GIA CNG BNH RNG TRN MY CNC

1. Bnh rng.

Bnh rng l c cu truyn chuyn ng quan trng trong mi kt cu c kh. Mt my hot ng c tt hay khng ph thuc rt nhiu vo h thng bnh rng. Mt cp bnh rng c nh gi hot ng tt l cp bnh rng truyn ng t s truyn, n khp m, khng ku. iu ph thuc vo vic gia cng bnh rng c chnh xc hay khng. Cc dng bnh rng gm bnh rng thng, bnh rng nghing, bnh rng cn. Trong ch to bnh rng cn l phc tp nht do nhng yu cu v gc cn. Kh nng gia cng bnh rng c phong ph hay khng ph thuc vo s trc ca my CNC. Cc dng hng d gp phi khi gia cng bnh rng: - S rng ct khng chnh xc. - Bc rng khng u. - Chiu cao v chiu dy rng khng chnh xc. - Profin rng khng i xng qua mt phng hng tm. - nhm b mt cao.

2. My CNC CNC Computer(ized) Numerical(ly) Control(led) ch cc my gia cng c iu khin bng my tnh. My c pht trin cui nhng nm 40 ca th k trc. u im: Chnh xc cao, kim tra c nhng sai st mc phi. Nng sut cao nh vo kh nng t ng ha, gia cng mt ln. Tch hp c vo cc h thng iu khin thun tin cho vic iu khin. Gia cng c nhng ng phc tp nh ng cong.

Nhc im: Gi thnh cao. i hi trnh lp trnh.

3. Gia cng bnh rng a/ Cc bc ch to bnh rng. - Ch to phi, s do xng ch to phi ph trch. - Gia cng bng phng php ct gt. - Gia cng tinh bnh rng. - Nhit luyn. - Kim tra. Trong bc quan trng nht l qu trnh ct gt v l bc to ra hnh th bnh rng. C hai phng php to hnh bnh rng l phng php nh hnh v phng php bao hnh. Phng php nh hnh l phng php m dao c bin dng ging bin dng rnh rng, qu trnh ct s din ra khng lin tc. Phng php bao hnh l phng php m dng c ct s ln trn vnh bnh rng gia cng, khi qu tch cc ng bao dng c ct s l profin bin dng bnh rng. Ngy nay phng php bao hnh c s dng ph bin do qu trnh ct din ra lin tc v khng c hnh trnh chy khng. Trong my CNC a s s dng cc phng php phay ln, phay nh hnh bng dao phay a. Ti liu s trnh by hai phng php phay ny. b/ Phng php phay ln. Cc phng php gia cng bnh rng l: phay ln, bo, xc, chut. Trong phng php phay ln rng l phng php ph bin hin nay nh vo nng sut cao, chnh xc cao (t c cp 4, 5). y l phng php gia cng theo nguyn l bao hnh. S n dao ca dao phay ln l lin tc, tt c rng ca bnh rng c gia cng lin tc nn khng cn c c cu phn . c im phng php ny l:

C tnh vn nng cao do mt dao c th thc hin nhiu loi bnh rng khc nhau. Nng sut gia cng cao. Cn khon thot dao ln nn khng gia cng c cc loi bnh rng bc. Dao phc tp kh ch to Phay ln bnh rng thng:

Chuyn ng bao hnh da trn s n khp ca bnh rng v dao. Cc chuyn ng gm c chuyn ng quay ca dao v phi, v chuyn ng tnh tin dc chiu di phi ca dao nhm ct ht bnh rng. Ch l khi phay bnh rng thng cn t nghing dao mt gc bng ng gc nng ng xon vt trn trc dao.

Phay ln bnh rng nghing

Tng t nh phng php phay bnh rng thng, tuy nhin m bo gc nghing ca bnh rng cn t dao nghing mt gc l: = 0 + d Trong : : Gc nghing thc t. 0: Gc nghing trn vng chia ca bnh rng gia cng. d: Gc nng vng chia ca dao. Bnh rng cn rng xon i vi bnh rng cn th duy nht bnh rng cn rng xon l c th gia cng theo phng php phay ln bao hnh. y l phng php gia cng lin tc vy nn nng sut cao. Hn na bnh rng cn rng xon c nhiu u im nh chuyn ng m, h s trng khp cao, truyn mmen xon ln, t t s truyn ln Nhc im l chu lc dc trc ln.

c/ Phng php phay nh hnh bng dao phay a S dng dao phay a c profin ging profin ca bnh rng. Cng vic gia cng thc hin trn my phay vn nng c phn . Vi bnh rng cn th s nghing mt gc bng gc cn chn rng.

Gia cng tng rnh rng mt, sau khi xong mt rnh phn s quay mt gc v gia cng rnh tip theo. c im phng php: t chnh xc thp (cp 7, 8). Kh khn trong vic xc nh v tr tng i gia dao v bnh rng. Nng sut thp nhng li tng i n gin. Thng gia cng vi b truyn bnh rng tc thp nh hn 5m/s.

4. Th trng my CNC gia cng bnh rng Th trng my CNC Vit Nam ang pht trin do s i hi ca vic nng cao k thut sn xut. Cng c nhng cng ty Vit Nam c th ch to c nhng my CNC ln, my 6 trc, my ct tc cao. Kh nng vn hnh c nng cao tuy nhin kh nng sa cha khi c s c l km, vy nn khi c s c my th thng phi thu chuyn gia nc ngoi. Bnh rng Vit Nam vn thng c gia cng trn cc my nh 5K32, my phay, bo, xc. l nhng my cng c chuyn dung, c gi thnh khng qu cao. Tuy nhin nhc im nhng my ny l i hi tay ngh th cao, khng linh hot trong s dng. Nhng cng ty chuyn sn xut bnh rng Vit Nam nh Mnh Quang, Thun Pht, Hi Nam vn ang s dng nhng my cng c nh th ny v cng p ng c kh nng gia cng ln n 1200 mm 250 mm Modul 15. Vic s dng my CNC Vit Nam s em li rt nhiu li th. Trc ht, gia cng mt bnh rng hon chnh l mt qu trnh di nhiu cng on, nu s dng cc my cng c th s rt kh to nn mt dy chuyn tng th thng nht. Vy nn to c h thng

sn xut linh hot FMS(Flexible Manufacturing System) tch hp CIM(Computer Intergated Manufacturing) th vic s dng my CNC l iu kin cn. Khi th kch thc bnh rng c ct gt s c truyn qua my tnh qua my mi la chn kch thc mi ph hp, gim thiu sai s tch ly. Hn na thi gian gia cng trn my CNC l rt nhanh. iu c ngha ln trn phng din kinh t khi c th nng cao nng sut. My CNC Vit Nam mi s dng ch yu trong vic ch to phi mu v gia cng mt s chi tit c bit yu cu chnh xc cao. Ch to bnh rng Vit Nam a s vn nh p ng nhng n hang n l. Vy nn vi mc ch ni a ha cc chi tit my th nn cng nghip sn xut bnh rng cn phi c u t pht trin. Trc ht l cn pht trin ngun nhn lc s dng my CNC, c th l pht trin trong cc trng hc. Vi i tng l trng hc, trng dy ngh th my s yu cu nhng ch tiu khc so vi nhng my sn xut cng nghip. Nhng my CNC s cn kch thc nh, a nng, khng cn chnh xc qu cao.