngi lao ng v sp cc ng vt liu xy dng. Cc s c v in d xy ra hn, sp l t khi thi cng cc h mng - 47 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Nh vy nu cc r i ro v tai nn lao ng xy ra s gy nh hng rt ln n s c khe cng nh tnh mng c a cng nhn. V vy vn m bo an ton cho cng nhn tham gia xy dng cn c Ch d n c bit quan tm. 2) S c chy n My pht in tm thi cung cp in cho my mc thit b thi cng c th b s c qu ti hay ha hon gy thit hi v kinh t v tai nn lao ng cho cng nhn. Nhng bt cn khi thi cng vi my hn nhit cao cng l nguyn nhn c th d n n ha hon. ng thi nhng bt cn trong qu trnh nu nng ti ln tri hay nhng khu vc d bt la nh khu tp kt nguyn, nhin liu, du nht... cng c th gy ra chy, n nh hng n tnh mng, ti sn v mi trng chung c a khu vc. o ngn ng a s c ha hon, chy n ch d n phi ban hnh ni quy cht ch i vi cc quy nh khi s dng la v khi vn hnh my mc, thit b, c k hoch qun l v kim tra thng xuyn bo tr my mc thi cng v u tin s dng my mc hin i, tin tin hn ch cc s c v my c th xy ra. Nhn chung, s c chy n thng t khi xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng. Tuy nhin nu s c ny xy ra s nh hng rt ln n con ngi, ti sn v mi trng khu vc. 3) S c r r nguyn vt liu xy dng Cc ngun c kh nng r r gm bi tp kt nguyn nhin liu cho thi cng (t ,gch ct, xi mng), my mc (ha cht, dung mi, sn, xng, du DO, du FO...)...hay cc cng on gia nhit trong khi thi cng (un nha ng...). Nu khng qun l tt trong qu trnh xy dng nguyn vt liu rt d r r , tht thot ra mi trng t nh hng n mi trng t. Thi gian tc ng s chm d t khi giai on xy dng kt thc v mi trng t pha long, phc hi tr v nguyn trng ban u. Tuy nhin gim thiu, phng ng a nh hng c a s c r r ch u t s p dng bin php qun l ngun nguyn vt liu, vt t c a d n tt b ng cch che chn khi vn chuyn v tp kt vt t ti khu vc xy dng. 3.1.5.3 Gi i on hot ng 1) S c tai nn l o ng Nguyn nhn d n n tai nn lao ng l do cng nhn khng tun th nguyn tc an ton nh: - Bt cn khi vn hnh my mc, ngun in. - Khng c trang b bo h lao ng. - th c chp hnh ni quy khng tt. - My mc thit b c k, khng m bo an ton, gp s c hng hc, cc

- Trang phc khng gn gng, gy vng vu vo dy chuyn sn xut, my mc.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 2) S c chy n, r r: Trong qu trnh sn xut c th xy ra chy n do cc nguyn nhn: - Tch tr cc nguyn, nhin vt liu d bt la ti ni c ngun nhit pht sinh, gn la, in. - Khng tun th nghim ngt cc quy nh v cm la, phng chy cha chy. - Cc s c v thit b in, s c mi trng (st nh). - Tn tr cc loi rc, bao b giy, nilon trong khu vc c la hay nhit cao. - Lu tr nhin liu khng ng qui nh. - o np nhin liu qu m c gy chy trn v do hng hc cc thit b ph tr. S c chy n khng nhng h y hoi ti sn, thit b, gy nguy him n s c khe v tnh mng c a con ngi m cn c kh nng ph h y mi trng t nhin. Chy n c th gy ra nhng s c khc hoc sn sinh ra nhng tc nhn gy nhi m ti cht lng t, nc v cht lng khng kh nh: sn phm chy trn, CO2, SO2 , NO2, bi Nhng s c chy ln c kh nng sinh ra lng cht nhi m ln. Cc kh SO2, NO2 khi b oxy ha trong khng kh, kt hp vi nc ma to nn ma axt gy nh hng n s pht trin c a thm thc vt. Sn phm chy trn, nc ch a ha cht c th ngm xung t gy nhi m nc ngm hoc chy trn xung sng lm nhi m nc mt, gy nh hng n mi trng sng c a cc loi th y sinh.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

3.2 Nhn xt v mc chi tit, tin cy c cc nh gi

n c vo m c pht sinh tc ng c a qu trnh thi cng cng nh qu trnh hot ng sn xut c a Nh my. n c vo quy trnh sn xut, nguyn vt liu v my mc thit b s dng trong qu trnh hot ng c a Nh my. n c vo mt s ti liu c lin quan v phng php nh gi s dng. th nhn xt m c chi tit v tin cy c a cc nh gi nh sau: - Phn tch nh gi tc ng da vo cc phng php c p dng rng ri v mang hiu qu cao nh: So snh, nh gi nhanh, Thng k, - Cc ngun s liu, d liu d ng trong qu trnh nh gi c nghin c u bi nhiu chuyn gia v lnh vc mi trng c a Vit Nam. - Mc tiu v kt qu phn tch nh gi lun da vo cc qui nh, quy chun c a B Ti nguyn v Mi trng ni ring, c a Php lut Vit Nam ni chung. - K thut nh gi nhanh v nhi m mi trng c a T ch c Y t th gii l ngun ti liu ng tin cy c s dng rng ri. - S liu thc nghim c a cc nh my c tnh cht tng t l nhng s liu ng tin cy v chnh xc tng i cao. V vy, c th kt lun c r ng ni dung nh gi, phng php nh gi s dng c tnh thc ti n ng tin cy v c chnh xc cao.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 4: BI U V PH
4.1.1 T on

PH P PH G G , GI M THI U T C G G , G PH S C M I TR G

4.1 Bin php phng nga, gim thiu cc tc ng xu do d n gy ra i i on chun b

i trng khng kh 4.1.1.1 Hn ch tc ng i vi

1) Hn ch tc ng ca b i v t ct san lp Tin hnh san lp phn tn trn din tch d n chia nh my mc thi cng nh m khng tp trung gy nhi m mi trng ng thi y nhanh thi gian san lp. Tn dng ti a t o lm t p. Lp k hoch thi cng san lp hp l v tnh ton trc khi lng t o, p cn thit. Trn c s t sau khi c o ln s vn chuyn ngay n cc v tr cn p trnh lng ph, ri vi t p v trnh s pht tn bi, t san lp vo mi trng. Phun nc nhng khu vc thi cng t, san i mt b ng. Che chn bt nhng khu vc tp trung cng nhn nh ln tri m bo bi khng nh hng n s c khe cng nhn. Tin hnh san i t ct san lp ngay sau khi xung gim s khuch tn c a vt liu do tc ng c a gi. i vi vic lu tr vt liu Ch d n c tnh n hng gi v ngun nc mt c a khu vc hn ch s khuch tn bi. ng thi s dng bt che chn bi v ngn nc ma chy trn khng cun vo vt liu. Xe ti vn chuyn t ct san lp c ph bt kn v khng ri vi t ct xung ng. he chn kn cc xe vn chuyn t ct v cc x lan vn chuyn phc v san lp. Lp trm ra bnh xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu i ra t cng trng 4.1.1.2 Hn ch tc ng i vi i trng nc Lng nc thi sinh hot c a cng nhn trong giai on ny s c thu gom v x l b ng b t hoi tm thi c a d n, m bo khng nh hng n khu vc xung quanh. Xy dng mng rnh thot nc ma tm trong giai on ny, m bo nc ma chy trn trong khu vc c thu v thot tt, m bo khng xy ra ng, ngp ng, bi lng trong khu vc thi cng. S dng bt che chn nguyn vt liu nc ma khng cun theo bi bn gy nhi m mi trng nc.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.1.1.3 Ngun gy nhim cht thi rn 1) Xc b thc vt do pht quang chu n b mt bng Khi lng rc thi do pht quang chun b mt b ng Ch d n s thu gom ton b xc b cy ci pht quang v hp ng vi n v thu gom rc c a a phng thu gom v vn chuyn v bi chn lp rc mi ngy. 2) Cht thi rn sinh hot Cht thi rn pht sinh t sinh hot hng ngy c a cng nhn s c thi b vo nhng h thu gom rc tm thi v hp ng vi cng ty mi trng th c a a phng thu gom hng ngy. 3) Cht thi xy dng Lng cht thi xy dng trong giai on san lp ch yu l t o s c tn dng lm t p. Ngoi ra nhnh phn rc thi xy dng cn li nh gch vn, st thp... s c thu gom v 1 ch v hp ng vi cng ty mi trng th c a a phng thu gom v bi chn lp. 4) Cht thi nguy hi Trong giai on ny cht thi nguy hi khng ng k, tuy nhin nhng thnh phn rc thi c xem l c tnh cht nguy hi cho mi trng v s c khe nh thng ch a sn, gi lau dnh xng du do v sinh my mc thit b. Lng rc thi nguy hi s c ch u t thu gom vo th ng ch a rc thi nguy hi, lu gi ring v tp kt thu gom chung vi rc thi nguy hi c a giai on xy dng sau ny x l ng quy nh.

4.1.2 Trong gi i on xy dng

4.1.2.1 Ngun gy nhim khng kh Gim thiu bi v kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn, thit b thi cng: ng xng du t tiu chun v thc hin tt vic bo tr bo dng cho phng tin vn chuyn v my mc thit b thi cng. - p dng cc thit b thi cng tin tin. - Trnh vic hot ng cng mt lc nhiu phng tin vn chuyn, thit b thi cng. - Hn ch vic tp kt vt t vo c ng mt thi im. - Khi chuyn ch vt liu cc xe phi c ph kn trnh tnh trng ri vi nguyn vt liu ra ng. - Trang b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn trn cng trng. - Ti nc khun vin xy dng v khu vc bi u xe bc, d nguyn vt liu. - i vi cc cng nhn lm nhim v bc xp, vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v cng nhn xy dng (nh phi trn nguyn liu, qut vi, sn tng, hn ) trong khu vc ny cn eo khu trang v mt knh chng bi. - 52 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng - C kho ch a vt liu xy dng (xi mng, st thp) bo qun v hn ch pht tn bi. - c phng tin giao thng vn ti v cc my thi cng c gii phi s dng ng vi thit k c a ng c, khng hot ng qu cng sut thit k. - Xy dng ch chy xe ra vo khu vc cng trng phi hp l. - Che chn xung quanh khu vc xy dng d n nh m gim thiu m c tc ng c a bi, cc cht gy nhi m khng kh v ting n ra bn ngoi. - B tr hp l tuyn ng vn chuyn v i li. Kim tra cc phng tin thi cng nh m m bo cc thit b, my mc lun trong iu kin tt nht v mt k thut. - C gii php qun l, t ch c thi cng hp l nh m s dng hiu qu nhin liu, gim thiu lng kh thi pht sinh. - c phng tin vn chuyn khng ch qu trng ti quy nh; - Khng s dng cc thit b qu hn, khng c php lu hnh, s dng. - Thng xuyn kim tra, bo dng ng c c a cc phng tin, s dng nhin liu xng du c hm lng lu hunh thp, s dng nhin liu ng vi thit k c a ng c gim thiu nhi m. - c phng tin vn chuyn hn ch n my trong thi gian d ng ch bc d nguyn vt liu. - Quy nh tc xe, my mc khi hot ng trong khu vc ang thi cng. 4.1.2.2 Ngun gy nhi t - Gim thiu vic o p lm xo trn cc tng th nhng. - Khng cc cht nhi m nh du m, xng nht chy trn hoc thm vo t. - Thu gom nc thi v tp trung cht thi rn x l. - Vic x l nn mng phi thc hin theo ng yu cu k thut. 4.1.2.3 Ngun gy nhi nc 1) Hn ch tc ng c nc thi sinh hot v - Xy dng khu vc tm ra tch ring khu vc nh v sinh cho cng nhn, nc thi t tm ra c th thi thng ra cng. - Xy dng b t hoi tm thi hoc s dng cc nh v sinh lu ng. B t hoi tm thi s c lp li sau khi thi gian xy dng kt thc. 2) Hn ch tc ng ca nc chy trn Nc ma chy trn: c d n thot vo h thng thot ma chung c a Khu cng nghip ..

- 53 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.1.2.4 Hn ch tc ng do cht thi rn 1) Cht thi rn sinh hot Ton b rc sinh hot s c thu gom vo thng ch a rc sinh hot v c ch d n hp ng vi cng ty mi trng th ti a phng thu gom mi ngy v bi chn lp rc a phng. 2) Cht thi xy dng Rc thi xy dng trong giai on xy dng gm gch vn, x bn, nguyn vt liu xy dng ri vi, st vn, g ct pha, bao b xi mng... lng cht thi rn ny d c kim sot v thu gom tn dng li trong xy dng, lm cht t hoc bn ph liu. Ch d n cam kt khng cht thi rn xy dng tht thot vo ngun nc mt gy nhi m ngun nc. Cc loi ny c vn chuyn x l ng qui nh bi Cng ty c ch c nng. X bn phi c vn chuyn trong ngy, trnh n tc v tn ng trn cng trng lm ri vi v tc nghn d ng chy. 3) Cht thi nguy hi i vi cc bao b ng nguyn vt liu xy dng c th ti ch c nh bao xi mng, th ng ng sn n v xy dng s cho thu gom bn li cho cc c s ti ch, ti s dng. Ton b rc thi nguy hi s c ch u t thu gom vo th ng ch a rc thi nguy hi, lu gi ring v hp ng vi n v c ch c nng x l cht thi nguy hi x l ng quy nh. 4.1.2.5 Ngun gy nhim n: - S dng cc loi my mc thit b t gy n. - p dng bin php thi cng tin tin, c gii ha thao tc v rt ngn thi gian thi cng n m c ti a. - Thc hin bin php vy kn khu vc d n ang thi cng xy dng. - T ch c v b tr thi gian vn chuyn vt liu v vn chuyn x bn ra bn ngoi cng trnh mt cch hp l . - Thc hin k hoch thi cng hp l . - Trang b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn trn cng trng. - Tin hnh cc hot ng thi cng vo thi gian cho php. Trnh tnh trng hot ng trong thi gian ngh ngi. - Cc thit b my mc xy dng lun c kim tra k thut v s hot ng trong tnh trng tt nht t cc tiu chun v pht sinh ting n cho thit b xy dng. - Lp t chn chng n, rung cho cc my ng cc, my trn b tng, my m t. - 54 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.1.2.6 Ngun gy nhim nhit - Thc hin ch ngh ngi gia gi cho cng nhn lao ng. - Trang b bo h lao ng, nc ung thng xuyn cho cng nhn. - Ti cng trng xy dng phi trang b ln tri tm thi cho cng nhn ngh ngi. 4.1.2.7 Hn ch tc ng do r r nguyn vt liu gim thiu, phng ng a nh hng c a s c r r ch u t s p dng bin php qun l ngun nguyn vt liu, vt t c a d n tt b ng cch che chn khi vn chuyn v tp kt vt t ti khu vc xy dng. ng thi t ch c k hoch thi cng khoa hc hp l nh khng thc hin san lp, o p t trong m a ma v s dng vt t n u s mua n , hn ch mua vt liu, vt t xy dng nhiu tp kt d gy r r , tht thot ra mi trng xung quanh. Thng xuyn nhc nh cng nhn trong cng tc bo qun nhin vt liu.

4.1.3 T on

i i on vn hnh
y pht in d phng

4.1.3.1 Ngun gy nhim khng kh 1) Hn ch tc ng b i, kh thi c My pht in ch s dng trong trng hp mt in, lng kh thi pht sinh khng ng k.. Mt khc ngun gy nhi m ny ch mang tnh cht tm thi, khng thng xuyn. V vy nh my s khng cn thc hin cc bin php x l lng kh thi ny. Tuy nhin, nh my s thc hin cc bin php hn ch tc ng c a my pht in. Cc bin php bao gm:

cc hng tiu m nh m tiu m cho my, hn ch c ting n i vi mi trng xung quanh.

- Lp t h thng ng ht kh thi, khi bi cho my pht in. - My pht in cn c t trong ph ng cch m, trn cao su dy, trang b

- Thng xuyn kim tra lng du bi trn v xng du trong my. - Khng my pht in hot ng qu ti. - Trng cy xanh xung quanh khu vc t my pht in, hn ch ting n v
kh thi nh hng n khu ngh dng v vng xung quanh. 2) Mi: Kim sot mi t h thng x l nc thi, thng xuyn kim tra v bo qun h thng phn phi kh v sc kh cc b iu h a ., phun nc ch a ha cht x l. 3) Hn ch tc ng ca b i, kh thi hot ng giao thng C bin php tuyn truyn cng nhn vin s dng cc phng tin t gy nhi m, kim tra, bo dng thng xuyn cc phng tin giao thng. Ti khu vc bi u xe, cn lp t thit b thng gi trong khu vc nh xe. - 55 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4) Hn ch tc ng ca kh thi hi

Thp hp ph

Dung dch hp ph

My th i kh

Kh thi t l hi

B lm mt

B tn nhit

B dung dch hp ph

Hnh 4.1: Quy trnh cng ngh x

kh thi.

- 56 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh Kh thi sinh ra t l hi c nhit rt cao c sc vo trong b tn nhit kn ch a nc lnh gim nhit . ng kh mang theo nhit cao lm cho nc trong b nng ln. Nc nng trong b tn nhit i theo ng d n c lu thng vi b lm mt. My th i kh cung cp kh ti cho h thng ng ng sc kh di y c a b lm mt, kt qu nc trong b ny c lm mt v tun hon tr li b tn nhit theo d ng i lu. Nhit d ng kh thi ti b tn nhit c gim xung ng k, d ng kh ny i ln t y b s theo ng ng d n kh i n thp gii nhit. Ti y c b tr h thng gin phun ma c ng vi hai lp vt liu lc vi cc vch ngn trn. ung dch hp ph c bm t b ch a dung dch theo ng d n n gin phun ma. ung dch phn b u trn ton b tit din ngang c a 2 lp vt liu lc lm tng kh nng tip xc gia d ng kh v dung dch. Kh SO2 s tc dng vi dung dch hp ph theo phng trnh phn ng sau: SO2 + H2O -> H2SO3 H2SO3 + Ca(OH)2 -> CaSO3.2H2O CaSO3.2H2O + 1/2O2 -> CaSO4.2H2O c cht rn aSOx c lng nh h thng lng trung tm c t trong b ch a dung dch. n lng c bm vo b ch a b n v em i x l , dung dch hp ph c bm tun hon tr li thp. Kh SO2 chuyn ng vi vn tc cao 5,5 6 m/s ha trn vi cht lng c th mang theo cc ht sng. Mng tch nc c t tng trn cng c a thp c ch c nng gi li cc ht sng b mang theo c ng d ng kh i ln. Ngoi ra mng ny cng c nhim v hp ph lng kh thi cn st li 2 lp vt liu lc bn di. Kh i ln t QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT, ct B.

- 57 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.1.3.2 Ngun gy nhi nc

1) Hn ch tc ng c nc

Nc ma chy qua khu vc nh my cun theo cc thnh phn bi, t ct, rc. Tuy nhin cc cht nhi m trong nc ma u khng ng k. o nc ma c quy c l sch.

-Lng nc ma ny c thu gom b ng h thng cng thot nc ma. H

thng ny gm c: cc cng thot nc v cc h ga lng ct, song chn rc.

-Nc ma chy qua mt b ng c a nh my c thu gom b ng cc cng, qua

cc song chn rc v cc h ga lng thu gom rc thi v lng bi, t ct c trong nc ma trc khi d n ra ngun tip nhn. S thot nc ma nh sau:

Nc ma chy trn

Cng chung thot nc ma ring

Song chn rc, h ga

Ra ngun tip nhn

Hnh 4.2: S thot nc

Nhn chung phng n thot nc ma c a nh my c th trnh c hin tng nc chy trn trn b mt cun theo cc cht bn gy nhi m ngun nc. 2) Hn ch tc ng c nc thi sinh hot Nc thi sau khi phc v cc mc ch sinh hot c a cng nhn, cn b, lm vic ti nh my. Nc thi sinh hot, nc thi t nh v sinh c x l s b ti h thng b t hoi v c thot vo h thng thot nc thi ring d n v trm x l tp trung. Nc thi sau khi c x l ti trm x l nc thi t quy chun QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT (ct B). 3) Hn ch tc ng c nc thi sn xut: Qtbngy = 200 m3/ngy. Qtb gi = 200/24 = 8,33 m3/gi Qmax ngy = Qtbngy x 1,2 = 240 m3/ngy. Qmax gi = 10 m3/gi. Trong : k =1,2: h s khng iu h a lu lng. Nh my s xy dng h thng x l nc thi c cng sut 240 m3/ngy. Nng cc cht nhi m trong nc thi sn xut ng sau khi thi ra ngun tip nhn c xc nh da vo quy chun k thut Quc gia QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT. - 58 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Nc thi Quy trnh cng ngh x l : Song chn rc

B lng ct

Sn phi ct

Hm tip nhn

X l nh k

Cp kh

B iu ha

Ha cht

B trung gian

B UASB

Cp kh

B Aerotank

B lng

B ch a bn

B lc p lc

X l nh k

B trung gian

Ha cht

B kh trng

Ngun tip nhn QCVN 24:2009/BTNMT Hnh 4.3: Quy trnh c ng ngh x - 59 nc thi sn xut ng.

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Thuyt minh quy trnh: Nc thi sn xut c d n theo ng thot nc ring ra h thng x l nc thi. Dng thi sau khi qua song chn rc loi b b ma, u mi cng thu chy qua b lng ct y gi li ct v cc cht rn l lng c kch thc ln m bo s hot ng n nh c a cc cng trnh x l tip theo. Nc thi sau khi lng ct s t chy qua hm tip nhn. Tip theo, nc thi c bm qua b iu h a. Ti y, lu lng v nng nc thi ra s c iu h a n nh. Trong b, h thng my khuy s trn u nh m n nh nng cc hp cht trong nc thi, gi tr pH s c iu ch nh n thng s ti u qu trnh x l sinh hc hot ng tt v nc tip tc chy qua b trung gian. Nc thi c bm t b trung gian vo b U S , cc hp cht hu c s c phn h y b ng b n vi sinh k kh. Kh sinh hc c thu gom u ra c a b U S gi li lm biogas , phn nc c gim bt ti lng cht hu c t chy qua aerotank x l hiu kh . Ti y, kh c th i vo b b ng cc a phn phi kh nh m tng cng s xo trn cht bn v cung cp oxy cho vi sinh vt hiu kh, ng thi gi cho b n trng thi l lng. Lng vi sinh vt hiu kh s c b sung b ng cch tun hon b n t b lng. Nc thi sau khi c x l hiu kh t aerotank c d n vo b lng. n hot tnh lng xung y b di tc dng c a trng lc, mt phn b n c tun hon li b aerotank, phn c n li s c bm vo b ch a b n v em i x l .Tip theo, nc trong t mng thu nc aerotank c bm qua b lc p lc v b trung gian ri kh tr ng v x ra ngun tip nhn. - Nc ngng t l hi khng b nhi m bn nn d ng pha long vi nc thi qua x l v thi ra ngun tip nhn.

- 60 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.1.3.3 Ngun gy nhim cht thi rn 1) Cht thi sinh hot: - i vi cc lon hp, bao b nilon s c thu gom bn cho c s thu gom ph liu; - Cc loi rc l rau, thc phm s c thu gom v k hp ng x l vi n v c ch c nng. 2) Cht thi nguy hi: - ng k ch ngun thi cht thi nguy hi vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng; - Thu gom, phn loi v lu tr ring bit t ng loi cht thi nguy hi theo ng danh mc ng k . - K hp ng thu gom, x l cht thi nguy hi vi n v c ch c nng c cp php hnh ngh ph hp vi loi cht thi c a d n 3) Cht thi rn sn xut: Cht thi rn sn xut c a nh my ch yu l b ma, rc thi trong qu trnh ng bao, bn t h thng x l nc thi, c tp trung trong khu ring bit v c phn loi s c bn cho cc c s thu mua ph liu, cc loi cn li s c k hp ng x l vi n v c ch c nng. 4.1.3.4 Ngun gy nhim ting n - ng nhn c trang b y cc phng tin trnh n (nh nt bt tai, m, qun o bo h ). - C k hoch kim tra v theo di cht ch vic s dng cc phng tin bo h lao ng thng xuyn c a cng nhn. - hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc c a ting n, rung pht sinh t qu trnh hot ng c a cc nh xng, m bo iu kin lm vic v s c khe cng nhn lao ng cng nh hn ch cc nh hng n khu vc ln cn. - S dng thit b my mc t chun, k thut sn xut hin i gip gim thiu ting n ti ngun. 4.1.3.5 Ngun gy nhim nhit - Xy dng nh xng theo ng quy nh nh cng nghip, s dng vt liu chng nng, m bo thng thong cn thit. - Trn mi nh my trang b cc qu cu thng gi vi mt t 8m2 10m2 mt qu cu. ng thi trang b thm cc qut cng nghip cc b v qut thng gi ti cc nh xng nh m tng cng kh nng thng gi, lm gim nhit v m trong xng sn xut. - Thng xuyn kim tra, bo tr cc loi my mc, thit b sn xut; - Cch ly ngun sinh nhit nh my nn kh, my pht in ra khu vc ring trnh nhit lan truyn lm tng nhit trong xng sn xut; - Trang b trang thit b bo h lao ng ng thi gim st vic s dng cc dng c bo h trong qu trnh lm vic; - Trng cy xanh vi din tch t 15-20% din tch d n gp phn iu ha khng kh, ci thin cc iu kin vi kh hu trong khun vin d n. - 61 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

4.2 Bin php phng nga, ng ph i vi cc ri ro, s c 4.2.1 Bin php phng nga, n p i vi cc ri ro, s c i i on chun b, san lp mt bng v xy dng
4.2.1.1 Bin php phng nga s c r r v chy n S c r r nguyn nhin liu: Trong giai on thi cng, d n s c nh bi tp kt cc loi nhin liu tm thi phc v cho hot ng c a cc loi my mc, thit b hoc cc loi nguyn vt liu phc v cho qu trnh xy dng. Cng vic ny c th xy ra s c r r cc loi nhin liu. V vy ch d n s thc hin cc bin php ngn ng a nh sau: - D n s hn ch vic lu tr nhin liu trn cng trng. - Thng xuyn nhc nh cng nhn trong cng tc bo qun nguyn nhin vt liu. - Thng xuyn kim tra khu vc ch a nguyn nhin liu, pht hin kp thi cc s c r r nguyn nhin liu thc hin cc bin php khc phc kp thi. S c chy n: phng ng a s c chy n trong giai on xy dng d n ch u t s tun th cc ni dung sau: - Tun th cc quy nh v an ton lao ng khi t ch c thi cng, b tr my mc thit b hp l . - Thng xuyn kim tra h thng dy in, cc mch ni, nh m kp thi pht hin cc s c chp mch c th d n n chy n . - Cch ly khu vc nu nng trn cng trng, trnh xa khu vc tp trung cc vt liu d bt la - B tr bng cm la ti bi tp kt nguyn nhin vt liu tm thi v b tr bt che ph . Trang b bnh bt cha chy ti bi tp kt nguyn nhin vt liu, ln tri v my pht in. - Thng xuyn nhc nh cng nhn trong cng tc phng chng chy n .

- 62 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 4.2.1.2 Tai nn o ng

Tun th cc quy nh v an ton lao ng khi lp n t ch c thi cng, vn b tr my mc thit b, bin php phng ng a tai nn in, th t b tr cc kho, bi, nguyn vt liu, ln tri tm, vn chng st, PCCC.

- B tr hp l tuyn ng vn chuyn c a xe ti. - Che chn nhng khu vc pht sinh bi v ti nc gim bi. - Quy nh ni rc, trnh phng u, v t rc sinh hot b a bi gy nhi m
mi trng do lng cng nhn xy dng thi ra.

- ra cc ni quy trn cng trng vi nhng quy nh c th, bo m an

ton cho cng nhn.

- Trang b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn trn cng trng. Thi cng xy dng, lp gin gio, thit b trn cao s c trang b dy neo
mc an ton cho cng nhn.

Trang b khu trang, knh bo v mt cho cc cng nhn lm vic ti khu

vc c nhiu bi v kh thi.

Trang b cc loi qun o bo h, dy ng. Trang b cc loi nt chng n cho cng nhn lao ng ti khu vc pht
sinh ting n cao.

- 63 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

4.2.2 Bin php phng nga, n p i vi cc ri ro, s c i i on vn hnh

4.2.2.1 S c r r nhin liu hn ch ti a s c r r xy ra, ch d n s s dng cc loi nhin liu, ha cht c a cc hng c uy tn, c thng hiu trn th trng Vit Nam. ng thi thng xuyn kim tra cc phng tin, khu vc lu ch a, kp thi c cc bin php ng c u s c. Khng mua d tr nhiu du O chy my pht in m ch mua trc dng cho 1 ln chy my d phng. Ch a du O trong th ng phuy y kn v t cch ly trong trm k thut. Xy dng v tr lu tr nhin liu n m bn ngoi cc phn khu ch c nng khc, hoc cch xa khu vc bt la ti thiu l 3m v phi cch xa cht d chy 10m; V tr lu tr m bo khong cch cho xe thu gom cng nh xe cha chy ra vo d dng; Kho ch a c ca thot him, thng gi tt, sn khng thm cht lng; Cc dng c ch a cc cht thi nguy hi phi y np khng cho r r ra bn ngoi; 4.2.2.2 Phng chng chy n Thc hin nghim ch nh cc tiu chun quy phm, quy nh v phng chng chy n trong qu trnh hot ng. Cc nhn vin khu ngh dng c tp hun, hng d n cc phng php phng chng chy n . Thng xuyn kim tra, gim st cc khu vc ch a nhin liu, khu ch a ha cht nh m trnh hin tng r r nguyn nhin liu, gy chy n . u t cc thit b PCCC ti cc khu vc. B tr ng ng d n nc cha chy theo mng li ti tt c cc khu vc chnh, t cc hng c u ha ti cc im gn cc khu ch c nng thun tin cho vic cha chy. Ti cc khu vc trong nh my u c trang b nhng bnh cha chy cm tay c kim tra nh k nh m m bo kh nng dp tt nhng m chy xy ra ti t ng khu vc.

- 64 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 5: CH G TR H QU
5.1 Chng trnh qun i trng

V GI M S T M I TR
i trng.

Bng 5.1: T ng hp chng trnh qun Cc giai on ca d n Cc hot ng ca d n Cc tc ng mi trng Cc cng trnh, bin php bo v mi trng 4 Ch pht quang cy bi, cy tp cho phn t cn xy dng. -

Kinh ph thc Thi Trch nhim t Trch nhim hin cc cng gian chc thc hin gim st trnh, bin thc php bo v hin v i trng hon thnh 5 6 1 thng Cng ty 7 .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

2 Pht quang bi c chun b mt b ng, tho d cc cng trnh hin hu o mng cng trnh, p t cng trnh v san lp mt b ng

3 H sinh thi khu vc d n

Chun b, san lp mt b ng

Mi trng t, h sinh thi, khng kh v a hnh khu vc

San lp nng theo a hnh t nhin c a khu t

4.200.500.000 1 thng Cng ty

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

- 65 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Nc thi sinh hot c a cng nhn Nc ma chy trn Khu vc B t hoi xung tm thi quanh d n Mng thot nc tm thi 15.000.000 7 ngy Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 1 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 1 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Cng nhn pht sinh rc thi sinh hot

Mi trng t, khng kh

Quy nh 30.000 ni b rc, VN/thng trang b th ng ng rc, thu gom v vn chuyn v bi rc a phng mi ngy. Thu gom, 50.000 tn dng VN/thng hay bn ph liu. Thu gom, giao cho n v ch c nng x 100.000 VN/thng

Rc thi xy dng

Mi trng t, khng kh Mi trng t,

1 thng Cng ty

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Rc thi nguy hi

1 thng Cng ty

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT

- 66 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng khng kh l. Thu gom v x l chung vi rc thi nguy hi c a giai on xy dng Ting n my mc thi cng v my pht in Mi Trang b trng trang thit b khng kh bo h lao ng nt tai chng n, khu trang, m bo h Quy nh ni quy an ton thi cng rung v nhit pht sinh t my mc, thit b Mi Trang b trng trang thit b khng kh bo h lao ng nt tai chng n, khu trang, m bo h - 67 1 thng Cng ty . S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 1 thng Cng ty .. huyn

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Quy nh ni quy an ton thi cng S c, r i ro (ha hon, tai nn lao ng) S c khe cng nhn v ti sn d n Quy nh cc bin php an ton lao ng. m bo s chp hnh nghim ch nh cc bin php an ton lao ng c a cn b qun l v cng nhn thi cng. Tun th qui nh v trang b y thit b PCCC Xy dng Bi, kh Mi Ti nc thi, ting trng b mt t n, rung do khng kh gim bi 4 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT - 68 1 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng my mc thi cng thi ra v s c khe cng nhn (2 ln/ngy). Dng xe mi v khng ch nguyn vt liu qu y, khi chuyn ch nguyn vt liu dng tm bt che ph . Tc xe chy khng qu 20 km/h. Kho bi vt liu tm thi v khu vc trn b tng b tr cui hng gi. Nhc nh cng nhn thi cng xy dng mang dng c bo h lao ng khu trang, mt n bo v mt (my - 69 huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng hn), m bo h v nt tai chng n. Thi gian hot ng my mc thit b t 8h n 17h. Bi, kh Mi Lp t thi do my trng chn pht in khng kh my pht in, b tr trong nh kn v cch xa khu vc ln tri. Bi, kh Mi thi do vn trng chuyn khng kh nguyn vt liu Xe chuyn ch nguyn vt liu phi c bt che ph , khng ch qu y, qu ti. m bo s lt xe vn chuyn ti a 2 chuyn/ng - 70 5.000.000 3 ngy Cng ty S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

4 thng Cng ty

.. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng y. Khi xe ra khi cng trng c ra sch bnh xe. Khng n my xe trong thi gian ch xp d nguyn vt liu. S dng du DO hm lng S thp 0,5 %. Thng xuyn kim tra v bo tr cc phng tin vn chuyn. S dng xe ti hin i v ng kim xe - 71 -

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng trc khi s dng. Kim sot tc c a cc loi xe chuyn ch khi i qua khu dn c trong th trn An Thi khng vt qu 20 km/h. Nc thi sinh hot c a cng nhn Khu vc d n v ln cn. B t hoi tm thi (dng chung vi giai on chun b, san lp mt b ng) 4 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Rc thi sinh hot c a cng nhn

Mi trng t

Quy nh 30.000 ni b rc, VN/thng trang b th ng ng rc, thu gom v vn chuyn v bi rc a phng mi - 72 -

4 thng Cng ty

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng ngy. Rc thi nguy hi Mi trng t Thu gom rc 100.000 vo thng VN/thng ch a, lu gi ring v hp ng vi n v c ch c nng x l ng quy nh. Hp ng vi cng ty xi mng Holcim thu gom, x l cht thi nguy hi. Rc thi xy dng Mi trng t, khng kh Thu gom, 50.000 tn dng VN/thng hay bn ph liu. Mng thot nc tm thi 4 thng Cng ty . S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 4 thng Cng ty . S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn - 73 4 thng Cng ty S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Nc ma chy trn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng R r nguyn, nhin vt liu Mi Che chn trng khi vn t, nc chuyn v tp kt vt t. Thng xuyn nhc nh cng nhn trong cng tc bo qun nhin vt liu. B tr khu bi tp kt vt liu cch xa ngun nc mt. S c, r i ro (ha hon, tai nn lao ng) S c khe cng nhn v ti sn d n Quy nh cc bin php an ton lao ng. m bo s chp hnh nghim ch nh cc - 74 4 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 4 thng Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng bin php an ton lao ng c a cn b qun l v cng nhn thi cng. Tun th cc quy nh PCCC Trang b y cc trang thit b PCCC Bi, kh thi hot ng giao thng Mi Khuyn trng khch nhn khng kh vin, cng nhn s dng cc phng tin t gy nhi m, kim tra, bo dng thng xuyn cc phng tin giao thng. 4 thng ng ty P u S TNMT t Ph Hng t nh Thnh Phng TNMT huyn

Hot ng

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Bi, kh thi c a my pht in d phng Mi hi ti cng rnh, h thng x l nc thi, khu tp kt rc tm thi Mi My pht trng in lp t khng kh chn , b tr trong nh kn. 50.000.000 3 ngy Cng ty .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn 4thng Cng ty . S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Mi Trng cy 86.000.000 trng xanh cch ly khng kh No vt, khi thng cng rnh 6 thng/ln Phun ch phm kh mi Thu gom v hp ng x l rc thi sinh hot h ng ngy

Nc thi sinh hot

Mi trng t v mi trng nc

Xy dng b t hoi

40.000.000

Hon thnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng

ng ty ..

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng Nc thi sn xut Mi trng t v mi trng nc u t h thng x l nc thi u t h thng thot nc thi 1.300.000.000 6 thng Cng ty (hon 1.000.000.000 thnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng) 4.430.000.000 Hon Cng ty thnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng 500.000.000 Hon Cng ty thnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng .. S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Nc ma chy trn

u t h thng thot nc ma

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Rc thi sinh hot

Mi trng t v khng kh

Phn loi rc ti ngun u t h thng thng ch a rc v thit b thu gom, lu tr rc Phn loi rc thi v mua thng

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Rc thi nguy hi

Mi trng t v

100.000.000

Hon thnh trc

Cng ty

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng khng kh ch a rc thi nguy hi chuyn dng Phng Mi chng chy trng n nc v t Lp t h thng PCCC hon thin cho nh my 200.000.000 khi d n i vo hot ng Hon Cng ty thnh trc khi d n i vo hot ng .. huyn

S TNMT t nh Phng TNMT huyn

Cng nhn vin Tp hun ti nh nh k ng my ph PCCC cho cng nhn vin B tr bng cm la v hng d n ni quy PCCC

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

5.2 Chng trnh gi 5.2.1 Gi

st

i trng
i trng khng kh

s t t on

i i on chun b san lp mt bng v xy dng

5.2.1.1 Gim st cht ng

Ch tiu: SO2, CO, NO2, bi l lng, tc gi, hng gi, n, rung. V tr gim st: Khu vc t my pht in

Quy chun so snh: Q VN 05:2009/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh; Q VN 26:2010/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n.

Tn sut: 6 thng/ln. i trng nc ngm

5.2.1.2 Gim st cht ng

- Ch tiu: pH, c ng, SS, DO, Cu, Fe, As, Hg, NH4-, t ng E.Coli, t ng Coliform. - V tr gim st: ti ging ngm khoan c a khu vc d n. - Quy chun so snh: Q VN 09:2008/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc ngm. - Tn sut: 6 thng/ln.

5.2.2 Gi

s t t on

i i on hot ng
i trng khng kh

5.2.2.1 Gim st cht ng

V tr gim st: Ti 03 v tr + 01 v tr ti khu vc t my pht in + 01 v tr ti h thng x l nc thi + 01 v tr khu vc l hi

Ch tiu: SO2, CO, CO2, NO2, CH4, H2S, NH3, bi l lng, tc gi, hng gi, n, rung.

Quy chun so snh: Q VN 05:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng khng kh xung quanh; Q VN 26:2010/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v ting n; Q VN 27:2010/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v rung ng.

Tn sut: 3 thng/ln.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng 5.2.2.2 Gim st cht ng mi trng nc ngm

V tr gim st: + 01 v tr ti ging ngm

Ch tiu: pH, c ng, SS, DO, Cu, Fe, As, Hg, NH4-, t ng E.Coli, t ng Coliform.
Quy chun so snh: Q VN 09:2008/ TNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v cht lng nc ngm.

Tn sut: 6 thng/ln. V tr gim st: u vo v u ra c a h thng x l nc thi Ch tiu: lu lng, pH, BOD5, COD, SS, DO, du m, t ng Coliform.

5.2.2.3 Gim st cht ng nc thi

Quy chun so snh: Q VN 24:2009/BTNMT Quy chun k thut quc gia v nc thi cng nghip, ct . Tn sut: 3 thng/ln.

5.2.3 Gi

s t

i t ng xung quanh
O, bi, nhit , m, tc gi, ting n.

Gim st mi trng khng kh xung quanh v cc yu t vi kh hu.

c ch tiu gim st: SO2, NO2,

V tr gim st: 2 im bn ngoi nh my (u v cui hng gi). Tn sut gim st: 6 thng/ln.
cht lng khng kh xung quanh.

Tiu chun so snh: Q VN 05:2009/ TNMT qui chun k thut Quc gia v

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

CH G 6: TH M V
6.1 kin ca y ban nhn dn cp x

G NG

6.2 kin c i din cng ng dn c 6.3 kin ca t chc chu tc ng trc tip bi D n 6.4 kin c c qu n ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng ca D n i trng

6.5 kin phn hi v cam kt ca ch d n i vi cc xut, kin ngh, yu cu c cc c qu n, t chc c tham vn

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

T U ,
1. T U

GH V C M

Da vo cng ngh sn xut, tnh cht, thnh phn c a nguyn vt liu, ph liu, nhin liu cng nh tt c cc loi my mc, thit b dng trong qu trnh sn xut, Ch u t nhn thy: - M c , qui m c a nhng tc ng nu da trn cc d n hot ng c tnh cht tng t nh c a d n nn kh thi v ng tin cy; - Ch u t nhn dng v nh gi c hu ht nhng tc ng xu nh hng n mi trng da trn m c v qui m xc nh trc ; - Cc bin php gim thiu nhi m d kin thc hin c a ra trn c s ti liu nghin c u, thc nghim c tnh chnh xc cao v ng tin cy.

2. I

GH

Trong qu trnh trin khai thc hin d n, Ch u t s c th gp nhng kh khn cn s gip c a cc cp chnh quyn. o , h u t knh ngh cc c quan qun l v mi trng, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng, cc ban ngnh trong a phng gip chng ti trong qu trnh hot ng.

3. C M 3.1 C

T kt tun th cc qui chu n k thut Quc gi v i trng

Trong qu trnh hot ng, Ch u t cam kt thc hin cc bin php bo v mi trng nh m m bo x l cc ngun gy nhi m t cc qui chun sau: i vi cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh m bo t theo quy chun k thut Quc gia QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT. i vi nng ti a c a bi v cc cht v c trong kh thi cng nghip khi thi vo khng kh xung quanh m bo t quy chun k thut Quc gia QCVN 19:2009/BTNMT. i vi nc thi cng nghip Quc gia QCVN 24:2008/BTNMT. i vi nc thi sinh hot m bo x l t theo qui chun k thut Quc gia QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT. i vi mi trng v sinh lao ng bo m theo Quyt nh 3733/2002/QYT ngy 10 thng 10 nm 2002 c a B Y t. Lp th tc ng k ch ngun thi theo Thng t 12/2006/TT- TNMT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2006.

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Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng Nh my sn xut ng

3.2 C

kt thc hin cc bin php, gii php bo v

i trng

Gi i on xy dng n thi i Ch u t cam kt: Gim thiu nhi m khng kh; Gim thiu nhi m nc thi; Gim thiu nhi m cht thi rn; Gim thiu nhi m n; Gim thiu nhi m nhit;

trc khi d n i vo vn hnh

Vi cc bin php, gii php nh cp trong chng 4 Gi i on d n i vo vn hnh n khi kt thc d n Ch u t cam kt: Gim thiu nhi m khng kh; Gim thiu nhi m nc thi; Gim thiu nhi m cht thi rn; Gim thiu nhi m n; Gim thiu nhi m nhit;

3.3 C

kt qun

v ki

sot

nhi

i trng

Cng tc Qun l mi trng, kim sot nhi m mi trng v an ton lao ng s c u tin hng u trong sut qu trnh thi cng v trong qu trnh d n i vo hot ng. Ch u t cam kt thc hin nghim tc qu trnh gim st mi trng, m bo an ton lao ng v an ton giao thng; chu s kim tra v gim st c a c quan ch c nng v hot ng c a D n v mt mi trng theo Lut Bo v Mi trng. Ch u t cam kt phi hp vi cc c quan chuyn mn trong qu trnh thit k v thi cng cc h thng khng ch nhi m, bo v mi trng. Trong qu trnh hot ng, Ch u t cam kt s thc hin chng trnh qun l v kim sot nhi m mi trng khu cng nghip nh trnh by trong chng 5 v bo co nh k cho Cc Bo v mi trng, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng v Ban qun l cc khu cng nghip. Thc hin cc yu cu c a bo co v Quyt nh ph duyt trc khi a i vo hot ng. n

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