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Chng 3 - 4

Lp chng trnh gia cng


trn my tin v phay CNC

TS. H Th Thu Nga

Chng 2

LP CHNG TRNH GIA CNG TRN


MY TIN CNC (h Fanuc)

Cc trc trn my tin


- 2 trc (XZ), 3 trc (XZC)

- 4 trc : 2 bn dao c th lm vic ring r hoc ng thi


- my t hp tin phay: c th c n 5 trc

Bn dao

Mm cp

Code G thng dng:

G00: chy dao nhanh


G01: ni suy tuyn tnh vi long chy dao
G02, G03: ni suy vng trn
G40, G41, G42: hy b, b bn knh dao
G20, G21: la chn h n v
G50, G96, G97: tc ct max, tc ct khng i (m/min, vng/min)
G98, G99: tc chy dao mm/min, mm/vng (G94, G95 khi phay)
G90 - G94: chu trnh tin trn (chy dao dc, hoc hng knh)
G28: tr v im tham chiu
G53: xc nh im 0 ca my
G50 : xc nh im 0 ca chi tit
G52 : t HT cc b
G54 G59: thay i gc ta chi tit
G71 - G76: cc chu trnh tin
G32/G92: tin ren
G81 - G89: chu trinh gia cng l; G80: hy b chu trnh

Lnh cc chc nng ph

M00 stop chng trnh


M01 stop trc chnh (ty chn)
M03 trc chnh quay theo chiu kim ng h
M04 trc chnh quay ngc chiu kim ng h
M05 stop trc chnh
M06 thay dao
M08 ti dung dich trn ngui
M09 ngng ti dung dch trn ngui
M30 stop chng trnh, tr v u chng trnh
M41 khong s vng quay trc chnh thp
M42 khong s vng quay trc chnh cao
M98, M99: gi v kt thc chng trnh con

im gc ca my, im chun trn my tin

t h ta my
(lp chng trnh trong HT my)
(G90) G53 X_Z_; (ta tuyt i)

(one-shot)

dao chuyn ng nhanh n v tr XYZ

V tr dao

OM

Lm trng gc ta chi tit v gc ta chng trnh: G50


a) im OP (im 0) c t ti mt u mm cp
b) im 0 c t mt cui

HT chng
trnh

a)

b)

HT chi tit

HT chi
tit ti
mt u
cui

HT chng
trnh

t HT chi tit : G50 X_Z_;


thc cht l xc nh v tr ca dao so vi im 0 chi tit
- thay i HT chi tit : G54 G59

G50 DXi DZi;

V d xc nh im 0 chi tit
G50X128.7Z375.1;

G50X1200.0Z700.0;

im bt u (im
chun)

G54 X160 Z200; (t HT chi tit)


G50 X100 Z100; (to HT chi tit 1 X-Z bi vecto A)

G54: HT chi tit


Dao

HT chi tit mi
HT chi tit gc

A: gi tr offset c to bi lnh G50 X600.0 Z1200.0


B: gi tr offset im 0 chi tit (G54)
C: gi tr offset im 0 chi tit (G55)

G54

G55

t h ta cc b : G52 IP_

HT my (G53)

HT cc b (G52)
HT chi tit (G54-G59)

Tr v im tham chiu (im chun) G28

Lp chng trnh trong HT tuyt i tng i


(Ch : trong 1 dng lnh c th dng c ta tng i v tuyt i)
Chuyn ng t A B
G90X30.0Z70.0;
(ta tuyt i)

G91U30.0W40.0
(ta tng i,
dng k hiu U_W_)

Lp trnh theo ng knh hoc bn knh

A(30.0, 80.0), B(40.0, 60.0)


G62, G63
Hoc G07 (ty thuc vo nh ch to my)

A(15.0, 80.0), B(20.0, 60.0)

Cc chuyn ng ni suy

Khi tin vt mp C, v trn bn knh R (ty chn)


Chy dao t ZX : A : im bt u
G01 Z(w) BC (i) ; B : im cui
G01 Z(w) BC (r) ;
Chy dao t X Z :
G01 X(u) BC (k);
G01 X(u) BC (r);

(N2 X100 C3.0)

V d: ni suy vng trn khi tin

Hiu chnh v b dao (Tool offset)


-B dao c dng hiu chnh (b) s sai khc gia dao ang
s dng v dao chun (c xc lp trong chng trnh)
- 2 loi: b dao do sai s hnh hc + b dao do mn dao
Dao chun

Dao s dng
Offset theo trc
X (OFX)
Offset theo trc Z
(OFZ)

- B mn dao v b sai s hnh hc l ty chn

- Gi tr tng cng ca 2 loi trn c xc lp nh gi tr b mn dao


Gc chng trnh

Gc chng trnh
Dao chun

B hnh hc
theo X

Tng lng
b theo X

B mn theo X

Dao s dng
B hnh hc
theo Z

B mn theo Z

Tng lng b
theo Z

a)
Chnh lch b hnh hc
so vi b mn dao

b)
Khng c s chnh lch gia
b hnh hc v mn dao

Lnh b dao:
- Txxxx hoc TxxDxx
- lnh b dao hy b khi lnh T vi s ca b b dao l 0 hoc 00
N1 X50.0 Z100.0 T0202 ; (s ca b b dao 02)
N2 X200.0 ;
N3 X100.0 Z250.0 T0200 ; (s b dao 00 hy vecto offset)

(Bng tay: n nt reset trn


MDI unit)

Hnh trnh dao sau


khi b

Vecto offset
Qu o lp trnh

C 4 b hiu chnh dao tin:


- theo chiu di (Lx, Lz)
- theo bn knh dao
- mi mn dao
- hiu chnh hng dao
Lx, Lz : lng b theo trc X v Z (OFX, OFZ)
R = bn knh mi dao (999.999 mm)

Chi tit

Gi tr ca Lx, Lz : 9999.999 mm

OP

V d: Bng lng b dao trn my tin (FAGOR)


Lng b chiu di theo phng X = Lx+I
Lng b chiu di theo phng Z = Lz+ K
(I, K: gi tr mn mt sau dao theo phng X v Z)

Kiu: hng mi dao

V tr v hng ca mi dao tin

Qui c s v tr mi
dao l thuyt: 1 - 9

Gi tr b bn knh mi dao (G10)


- Gi tr lng hiu chnh dao c th do ngi cng

nhn a vo hoc lp trnh (t ng) bi t lnh G10

G10 P_ X _ Z _ R _ Q _; (tuyt i)
P : s ca b ghi b dao (1 64)
X, Z : lng b dao tuyt i theo hng X, Z
R : bn knh mi dao
Q : s v tr mi dao l thuyt (1 9)

G10 P_ U _ W _ C _ Q _; (tng i)
U, W : lng b tng i theo X, Z
C : lng thay i bn knh dao
X, Z, U, W c th c xc lp trong cng 1 block
(dng lnh)
Gi tr X, Z = t -999.999 n + 999.999 (mm), hoc
t -99.9999 n + 99.9999 (h in.)

Qui c v tr v hng ca mi
dao:

Lnh b dao t ng: G36, G37

Khi dao di chuyn ng n v tr o, h iu khin s t ng o


lng chnh lch gia ta v tr dao hin ti v gi tr ta v
tr o c lp trnh gi tr b dao
Khi dao c offset, n s chuyn ng ti v tr o vi gi tr
offset ny.
Nu h iu khin thy cn offset sau khi tinh ton s chnh lch
gia ta v tr o v ta c iu khin ( lp trnh), gi tr
offset hin ti s c offset tip
Khi di chuyn dao n v tr o, h ta cn c thit lp trc
(thng dng HT chng trnh)
T lnh: G36 X_ ; hoc G37 Z_;

G50 X760.0 Z1100.0; xc nh im 0 ca chi tit


S01 M03 T0101; chn dao s T1, s offset 1, tc vng
G36 X200.0 ;
chuyn ng n v tr o. Nu dao ti v tr o ti X198.0
(v tr o chnh xc l X200.0) th gi tr offset c thay
bi :198.0 200.0 = -2.0 mm
G00 X204.0;
li dao theo X
G37 Z800.0;
chuyn ng n v tr o theo Z, nu dao n ti v tr o
Z804.0 th gi tr offset s l: 804.0 800.0 = 4 mm
T0101;
gi tr offset mi c hiu lc khi lnh T c xc lp ln na
S ca dao
R
Op

V tr o
theo Z

V tr o
theo X

Gi tr offset trc khi o: X100.0Z0


Gi tr offset sau khi o: X98.0Z4.0

Bng o kch thc dao trang b trn my CNC


o dao ngoi

o dao trc tip trn my

B bn knh dao (G40, G41, G42)


G41: dao chuyn ng dc theo qu o lp trnh v bn tri
G42: dao chuyn ng dc theo qu o v bn phi
G40: hy lnh hiu chnh bn knh dao
G40, G41, G42 : modal
Qu o tm
mi dao
Qu o khng
b bn knh dao
Qu o lp
trnh, c b bn
knh dao

im dch chnh do bn knh


dao so vi qu o lp trnh
im tip xc vi G42
qu o nu lp
trnh vi G40

B bn knh dao bn
phi chi tit

Lnh b bn knh dao

G01

G01

Lnh b dao t
trc lnh chy
dao nhanh n v
tr bt u gia
cng.

B bn knh dao phi bt u trong cng block vi lnh G00 v G01

qu o lp trnh

G42

qu o lp trnh

Hy b lnh b bn
knh dao (G40):

V d : tin vi offset bn knh dao


N01 G42 G00 X60.0 ; (1)
N02 G01 X120.0 W150.0 F10 ; (2)
N03 G40 G00 X300.0 W150.0; (3)

Hng c ca dao

V d b bn knh dao
N10 G0 X100. Z120; (S)
N20 G0 X0. Z110; (1)
N30 M3 S2000;
N40 G42 Z100. T02 F3.0;
N50 G1 X20.;
N60 X30. Z91.34;
N70 Z75.;
N80 G02 X44.644 Z57.322 I25. F1.5;
N90 G01 X76. Z37.644 F3.0;
N100 Z20.;
N110 X80;
N120 Z0;
N130 G40 X90.;
N140 G0 X100. Z120.;
N150 M05 ;
N160 M02;

V d:
N10 G50 X100.0 Z200.0 T0101; (xc nh HT chi tit)
N20 G96 S120.0 M40 M4; (tc ct ko i, phm vi s vng quay thp)
N30 G0 G42 X45.0 Z90.0;
N40 G01 Z40.0 F200;
N50 G02 X55.0 Z30.0 I10.0 K0;

200

N60 G01 Z-3.0;


N70 G0 G40 X0 Z0 T0202;
N80 M6;
N90 G0 G41 X30.0 Z90.0;
N100 G1 Z-3.0; (tin l)
N110 G0 X25.0;
N120 Z90.0;
(Lp chng trnh theo bn knh)

100

Kh nng gia cng trn my tin

dao

Chi tit

V d 1 s chu trnh khi tin th

Cc chu trnh khi tin


Tin trn (G90)
G90 X _ Z _ R _ F _

(modal)

X, Z : ta im n
R : gi tr hng knh (chiu ln X)
ca ng nghing trong trng hp
tin mt cn (theo hng t im n
im bt u)
F : gi tr tc chy dao (mm/vng)
G90 U _ W _ R _ F_
U, W : ta im n (ta
tng i)

Tin trn mt tr, cn (G90)

(R) : Chy dao nhanh

Chu trnh tin mt tr ngoi

(R) : Chy dao nhanh

Chu trnh tin mt cn

Tin trn (chu trnh


n, fixed cycle)

Du ca cc gi tr xc lp trong chu trnh tin cn


Khi lp chng trnh vi ta tng i, du ca gi tr i sau a ch U, W
ph thuc vo hng ca qu o chy dao (bng sau):

V d G90

Tin ren (G92)

G92 X(U)_ Z(W) _R _ F _

X, Z : ta im n (tuyt i)
R : gi tr hng knh (chiu ln X)
ca ng nghing trong trng hp
tin mt cn (theo hng im n
im bt u)
F : tc chy dao (bc ren)
U, W: ta im n (tng i)
Du ca U, W, R ph thuc vo
hng chuyn ng ca dao theo cc
trc: hng + ca trc (+), hng
ca trc (-)

(modal)

Tin ren (G92)

R: chy dao nhanh


F: bc ren

Tin mt u (G94)

(R): chy dao nhanh


(F): tc chy dao

G94 X (U)_ Z (W)_ R _ F _

(modal)

(U, W: ta tng i. Du ca gi tr U, W, R ph thuc vo ng chy dao 1 v 2).

Du ca cc gi tr U, W, R

(R): chy dao nhanh


(F): chy dao ct

V d : tin mt u

G96 S180 M03;


T0100;
G00 X55.0 Z2.0 T0101;
G94 X15.0 Z-2.0 F0.2;
Z-4.0
Z-6.0
Z-8.0
G00 X200.0 Z200.0 T0100;
M30;

S dng cc chu trnh G90, G94


Dng phi
Dng phi

Dng chi tit

Dng chi tit

G90

G90

Dng phi
Dng phi
Dng chi tit

G94

Dng chi tit

G94

Chu trnh tin th dc trc (G71)


G71 U1 _ R _
;
G71 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W_ F_S_ T_;
U1 : chiu su ct theo hng knh
R : khong rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct
P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit
Q : No. block cui m t profile chi tit

Q s ca
block cui

U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X)


W : lng d gia cng tinh (hng Z)
F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh, dao
Ch : Profil chi tit c dng tng bc thang,
Chu trnh thc hin tin bn th bn tinh.

P s ca
block u

Chu trnh tin th tin dao hng knh (G72)

G72 U1 _ R _
;
G72 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W_ F_S_ T_;
U1 : chiu su ct theo phng dc trc (Z)
R : khong rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct
P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit
Q : No. block cui m t profile chi tit
U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X)

Q s ca
block cui

W : lng d gia cng tinh (hng Z)


F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh, dao
G71, G72, G73: cc lnh chuyn ng c
t gia No.block (P) v (Q)

P s ca
block u

Tin th theo bin dng (G73)


G73 U1_ W1_ R_;
G73 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W2_ F_;

U1, W1 : chiu su lp ct theo phng X, Z


R : s hnh trnh chy dao
P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit
Q : No. block cui m t profile chi tit
U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X)
W2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng Z)
F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh,
dao
(Profil chi tit phi tng dng bc thang)

Tin rnh mt u (G74)

G74 R(e);
G74 X(U) Z(W) P(i)_Q(k)_R(d)_F;

R(e): lng rt dao sau mi hnh trnh


X(U): chiu rng rnh
Z(W): chiu su rnh
P(i) : lng dch chuyn theo X sau mi
hnh trnh ct
Q(k): chiu su mi ln ct theo
phng Z
R(d): dch chuyn ti cui hnh trnh Z
F: lng chy dao

Tin rnh mt u (G74)


G74 R(e)__;
G74 X__(U)Z__(W)P__Q__R__F__;

R(e): khong rt dao


Z(w): chiu su l
P: lng dch chuyn theo X sau mi
hnh trnh ct
Q: chiu su mi ln n dao
(phng Z) (1000= 1mm)
R: lng rt dao sau mi hnh trnh
(theo phng Z)
F: lng chy dao

R
F

(R): chy dao nhanh


(F): chy dao ct
R(e)

V d tin rnh mt u: G74

G00 X20.0 Z1.0;


G74 R1.0 ;
G74 Z-10.0 Q3000 F0.1;
G00 X200.0 Z200.0;
M30;
Ch :
FANUC 0TC
Q3000=3mm
P10000=10mm

Khoan l gin on theo phng Z (G74)

G0 X0. Z80.;
M03 S2000;
G74 Z30. Q10. R3. F0.2;
M05 S0; (dng trc chnh)
M02; (dng chng trnh)

Tin hc, rnh (G75) theo phng X


G75 R(c);
G75 X(U) Z(W) P(i) Q(k) R(d) F_ ;

Tin hc rnh (G75)


G75 R(c);
G75 X(U) Z(W) P(i) Q(k) R(d) F_ ;

R(C) : khong rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct


X(U) Z(w) : ta rnh
Q(k): dch chuyn ct theo trc Z
P(i): dch chuyn ct theo phng X (theo bn
knh)
R(d): lng rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct
theo X
F: lng chy dao

V d: tin rnh G75


G97 S1000 M03;
G00 X90.0 Z1.0 T0101;
X82.0 Z-60.0;
G75 R1.0;
G75 X60.0 Z-20.0 P3000 Q20000 F0.1;
G00 X90.0;
X200.0 Z200.0 T0100;
M30;

Chu trnh tin tinh (G70)


Sau khi tin th bng cc lnh G71, G72, hoc G73 c
th tin tinh vi t lnh sau :

G70 P(ns) Q(nf)F_ ;


P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit
Q : No. block cui m t profile chi tit
Ch :

-F, S v T c hiu lc trong block G70 khi t gia (ns) v (nf)


- khi kt thc chu trnh gia cng vi lnh G70 th dng c tr v im
tham chiu (im bt u) v tip tc thc hin block tip theo
- khng th gi chng trnh con trong blocks gia (ns) v (nf) lin quan
n G70 thng qua G73

V d G71
TIN TH
NGOI
(chy dao
dc trc)

V d G72
TIN TH NGOI
(chy dao hng knh)

Lp trnh theo ng knh,


h met

Star
point

V d G73

40

N010: t im chun (bt u)


N011:chy dao nhanh n B
N012-013:chu trnh tin chp hnh
N014-019: profil gia cng
N020: tin tinh profil

Tin ren c bc khng i


G32 X_Z_F_;

X, Z : ta im cui ca ren
F : bc ren theo trc chnh (Z nu <45o, X nu > 45o)

Ch :
-G32 khng phi l chu
trnh (cycle)
- Tc quay trc chnh
khng thay i khi tin
th v tinh.

Ren thng

Bc ren
Khong cch
ng b Va v Vc

Ren cn

Ren mt u

V d:

G97 S800 M03 ;


G00 X90.0 Z5.0 T0101 ;
X22.026 ;
G32 X49.562 Z-71.5 F3.0 ;
G00 X90.0 Z5.0 ;
X21.052 ;
G32 X48.588 Z-71.5 ;
G00 X90.0 Z5.0 ;
X150.0 Z150.0 T0100 ;
M30 ;

Bc ren : 3mm
1 : 5mm
2 : 1.5mm
Chiu su ct : 1mm(2 ln chy dao)

Tin ren c bc thay i


G34 ip_F_K_;
IP_: ta im cui ca ren
F_: bc ren dc trc ti v tr u tin
K_: lng tng (gim) ca bc ren trn 1
vng quay
Bng gi tr ca K:

V d: gia cng ren c F = 8.0 mm/vng, K = 0.3 mm/vng :

G34 Z-72.0 F8.0 K0.3;

Ct ren nhiu u mi
G32 IP_ F_ Q_ ;
G32 IP_ Q_ ;
IP_: ta im cui
F_: bc ren
Q_: gc u mi ren u tin
V d: gia cng trc vit 2 u mi vi im bt
u mi ren 0o v 180o :

Cc lnh ct ren :
-G32: ct ren bc khng i
-G34: ct ren bc thay i
-G76: ct ren hn hp
-G92 : chu trnh ct ren

G00 X40.0 ;
G32 W38.0 F4.0 Q0 ;
G00 X72.0 ;
W38.0 ;
X40.0 ;
G32 W38.0 F4.0 Q180000;
G00 X72.0 ;
W38.0 ;

Tin ren cn
V d: tin ren c bc ren = 3.5 mm theo hng trc Z
1 = 2mm, 2 = 1mm, chiu su ct theo X = 1 mm (ct 2 ln)
Lp trnh theo ng knh, h n v quc t (metric)
N010 G00 X 12.0 Z72.0 ;
N020 G32 X 41.0 Z29.0 F3.5 ;
N030 G00 X 50.0 ;
N040 Z 72.0 ;
N050 X 10.0 ;
(ct ln 2, chiu su ct = 1mm)
N060 G32 X 39.0 Z29.0 ;
N070 G00 X 50.0 ;
N080 Z 72.0 ;

Chu trnh tin ren hn hp (G76)

Mi dao

Hnh trnh chuyn ng ca dao trong chu trnh tin ren hn hp


(hnh v : gia cng ren cn)

Chu trnh tin ren hn hp (G76)


G76P (m) (r) (a) Q (d min) R(d);
G76X (u) _ Z(W) _ R(i) P(k) Q(d) F(L);
m : s ln lp li gia cng tinh, gi tr t 0 99
(modal)

(V d: P021060: 2 ln chy dao, vt cui


ren=1.0, gc ren=60)

r : lng vt cui ren, r = 0.0L 9.9L vi lng


tng dn = 0.1L (L = bc ren)
a : gc mi dao (gc profil ren), c th chn cc
gi tr sau: 80, 60, 55, 30, 29, and 0
(m, r, a c xc nh bi a ch P)
dmin: chiu su ct nh nht (xc nh bi gi
tr bn knh dao
R(d): lng d ct tinh
i : chnh lch bn knh ren, i = 0: ren thng (tr)
K: chiu cao ren
d: chiu su ct ln chy dao u tin.

Mi dao

Ch :

Chu trnh gia cng c thc hin bi lnh G76 vi X(U) v Z(W) xc
nh
Ct ren 1 pha gim lc ct trn dao
Ct ren trong
Chn lng tin dao hng knh cho hnh trnh ct u tin d v
hnh ct th n : dn = const.
Tc tin dao hng knh c xc nh bi lnh F
Ct ren tng t lnh G32 v chu trnh ct ren G92
Du ca cc gi tr tng i (hnh v hnh trnh dao):

U, W < 0 (theo hng AC, CD)


Chy dao nhanh R< 0 (xc nh theo hng AC)
P, Q lun >0

V d tin ren hn hp G76

Gia cng ren chy dao kiu zic-zac : a ch P2


V d trc: G76 X60640 Z25000 K3680 D1800 F6.0 A60 P2;
Mi dao

Lng cho
php gc tinh

Chu trnh gia cng l trn my tin CNC

Ni chung chu trnh gia cng l


bao gm 6 bc tun t nh sau:
- nh v tr trc X(Z) v C
- chy dao nhanh n mc R
(Return)
- khoan l
- gia cng y l

Bc 1
Bc 2

Mc khi u
Bc 6

Mc im R
Bc 5
Bc 3

- rt dao nhanh v mc R
- chy dao nhanh n mc ban u
Bc 4

Chy dao nhanh


Chy dao ct

Bng cc lnh chu trnh gia cng l


Code G

Trc khoan

Bc gia cng l
(hng -)

Gia cng y
l

Bc rt
dao (hng
+)

p dng

80
81, 82

_____
Z

____
Chy dao

_____
Tm dng

_____

Hy b
Khoan,doa

83

Chy dao/dng

Tm dng

Chy dao
nhanh

Khoan l
su

84

Chy dao

Tm dng
quay CCW

Chy dao
ct

Taro ren
su

85

Chy dao

____

Chy dao
ct

Doa

87

Chy dao/dng

Tm dng

Chy dao
nhanh

khoan

88

Chy dao

Tm dng
quay CCW

Chy dao
ct

Taro ren

89

Chy dao

Tm dng

Chy dao
ct

Doa

Chy dao
nhanh

Cc trc xc nh v tr l v trc gia cng

Code G gia cng l s xc nh cc trc v tr v trc gia cng (bng di)


Trc C v trc X (hoc Z) c s dng nh cc trc v tr (xc nh ta
tm l)
Trc X hoc Z, khi khng c dng nh trc v tr, th c dng nh mt
trc gia cng (xc nh chiu su l)
Cc cp lnh G83 G87, G84-G88, G85-G89 c cng chc nng, ch khc
nhau cc trc v tr v trc gia cng l

Code G

V tr tm l

Trc gia cng

G83, G84, G85

Trc X, C

Trc Z

G87, G88, G89

Trc Z, C

Trc X

Tr v mc ban u - tr v mc R
G98 : rt dao t y l v mc ban u (thng dng cho
bc gia cng l ln cui)
G99 : rt dao t y l v mc R (thng dng cho bc gia
cng l u tin)
G98 (tr v mc ban u)

G99 (tr v mc R)

Mc ban u

Mc R

Lnh hy b chu trnh gia cng l

Dng t lnh G80, hoc dng t lnh G nhm 01:


G00 : chy dao nhanh ti v tr gia cng
G01 : ni suy tuyn tnh
G02 : ni suy vng trn, cng chiu kim ng h (CW)
G03 : ni suy vng trn, ngc chiu kim ng h (CCW)

Khoan - doa l thng (G81, G82)


Khoan: G81 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ F_L_ ;
Doa:

G82 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ F_P_L ;

X_, C_ : ta v tr l
Z_ hoc X_ : Khong cch t mc R n y l
R_: khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
Q_: Chiu su ct cho mi ln chy dao ct
P_: Thi gian dng ct ti y l
F_: lng chy dao
L_: s ln lp li (nu c)
Rt dao nhanh : G98 hoc G99

im u

Khoan l su, tc cao (G83, G87)


G83 hoc 87 (G98)
im u
Xc nh v tr (chy dao nhanh)
Chy dao ct (G01)
Chy dao bng tay

P1: dng li trong chng


trnh
P2: dng li
M: lnh M kp cht (kha)
trc C
M (+1): lnh M tho trc C
d: khong rt dao xc nh
theo tham s No.5114

G83 hoc G87 (G99)

G83 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_L;


Hoc:
G87 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_L ;

X_(hoc Z_), C_ : ta tm l
Z_ hoc X_ : Khong cch t mc R n y l
R_: khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
Q_: Chiu su ct cho mi ln chy dao ct
P_: Thi gian dng ct ti y l
F_: lng chy dao
M_: lnh M kha trc C (khi cn thit)
L_: s ln chy dao (nu cn thit)

Khoan l su gin on c b phoi


G83 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;
hoc:
G87 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;

P1: dng li theo chng


trnh
P2: dng li
M: lnh M kp cht (kha)
trc C
M (+1): lnh M tho trc C
d: khong rt dao xc nh
theo tham s No.5114

Mc ban u

V d

M51;
m trc C (ON)
M3 S2000 ;
quay trc mi khoan
G00 X50.0 C0.0 ;
xc nh v tr dao theo truc X v C
G83 Z40.0 R5.0 Q5000 F5.0 M31;
gia cng l 1
C90.0 M31;
quay 1 gc 90o , gia cng l 2
C180.0 M31;
quay 1 gc 180o , gia cng l 3
C270.0 M31;
quay 1 gc 270o , gia cng l 4
G80 M05;
hy b lnh khoan v dng trc quay dao
M50;
m trc C (OFF)

Chu trnh ta r ren phi (G84, G88)


G84 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;
G88 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;

X_ C_ hoc Z_ C_ : ta v tr l
Z_ hoc X_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
P_ : thi gian dng ti y l (s)
F_ : tc chy dao
K_ : s ln lp li (nu c)
M_ : code M kp cht trc C (ON) nu c
CCW: quay ngc chiu kim ng h (rt
dao)
CW: cng chiu (khi ct)

Mc
ban u
Quay
CW

Quay
CW

Chu trnh doa l su (G85, G89)


G85 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ P_ F_ K_ M_ ;
hoc:
G89 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ P_ F_ K_ M_ ;
X_ C_ hoc Z_ C_ : ta v tr l
Z_ hoc X_ : khong cch t mc R n
y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n
mc R
P_ : thi gian dng ti y l (s)
F_ : tc chy dao
K_ : s ln lp li (nu c)
M_ : code M kp cht trc C (ON) nu c
Sau khi xc nh v tr l, dao chy nhanh
n im R. Gia cng l n im Z, sau
chy dao v vi tc gp 2 ln tc
chy dao khi ct.

V d

Chng trnh gia cng chi tit:

N0010 G90 G20;


N0020 G40;
N0030 T0101;
N0040 G50 X6.0 Z 10.0; (t HT chi tit)
N0050 G96 S400 M03;
N0060 G00 G42 X1.3 Z0.1;
N0070 G71 P0080 Q0120 U0.03 W0.001
D0.04 F10.01; (tin th)
N0080 G00 X .55;
N0090 G01 X.75 Z-.1;
N0100 G01 Z-1.0;
N0110 G01 X1.0 Z-1.5;
N0120 G01 Z-1.625;
N0130 G02 X1.25 Z-1.75 I.125 K0;
N0140 G28;

N0150 T0202;
N0160 G00 G42 X1.3 Z.1;
N0170 G70 P080 Q0120 F10.008 ;(gc tinh)
N0180 G40 G00 X2.0 Z2.0;
N0190 G28;
N0200 T0303;
N0210 G92 X 6.0 Z10.0;
N0220 G96 S300 M03;
N0230 G00 X.75 Z.2;
N0240 G76 X.75 Z-.5 K0.053 D0.02
F10.065 A60; (tin ren)
N0250 G28 ;
N0260 T0404;
N0270 G92 X6.0 Z 10.0;
N0280 G96 S800 M03;
N0290 G00 X0 Z.2;
N0300 G74 X0 Z-.75 F10.01 K1.125; (khoan)
N0310 G28;
N0320 M30;

Chng 4

Lp chng trnh gia cng trn my


phay v trung tm gia cng
- Cc loi my phay:
- trc dao nm ngang, thng ng
- 2 trc , 3 trc (XYZ), 4 trc (XYZC), 5 trc, max 8 trc (XYZABCUV)
- qui c trc Z l trc mang dao, hng Z+ di xa chi tit

My phay CNC

5 trc
u dao
Tr
trt
Chi tit
Bn
mang
ct
Bng
my

Cc h ta trn my phay

HT chi tit
HT
tit
HTchi
my

im chun

Bn my

M: im 0 ca my
W: im 0 ca chi tit

Nhc li 1 s khi nim:


- Gc ta my (im 0) do nh ch to qui nh.
Trong qu trnh gia cng v tr ca dao phi c so snh vi im 0
ca my
(OM, cn gi l gc o Om) : (G90) G53
-Gc ta chi tit (Op): nm trn chi tit do ngi lp chng trnh
chn, xc nh HT ca phi trong HT my : (G90) G92
-Gc ta chng trnh (OP): c th c 1 vi OP xc nh v tr cc
b mt gia cng, do ngi lp trnh chn: (G90) G54 G59
- im tham chiu (R): im chun ca my dng gim st v iu
chnh v tr thc ca dao trong qua trnh gia cng so vi OM: G28

Tr v im tham chiu

(G90) G53 ip_; chy dao nhanh v im 0 ca my, ta tuyt i (G90),


nu dng G91 my s b qua G53, hy b cc lnh b dao khi a vo lnh G53.

(G90) G92 ip_ : xc nh h ta chi tit


G28 ip_: tr v v tr tham chiu (im chun, v tr thay dao)
G29 ip_ : tr v t v tr tham chiu (vd: sau khi thay dao)
G52 ip_ : xc lp h ta chng trnh cc b

Vd: G92 X25.2 Z23.0; (mi dao l


im bt u chng trnh)

G92 X600.0 Z1200.0; (im chun


l im bt u)
im chun R

V d: xc nh HT my (G53)

M: gc ta my

Gc ta
chi tit

Tr v v tr tham chiu (im chun) :


- G28: phi gi G91 dao i qua v tr trung gian trc khi tr v im
Z=0, sau goi li G90 tr v HT tuyt i. Lnh G28 hy b lnh
b dao
- G53 (non modal): c th dng a dao v im chun, trc
phi hy b lnh b dao (G49)

Chy dao nhanh v


im Z=0

Bn my

Chy dao nhanh v


im Z=0

Bn my

V d: t im 0 ca chi tit (G54 ip_)


Xc nh khong

cch t nh dao
(hoc im g t
dao) n gc ta
chi tit

Op

V d: G54 G59

CT5

1
2
3
4
5
6

X=
X=
X=
X=
X=
X=

CT3

100.000 Y = 100.000
100.000 Y = 500.000
500.000 Y = 100.000
500.000 Y = 500.000
900.000 Y = 100.000
900.000 Y = 500.000

CT1

CT6

CT6

CT4

CT2

..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........

G54
G55
G56
G57
G58
G59

V d G54-G59 (tip)

(chng trnh chnh)


G28X0Y0Z0;
N1 G90G54M98P100;
N2 G55M98P100;
N3 G57M98P100;
N4 G56M98P100;
N5 G58M98P100;
N6 G59M98P100;
N7 G28X0Y0Z0;
N8 M02;
%

O100; (chng trnh con)


N1G90G00G43X50.Y50.Z100.H10;
N2G01X200.F50; (phay mt phng)
Y200.;
X50.;
Y50.;
N3G28X0Y0Z0;
TxxM06; (khoan 4 l)
N4G98G81X125. Y75.Z150.R95.F40;
X175. Y125.;
X125. Y175.;
X75. Y125.;
G80;
N5G28X0Y0Z0;
Txx M06; (taro 4 l)
N6G98G84X125. Y5.Z150.R95.F40;
X175. Y125.;
X125. Y175.;
X75. Y125.;
G80;
M99;

V d kt hp HT chi tit HT cc b
[1] G28X0Y0
[2] G00G90G54X0Y0
[3] G52X500.Y500.
[4] M98P200
[5] G00G90G55X0Y0
[6] M98P200
[7] G00G90G54X0Y0
M02

(a) O200
(b) G00X0Y0
(c) G01X500.F100
(d) Y500.
(e) M99

HT chi tit

HT cc b

V d: G92

X Z: HT gc ca chi tit
X Z: HT mi (to bi G54, G55)
A: offset to bi G92 (G92 X600.0 Z1200.0)

G54 X200.0 Y160.0; HT X Y (mi)

B : gi tr offset trong lnh G54

G92 X100.0 Y100.0;

C : gi tr offset trong lnh G55

vec t offset A t ng c thit


lp (offset im 0 chi tit)
dao

X-Y: HT chi tit gc

G54: HT chi tit

G55: HT

t ta c cc (G15, G16)

Ta im n ca dao c th c vit dng c cc (ta tm+bn


knh)
Lnh t ta c cc
Ta c cc im n

G : chn mt phng ca ta c cc (G17, G18, G19)


G : G90, xc nh im 0 ca HT lm vic l gc ca HT c cc
G91: xc nh v tr hin ti ca dao l gc ca ta c cc
G15: hy b ta c cc

Bn
knh
gc

Gc tuyt i

Gc tng i

V d: gia cng 3 l trn vng trn


HT chi tit trng vi HT c cc, mt phng XY
Theo gc c cc tuyt i:
N1 G17 G90 G16 ; (chn mp XY, t im 0 chi tit = gc ta c cc, t ta c cc
N2 G81 X100.0 Y30.0 Z20.0 R5.0 F200.0 ; (xc nh khong cch 100 mm v gc 30
N3 Y150.0 ;(xc nh khong cch 100 mm v gc 150 )
N4 Y270.0 ; (xc nh khong cch 100 mm v gc 270 )
N5 G15 G80 ; (hy b lnh ta c cc v chu trnh khoan)
Theo gc c cc tng i:
N1 G17 G90 G16 ;
N2 G81 X100.0 Y30.0 Z20.0 R5.0 F200.0 ;
N3 G91 Y120.0;
N4 Y120.0;
N5 G15 G80;
(G81: chu trnh khoan,
G80: hy b chu trnh khoan)

Tc chy dao
G94 F_ ; (mm/min or inch/min)
G95 F_ ; (mm/vng, inch/vng)
G93 F_ ; nghch o thi gian (1/min) (FRN)

mm/vng

Modal,
nhm 05
mm/min

FRN = F/qung ng = 1/min


- Vd: kt thc ct trong 10 s: FRN = 1/10/60 = 6 F6.0
Thi gian chuyn ng ct F0.5 = 1/FRN=1/0.5 = 2 (min)
F
R
chy dao F = tc chy dao tip tuyn, lun i
- Lng
N
vi cc= lnh G01, G02, G03

dao
Chi tit
Bn my

G01 X100. Y100. F200 * (200.0 mm/min)


G01 X100. Y100. F123.4 (123.4 mm/min)
G01 X100. Y100. F56.789 (56.789
mm/min)
Ni suy tuyn tnh

Ni suy vng trn

* F200 = F200.0 = F200.

Tc quay dng tm thi

G96 S_; tc ct c nh (m/min), modal (S: 5 ch s max)


G97 S_; tc quay trc dao (vng/min), modal
G97 c tc dng hy b G96,
Gi lnh M03 (quay cng chiu kim ng h) hoc M04 (ngc chiu kim
ng h) trc lnh G96, G97
G96 P; tc khng i theo cc trc
P0 : t trc bng tham s (No. 3770)
P1 : trc X, P2 : Y, P3 : Z , P4 : trc th 4, P5 : trc 5, P6 : trc 6,
P7 : trc 7, P8 :trc 8
G92 S_; hn ch tc quay ln nht ca my (vng/min)
G04 P_; dng tm thi (thi gian, s)

Ta tuyt i, tng i
G90 X_Y_Z_; (ta tuyt i)
G91 X_Y_Z_; (ta tng i)

modal

Dao chuyn ng t im A n B :

Ta
im B

Ta im B

Chuyn ng ca
dao t A n B:

G90 G00 X2.25 Y1.25;


G91 G00 X5.25 Y2.25;

Chuyn ng ni suy ca dao


G01 : ni suy tuyn tnh
G02, G03 : ni suy vng trn

Modal, nhm 01

G00: chy dao nhanh


Dng c ct chuyn ng dc theo bin dng thng hoc cong ca chi
tit vi tc chy dao xc nh bi lnh F_

Dao

Chi tit

G01 X_Y_;

Chi tit

G03 X_Y_R_

Dao

Ni suy vng trn

im cui

Tm
cung trn
im
bt u

V d: ni suy vng trn khi phay

V d ni suy tuyn tnh G01

Ta tuyt i:

G90 G41 G01 X0. F12.


Y2.25
X1. Y3.25
X2.25
.........
Ta tng i:
G91 G41 G01 X0. F12.
Y2.25
X1. Y1.
X1.25
.........
X

Ni suy vng trong cc mt phng

X-Y

Z-X

Y-Z

B ng knh v chiu di dao


-Thng 1 vi dao c dng gia cng 1 chi tit, c chiu di khc nhau
- chiu di mi dao phi c o trc
- Hiu chnh dao:
- bn knh: G41(b dao bn tri chi tit) , G42 (b dao bn phi)
- chiu di dao: G43 (b cd dao dng), G44 (b cd dao m)
- Hy b lnh b dao: G40 (b bn knh), G49 (b chiu di)
Qu o dao khi b
Dao
tiu
chun

Profil chi tit


Chi tit
Chi tit

dao

Hiu chnh dao theo chiu di

G43: gi tr b chiu di dao ghi trong a ch H c cng thm vo gi tr


ta cui
G44: gi tr b chiu di dao ghi trong a ch H b tr ra t gi tr ta
cui
G43: gi tr b dao > 0 dao chuyn ng theo hng (+) ca trc, < 0 :
chuyn ng ngc li
G44: khi gi trj b dao > 0 chuyn ng theo hng (-) ca trc; khi <
0 ngc li
G43, G44 : modal, c hiu lc cho n khi xut hin lnh G trong cng
nhm hoc G49 hoc H0 (a ch H0 c ngha l gi tr b = 0)
V d: B b dao H1 cho gi tr b dao = 20.0; b b dao H2= 30.0
G90 G43 Z100.0 H1 ; dao c n v tr Z=120.0
G90 G44 Z100.0 H2 ; dao c n v tr Z=70.0

V d b dao theo hng dng G43:

Dao

Chi tit
Bn my

(Dao ngn hn dao chun gi tr b dao <0, v ngc li)

Tnh chiu di dng c so vi mu

(Chiu di dao mu)

Dng c o chiu di dao phay

V d: Hiu chnh chiu di dao


G44:b v pha di (hng Z-)
G43: b v pha trn (hng Z+)

Chng trnh NC

Z yu cu

H01 = 200

Lng b

G43 Z0 H01;

200

200+0

G01 Z-30.0 F500;

-30

170

200 +(-30)

Z-100.0;

-100

100

200 +(-100)

G49 Z0;

Z yu cu

H02 = -150

Lng b

G44 Z0 H02

150

-(-150) +0

G01 Z-30.0

-30

120

- (-150) + (-30)

Z-100.0

-100

50

-(-150) +(-100)

G54 G90 G00 X Y;

o chiu di dao t ng (ty chn)


G92 X_Y_Z_; (xc lp HT chi tit)
Hxx; xc nh s hiu ca b b dao
G90 G37 X_Y_Z;
(G37 l lnh non modal, ch c hiu lc trong block c lnh ny)
V d:
G92 Z760.0 X1100.0 ;(t HT chi tit tng
ng vi im 0 ca chng trnh)
G00 G90 X850.0 ;(dao chuyn ng n v tr
xc nh so vi v tr o)
H01 ;
(xc nh s ca b b dao)
G37 Z200.0 ; (dao chuyn ng n v tr o)
G00 Z204.0 ; (rt dao 1 khong nh theo trc Z)
V tr o
theo trc Z

B bn knh dao ti v tr gc (corner)


(X,Y, Z): ta tuyt i
(I,J, K): ta tng i
Hoc

Lnh ny ch c goi khi c lnh


G41 hoc G42

Vecto c

G41

Vecto mi

Qu o tm dao

Qu o lp trnh
Vecto mi

G42

Vecto c
Qu o tm dao

Qu o lp trnh

Chuyn i b dao tri qua b dao phi v ngc li

Qu o tm dao
Vecto c

Qu o lp trnh

Vecto
mi

Qu o lp trnh
Vecto
mi
Vecto
c
Qu o tm dao

Thay i gi tr b dao
- Sau khi hy b lnh b dao bng lnh G40
- Hoc khi cha c lnh hy b (G40) c th thay i gi tr b dao ch
bng lnh ni suy tuyn tnh:
G00 (G01) X_Y_H_; (H : s b b dao vi gi tr b dao mi)

qu o tm dao

im bt u

Qu o lp trnh

V d chng trnh b bn knh dao


N1 G91 G17 G00 G41 X20.0 Y20.0 H08
N2 G01 Z25.0 F100 ;
N3 Y40.0 F250 ;
N4 G39 I40.0 J20.0 ;
N5 X40.0 Y20.0 ;
N6 G39 I40.0 ;
N7 G02 X40.0 Y40.0 R40.0 ;
N8 X20.0 Y20.0 R20.0 ;
N9 G01 X60.0 ;
N10 G00 Z25.0 ;
N11 G40 X20.0 Y20.0 M02 ;
(H08: s ca b b dao, gi tr bn knh
dao c lu tr trong b nh tng
ng vi a ch ny)

G92 X0 Y0 Z0 ; (t HT chi tit, im bt


u ca dao)
N1 G90 G17 G00 G41 D07 X250.0 Y550.0 ;
N2 G01 Y900.0 F150 ;
N3 X450.0 ;
N4 G03 X500.0 Y1150.0 R650.0 ;
N5 G02 X900.0 R250.0 ;
N6 G03 X950.0 Y900.0 R650.0 ;
N7 G01 X1150.0 ;
N8 Y550.0 ;
N9 X700.0 Y650.0 ;
N10 X250.0 Y550.0 ;
N11 G00 G40 X0 Y0 ;

V d: b chiu di dao gia cng l


B chiu di dao (doa l 1, 2 v 3)

(Gi tr b chiu di)

V tr hin ti

V tr lp
trnh
Gi tr b

Cc chu trnh gia cng trn my phay


Kh nng cng ngh ca my phay
Trc chnh
dao

Cn dao

Dung
dich trn
ngui

V tr cc mt phng lm vic v trc dao

Code G

Mp phng

Trc dao

G17

Xp - Yp

Trc Z

G18

Zp - Xp

Trc Y

G19

Yp Zp

Trc Z

Xp : trc X hoc trc // vi X


Yp : trc Y hoc trc // vi Y
Zp : trc Z hoc trc // vi Z

Chy dao dc theo trc dao

Rt dao tr v v tr ban u (G98) hoc v mc R (G99)


G98 (rt dao v mc u tin): thng dng khi gia cng ln cui
G99 (rt dao v mc R): dng khi gia cng l u tin
G98

G99
Mc ban u

Mc R

K hiu:

Chy dao nhanh


Chuyn ng ct (ni suy)
Chy dao bng tay
Dng trc chnh ti 1 v tr xc nh
Chuyn t chy dao ct sang chy dao nhanh
Dng chy dao tm thi

Khoan l su vi tc cao (G73)


G73 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ Q_ F_ K_ ;

X_ Y_: ta v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mt R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc
R
Q_ : chiu su khoan cho 1 ln chy dao
F_ : tc chy dao
K_ : s ln lp li (s hnh trnh ct)
- Lnh hy b chu trnh:
G80 hoc cc lnh G thuc nhm 1:
G00, G01, G02, G03, G60
- Lnh b dao theo chiu di bt u c
hiu lc t mc R

V d

Khoan l thng khoan tm (G81)


G81 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: ta v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n R
F_ : tc chy dao
K_ : s ln lp li
Mc ban
u

- Trc khi gi lnh G81, dng lnh M


t tc quay.
- Lnh hy b chu trnh: G80 hoc cc lnh
G thuc nhm 1 (G00, G01, G02, G03, G6
- Lnh b dao theo chiu di bt u c hiu
lc t mc R

Mc R

Mc R

im Z

im Z

V d:

V d: gia cng cc l theo trc Z

%555
N10 G X Y Z50.0;
N20 T1 D1 M6;
N30 M3 M40 S800;
N40 X10.0 Y20.0 Z22.0 (1)
N50 G81 Z10.0 F200; (2)
N60 R32.0

(3)

N70 X30.0 Y20.0 Z-3.0; (4)


N80 X50.0 Y20.0 R22.0 Z10.0; (5/6)
N90 G80 Z150.0;
N100 X Y;
N110 M2;

V d khoan cc l nm trn ng trn


N10 G X Y Z50.0;
N20 T3D3 M6;
N30 M3 M40 S1000
N40 G99 G81 X-30.0 Y Z22.0 R5.0 F300;(1)
N50 G02 X-21.213 Y21.213 R30.0; (2)
N60 X Y30.0 R30.0;

(3)

N70 X-21.213 Y21.213 R30.0; (4)


N80 X30.0 Y R30.0;
N90 G80 G Z50.0
N100 X Y;
N110 M02;

(5)

Taro ren tri


G74 X_ Y_ Z_ R_P_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n
y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban
u n mc R
P_ : ngng tm thi (s)
F_ : lng chy dao (bc ren)
K_ : s ln ct
-Khi dao t n chiu su l,
trc dao quay cng chiu kim
ng h rt dao
- trc lnh G74, dng lnh M
ch chiu quay ca trc:
M03: CW-clockwise
M04: CCW counterclockwe

Quay cng
chiu kim
ng h (CW)

Phay ren
G33 ip_F_;
ip_ : ta dim cui
ca ren
F: bc ren

Gi tr bc ren:
H mt: lng tng 0.001 mm gi tr iu khin: F1 to F50000 (0.01 to 500.00mm)
0.0001 mm gi tr iu khin: F1 to F50000 (0.01 to 500.00mm)
H inch.
Lng tng 0.0001 inch F1 to F99999 (0.0001 to 9.9999inch)
0.00001 inch F1 to F99999 (0.0001 to 9.9999inch)

Phay ren ln (dng G02, G03)


Phay ren c thc hin bng phay rnh xon. Dng lnh G02, G03 to chuyn ng
trn trong mt phng X-Y, thm chuyn ng theo trc Z trong cng block
N1 T1 M06
N2 G90 G54 G00 X1.6 Y-1.25
N3 S1500 M03
N4 G43 H01 Z0.1 M08
N5 G01 Z-0.8 F50.
N6 G41 X2.25 D01 F10.
N7 G91 G03 X0. Y0. I-1. J0. Z.0833 F3. L10
(Repeat 10x to mill thread)
N8 G90 G40 G01 X1.6 Y-1.25
N9 G00 Z0.1 M09
N10 G91 G28 Z0.
N11 M30

N1 T1 M06
N2 G90 G54 G00 X1.25 Y-1.25
N3 S1500 M03
N4 G43 H01 Z0.1 M08
N5 G01 Z-1.0 F50.
N6 G41 X1.75 Y-1.75 D01 (gi b dao)
N7 G03 X2.25 Y-1.25 R0.5 F10. (to cung
ren)
N8 G03 X2.25 Y-1.25 I-1. J0. Z-0.9167 F12.
(ct ht chiu di ren)
N9 G03 X1.75 Y-.75 R0.5 (thot khi cung
ren)
N10 G40 G01 X1.25 Y-1.25 (tr v tm ren)
N11 G00 Z0.1 M09
N12 G91 G28 Z0.
N13 M30

V d: Khoan Taro ren tri


% 222
(Khoan)
N10 G X Y Z50.0;
N20 T1D1 M6;
N30 M03 M04 S500;
N40 G81 X Y30.0 Z-22.0 R-20.0 F300; (1)
N50 X30.0 Y30.0; (2)
N60 X60.0 Y30.0; (3)
N70 G80 X Y Z50.0;
(Taro)
N80 T3D3M6;
N90 M3 M40 S250;
N100 G74 X Y30.0 Z-22.0 R-20.0 P1000 F200; (1)
N110 X30.0 Y30.0; (2)
N120 X60.0 Y30.0; (3)
N130 G80 X Y Z50.0;
N140 M2;

Khot l
G82 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ P_ F_ K_ ;

X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n
mc R
P_ : ngng tm thi (s)
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln ct

im khi
u

Mc R

V d:

Khoan l su gin on
G83 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ Q_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc khi u n mc R
Q_ : chiu su ct cho 1 ln ct (phng trc chnh)
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln ct

im ban
u

Mc R

V d

Taro ren phi


G84 X_ Y_ Z_ R_P_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
P_ : ngng tm thi (s)
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln ct

Quay ngc chiu


kim ng h

Doa l tinh
G76 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: Hole position data
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc khi im n mc R
Q_ : lng li dao hng knh ti y l
P_ : thi gian ngng ti y l
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln lp li

Dng trc
chnh nh
hng

dao

Khi dao n y l, mi dao c lui


v 1 lng Q rt dao trnh dao
c st vo b mt gia cng

V d

Doa l (G85, G86)


G85 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_ K_ ;
G86 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln ct

V d doa l (G86)

Doa l (G88, G89)


G88 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ P_ F_ K_ ;
G89 X_ Y_ Z_ R_ P_ F_ K_ ;
X_ Y_: v tr l
Z_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc R
P_ : ngng tm thi y l (s)
F_ : lng chy dao
K_ : s ln ct

- G88: ngng tm thi y l, dng trc


chnh, sau rt dao bng tay n mc R.
Ti R trc chnh quay theo chiu kim ng
h v chy dao nhanh v mc ban u.
- G89 gn ging G85, nhng c dng tm
thi y l trc khi chy dao nhanh v
mc R

im u

Dng quay

Dng quay

V d G88

V d G89

V tr ban u

V tr ban u

Vt mp V trn
Sau cc lnh ni suy G01, G02,
G03 thm vo cc gi tr bn knh
v trn hoc kch thc cnh vt:
V d: G01 X_Y_,C_;

Block vat mep

G01 X_Y_,R_;

Tam vong tron ban kinh R

V d:

Phay mt phng Phay rnh, hc


Phay mt phng:

Dao phay mt u

G77 X_Y1 _Y2 _F;


X: qung ng chy dao
theo phng X
Y1: khong chy dao theo
phng Y
Y2: khong dch chuyn tm
dao theo phng Y sau 1
hnh trnh ct. Y2 max =
dao, thng = (70-80)% dao
F: lng chy dao

Qu o dao

V tr bt u,
kt thc

Phay rnh thng


G77 X_Y1 _Y2 _F;
(X, Y1, Y2, F: tng t lnh phay mt phng)
- Dao chy nhanh n im bt u
nm trn ng tm i xng ca
rnh
- Dao phay ngn (2 li ct)

V tr bt u,
kt thc

Phay hc rnh dng ch nht


G76 X1_X2_X3_Y1_Y2_F1_F2
-Vi jtr bt u ca dao ti
tm rnh
- tin dao theo phng Z
n chiu su ct cn ct
-

Qu o
tm dao

q
u
i

Phay rnh ch nht (tip theo)

X1= khong cch t tm rnh n thnh bn dc theo trc X (L/2)


tr i bn knh dao, L: chiu di rnh
Y1= khong cch t tm rnh n thnh bn dc theo trc Y (W/2)
tr i bn knh, W: chiu rng rnh
X2 = lng dch chuyn theo phng X sau mi hnh trnh ct, X2
max= dao
Y2 = lng dch chuyn theo phng Y sau mi hnh trnh ct, nu
khng c a ch Y2 ly Y2=X2
X3 = chiu su ct gia cng tinh, nu khng c a ch X3 mc
nh X3 = 0.5mm
F1 = lng chy dao theo phng chiu su rnh
F2 = lng chy dao dc theo X,Y. Nu khng lp trnh F2
ly F2 = 1.5F1

S n dao theo chiu su rnh

Th
Tinh
Chy dao
nhanh

Gia cng tinh

Cc kiu chy dao khi gia cng rnh, hc


Hnh chiu cnh

Hnh chiu bng


Gia cng th, tinh mi ln
chy dao dc trc

Gia cng th, tinh y


rnh

Gia cng th, tinh thnh


bn
Gia cng th

Hnh chiu cnh

Hnh chiu bng

Gia cng tinh y rnh

Gia cng tinh mt bn

Gia cng tinh cnh bn n


kch thc I

Gia cng tinh y n kch


thc J

Th

Tinh cnh bn

Tinh dc trc

Gia cng hc dng trn G12, G13

Cng chiu kim


ng h (G12)

Ngc chiu kim


ng h (G13)

Gia cng hc dng trn


G12: gia cng hc trn cng chiu kim ng h
X, Y: ta tm hc trn
Z : chiu su ct mi ln ct (lng n xung theo phng Z)
I: bn knh vng trn u tin
K: bn knh vng trn gia cng tinh
Q bn knh ct sau 1 vng ct (Q ch dng vi K)
L: s ln lp li (lng tng chiu su ct Z)
D: s b b dao theo bn knh
F : lng chy dao (mm/min)
Lnh G12 dng khi b dao bn phi G42
G13: gia cng hc trn ngc chiu kim ng h,
dng vi lnh b dao tri G41

V d:

(chy dao 1 ln, vi I)


O01041
N1 D01
N2 T1 M06
N3 G90 G54 G00 X2.5 Y2.5 (v tr tm
l)
N4 S2600 M03
N5 G43 H01 Z0.1 M08
N6 G13 Z-0.5 I0.5 D01 F15.
N7 G00 Z1. M09
N8 G28 G91 Y0 Z0
N9 M30

(nhiu ln chy dao vi G91, I, K, Q)


O01042
N1 D01
N2 T1 M06
N3 G90 G54 G00 X2.5 Y2.5
N4 S2600 M03
N5 G43 H01 Z0.1 M08
N6 G01 Z0. F30. (chuyn ng i xung n im bt
u)
N7 G13 G91 Z-0.375 I0.25 K2. Q0.3 D01 L4 F15.
N8 G00 G90 Z1. M09
N9 G28 G91 Y0 Z0
N10 M30

Gia cng hc rnh c bit

L bt u gia cng

G150 G41* P F D I J K Q R X Y Z

P(ns): s ca chng trnh con m t rnh


X, Y: v tr bt u ca l n dao
Z: chiu su rnh
Q: lng gia tng chiu su rnh theo truc z, bt u t
mp R
R: v tr mt phng R
I : lng ct theo phng trc X (dng I hoc J, khng
dng c I v J)
J : lng ct theo phng trc Y
K: lng d ct tinh
G41, hoc G42: b dao tri, phi
D : s b b dao
F: tc chy dao

V d: gia cng hc rnh G150


O00100 ; (khoan l dao phay i xung)
N01T1 M06 (1/2 DIA. DRILL)
N02 G90 G56 G00 X3.25 Y4.5
N03 S2000 M03
N04 G43 H01 Z1. M08
N05 G83 Z-2. R0.1 Q0.5 F10.
N06 G80 G00 Z1. M09
N07 G28 G91 Z0. M05
(gia cng hc)
N10 T02 M06
N11 G90 G56 G00 X3.25 Y4.5
N12 S2000 M03
N13 G43 H02 Z1. M08
N14 G01 Z.01 F30.
N15 G150 P101 J0.4 (hoc I.4) K0.02 G41 D02
Z-1. Q0.25 R.01 F12.
N16 G01 G40 X3.25 Y4.5
N17 G00 Z0.1 M09
N18 G28 G91 Y0. Z0. M05
N19 M30

O00101 (chng trnh con m t hc)


N101 G01 Y7.
N102 X1.5
N103 G03 Y5.25 R0.875
N104 G01 Y2.25
N105 G03 Y0.5 R0.875
N106 G01 X5.
N107 G03 Y2.25 R.875
N108 G01 Y5.25
N109 G03 Y7. R0.875
N110 G01 X3.25
N111 M99 (tr v chng trnh chnh)

V d gia cng rnh (G150)

-Lng ct dc trc X: I=0.3


-- chiu su ct Q = 0.2, lng ct
u tin = 0.1
- lng ct gia cng tinh: K = 0.02

O0010 ;
T1 M06 ;
G54 G90 G00 X3.0 Y3.5 ;
G43 Z0.1 H1 ;
S2500 M03 ;
N10 G81 Z-0.5 R0.1 F25. ;
T2 M06 ;
G43 Z0.1 H2 ;
S2000 M03 ;
G150 P200 G41 X3.0 Y3.5 Z-0.5 F30. R0.1
Q0.2 I0.3 K0.02 ;
G00 Z0.1 M09 ;
G28 G91 Y0 Z0 ;
M30 ;
O0200 ;
G01 X2.0 ;
Y2.0 ;
X4.0 ;
Y4.0 ;
G03 X2.0 Y4.0 R1.0 ;
G01 Y3.5 ;
M99 ;

Chng
(Sub- trnh
program
con
m t for
Pocket
hnh
hc rnh
geometry)

Gi tr b No11 = +200.0
N001 G92X0Y0Z0;
N002 G90 G00 Z250.0 T11 M6;
N003 G43 Z0 H11;
N004 S30 M3
N005 G99 G81X400.0 R Y350.0
Z153,0R97.0 F120;
N006 Y550.0;
N007 G98Y750.0;
N008 G99X1200.0;
N009 Y550.0;
N010 G98Y350.0;
N011 G00X0Y0M5;
N012 G49Z250.0T15M6;
N013 G43Z0H15;
N014 S20M3;
N015 G99G82X550.0Y450.0
Z130.0R97.0P300F70;
N016 G98Y650.0;
N017 G99X1050.0;
N018 G98Y450.0;
N019 G00X0Y0M5;
N020 G49Z250.0T31M6;
N021 G43Z0H31;
N022 S10M3;
N023 G85G99X800.0Y350.0
Z153.0R47.0F50;
N024 G91Y200.0K2;
N025 G28X0Y0M5;
N026 G49Z0;
N027 M0;

Gi tr b No.15 = +190.0
Gi tr b No.31 = +150.0
im chun

Vi tri rut dao


V tr u

Dao T1: dao phay 2 li ct mt u


40, b b dao H1, D11
Dao T2: 8, b b dao H2, D22

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