Cng sut chu ti ca cc loi dy cp in thng s dng cho nh

Mi c dy/ cp (tit din rut dn) v mi loi dy/cp c mc chu ti khc nhau. i vi mc ch
nh , hng dn ny a ra cc bng m t cng sut chu ti ca cc loi dy/cp nh di y.
Cng sut chu ti nu trong cc bng ny l ph hp vi nhit mi trng n 40 C v cng
xem xt n vn st p nhm m bo cht lng in sinh hot cho nh .

Bng 1: Cng sut chu ti ca cp Duplex Du-CV, Duplex Du-CX

Tit din rut dn Cng sut chu ti Chiu di ng dy Tit din rut dn Cng sut chu ti Chiu
di ng dy
3 mm2 5,5 kW 30 m 10 mm2 12,1 kW 45 m
4 mm2 6,8 kW 30 m 11 mm2 12,9 kW 45 m
5 mm2 7,8 kW 35 m 14 mm2 15,0 kW 50 m
5.5 mm2 8,3 kW 35 m 16 mm2 16,2 kW 50 m
6 mm2 8,7 kW 35 m 22 mm2 20,0 kW 60 m
7 mm2 9,5 kW 40 m 25 mm2 21,2 kW 60 m
8 mm2 10,6 kW 40 m 35 mm2 26,2 kW 70 m
Chiu di ng dy ngh s dng bng ny c tnh tan theo st p khng qu 5% iu
kin y ti.
i vi ngun 1pha 2dy, 220V, sau khi chn c tit din rut dn ph hp vi cng sut nhng
cha ph hp vi chiu di ng dy mong mun th ch vic tng tit din ln mt cp (v d tng
t 3mm2 ln 4mm2) v kim tra li theo cng thc di y (0,187 x P x L / S <= 11), nu tha mn th
tit din dy va tng ln l ph hp, nu cha tha mn th tng tit din rut dn ln mt cp
na v kim tra li nh trn cho n khi tha mn.
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5. Cch tnh ton v la chn dy dn

Tnh ton v la chn dy dn cn phi thc hin theo cc bc sau y.

- Xc nh ngun in s dng
- Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in
- La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh , bao gm ba bc nh:
+ La chn an dy ngoi tri
+ La chn an cp in k
+ La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy n tng thit b tiu th in.

5.1 Xc nh ngun in s dng

Cn c vo thit b in trong nh m ngi dng s dng l thit b 1 pha hay 3 pha, ng thi cng
phi cn c vo ngun cung cp ca in lc a phng mnh c nhng loi ngun in no. Hu
ht ngun in dng cho nh hin nay Vit Nam l ngun 1 pha 2dy.
Bc ny thng b ph thuc vo ngun cung cp tng a phng, nu ngi dng ch xi thit b
in 1 pha v ngun a phng ca in lc ch c 2 dy (1 nng, 1 ngui) hoc 4 dy (3 nng, 1
ngui) th ch c ngun 1pha 2dy (nh nu mc 1.1) l p dng c. Trong trng hp ny
vn c th chn ngun 1pha 3dy (nh nu mc 1.2) dng, nhng phi thit k thm h
thng ni t cho h thng in trong nh, pha sau ng h o in.
5.2 Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in
Thit b tiu th in l nhng thit b hat ng bng nng lng in. Cc thit b tiu th in
trong nh c th k ra nh: n in, qut in, ni cm in, bn i, t lnh, my git, l nng vi
sng, my iu ha nhit , my bm nc Trn mi thit b tiu th in, hu ht u c ghi tr s
cng sut, c n v l W (Woat) hoc kW (Kil-Woat) hoc HP (Horse Power- Sc nga). Mt cch gn
ng, c th xem tt c cc tr s cng sut ghi trn cc thit b l cng sut tiu th in. Tnh tng
cng sut thit b tiu th in l lit k v cng li tt c tr s cng sut ca cc thit b tiu th in
trong nh nhm xc nh cng sut tiu th in tng ca c ngi nh.
Khi gp cc n v cng sut khc nhau th quy i sang cng mt n v nh sau:
1kW = 1.000W
1HP = 750W
5.3 La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh
y l buc cui cng tm ra cc c dy cn phi dng. Ty theo cng sut chu ti ca tng nhnh
trong s in, ngi dng c th chn nhiu loi dy, c dy khc nhau.
*V d: Tnh ton la chn dy dn cho mt nh c th.

bi:
Cn tnh tan chn la dy dn cho h thng in ca mt ngi nh 1 trt 1 lu, i dy m tng,
khang cch t nh n li in a phng l 30m, tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in 1pha
220V, v c cng sut c nu trong bng sau.
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Bc 1: Xc nh loi ngun in s dng: V tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in 1pha, 220V

nn ta chn ngun in thng dng nht l ngun 1pha 2 dy.
Bc 2: Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in: Cng tt c cng sut ca cc thit b ca tng trt,
tng lu v cng sut tng ca c nh ta c s liu sau.
Tng cng sut tng trt: 7.470W
Tng cng sut tng lu: 3.335W
Tng cng sut c nh: 10.805W
Bc 3: La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh

La chn an dy ngoi tri

on dy ngoi tri l an dy dn in vo nh nn n phi chu c tng cng sut c nh l
10.805W. Tuy nhin, hu nh khng c thi im no m tt c cc thit b in trong nh hat ng
ng thi cng mt lc, cho nn ngi ta c th gim cng sut tnh tan xung cn khong 80% cng
sut tnh tan ri mi chn la dy dn theo cng sut c gim. Khi gim xung 80% nh vy
ngi ta c cch gi khc l chn h s ng thi (kt) = 0,8. Trong v d ny hng dn ny cng
chn kt = 0,8 v cng sut sau khi gim l:
P = 10.805 x 0,8 = 8644W = 8,644kW
on dy ngoi tri thng thng c s dng l loi dy Duplex rut ng, cch in PVC (Du-CV).
Cn c vo cng sut 8,644kW ta tra bng tm c (tit din rut dn) cp cho thch hp. Tra bng 1
(cp Du-CV v Du-CX), chn gi tr ln hn gn nht ta thy cp tit din rut dn 6mm2 c cng sut
chu ti ph hp. Chiu di lp t ca cp c tit din rut dn 6mm2 cho trong bng 1 cng tha
mn vi chiu di lp t m u bi yu cu l 30m, v vy ta c th chn on cp ngoi tri l cp
Du-CV 26mm2 hoc Du-CX 26mm2

La chn an cp in k
on cp in k ni t an dy ngoi tri vo n nh nn n cng phi c cng sut chu ti ln
hn hoc bng 8,644kW. Tra bng 2 ta thy cp K-CVV tit din rut dn 5mm2 hoc cp K-CXV tit
din rut dn 4mm2 l ph hp. on cp in k thng kh ngn (< 10m) nn khng cn quan tm
n in p ri theo chiu di. Nh vy, ngi dng c th s dng K-CVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2
x 4mm2.

La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy dn n tng thit b in

Ngi nh c tng trt v 1 tng lu, hai tng c cng sut tiu th khc nhau nhiu, do tit kim
ngi dng c th phn lm 2 nhnh. ng dy cho 2 nhnh ny ngi dng nn chn loi dy n
cng (VC).
Nhnh 1 cho tng trt:
Tng trt c cng sut tng l 7.470W = 7,47kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc thit b
khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut chn dy
dn l 7,47 x 0,8 = 5,976kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 4mm2 l ph hp, nh vy
ngi dng c th chn dy VC 4mm2 cho nhnh 1 (tng trt).
Nhnh 2 cho tng lu:
Tng lu c cng sut tng l 3.335W = 3,335kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc thit b
khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut chn dy
dn l 3,335 x 0,8 = 2,668kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 2mm2 l ph hp, nh vy
ngi dng c th chn dy VC 2mm2 cho nhnh 2 (tng lu).
Dy cho tng thit b:
Theo l thuyt th mi thit b c cng sut khc nhau s cn mt c dy khc nhau. Vic chn tng c
dy ring cho tng thit b nh vy c u im l tit kim c chi ph dy dn, nhng li rt phc
tp cho vic mua dy cng nh i dy, s phc tp ny nhiu khi cng rt tn km. V vy, khi trong
nh khng c thit b no c cng sut ln c bit th ngi dng c th chn mt c dy v dng
chung cho tt c cc thit b.
Cng sut s dng cc cm thng khng c nh, khng bit trc chc chn, v i khi c hai
hay nhiu thit b s dng chung mt cm, do , bm bo, ngi dng nn chn dy cho cm
hn mt cp so vi c dy d nh dng chung cho tt c cc thit b.
Ty theo cch lp t, ngi dng c th chn loi dy n cng hoc dy i mm, ngi nh trong v
d ny c yu cu i dy m tng nn ta chn dy n VC cho tt c cc thit b. Nhn vo bng cng
sut ta thy cng sut ca my iu ha nhit 1,5HP (1,125kW) l ln nht, tra bng 3 ta thy cp
VC tit din rut dn 0,75mm2 l ph hp, tuy nhin cn chn dy cho cm hn mt cp cho nn
ngi dng c th chn dy VC 1,0mm2 cho tt c cc thit b v cm.
Tm li: Cc loi dy, c dy c tnh ton la chn cho ngi nh trn nh sau:
- on dy ngoi tri: cp Duplex Du-CV 26mm2 hoc Duplex Du-CX 26mm2
- on cp in k: cp K-CVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2 x 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng trt: dy VC 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng lu: dy VC 2mm2
- Dy cho cc thit b in v cm: dy VC 1,0mm2
Ghi ch: Ngi dng c th la chn lp t cc loi dy & cp khng ch vi tit din rut dn ging
nh la chn trn.

6. Cc lu cho h thng in nh
- Nn chia ng in phn phi trong nh thnh nhiu nhnh thun tin cho vic ngt in khi
cn sa cha, thay th.
- Cc dy pha (dy nng) c cng mu v tt nht l mu , mu cam hoc mu vng. Khi c nhiu
nhnh i chung mt tuyn m kch c ging nhau th mu ca tng nhnh nn khc nhau d phn
bit.
- Dy cho h thng ni t nn c mu ring bit vi tt c cc dy khc v nn chn dy mu xanhsc- vng hoc vng- sc- xanh.
- Khi lun dy trong ng hoc trong np, phi chn kch thc ng, np rng sao cho d lun, d
rt m khng h hi n dy dn.
- Khng nn i dy ni m thp hoc qu gn cc ngun nhit, ha cht.
- Mi ni dy phi cht, tip xc tt khng gy ra m-ve nc la khi mang ti.
- Khng c ni trc tip rut dn ng v nhm vi nhau.
- on dy i trong ng khng nn c mi ni.
- Khng nn i dy m trong nn ca tng trt nu nn khng m bo c nh vi tng khi nn b
ln.
- Khng nn s dng dy c tit din nh hn 0.5mm2.

7. Nhng tc hi khi dng dy & cp in km cht lng

Khi rut ng km cht lng hoc khng tit din c th gy ra cc tc hi sau

- Dn in km, gy st p trn ng dy lm cho thit b hat ng khng hiu qu, tui th thit b
gim nhanh.
- Pht nng qu mc trn ng dy, gy h hi lp cch in, gy chm chp chy n.
- Rut ng km cht lng rt d gy, kh ni, kh lp vo cc ph kin in khc.

Khi lp cch in km cht lng c th gy ra cc tc hi sau

- Nt cch in, h rut dn, gy in git cho ngi.
- Rn nt cch in sau mt thi gian ngn, gy r in, tn tht in nng, chm chp chy n.
- Khng chu c nhit cho php ca rut dn, chy nho gy ra chm chp chy n.
- Khng t tt khi b pht chy bi tc nhn bn ngoi.
- Mt mu sau mt thi gian ngn, gy nhm ln cc dy vi nhau khi sa cha, thay th.

8. Nhng kinh nghim la chn dy din cho nh

Nhng kinh nghim c nu y ch yu hng ti cc loi dy dng trong nh (nh mc 3.1
cp).
Vi rt nhiu cc loi dy in trn th trng hin nay, tt c, xu c, tht c, gi c, thm ch c khi
gp dy chng c nhn mc, tn nh sn xut g c. V vy, mt ngi khng chuyn th vic la chn
dy no, nhn hiu no m c th tin cy c l mt vic khng d dng g. Bng mt vi kinh nghim
ca ngi bin son, hng dn ny a ra mt s khuyn ngh v nhng ch du hy vng rng
ngi dng c th trnh c cc sn phm dy/ cp in km cht lng.
- Khng nn chn dy khng c nhn mc trn bao b, khng c tn nh sn xut, khng a ch r rng.
- Khng nn chn dy m trn dy khng c cc thng tin c bn nh: nhn hiu, tn loi dy, tit din,
cu trc rut dn (s si v ng knh mi si), tiu chun sn xut.
- Dy tt thng c b ngoi ca v nha bng, lng.
- Lp nha cch in ca dy tt rt do, khi tut ra khi rut dn, c th ko gin gp i, gp ba
chiu di ban u m cha b t. Dy c th b gp nhiu ln hoc xon gt nhng b mt cch in
khng b rng nt.
- C th kim tra rut dn, bng cch m s si nh bn trong so vi s si c ghi bn ngoi.
ng knh ca cc si nh bn trong rt kh kim tra, v phi c thc chuyn dng mi o c.
Tuy nhin, vi mt thng hiu uy tn, trn dy c ghi c th cu trc rut dn (s si v ng knh
mi si) th c th tin tng c.
- Dy tt th c rut dn sng, bng, nu l dy ng th rut dn rt mm do. i vi dy rut dn
ng c nhiu si nh th c th dng hai ngn tay xon rut dn d dng m cc si nh khng bung,
khng gy, khng m vo tay. i vi dy rut dn c mt si th c th b gp rut ng n vi
chc ln m khng gy.
- Thng thng, dy tt c gi cao hn dy dm vi cng c loi.
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NH mi bin son mt cun ti liu nh c tn Hng dn la chn, s dng dy cp in

Thnh Pht trong xy dng nh . Thy n c tnh dn dng nn ngh cng cn dn ln y,
b con, ai c dng c th dng. Cun ny gm 20 trang c ba, kh 15x21cm, Cng ty in,
pht hnh v bt u pht cho khch hng vo u thng 5/2009. y ch trch dn phn
chnh ca tp ti liu, c b sung i cht cng nh thay i mt s im cho n c tnh
cng cng hn, do n c khc cht t so vi bn pht hnh. Dy v cp in no sn
xut tun th cc tiu chun thng dng cho cp in (v d TCVN, IEC, BS, JIS) th c th s
dng hng dn ny c. Hng dn ny chc cng khng trnh khi nhng hn ch nht
nh, rt mong nhn c kin ng gp ca cc bc n anh. Chn thnh cm n (NH).

HNG DN LA CHN DY CP IN TRONG XY DNG NH

Tnh ton la chn dy dn in cho nh l mt vic cn thit v quan trng, th nht l vn
an tan cho ngi v ti sn, th hai l tit kim (v c th trnh c vic phi tho ra lm li

khi thy khng ph hp). Hng dn ny trnh by mt cch ngn gn v vn ny, ng hu

gip cho ngi dng t tin v d dng hn trong vic la chn dy dn in cho nh . Trong
hng dn ny, cu trc v tn gi ca cc loi dy lp t trong nh (xem 3.3) c tham kho
theo tiu chun TCVN 2103; cc loi cp ngoi tri v cp in k (xem 3.1 v 3.2) c tham
kho theo tiu chun ca ngnh in lc cng nh cc nh sn xut cp uy tn Vit nam hin
nay.
Hng dn gm cc mc nh sau:
- Cc ngun in s dng cho nh
- Mt s cch i dy v loi dy tng ng, thng dng
- Cc loi dy dn thch hp cho nh
- Cng sut chu ti ca cc loi dy cp in thng s dng cho nh
- Cch tnh ton v la chn dy dn
- Cc lu cho h thng in nh
- Nhng tc hi khi dng dy & cp in km cht lng
- Nhng kinh nghim la chn dy in cho nh
1. Cc ngun in s dng cho nh
1.1 Ngun in 1pha 2dy (thng dng nht)
Ngun 1pha 2dy gm c 1 dy pha v 1 dy trung tnh (cn c gi l 1 dy nng v 1 dy
ngui). y l ngun in cho nh thng dng nht ti Vit Nam hin nay.
1.2 Ngun in 1pha 3dy
Ngun in 1pha 3dy gm c 1 dy pha 1 dy trung tnh v 1 dy ni t (cn c gi l 1 dy
nng, 1 dy ngui v 1 dy bo v). Vit Nam hin nay ngun in ny bt u p dng cc
ta nh cao tng, bit th, building, khch sn, cc ni c s dng cc my mc thit b quan
trng hoc cc nh cao cp hn.
1.3 Ngun in 3pha 4dy (t gp)
Ngun in 3pha 4dy gm c 3 dy pha v 1 dy trung tnh (cn c gi l 3 dy nng, 1 dy
ngui). Vit Nam hin nay ngun in ny t gp trong nh , tr khi ch nh c nh s
dng thit b in 3pha.
1.4 Ngun in 3pha 5dy (rt t gp)
Ngun in 3pha 5dy gm c 3 dy pha 1 dy trung tnh v 1 dy ni t bo v (cn c gi
l 3 dy nng, 1 dy ngui v 1 dy bo v). Vit Nam hin nay ngun in ny rt t gp
trong nh , tr khi ch nh c nh s dng thit b in 3pha v c yu cu thm v dy bo
v.
2. Mt s cch i dy v loi dy tng ng, thng dng

2.1 i dy ni: Dy & cp in c lun trong cc ng nha hoc np nha v c c nh

trn tng, trn nh. S lng dy trong ng cn xem xt sao cho ng qu cht c th rt
dy, lun dy khi cn thit sa cha thay th. Cc loi dy nh VCm, VCmd, VC l thch hp
cho cch i dy ni.
2.2 i dy m tng, m trn, m sn: Dy & cp in c lun trong cc ng nha (ng
trn khi i thng, ng rut g khi chuyn hng) t m trong tng, trn hoc sn nh. S
lng dy trong ng cn xem xt sao cho ng qu cht c th rt dy, lun dy khi cn thit
sa cha thay th. Cc loi dy nh VC, CV, CVV l thch hp cho cch i dy m.
2.3 i dy ngm: i vi cc cng trnh ngoi vi, khng dnh lin vi nh, dy & cp in c
lun trong cc ng nha cng hoc ng thp chu lc, khng thm nc v chn ngm di t
su khang 0,7mt. Cc loi cp c o gip thp hoc c bc kim loi th c th chn trc
tip trong t m khng cn lun trong ng. Cn thit phi chn cc loi dy/ cp c kh nng
chng thm nc, chng cn trng cho ng dy i ngm.
3. Cc loi dy dn thch hp cho nh
Theo thng l ca ngnh in lc cng nh thc t hin nay Vit Nam, hng dn ny chn
ngun in 1 pha 2 dy trnh by cho mc ch nh . Hng dn ny chia h thng dy
cho nh ra lm 3 phn v tng ng vi mi phn hng dn ny a ra cc ngh v cc
loi dy dn c th c dng nh sau:
3.1 on dy ngoi ng vo u nh (on dy ngoi tri)
on dy ny l dy ni t li in a phng vo n nh, thng thng on dy ny nm
han tan ngoi tri (ngoi tr mt s rt t nh s dng cp ngm th on dy ny c chn
di t). on dy ngoi tri ny c ngh s dng mt trong cc loi dy/cp sau y:
Cp
Duplex
rut
ng,
cch
in
PVC
(Duplex
Du-CV)
Cp Duplex Du-CV c 2 rut dn bng ng, rut dn l 1 si ng c hoc 7 si ng c
xon li vi nhau, mi rut dn c bc cch in PVC sau xon vi nhau. Cp in p ca
cp l 450/750V hoc 0,6/1kV.
Cp
Duplex
rut
ng,
cch
in
XLPE
(Duplex
Du-CX)
Cp Duplex Du-CX c 2 rut dn bng ng, rut dn l 1 si ng c hoc 7 si ng c
xon li vi nhau, mi rut dn c bc cch in XLPE mu en sau xon vi nhau, mt
trong hai li c gn ni phn bit pha. Cp in p ca cp l 0,6/1kV.

3.2 on dy t u nh vo in k (on cp in k)
on dy ny l dy ni t u cui on dy ngoi tri (c ni mc 3.1) n in k (ng
h o in nng tiu th). Thng thng on dy ny nm mt na dc theo tng, mt na
trong nh (v thng thng in k c t trong nh). on dy ny c ngh s dng mt
trong cc loi dy/cp sau y:
Cp
in
k
rut
ng,
cch
in
PVC
(K-CVV)
Cp in k rut ng cch in PVC cn gi l cp Muller rut ng cch in PVC, cp c 2
hoc nhiu hn 2 rut dn, rut dn l 1 si ng c hoc 7 si c xon li vi nhau, mi
rut dn c bc cch in bng vt liu PVC, mt lp bc lt PVC, mt lp bng nhm (
chng trm in) v lp v bc PVC bo v bn ngoi, cp in p ca cp l 450/750V hoc
0,6/1kV.
Cp
in
k
rut
ng,
cch
in
XLPE
(K-CXV)
Cp in k rut ng cch in XLPE cn gi l cp Muller rut ng cch in XLPE, cp c
2 hoc nhiu hn 2 rut dn, rut dn l 1 si ng c hoc 7 si c xon li vi nhau, mi
rut dn c bc cch in bng vt liu XLPE mu trng-trong (mu t nhin), mt trong hai
li c bng mu hoc sc mu phn bit pha, mt lp bc lt PVC, mt lp bng nhm (
chng trm in) v lp v bc PVC bo v bn ngoi, cp in p ca cp l 0,6/1kV.

3.3 Dy dn t in k n cc thit b tiu th in (dy dn trong nh)

Vit Nam, hu nh 2 on dy cp mc 3.1 v 3.2 u do ngnh in lc t la chn
v lp t nu ch nh khng c yu cu g ring. Cn cc dy dn t in k n cc thit b

tiu th in, hu ht l do ch nh t quyt nh lo liu, y l cng vic m hng dn ny cho

l ch nh cn thit phi quan tm. Cc dy dn ny c ngh s dng mt trong cc loi sau
y.
3.3.1 Dy n cng (VC)
Dy n cng (VC) l dy c rut dn l 1 si ng, bc cch in PVC. Cp in p ca dy l
600V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy n cng khng ch (LF-VC), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi trng
bng cch s dng vt liu PVC khng ch (LF-PVC), ph hp quy nh RoHS (Restriction of
Hazardous Substances) ca chu u.

3.3.2 Dy n mm (VCm)
Dy n mm (VCm) l dy c rut dn gm nhiu si ng c xon vi nhau, bc cch in
bng
vt
liu
PVC.
Cp
in
p
ca
dy
l
250V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy n mm khng ch (LF-VCm), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi
trng
bng
cch
s
dng
vt
liu
PVC
khng
ch
(LF-PVC).

3.3.3 Dy i mm dt (VCmd)
Dy i mm dt (VCmd) l dy c 2 rut dn, mi rut dn gm nhiu si ng xon li vi
nhau, 2 rut dn ny c bc cch in PVC v phn cch in ca 2 rut dn dnh vi nhau
to ra mt dy dt c 2 rut dn cch in song song vi nhau. Cp in p ca dy l 250V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy i mm dt khng ch (LF-VCmd), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi
trng
bng
cch
s
dng
vt
liu
PVC
khng
ch
(LF-PVC).

3.3.4 Dy i mm xon (VCmx)

Dy i mm xon (VCmx) l dy c xon li t 2 dy n mm (VCm) ring bit. Cp in
p
ca
dy
l
250V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy i mm xon khng ch (LF-VCmx), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi
trng
bng
cch
s
dng
vt
liu
PVC
khng
ch
(LF-PVC).

3.3.5 Dy i mm trn (VCmt)

Dy i mm xon trn (VCmt) l dy gm 2 dy n mm (VCm) ring bit c xon li
hoc t song song ri bc bn ngoi mt lp v bo v bng PVC. Dy ny cng c gi l
cp
CVVm.
Cp
in
p
ca
dy
l
250V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy i mm trn khng ch (LF-VCmt), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi
trng
bng
cch
s
dng
vt
liu
PVC
khng
ch
(LF-PVC).

3.3.6 Dy i mm van (VCmo)

Dy i mm van (VCmo) l dy gm 2 dy n mm (VCm) ring bit c xon li hoc t
song song ri bc bn ngoi mt lp v bo v bng PVC. Dy ny cng c gi l cp CVVm
van.
Cp
in
p
ca
dy
l
250V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy i mm van khng ch (LF-VCmo), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi
trng
bng
cch
s
dng
vt
liu
PVC
khng
ch
(LF-PVC).

3.3.7 Dy n cng, rut nhm (VA)

Dy n cng, rut nhm (VA) l dy c rut dn l 1 si nhm, bc cch in PVC. Cp in
p
ca
dy
l
600V.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy n cng rut nhm khng ch (LF-VA), khng tc hi cho con ngi v

mi

trng

bng

cch

dng

vt

liu

PVC

khng

ch

(LF-PVC).

3.3.8 Dy in lc rut ng, cch in PVC (CV)

Dy in lc rut ng, cch in PVC (CV) l dy c rut dn gm 7 (hoc 19) si ng xon
ng tm, bc mt lp cch in PVC. Cp in p ca dy l 450/750V hoc 0,6/1kV.
Ngoi ra, cn c Dy in lc rut ng, cch in PVC khng ch (LF-CV), khng tc hi cho
con ngi v mi trng bng cch s dng vt liu PVC khng ch (LF-PVC).

3.3.9 Cp in lc rut ng, cch in PVC, v bo v PVC (CVV)

Cp in lc rut ng, cch in PVC, v bo v PVC (CVV) l cp c 1 hoc nhiu li cp,
mi li cp c rut dn gm 7 (hoc 19) si ng xon ng tm v bc mt lp cch in PVC.
Cp CVV c mt lp v bo v PVC bn ngoi. Cp in p ca cp l 450/750V hoc 0,6/1kV.
Ngoi ra, cn c Cp in lc rut ng, cch in PVC khng ch, v bo v PVC khng ch
(LF-CVV), khng tc hi cho con ngi v mi trng bng cch s dng vt liu PVC khng

ch

(LF-PVC)

cho

cch

in

bc.

4. Cng sut chu ti ca cc loi dy cp in thng s dng cho nh

Mi c dy/ cp (tit din rut dn) v mi loi dy/cp c mc chu ti khc nhau. i vi mc
ch nh , hng dn ny a ra cc bng m t cng sut chu ti ca cc loi dy/cp nh
di y. Cng sut chu ti nu trong cc bng ny l ph hp vi nhit mi trng n 40
C v cng xem xt n vn st p nhm m bo cht lng in sinh hot cho nh .
Bng 1: Cng sut chu ti ca cp Duplex Du-CV, Duplex Du-CX
Tit din rut
dn
3 mm2
4 mm2
5 mm2
5.5 mm2
6 mm2
7 mm2
8 mm2

Cng sut
chu ti
5,5 kW
6,8 kW
7,8 kW
8,3 kW
8,7 kW
9,5 kW
10,6 kW

Chiu di
ng dy
30 m
30 m
35 m
35 m
35 m
40 m
40 m

Tit din rut

dn
10 mm2
11 mm2
14 mm2
16 mm2
22 mm2
25 mm2
35 mm2

Cng sut
chu ti
12,1 kW
12,9 kW
15,0 kW
16,2 kW
20,0 kW
21,2 kW
26,2 kW

Chiu di ng dy ngh s dng bng ny c tnh tan theo st p khng qu 5% iu kin y ti.

Chiu di
ng dy
45 m
45 m
50 m
50 m
60 m
60 m
70 m

i vi ngun 1pha 2dy, 220V, sau khi chn c tit din rut dn ph hp vi cng sut
nhng cha ph hp vi chiu di ng dy mong mun th ch vic tng tit din ln mt cp
(v d tng t 3mm2 ln 4mm2) v kim tra li theo cng thc di y, nu tha mn th tit
din dy va tng ln l ph hp, nu cha tha mn th tng tit din rut dn ln mt cp
na v kim tra li nh trn cho n khi tha mn.

Trong P = Cng sut tnh tan chn dy, kW

L = Chiu di ng dy mong mun, m
S = Tit din rut dn ca dy, mm2
Bng 2: Cng sut chu ti ca cp in k K-CVV, K-CXV

Tit din
rut dn
3 mm2
4 mm2
5 mm2
5,5 mm2
6 mm2
7 mm2
8 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

Cch in
Cch in
PVC(KXLPE(KCVV)
CXV)
6,4 kW
8,2 kW
7,6 kW
9,8 kW
8,8 kW
11,2 kW
9,4 kW
11,9 kW
9,8 kW
12,4 kW
10,8 kW
13,8 kW
11,8 kW
15,0 kW

Tit din
rut dn
10 mm2
11 mm2
14 mm2
16 mm2
22 mm2
25 mm2
35 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

Cch in
Cch in
XLPE(KPVC(K-CVV)
CXV)
13,4 kW
17,0 kW
14,2 kW
18,1 kW
16,6 kW
20,7 kW
17,8 kW
22,0 kW
22,0 kW
27,2 kW
23,6 kW
29,2 kW
29,0 kW
36,0 kW

Thng thng chiu di s dng Cp in k kh ngn nn khng cn quan tm n st p.

Bng 3: Cng sut chu ti ca dy VC, CV, CVV

Tit din rut dn
0,5 mm2
0,75 mm2
1,0 mm2
1,25 mm2
1,5 mm2
2,0 mm2
2,5 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

0,8 kW
1,3 kW
1,8 kW
2,1 kW
2,6 kW
3,6 kW
4,4 kW

Tit din rut dn

3 mm2
4 mm2
5 mm2
6 mm2
7 mm2
8 mm2
10 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

5,6 kW
7,3 kW
8,7 kW
10,3 kW
11,4 kW
12,5 kW
14,3 kW

Cng sut nu trong bng trn ph hp cho chiu di dy n 30m, vi st p khng qu 5% iu kin y ti

Bng 4: Cng sut chu ti ca dy i mm VCm, VCmd, VCmx, VCmt, VCmo

Tit din rut dn
0,5 mm2
0,75 mm2
1,0 mm2
1,25 mm2
1,5 mm2
2,0 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

0,8 kW
1,2 kW
1,7 kW
2,1 kW
2,4 kW
3,3 kW

Tit din rut dn

2,5 mm2
3,5 mm2
4 mm2
5,5 mm2
6 mm2
-

Cng sut chu ti

4,0 kW
5,7 kW
6,2 kW
8,8 kW
9,6 kW
-

Cng sut nu trong bng trn ph hp cho chiu di dy n 30m, vi st p khng qu 5% iu kin y ti

Bng 5: Cng sut chu ti ca dy VA

Tit din rut dn
1,0 mm2
1,5 mm2
2,0 mm2
2,5 mm2
3 mm2
4 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

1,0 kW
1,5 kW
2,1 kW
2,6 kW
3,4 kW
4,2 kW

Tit din rut dn

5 mm2
6 mm2
7 mm2
8 mm2
10 mm2
12 mm2

Cng sut chu ti

5,5 kW
6,2 kW
7,3 kW
8,5 kW
11,4 kW
13,2 kW

Cng sut nu trong bng trn ph hp cho chiu di dy n 30m, vi st p khng qu 5% iu kin y ti

5. Cch tnh ton v la chn dy dn

Tnh ton v la chn dy dn cn phi thc hin theo cc bc sau y.
- Xc nh ngun in s dng
- Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in
- La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh , bao gm ba bc nh:
+ La chn an dy ngoi tri
+ La chn an cp in k
+ La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy n tng thit b tiu th in.
5.1 Xc nh ngun in s dng
Cn c vo thit b in trong nh m ngi dng s dng l thit b 1 pha hay 3 pha, ng thi
cng phi cn c vo ngun cung cp ca in lc a phng mnh c nhng loi ngun
in no. Hu ht ngun in dng cho nh hin nay Vit Nam l ngun 1 pha 2dy.
Bc ny thng b ph thuc vo ngun cung cp tng a phng, nu ngi dng ch xi
thit b in 1 pha v ngun a phng ca in lc ch c 2 dy (1 nng, 1 ngui) hoc 4 dy
(3 nng, 1 ngui) th ch c ngun 1pha 2dy (nh nu mc 1.1) l p dng c. Trong
trng hp ny vn c th chn ngun 1pha 3dy (nh nu mc 1.2) dng, nhng phi
thit k thm h thng ni t cho h thng in trong nh, pha sau ng h o in.

5.2 Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in

Thit b tiu th in l nhng thit b hat ng bng nng lng in. Cc thit b tiu th in
trong nh c th k ra nh: n in, qut in, ni cm in, bn i, t lnh, my git, l
nng vi sng, my iu ha nhit , my bm nc Trn mi thit b tiu th in, hu ht
u c ghi tr s cng sut, c n v l W (Woat) hoc kW (Kil-Woat) hoc HP (Horse PowerSc nga). Mt cch gn ng, c th xem tt c cc tr s cng sut ghi trn cc thit b l cng
sut tiu th in. Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in l lit k v cng li tt c tr s cng
sut ca cc thit b tiu th in trong nh nhm xc nh cng sut tiu th in tng ca c
ngi nh.
Khi gp cc n v cng sut khc nhau th quy i sang cng mt n v nh sau:
1kW = 1.000W
1HP = 750W
5.3 La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh
y l buc cui cng tm ra cc c dy cn phi dng. Ty theo cng sut chu ti ca tng
nhnh trong s in, ngi dng c th chn nhiu loi dy, c dy khc nhau.
* V d: Tnh tan la chn dy dn cho mt nh c th.

bi:
Cn tnh tan chn la dy dn cho h thng in ca mt ngi nh 1 trt 1 lu, i dy m tng,
khang cch t nh n li in a phng l 30m, tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in
1pha
220V,
v
c
cng
sut
c
nu
trong
bng
sau.

Tng trt
Tn thit b/ Cng
sut
Bng n hynh
quang 1,2m/ 40W
n trang tr/ 20W
Qut in/ 100W
Ni cm in/ 600W

Tng lu
S
Tng cng sut Tn thit b/ Cng
lng
sut
8
40 x 8 = 320W Bng n hynh
quang 1,2m/ 40W
5
20 x 5 = 100W n trang tr/ 20W
4
100 x 4 = 400W Qut in/ 100W
1
600 x 1 = 600W My iu ha/ 1,5HP

Tivi/ 150W
u my + ampli/
150W
L nng vi sng/
1000W
Bn i/ 1000W

1
1

150 x 1 = 150W Tivi/ 150W

150 x 1 = 150W B my vi tnh/
500W
1000 x 1 =
My sy tc/ 1000W
1000W
1000 x 1 =
1000W

S
Tng cng sut
lng
5
40 x5 = 200W
3
3
1
1
1
1
-

20 x 3 = 60W
100 x 3 = 300W
1,5 x 750 x 1 =
1125W
150 x 1 = 150W
500 x 1 = 500W
1000 x 1 =
1000W
-

My iu ha/ 1,5HP 2
My git 7kg/ 750W 1
M-t bm nc/
1
750W

1,5 x 750 x 2 = 2250W

750 x 2 = 1500W 750 x 1 = 750W -

Bi gii:
Bc 1: Xc nh loi ngun in s dng: V tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in 1pha,
220V nn ta chn ngun in thng dng nht l ngun 1pha 2 dy.
Bc 2: Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in: Cng tt c cng sut ca cc thit b ca
tng trt, tng lu v cng sut tng ca c nh ta c s liu sau.
Tng cng sut tng trt: 7.470W
Tng cng sut tng lu: 3.335W
Tng cng sut c nh: 10.805W
Bc 3: La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh
La chn an dy ngoi tri
on dy ngoi tri l an dy dn in vo nh nn n phi chu c tng cng sut c nh l
10.805W. Tuy nhin, hu nh khng c thi im no m tt c cc thit b in trong nh hat
ng ng thi cng mt lc, cho nn ngi ta c th gim cng sut tnh tan xung cn
khang 80% cng sut tnh tan ri mi chn la dy dn theo cng sut c gim. Khi
gim xung 80% nh vy ngi ta c cch gi khc l chn h s ng thi (kt) = 0,8. Trong
v d ny hng dn ny cng chn kt = 0,8 v cng sut sau khi gim l:
P = 10.805 x 0,8 = 8644W = 8,644kW
on dy ngoi tri thng thng c s dng l loi dy Duplex rut ng, cch in PVC
(Du-CV). Cn c vo cng sut 8,644kW ta tra bng tm c (tit din rut dn) cp cho thch
hp. Tra bng 1 (cp Du-CV v Du-CX), chn gi tr ln hn gn nht ta thy cp tit din rut
dn 6mm2 c cng sut chu ti ph hp. Chiu di lp t ca cp c tit din rut dn 6mm2
cho trong bng 1 cng tha mn vi chiu di lp t m u bi yu cu l 30m, v vy ta c th
chn on cp ngoi tri l cp Du-CV 2x6mm2 hoc Du-CX 2x6mm2
La chn an cp in k
on cp in k ni t an dy ngoi tri vo n nh nn n cng phi c cng sut chu ti
ln hn hoc bng 8,644kW. Tra bng 2 ta thy cp K-CVV tit din rut dn 5mm2 hoc cp
K-CXV tit din rut dn 4mm2 l ph hp. on cp in k thng kh ngn (< 10m) nn
khng cn quan tm n in p ri theo chiu di. Nh vy, ngi dng c th s dng KCVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2 x 4mm2.
La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy dn n tng thit b in

Ngi nh c tng trt v 1 tng lu, hai tng c cng sut tiu th khc nhau nhiu, do tit
kim ngi dng c th phn lm 2 nhnh. ng dy cho 2 nhnh ny ngi dng nn chn
loi dy n cng (VC).
Nhnh
1
cho
tng
trt:
Tng trt c cng sut tng l 7.470W = 7,47kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc
thit b khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut
chn dy dn l 7,47 x 0,8 = 5,976kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 4mm2 l ph
hp, nh vy ngi dng c th chn dy VC 4mm2 cho nhnh 1 (tng trt).
Nhnh
2
cho
tng
lu:
Tng lu c cng sut tng l 3.335W = 3,335kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc
thit b khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut
chn dy dn l 3,335 x 0,8 = 2,668kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 2mm2 l
ph hp, nh vy ngi dng c th chn dy VC 2mm2 cho nhnh 2 (tng lu).
Dy
cho
tng
thit
b:
Theo l thuyt th mi thit b c cng sut khc nhau s cn mt c dy khc nhau. Vic chn
tng c dy ring cho tng thit b nh vy c u im l tit kim c chi ph dy dn, nhng
li rt phc tp cho vic mua dy cng nh i dy, s phc tp ny nhiu khi cng rt tn km.
V vy, khi trong nh khng c thit b no c cng sut ln c bit th ngi dng c th chn
mt
c
dy
v
dng
chung
cho
tt
c
cc
thit
b.
Cng sut s dng cc cm thng khng c nh, khng bit trc chc chn, v i khi c
hai hay nhiu thit b s dng chung mt cm, do , bm bo, ngi dng nn chn dy
cho cm hn mt cp so vi c dy d nh dng chung cho tt c cc thit b.
Ty theo cch lp t, ngi dng c th chn loi dy n cng hoc dy i mm, ngi nh
trong v d ny c yu cu i dy m tng nn ta chn dy n VC cho tt c cc thit b. Nhn
vo bng cng sut ta thy cng sut ca my iu ha nhit 1,5HP (1,125kW) l ln nht, tra
bng 3 ta thy cp VC tit din rut dn 0,75mm2 l ph hp, tuy nhin cn chn dy cho cm
hn mt cp cho nn ngi dng c th chn dy VC 1,0mm2 cho tt c cc thit b v cm.
Tm li: Cc loi dy, c dy c tnh ton la chn cho ngi nh trn nh sau:
- on dy ngoi tri: cp Duplex Du-CV 2x6mm2 hoc Duplex Du-CX 2x6mm2
- on cp in k: cp K-CVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2 x 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng trt: dy VC 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng lu: dy VC 2mm2
- Dy cho cc thit b in v cm: dy VC 1,0mm2
Ghi ch: Ngi dng c th la chn lp t cc loi dy & cp khng ch vi tit din rut dn
ging nh la chn trn.
6. Cc lu cho h thng in nh
- Nn chia ng in phn phi trong nh thnh nhiu nhnh thun tin cho vic ngt in
khi
cn
sa
cha,
thay
th.

- Cc dy pha (dy nng) c cng mu v tt nht l mu , mu cam hoc mu vng. Khi c

nhiu nhnh i chung mt tuyn m kch c ging nhau th mu ca tng nhnh nn khc nhau

d
phn
bit.
- Dy cho h thng ni t nn c mu ring bit vi tt c cc dy khc v nn chn dy mu
xanhscvng
hoc
vngscxanh.
- Khi lun dy trong ng hoc trong np, phi chn kch thc ng, np rng sao cho d lun,
d
rt
m
khng
h
hi
n
dy
dn.
- Khng nn i dy ni m thp hoc qu gn cc ngun nhit, ha cht.
- Mi ni dy phi cht, tip xc tt khng gy ra m-ve nc la khi mang ti.
- Khng c ni trc tip rut dn ng v nhm vi nhau.
on
dy
i
trong
ng
khng
nn
c
mi
ni.
- Khng nn i dy m trong nn ca tng trt nu nn khng m bo c nh vi tng khi nn
b
ln.
- Khng nn s dng dy c tit din nh hn 0.5mm2.
7. Nhng tc hi khi dng dy & cp in km cht lng
Khi rut ng km cht lng hoc khng tit din c th gy ra cc tc hi sau
- Dn in km, gy st p trn ng dy lm cho thit b hat ng khng hiu qu, tui th
thit
b
gim
nhanh.
- Pht nng qu mc trn ng dy, gy h hi lp cch in, gy chm chp chy n.
- Rut ng km cht lng rt d gy, kh ni, kh lp vo cc ph kin in khc.
Khi lp cch in km cht lng c th gy ra cc tc hi sau
Nt
cch
in,
h
rut
dn,
gy
in
git
cho
ngi.
- Rn nt cch in sau mt thi gian ngn, gy r in, tn tht in nng, chm chp chy n.
- Khng chu c nhit cho php ca rut dn, chy nho gy ra chm chp chy n.
Khng
t
tt
khi
b
pht
chy
bi
tc
nhn
bn
ngoi.
- Mt mu sau mt thi gian ngn, gy nhm ln cc dy vi nhau khi sa cha, thay th.
8. Nhng kinh nghim la chn dy din cho nh
Nhng kinh nghim c nu y ch yu hng ti cc loi dy dng trong nh (nh mc 3.1

cp).
Vi rt nhiu cc loi dy in trn th trng hin nay, tt c, xu c, tht c, gi c, thm ch
c khi gp dy chng c nhn mc, tn nh sn xut g c. V vy, mt ngi khng chuyn th
vic la chn dy no, nhn hiu no m c th tin cy c l mt vic khng d dng g. Bng
mt vi kinh nghim ca ngi bin son, hng dn ny a ra mt s khuyn ngh v nhng
ch du hy vng rng ngi dng c th trnh c cc sn phm dy/ cp in km cht
lng.
- Khng nn chn dy khng c nhn mc trn bao b, khng c tn nh sn xut, khng a ch
r rng.
- Khng nn chn dy m trn dy khng c cc thng tin c bn nh: nhn hiu, tn loi dy,

tit din, cu trc rut dn (s si v ng knh mi si), tiu chun sn xut.

- Dy tt thng c b ngoi ca v nha bng, lng.
- Lp nha cch in ca dy tt rt do, khi tut ra khi rut dn, c th ko gin gp i, gp
ba chiu di ban u m cha b t. Dy c th b gp nhiu ln hoc xon gt nhng b mt
cch in khng b rng nt.
- C th kim tra rut dn, bng cch m s si nh bn trong so vi s si c ghi bn ngoi.
ng knh ca cc si nh bn trong rt kh kim tra, v phi c thc chuyn dng mi o
c. Tuy nhin, vi mt thng hiu uy tn, trn dy c ghi c th cu trc rut dn (s si v
ng knh mi si) th c th tin tng c.
- Dy tt th c rut dn sng, bng, nu l dy ng th rut dn rt mm do. i vi dy rut
dn ng c nhiu si nh th c th dng hai ngn tay xon rut dn d dng m cc si nh
khng bung, khng gy, khng m vo tay. i vi dy rut dn c mt si th c th b gp
rut ng n vi chc ln m khng gy.
- Thng thng, dy tt c gi cao hn dy dm vi cng c loi.

Tit din dy dn c tnh ton da vo dng in v cng sut . i vi h thng in

220V, n gin trong tnh ton, cho php ly gi tr gn ng nh sau:
i vi dy ng:
Mt dng in ti a cho php J = 6A/mm, tng ng 1,3kW/mm, Dng in lm vic
(A) 2,5A/mm
i vi dy nhm:
Mt dng in ti a cho php J = 4,5 A/mm., tng ng 1 kW/mm.

V d:
1. Tng cng sut cc thit b in dng ng thi trong gia nh P = 3 kW. Nu dng dy ng
lm trc chnh trong gia nh th mi pha phi c tit din (s) ti thiu:
s=P/J
s = 3 kW/1,3 kW/mm = 2,3mm.
Vy tit din ti thiu ca dy in ng trc chnh trong gia nh l 2,3mm.
Trn th trng c cc loi dy c 2,5mm v 4mm. d phng pht trin ph ti nn s dng
c dy 4mm.

2. Dy nhnh trong gia nh (dy di ng) t cm in hoc cng tc in n n, qut, ti vi,

t lnh hoc cc thit b khc c cng sut di 1kW th nn dng ng lot 1 dy l dy sp
mm, tit din 2x1,5mm. Cc dy di ng dng cho bp in, l si c cng sut t 1kW
n 2kW nn dng loi cp PVC c 2 lp cch in, tit din 2x2,5mm m bo an ton c
v in v v c. i vi thit b

Cch s dng in La chn v s dng dy

dn in an ton
Th by - 19/09/2009 08:37

Cch s dng in La chn v s dng dy dn in an ton

c th la chn c dy dn in, ngi s dng nn xc nh r nhu cu s dng in ca
mnh. Sau , cn c vo nhu cu s dng m xc nh r cc thng s ghi trn dy in nh tit
din, li ng, s si ng, in p, dng in... ph hp. Nu chn dy dn c dng in nh
hn dng in ph ti s gy chy n, chp mch... Ngc li s gy lng ph.
K n, kim tra cht lng dy dn bng cch kim tra dy ng bn trong (nu li dy dn
c lm bng ng), dy ng cht lng tt th c mu vng , bng v mm. Ngc li, nu
dy ng km cht lng th c mu vng en v d gy khi b un cong. Ngoi ra, lp v nha
bn ngoi cng quan trng, nu nha tt th rt mm mi khi un cong, ngc li nu nha c
cht lng km th s gin v cng.
Mt khc, cch s dng cng rt quan trng. Ngi s dng cn ch khi ni hai dy dn in
th nn ni so le v dng bng keo in qun ng k thut; dng ng lun dy in chuyn dng
cho ngnh in lun dy in khi i dy in m tng hay m sn; khng dng dy dn in
c mang in lm dy phi hoc mc vo nhng vt dng khc; khng nn mc/mc hoc
kp dy in vo mt b mt khc bng inh tn: ko vt gy ma st c th lm hng phn v
bc cch in bn ngoi... v khi kim tra s c v in, i vi dy in lun m trong tng th
phi cn thn khi c tng. Trnh dng dng c c tng nh c kim loi, my khoan chm

vo phn dy in bn trong. Gp s c nh dy in b chy, chp mch... nn tt ngun in

ngay v gi th in c k thut x l.
Cch tnh ton v la chn dy dn

Tnh ton v la chn dy dn cn phi thc hin theo cc bc sau y.

- Xc nh ngun in s dng
- Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in
- La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh , bao gm ba bc nh:
+ La chn an dy ngoi tri
+ La chn an cp in k
+ La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy n tng thit b tiu th in.
5.1 Xc nh ngun in s dng
Cn c vo thit b in trong nh m ngi dng s dng l thit b 1 pha hay 3 pha, ng thi
cng phi cn c vo ngun cung cp ca in lc a phng mnh c nhng loi ngun
in no. Hu ht ngun in dng cho nh hin nay Vit Nam l ngun 1 pha 2dy.
Bc ny thng b ph thuc vo ngun cung cp tng a phng, nu ngi dng ch xi
thit b in 1 pha v ngun a phng ca in lc ch c 2 dy (1 nng, 1 ngui) hoc 4 dy
(3 nng, 1 ngui) th ch c ngun 1pha 2dy (nh nu mc 1.1) l p dng c. Trong
trng hp ny vn c th chn ngun 1pha 3dy (nh nu mc 1.2) dng, nhng phi
thit k thm h thng ni t cho h thng in trong nh, pha sau ng h o in.
5.2 Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in
Thit b tiu th in l nhng thit b hat ng bng nng lng in. Cc thit b tiu th in
trong nh c th k ra nh: n in, qut in, ni cm in, bn i, t lnh, my git, l
nng vi sng, my iu ha nhit , my bm nc Trn mi thit b tiu th in, hu ht
u c ghi tr s cng sut, c n v l W (Woat) hoc kW (Kil-Woat) hoc HP (Horse PowerSc nga). Mt cch gn ng, c th xem tt c cc tr s cng sut ghi trn cc thit b l cng
sut tiu th in. Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in l lit k v cng li tt c tr s cng
sut ca cc thit b tiu th in trong nh nhm xc nh cng sut tiu th in tng ca c
ngi nh.
Khi gp cc n v cng sut khc nhau th quy i sang cng mt n v nh sau:
1kW = 1.000W
1HP = 750W
5.3 La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh
y l buc cui cng tm ra cc c dy cn phi dng. Ty theo cng sut chu ti ca tng
nhnh trong s in, ngi dng c th chn nhiu loi dy, c dy khc nhau.
* V d: Tnh tan la chn dy dn cho mt nh c th.

 bi:
Cn tnh tan chn la dy dn cho h thng in ca mt ngi nh 1 trt 1 lu, i dy m tng,
khang cch t nh n li in a phng l 30m, tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in
1pha 220V, v c cng sut c nu trong bng sau.
Tng trt

Tng
lu
Tn thit b/ Cng
S
sut
lng
Bng n hynh quang 8
1,2m/ 40W
n trang tr/ 20W
5
Qut in/ 100W
4
Ni cm in/ 600W 1
Tivi/ 150W
u my + ampli/
150W
L nng vi sng/
1000W
Bn i/ 1000W

Tng cng sut Tn thit b/ Cng

S
sut
lng
40 x 8 = 320W Bng n hynh quang 5
1,2m/ 40W
20 x 5 = 100W n trang tr/ 20W
3
100 x 4 = 400W Qut in/ 100W
3
600 x 1 = 600W My iu ha/ 1,5HP 1

150 x 1 = 150W Tivi/ 150W

1
150 x 1 = 150W B my vi tnh/ 500W 1

1000 x 1 =
My sy tc/ 1000W
1000W
1000 x 1 =
1000W
1,5 x 750 x 2 = 2250W
750 x 2 =
1500W
750 x 1 = 750W -

My iu ha/ 1,5HP 2
My git 7kg/ 750W

M-t bm nc/
750W

Tng cng sut

40 x5 = 200W
20 x 3 = 60W
100 x 3 = 300W
1,5 x 750 x 1 =
1125W
150 x 1 = 150W
500 x 1 = 500W

1000 x 1 =
1000W
-

Bi gii:
Bc 1: Xc nh loi ngun in s dng: V tt c thit b in trong nh s dng in 1pha,
220V nn ta chn ngun in thng dng nht l ngun 1pha 2 dy.
Bc 2: Tnh tng cng sut thit b tiu th in: Cng tt c cng sut ca cc thit b ca
tng trt, tng lu v cng sut tng ca c nh ta c s liu sau.
Tng cng sut tng trt: 7.470W
Tng cng sut tng lu: 3.335W
Tng cng sut c nh: 10.805W
Bc 3: La chn dy dn cho tng phn ca nh
La chn an dy ngoi tri

on dy ngoi tri l an dy dn in vo nh nn n phi chu c tng cng sut c nh l

10.805W. Tuy nhin, hu nh khng c thi im no m tt c cc thit b in trong nh hat
ng ng thi cng mt lc, cho nn ngi ta c th gim cng sut tnh tan xung cn
khang 80% cng sut tnh tan ri mi chn la dy dn theo cng sut c gim. Khi
gim xung 80% nh vy ngi ta c cch gi khc l chn h s ng thi (kt) = 0,8. Trong
v d ny hng dn ny cng chn kt = 0,8 v cng sut sau khi gim l:
P = 10.805 x 0,8 = 8644W = 8,644kW
on dy ngoi tri thng thng c s dng l loi dy Duplex rut ng, cch in PVC
(Du-CV). Cn c vo cng sut 8,644kW ta tra bng tm c (tit din rut dn) cp cho thch
hp. Tra bng 1 (cp Du-CV v Du-CX), chn gi tr ln hn gn nht ta thy cp tit din rut
dn 6mm2 c cng sut chu ti ph hp. Chiu di lp t ca cp c tit din rut dn 6mm2
cho trong bng 1 cng tha mn vi chiu di lp t m u bi yu cu l 30m, v vy ta c th
chn on cp ngoi tri l cp Du-CV 2x6mm2 hoc Du-CX 2x6mm2
La chn an cp in k
on cp in k ni t an dy ngoi tri vo n nh nn n cng phi c cng sut chu ti
ln hn hoc bng 8,644kW. Tra bng 2 ta thy cp K-CVV tit din rut dn 5mm2 hoc cp
K-CXV tit din rut dn 4mm2 l ph hp. on cp in k thng kh ngn (< 10m) nn
khng cn quan tm n in p ri theo chiu di. Nh vy, ngi dng c th s dng KCVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2 x 4mm2.
La chn dy cho tng nhnh v dy dn n tng thit b in
Ngi nh c tng trt v 1 tng lu, hai tng c cng sut tiu th khc nhau nhiu, do tit
kim ngi dng c th phn lm 2 nhnh. ng dy cho 2 nhnh ny ngi dng nn chn
loi dy n cng (VC).
Nhnh 1 cho tng trt:
Tng trt c cng sut tng l 7.470W = 7,47kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc
thit b khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut
chn dy dn l 7,47 x 0,8 = 5,976kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 4mm2 l ph
hp, nh vy ngi dng c th chn dy VC 4mm2 cho nhnh 1 (tng trt).
Nhnh 2 cho tng lu:
Tng lu c cng sut tng l 3.335W = 3,335kW. Tng t nh cp trn, hu nh cc
thit b khng hat ng ng thi nn c th chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8, lc cng sut
chn dy dn l 3,335 x 0,8 = 2,668kW. Tra bng 3 ta thy dy VC tit din rut dn 2mm2 l
ph hp, nh vy ngi dng c th chn dy VC 2mm2 cho nhnh 2 (tng lu).
Dy cho tng thit b:
Theo l thuyt th mi thit b c cng sut khc nhau s cn mt c dy khc nhau. Vic chn
tng c dy ring cho tng thit b nh vy c u im l tit kim c chi ph dy dn, nhng
li rt phc tp cho vic mua dy cng nh i dy, s phc tp ny nhiu khi cng rt tn km.

V vy, khi trong nh khng c thit b no c cng sut ln c bit th ngi dng c th chn
mt c dy v dng chung cho tt c cc thit b.
Cng sut s dng cc cm thng khng c nh, khng bit trc chc chn, v i khi c
hai hay nhiu thit b s dng chung mt cm, do , bm bo, ngi dng nn chn dy
cho cm hn mt cp so vi c dy d nh dng chung cho tt c cc thit b.
Ty theo cch lp t, ngi dng c th chn loi dy n cng hoc dy i mm, ngi nh
trong v d ny c yu cu i dy m tng nn ta chn dy n VC cho tt c cc thit b. Nhn
vo bng cng sut ta thy cng sut ca my iu ha nhit 1,5HP (1,125kW) l ln nht, tra
bng 3 ta thy cp VC tit din rut dn 0,75mm2 l ph hp, tuy nhin cn chn dy cho cm
hn mt cp cho nn ngi dng c th chn dy VC 1,0mm2 cho tt c cc thit b v cm.
Tm li: Cc loi dy, c dy c tnh ton la chn cho ngi nh trn nh sau:
- on dy ngoi tri: cp Duplex Du-CV 2x6mm2 hoc Duplex Du-CX 2x6mm2
- on cp in k: cp K-CVV 2 x 5mm2 hoc K-CXV 2 x 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng trt: dy VC 4mm2
- Dy cho nhnh tng lu: dy VC 2mm2
- Dy cho cc thit b in v cm: dy VC 1,0mm2
Ghi ch: Ngi dng c th la chn lp t cc loi dy & cp khng ch vi tit din rut dn
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Language
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Khi Ngha,
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Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 3829 2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
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Language

Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi

Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829
2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
DY & CP H TH
A/ LA CHN DY & CP :
Khi chn cp, khch hng cn xem xt nhng yu t sau:
- Dng in nh mc
- st p
- Dng in ngn mch
- Cch lp t
- Nhit mi trng hoc nhit t
Dng in nh mc :
Dng in chy trong rut cp th s sinh nhit lm cho cp nng ln. Khi nhit cp vt qu mc cho php th phi
chn cp c tit din rut dn ln hn.
Cc bng v dng in nh mc v st p sau y da trn :
- Nhit lm vic cho php ti a ca rut dn.
- Nhit khng kh

- Nhit t
- Nhit tr sut ca t.
- su lp t (khi chn cp trong t)
- iu kin lp t
st p :
Mt yu t quan trng khc phi xem xt khi chn c cp l st p do tn hao trn cp.
st p ph thuc vo:
- Dng in ti
- H s cng sut
- Chiu di cp
- in tr cp
- in khng cp
IEE 522-8 quy nh st p khng c vt qu 2.,5% in p danh nh
Vi mch 1 pha 220V st p cho php 5.5V
Vi mch 3 pha 380V st p cho php 9.5V.
Khi st p ln hn mc cho php th khch hng phi chn cp c tit din rut dn ln hn.
I/ CP IN LC
I.1/ Cp cch in PVC
I.1.1/ Cp trn khng :
Thng s lp t :
- Nhit khng kh 300C

Nhit rut dn ti a khi cp ti dng in nh mc 700C

Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp rut ng CVV , cch in PVC, v PVC khng gip bo v, lp trn khng
Bng 1:

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cadivi@cadivi.com.vn

I.1.2/ Cp chn trc tip trong t :

Thng s lp t :
Nhit tr sut ca t :
1,2 0Cm/W
Nhit t
:
150C
su chn cp
:
0,5m
Nhit lm vic ti a ca rut dn l 700C
H s hiu chnh
Dng in nh mc ca cp chn trc tip trong t ph thuc vo nhit t v nhit tr sut ca t., h s ghp nhm,
h s iu chnh theo su t cp
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp CVV/DTA , CVV/WA rut ng , cch in PVC, v PVC c gip bo v,
chn trong t
Bng 2
1 li (Single core)
2 cp t cch khong 3 cp tip xc nhau theo hnh
3 l
Tit din
rut dn

Two cables spaced

Nominal
area of Dng in
conductor nh mc

mm2
1,5
2,5
4
6
10
16
25
35

st p

Approximate
Current volt drop per
ratings
amp per
metre
A
mV
33
32
44
20
59
11
75
9
101
4,8
128
3,2
168
1,9
201
1,4

2 li

3 v 4 li

Two core

Three and four core

Trefoil touching

Dng in
nh mc

st p

Current
ratings

Approximate
volt drop per
amp per metre

A
29
38
53
66
86
110
142
170

mV
25
15
9,5
6,4
3,8
2,4
1,5
1,1

Dng in
nh mc

st p

Dng in
nh mc

st p

Current
ratings

Approximate
volt drop per
amp per metre

Current
ratings

Approximate
volt drop per
amp per metre

A
32
41
55
69
92
119
158
190

mV
29
17
11
7,4
4,4
2,8
1,7
1,3

A
27
35
47
59
78
101
132
159

mV
25
15
9,5
6,4
3,8
2,4
1,5
1,1

50
70
95
120
150
185
240
300
400
500
630
800
1000

238
292
349
396
443
497
571
640
708
780
856
895
939

0,97
0,67
0,50
0,42
0,36
0,31
0,26
0,23
0,22
0,20
0,19
0,18
0,18

203
248
297
337
376
423
485
542
600
660
721
756
797

0,82
0,58
0,44
0,36
0,31
0,27
0,23
0,20
0,19
0,18
0,16
0,16
0,15

225
277
332
377
422
478
561
616
693
-

0,94
0,66
0,49
0,40
0,34
0,29
0,24
0,21
0,19
-

188
233
279
317
355
401
462
517
580
-

0,82
0,57
0,42
0,35
0,29
0,25
0,21
0,18
0,17
-

I.1.3/ Cp i trong ng n tuyn chn trong t:

Thng s lp t
Nhit tr sut ca t: 1,20Cm/W
Nhit t : 150C
su chn cp : 0,5m .
Nhit lm vic ti a ca rut dn l 700C

Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp CVV/DTA , CVV/WA rut ng , cch in PVC, v PVC, c gip bo v, i

trong ng n tuyn chn trong t
Bng 3
1 li (Single core)
2 cp : ng tip xc nhau 3 cp: ng xp theo hnh ba l tip
xc nhau
Tit din
rut dn

Two cables : ducts

touching

Nominal
area of
Dng in
conductor
nh mc

st p

2 li

3 v 4 li

Two core

Three and four core

Three cables: ducts trefoil touching

Dng in nh
mc

st p

Approximate
Approximate volt
Current volt drop per Current ratings drop per amp per
ratings
amp per
metre
metre

Dng in
nh mc

st p

Dng in
nh mc

st p

Approximate
Approximate
Current volt drop per Current volt drop per
ratings
amp per
ratings
amp per
metre
metre

mm2
1,5
2,5
4
6
10
16
25
35
50
70
95
120
150
185
240
300
400
500
630
800
1000

A
30
41
59
69
90
114
150
175
216
262
308
341
375
414
463
509
545
585
632
662
703

mV
34
22
12
10
5.0
3.4
2.0
1.4
1,0
0,76
0,61
0,54
0,48
0,44
0,40
0,37
0,34
0,32
0,30
0,28
0,27

A
28
35
48
60
84
107
139
168
199
241
282
311
342
375
419
459
489
523
563
587
621

mV
27
16
10.5
7.0
4.0
2.6
1.6
1.2
0,88
0,66
0,53
0,47
0,42
0,38
0,34
0,32
0,30
0,28
0,26
0,25
0,23

A
26
34
45
57
76
98
129
154
183
225
271
309
346
393
455
510
574
-

mV
29
17
11
7,4
4,4
2,8
1,7
1,3
0,94
0,66
0,49
0,40
0,34
0,29
0,24
0,21
0,19
-

A
22
29
38
48
64
83
107
129
153
190
228
260
292
331
382
428
490
-

mV
25
15
9,5
6,4
3,8
2,4
1,5
1,1
0,82
0,57
0,42
0,35
0,29
0,25
0,21
0,18
0,17
-

Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:
cadivi@cadivi.com.vn
Trang ch | S Website | Lin h
Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam Kz Khi
Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 3829 2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
I.2 Cp in lc cch in XLPE
I.2.1/ Cp trn khng:
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp CXVrut ng, cch in XLPE, v PVC, khng gip bo v, lp trn khng
Bng 4
Trang ch | S Website | Lin h
Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi
Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829
2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
I.2.3/ Cp i trong ng n tuyn chn trong t
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp rut ng, cch in XLPE, v PVC c gip bo v, i trong ng chn trong
t
Bng 6

Tit
din
rut
dn

Cp 1 li , gip si nhm
(Single core cable, Aluminium wire armoured )
2 cp : ng t tip xc 3 cp : ng t tip xc
theo hnh 3 l
Two cables: ducts
touching

Three cables : ducts

touching, trefoil

Cp nhiu li, gip si thp

( Multicore cable, Steel wire armoured )
Cp 2 li
Cp 3 hay 4 li

Two core cable

Three or four core Cable

Nom.
area
Dng
st p
Dng
st p
Dng
st p
Dng
st p
of
in nh
in nh
in nh
cond. in nh
mc
mc
mc
mc
Approximate
Approximate
Approximate
Approximate
volt drop per
volt drop per
volt drop per
volt drop per
Current amp per metre Current amp per metre Current amp per metre Current amp per metre
ratings
ratings
ratings
ratings
mm2
A
mV
A
mV
A
mV
A
mV
16
140
3.0
130
2.70
115
2.90
94
2.60
25
180
2.0
170
1.80
145
1.90
125
1.60
35
215
1.4
205
1.25
175
1.30
150
1.20
50
255
1.10
235
0.93
210
1.00
175
0.87
70
310
0.80
280
0.70
260
0.70
215
0.61
95
365
0.65
330
0.56
310
0.52
260
0.45
120
410
0.55
370
0.48
355
0.42
300
0.36
150
445
0.50
405
0.43
400
0.35
335
0.30
185
485
0.45
440
0.39
455
0.29
380
0.25
240
550
0.40
500
0.35
520
0.24
440
0.21
300
610
0.37
550
0.32
590
0.21
495
0.19
400
640
0.35
580
0.30
500
690
0.33
620
0.28
630
750
0.30
670
0.26
800
828
0.28
735
0.24
1000
919
0.26
811
0.22
Thng s lp t c s :
Nhit tr sut ca t : 1,2 0Cm/W
Nhit t : 150C
Nhit khng kh : 250C
su chn cp : 0,5m
Nhit lm vic ti a ca rut dn l 900C

II.1/ Cch in PVC:

Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp in k cch in PVC, v PVC- k hiu DKCVV
II.2/ CCH IN XLPE :
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp in k cch in XLPE, v PVC hoc HDPE k hiu DKCXV, DKCXE
Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:
cadivi@cadivi.com.vn
Trang ch | S Website | Lin h
Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi
Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829
2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
III/ CP IU KHIN :
III.1/ Cch in PVC:
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp iu khin, cch in PVC, v PVC-k hiu DVV
Bng 7

C cp
Conductor size

Dng in nh
st p
mc
Approximate volt drop per amp
Current ratings
per metre
mm2
A
mV
Cp trn khng ( nhit khng kh l 300C, nhit rut dn ti a l 700C)
In air ( ambient temperature 300C, maximum conductor temperature 700C)
1,5
18
25
2,5
25
15
4
33
9,5
6
42
6,4
10
58
3,8
16
77
2,4
III.2/ CCH IN XLPE
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp iu khin, cch in XLPE, v PVC-k hiu DXV
Bng 8
C cp
Conductor size

st p
Approximate volt drop per amp
per metre
mm2
A
mV
Cp trn khng ( nhit khng kh l 300C, nhit rut dn ti a l 900C)
In air ( ambient temperature 300C, maximum conductor temperature 900C)
1,5
22
27
2,5
31
17
4
42
10
6
54
6,8
10
74
4,1
16
99
2,6
Dng in nh mc
Current ratings

IV/ CP MULTIPLEX :
Dng in nh mc ca cp Multiplex, bc PVC hoc XLPE
Bng 9
C cp
Conductor
size
mm2

CV
A

Duplex
AV
CX
A

AX

CV

Triplex
AV
CX
A

AX

CV

Quadruplex
AV
CX
A

AX
A

4
6
10
16
25
35
50
70

37
47
65
87
114
140
189
215

52
70
91
112
151
172

49
63
86
115
149
185
225
289

68
92
119
148
180
230

33
43
59
79
104
129
167
214

47
63
83
103
133
171

45
60
80
110
135
169
207
268

62
78
105
125
150
185

31
41
56
76
101
125
151
192

44
61
80
100
120
153

40
56
76
108
130
164
202
262

58
78
105
125
150
185

Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:
cadivi@cadivi.com.vn
Trang ch | S Website | Lin h
Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi
Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829
2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
V/ DY IN LC
Dng in nh mc v st p ca dy in lc, cch in PVC hoc XLPE

Bng 10
Dy in lc bc
Dy in lc bc XLPE Nonsheathed,
PVC Nonsheathed, PVC insulated Cable
XLPE insulated Cable
CV
AV
CX
AX
C cp Dng in st p
Dng
st p Dng in st p Dng in st p
Conductor nh mc
in nh
nh mc
nh mc
size
Approximate mc
Approximate
Approximate
Approximate
Current volt drop per
volt drop per Current volt drop per Current volt drop per
ratings
amp per
Current amp per metre ratings
amp per
ratings
amp per
metre
ratings
metre
metre
mm2
A
mV
A
mV
A
mV
A
mV
1,0
15
38
20
40
1,5
20
25
26
31
2,5
27
15
36
19
4
37
9,5
49
12
6
47
6,4
63
7,9
10
65
3,0
52
86
4,7
68
16
87
2,4
70
3,9
115
2,9
92
4,8
25
114
1,55
91
2,5
149
1,9
119
3,1
35
140
1,10
112
1,8
185
1,35
148
2,2
50
189
0,82
151
1,35
225
0,87
180
1,4
70
215
0,57
172
0,92
289
0,62
230
0,98
95
260
0,42
208
0,67
352
0,47
281
0,74
120
324
0,35
259
0,54
410
0,39
328
0,60
150
384
0,29
307
0,45
473
0,33
378
0,49
185
405
0,25
324
0,37
542
0,28
430
0,41
240
518
0,21
414
0,30
641
0,24
512
0,34
300
570
0,19
456
0,25
741
0,21
592
0,29
400
660
0,17
528
830
0,195
500
792
0,16
633
905
0,180
630
904
0,15
723
1019
0,170
800
1030
0,15
824
1202
Nhit khng kh l 300C
Nhit rut dn l 700C
VI/ DY IN BC NHA PVC :
Dng in nh mc ca dy in bc nha PVC

Bng 11
Dy i mm, rut ng
Flexible Copper conductor PVC insulated wire

Dy n cng, rut ng hoc nhm

Solid Copper or Aluminium conductor PVC
insulated wire
S li Tit din Dy i Dy i mm trn, Tit din ng knh VC Rut
VA
mm dt, mm ovan, mm Nom. area
si
ng
Rut nhm
Num. of Nom.
area of mm xon
oval dt
core
of
Diameter of Copper Aluminium
conductor VCmd ,
VCmt , VCmo , conductor
wire
conductor conductor
VCmx
VCmod
mm2
A
A
mm2
mm
A
A
2
0,5
5
7
1
1,13
17
2
0,75
7
10
1,13
1,20
19
2
1,0
10
11
1,5
1,4
23
2
1,25
12
13
2,0
1,6
27
2
1,5
14
15
2,5
1,8
30
23
2
2,0
16
17
3
2,0
35
26
2
2,5
18
20
4
2,25
42
32
2
3,5
24
5
2,60
48
36
2
4,0
27
6
2,78
51
39
2
5,5
32
7
3,0
57
43
2
6,0
36
Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:
cadivi@cadivi.com.vn

Nhit khng kh 300c (Ambient temperature 300C)

Nhit rut dn ti a 900c ( Maximum Conductor temperature 900C)
I.2.2/ Cp chn trong t :
Dng in nh mc v st p ca cp CXV/DTA , CXV/WA rut ng, cch in XLPE, v PVC c gip bo v,
chn trong t

Bng 5
Cp 1 li , gip si nhm
(Single core cable, Aluminium wire armoured )

2 cp t tip xc trong
3 cp tip xc nhau theo
li in xoay chiu 1 pha
hnh 3 l , 3 pha
Tit
din
rut
dn
Nom.
area of
cond.

Two cables touching,

single-phase (ac)

Three cables trefoil

touching, 3-phase

Cp nhiu li, gip si thp

( Multicore cable, Steel wire armoured )

Cp 2 li , li in xoay
chiu 1 pha

Cp 3 hay 4 li

Two core cable ,

single-phase (ac)

Three or four core Cable

Dng
st p
Dng
st p
Dng
st p
Dng
st p
in nh
in nh
in nh
in nh
mc Approximate volt mc Approximate volt mc Approximate volt mc Approximate volt
drop per amp per
drop per amp per
drop per amp per
drop per amp per
Current
Current
Current
Current
metre
metre
metre
metre
ratings
ratings
ratings
ratings

mm2

mV

mV

mV

mV

16

142

2.9

135

2.57

140

2.90

115

2.60

25

185

1.88

172

1.55

180

1.90

150

1.60

35

226

1.27

208

1.17

215

1.30

180

1.20

50

275

0.99

235

0.86

255

1.00

215

0.87

70

340

0.70

290

0.61

315

0.70

265

0.61

95

405

0.53

345

0.46

380

0.52

315

0.45

120

460

0.43

390

0.37

430

0.42

360

0.36

150

510

0.37

435

0.32

480

0.35

405

0.30

185

580

0.31

490

0.27

540

0.29

460

0.25

240

670

0.26

560

0.23

630

0.24

530

0.21

300

750

0.24

630

0.21

700

0.21

590

0.19

400

830

0.21

700

0.19

500

910

0.20

770

0.18

630

1000

0.19

840

0.17

800

1117

0.18

931

0.16

1000

1254

0.17

1038

0.15

Thng s lp t c s
Nhit tr sut ca t : 1,2 0Cm/W
Nhit t : 150C
su chn cp : 0,5m
Nhit lm vic ti a ca rut dn l 900C

Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h

2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).

Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam Kz Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email: cadivi@cadivi.com.vn

Trang ch | S Website | Lin

h
Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K
Khi Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971
- 3829 2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
VII/ DY NG TRN XON C, DY NHM TRN XON A,AAC V DY NHM LI THP As,ACSR
+ Dng in nh mc ca dy ng trn xon C,dy nhm trn xon A , AAC
Bng 12
Tit din
Nom. area of
conductor

mm2
4
6
10
14
16
25
35
38
50
60
70
80
95
100
120
125
150
185
240
300
325
400
500
630

Dy ng trn xon C Dy nhm trn xon A

,AAC
Bare stranded copper
conductor
Bare stranded aluminium
conductor
Dng in nh mc
Dng in nh mc
vng n i
Current ratings
Temperate Current
ratings
A
A
50
70
95
120
130
105
180
135
220
170
230
182
270
215
305
225
340
265
377
276
415
320
450
340
485
375
500
390
570
440
640
500
760
590
880
680
943
710
1050
815
1254
980
1497
1170

800

1662

1330

+ Dng in nh mc ca dy nhm li thp - Tiu chun BS 215

Bng 13
K hiu
Code
name

Mt ct danh nh
nhm Nominal
aluminium area

Mole
Squirrel
Gopher
Weasel
Fox
Ferret
Rabbit
Mink
Skunk
Beaver
Horse
Raccoon
Otter
Cat
Hare
Dog
Hyena
Leopard
Coyote
Cougar
Tiger
Wolf
Dingo
Lynx
Caracal
Jaguar
Panther
Lion
Bear
Batang

mm2/mm2
10,62 /1,77
20,94 /3,49
26,24 /4,37
31,61/5,27
36,66 /6,11
42,41 /7,07
52,88 /8,81
63,18 /10,53
63,48 /37,03
74,82 /12,47
73,37 /42,80
79,20 /13,20
83,88 /13,98
95,40 /15,90
105,0 /17,50
105,0 /13,50
105,8 /20,44
131,3 /18,80
132,1 /20,09
130,3 /7,24
131,1 /30,59
158,0 /36,88
158,7 /8,80
183,4 /42,77
184,3 /10,24
210,6 /11,69
212,0 /49,49
238,5 /55,65
264,0 /61,60
323,0 /15,52

Nhm Al Thp St
Structure Structure

N0/mm
6/1,5
6/2,11
6/2,36
6/2,59
6/2,79
6/3,00
6/3,35
6/3,66
12/2,59
6/3,99
12/2,79
6/4,10
6/4,22
6/4,50
6/4,72
6/4,72
7/4,39
6/5,28
26/2,54
18/3,05
30/2,36
30/2,59
18/3,35
30/2,79
18/3,61
18/3,86
30/3,00
30/3,18
30/3,35
18/4,78

N0/mm
1/1,50
1/2,11
1/2,36
1/2,59
1/2,79
1/3,00
1/3,35
1/3,66
7/2,59
1/3,99
7/2,79
1/4,10
1/4,22
1/4,50
1/4,72
7/4,57
7/4,93
7/1,75
7/1,91
1/3,05
7/2,36
7/2,59
1/3,35
7/2,79
1/3,61
1/3,86
7/3,00
7/3,18
7/3,35
7/1,68

Dng in
nh mc
Current
ratings
A
67
109
126
134
147
161
185
174
246
193
268
231
240
248
273
278
287
316
311
314
323
355
349
386
383
415
421
448
481
510

Goat
Sheep
Antelope
Bison
Deer
Zebra
Elk
Camel
Moose

324,3 /75,67
374,1 /87,29
373,1 /48,37
381,8 /49,49
429,3 /100,20
428,9 /55,59
477,0 /111,30
475,2 /61,60
528,7 /68,53

30/3,71
30/3,99
54/2,97
54/3,00
30/4,27
54/3,18
30/4,50
54/3,35
54/3,53

7/3,71
7/3,99
7/2,97
7/3,00
7/4,27
7/3,18
7/4,50
7/3,35
7/3,53

542
592
588
595
639
635
679
677
763

+ Dng in nh mc ca dy nhm li thp - Tiu chun OCT 839- 89

Bng 14
M hiu dy dn
Code designation
AC-10
AC-16
AC-25
AC-35
AC-50
AC-70
AC-95
AC-120
AC-150
AC-185
AC-240
AC-300
AC-400

Dng in nh
mc
Current ratings
80
105
130
175
210
265
330
380
445
510
610
690
835

+ Dng in nh mc ca dy nhm li thp - Tiu chun ASTM 232

Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:
cadivi@cadivi.com.vn

Trang ch | S Website | Lin h

Language
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K
Khi Ngha,
Qun 1, Thnh ph H Ch Minh.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 3829 2972.
Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437.

HNG DN LA CHN
DY & CP H TH
Bng 15
K hiu
Code
designation
Turkey
Swan
Swanate
Sparrow
Sparate
Robin
Raven
Quail
Pigeon
Penguin
waxwing
Partridge
Ostrich
Merlin
Linnet
Oriole
Chickade

Mt ct danh nh
Nominal area

Nhm Al
Structure

Thp St
Structure

mm2 /mm2
13.30
/2.22
5.91
/0.99
21.12
/3.02
33.59
/5.60
33.54
/4.79
42.41
/7.07
53.52
/8.92
67.33
/11.22
85.12
/14.19
107.22
/17.87
134.98
/7.50
134.87
/21.99
152.19
/24.71
170.22
/9.46
170.55
/27.83
170.50
/39.78

No/mm
6/1.68
6/1.12
7/1.96
6/2.67
7/2.47
6/3.00
6/3.37
6/3.78
6/4.25
6/4.77
18/3.09
26/2.57
26/2.73
18/3.47
26/2.89
30/2.69

No/mm
1/1.68
1/1.12
1/1.96
1/2.67
1/2.47
1/3.00
1/3.37
1/3.78
1/4.25
1/4.77
1/3.09
7/2.00
7/2.12
1/3.47
7/2.25
7/2.69

200.93

/11.16

18/3.77

Dng in nh
mc
Current rating
A
104
139
139
183
184
210
240
275
316
360
448
457
492
518
528
534
1/3.77

575

Brant
lbis
Lark
Pelican
Flicker
Hawk
Hen
Osprey
Parackeet
Dove
Eagle
Peacok
Squab
Woodduck
Teal
Kingbird
Rook
Grosbeak
Scoter
Egret
K hiu
Code designation
Swift
Flamingo
Gannet
Stilt
Starling
Redwing
Tern
Condor
Cuckoo
Drake
Coot
Mallard
Ruddy
Canary
Rail
Catbird
Cardinal

201.56
201.34
200.90
242.31
241.58
241.65
241.27
308.32
282.31
282.59
282.07
306.13
305.83
307.06
307.06
323.01
323.07
321.84
322.56
322.56

/26.13
/32.73
/46.88
/13.46
/31.40
/39.19
/56.30
/15.69
/36.60
/45.92
/65.82
/39.78
/49.81
/71.65
/69.62
/17.95
/41.88
/52.49
/75.26
/73.54

Mt ct danh nh
Nominal area
mm2
/mm2
323.02
/8.97
337.27
/43.72
338.26
/54.90
363.27
/46.88
361.93
/59.15
362.06
/82.41
403.77
/27.83
402.33
/52.15
402.33
/52.15
402.56
/65.44
401.86
/11.16
403.84
/91.78
455.50
/31.67
456.28
/59.15
483.84
/33.54
484.61
/13.46
484.53
/62.81

Nhm Al
Structure
No/mm
36/3.38
24/4.23
26/4.07
24/4.39
26/4.21
30/3.92
45/3.38
54/3.08
24/4.62
26/4.44
36/3.77
30/4.14
45/3.59
54/3.28
45/3.70
36/4.14
54/3.38

24/3.27
26/3.14
30/2.92
18/4.14
24/3.58
26/3.44
30/3.20
18/4.67
24/3.87
26/3.72
30/3.46
24/4.03
26/3.87
30/3.61
30/3.61
18/4.78
24/4.14
26/3.973
30/3.70
30/3.70
Thp St
Structure
A
1/3.38
7/2.82
7/3.16
7/2.92
7/3.28
19/2.35
7/2.25
7/3.08
7/3.08
7/3.45
1/3.77
19/2.48
7/2.40
7/3.28
7/2.47
1/4.14
7/3.38

7/2.18
7/2.44
7/2.92
1/4.14
7/2.39
7/2.67
7/3.20
1/4.47
7/2.58
7/2.89
7/3.46
7/2.69
7/3.01
7/3.61
19/2.16
1/4.78
7/2.76
7/3.09
7/3.70
19/2.22

578
586
593
644
654
658
665
708
718
725
732
757
762
769
772
778
782
787
792
797

Dng in nh mc
Current rating
mm2
784
805
809
845
847
858
875
881
894
903
905
913
918
926
953
972
960

Ortan
Tanger
Curlew
Bluejay
Finch
Bunting
Grackle
Bittern
Pheasant
Dipper
Martin
Bobolink
Plover
Nuthatch
Parrot
Lapwing
Falcon
Chukar
Bluebird
Kiwi

523.87
522.79
525.50
565.49
565.03
605.76
602.79
644.40
645.08
684.24
748.14
725.27
726.92
764.20
766.06
804.15
806.23
903.18
1092.84
1099.76

/36.31
/14.52
/68.12
/38.90
/71.57
/41.88
/76.89
/44.66
/82.69
/46.88
/86.67
/50.14
/91.78
/52.83
/97.03
/55.60
/102.43
/73.54
/88.84
/47.52

45/3.85
36/4.30
54/3.52
45/4.00
54/3.65
45/4.14
54/3.77
45/4.27
54/3.90
45/4.40
54/4.20
45/4.53
54/4.14
45/4.65
54/4.25
45/4.77
54/4.36
84/3.70
84/4.07
72/4.41

7/2.57
1/4.30
7/3.52
7/2.66
19/2.19
7/2.76
19/2.27
7/2.85
19/2.354
7/2.92
19/2.41
7/3.02
19/2.48
7/3.10
19/2.55
7/3.18
19/2.62
19/2.22
19/2.44
7/2.94

1015
1007
1010
1051
1060
1099
1108
1145
1148
1188
1198
1227
1237
1268
1278
1310
1313
1434
1620
1634

B / HNG DN T HNG CP H TH
Khi t hng xin qu khch vui lng thng bo cho CADIVI nhng thng tin sau:
1. Tng chiu di v chiu di 1 tur
2. Tm in p
3. S li
4. C rut dn v rut trung tnh
5. Vt liu rut dn ng, nhm
6. Vt liu cch in
7. n si hay bc lt
8. Gip bng hay si, nhm hay thp
9. Vt liu v
10. Tiu chun p
Trang : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gii thiu | Sn phm | n v thnh vin | H thng phn phi | Tin tc & S kin | Lin h
2006 Cng ty c phn dy cp in Vit Nam (CADIVI).
Vn phng chnh: 70-72 Nam K Khi Ngha, Qun 1, Tp.HCM.
Tel: (84.8) 3829 9443 - 3829 2971 - 3829 2972. Fax: (84.8) 3829 9437. Email:

cadivi@cadivi.com.vn

TNH TON LA CHN DY & CP :

Khi chn cp, khch hng cn xem xt nhng yu t sau:

- Dng in nh mc (Lin quan n cng sut nh mc ca ti)
- st p
- Dng in ngn mch
- Cch lp t
- Nhit mi trng hoc nhit t
Dng in nh mc :
Dng in chy trong rut cp th s sinh nhit lm cho cp nng ln. Khi nhit cp vt qu mc cho php th
phi chn cp c tit din ln hn.
Cc bng v dng in nh mc v st p sau y da trn :
- Nhit lm vic cho php ti a ca rut dn.
- Nhit mi trng lm vic
- su lp t (khi chn cp trong t)
- iu kin lp t
st p :

Mt yu t quan trng khc phi xem xt khi chn c cp l st p do tn hao trn cp.
st p ph thuc vo:
- Dng in ti
- H s cng sut
- Chiu di cp
- in tr cp
- in khng cp
Ty theo tiu chun khc nhau m yu cu v st p cng khc nhau, thng thng yu cu st p tng c tnh t
sau my bin p n ti tiu th cui cng (thng thng yu cu tng st p l nh hn 5.5%) trong st p t
my bin p ti t phn phi tng l 0.5%, t t phn phi tng ti t phn ph khu vc (hoc t iu khin) l 2.5%
v t t khu vc ti ti cui l 2.5%. Tuy nhin ty theo yu cu ca tng d n c th tng st p ny c th ln ti
7%
Theo IEE 522-8 quy nh st p khng c vt qu 2.,5% in p danh nh
Vi mch 1 pha 220V st p cho php 5.5V
Vi mch 3 pha 380V st p cho php 9.5V.
Yu t st p nh hng n tit din dy dn, khi yu cu st p khng t th tit din cp phi c tng ln. V
th cng vic i vi nh t vn thit k l phi cn nhc v tr cc t phn phi n ti sao cho hp l tit kim
c chi ph nhiu nht.
Dng ngn mch :
L kh nng chu dng ngn mch ca cp khi xy ra ngn mch (thi gian ngn trc khi thit b ng ct
tc ng). Dng ngn mch ph thuc vo in p danh nh v in tr ca cp. Nu cp cng ln ngha l
in tr cp cng nh th dng ngn mch cng ln
Cch lp t :
Cch lp t nh hng n h s tc ng (h s suy gim) gia cp in vi cc thnh phn mang in v
vi cc thnh phn khng mang in. Thng thng lp t cp c chia lm 2 phn: Phng thc lp t
v v tr lp t. Ty theo tit din li cp khc nhau m cp s lp t theo dng phng ( cc dy cng 1 l
t trn cng mt mt phng), Phng php ny thng dng cho cc l 1 pha. Cc li trong l c th c
t dng tam gic nhm trit tiu dng tc ng gia cc pha ( thng p dng cho l 3 pha)
Ngoi ra h s suy gim ca cp cn lin quan n v tr lp t: Nu cp c lp t trn thang cp-kh nng lm
mt tt hn so vi cp c t trong ng hay t ngm.
Nhit mi trng hoc nhit t
Nhit mi trng l yu t nh hng n nhit lm vic ca cp, mi trng c nhit thp th kh nng
v tui th lm vic ca cp s tt hn v th i v cc phng my khi mt cp ln cn yu cu thng gi hay
iu ha m bo mi trng lm vic tt hn.