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Posted on 27/04/2010 by BI TP HA HC Cu 1 : Cho hai nguyn t c cu hnh electron nguyn t l: + Nguyn t X : 1s22s22p63s2 + Nguyn t Y : 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2 - X v Y c thuc cng mt nhm nguyn t khng ? Gii thch - Hai nguyn t ny cch nhau bao nhiu nguyn t ho hc? C cng chu k khng?. Cu 2 :Nguyn t X chu k 3,nhm VA ca bng tun hon. a) Vit cu hnh electron ca X. b)Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t cng nhm thuc hai chu k k tip ( trn v di ) . Gii thch ti sao li vit c nh vy. Cu 3 : Cho nguyn t X c Z = 30 a)Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t X b)Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t cng chu k,thuc hai nhm lin tip (trc v sau) vi nguyn t X v hy gii thch v sao li vit c nh vy. Cu 4 : Cho hai nguyn t X v Y hai lin tip nhau trong mt chu k ca bng HTTH v c tng s proton bng 27. Hy vit cu hnh electron nguyn t v xc nh v tr ca chng trong bng HTTH. Cu 5 : Cho hai nguyn t A,B ng k tip nhau trong bng HTTH v c tng s n v in tch ht nhn l 37. a)C th khng nh A,B thuc cng mt chu k khng? Xc nh ZA ,ZB . b)Xc nh v tr ca A, B trong bng TH .Cho bit A,B l kim loi ,phi kim,hay kh him? Cu 6 : Cho 1,2 gam mt kim loi thuc nhm IIA trong bng HTTH tc dng vi HCl thu c 0,672 lt kh (ktc).Tm kim loi ,vit cu hnh electron nguyn t,nu r v tr trong bng HTTH. Cu 7 : Cho 0,78 gam mt kim loi nhm IA tc dng vi HCl thu c 0,224 lt kh thot ra (ktc).nh tn kim loi .

Cu 8 : Khi cho 5,4 gam mt kim loi M tc dng vi oxi khng kh thu c 10,2 gam 1 oxit M2O3. Tm tn kim loi M. Cu 9 : A l nguyn t chu k 3.Hp cht ca A vi cacbon cha 25 % cacbon v khi lng ,v khi lng phn t ca hp cht l 144 u.nh tn nguyn t A,cng thc phn t ca hp cht . Cu 10 : Mt nguyn t B to thnh 2 loi oxit c cng thc AOx v AOy ln lt cha 50% v 60% oxi v khi lng.Xc nh nguyn t B v cng thc phn t hai oxit. Cu 11 : Cho 8,8 gam hn hp 2 kim loi thuc hai chu k lin tip nhau v thuc nhm IIIA, tc dng vi HCl d th thu c 6,72 lt kh hiro (ktc). Da vo bng tun hon cho bit tn hai kim loi . Cu 12 : Hp cht A c cng thc MXx trong M chim 46,67% khi lng (M l kim loi, X l phi kim chu k 3). Trong ht nhn M c s ntron nhiu hn s proton 4 ht, cn X c s proton bng s ntron. Tng s ht proton ca A l 58. Xc nh M,X,A. Cu 13 : X v Y l 2 nguyn t u c hp cht kh vi H l XHa v YHa . Khi lng mol cht ny gp 2 ln khi lng mol cht kia. Khi lng phn t 2 oxit cao nht ca X v Y (X2Ob v Y2Ob) hn km nhau 34 u. a)X,Y l kim loi hay phi kim. b)Xc nh tn X,Y v cng thc phn t cc hp cht ca X,Y. Cu 14 : Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB32 bng 82. S ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t A nhiu hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t B l 8. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t A,B. Vit cu hnh electron ca 2 nguyn t A,B. Xc nh v tr nguyn t A v B trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc. Cu 15 : X,Y l 2 halogen (thuc nhm VIIA) 2 chu k lin tip . Ha tan 16,15 gam hn hp NaX v NaY vo nc sau cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu c 33,15 gam kt ta. Xc nh tn ca X,Y v phn trm khi lng mi mui trong hn hp u. Cu 16 : Hp cht M to thnh t cation X+ v anion Y3. mi ion u do 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t phi kim to nn.Bit tng s proton trong X+ l 11 v trong Y3 l 47. Hai nguyn t trong Y3 thuc 2 chu k lin tip c s th t cch nhau 7 n v. Hy xc nh cng thc ha hc ca M. Cu 17 : X,Y l 2 nguyn t cng 1 nhm A thuc 2 chu k k tip nhau trong bng tun hon.

Tng s ht proton, electron v ntron trong Y l 55 trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 1,75 ln. Hy xc nh s hiu nguyn t X,Y v s khi ca Y. Cu 18 : A,B,X l 3 nguyn t phi kim .Tng s ht proton, ntron,electron trong phn t AX2 l 52. S ht mang in ca AY2 nhiu hn s ht mang in ca AX2 l 28 ht. Phn t X2Y c tng s ht proton,electron v ntron l 28 trong s ht mang in bng 2,5 ln s ht khng mang in. a)Xc nh in tch ht nhn v s khi ca A,X,Y. b)Xc nh v tr ca A,B,X trong bng tun hon. Cu 19 : C hp cht MX3 trong : Tng s proton, ntron, elctron l 196. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60. S khi ca M nh hn s khi ca X l 8. Tng s proton, ntron, elctron trong X nhiu hn trong ion M3+ l 16. Xc nh v tr ca M v X trong bng tun hon Cu 20 : X,Y,Z l 3 nguyn t phi kim ln lt nhm VA, VIA, VIIA. Oxit cao nht ca X c s ht mang in gp 2,5 ln s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y. S ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Z nhiu hn ln s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y l 28. S ht mang in ca 3 nguyn t X,Y,Z bng s ht mang in ca oxit cao nht ca Y. Xc nh s th t ca X,Y,Z

Hc bng tun hon ha hc t phn mm PL Table

Th Nm, 14/07/2011, 09:06 CH | Lt xem: 357

Bi vit ny xin gii thiu vi cc bn mt phn mm nh gn (dung lng ch 1,33MB) gip n luyn kin thc v bng tun hon, l phn mm PL Table.
Hc bng tun hon ha hc Mendeleev l mt kin thc quan trng trong chng trnh ha hc ph thng. Cc bn hc sinh u phi hc v ghi nh phn kin thc ny mt cch chun xc. Bi nu ch sai mt cht kin thc nh v h thng tun hon l cc bn mt im trong cc bi kim tra ri. Thm na, trong cc k thi i hc, Cao ng nhng nm gn y, bng tun hon ha hc khng c mang vo phng thi v c coi l mt ti liu quan trng cho hc sinh n luyn. Chnh v th m hc sinh li cng phi ghi nh v hc thuc chnh xc lng kin thc quan trng ny. Bi vit ny xin gii thiu vi cc bn mt phn mm nh gn (dung lng ch 1,33MB) gip n luyn kin thc v bng tun hon, l phn mm PL Table. Cc bn c th tm hiu v download phin bn dng th ti a ch http://www.chemtable.com

1. Chc nng chnh ca phn mm PL Table: PL Table l mt bng tun hon ha hc a chc nng, l cng c tuyt vi cho hc sinh, gio vin v c nhng nh nghin cu ha hc

tm huyt. S dng bng tun hon s ha ny, cc bn s thy tht s thch th vi nhng thng tin m n em li cho ngi dng. Di y l mt s nhng chc nng quan trng ca phn mm ny: - Cung cp ton b thng tin trn mi nguyn t ha hc ca bng tun hon Mendeleev bao gm: nguyn t khi, s ion ha, tnh dn in, tnh khng in, mt phn t v thi im khm ph ca nguyn t . Vi mi nguyn t ha hc, s c trn 20 thng tin d liu. - Cung cp thng tin ca hn 890 ng v trong 111 nguyn t ha hc, bao gm cc ng v t nhin v ng v nhn to vi cc cht c chu k bn r v phn r. - C chc nng cn bng cc phng trnh phn ng ha hc phc tp v t ng kim tra cc phng trnh phn ng ny. - Tnh ton s liu ha hc nh: khi lng phn t hay tnh s mol ca cc cht tham gia phn ng. - Bn c th t b sung thm mt s thng tin cho mi nguyn t ha hc v gii thiu nhng thng tin ny trn bng tun hon. - Hin th hnh nh v cu trc phn t ca mi nguyn t ha hc trong bng tun hon. - Xc nh mc oxi ha ca mi nguyn t trong hp cht ca n. - Thit lp v hin th trn vn cc thng tin v tnh cht hot ng ca kim loi - Hin th bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc theo cc dng cu hnh khc nhau vi vic s dng cc kiu ty chnh v cch b tr mu sc khc nhau. y s l nhng tnh nng hu ch h tr cc bn rt nhiu khi n luyn ha hc. 2. Cch s dng phn mm

Sau khi ci t chng trnh, cc bn c th kch chn biu tng ca chng trnh trn mn hnh desktop TablePL Table.exe hoc vo Program filesPL

Giao din chnh ca phn mm s hin ra nh hnh v trn. T y, cc bn c th tm hiu v phn mm, cch s dng, cc tnh nng chnh h tr cho ngi dng. Cc bn c th thy r cc phn nhm chnh cc nhm IA, IIA l nhm cc kim loi kim, kim loi kim th, cc nhm kim loi chuyn tip, nhm Halogen, Trn giao din ca phn mm ny, cc bn s nhn thy thanh cng c

Trn thanh cng c c 4 i tng lnh l cc chc nng chnh ca phn mm, chng ta s ln lt tm hiu v cc lnh ny. The Periodic Table of Elements The Element Details The Chemical Equations Balancer The Chemical Calculator 2.1. The Periodic Table of Elements: Nt lnh hin th thng tin dng tng qut ca bng tun hon. Ti y, bn c th thay i cc dng hin th ca bng tun hon trong mc Current style vi cc s khc nhau nh: - Dng 8types.map: hin th theo 8 nhm cc nguyn t. - White.map: Bng tun hon di dng en trng. - Classic.map: Hin th theo kiu 18 ct v cc nhm s c chia ra lm cc phn nhm chnh v cc phn nhm ph

Legend: Ch thch cho cc nguyn t ca tng nhm trong bng tun hon.

2.2. The Element Details Ti phn ny, cc bn s c thng tin chi tit v cc nguyn t nh: 2.2.1. Thng tin chung (General) Hu ht cc thng tin ca mi nguyn t c gii thiu rt r rng v y ti y nh: Tn nguyn t, k hiu nguyn t , khi lng mol phn t, nhit si, nhit nng chy, tnh dn in, dn nhit, Cc thng tin ny u km theo cc hng s gi tr chun v thm ct n v ca n. T y ta s tip thu c cn c v chnh xc nhng thng s vt l ny, n s gip ch rt nhiu cho cc bn khi n luyn mn hc ny.

2.2.2. What, Where, When phn ny, cc bn s c bit thm cc thng tin v ngi khm ph ra cc nguyn t , thi gian cng nh a im tm ra nguyn t ny. c bit, cc bn cn c bit v hnh nh ca cu trc mng tinh th cng nh thng tin v opital nguyn t ca nguyn t .

2.2.3. Isotopes

Thng tin v ng v ca cc nguyn t s xut hin ti phn ny. y, phn mm s lit k tt c cc ng v nguyn t. Thng k v thng tin ca ng v xut hin trong t nhin, khi lng ng v, chiu quay ca cc electron, chu k bn r v phn r ca cc ng v.

2.2.4. Custom Data Ti y, bn c th b sung thm cc thng tin chi tit v cc nguyn t bng cch chn tng dng, kch chut phi v chn Custom Element Data

Mt ca s xut hin, sau , bn ch vic chn Add, v nhp d liu vo bng. 2.3. The Chemical Equations Balancer Chc nng ny rt tin li cho cc bn hc sinh nhng nn s dng chc nng ny sau khi cc bn t cn bng c phng trnh phn ng ca mnh. Vi cch thc ny, cc bn mi rn luyn cho mnh cch t cn bng c phng trnh phn ng. C nh vy cc bn s khng gp bt k s lng tng no trong cc bi kim tra hay thi hc k. V hy nn nh l khng nn lm dng chc nng ny cc bn nh. Cch thc thc hin vic vit phng trnh phn ng v cn bng phng trnh phn ng: Bn nhp phng trnh phn ng ti khung text nh hnh v bng cch nhp trc tip t bn phm hoc dng chut kch chn ln cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon, km theo cc du cng (+) v du bng (=)

cng cc s t 0 n 9. Nu nhp sai cc bn s dng nt Clear xa v nhp li phng trnh. Sau , ch cn kch nt Balance, phng trnh s t ng c cn bng bn th Balancing

2.4. The Chemical Calculator Phn mm h tr gip cc bn tnh s mol, khi lng phn t hay tnh s oxi ha ca cc nguyn t trong mt hp cht. Cch thc thc hin tng t nh vic cn bng phng trnh phn ng. - Tnh s mol: l bn phi nhp thng tin v cc cht hay nguyn t, kch nt Calculate. - Tnh khi lng phn t: Nhp hp cht phn t vo Compound, trong khung Weight, bn nhp khi lng (n v gam) (bn khung ny, bn phi nhp cc s bng bn phm). Sau , vic cn li l phn mm gip bn tnh ton.

- Tnh s oxi ha: Cch thc tin hnh tng t. Phn mm PL Table chnh l bn s ha ca Bng h thng tun hon Mendeleev vi nhng tnh nng hu ch. Hy vng vi cng c nh b nhng rt tuyt vi ny s gip ch nhiu cho cc bn hc sinh, cc thy c gio trong hc tp v ging dy mn ha hc.