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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.

16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

LI M U
Trong bi cnh s pht trin mnh m ca khoa hc cng ngh truyn thng v tuyn bng rng qua khong cch xa, nhiu cng ngh ni ln nh chng t tim nng v tnh kh thi ca mnh nh cng ngh DSL, ADSL, WiFi. Nhng cho ti nay tt c nhng cng ngh ny tuy hin nay rt ph bin nhng dng nh vn khng p ng c nhu cu ngy cng cao ca ngi dng v mt tc , kh nng ph sng WiMAX ni chung v c bit l WiMAX di ng ni ring vi nhng c tnh vt tri chng t mnh l mt gii php tch cc c th gii quyt cc vn a truy nhp v mt chi ph lp t, khong cch ph sng, tc ng truyn, ng thi thu ht c s tham gia hp tc ca cc tp on in t ln trong vic sn xut thc y s hon thin ca cng ngh mi ny. ti kha lun tt nghip vi tiu : Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht c thc hin nhm mc ch tm hiu tng quan v cng ngh WiMAX di ng ng thi nghin cu tnh hnh trin khai ca cng ngh mi ny trong iu kin thc t Vit Nam tr li cc cu hi nh: Ti sao cng ngh mi ny li hp dn cc nh cung cp dch v v tuyn bng rng cng nh cc khch hng nh vy? v Qu trnh trin khai trn thc t c thc hin nh th no, kt qu thu c l g?. ng thi, vic nghin cu tm hiu v WiMAX di ng trong tnh hnh mng vin thng Vit Nam hin nay l iu cn thit khng ch i vi th trng ni chung cng nh cc cc nh qun l m quan trng hn s gip trang b cho sinh vin khoa in t - vin thng ca trng i hc Cng Ngh nhng nn tng kin thc thc t c bn v vic ng dng v pht trin cng ngh mi ny. Trn c s nhng thng tin c sn t cc ti liu trong v ngoi nc, phn ni dung ca bi vit c thc hin thng qua c v phn tch ng thi nu ln quan im ca bn thn v nhng vn cn nghin cu. Ni dung bi kha lun bao gm 2 phn chnh:
Chng 1: Tng quan v chun 802.16e v WiMAX di ng. Chng 2: Cc c tnh k thut ca WiMAX di ng. Chng 3: ng dng trin khai WiMAX di ng trn mng ni ht ti Vit

Nam

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

MC LC
LI M U............................................................................................................1 MC LC..................................................................................................................2-4 DANH MC HNH V.............................................................................................5-6 DANH MC BNG...................................................................................................7 THUT NG VIT TT.........................................................................................8-11 CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CHUN 802.16e V WiMAX DI NG.........12
1.1 Gii thiu chung v WiMAX di ng ...................................................................12 1.2 M hnh h thng ..................................................................................................14 1.3 Kin trc mng WiMAX di ng..........................................................................15

1.4 K thut truyn thng s .......................................................................................16 1.4.1 M t lp vt l..........................................................................................16 1.4.1.1 Cc khi nim c bn v OFDM........................................................16 1.4.1.2 Cu trc k hiu OFDMA v knh con ha.......................................19 1.4.1.3 SOFDMA theo t l (S-OFDMA)......................................................22 1.4.1.4 So snh OFDM v OFDMA...............................................................23 CHNG 2: CC C TNH K THUT CA WIMAX DI NG...............26 2.1 Cu trc khung TDD.............................................................................................26 2.2 Cc c im lp PHY ci tin khc.....................................................................28 2.3 M t lp MAC (Media Access Control) ..............................................................30 2.3.1 Dch v lp lch MAC................................................................................32 2.3.2 H tr QoS ................................................................................................33 2.3.3 Qun l ngun............................................................................................35 2.3.4 Qun l di ng..........................................................................................36 2.3.5 Bo mt .....................................................................................................37

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 2.3.6 Truy nhp knh truyn................................................................................38 2.4 Cc c im ci tin ca WiMAX di ng...........................................................39 2.4.1 Cng ngh anten thng minh.....................................................................39 2.4.1.1 MIMO ............................................................................................39 2.4.1.2 Cng ngh anten thng minh ..................................................................40 2.4.2 S dng li tn s phn on .....................................................................42 2.4.3 Dch v Multicast v Broadcast (MBS).....................................................44 2.5 Cc vn v ph ca WIMAX di ng...............................................................45 2.6 Kin trc WiMAX end-end...................................................................................46 2.6.1 H tr cc dch v v ng dng.................................................................48 2.6.2 Lin mng v chuyn vng .......................................................................48 2.6.3 Bo mt......................................................................................................51 2.6.4 Tnh di ng v chuyn giao......................................................................52 2.6.5 Kh nng m rng, vng bao ph v la chn nh khai thc.....................53 2.6.6 Kh nng lin hot ng ca a nh sn xut.............................................54 2.6.7 Cht lng dch v ....................................................................................54 CHNG 3: NG DNG TRIN KHAI WiMAX DI NG TRN MNG NI HT TI VIT NAM ..............................................................................................55 3.1 Tng quan..............................................................................................................55 3.2 Trin khai WIMAX di ng ca cng ty Vin Thng H Ni (HNPT) ................56 3.2.1 Mc tiu trin khai.....................................................................................56 3.2.1.1 Yu cu v dch v cho h thng truy nhp v tuyn bng rng........56 3.2.1.2 i tng khch hng ca h thng truy nhp v tuyn bng rng. . .56 3.2.2 Qui m trin khai WIMAX di ng ti H Ni .........................................56 3.2.3 Phi hp th nghim trin khai Wimax gia Motorola v HNPT..............57

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 3.2.3.1 Mc ch ca cuc Phi hp Th nghim Cng ngh (PTC).............59 3.2.3.2 Ni dung cng vic trin khai............................................................69 3.2.3.3 S chung v mng ca ULAP WiMAX .......................................70 3.2.3.4 Cc thnh phn h thng v thit b kim tra c yu cu...............71 3.2.3.4.1 Phn mm ...................................................................................72 3.2.4 Cu hnh th nghim .................................................................................73 3.2.4.1 Cc m hnh th nghim ...................................................................74 3.2.4.1.1 Dch v d liu ...................................................................74 3.2.4.1.2 Dch v thoi trn nn IP ...................................................75 3.2.4.1.3 Dch v game tng tc .....................................................77 3.2.4.1.4 Dch v mng ring o .......................................................78 3.2.4.1.5 Dch v cp pht a ch IP-DHCP ....................................79 3.2.4.1.6 Th nghim VOIP vi VOIP Server v Voice Gateway .... 80 3.2.5 Kt qu th nghim trin khai Wimax di ng ..........................................82 KT LUN CHUNG.................................................................................................83 TI LIU THAM KHO.........................................................................................84

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 1.1: Profile h thng WiMAX di ng Hnh 1.2: L trnh pht trin cng ngh WiMAX Hnh 1.3: M hnh h thng WiMAX Hnh 1.4: Kin trc mng WiMAX di ng Hnh 1.5: Phn chia lung s liu trong OFDM Hnh 1.6: Mt ct ca Cyclic Prefix Hnh 1.7: Mt ph nng lng ca tin hiu iu ch OFDM Hnh 1.8: Min tn s OFDM Hnh 1.9: M hnh knh con ha OFDM Hnh 1.10: Cu trc sng mang con OFDMA Hnh 1.11: S phn b pilot v d liu trong cc k hiu chn l Hnh 1.12: Cu trc tile ca UL PUSC Hnh 1.13: So snh OFDM v OFDMA Hnh 1.14: Tng quan so snh gia OFDM v SOFDMA Hnh 1.15: Tuyn ln trong OFDM v OFDMA Hnh 2.1: Cu trc khung WiMAX OFDMA Hnh 2.2: M hnh iu ch trong 802.16e Hnh 2.3: Phn lp MAC v cc chc nng Hnh 2.4: Qos h tr WiMAX di ng Hnh 2.5: Cc bc kt ni vi trm BS
Hnh 2.6 : K thut MIMO

Hnh 2.7: Chuyn mch thch ng cho anten thng minh Hnh 2.8 Cu trc khung a min Hnh 2.9: S dng li tn s

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Hnh 2.10: H tr MBS nhng vi nhng vng WiMAX-MBS di ng Hnh 2.11: M hnh tham chiu mng WIMAX Hnh 2.12: Cu trc mng WiMAX trn nn IP Hnh 3.1: S cc khu vc trin khai WiMAX di ng Hnh 3.2: Cu hnh sn phm Ultra Light Hnh 3.3: Cu hnh sn phm ULAP Hnh 3.4: Framework qun l cc phn t ULAP Hnh 3.5: Cu hnh cell in hnh (4 sector) Hnh 3.6: Module thu bao ngoi tri Hnh 3.7: Cu hnh a sector ca ULAP Hnh 3.8: Cu hnh mng chung ULAP Hnh 3.9: Cu hnh mng Hnh 3.10: Cu hnh th nghim WiMAX di ng ca HNPT Hnh 3.11: Th nghim dch v truyn file FTP Hnh 3.12: Th nghim dch v duyt Web intranet Hnh 3.13: Th nghim dch v duyt Web internet Hnh 3.14: Th nghim dch v VOIP PC-to-PC Hnh 3.15: Th nghim dch v Game trc tuyn Hnh 3.16: Th nghim dch v mng ring o VPN Hnh 3.17: SM built-in DHCP Server Hnh 3.18: External DHCP Server Hnh 3.19: Th nghim VOIP vi VOIP server (HNPT) v Voice Gateway (HNPT)

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

DANH MC BNG
Bng 1.1: Cc tham s t l OFDMA Bng 2.1: Cc k thut m ha v iu ch c h tr Bng 2.2: Tc d liu PHY vi cc knh con PUSC trong WiMAX di ng Bng 2.3: Cc dch v trong QoS Bng 2.4: Cc ty chn ca Anten cao cp Bng 2.5: Cc tc d liu cho cc cu hnh SIMO/MIMO Bng 3.1: Tng hp nhng c tnh k thut chnh ca ULAP Bng3.2: c tnh k thut v tuyn ca ULAP Bng 3.4: c tnh k thut anten ca ULAP Bng 3.5: Cc thng s k thut Module v Anten thu bao Bng 3.6: Cc thng s k thut Module v Anten thu bao (tip...)

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

CC K HIU VIT TT

AAA ADSL AES-CCM AMC ARPU ASN gateway BS CCMP CPS CQI CQI CS CSN DHCP DL DL FUSC

Authentication, Account

authorization and

Nhn thc, cp php v lp ti khon ng dy thu bao bt i xng Thut ton bo mt m ho nht thc iu ch v m ha thch ng Ch s doanh thu bnh qun ca mt thu bao/thng Mng dch v truy nhp Trm gc Giao thc CCMP Lp con phn chung Ch th cht lng knh Mt knh ch th cht lng knh Lp con hi t Mng dch v li Giao thc cu hnh Host ng ng xung Sng mang con s dng hon

Asymmetric Digital Subcriber Line AES-CCM-based authenticated. encryption Adaptive Modulation and Coding Average Revenue Per User Access Service Network Base Station Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code Protocol Common Part Sublayer Channel quality indicator Channel quality indicator Convergence Sublayer Core Service Network Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Downlink Fully Used Sub-Carrier

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht ton DL PUSC DOCSIS DSL EAP EAP FBSS FCH FDMA HARQ HHO HMAC IEEE LOS MAI MDHO MIMO Partially Used Sub-Carrier Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification Digital Subcriber Line Extensible Authentication Protocol Extensible Authentication Protocol Fast Base Station Switching Frame Control Header Frequence Division Mutiplexing Access Hybrid Automatic Retransmission Request Hard Handoff Hashed Message Authentication Code Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Line of sight Multi Access Interfearence Macro Diversity Handover Multiple-input and multiple-output Sng mang con s dng mt phn Dch v truyn data bng ng cp Knh thu bao s Giao thc xc thc c th m rng Giao thc xc thc m rng Chuyn mch trm gc nhanh Tiu iu khin khung a truy nhp phn chia theo tn s Yu cu truyn li t ng kt ni Handoff cng Kha m nhn thc bn tin bm Vin cc k s in v in t Tm nhn thng Nhiu a truy xut Handover chuyn giao phn tp v m K thut s dng nhiu ng-

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht ten pht v nhiu ng-ten thu truyn v nhn d liu MS NAP NOSL NRM NSP OFDM OFDMA PKM QoS QPSK RTG RUIM SAP SDU SFN SIM SNMP Mobile Station Network Access Provider None-light of sight Network Reference Model Network Service Provider Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Protocal of Key Management Quality of Service Quadratura Phase Shift Keying Receive Transition Gap Removable User Identity Module Service Access Point Service Data Unit Single Frequency Network Subscriber Identity Module Simple Network management Trm di ng Nh cung cp truy nhp mng Khng theo tm nhn thng M hnh tham chiu mng Nh cung cp dch v mng Ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc giao a truy nhp phn chia theo tn s trc giao Phng thc qun l kha Cht lng dch v Kha chuyn pha cu phng Khong trng chuyn giao u thu M un xc nhn ngi s dng c th di chuyn c im truy nhp dch v n v d liu dch v Mng mt tn s M dun xc nhn thu bao Giao thc qun l mng Protocol n gin

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Scalable Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Specify Services Convergence Sublayer Time Division Multiplexing Access Transmit Transition Gap Uplink Ultra Light Access Point Wireless Access Controlle Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc giao theo t l Lp con hi t cc dch v ring a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian Khong trng chuyn giao u pht ng ln im truy cp iu khin truy cp khng dy Kh nng tng tc ton cu vi truy nhp vi ba

SOFDMA SSCS TDMA TTG UL ULAP WAC WiMAX

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CHUN 802.16E V WiMAX DI NG


1.1 Gii thiu chung v WiMAX di ng WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access - Kh nng tng tc ton cu vi truy nhp vi ba) l mt cng ngh ra i da trn cc chun 802.11 v 802.16 ca IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Vin cc k s in v in t) cho php truy cp v tuyn u cui nh mt phng thc thay th cho cp, DSL, ADSL hoc h thng cp quang tn km. H thng WiMAX, theo nh WiMAX Forum, cho php kt ni bng rng v tuyn c nh, nomandic - trong ngi s dng c th di chuyn nhng c nh trong lc kt ni, mang xch c trong ngi s dng c th di chuyn tc i b, di ng vi kh nng ph sng ca mt trm anten pht ln n 50 km di cc iu kin tm nhn thng (LOS Line of sight) v bn knh cell ln ti 8km khng theo tm nhn thng (NLOS Non line of sight).

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Trong h IEEE 802.16 ni bt nht l chun 802.16e 2005 vi kh nng p ng cc ng dng c nh v c bit l cc dch v di ng, nn cn c gi l WiMAX di ng. Chun ny nh du s pht trin vt bc trong kh nng p ng nhu cu s dng ngy cng cao ca ngi dng. Vi nhng thuc tnh vt tri c bit v tc ng truyn s liu ln ti 64Mbps downlink v 28Mbps uplink kh nng cung ng di ng ti a ln ti 120km/h, v bn knh ph ln ti 1/5/30km, WiMAX di ng ang dn chng t mnh l mt cng ngh quan trng trong lnh vc cung cp gii php Internet bng rng di ng v l mt i th cnh tranh ng gm i vi mng thng tin di ng 3G LTE trong vic cung ng cc dch v tng t nh thoi VoIP, Internet di ng hay TV di ng. WiMAX di ng s l mt gii php v tuyn bng rng cho php hi t mng bng rng c nh v di ng thng qua cng ngh truy nhp v tuyn bng rng trn din rng v kin trc mng mm do. Giao din v tuyn WiMAX di ng s dng phng thc a truy nhp chia theo tn s trc giao (OFDMA) ci thin vn a ng trong mi trng NLOS. Phng thc OFDMA scalable (SOFDMA) c s dng trong bn b xung IEEE 802.16e h tr bng tn knh thay i t 1.25 ti 20 Mhz. Hin nay, mt profile h thng WiMAX di ng ang c pht trin nhm xc nh cc c im bt buc v tu chn ca chun IEEE xy dng cc giao din v tuyn tun theo WiMAX di ng. Profile h thng WiMAX di ng ny cho php h thng di ng c cu hnh da trn tp hp cc c im chung do m bo cc cho u cui v trm gc c th lin hot ng. Mt vi c im tu chn ca profile trm gc c a ra nhm to nn s mm do trong vic trin khai cc cu hnh khc nhau vi iu kin hoc ti u v kh nng hoc v vng ph. Profile WiMAX di ng s bao gm rng knh 5, 6, 8.75 v 10 MHz trong bng tn s 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz v 3.5 GHz 002E

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.1: Profile h thng WiMAX di ng Hin nay, mt nhm lm vic mng ca din n WiMAX ang pht trin cc tiu chun k thut mng mc cao cho h thng WiMAX di ng m trong chun IEEE 802.16 mi ch gii quyt cc vn n gin ca cc phn giao din v tuyn. Nhm ny cng ang nghin cu phin bn khc l 802.16m vi mc ch y tc d liu ca WiMAX ln hn na trong khi vn tng thch vi WiMAX c nh v di ng v ang c trin khai. Phin bn ny theo d kin s c hon thin vo cui nm 2009, nh l mt bc tin vt tri hn 3G LTE v xm nhp su rng hn vo th trng di ng hin nay. Phin bn 802.16m s vn da trn k thut ng-ten MIMO trn nn cng ngh a truy nhp OFDMA vi s lng ngten pht v thu nhiu hn WiMAX di ng Wave 2 . 802.16m trang b 4 ng-ten pht v 4 ng-ten thu s c th y tc truyn ln ln hn 350Mbps. Theo d kin,WiMAX Release 2 vi s hon thin ca 802.16m s hon thnh vo cui nm 2009 v c th bt u trin khai dch v t 2010. Hnh 1.2 di y th hin l trnh pht trin ca cng ngh WiMAX , ang v s xut hin .

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.2: L trnh pht trin cng ngh WiMAX 1.2 M hnh h thng M hnh ph sng mng WiMAX hay WiMAX di ng tng t nh mt mng in thoi di ng vi 2 phn: Trm pht v Trm thu.

Trm pht: Ging nh cc trm BTS trong mng thng tin di ng vi cng sut ln, c th ph sng khu vc rng ti 8000 km2 Trm thu: C th l cc anten nh nh cc loi card mng tch hp hoc c gn thm trn mainboard ca my tnh nh card WLAN.

Ngi dng c th truy cp WiMAX di ng ti bt c a im no d l c nh hay ang di ng. Mt im ng ch l cc trm pht do c kt ni vi mng Internet thng qua cc ng truyn Internet tc cao hoc cc trm trung chuyn theo ng truyn thng LOS nn kh nng ph sng ca WiMAX l rt rng. Cc anten thu pht c th trao i thng tin qua cc ng truyn LOS hoc NLOS. i vi trng hp truyn thng LOS, cc anten c t c nh ti cc im trn cao do vy tn hiu thu c trong trng hp ny rt n nh v t tc truyn ti a. Tuy nhin i vi trng hp truyn NLOS, h thng s dng bng tn thp hn, 2 11 GHz tng t nh WLAN, tn hiu c th vt cc vt chn thng qua ng phn x, nhiu x, tn x ti ch.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.3: M hnh h thng WiMAX 1.3 Kin trc mng WiMAX di ng

Hnh 1.4: Kin trc mng WiMAX di ng

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Ta thy thit lp mt mng WiMAX hay WiMAX di ng ta cn c cc trm pht BS (ging BTS ca mng thng tin di ng). Nhiu BS s c kt ni, qun l bi mt ASN (Access Service Network) gateway. ASN Gateway ny l thc th miu t trong WiMAX Forum, tuy nhin trong cc mng trin khai thc t th ngi ta hay gi l WAC (WiMAX hay Wireless Access Controller). Nhiu WAC tp hp li to thnh mt ASN. Nhiu ASN ca cng mt operator to thnh mt NAP (Network Access Provider). Nhiu nh cung cp khc nhau s c th trin khai nhiu mng truy nhp khc nhau, ri chng s cng kt ni vi mt hoc nhiu CSN (Core Service Network). ASN nh ngha mt ng bin logic v biu din theo mt cch thun li m t tp hp cc thc th chc nng v cc lung bn tin tng ng kt hp vi cc dch v truy cp. ASN biu din ng bin cho chc nng lin kt ni vi cc mng WiMAX khch, cc chc nng dch v kt ni WiMAX v tp cc chc nng ca nhiu nh cung cp khc nhau. CSN c nh ngha l mt tp cc chc nng mng cung cp cc dch v kt ni IP cho cc thu bao WiMAX. Mt CSN c th gm cc phn t mng nh router (b nh tuyn), my ch/proxy nhn thc AAA, c s d liu ngi dng v thit b cng lin mng. Mt CSN c th c trin khai nh mt phn ca nh cung cp dch v mng WiMAX. 1.4 K thut truyn thng s 1.4.1 M t lp vt l 1.4.1.1 Cc khi nim c bn v OFDM Cng ngh WiMAX di ng chn phng php truy cp a im da trn vic phn chia tn s trc giao (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access - OFDMA) nng cao hiu sut truyn gia cc im trong mi trng khng pht sng trc tip. Tuy nhin hiu r v OFDMA th vic tm hiu nhng nt c bn v OFDM l rt cn thit. OFDM l cng ngh ghp knh phn chia theo tn s trc giao-mt k thut hp dn s dng cho cc h thng truyn thng s liu tc cao. N c pht trin t 2 k thut quan trng l ghp knh phn chia theo tn s (FDM) v truyn thng a sng mang. OFDM l mt k thut ghp knh m chia bng tn thnh cc tn s sng mang nh nh c ch ra trong hnh sau :

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.5: Phn chia lung s liu trong OFDM Trong h thng OFDM, lung s liu u vo c chia ra thnh cc lung con song song vi tc s liu nh hn v nh vy tng khong thi gian ca k hiu v mi lung nh c iu ch v truyn trn mt sng mang trc giao. Hn na, s s dng tin t lp-CP (cyclic frefix) c th hon ton loi tr xuyn nhiu gia cc k hiu (ISI) min l thi lng CP lu hn tr knh lan truyn. CP l mt s lp li ca mt on cui ca khi s liu v c gn ti u ca on ti s liu nh c ch ra trong hnh:

Hnh 1.6: Mt ct ca Cyclic Prefix S dng CP chng li xuyn nhiu gia cc k hiu v to cho knh xut hin vng trn. Mt trong nhng nhc im ca CP l lm gim hiu qu ca bng thng do s dng thm phn tiu . CP lm gim hiu qu s dng bng thng i mt t. Do ph OFDM c hnh rt nhn ging nh brick-wall, do mt phn ln bng thng knh c s dng cho truyn s liu nn gip gim nh hng trong vic s dng tin t vng trn.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.7: Mt ph nng lng ca tn hiu iu ch OFDM OFDM c th trin khai trn nhiu di tn s khc nhau vi a knh bng cch s dng m ho v thng tin ti sng mang nh trc khi a vo truyn dn.

Hnh 1.8: Min tn s OFDM iu ch OFDM c th hin thc ho mt cch hiu qu vi chuyn i Fourier ngc nhanh. iu ny cho php truyn mt s lng ln cc sng mang nh m khng phc tp trong vic thc hin. Trong mt h thng OFDM, cc ti nguyn trong min thi gian chnh l cc k hiu OFDM v trong min tn s l cc sng mang nh. Ngun ti nguyn tn s v thi gian c th c t chc thnh cc knh con dng cho vic phn b ti tng ngi s dng ring r. Mi hnh ch nht l mt knh con c lp v cp cho nhng ngi s dng khc nhau:

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.9: M hnh knh con ha OFDM 1.4.1.2 Cu trc k hiu OFDMA v knh con ha OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access) l mt phng thc a truy nhp phn chia theo tn s trc giao, cung cp hot ng ghp knh lung s liu cho a ngi s dng vo cc knh con ng xung v a truy nhp ng a ng ln bng phng tin knh con ng ln. OFDMA l mt cng ngh a sng mang pht trin trn nn k thut OFDM. Trong OFDMA, mt s sng mang con, khng nht thit l phi nm k nhau c gp li thnh mt knh con (sub-channel) v cc user khi truy cp vo ti nguyn s c cp cho mt hay nhiu knh con truyn nhn ty theo yu cu lu lng c th. OFDMA c mt s u im nh l tng kh nng linh hot, thng lng v tnh n nh c ci thin. Vic n nh cc knh con cho cc thu bao c th, vic truyn nhn t mt s thu bao c th xy ra ng thi m khng cn s can thip no, do s gim nhng tc ng nh nhiu a truy xut (Multi Access Interfearence-MAI). OFDMA cho php nhiu ngi dng truy nhp cc sng mang con cng mt lc. mi n v thi gian, tt c cc ngi dng c th truy nhp. Vic n nh cc sng mang con cho mt ngi dng c th thay i mi n v thi gian. Cu trc k hiu OFDMA bao gm 3 kiu sng mang con nh c ch ra trong hnh sau:

Sng mang con s liu cho truyn dn s liu

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Sng mang con dn ng cho mc ch c lng v ng b ho

Sng mang con Null khng truyn dn truyn, c s dng cho phn bng thng an ton v ti mang DC.

Hnh 1.10: Cu trc sng mang con OFDMA Sng mang con (s liu v pilot), c nhm thnh tng nhm sng mang con c gi l knh con. WiMAX OFDMA lp vt l h tr knh con ho trong c DL v UL. Khi ngun ti nguyn thi gian-tn s ti u cho knh con ho l mt khe, bng 48 tone s liu (sng mang con). C 2 kiu hon v sng mang con cho knh con ho: phn tn v k nhau. S hon v phn tn dn n cc sng mang con gi ngu nhin hnh thnh mt knh con. S hon v ny mang n tnh a dng tn s v trung bnh xuyn nhiu gia cc cell. S hon v phn tn bao gm DL FUSC (Sng mang con s dng hon ton), DL PUSC (Sng mang con s dng mt phn), UL PUSC v cc hon v tu chn thm. Vi DL PUSC, mi cp k hiu OFDM, cc sng mang con c th s dng hoc kh dng c nhm thnh cc cluster cha 14 sng mang lin k trn mt k hiu, vi s phn b pilot v s liu trn mi nhm trong cc k hiu chn v l nh hnh sau..

Hnh 1.11: S phn b pilot v d liu trong cc k hiu chn l

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Mt nguyn l sp xp li c s dng hnh thnh nhm cc cluster. Mt knh con trong nhm cha 2 cluster v c c to bi 48 sng mang con s liu v 8 sng mang con pilot. Cc sng mang con s liu trong mi nhm c tip tc hon v to thnh cc knh con trong phm vi nhm. V vy, ch cc v tr dn ng trong cluster l c biu th trong hnh trn.Cc song mang con d liu trong cluster c phn b cho nhiu knh con. Tng t vi cu trc nhm cho DL, mt cu trc tile c xc nh cho UL PUSC c nh dng nh hnh 1.12

Hnh 1.12: Cu trc tile ca UL PUSC Khng gian sng mang con hiu dng c chia thnh cc tile, c chn t ph bng s hon v/ sp xp li, c nhm cng nhau hnh thnh mt khe. Khe bao gm 48 sng mang s liu v 24 sng mang pilot trong 3 k hiu OFDM. Hon v lin k nhm mt khi cc sng mang con lin k hnh thnh knh con. Hon v lin k bao gm DL AMC v UL AMC, v c cng mt cu trc. Mt thng (bin) bao gm 9 sng mang con trong mt k hiu, vi 8 c gn cho s liu v mt c gn cho pilot. Mt khe (slot) trong AMC c xc nh nh l mt tp hp cc thng vi kiu (N*M=6), trong N l s thng lin k v M l s k hiu lin k. Do , cc kiu hon v ny c th l (6 bin, 1 k hiu, 3 bin, 2 k hiu, 1 bin 6 k hiu). Hon v AMC cho php nhiu ngi s dng bng cch chn knh con vi s phn hi tn s tt nht. Ni chung, kiu hon v sng mang con a dng thc hin tt trong cc ng dng di ng trong khi hon v sng mang con lin k li ph hp tt cho mi trng di ng thp, hoc c th lu ng hoc c nh. Nhng tu chn ny cho php ngi thit k h thng la chn ra kiu hon v ph hp vi h thng ca mnh.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 1.4.1.3 S-OFDMA theo t l y l mt c im b xung cho IEEE 802.16e h tr chuyn giao d dng. Trong OFDM-TDMA v OFDMA, s lng sng mang con thng c gi bng nhau vi ph c sn. S sng mang con khng thay i dn n khng gian sng mang con thay i trong cc h thng khc nhau. iu ny lm cho vic chuyn giao gia cc h thng gp kh khn. Ngoi ra, mi h thng cn mt thit k ring v chi ph cao. OFDMA theo t l (S-OFDMA) gii quyt cc vn ny bng cch gi cho khng gian sng mang con khng thay i. Ni cch khc, s sng mang con c th tng hoc gim vi nhng thay i trong mt bng tn cho trc. V d, nu mt bng tn 5MHz c chia thnh 512 sng mang con, mt bng tn 10MHz s c chia thnh 1024 sng mang con. Bi v khng gian sng mang con l gi nguyn trong S-OFDMA nn mt my di ng c th chuyn giao gia cc h thng mt cch sun s. Ngoi ra, vi khng gian sng mang con khng thay i, mt thit k l ph hp cho nhiu h thng v c th ti s dng. Chi ph cho thit k v sn phm s thp hn. C th hn th S-OFDMA h tr mt khong rng bng thng gii quyt mt cch mm do vic phn chia ph thay i v p ng cc yu cu khc hu ch. Scalability thc hin c do iu chnh kch thc FFT trong khi vn c nh khong cch tn s cho mt sng mang l 10.94 kHz. Do bng thng sng mang con v di ca k t l c nh, tc ng ti lp cao hn l nh khi thay i bng tn. Cc tham s SOFDMA c m t trong bng. Bng tn h thng ca profile ban u c pht trin bi nhm lm vic v k thut vi phin bn-1 l 5 v 10 MHz (c t sng trong bng) Bng 1.1: Cc tham s t l OFDMA

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 1.4.1.4 So snh OFDM v OFDMA Theo k thut ghp knh c bn th OFDM c s dng cho nh dng 802.16 2004 rt ph hp vi cc ng dng c nh, trong khi chun 802.16e li s dng OFDMA li c bit thch hp vi mc ch ng dng trong di dng v v bn cht OFDM t phc tp hn so vi SOFDMA.

Hnh 1.13: Tng quan so snh gia OFDM v SOFDMA OFDMA to cho cc nh dng 802.16e linh hot hn rt nhiu trong vic qun l cc dch v ngi dng khc nhau vi nhiu kiu anten v yu t hnh dng khc nhau. N em li s gim bt can nhiu cho cc thit b khch hng c anten ton hng v kh nng truyn NLOS c cai thin nhng yu t rt cn thit khi h tr cc thu bao di ng. Vic to knh ph thuc s xc nh cc knh con c th gn cho cc thu bao khc nhau ty thuc vo cc trng thi knh v cc yu cu d liu ca chng. iu ny to iu kin cho cc nh khai thc linh hot hn trong vic qun l bng thng v cng sut pht, t dn n vic s dng ti nguyn hiu qu hn.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.14: So snh OFDM v OFDMA Trong OFDM, tt c cc sng mang u c pht i mt cch song song vi cng mt bin trong khi OFDMA chia khng gian sng mang thnh N G nhm mi nhm c NE sng mang v NE knh con, mi knh con ny mang mt sng mang cho mi nhm. Vic to knh con ny gip ci thin hiu nng khi cng sut pht t mt thit b ngi dng b hn ch. Chng hn trong OFDMA c 2048 sng mang bin i thnh NE = 32 v NG = 48 trong tuyn xung v NG = 53, NE =32 trong tuyn ln vi cc sng mang cn li c dng cho cc bng bo v v bo hiu. Trong OFDM, cc thit b ngi dng pht i bng cch s dng ton b mt knh cng mt lc nh hnh v bn di. Trong khi , OFDMA h tr a truy nhp cho php ngi dng ch pht i qua cc knh con c gn cho chng. Nh v d trn, nu 2048 sng mang v 32 knh con, nu ch mt knh con c gn cho mt thit b th ton b cng sut pht ra s c tp trung trong 1/32 ph kh dng v c th em li mt li 15dB so vi OFDM. Hn th na, hnh thc a truy nhp ny l c bit c li khi s dng cc knh rng.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 1.15: Tuyn ln trong OFDM v OFDMA Trong OFDM, cc thit b ngi dng c gn cc khe thi gian pht, nhng ch mt thit b ngi dng c th pht trong mt khe thi gian duy nht. Trong OFDMA, vic to knh con cho php mt s thit b c pht trong cng mt thi gian qua cc knh con c gn cho chng.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

CHNG 2: CC C TNH K THUT CA WiMAX DI NG


2.1 Cu trc khung TDD PHY 802.16e h tr TDD, FDD v hot ng FDD half-duplex. Tuy nhin, phin bn ban u ca profile chng ch WiMAX di ng ch c vi ch TDD. Vi phin bn ang c nghin cu, profile FDD s c xem xt bi din n WiMAX to ra cc c hi kinh doanh mi cho nhng ni c cc yu cu v ph ni ht hoc cm i vi TDD hoc l ph hp hn vi trin khai FDD. TDD l mt ng dng ca a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian TDMA (Time Devision Multiple Acces) phn tch tn hiu i v tn hiu v. TDD c mt tin ch ln trong trng hp s khng i xng gia tc uplink v v downlink d liu l thay i. Khi s liu uplink tng ln th s c mt di thng rng hn c th phn phi cho n nh trc khi n c co li c th truyn i. Mt tin ch khc khin TDD c s dng trong WiMAX di ng th h u l ng tn hiu radio uplink v downlink l rt ging trong h thng di chuyn chm iu c ngha l cng ngh nh beamforming lm vic rt tt vi h thng TDD. S sp xp c h thng ca TDD c th cp pht mt cch linh hot s lng khe thi gian cho hai chiu truyn v nhn d liu, iu ny c bit quan trng trong cc ng truyn Internet vi t l UL/DL khng b bt buc phi l 50/50. Xt mt cch tng qut th TDD c th mang li s linh hot cng nh gip nng cao nng lc ca h thng ln rt nhiu. Tuy nhin, vic s dng TDD trong phin bn u ny ca WiMAX di ng gp phi mt nhc im l b hn cht bi di tn nh. hiu qu TDD chia dng d liu ra thnh nhiu khung v vi mi khung ny li chia thnh cc khe thi gian truyn i v nhn v. i vi vn xuyn nhiu, TDD khng yu cu s ng b h thng din rng, tri li TDD s u tin ch song cng v nhng l do sau: TDD cho php iu chnh t s ng xung/ng ln h tr lu lng ng xung/ng ln mt cch hiu qu, trong khi vi FDD, ng xung v ng ln lun lun b c nh v ni chung l bng vi bng thng DL v UL. TDD m bo s trao i knh : h tr kh nng iu chnh ng truyn, MIMO v cc cng ngh anten ci vng kn cao cp khc.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Khng ging nh FDD vi vic yu cu mt cp knh, TDD ch yu cu mt knh n cho c ng xung v ng ln, iu ny dn n mm do hn i vi s phn chia ph thay i. Thit k b thu pht trin khai TDD l t phc tp hn v do s tn km hn. Hnh v di y minh ho cu trc khung OFDM vi phng thc song cng chia theo thi gian (TDD). Mi khung c chia thnh khung con DL v UL ring r bi cc b chuyn dch pht/thu v thu/pht (TTG v RTG tng ng) chng li s xung t trong truyn dn DL v UL. Trong mt khung, thng tin iu khin sau c s dng m bo hot ng h thng ti u:

Phn u khung (preamble): c s dng cho ng b, l k hiu OFDM u tin ca khung. Tiu iu khin khung (FCH):FCH c t ngay sau phn m u (preamble). N cung cp cc thng tin cu hnh khung nh di bn tin MAP, s m ho v knh con hiu dng. DL-MAP v UL-MAP: Cung cp s phn b knh con v thng tin iu khin khc cho khung con DL v UL mt cch tng ng. Khong UL: Knh con UL c s dng cho trm gc di ng (MS) thc hin thi gian vng kn, tn s v s iu chnh cng xut cng nh yu cu bng tn. UL CQICH: Knh UL CQICH c phn b cho MS tr li li cc thng tin v trng thi knh. UL ACK: c s dng cho MS tr li li thng bo DL HARQ.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 2.1: Cu trc khung WiMAX OFDMA 2.2 Cc c im lp PHY ci tin khc WiMAX di ng a ra cc k thut: iu ch thch nghi v m ha (AMC), yu cu lp li t ng li kiu kt hp (HARQ), v phn hi knh nhanh (CQICH), tng cng kh nng ph sng v kh nng ca WiMAX trong cc ng dng di ng. Trong WiMAX di ng ng xung, bt buc phi c cc h tr iu ch QPSK, 16 QAM v 64 QAM, cn ng ln 64 QAM l ty chn.

Hnh 2.2: M hnh iu ch trong 802.16e

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht C m ha vng v m ha Turbo vng vi tc m thay i v m lp cng c h tr. Ngoi ra, m Turbo v m kim tra chn l mt thp (LDPC) cng c h tr ty chn. Bng sau tng kt cc nguyn l m ha v iu ch c h tr trong profile WiMAX di dng (vi m UL tu chn c ch ra vi ch in nghing). Bng 2.1: Cc k thut m ha v iu ch c h tr

S t hp cc k thut iu ch v cc tc m em li s tinh phn gii tc d liu nh minh ha trong bng 1.3 (vi rng knh l 5 v 10 MHz vi cc knh con PUSC). di khung l 5ms. Mi khung c 48 biu trng OFDM gm 44 biu trng sn sng truyn d liu. Cc gi tr nh du mu l ch cc tc cho k thut 64QAM ty chn ng ln. Bng 2.2: Tc d liu PHY vi cc knh con PUSC trong WiMAX di ng

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht B lp lch trm gc xc nh tc d liu ph hp mi cp pht cm (burts) da trn kch thc b m v iu kin truyn song pha thu...Mt knh ch th cht lng knh (CQI-channel quality indicator) c s dng cung cp thng tin trng thi knh t thit b u cui ngi s dng n b lp lch trm gc. Thng tin trng thi knh c th c phn hi bi CQICH bao gm: CINR vt l, CINR hiu qu, s la chn ch MIMO v s la chn knh con. Vi k thut TDD, thch ng ng truyn cng c th tn dng u im ca vic o knh cung cp vic o chnh xc hn (nh l m thanh). WiMAX di ng cng h tr HARQ. HARQ cho php s dng giao thc dng v i N knh cung cp kh nng p ng nhanh ng gi li v ci tin kh nng ph sng ng bin cell. S d tha tng c h tr ci tin hn v tin cy ca vic truyn li. Mt knh ACK cng c cung cp trong ng uplink cho tn hiu HARQ ACK/NACK. HARQ kt hp vi CQICH v AMC cung cp s tng thch lin kt manh trong mi trng ti tc phng tin qu 120Km/gi. 2.3 M t lp MAC Chun 802.16 c pht trin t yu cu v vic cung cp a dng dch v bng rng bao gm thoi, d liu, v video. Lp MAC l hng kt ni bao gm ba phn lp con. Lp con hi t dch v ring (SSCS) cung cp mi s bin i hay nh x d liu mng ngoi, nhn d liu mng ngoi qua im truy nhp dch v CS SAP, cc MAC SDU (n v d liu dch v) c nhn bi lp con phn chung MAC CPS thng qua MAC SAP. Bao gm vic phn loi cc SDU mng ngoi v kt hp chng vi nhn dng lung dch v MAC thch hp (SFID) v nhn dng kt ni (CID). N c th cng bao gm cc chc nng nh nn tiu ti trng (PHS). Nhiu chi tit k thut CS c cung cp cho giao din vi nhiu loi giao thc. nh dng bn trong ca ti trng CS l duy nht vi mi CS, v cc MAC CPS khng yu cu hiu dc nh dng ca n hay phn tch bt k thng tin no t ti trng CS. MAC CPS cung cp cc chc nng MAC chnh ca vic truy nhp h thng, cp pht rng di tn, thit lp v duy tr kt ni. N nhn d liu t nhiu CS thng qua MAC SAP, phn loi thnh cc kt ni MAC c th. QoS c p dng cho vic truyn v lp lch d liu thng qua lp PHY s dng 4 loi dch v c bn.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht C hai loi kt ni l cc kt ni qun l v kt ni truyn ti d liu. Cc kt ni qun l c ba loi: c bn, s cp v th cp. Mt kt ni c bn c to ra cho mi MS khi n gia nhp vo mng. Kt ni s cp cng c to ra cho mi MS thi im vo mng nhng uc dng cho cc bn tin qun l dung sai tr. Loi kt ni qun l th ba, loi th cp c dng cho cc bn tin qun l IP tm lc (nh DHCP, SNMP, TFP). Cc kt ni truyn ti d liu c th c cung cp hoc c thit lp theo yu cu. Chng c dng cho cc lung lu lng ngi dng. n im hoc a im c th c dng cho truyn dn.

MAC

2.3.1 Dch v lp lch MAC

Quy m chun ha CS SAP Lp con hi t dch v c bit (MAC SSCS) MAC SAP

Thc th qun l Lp con hi t dch v c bit SSCS

Lp con phn chung MAC (MAC CPS) Lp con bo mt (MAC SS)


PHY SAP

Thc th qun l Lp con phn chung MAC Lp con bo mt

PHY

Lp vt l (PHY)

Thc th qun l PHY


Mt bng qun l

mt bng d liu/ iu khin

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H thng qun l mng

Hnh 2.3: Phn lp MAC v cc chc nng

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Dch v lp lch MAC WiMAX di ng c thit k phn pht hiu qu cc dch v s liu bng rng bao gm thoi, d liu, v video vi knh v tuyn bng rng thay i theo thi gian. Dch v lp lch MAC c cc thuc tnh sau:

B lp lch s liu nhanh: B lp lch MAC phi phn b hiu qu ngun ti nguyn kh dng p ng li vi lu lng s liu bursty v iu kin knh thay i theo thi gian. B lp lch ngi ti mi trm gc cho php phn hi nhanh hn vi yu cu lu lng v iu kin knh. Gi s liu c a vo cc lung dch v vi tham s QoS trong lp MAC ngi lp lch c th quyt nh trt t truyn gi qua giao din v tuyn. Knh CQICH cung cp phn hi thng tin knh nhanh cho php b lp lch la chn m ho thch hp v iu ch cho mi trm gc. iu ch/ m ho thch ng kt hp vi HARQ cung cp truyn dn mnh qua knh thay i theo thi gian. Lp lch cho c DL v UL: Dch v lp lch c cung cp cho c lu lng DL v UL. b lp lch MAC phn b ngun ti nguyn hiu qu v cung cp QoS mong mun trong UL, UL phi phn hi chnh xc v thng tin kp thi i vi kha cch iu kin lu lng v yu cu v QoS. Cc c ch yu cu bng tn a ng ln nh l yu cu bng tn thng qua mt khong knh, yu cu piggyback v polling c thit k h tr yu cu bng tn UL. Lung dch v UL xc nh c ch phn hi cho mi kt ni ng ln m bo b lp lch UL c th tin on c. Hn na, vi knh con UL trc giao, khng c xuyn nhiu t cell ngoi. Lp lch UL c th phn b ngun ti nguyn hiu qu hn v tham s QoS tt hn. S phn b ngun ti nguyn ng: MAC h tr s phn b ngun ti nguyn i vi DL v UL trn mi khung. S phn b ngun ti nguyn c phn pht trong bn tin MAP ti bt u mi khung. Do , s phn b ngun ti nguyn c th c thay i t khungkhung theo cc iu kin v knh v lu lng. Hn na, mt s lng ngun ti nguyn trong mi ln phn b c th thay i t 1 khe n ton b khung. S phn b ngun ti nguyn ht tt v nhanh cho php QoS tt hn cho lu lng s liu. QoS oriented: B lp lch MAC x l truyn ti s liu trn mi kt ni-kt ni. Mi kt ni c kt hp vi dch v s liu n vi mt tp hp cc tham s

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht QoS. Vi kh nng ngun ti nguyn c phn b ng trong c DL v UL, b lp lch c th h tr QoS cho c lu lng DL v UL. C th vi lp lch knh ln-ngun ti nguyn ng ln c phn b hiu qu, QoS l tt hn.

Lp lch la chn tn: B lp lch c th hot ng trn cc kiu khc nhau ca knh con. Knh con o tn s nh l hon v PUSC, ni m sng mang con trong cc knh con c phn b gi ngu nhin trn bng tn, knh con c cht lng tng t. Lp lch a dng tn s c th h tr QoS vi tnh ht tt v ngun ti nguyn thi gian tn s mm do. Vi s hon v lin k nh hon v AMC, knh con c th tri qua cc cng khc nhau. Lp lch la chn tn s c th phn b cc thu bao di ng ti knh con mnh nht. Lp lch la chn tn s c th tng cng kh nng h thng vi s tng ln va phi trong tiu CQI trong UL.

2.3.2 H tr QoS Vi tc ng truyn v tuyn cao, kh nng truyn ti bt i xng ng ln/ng xung v mt c ch cp pht ti nguyn linh hot, WiMAX di ng hon ton c th ap ng c cc yu cu QoS cho nhiu loi hnh dch v v ng dng d liu. Trong lp MAC ca WiMAX di ng, QoS c cung cp qua lung dch v nh c m t trong hnh bn di. y l lung gi c duy nht mt hng m c cung cp vi mt tp cc tham s QoS c th. Trc khi cung cp mt loi dch v s liu c th, trm gc v u cui ngi s dng u tin thit lp mt kt ni logic mt hng gia cc MAC. Sau , MAC kt hp cc gi qua giao din MAC vo mt lung dch v c phn pht qua kt ni. Tham s QoS c kt hp vi lung dch v xc nh th t truyn dn qua mi trng v tuyn. Do , QoS nh hng kt ni c th cung cp iu khin chnh xc qua giao din v tuyn. Do giao din v tuyn thng l nt c chai, QoS nh hng kt ni c th cho php hiu qu qua iu khin QoS end-to-end.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 2.4: QoS h tr WiMAX di ng Tham s lung dch v c th c qun l ng thng qua bn tin MAC tho mn cc yu cu dch v ng. Lung dch v c da trn c ch QoS p dng cho c DL v UL cung cp QoS ci thin trong c 2 hng. WiMAX di ng h tr mt khong rng cc dch v s liu v ng dng vi yu cu QoS thay i. Chng c tng kt trong bng sau:

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Bng 2.3: Cc dch v trong QoS

2.3.3 Qun l ngun WiMAX di ng h tr 2 ch cho hot ng hiu qu ngun: ch sleep v ch idle. Ch sleep l mt trng thi trong MS iu khin mt giai on tin tho thun v s vng mt s phc v ca giao din v tuyn trm gc. Giai on ny c c trng ho bi tnh khng kh dng ca MS, nh c quan st t s phc v ca trm gc, lu lng DL hoc UL. Ch sleep cho php ti u cng sut MS v ti u s s dng ca ngun giao din v tuyn trm gc. Ch sleep cng cung cp s mm do cho MS qut cc trm gc khc thu thp thng tin h tr handoff qua ch sleep.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Ch Idle cung cp c ch cho MS tr thnh kh dng tun hon cho bn tin lu lng qung b m khng ng k ti mt trm gc c th no nh khi MS nm trong mi trng lin kt v tuyn c chim gia bi nhiu trm gc. Ch idle mang li li ch cho MS bi vic khng cn yu cu cho handoff v hot ng bnh thng khc v li ch cho mng v trm gc bi s loi b giao din v tuyn v lu lng handoff mng t s khng hot ng ca MS trong khi vn cung cp mt phng php n gin v kp thi cho cnh bo MS v pending lu lng DL. 2.3.4 Qun l di ng C 3 phng php handoff c h tr trong chun 802.16e: handoff cng (hard) (HHO-Hard Handoff), chuyn mch trm gc nhanh (FBSS- Fast Base Station Switching) v handover chuyn giao phn tp v m (MDHO - Macro Diversity Handover). Trong nhng phng php handoff trn, HHO l bt buc trong khi FBSS v MDHO l 2 ch tu chn. Din n WiMAX ang pht trin cc yu cu k thut cho vic ti u handoff cng trong khung ca chun 802.16e. Nhng ci tin ny c pht trin vi mc tiu l gi cho tr lp 2 ca handoff l b hn 50 ms. Chuyn giao nhanh trong Wimax ch c th thc hin gia cc BS nm trong ci gi l Diversity Set l tp hp cc BS hot ng trong cng tn s, c SINR ln MS c th kt ni c v c bit l chng phi ng b. Trong Diversity Set ny th ch c 1 BS c gi l anchor (BS ch lc, hay cn gi l im kt ni, khp). S khc nhau gia MDHO v FBSS l ch: i vi FBSS, MS ch trao i thng tin d liu thng qua BS anchor thi, cn MDHO th MS truyn lu lng d liu qua tt c cc BS nm trong Diversity Set. Khi FBSS c h tr, MS v BS duy tr mt danh sch cc BS m n lin quan n FBSS vi MS. Tp hp ny c gi l tp hp tch cc. Trong FBSS, MS tip tc gim st trm gc trong tp hp tch cc. Gia MS trong tp hp tch cc, mt BS anchor c xc nh. Khi hot ng trong FBSS, MS ch truyn thng vi BS anchor cho bn tin ng ln v ng xung bao gm qun l v kt ni lu lng. Chuyn dch t mt BS Anchor ti mt BS khc (v d chuyn mch BS) c thc hin m khng cn bn tin bo hiu HO bt buc. Th tc cp nhp Anchor c thc hin bi di tn hiu truyn thng ca BS phc v thng qua knh CQI. Chuyn giao FBSS bt u vi mt quyt nh bi mt MS nhn v truyn s liu t mt BS anchor m c th thay

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht i trong mt tp hp tch cc. MS thng bo NS c la chn v th tc cp nhp tp hp tch cc. MS qut cc BS ln cn v la chn t nhng BS ny ra cc BS ph hp v th tc cp nhp tp hp tch cc c thc hin bi BS v MS. MS tip tc gim st di tn hiu ca BS m trong tp hp tch cc v la chn mt BS t mt tp hp tr thnh BS anchor. MS thng bo BS anchor c la chn trn CQICH hoc MS bt u bn tin yu cu HO. Mt yu cu quan trng ca FBSS l cc s liu c truyn ng thi ti tt c cc thnh vin ca tp hp tch cc ca BS m cho php phc v MS. Vi MS v BS m h tr MDHO, MS v BS duy tr mt tp tch cc cc BS m lin quan n MDHO trong MS. Gia cc BS trong tp hp tch cc, BS anchor c xc nh. Khi hot ng trong ch MDHO, MS truyn thng vi tt c BS trong tp hp tch cc ca bn tin unicast ng ln v ng xung v lu lng. MDHO bt u khi MS quyt nh truyn hoc nhn bn tin unicast v lu lng t nhiu BS trong cng mt khong thi gian. Cho MDHO ng xung, 2 hoc nhiu BS cung cp truyn dn ng b cho s liu ng xung MS m kt hp a dng c thc hin ti MS. Cho MDHO ng ln, truyn dn t mt MS c nhn bi a BS trong khi s a dng la chn trong thng tin nhn c c thc hin. 2.3.5 Bo mt WiMAX di ng h tr tt nht cc c im an ninh bng cch s dng cc cng ngh tt nht hin c hin nay. H tr s nht thc thit b/ ngi s dng, giao thc qun l cha kho mm do, m ho lu lng mnh, bo v bn tin mt phng qun l v iu khin, v cc ti u giao thc an ninh cho chuyn vng nhanh. Cc kha cnh s dng cho cc c im an ninh l:

Giao thc qun l cha kho: giao thc qun l cha kho phin bn 2 (PKM v2) l thnh phn c bn trong an ninh WiMAX di ng c xc nh trong 802.16e. Giao thc ny qun l an ninh MAC s dng bn tin PMK-REQ/RSP, nht thc PMK EAP, iu khin m ho lu lng, trao i cha kho handover v tt c bn tin an ninh multicast/broadcast c da trn giao thc ny. Nht thc thit b/ ngi s dng: WiMAX di ng h tr nht thc thit b v ngi s dng s dng giao thc IETF EAP bng vic cung cp h tr credentials c da trn SIM, hoc da trn USIM hoc chng nhn s hoc da trn tn ngi s dng/mt khu. Tng ng vi phng php nht thc EAP-

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht SIM, EAP-AKA, EAP-TLS, EAP-MSCHAPv2 c h tr thng qua giao thc EAP.

M ho lu lng: AES-CCM l mt m ho c s dng bo v tt c s liu ngi s dng qua giao din WiMAX MAC di ng. Cha kho c s dng cho m ho c to ra t vic nht thc EAP. Bo v bn tin iu khin: s liu iu khin c bo v bng vic s dng AES hoc s dng CMAC hoc s HMAC da trn MD5. H tr chuyn vng nhanh: Mt s bt tay 3 bc c h tr bi WiMAX di ng ti u c ch nht thc li cho h tr chuyn vng nhanh. C ch ny cng hu ch trong vic chng li vic tn cng gia chng bi con ngi hacker.

2.3.6 Truy nhp knh truyn Khi mt MS m my n s tin hnh cc bc sau kt ni vi trm BS nh c m t hnh di y.

Thc hin qu trnh tm kim v ng b ha vi cc BS m n thu c sng radio. thc hin c iu ny, cc MS s tin hnh scan cc tn s DL ( bit trc), lng nghe cc DL preamble pht ra t cc BS v ng b ha da vo cc thng ip iu khin. Tip theo MS nhn bit cc thng s uplink bng cch lng nghe cc UL-MAP.

MS thc hin qu trnh ranging. Ci ny ging nh power control trong mng thng tin di ng t bo.

MS tha thun v vic thu nhn bng thng vi BS cng nh cc thng tin v profile. MS thc hin qu trnh nhn thc, trao i kha v tin hnh ng k truy nhp vo mng. Kt ni IP c thit lp

Lung dch v c th bt u c trao i.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 2.5: Cc bc kt ni vi trm BS 2.4 Cc c im ci tin ca WiMAX di ng 2.4.1 Cng ngh anten thng minh 2.4.1.1 MIMO K thut MIMO trong lnh vc truyn thng l k thut s dng nhiu anten pht v nhiu anten thu truyn d liu. MIMO technique tn dng s phn cc (khng gian, thi gian, m ha ...) nhm nng cao cht lng tn hiu, tc d liu. K thut MIMO ngy nay ang c ng dng rt rng ri: MIMO-Wifi, MIMO-UMTS...nh tnh ti u trong vic s dng hiu qu bng thng, tc d d liu cao, robust vi knh truyn fading.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 2.6 : K thut MIMO K thut MIMO tng i a dng v phc tp. Trong WiMAX, ngi ta s dng m ha thi gian khng gian nhm lm gim qu d tr yu cu v trnh nhiu. i vi phn tp pht, rt nhiu cc phng php c kt hp nhm ci thin kh nng ca h thng. 2.4.1.2 Cng ngh Anten thng minh Cng ngh an ten thng minh in hnh lin quan n vc t phc hoc hot ng ma trn ca tn hiu bi nhiu an ten. OFDMA cho php cc hot ng an ten thng minh c thc hin trn cc sng mang con vc t phng. S cn bng phc khng c yu cu b cho fading theo tn s. Do , OFDMA l ph hp tt vi s h tr cng ngh an ten thng minh. Thc t, MIMO-OFDM/OFDMA c xem nh l mt nn mng cho h thng truyn thng bng rng th h tip theo. WiMAX di ng h tr mt khong rng cc cng ngh an ten thng minh tng cng kh nng thc hin ca h thng. Cng ngh an ten thng minh h tr bao gm:

Beamforming: vi beamforming, h thng s dng nhiu n ten truyn tn hiu vi mc ch ci thin vng ph v kh nng ca h thng.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

M ho thi gian-khng gian: truyn da dng nh l m ho alamuoti, c h tr cung cp s a dng v khng gian v gim lch fade. Ghp knh khng gian: ghp knh khng gian c h tr tn dng u im ca tc cao v tng thng lng. Vi ghp knh khng gian, nhiu lung s c truyn qua nhiu an ten. Nu b thu cng c nhiu an ten, n c th tch nhiu lung khc nhau thu c thng lng cao sn so vi h thng ch c mt an ten. Vi 2*2 MIMO, SM tng tc s liu nh ln 2 ln bng cch truyn 2 lung s liu. Trong UL, mi ngi s dng ch c duy nht mt anten truyn dn, 2 ngi s dng c th truyn kt hp trong cng 1 khe nu 2 lung c ghp knh theo thi gian t 2 an ten ca cng mt ngi s dng. iu ny c gi l UL kt hp vi SM.

Cc c im c h tr trong profile WiMAX di ng c lit k trong bng sau: Bng 2.4: Cc ty chn ca Anten cao cp

WiMAX di ng h tr chuyn mch thch ng gia cc tu chn ti u li ch ca cng ngh an ten thng minh trong cc iu kin knh khc nhau. V d, SM ci thin thng lng nh. Tuy nhin, khi iu kin knh km, tc li gi c th cao v do vng bao ph i vi PER mc tiu c th l gii hn. Mt khc, STC cung cp mt vng ph ln khng quan tm n iu kin knh nhng li khng ci thin c tc s liu nh. WiMAX di ng h tr chuyn mch thch ng gia a ch MIMO ti a ho s hiu qu bng tn m khng gim i vng bao ph. Hnh 11, ch ra kin trc cho vic h tr cc c im an ten thng minh. Bng sau cung cp tng kt v tc s liu nh v mt l thuyt cho cc t s DL/UL vi gi s bng tn knh 10 MHz, di khung 5ms vi 44 k t s liu OFDM (trn 48 k hiu OFDM) v knh con ho PUSC. Vi 2*2 MIMO, ngi s dng DL tc s liu nh ca sector c gp i. Tc s liu nh DL ti a l 63.36 Mbps khi tt c k hiu s liu c gp i trong khi tc s

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht liu nh ngi s dng l khng i. Tc s liu nh ngi s dng UL v tc s liu nh sector l 14.11Mbps v 28.22 Mbps tng ng khi tt c k t s liu l UL. Bng cch p dng cc t s DL/UL khc nhau, bng tn c th c iu chnh gia DL v UL m bo cho cc mu lu lng khc nhau. Ch l trong trng hp m ton DL hoc ton UL l him c s dng. Profile WiMAX h tr t s DL/UL thay i t 3:1 ti 1:1 tho mn cc profile mu lu lng khc nhau. Bng 2.5: Cc tc d liu cho cc cu hnh SIMO/MIMO

Hnh 2.7: Chuyn mch thch ng cho anten thng minh

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 2.4.2 S dng li tn s phn on WiMAX di ng h tr vic s dng tn s, ngha l tt c cc cell/sector hot ng cng mt knh tn s ti a hiu qu bng tn. Tuy nhin, do xuyn nhiu knh ln (CCI) trong vic trin khai mt tn s c s dng li, ngi s dng ti bin ca cc cell c th chu s suy gim v cht lng kt ni. Vi WiMAX di ng, ngi s dng c th hot ng trn cc knh con, m ch chim mt phn nh trong ton th bng tn knh, vn xuyn nhiu bin ca cell c th c gii quyt d dng bng vic s dng knh vi cu hnh ph hp. Trong WiMAX di ng, s dng knh con mm do bng cch phn mnh knh con v vng hon v. Mt on l mt phn vng ca mt knh con OFDMA kh dng (mt on c th bao gm tt c cc knh con). Mt on c s dng cho vic trin khai mt MAC n. Vng hon v l mt s cc k hiu OFDMA lin k trong DL hoc trong UL m s dng cng hon v. Khung con DL hoc UL c th cha nhiu hn mt vng hon v nh c ch ra trong hnh sau:

Hnh 2.8: Cu trc khung a min Mu s dng li knh con c th c cu hnh ngi s dng gn trm gc hot ng ti vng vi tt c knh con kh dng. Trong khi i vi ngi s dng bin, mi cell hoc sector hot ng trong vng vi mt phn ca tt c cc knh. Trong hnh trn

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht F1, F2, F3 i din cc tp hp knh con trong cng mt knh tn s. Vi cu hnh ny, mt s dng li tn s c duy tr cho ngi s dng trung tm ti u ho hiu qu ca ph v s dng li tn s mt phn c thc hin cho ngi s dng bin m bo cht lng kt ni ngi s dng bin v thng lng. K hoch s dng li knh con c th c ti u t ng qua cc sector hoc cell da trn ti mng v iu kin can nhiu trn mt khung. Do , tt c cc cell hoc sector c th hot ng cng mt knh tn s m khng cn k hoch tn s.

Hnh 2.9: S dng li tn s 2.4.3 Dch v Multicast v Broadcast (MBS) MBS c h tr bi WiMAX di ng kt hp cc c im tt nht ca DVB-H, Media FLO v 3GPP E-UTRA v tho mn cc yu cu sau:

Tc s liu cao v vng ph s dng mng tn s n (SFN Single Frequency Network).

S phn b mm do cc ngun ti nguyn v tuyn Tiu th cng sut MS thp H tr casting-data, lung video v audio. Thi gian chuyn mch knh thp Profile WiMAX phin bn 1 xc nh mt tp hp MBS. Dch v MBS c th c h tr bi hoc xy dng mt vng MBS ring trong khung DL cng vi dch v unicast (MBS) hoc mt khung tng th c th c dnh cho MBS (ch c trong DL) cho dch

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht v broadcast standalone. Hnh 2.9 ch ra vic xy dng vng khi c vic trn gia dch v broadcast v unicast c h tr. Vng MBS h tr ch nhiu BS MBS s dng mng tn s n (SFN) v di mm do ca vng MBS cho php gn scalable cc ngun ti nguyn v tuyn ti lu lng MBS. N c rng nhiu vng MBS c th cng mm do. C mt vng MBS trn vng MBS. MS c th truy nhp DL MAP ti vic xc nhn ban u vng MBS v phn b MBS MAP trong mi vng. Sau MS c th c ln lc MBS MAP m khng tham chiu DL MAP tr khi s ng b ti MBS MAP b mt. MBS MAP IE ch ra cu hnh PHY vng MBS v xc nh s phn b ca mi vng MBS qua tham s offset k t OFDMA. MBS MAP c phn b ti knh con s mt ca k t OFDM s mt ca vng MBS. a BS MBS khng yu cu MS c ng k ti bt c trm gc no. MBS c th truy cp khi MS trong ch Idle cho php cng sut tiu th thp. mm do ca WiMAX di ng h tr MBS tch hp v dch v unicast cho php mt khong rng hn cc ng dng.

Hnh 2.10: H tr MBS nhng vi nhng vng WiMAX-MBS di ng 2.5 Cc vn v ph ca WIMAX di ng thu c li nhun tt nht t h thng WiMAX, cc n nh ph vi lu lng ln l ng quan tm nht. iu ny cho php cc h thng c trin khai theo kiu TDD vi di thng knh ln, s dng li tn s linh hot v s km hiu qu ca ph vi

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht tn s nh chp nhn cng tn ti m bo cho cc nh cung cp dch v c th hot ng cng nhau. Phm vi hot ng khc ca din n WiMAX l ang cng tc vi cc t chc tiu chun ton cu phn cp ph ca di tn s thp (<6 Ghz) l trung lp v ng dng v cng ngh. Hn na, s thc y chnh to ra s ha hp tt hn cho phn cp ph nh ti thiu s lng thit b cn thay i khi bao ph h thng ton cu. Hiu sut h thng s c pht trin bi din n WiMAX i vi chun giao din v tuyn 802.16e-2005 c mong i cp php trong di tn 2.3 Ghz, 2.5 Ghz, 3.3 Ghz v 3.5 Ghz. Bng tn 2.3 Ghz phn cho vng pha Nam Hn Quc cho dch v WiBro da trn cng ngh di ng WiMAX. Vi 27 Mhz ca ph dnh cho mi nh vn hnh, di tn ny c h tr trin khai TDD vi 3 knh trn mt trm gc v mt di thng knh nh l 8.75 Mhz. Dch v WiBro s ra mt trong nm 2006 vi cc sn phm theo chun WiMAX. Bng tn 2.5 ti 2.7 c dng cho cc dch v v tuyn c nh v di ng nc M. Bng tn ny cng ang l tim nng c s dng nhiu nc Nam M v Chu u cng nh vi nc vng Chu Thi Bnh Dng. Bng tn 3.5 Ghz c s dng cho cc dch v v tuyn c nh c s dng trn rt nhiu nc trn th gii v cng ph hp vi gii php WiMAX cho c dch v c nh v di ng. 2.6 Kin trc WiMAX end-end IEEE ch nh ngha cc lp vt l (PHY) v lp iu khin truy nhp phng tin (MAC) trong chun 802.16. Cch tip cn ny ph hp vi cng ngh nh Ethernet v WiFi da vo IETF thit lp cc tiu chun cho cc giao thc lp cao hn nh TCP/IP, SIP, VoIP, v IPSec. Trong truyn thng di ng khng dy, 3GPP v 3GPP2 thit lp cc chun vi a dng cc giao din v giao thc bi v cc t chc ny khng ch yu cu vic lin hot ng qua giao din v tuyn m cn lin kt hp lin mng v lin nh sn xut cho chuyn vng (roaming), mng truy nhp a nh sn xut, tnh cc lin cng ty. Cc nh sn xut v nh cung cp dch v ang nhn ra vn ny v ang hnh thnh cc nhm lm vic chung pht trin m hnh tham chiu mng chun cho cc giao din lin mng m. Hai trong s l nhm lm vic v mng ca din n WIMAX tp trung vo to c t mng mc cao cho cc h thng WIMAX c nh, di ng v xch tay theo tiu chun IEEE 802.16, v nhm lm vic cung cp dch v - ch yu l son tho cc d lut v dnh u tin gip cho nhm lm vic v mng.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Kin trc mng end-end WiMAX di ng c da trn nn tng IP, tt c l mch gi v khng tha k t mch thoi. N mang n cc u im v vic gim gi thnh tng th qua vng i pht trin mng WiMAX. S dng mng ton IP ngha l li mng chung c th c s dng, m khng cn thit duy tr c mng li knh v mng li gi. Mt li ch na ca mng ton IP l n thay th mng vi kh nng ca b x l v thit b tnh ton, c gi l lut Moore. Cc ci tin x l my tnh xy ra nhanh hn ci tin trong thit b vin thng bi v phn cng khng b gii hn bi vng trn thit b vin thng. Kt qu cui cng l mt mng c thc hin lin tc vi hiu sut lm vic cao hn em li thun li cho nh cung cp th 3 pht trin t truyn thng internet. Kt qu ny em li gi thnh thp hn, scalability cao v s trin khai nhanh do chc nng mng ca cc dch v da trn trn phn mm l chnh. trin khai h thng thng mi hot ng mt cch thnh cng, h thng phi c h tr cc ch tiu giao din v tuyn 802.16 (PHY/MAC). Phn chnh trong chng l s cn thit h tr mt tp hp li cc chc nng lin mng nh mt phn ca kin trc h thng WiMAX end-end tng th. Trc khi a ra chi tit v kin trc, chng ta u tin n vi nguyn l c bn c hng dn pht trin cho kin trc WiMAX. Kin trc c da trn khung chuyn mch gi, bao gm cc th tc c bn c da trn IEEE 802.16 v cc b xung, ph hp vi IETF RFC v chun Ethernet. Kin trc cho php tch kin trc truy nhp (v cc cu hnh c h tr) t kt ni dch v IP. Phn t mng ca h thng kt ni phi tun theo chun v tuyn IEEE 802.16 Kin trc cho php iu chnh linh hot cung cp mt khong rng cc tu chn trin khai nh l: Mng WiMAX kch thc nh n kch thc ln ( bao ph v tuyn tha tht ti dy c). Mi trng truyn sng v tuyn nng thn, thnh th v min ni. Giy php cung cp cc bng tn Cu hnh nhnh, phng, li v hn hp.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Cho php a dng cc m hnh s dng cho c nh, lu ng, portable, di ng. 2.6.1 H tr cc dch v v ng dng Kin trc end-end bao gm cc h tr cho: Thoi, dch v a phng tin v cc dch v bt buc khc nh l dch v khn cp.

C kh nng truy cp ti nhiu nh cung cp dch v ng dng c lp (ASP) Truyn thng thoi di ng s dng VoIP

H tr giao din vi a dng interworking v cc media gateways cho php phn pht cc dch v incumbent/legacy c dch qua IP (v d, SMS qua IP, MMS, WAP) ti mng truy nhp WiMAX. H tr s phn pht dch v IP multicast v broadcast qua mng truy nhp WiMAX. 2.6.2 Lin mng v chuyn vng Lin mng v chuyn vng l thnh phn quan trng ca kin trc mng end-end vi s h tr cho mt s lng cc kch bn dc trin khai. C th chng s h tr cho cc trng hp sau:

Lin mng vi cc mng khng dy tn ti nh 3GPP, 3GPP2 hay DSL, MSO vi giao din lin mng da trn tiu chun IETF ph hp vi cc giao thc Roaming ton cu thng qua mng WiMAX, bao gm cc tnh nng nhn thc v tnh cc

Nhiu nh dng kh nng nhn thc ngi dng nh l tn/ mt khu, chng ch s, m dun xc nhn thu bao (SIM), SIM universal, v m un xc nhn ngi s dng c th di chuyn c (RUIM). Din n WiMAX ang xc nh mt m hnh tham chiu mng WiMAX (NRM) i din cho logic ca kin trc mng. NRM xc nhn cc thc th chc nng v im tham chiu qua m kh nng lien hot ng t c gia cc thc th. Kin trc c pht trin vi mc tiu l cung cp s h tr duy nht cc chc nng c cn thit vi

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht mt khong m hnh trin khai mng v kch bn s dng (mt khong t c nh-lu ng-portable-di ng n gin v n di ng hon ton).

Hnh 2.11: M hnh tham chiu mng WIMAX Hnh v trn m t NRM, bao gm cc thc th logic sau: MS, ASN v CSN v im tham chiu xc nh r rng cho lin kt ni ca cc thc th logic. Hnh m t cc im tham chiu chnh R1-R5. Mi thc th, MS, ASN, v CSN i din mt nhm cc thc th chc nng. Mi mt chc nng c th c nhn ra trong mt thit b vt l n hoc c th c phn b qua cc thit b vt l. Nhm v phn b cc chc nng vo thit b vt l trong thc th chc nng (nh l ASN) l mt s tu chn; mt nh sn xut c th chn bt c vic thc thi chc nng vt l no, hoc ring r hoc kt hp, min l s thc thi t c yu cu lin hot ng. Mc ch ca NRM l phi cho php cc tu chn thc thi cho mt thc th chc nng c cho v t c s lin hot ng gia cc thc th chc nng khc nhau. Lin hot ng c da trn s xc nh v giao thc truyn thng v i x mt phng s

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht liu gia cc thc th chc nng t c cc chc nng end-end tng th, v d, An ninh v qun l di ng. Do , thc th chc nng trn mt mt ca im tham chiu i din cho mt tp hp cc im cui mt phng mang (bearer). ASN xc nh mt gii hn lo gic v i din mt cch tin cy m t mt tp hp cc thc th chc nng v tng ng vi lung bn tin c kt hp vi cc dch v truy nhp. ASN trnh by mt cn cho vic lin hot ng vi client WiMAX, chc nng dch v kt ni WiMAX v tch hp cc chc nng emboied bi cc nh cung cp khc nhau. nh x cc thc th chc nng ti thc th logic trong ASN nh c m t trong NRM c th c thc hin theo cc cch khc nhau. Din n WiMAX a ra cc ch tiu k thut mng m bo c a dng cc sn phm ca cc nh sn xut c th lin hot ng v c ph hp cc yu cu trin khai a dng. Mng dch vu kt ni (CSN) c xc nh nh l mt tp hp cc chc nng mng m cung cp cc dch v kt ni IP ti cc thu bao WiMAX. Mt CSN c th bao gm cc phn t mng nh l router, AAA proxy/Server, c s d liu ngi s dng v thit b gateway lin hot ng. Mt CSN c th c trin khai nh mt phn ca nh cung cp dch v mng WiMAX Greenfield (NSP) hoc mt phn NSP WiMAX incumbent. Hnh di y cung cp mt quan im c bn hn na v rt nhiu thc th trong nhm chc nng ASN v CSN.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 2.12: Cu trc mng WiMAX trn nn IP Cc ch tiu k thut mng cho h thng WiMAX c da trn vi nguyn l kin trc mng c bn, bao gm cc nguyn l c lit k di y.

Cung cp cc vn logc gia th tc v a ch IP, nh tuyn v th tc qun l kt ni v giao thc cho php s dng cc kin trc truy nhp c bn trong mt chui kch bn trin khai interworking v standalone H tr cho vic chia s ASN ca mt nh cung cp truy nhp mng (NAP) vi a nh NSP H tr dch v cung cp NSP n qua ASN-c qun l bi mt hay nhiu NAP H tr cho vic khm ph v la chn NSP c th truy nhp c bi mt MS hoc SS H tr NAP m trin khai mt hay nhiu cu hnh ASN H tr truy nhp ti cc dch v nh khai thc incumbent qua chc nng internetworking

Cc ch tiu k thut cho im tham chiu c xc nh r rng gia cc nhm khc nhau ca thc th chc nng mng (trong mt ASN, gia ASN, gia mt

- 51 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht ASN v mt CSN v gia CSN), v c th gia mt MS, ASN, v CSN cho php lin hot ng a nh sn xut.

H tr s pht trin gia cc m hnh s dng khc nhau ti cc gi s k thut c th v bt buc

Cho php nhiu nh sn xut khc nhau da trn s kt hp khc nhau cc thc th chc nng trn thc th mng lp vt l, min l s thc thi ny tun theo cc giao thc thng thng v cc th tc qua im tham chiu ng dng c th, nh c xc nh trong cc ch tiu k thut mng H tr kch bn thng thng nht ca mt nh cung cp dch v trin khai mt ASN cng vi mt tp hp gii hn cc chc nng CSN, m cc nh khai thc c th cung cp cc dch v truy cp internet c bn m khng cn xem xt n roaming v interworking. Kin trc WiMAX cng cho php c IP v dch v Ethernet, trong mng tun theo chun IP di ng. S mm do v lin hot ng c h tr bi mng WiMAX cung cp cho cc nh khai thc mng vi gi thnh thp ca a nh sn xut ca mng WiMAX thm chi vi s trin khai gia mng ASN tp trung v phn b trong mng. 2.6.3 Bo mt Kin trc mng WiMAX end-end c da trn an ninh mng m l agnostic ti cc kiu nh khai thc v cu hnh ASN v p dng qua m hnh trin khai internetworking v Greenfield v cc kch bn h tr. Trong thc t n c cc h tr:

Nht thc thit b mutual mnh gia mt MS v mng WiMAX, c da trn khung security IEEE 802.16 Tt c c ch nht thc c trin khai chung v nht thc ti nh v kch bn mng nh khai thc c da trn khung nht thc m rng v chc chn Tch hp s liu, bo v replay S dng c ch an ninh cho MS bt u/kt thc nh l mng ring o (VPN), c ch qun l a ch IP secure chun gia MS/SS v nh v NSP visited.

2.6.4 Tnh di ng v chuyn giao

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Kin trc mng WiMAX end-end c kh nng m rng h tr tnh di ng v handover. N s:

Chuyn giao cng cng ngh v chuyn giao gia cc cng ngh (nh:WIFI, 3GPP, 3GPP2, DSL hoc MSO) nu nh MS c h tr hot ng nhiu ch H tr IPv4 hoc IPv6 c da trn qun l tnh di ng. Trong khung ny, v nh c th, kin trc s m bo MS vi a a ch IP v kt ni IPv4 v IPv6 ng thi H tr chuyn vng gia cc NSP S dng c ch h tr chuyn vng seamless ti tc di chuyn ca phng tin - tho mn gii hn ngn dch v. Mt vi kh nng khc c h tr tnh di ng bao gm h tr: Cu hnh a ch mng tnh v ng S gn ng ca Home Agent trong mng nh cung cp dch v nh l mt dng ca vic ti u tuyn, cng nh mng IP nh nh mt dng ca vic cn bng ti. n nh ng ca Home Agent da trn cc c ch.

2.6.5 Kh nng m rng, vng bao ph v la chn nh khai thc. Kin trc mng WiMAX end-end c kh nng m rng linh ng v mm do. C th, n s: Cho php ngi s dng la chn hoc t ng hoc bng tay t NAP v NSP kh dng. Cho php thit k ASN v CSN m c th thay i quy m d dng-theo cc kha cnh bao ph, khong hoc kh nng m bo mt khong rng cc cu hnh ASN- bao gm hub v spoke, nhnh, lin kt ni multi-hop Tho mn mt khong rng cc lin kt backhaul, c v tuyn v hu tuyn vi s k tha khc nhau v cc c im thng lng H tr trin khai c s h tng ngy 1 phc tp

- 53 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht H tr s dng cc dc v IP m do tng s thu bao hot ng v dch v IP trn ngi s dng H tr s tch hp cc trm gc ca vng ph a dng v kh nng-v d, trm gc macro, mirco, pico v h tr tch v tch hp cc chc nng ASN trong trin khai mng ASN cho php s dng s cn bng ti cho vic s dng hiu qu ph v tuyn v cc ngun ti nguyn mng. Cc c im khc gn lin vi nng lc ca h thng v kh nng qun l ca kin trc mng WiMAX bao gm: h tr mt khong rng cc gim st client online v offline, v s qun l c da trn chun cng nghip IP, trin khai rng, m, b) kh nng dch v qua mi trng v tuyn (OTA) fho gim st u cui MS v nng cp phn mm.

2.6.6 Kh nng lin hot ng ca a nh sn xut Mt kha cnh quan trng khc ca kin trc mng WiMAX l h tr lin hot ng gia cc thit b t nhiu nh sn xut khc nhau trong mt ASN v qua cc ASN khc nhau. Nhng lin hot ng nh vy s bao gm cc lin hot ng gia: BS v thit b backhaul trong mt mng ASN, v nhiu phn t ASN (c th t cc nh sn xut khc nhau) v CSN, vi ti thiu hoc khng c s suy gim trong chc nng hoc kh nng ca ASN. Chun IEEE 802.16 xc nh a lp con hi t. Khung kin trc mng WiMAX h tr mt khong cc kiu CS bao gm: ethenet CS, IPv4 CS v IPv6 CS. 2.6.7 Cht lng dch v Kin trc mng WiMAX c mt kh nng h tr c ch QoS. C th, n cho php h tr mm do vic s dng ng thi mt tp hp a dng cc dch v IP. Kin trc h tr:

Tp hp QoS khc nhau (trn ngi s dng/u cui) hoc fine-grained (tng lung dch v trn ngi s dng/terminal)

iu khin phn quyn Qun l bng thng

- 54 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Thc thi cc chnh sch nh c quy nh bi cc nh khai thc cho cc SLA da trn QoS (bao gm bt buc cho mi user v nhm ngi s dng cng nh cc nhn t khc nh: nh v, thi gian

Cc ch tiu k thut mng WiMAX mm do cho php thc thi cc cu hnh mng dch v truy nhp khc nhau tn l profiles ASN, bao gm c kin trc tp trung cng nh phn b. Hn na, din n WiMAX ang pht trin mt khung lin hot ng trong Intra-ASN v lin ASN hot ng vi cc nh sn xut khc nhau c m bo.

CHNG 3: NG DNG TRIN KHAI WiMAX DI NG TRN MNG NI HT TI VIT NAM


3.1 Tng quan u nm 2006, B Bu chnh vin thng cp php th nghim trong 1 nm dch v WiMax c nh cho 4 doanh nghip gm: Viettel, VTC, VDC v FPT Telecom. K hoch l thng 4/2007, sau khi c bo co t nhng n v ny, B s la chn 3 nh cung cp chnh thc mng bng rng khng dy. Tuy nhin, vic cp php WiMax c nh vn cha c thc hin v nhiu l do. Cc doanh nghip khng nh kt qu th nghim rt kh quan. Trong khi , pha B nhn nh kh nng thng mi ca cng ngh ny th trng Vit Nam ph thuc phn ln vo gi c thit b u cui. Thi im kt thc th nghim (nm 2007), gi thit b cn cao v khng phong ph. Trong nm 2007, B Bu Chnh Vin Thng cp php cung cp dch v Wimax di ng. Wimax di ng mi l trin vng ln nht ca Wimax. Vi cng ngh ny, ngi dng u cui c th c s dng Internet tc cao ln n 1Mbps, ti bt k ni no trong vng ph sng bn knh rng nhiu km. Thit b u cui ca dch v Wimax di ng c th l cc card PCMCIA, USB, hoc c tch hp sn vo trong con chip my tnh (kiu nh cng ngh Centrino ca Intel).

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Bn doanh nghip vin thng Vit Nam c B TT-TT cp php cung cp dch v th nghim cng ngh Wimax di ng l: VNPT, Viettel, EVN Telecom v FPT Telecom. Thi hn c th nghim dch v trong vng 01 nm vi quy m khng qu 1000 thu bao. C th, Tp on VNPT c th nghim bng tn 2.5 GHz ti H Ni, TP.HCM v Nng. Viettel s dng bng tn 2.3-2.4 GHz ti H Ni v Thi Nguyn. EVN Telecom th nghim ti bng tn 2.3-2.4 GHz khu vc H Ni v ng Nai. FPT Telecom c th nghim cng ngh Wimax di ng bng tn 2.3-2.4 GHz ti H Ni v Hi Phng. Cc doanh nghip s c php th nghim ch yu cc loi hnh dch v vin thng bng rng. Wimax di ng ch yu cung cp dch v cho cc sn phm di ng nh: my tnh xch tay, in thoi di ng, PDA, thit b khng dy Vi Wimax di ng, ngi tiu dng c th truy cp Internet khng dy tc cao ln ti 1Mbps trong vng ph sng bn knh rng nhiu km. 3.2 Trin khai WIMAX di ng ca cng ty Vin Thng H Ni (HNPT) 3.2.1 Mc tiu trin khai Hin nay HNPT v ang trin khai cc dch v truy cp Internet bng rng qua cc h thng cp ng, cp quang nh: ADSL, Mega Wan, TSL v tin ti l mng MAN. ng trc yu cu ca th trng cn phi cung cp dch v truy cp Internet bng rng linh hot hn trin khai d dng, p ng nhanh chng v c kh nng tip cn c n cc khu vc, cc ta nh m mng ca HNPT cha trin khai c. p ng cc yu cu nu trn, trong giai on ti HNPT cn phi trin khai mt h thng truy cp v tuyn bng rng (Broadband Wireless Access) h tr v b sung cho cc h thng truy nhp bng rng hin c. 3.2.1.1 Yu cu v dch v cho h thng truy nhp v tuyn bng rng Sn sng cung cp ngay cc dch v: truy nhp Internet tc cao cho cc thu bao c nh v di ng (di chuyn vi tc < 40 km/h), lm backhaul cho cc im truy nhp WiFi hotspots. H tr trin khai mt s dch v trong thi gian ti: VoIP, kt ni E1, ng dng Video v Multimedia...

- 56 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht 3.2.1.2 i tng khch hng ca h thng truy nhp v tuyn bng rng Khch hng mt s khu th mi v mt s ta nh cao tng m mng cp do cc doanh nghip mi trin khai. Cc khu vc ngoi thnh kh trin khai mang cp hoc chi ph cho u t mng cp qu ln. Cc khch hng s dng dch v di ng bng rng 3.2.2 Qui m trin khai WIMAX di ng ti H Ni Trn c s cc khu vc cha c mng cp v trn c s h tng rt tt c ca VNPT, Vin Thng H ni xut trin khai dch v truy nhp Internet bng rng qua h thng WiMAX di ng vi mt s tiu ch nh sau : Ph sng cho ton b cc khu vc VIETTEL trin khai mng cp (khu M nh 1, Trung Ho - Nhn Chnh, khu Yn ho, khu Nam Trung Yn, khu ti nh c Cu Giy...). Qui m h thng mc ph hp nhm thm d th trng cng nh c thi gian nh gi v kim chng cng ngh WiMAX. H thng sn sng kh nng nng cp ln cc Version mi ca cng ngh WiMAX di ng v m rng dung lng khi c yu cu. Vi mc tiu c n nh sm tn s di 2.5 GHz.

- 57 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.1: S cc khu vc trin khai WiMAX di ng 3.2.3 Phi hp th nghim trin khai Wimax gia Motorola v HNPT Ni dung Bn xut Phi hp Th nghim Cng ngh (PTC) do Motorola xy dng dnh ring cho HNPT v vic cung cp v cho mn mt mng theo chun mng 802.16e ti gii tn 2.5GHz c cp php. Gii php ny khng ch l la chn thay th i vi knh thu ring hay cp quang truyn thng m cn m rng vng ph sng v dch v bng rng n cc th trng cha c phc v tt v cha c phc v. Motorola xy dng k hoch th nghim ny da trn vic tm hiu v cc mc tiu ca HNPT nhm cung cp dch v bng rng v tuyn ra th trng trn a bn H Ni. im duy nht ch c trong xut ca Motorola l cung cp trn gi theo hnh thc cha kha trao tay bao gm Mng truy nhp V tuyn/ Mng truy nhp dch v (gm cc im truy nhp AP, thit b u cui thu bao SM v CPE) v Mng dch v li (AAA, NMS, BRAS, SSGW, IMS,vv) cng vi h tr cc ng dng cho ngi s dng nh: im truy cp Internet, VoIP v Video. Gii php ny c tng sc mnh vi cc dch v chuyn nghip ca Motorola nh : quy hoch tn s v mng, Tch hp h thng, o to khch hng v Qun l trin khai.

- 58 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Mng th nghim c thit k nhm gip HNPT thc hin cc cng vic sau : Xc nh hiu nng h thng Xc thc tnh kh quan i vi cng ngh WiMAX di ng. C c nhng hiu bit thu o v sao cng ngh WiMAX di ng h tr v thc y ton din vic kinh doanh bng rng v tuyn ca HNPT Cng c nn tng ca vic kinh doanh bng rng v tuyn s dng cng ngh WiMAX di ng.

Hnh 3.2: Cu hnh sn phm Ultra Light 3.2.3.1 M t ULAP Wi4 ca Motorola M t cu hnh ULAP: ULAP c cu hnh sector ha 90 vi mt b phn tch hp RF

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.3 : Cu hnh sn phm ULAP Hnh trn th hin vic lp t trm c bn cho ULAP v module qun l nhm. ULAP v module qun l nhm c thit k lp t bn ngoi nh trm / ta nh nhm trin khai zero footprint vi chi ph thp.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.4: Framework qun l cc phn t ULAP

Hnh 3.5: Cu hnh cell in hnh (4 sector)

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Motorola cng cung cp module thu bao ULAP (SM) trin khai ngoi tri. Li th ca module thu bao (SM) treo rt thun li cho vic to ra mc tn hiu ln hn cho php vng ph sng rng v tc truyn d liu cao hn so vi vic trin khai trong nh. SM ngoi tri cng c cng RJ45 n ti my tnh khch hng hoc mng my tnh.

Hnh 3.6: Module thu bao ngoi tri

- 62 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Hnh v di y ch ra cu hnh cho h thng trm gc Motorola MOTOWi4 ULAP v v bng m t cc tnh nng ca n:

Hnh 3.7 : Cu hnh a sector ca ULAP

- 63 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Bng 3.1: Tng hp nhng c tnh k thut chnh ca ULAP

Kt qu m phng s dng b thu bao ngoi tri 3500 da trn cc thng s sau: Bng tn 2.5GHz, chia Uplink/Downlink l 75% / 25% Mc tiu dch v cell edge: 1.024 Mbps Downlink, Uplink 128kps (ph sng 90%) cao ngten ULAP tnh t mt t: 30m, cao b thu bao ngoi tri ULAP tnh t mt t : 7m. Kiu b m lu lng d liu ton phn (Video/ Audio Streaming). Da vo tc kt ni trung bnh ca 1 user qua 1 sector. rng bng thng ca knh 7MHz c h tr theo vic nng cp phn mm cho h thng Throughput ln nht ca mi sector >> dung lng trung bnh.

- 64 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Bng3.2: c tnh k thut v tuyn ca ULAP ng dng Kin trc trm chnh Di tn Knh bng tn Kin trc Mun h tr thu bao Cu hnh Tn s dng li Kch thc vt l im truy nhp Kch thc vt l n v iu khin Nhit vn hnh C nh v nomadic
Active RF Head vi PoE v kt ni s ti n v iu khin

2.300- 2.500 GHz 3.5 MHz (phn mm nng cp 7MHz) OFDM PHY v trc chun MAC (802.16e vi nng cp phn mm) 200 Mun th bao/im truy nhp Cu hnh t xa / phn mm OTA c th nng cp 4 sector: N=4 / N=2 Radio:1320 x 180 x 130 mm Trng lng: 7.5 kg CMM: 432 x 330 x 165 mm Trng lng: 11.3 kg Ngun: 305 x 152 x 102 mm Trng lng: 2.7 kg T -40C ti 55C nhit ngoi tri ModulationReceiver Sensitivity, Typical QPSK (3/4)-94.3 dBm 16QAM (3/4)-87.5 dBm 64QAM (3/4)-80.5 dBm 42 dBm EIRP = 25 dBm + 17 dBi (Sector n) EIRP c th thay i theo chc nng ca quy nh v yu cu mt n quang ph (khc nhau i vi mi quc gia) 90 to 264 VAC / 50-60 Hz AP:<45 Watts/ sector @ 55VDC CMM:100 Watts @ 55VDC CMM/AP T l in p ti a: 480 Watts @ 55VDC iu khin truyn ti in p t ng (ln ti-20 dB)

iu ch v m ha

in p ra ti a/sector (PA & Antenna) in p yu cu in p tiu hao Qun l cng sut

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Bng 3.3: c tnh k thut v tuyn ca ULAP (tip) Giao thc h tr IPv4, TCP, UDP, PPP, SNMP

H tr VLAN

802.1Q

Phn loi lu lng

Lp 2 IEEE 802.1p, IPv4 Diffserv (DSCP)

Authentication

RSA

QoS

2 mc

Bo mt CMM ti im truy nhp cp Giao din dy

DES v AES (Ty chn), FIPS Certified (cho AES)

Ethernet (Cng sut qua Ethernet) qua Cat-5

IEEE 802.3 (10/100 BT Ethernet)

Sn c

99.99+%

Regulatory Compliance

Yu cu ng dng bt buc Chng hn: ETSI EN302 021, 753; RoHS/WEEE My trit sng ty chn (nu cn)

Bo v ngun sng

DC ni t

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Bng 3.4: c tnh k thut anten ca ULAP Phn cc ha Mc thu ti thiu Gc phng vi rng chm 3 dB Mt chiu rng chm 3 dB Gc ngng in ca anten Elevation Null Fill in p vo ti a Tr khng u vo Gc phng vi Sidelobes Minimum Front-to-Back Isolation Phn cc cho ti thiu Cc gn vo phn cng Bo v ngun sng Dc 18 dBi 4 sector | 360o 7o 0o Xung -25o 45 W 50 Ohm ETSI EN 302 085 CS3 ETSI EN 302 085 CS3 ETSI EN 302 085 CS3 Tilt Mounting Kit for 2 to 4.5 ng knh cc DC ni t

- 67 -

Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Bng 3.5: Cc thng s k thut Module v Anten thu bao

ng dng

C nh v nomadic

Di tn

2.300 2.500 GHz

Bng thng ca knh

3.5 MHz (7MHz vi nng cp phn mm) OFDM / TDD (OFDMA vi nng cp phn mm)

Giao din kh

Kin trc

OFDM PHY v trc chun MAC (802.16e vi nng cp phn mm)

Cu hnh

Cu hnh t xa/ phn mm c th nng cp c

Kch thc vt l

254 x 355 x 76 mm

Trng lng

2.5 kg

Nhit vn hnh

-40C to 55C

Cng sut u ra ti a (PA and Antenna)

42 dBm EIRP = 25 dBm + 17 dBi (30o internal ant.) Actual EIRP thay i theo chc nng ca quy nh v yu cu mt n quang ph (c th tng quc gia)

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Bng 3.6: Cc thng s k thut Module v Anten thu bao (tip...) Tch hp, rng chm 3 dB vi gc phng vi khong 30o, v gc nng 40o, 17 dBi Gain Dc 90 to 264 VAC/ 50-60 Hz 55 VDC / 45 Watts H thng iu khin cng sut truyn t ng (ln ti 20 dB) IPv4, TCP, UDP, PPP, SNMP 2 levels DES and AES (optional), FIPS Certified (for AES) IEEE 802.3 (10/100 BT Ethernet) IEEE 802.1Q Xy dng trong tng la h tr ngi s dng 253 LAN NAT, DMZ Host IPSec, PPTP & L2TP Pass-Through Xy dng server DHCP cho ngi dng LAN DHCP client cho WAN Yu cu ng dng bt buc Chng hn: ETSI EN302 021,753; RoHS/WEEE. Cc my trit sng ty chn (nu cn)

Anten Phn cc ha in p yu cu in p tiu dng Qun l cng sut H tr giao thc QOS Bo mt Giao din LAN H tr VLAN Tng la Hm NAT VPN DHCP

p ng yu cu

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

3.2.3.2 Ni dung cng vic trin khai Ni dung cc cng vic trin khai bao gm: Ph chun thit k trm v nhng yu cu v in, c kh v dn dng i vi vic lp t phn cng ULAP trn mng. Thc hin nhiu Test truy nhp khc nhau bao gm kh nng kt ni v tuyn gia cc thnh phn mng ULAP khc nhau nh im truy cp, Module thu bao v CPEs. Thc hin kim tra di v s truyn sng xc nhn vng ph sng ngoi tri (trn thc t so vi phng on) cho nhng mi trng khc nhau ( th, th trn v nng thn). Thc hin kim tra throughput cng nhn cc cell v ngng dung lng mng. Thc hin cc Test nhiu thu bao v cc thu bao s dng ng thi cng nhn s hot ng ca mng trong nhng hon cnh khc nhau. Kim tra cc dch v thu bao khc nhau nh d liu, v tuyn, VoIP, v cc ng dng khc. Thu thp KIPs nh gi tr ca h thng, sa li, tc truyn d liu v thc hin cng phn tch d liu nh gi hiu qu ca gii php.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

3.2.3.3 S chung v mng ca ULAP WiMAX c trnh by trong hnh

Hnh 3.8: Cu hnh mng chung ULAP Cell ca ULAP s c kt ni vi im chuyn mch tp m im ny s kt thc ti mng d liu ca nh khai thc s dng backhaul hin c. Backhaul c th trn Canopy hoc trn bt k cng ngh no c h tr trn mng HNPT. Throughput thc t s ph thuc vo dung lng c phc v ca ULAP cell.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.9: Cu hnh mng

3.2.3.4 Cc thnh phn h thng v thit b kim tra c yu cu 4 sector MotoWi4 Ultra Light 3500Access Point 1 b 1 sector MotoWi4 Ultra Light 3500Access Point 2 b Thit b cung cp in ULAP 3 b Module thu bao ULAP MotoWi4 20 b Thit b cp ngun module thu bao 20 b Module backhaul Canopy v cp ngun v d liu 4 b

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Dng c treo cho Canopy Module backhaul 4 b C t nht 1PC demo vi Ethernet v dung lng d liu truyn dung kim tra. P3 vi 512M RAM hoc tng ng t nht 1 cp PC chy Linux Redhat WS 4.0 cho NMS Cc loi cp v chuyn i in CAT5 chun vi ni RJ45( chiu di cp khng qu 100m) cho mi ULAP v CPE. C thm t nht 1 cp cho mi thnh phn mng thm vo. B chuyn i in c th chuyn t cm tiu chun M sang tiu chun VN nu cn. Chuyn mch lp 3 vi cc cng 12 10/100 1 b Router VN v 100base T/100 base T mng 2-3 Linksys 8 port routers hoc c th tng ng. Cc PC c th chi cc tr chi ging nhau 2 b 3.2.3.4.1 Phn mm CNUT phin bn 4 chy phn mm Windows XP vi phin bn Runtime v PERL 5.8 hoc phin bn tt hn. H thng qun l thnh phn Prizm 20 bn quyn module thu bao H thng qun l v nhn thc bng thng (BAM) bn quyn my ch 2.0 Phn mm chy ULAP phin bn 8.0 Phn mm CPE ngoi tri phin bn 8.1 C s d liu C s d liu phn mm my ch MySQL ( gm Linux Redhat WS phin bn 4.0) Cng c

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Cng c nng cp CNUT Phn mm khch hng/my ch WinFTP

3.2.4 Cu hnh th nghim

Hnh 3.10: Cu hnh th nghim WiMAX di ng HNPT

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

3.2.4.1 Cc m hnh th nghim 3.2.4.1.1 Dch v d liu Bao gm cc bi th nghim PING, FTP, duyt Web Internet, Intranet

Hnh 3.11 Th nghim dch v truyn file FTP

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.12 Th nghim dch v duyt Web intranet

Hnh 1.3 Th nghim dch v duyt Web internet

Hnh 3.13 Th nghim dch v duyt Web internet 3.2.4.1.2 Dch v thoi trn nn IP

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Dch v VoIP d kin th nghim l dch v gi gia PC vi PC. Mc ch ca th nghim l xc nh kh nng h tr QoS ca ULAP i vi dch v nhy cm vi tr (thi gian thc).

Hnh 3.14 Th nghim dch v VOIP PC-to-PC

3.2.4.1.3. Dch v game tng tc

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.15 Th nghim dch v Game trc tuyn

3.2.4.1.4 Dch v mng ring o:

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.16: Th nghim dch v mng ring o VPN

3.2.4.1.5. Dch v cp pht a ch IP-DHCP Dch v cp pht a ch IP bao gm 2 bi th nghim:

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Th nghim vi SM l DHCP Server (s dng tnh nng built-in ca SM) Th nghim vi DHCP Server trong mng HNPT

Hnh 3.17: SM built-in DHCP Server

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

Hnh 3.18: External DHCP Server

3.2.4.1.6. Th nghim VOIP vi VOIP Server v Voice Gateway

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Mc ch ca th nghim l kim tra kh nng h tr ng dng VOIP client-server v kt ni lin mng PSTN lp mng li khi s dng lp mng truy nhp ULAP. Motorola s cung cp phn mng access l ULAP, HNPT s cung cp phn ng dng mng li gm VOIP Server v VOIP Gateway.

Hnh 3.19: Th nghim VOIP vi VOIP server (HNPT) v Voice Gateway (HNPT)

3.2.5 Kt qu th nghim trin khai Wimax di ng :

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht Qu trnh th nghim Wimax di ng vn ang c tin hnh. HNPT phi hp vi hng Motorola tin hnh lp t 4 trm BTS v tin hnh chy th vi cc i tng khch hng khc nhau. HNPT phi hp vi vin Khoa Hc K Thut Bu in, hng Motorola, hng Rohde & schawarz (cung cp my o kim) tin hnh o kim tra v nh gi cc th nghim . Cn c vo cc kt qu o kim v thc t trin khai, c th nh gi nh sau : t c mc ch ban u ca th nghim l cung cp dch v v tuyn bng rng cho cc a bn khc nhau trn thnh ph H Ni. Kho st c nhiu thng tin phn hi t pha khch hng. Nu vi thit b truy nhp qua card WiMAX th s c khong cch kt ni t 1,5 2 km trong iu kin kt ni khi di chuyn vi tc 40 km. Vi cc thit b truy nhp nh CPI th c th kt ni WiMAX tc cao tng ng vi cht lng ADSL khong cch 1 - 2 km tnh t trm BTS trong a hnh thnh ph.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

KT LUN
Sau mt thi gian nghin cu em a ra ci nhn tng quan v cc tiu chun cho Wimax v cc cng ngh iu ch. Qua thy c l trnh pht trin ca Wimax trong hng pht trin ti 4G. y, chng ta c th thy c mt cch tng qut v cng ngh Wimax di ng vi nhng c im ni bt ca n so vi cc cng ngh v tuyn bng rng khc. Thy r c lp vt l, lp MAC, nhng k thut c s dng lp MAC v PHY, kin trc mng Wimax di ng. Qu trnh gii thiu mt cng ngh mi y tnh hp dn vo th trng cng c kh khn ring v n cng gy ra rt nhiu kh khn cho cc nh cung cp dch v 3G khi mi bt tay vo trin khai. y cn l mt bi ton ln v mt kinh t k thut cha c gii quyt. Trong khi , c c s ng h mnh m ca cc tp on cung ng thit b vin thng ln, Wimax di ng cng c li th pht trin hn. S trin khai Wimax di ng Vit Nam cng nh mt vi nc trn th gii mi ch l bc u a Wimax di ng vo ng dng thng mi. S thnh cng ca n nh th no cn ty thuc vo chnh sch h tr ca mi nc. Hng nghin cu tip theo l lm r thm na mt s k thut c s dng lp MAC tng s h tr cho kh nng bo mt trong Wimax di ng, m hnh dch v nh th no. Em rt mong nhn c kin ng gp t pha cc thy c, cc bn sinh vin em hon thin hn na kin thc cho bn thn, phc v qu trnh hc tp, nghin cu sau ny. Mt ln na em xin cm n tt c cc thy, c gio v cc bn quan tm gip em trong qu trnh hon thnh ti.

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Nghin cu tiu chun 802.16e v ng dng trin khai trn mng ni ht

TI LIU THAM KHO


[1]. Applications_for_802[1].16-2004_and_802.16e_WiMAX_networks_final. [2]. Fundamental of WiMax Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking. Prentice Hall, 2007. [3]. IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitian Area Networks, IEEE Computer Society and the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society, Oct 2004. [4]. IEEE Std 802.16e-2005 and IEEE Std 802.16-2004/Cor 1-2005 (Amendment and Corrigendum to IEEE Std 802.16-2004), IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment 2: Physical and Medium Access Control layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed bands and Corrigendum 1, February 2006 [5]. Mobile Wimax-Part I: A Technical Overview and Performance Evaluation, Wimax Forum, June 2006. [6]. Mobile WiMAX - Part II: Competitive Analysis, WiMAX Forum, February, 2006 [7]. Understanding Wimax and 3G for Portable/ Mobile Broadband Wireless, Technical White Paper, Dec 2004. [8]. Bn phi hp th nghim cng ngh gia Motorola v Vin Thng H Ni. [9]. Quy hoch ph tn s v tuyn in Quc Gia- D tho ca b thng tin v truyn thng, 2007. [10]. Cc bi vit tham kho trn trang http://www.tapchibcvt.gov.vn

Cng Hng. OFDM-gii php a truy cp mi trong thng tin di ng Ngc Anh. Wimax di ng

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