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Chng I

I.

Gii thiu photoshop................................................ 3

Vng lm vic ...................................................................................... 4


I.1. Khi ng v m 1 file nh mi ............................................................................. 4 I.2. Cc cng c chn .................................................................................................... 5 I.3. S dng thanh ty chn ca cng c (Tool options bar)......................................... 5 I.4. Lm vic vi cc bng Paltte................................................................................... 5

Chng II Lm vic vi vng chn ........................................... 7


I. II. Cc cng c to vng chn ................................................................... 7 Thao tc vi vng chn......................................................................... 9
II.1. Di chuyn, sao chp v hy vng chn ................................................................... 9 II.2. Hiu chnh vng chn ........................................................................................... 10 II.3. Bin i nh vng chn trn Layer ....................................................................... 11

Chng III C bn v Layer ..................................................... 12


I. Cch hin th hp Layer ...................................................................... 12
I.1. Menu window / Layers .......................................................................................... 12 I.2. Cc cch to Layer nh v copy Layer nh. .......................................................... 13 I.3. Sp xp cc Layer.................................................................................................. 13 I.4. Cch phi trn mu ca Layer .............................................................................. 14 I.5. Lin kt cc Layer ................................................................................................. 14 I.6. T mu chuyn sc cho Layer ............................................................................... 14

Chng IV Cch nhp v x l vn bn .................................. 17


I. II. I. Chn cng c Type ( T ) .................................................................... 17 a vn bn vo nh ch chnh sa ............................................ 18 Gii thiu cng c Pen ........................................................................ 20
I.1. Cch v ng Path thng..................................................................................... 21 I.2. Di chuyn v hiu chnh Path ............................................................................... 22 I.3. To cc Path ng ................................................................................................. 22 I.4. T mu cho Path .................................................................................................... 22 I.5. T phn trong cho Path ng ................................................................................ 22 I.6. V cc Path cong ................................................................................................... 23 I.7. V Path xung quanh nh........................................................................................ 23 I.8. V Path tu . ........................................................................................................ 23

Chng V K thut v vi Pen ................................................ 19

II.

S dng cng c Freeform Pen ........................................................... 24

III. Cc thng s ca Magnetic Pen .......................................................... 24


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IV. CC HNH TH VECTOR TRONG PHOTOSHOP ......................... 25


IV.1. Phn bit ha Vector v Bitmap.................................................................... 25 IV.2. Cch sa cc i tng v ................................................................................. 25 IV.3. Cch ct cc hnh th trong Layer cha cc hnh th Vector ............................. 26

V. TO HNH TH T PATH C T MU .................................. 28 VI. TO HNH TH TY ................................................................... 28 VII. TO LI HNH TH VECTOR BNG ACTION V STYLE ........ 30

Chng VI Chnh sa nh ........................................................ 31


I. II. S DNG NH RGB HAY CMYK .................................................. 31 phn gii v kch c nh ................................................................ 33
II.1. Cc loi phn gii ............................................................................................. 33 II.2. Cch s dng cng c chnh sa mu ................................................................... 33

III. THAY TH MU TRONG NH ...................................................... 34 IV. p dng b lc Unsharp Mask........................................................... 36

Chng VII Nhm cc b lc ..................................................... 37


I. Filter Artistic ...................................................................................... 38
I.1. Colored Pencil : ..................................................................................................... 38 I.2. Cutout : .................................................................................................................. 39 I.3. Dry Brush : ............................................................................................................ 40 I.4. Film Grain: ............................................................................................................ 41 I.5. Freseo : .................................................................................................................. 42 I.6. Neon Glow : .......................................................................................................... 42 I.7. Paint Daubs : ......................................................................................................... 43 I.8. Paltter Knife: ......................................................................................................... 44 I.9. Plastic Wrap : ........................................................................................................ 45 I.10. Poster Edges : ..................................................................................................... 46 I.11. Rought Pastels: ................................................................................................... 46 I.12. Smudge Stick: .................................................................................................... 47 I.13. Sponge: ............................................................................................................... 48 I.14. Under Painting: .................................................................................................. 48 I.15. Water Color: ....................................................................................................... 49

II.

Nhm Filter Blur: ............................................................................... 50

III. Nhm Filter Pixelate ........................................................................... 53 IV. Nhm Filter Distort............................................................................. 55 V. Nhm Filter Sketch. ............................................................................ 61

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VI. Filter Stylize: ...................................................................................... 66 VII. Nhm Render ..................................................................................... 73 VIII. NhmVideo: ................................................................................. 74 IX. Lu khi thc hin hiu ng .............................................................. 75

Chng VIII

T v ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Chng I Gii thiu photoshop


t lu cc KTV ha, ha s, cc nh x l nh u xem Photoshop CS nh mt cng c khng th thiu c trong qu trinfh thit k x l nh. Vi Photoshop CS trong tay, cc nh thit k m thut tha sc ti hin th gii theo quan im ring, lm nn nhng tc ngh thut trong m. Kt hp vi s pht trin nhanh ca k thut s, k thut in n, mi trng Internet, Multimedia, mang li cho Photoshop kh nng ng dng v hn Photoshop CS, trnh by cc k thut x l nh cao cp, cc tnh nng mi gip bn to c cc hnh nh p mt r nt, v mang tnh m thut cao,

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h tr c lc cho cc chng trnh dn trang v tch mu in t, c bit cc hnh th dng Vector c s dng trong mi trng lm vic ca Photoshop. Khi lm vic vi Photoshop CS, bn s khm ph c nhiu cch thc hon thnh cng vic nh nhau, mun s dng tt kh nng chnh sa nh ca c hai chng trnh Photoshop CS v Image Ready, bn cn bit v vng lm vic ca chng. Chng ny bn tm hiu nhng bi sau : - M mt file mi sau khi khi ng chng trnh - Cc cng c chn la - Lm vic vi cc Palette (bng)

I.
I.1.

Vng lm vic
Khi ng v m 1 file nh mi * Khi ng : Double click vo Icon (biu tng) ca Photoshop khi ng chng trnh. Ca s lm vic mc nh ca Photoshop nh sau

Khi khi ng Photoshop, trn mn hnh s xut hin menu thanh ngang (menu bar), hp cng c (Toolbox), thanh tu chn ca cng c (Tool Option Bar) v cc nhm bng (Palette). Chng trnh Photoshop v Image Ready u lm vic vi nh Bitmap, nh k thut s (cc nh do mt lot cc hnh vung nh-gi l cc Pixel phn t nh- hp thnh). Bn c th v hnh trong Photoshop v cc hnh th ny to ra rt tinh xo m vn gi c sc nt khi t l ca chng c phng ln hoc thu nh. Bn x l cc nh t my qut nh Scanner, qut t phim dng bn, hoc ct (Capture) t video hay c nhp vo (Import) t cc chng trnh v khc, nhp c nh t my k thut s (Digital Camera)

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I.2.

Cc cng c chn Trong hp cng c (Toolbox) cha cc cng c chn la, v v chnh sa. Vi cc cng c ny bn s bit c cc tnh nng chuyn bit ca chng. chn mt cng c, bn ch cn click tr mouse vo cng c hp Toolbox hoc c th nhn phm tt t bn phm. Cng c c chn s c tc dng cho n khi bn chn mt cng c khc. Mt vi cng c c hnh tam gic nh gc di phi cho bn bit cn c cc cng c n pha di Cc cch chn cc cng c n - Nhn gi mouse trn cng c c cha cng c n (hoc nhp chut phi ln nt c cng c n), sau di chuyn mouse chn cng c mong mun trong menu s ra t nt tam gic. - Nhn gi Shift + phm tt ca cng c, lp li nhiu ln cho n khi xut hin cng c m bn mun chn - Nhn gi Alt v click vo cng c. Mi ln click cc cng c b n s k tip xut hin.

I.3.

S dng thanh ty chn ca cng c (Tool options bar).

Tt c cc cng c u c cc tu chn ring ca n, v cc tu chn ny c th hin trn thanh tu chn ca cng c Thanh tu chn lun thay i theo ph hp vi tng cng c ang c chn, mt vi thanh tu chn v bng c cc tu chn cho php bn nhp vo cc gi tr s bng cch s dng thanh trt, phn nh gc, cc nt mi tn hp nhp. I.4. Lm vic vi cc bng Paltte Ccbng gip cho bn gim st v chnh sa nh. Mc nh cc bng s xut hin nh nh ccnhm bng chng ln nhau. Tu theo cng vic m bn c th lm xut hin hoc n n. Vo meu Window / chn <tn bng> cn hin th.

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+ Thay i s th hin ca bng

- Nhn phm Tab lm n hoc hin tt c cc bng c trn mn hnh (tr thanh toolbox) - Drag vo cc th v drag sang v tr cc bng khc hoc drag ra ngoi to mt bng ring bit. - Gn bng vo thanh tu chn ca Photoshop, drag Tab ca tng bng th vo vng trng mu xm m bn phi thanh tu chn. - Click nt tam gic nh bn phi ca bng m mt menu con. - Click vo nt tr gc trn phi ca bng thu nh bng Minimize hoc click vo du vung m rng bng Maximize.

Xc lp v tr cu bng v hp thoi

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V tr cu cc bng hin c v cc hp thoi s c lu nh mc nh khi bn thot ra khi chng trnh. Nhng cng c th khi ng chng trnh vi v tr mc nh u tin hoc bn c th a tr li v tr mc nh ti bt c thi im no: lun lun khi ng vi v tr mc nh u tin. Menu Edit / Preferences / General v hu b chn tu chn Save palette Locations.

Chng II

Lm vic vi vng chn

Phn quan trng nht lm vic vi Photoshop l lm th no chn c mt vng m bn cn x l. Khi mt vng trn nh c chn la th ch phn chu tc ng cn phn khc khng nh hng.

I.

Cc cng c to vng chn


Bn c th chn la tu theo kch c ca nh, hnh dng cng nh mu sc, bng cch s dng cc cng c chn sau: 1. Marquee Tool (M)

- Cng c chn Rectangular Marquee: Cho php bn to mt vng chn l hnh ch nht trn nh hoc hnh vung bng cch nhn gi thm phm Shift trn bn phm. - Cng c Eliptical Marquee: Cho php bn chn vng chn l mt vng chn Elip hoc hnh trn bng cch nhn gi thm phm Shift trn bn phm. - Cng c Single Row Marquee v Single column Marquee: Cho php chn mt vng chn l mt dng cao 1 pixel v mt ct rng 1 pixel. 2. Crop Tool (C)

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- Cng c Crop: Dng xn nhng phn nh khng cn thit. Chn vng nh mun gi li, (bn cn c th xoay hoc thu phng vng nh chn mun gi li). Nhn Enter. 3. Lasso Tool (L) - Cng c Lasso: Hay cn g l cng c chn t do. Bn s dng cng c ny khi chn nhng vng nh khng c hnh dng hnh hc v khng cn chnh xc cao. s dng bn ko mt vng chn ty quanh vng nh mnh cn chn sao cho im cui cng trng im u tin to nn mt vng chn khp kn.

- Cng c Polygon lasso : Ni cc on thng to nn mt vng chn. Cng c ny thng c dng to vng chn hnh a gic. Bn Click tng im to nn cc on thng lin kt, bn c th d dng chn cc ng gp khc khc. kt thc vng chn bn nhp im cui cng t trng vo im click u tin.

- Cng c Magnetic Lasso : Cng c to bin vng nh. Cng c ny c tnh cht bt dnh (Snap) vo bin ca phn nh da vo vng ng mu tng t, ni mt cch khc cng c ny cho php bn chn st vo mp ca vng hnh cn chn.

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s dng Magnetic Lasso Tool, bn drag v ng bin chn cho mt vng c tng phn cao bin, khi drag mouse ng bin chn t ng ht vo ng bin ca vng nh mun chn. Bn c th iu khin hng ca ng bin chn bng cch ch ng click mouse xc nh cc im p buc, im nh hng (fastening point) Con tr s ht vo bin v t ng thm vo cc im Fastening point Nu thy ng bin chn khng ht ng theo phn mun chn (c th do tng phn ca vng nh ny qu thp), bn click mouse ch ng to cc im fastening point. Bn cng b c cc im fastening c bng cch nhn phm Del v di chuyn tr theo hng ngc li. Mi ln nhn Del s xo i mt im Fastening. 4. Magic Wand Tool (W) - Cng c Magic Wand: cho bn chn mt phn nh da trn tng ng v mu sc ca cc pixel k nhau.

Thanh tu chn ca cng c Magic Wand cho php bn thay i tnh nng ca cng c. V d nh thay i Tolerance cho bit c bao nhiu tone mu s c chn khi click vo mt vng nh no . Gi tr mt nh l 32 (32 tone mu sng xp x nhau v 32 tone mu m tng t nhau c chn).

II.

Thao tc vi vng chn


Sau khi chn c vng chn xong, cc thao tc tip theo thng l di chuyn hoc sao chp ty chn.

II.1.

Di chuyn, sao chp v hy vng chn *Di chuyn vng chn Dng cng c Move (V), t tr vo gia vng chn, tr thnh hnh mi tn c km theo hnh chic ko, cho bit nu bn drag mouse n s ct nh ti v tr hin hnh v di chuyn vng nh ct sang v tr mi. * Di chuyn vng nh chn bng 4 phm mi tn Bn c th iu chnh v tr vng nh chn mt cht bng cc phm mi tn vi mi bc chuyn l 1 pixel hoc 10 pixel khi nhn gi phm Shift. Ch : Cc phm mi tn ch iu chnh v tr ca vng chn sau khi bn di chuyn vng chn hoc khi cng c Move ang c chn, nu khng ch lm di chuyn bin chn m thi, cn phn nh chn s khng di chuyn . Nhn gi Shift mi ln nhn 1 trong 4 phm mi tn vng nh chn s di chuyn 10 pixel. * Sao chp vng nh chn sang file khc

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Chn vng nh bng cng c chn bt k. Chn cng c Move, t tr vo gia vng chn v drag mouse sang ca s ang m mt file khc (file c m sn ang nm trn v tr mn hnh khi drag nh ) n khi con tr xut hin l du mi tn km theo hnh du (+) cho bn bit l vng nh chn c copy sang, bn mi th chut. - Bn cng c th copy vng nh chn sang file khc bng lnh Copy, Copy Merged, Cut, Paste, Paste Into. Lnh Copy: Dng sao chp vng chn trn Layer hoc Background hin hnh. Lnh Copy Merged: Sao chp vng chn trn tt c cc Layer ang hin th. Lnh Past: Dn gi liu c Cut hoc Copy sang v tr khc ca file nh hoc sang file khc to nn mt Layer mi. Lnh Past Into: Dn d liu c ct hoc sao chp vo bn trong mt vng chn khc trong file nh.

Lu : Sao chp v drag vi cng c Move s tn b nh v trong trng hp ny Clipboard khng c dng n nh lnh Copy, Copy Merged, Cut, Paste. *Hu vng chn: hy vng chn bn vo menu Select /Deselect hoc bm phm tt (Ctrl +D ) . II.2. Hiu chnh vng chn hiu chnh vng chn bn vo menu Select/Modify *Thay i kch thc vng chn hy vng chn bn vo menu Select/Transform Selection * phng ln thu nh nh : Bn s dng cng c Zoom hoc bm phm tt Ctrl (-) hoc Ctrl (+). Bm Ctrl 0 tr v hnh nh 100 % * Thm v bt vng chn - Nhn gi shift drag mouse thm mt vng chn la. - Nhn gi Alt drag mouse vo vng chn c sn tr bt vng chn ang la. * Lm mm bin chn Lm cho bin chn trong mm hn khng b gy khc. (kh rng ca) Anti Alias: Lm trn cc bin lm chm ca vng chn bng cch ho ln mu chuyn tip gia cc pixel bin v pixel nn, ch pixel bin b thay i, cc chi tit khng b mt. Tu chn Anti alias phi c chn trc khi dng cc cng c chn chn vng nh.

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Feather: Lm m, nhe bin bng cch to s chuyn tip gia vng chn v cc pixel sung quanh n vic lm nhe ny c th lm mt chi tit ti bin vng chn. Ta c th ch nh Feather trc khi chn vng chn la bng cc cng c Marquee, Lasso, Polygon Lasso, Magnetic Lasso. Gi tr Feather t 1 n 255 pixel. Trng hp nu bin chn thc hin mun xc lp Feather Bn vo Menu Select /Modify/Feather, nhp gi tr m bin tu . Click nt OK.

II.3.

Bin i nh vng chn trn Layer Menu Edit / Transfrom(Ctrl+T)

Scale: Co gin vng nh chn hoc i tng nh trn Layer Skew: Lm nghing vng nh chn hoc i tng nh trn Layer Distort: Hiu chnh bin dng hnh nh. Perspective: Thay i phi cnh ca vng nh chn. Rotate: Xoay vng nh chn hoc i tng nh trn Layer. Number: Tnh chnh xc theo im nh. Rotate: Xoay vng nh chn hoc i tng nh trn Layer o 90 CW theo chiu kim ng h o 90 CCW ngc chiu kim ng h

Flip Horizontal : Lt i xng theo phng dc. Flip Vertical : Lt i xng theo phng ngang.

Mt hp bao (Bounding Box) xut hin, bn c th thc hin co gin, xoay, nghing, lt i xng, thay i kch c.

t tr vo mt trong cc gc v drag mouse, nhn gi shift trong khi drag p buc thay i theo t l, nhn Enter kt thc vic chnh sa.

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Chng III

C bn v Layer

Mi file ca Photoshop cha mt hoc nhiu Layer ring bit. Mt file mi thng l mt Background cha mu hoc nh nn m c th nhn thy c thng qua phn trong sut ca cc Layer to thm sau. Bn c th qun l cc Layer bng bng hin th lp.

I.
I.1.

Cch hin th hp Layer


Menu window / Layers

Tt c cc Layer tr nn Background lun lun trong sut, phn bn ngoi ca mt nh trn Layer cng l mt phn trong sut c th nhn thy c cc lp bn di n. Cc Layer trong sut tng t nh tm phim c v hnh, chng ln nhau thnh nhiu lp, bn c th chnh sa, thay i kch thc v tr, xa trn tng lp m khng h nh hng ti cc hnh v khc trn Layer khc. Khi kt hp cc lp xp chng ln nhau to nn 1 bc nh hon ho. * To v tham kho bng Layer khi chn vng nh hoc dng Move di chuyn mt nh t file khc sang s t to thnh mt Layer. Bn cng c th nhn bn Layer to nn mt Layer mi ring. Bn to c ti a l 8000 Layer gm Layer Set (b Layer), Layer cha cc hiu ng Effect (cc hiu ng lm ni) cho ring tng file nh. Trn mi Layer bn xc lp phng thc phi trn mu (Blending mode) Opacity m c cho ring Layer, nhng do my tnh c b nh gii hn v bn cng ch cn s Layer va to nn mt file nh ca mnh. V mi Layer, b Layer cha cc hiu ng v d liu ring nn gi tr thc t s ch ti 1000 Layer. * Biu tng con mt trong hp Layer n v hin Layer. * Biu tng cy bt: Layer ang chn

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I.2.

Cc cch to Layer nh v copy Layer nh. Vng chn nh Menu Layer / New / Layer Via Copy: Copy vng nh chn t trn 1 Layer mi Menu Layer /New / Layer Via Cut: Ct vng nh chn t trn 1 Layer mi. Nhn phi vo Layer mun Copy, trong hp Show Layer -> chn Duplicate Layer. Nhp vo Menu con ca hp Show Layer chn Duplicate Layer. Drag Layer mun Copy th vo New Layer trong hp Layer. Khi nhp vn bn bng cng c Type cng t to thnh 1 Layer mi.

I.3.

Sp xp cc Layer Trong bng Layer -> dng tr mouse t vo Layer mun di chuyn -> tr thnh hnh bn tay, nhn gi mouse v drag ln hoc xung di cc Layer. * Thun li khi s dng cc Layer Cc Layer cho php chnh sa tng phn ca file nh trn mi Layer ring bit. * Cch lm n hoc hin cc Layer ring bit:

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Biu tng con mt bn tri trn Layer, trong bng Layers bo cho bn bit Layer ang c hin th. C th lm n hoc hin Layer bng cch click vo biu tng ny. * Bn c th mang nh trong mt Layer ln trc nh hoc sau trong mt Layer khc bng cch drag Layer trong bn Layer trn Layers hoc dng: Menu / Layer / Arrange / Bring to Front Mneu / Layer / Arrange / Bring to Back * Khi hon tt cng vic cho mt file nh lm gim dung lng file bn c th p phng file nh, tt c cc Layer s c hp nht (Merge) trn cng mt nn Background hoc Layer chn hin hnh. * Bn c th lin kt cc Layer mun iu chnh bng cch chn 1 Layer trong bng Layers, Click vo vung st bn tri ca tn Layer m bn mun lit k khi lin kt bn c th cng lc xoay, di chuyn nh kch thc mt cch ng thi.

I.4.

Cch phi trn mu ca Layer Blending Mode v Opacity ( m c) Thc hin trn mu gia cc Layer vi nhau, cc mode trn cho ta cm gic nh trn Layer ny c ho nhp vo nh trn Layer khc. Bn c th th thc hin vi cc Mode trong dang sch th ca hp Show Layer. Opacity: m c ca nh, nh trn Layer s trong sut dn nhn thy r phn nh Layer bn di khi nhp gi tr Opacity gim dn.

I.5.

Lin kt cc Layer Mt cch rt hiu qu l lin kt 2 hay nhiu Layer li vi nhau. Vi cc Layer c lin kt, bn c th di chuyn v bin i chng mt cch ng thi duy tr c v tr c nh ca cc phn nh trn Layer. Biu tng lin kt (Link) hnh mc xch s xut hin trong vung k bn biu tng mt Layer ang chn s khng c biu tng lin kt cho d n c lin kt.

I.6.

T mu chuyn sc cho Layer Cng c Gradient

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Bn c th to mt Layer mi hoc to mt vng chn la tu t mu t chuyn sc tu . Chn cng c Gradient trong hp cng c Thanh tu chn cng c Gradient, Click chn nt Linear Gradient (chuyn mu theo phng thng) Click vo nt c mi tn tam gic bn phi thanh chuyn mu (Menu con) m Menu chn. th nht: Mu t t mu Foreground to Background th hai tri m qua: Mu t trong sut Foreground to Transparency Cc mu cn li bn c th tu chn. Mun thay i dy mu khc, Double Click vo dy mu tu . Bn c th thm hoc thay i mu ca dy mu trong mc

S dng cc hiu ng ni Style y l cc hiu ng ni, bn c th thc hin tng mc vi cc tu chn thng s ring bit cho hiu ng bn mun gn cho layer ang hin hnh

Tu chn cc thuc tnh tng ng theo thch ca bn. Tam gic nh cho php bn chn la thm v bng, mu sc, nghing, khong cch-

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Menu Window / Style p dng cc lm ni ny cho Layer bng cc hiu ng c sn nh Shadow (bng ), Glow (pht sng), Bevel (vt cnh), Emboss (ni) v cc hiu ng t bit khc. Cc Layer Style rt d s dng v chng lin kt trc tip vi Layer. Style bao gm mt hoc nhiu hiu ng.

Dropshadow: to bng bn di phn nh ca Layer Inner shadow: To mt bng pha trong phn nh trn Layer to cm gic lm. Grow v Inner Glow: To s pht sng ra bn ngoi hoc vo bn trong phn nh ca Layer. Bevel and Embos: Ap dng kt hp gia phn sng v bng ti cho Layer. Satin: To bng pha bn trong phn nh ca Layer loi b s sc nt trong Layer. Color, Gradient v Pattern Overlay: Che ph bng mt mu, gradient (t chuyn) hoc mt pattern (mu t) cho Layer.

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Stroke: To ng vin bao quanh phn nh ca Layer vi mu n sc, Gradient hoc Pattern. Rt hu dng cho vn bn khi cn c ng bin r nt.

Ngoi ra trong danh sch th cu hp to hiu ng ni (Styles) bn cn c th chn thm cc dng hiu ng khc rt n tng thay v bn phi dng rt nhiu thi gian thc hin vi b lc.

Khi thc hin chn mt ni no trong bng gn cho Layer, hp Layer s c hin th ngay cc hiu ng hin hon thnh mu ni cho ch.

Chng IV
I.

Cch nhp v x l vn bn

Chn cng c Type ( T )


Click vo v tr nh bt k dnh v tr t chui k t. Mt Layer vn bn mi (Layer 1) vi biu tng ch T k bn trn Layer thng bo n l mt Layer vn bn xut hin trong bn Layers. Trn thanh tu chn bn chn Font, kch c Font, kiu Font, phng php Anti aliasing, so hng cc chui k t, t mu cho chui Text. Bn chn cng c Move di chuyn chui vn bn trong nh sang v tr tu nu n cha ng. Bn c th chn mt trong cc dng vn bn nh sau trong thanh cng c.

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1. Dng Text t theo phng ngang chui Text t ng t trn Layer ring bit, mang mu Foreground hin hnh. 2. Dng Text t theo phng ngang, hin th l mt chui Text chn, c t trn Layer hoc Background hin hnh. 3. Dng Text t theo k t dc, nm trn Layer mi. 4. Dng Text t theo k t dc, nm trn Layer hay Background hin hnh thuc dng vng chn.

II.

a vn bn vo nh ch chnh sa

Sau khi nhp chui vn bn bng cng c Type, nu mun hiu chnh li vn bn, bn dng li cng c Type click vo chui vn bn, tr sau khi click, s thnh du thng nhy, cho php bn hiu chnh ni dung vn bn click mouse vo k t mun chnh, Layer vn bn s t i thnh tn ca chui k t va g.

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t chui k t vo hnh bao c sn . Trn thanh tu chn, click vo nt Create Warped Text m hp thoi Warp Text trong hp Warp Text chn dng t menu Style, bn c th nhp gi tr khc xem kt qu. Nhp ok.

Chng V K thut v vi Pen

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I.

Gii thiu cng c Pen


Cng c Pen dng v cc on thng hoc ng cong cn gi l Path. Cng c Pen dng nh mt cng c v hoc cng c chn la bng Pen s to ra bin mm mi, chnh xc khng b rng ca. Cc Path s thay th cho cc cng c chn la chun, trong vic to cc vng chn nhiu v phc tp. Cc Path c th m hoc ng kn. Path m c hai im u cui ring bit. Path ng l Path lin tc im u v cui trng nhau. Kiu Path do bn chn ra s nh hng n vic chn v chnh sa chng. Cc Path khng cho php t y mu trong Fill hoc t nt vin bng Stroke. Path khng c in thnh file nh bi Path l i tng Vector khng cha pixel no c, n khng ging nh hnh th Bitmap c v bng cng c pencil or cc cng c v khc. * Nhn phm P chn cng c pen. Tip tc nhn phm, Shift+P chn ln lt chn cc cng c trong nhm. Pen tool: Cng c pen, dng click tng im, to nn cc ng thng path. Freefrom Pen tool: V path t do, drag mouse to i tng tu . Add Anchor Point Tool: Thm im trn on, click vo on to mt im, bn tip tc drag mouse vo im va thm to nn on cong. Del Anchor Point Tool: Hu nhng im khng cn thit. Convert Point Tool: on cong thnh gc.

Trong bi ny bn ch hc cch s dng Pen. Path c th c ng hoc m. Mt Path m l n c hai im bt u v kt thc khng trng nhau. Path ng l im bt u v kt thc gp nhau ti mt im. V d vng trn l Path ng. Nhng loi Path m bn v tc ng n n s c chn v iu chnh nh th no. Nhng Path m cha c t mu hoc Stroke s khng c in ra khi bn in hnh nh ca mnh. Bi v Path l dng i tng Vector v n khng cha nhng Px, n khng ging nh nhng hnh bitmap c v bi Pencil v nhng cng c v khc.

Bng Path c th hin cc nh nh (Thumbnail) th hin cc Path m bn s v Trong hp Tab Path, pha di cng ca bng Path c cc tu chn dng t mu vin, bn click vo nt chn.
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I.1.

Nt Fills Path With Foreground Color: T phn bn trong ca Path bng mu Foreground Nt Strokes Path With Foreground Color: T nt ca Path vi mu Foreground Nt Loads Path As a Selection: Path c to s tr thnh vng chn Nt Make Work Path Fromm Selection: To mt Path t vng chn la Nt Create New Path: To mt Path mi Nt Delete Current Path: Xo Path hin hnh .

Cch v ng Path thng Cc Path thng c to ra khi bn click mouse bng cng c Pen. Ln click u bn s to c 1 im (point) u tin cho Path, cc ln click sau s to cc ng path thng ni gia im trc v im va click. Khi bn v cc Path, trn bng Path s hin th tm thi mt Path c tn Work Path Khi bn s dng cng c Pen, thanh tu chn cng c cc thay i. Tu chn Add to Shape (+ ): Tip tc thm cc Path trn, Path to bng Pen

kt thc vic v 1 Path, bn click li cng c Pen. Cc im ni trn cc Path c gi l im neo (anchor point) C th drag cc im neo chnh sa cc on (Segment) trn Path c th chn tt c cc im neo chn tin b Path. Trong bng Path, double click vo tn Work Path m hp thoi Save Path. Bn c th thay i tn d nh khi lm vic vi nhiu Path trong mt file nh Click nt Ok vic lu Path thnh tn khc trnh lm mt ni dung ca n. Nu bn b chn mt Work Path m khng lu n li, khi bn bt u v Path mi th mt Work Path mi s thay th cho Work Path trc .

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V cc im neo (anchor point) im iu khin (direction point) ng iu khin (drection line). Mt Path gm c mt hoc nhiu, on thng, on cong. Cc im neo nh du im cui ca mi on trn Path. Trn cc on cong, mi im neo c chn s th hin mt hoc hai ng iu khin, cui ng iu khin l cc im iu khin v tr ca ng iu khin v im iu khin s xc nh hnh dng v kch c ca on. Mt Path khp kn (Path ng) khng c im bt u v kt thc (hnh trn). Cc ng cong trn Smooth Curve c kt ni bi cc im neon trn (Smooth Point).Cc ng cong gy (Sharp Curve) c kt ni bng cc im neo gy (Correr Point)

Khi bn di chuyn mt im iu khin ti mt im neo trn cc on cong hai bn im neo s thay i. Khi di chuyn mt im iu khin ti mt im neo gy th ch c on cong cng bn vi im iu khin mi thay i. I.2. Di chuyn v hiu chnh Path Chn cng c Direction Selection chn v iu khin im neo, on trn Path hoc ton b Path. Nhn phm A chn cng c Direct Selection, click tr vo Path to chn Path. iu chnh gc v chiu di ca path bn drag mt trong cc im neo bng cng c ny. Mun chn ton b cc im neo cng lc, bn nhn gi Alt. Dng cng c Direct Selection click vo on ca Path, khi Path c chn tt c cc im neo s c t en. I.3. To cc Path ng C th chuyn cc Path thnh vng chn v kt hp gia vng chn ny vi vng chn khc. Bn cng c th chn vng chn thnh Path v hiu chnh n. V Path ng bng cch bn click im cui cng trng vo im click ban u bng cng c Pen sau bn chnh on cong hay hiu chnh thnh i tng no bn mun vi cc cng c gii thiu phn trc. I.4. T mu cho Path Vic t mu cho Path l a cc pixel vo Path Path v c in ra. Bn t c mu (Fill) hoc t bng mt mu hnh nh (Pattern) cho phn trong ca Path ng hoc c th t vin (Stroke) cho Path. Chn Path bn mun t mu. Click chn mu tu trong hp Show Swatches gn cho Foreground, mu Foreground ny s c t cho Path Chn cng c Direct Selection, click vo Path chn. Menu con (danh sch th) ca hp Path bn chn Stroke sub Path (t vin Path). Chn cng c v Airbrush t Menu tool Bn c th chn cng c khc trong danh sch sau khi gn thuc tnh cho cng c . Mu t vin dy hoc mng tu thuc nt c Brush bn gn trc khi t Stroke. I.5. T phn trong cho Path ng Menu con ca bng Paths, danh sch th bn chn fill Sub Path (t mu cho Path)
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Chn mu Foreground khc t hp Swatches trc khi m hp fill Sub Path. Mc contents use: Foreground Color. Cho bn tu chn mu t cho path. Blending : S phi trn mu t bng cc mode mu. Opacity: m c ca mu t t 0 -> 100% Opacity gim cho mu t nht trong sut Feather Radius: Lm mm bin mu t. I.6. V cc Path cong Cc Path cong c to bng cch click v drag, ln u Click v drag, bn xc lp mt im neo kh u cho path cong. Drag ti v tr khc, mt ng cong s c to ra gia im neo trc v im neo hin hnh. Khi bn drag con tr ca cng c Pen Photoshop s t ng to cc ng iu khin (direction Line) v im iu khin t im neo. ng v im iu khin dng iu chnh hnh dng v hng ca on cong. I.7. V Path xung quanh nh Bn s dng cng c Pen to vng chn cho nh. Bn s v cc Path da theo cc phn trong nh. Khi cc Path c to bn s chuyn n thnh vng chn th hin tip cc cng vic khc nh t mu, p dng b lc. Khi v mt Path bt k bng cng c Pen bn dng im neo hp l, s im neo t th hnh cng trn hn. Chuyn i Path thnh vng chn I.8. V Path tu . Menu con ca hp Show Paths, bn chn Make selection, trong danh sch th. d dng s l cc i tng ha trn phn mm Photoshop, bn dng cng c Pen v v hiu chnh mt cch d dng, tuy nhin i tng v dng ny ch l hnh th Vector nn khng cho php bn thc hin, cc hiu ng. Do vic chuyn i cc Path thnh vng chn cng rt thun tin v khng lm mt thi gian nhiu ca bn. Chuyn vng chn la thnh Path. i vi nhng hnh th dng trn trn, thay v dng Path to nn th s rt kh khn cho bn, ta c th dng dng vng chn la vi cc cng c chn c sn sau bin thnh Path v hiu chnh li i cht v hnh th Bn click chn vo Menu con ca hp Path, chn Make Work Path, hoc click vo nt bn di ca hp. Bn dng cc cng c Pen hc chnh sa li cc im neo trn Path. * Hp ty chn ca cng c Pen cho php bn chn mt trong hai dng: Create New Shape Layer: Bn s to ra cc hnh th Shape Layer ring bit. Create New Work Path: Cc hnh th Shape trn cng mt Layer.

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II.

S dng cng c Freeform Pen


Khi s dng cng c Freeform Pen v ty chn Magnetic n s to ra Path t ng ht vo cc phn bin c tng phn cao. Path s ht vo im gn nht c sng ti hoc mu phn bit r nt ti v tr bin m tr ca bn ang drag trn nh. t tr ti v tr bin bt k v click mouse to im t Gastening Point u tin, tip tc drag mouse (khng cn gi mouse) dc theo bin nh. Nu Path khng ht vo v tr bin mong mun, bn c th nhn phm Delete xa tng im t Fastening Point (theo chiu ngc li) v tip tc drag mouse to Path mong mun. Trong trng hp nu do sng ti hoc mu ti v tr no khin Path khng th ht ng vo vng bn mun, bn c th click mouse to mt im Fastening Point p buc cho v tr ny. Fastening Point l cc im t, t ng to ra do qu trnh di chuyn mouse quanh bin nh vi cng c Freeform Pen, n khng phi l cc im neo (an chor Point) sau khi cng c Freeform Pen to xong Path, chng trnh s tnh ton v t ng to ra cc im neo. * Bn c th v cc on thng trong khi s dng cng c Freeform Pen bng cch nhn gi phm Alt ( tm thi chuyn sang cng c Pen) v click mouse th phm Alt tr li cng c Freeform Pen.

III.

Cc thng s ca Magnetic Pen


Cc thng s ny c tc dng khi bn chn cng c Freeform Pen vi ty chn Magnetic. Cc thng s ny s iu khin vic con tr ca cng c Freeform pen ht (snap) vo bin ca vng nh chn. Bn click vo nt Magnetic pen trn thanh ty chn m bng Megnetic Option -Width: C gi tr t 1-> 40, l rng ca phm vi ngay di con tr m cng c Freeform Pen s xem xt khi t im Fastening Point. Width c gi tr ln thng dng cho nh c tng phn cao, gi tr nh gip cho vic chn chnh xc hn. Gi tr mc nh l 10. Bn c th tng hoc gim gi tr Width bng cch nhn phm m ngoc vung trn bng phm gim v phm ng ngoc vung trn bng phm tng. -Contrast: Gi tr t 1 -> 100, l mc mc nh cn thit ca vng nh cng c Freeform Pen nhn bit l ng bin. Gi tr mc nh l 10. -Frequency: Gi tr t 5 -> 40, iu khin s im t Fastening Point c t khi v Path. Gi tr Frequency thp, s lng Fastening Point s rt nhiu v s im neo s tng ln. Cch hin th bng

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IV.

CC HNH TH VECTOR TRONG PHOTOSHOP


ha Vector cho php to ra cc hnh th, c t mu bn trong bng fill (mu t) hoc t mu bin stroke c th dng cc hnh th ny lm Fath ct (clipping fath) iu khin s th hin ca nh.

IV.1. Phn bit ha Vector v Bitmap ha trong my tnh s dng hai dng chnh l Vector v Bitmap, mt file nh trong Photoshop v Image Ready c th cha c hai dng d liu Vector v Bitmap. ha Vector to ra cc on thng, on cong c c nh ngha bng cc i tng ton hc (gi l Vector) cc ha vector ny vn gi c r nt, sc so khi bn di chuyn, nh li kch thc hoc thay i mu cho chng. ha Vector thch hp cho cc hnh minh ho, logo vn bn ... v chng c th dng li nhiu ln vi cc kch c khc nhau. nh Bitmap (gi l nh raster) cc dng anh nyc to nn bi mt tp hp cc phn t nh (pixe). Mi pixel xc nh v tr v mt gi tr khc nhau. Khi lm vic vi nh bitmap bn s chnh sa mt nhm cc pixel ch khng phi vi cc nhm t hoc hnh th. ha bitmap c kh nng din t rt tinh t mc chuyn dn ca mu, nn n thch hp vi cho cc nh c tng mu chuyn tip cho cc nh chp. Tuy nhin vi mt File nh Bitmap c nhng im bt li l ch cha c nh mt s lng Pixel v vy chng c th b mt chi tit v th hin cc bin lm chm, rng ca khi bn phng ln nh trn mn hnh hoc in ra vi phn gii km. IV.2. Cch sa cc i tng v Gm cc cng c v cc hnh th, hnh (Rectangle) hnh ch nht bo gc (Rounded Rectangle), hnh Elip, hnh a gic (Polygon) cc dng hnh t do (Custom Shape) v Line. Bn to mt hnh th trn mt Layer mi, hnh th va to mang mu Foreground hin hnh hoc c th thay i mu khc hay mt mu Pattern khc bin. Ca hnh th c lu trong Path ct (Clipping Path) ca Layer, v c th hin trong bng Paths . Trn mt File nh hoc mt File mi, bn chn mt trong cc cng c to hnh th nh ti gii thiu trn, bn nh tr s ty trong thanh ty chn nh dng li cng c cn v Drag mouse to hnh th Hnh th v ra mang mu Foreground ng thi trong hp Layers xut hin mt Layer mi c tn mt nh l Shape 1. nh nh
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(Thumbnail) bn tri cho bit Layer ny c t mu nh nh bn phi th hin Path ct ca Layer. Cc Path ct cng nh cc mt n, mu trng l phn th hin ca nh, mu en l phn nh b che khut. IV.3. Cch ct cc hnh th trong Layer cha cc hnh th Vector

Sau khi to mt Shape Layer (Layer cha cc hnh th Vector) bn c th xc lp ty chn ct cho hnh th Vector. Bn cng c th dng cng c Path Component Selection v cng c Direct Selection di chuyn v hiu chnh kch c ca cc hnh th. Dng mt v d gii thch bi ny M mt File New kch thc 2 inch x 2 inch Chn cng c v hnh th ch nht bo gc Rounded Rectangle v mt hnh th -> t mu Foreground trn file va m Chn cng c v hnh th hnh ch nht (Rectangle) Nhn gi Shift v hnh vung nh Trn thanh ty chn bn chn

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Subtract From Shape Area: Khi cc hnh th mi to ra s ct hnh th hnh th ang c trong Layer. Hnh vung bn v s c mu trng bi n ct hnh th hnh vung bo gc v hin ra nn mu trng ca nn. Chn cng c Path Component Selection di chuyn con tr vo trong hnh vung nh va to, nhn gi Alt v drag mouse sao chp hnh th hnh vung mi sang v tr k bn.

Chn mt hnh th vi cng c Path Component Selection v chn ty chn Intersect Shape Area trn thanh cng c s ch th hin vng giao nhau ca hai hnh th. - Nu chn ty chn Exclide Overlipping Shape Area s loi b phn ph ln nhau ca hai i tng. - Nhn gi phm Shift v click b chn 2 hnh th vung nh bng cng c Path Component Selestion - Thanh ty chn bn Click nt Align Top Edges so hng theo bin chnh ca hai hnh th. - Nhn gi Alt v drag mouse to thm cc hnh th mi, cho n khi bn c cc hnh vung nh mong mun. So hng cho hnh

+ Nt AlignTop Edges: So hng trn bin nh + Nt AlignVertical Centers: So hng ngay tm theo chiu ng + Nt Align Left Edges: So hng theo bin tri + Nt Align Horizontal Centers: So hng ngay tm theo chiu ngang

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+ Nt Align Right Edges: So hng theo bin phi + Nt Distribute Top Edges: Dn u theo bin trn nh + Nt Distribute Vertical Centers: Dn u theo tm theo chiu ng + Nt Distribute Bottom Edges: Dn u theo bin bn di +Nt Distribute Left Edges: Dn u theo bin tri +Nt Distribute Horizontal Centers: Dn u ngang theo tm + Nt Distribute Right Edges: Dn u theo bin phi.

V.

TO HNH TH T PATH C T MU
Bn s dng cc cng c to hnh to cc hnh th nh Path. Trn File nh hoc mt file mi. Chn cng c Ellip Trn thanh ty chn, bn click chn nt Create New Work Path Nhn gi Shift drag mouse to mt vng trn ln Thanh ty chn bn chn nt Exlude Overlapping Shape Area v gi Shift v tip mt vng trn bn trong vng trn th nht.

Bn chn cng c Selection Path Component di chuyn vng trn hai trng nh vi vng trn mt. Bn c th vo Menu Edit / Free Transform Path v iu chnh cc tay nm (Handle) ca hnh bao iu chnh kch c v hnh dng ca Path. Chn cng c Path Component Selection gi hai vng trn Shift Click chn c

Trn thanh ty chn bn click nt Combine kt hp hai Path hnh trn thnh mt hnh th duy nht. Chn mu Foreground ty Trong hp Paths, Drag Work Path va kt hp th vo nt Fill Path Width Foreground Color cui bng Path t mu Foreground va chn cho i tng Path

VI.

TO HNH TH TY
Chn cng c Custom Shape trn thanh ty chn, click vo nt mi tn k bn hp shape m bng Custom Shape Click vo nt gc trn bn phi bng Custom Shape m Menu th ca bng. Chn mc Custom Shape, xut hin hp nhc nh bn chn Append ni thm cc hnh th mu vo bng Custom Shape

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Drag trt trn bng danh sch th bn chn mu hnh th ty Nhn gi Shift v thm hnh th va chn vo bn trong ca Path hin hnh (Work Path ) - Dng cng c Path Component Selection iu chnh li v tr ca hnh th

- Trong bng layers, click chn nt Create a New Layers bn di hp to mt Layer mi. Layer ny s cha ring mu hnh th bn chn v v d dng p dng cc hiu ng khc m khng lin quan n cc hnh th khc. - bng Paths, bn click chn Menu th t vin cho Path ca bn vi ty chn Stroke SubPath. - Bn nn nh nt c Brush ln hoc nh t vin v mu t vin ty thuc mu Foreground - t mu vi hiu ng ni cho hnh th ca bn, Double Click vo Layer hnh th mun t m hp thoi Layer Style - Hp Layers Style Click chn Bevel and Emboss (vt cnh v ni) th hin hiu ng.

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VII. TO LI HNH TH VECTOR BNG ACTION V STYLE

- S dng Action l mt trong cc cch m Photoshop dng t ng ho cng vic. Action l tp hp cc lnh m bn c th p dng t ng cho mt File hoc mt lot file - Bn s dng Action ghi trnh din li, chnh sa v xa tng Action ring bit, ngoi ra cn cho php bn lu, m li cc File Action. M File nh mi c nn trng to mt hnh th Menu Window / Show Action - Click vo nt Create New Set to mt Action mi trong bng Action. Hp thoi New Set, mc Name bn t tn l Action 1 v nhp Ok. - Ghi 1 Action mi - Khi bn to mt Action mi cc lnh v cc cng c s dng s c t ng thm vo Action cho n khi bn dng vic ghi li, trong bng Action, click chn nt Create New Action xut hin hp thoi, hp thoi New Action, nhp tn ca Action l - to logo- hp Name click nt Record bt u ghi - By gi qu trnh ghi c bt u - Trong bng Layers , click nt Create a New Layers to mt Layer mi (Layer 1) - Chn cng c Custom Shape. - Thanh ty chn click vo ni tn bn phi mc Shape m bng Custom Shape Picker v chn mu hnh vng ming - Gi Shift v drag mouse to hnh trn File, dng cng c Move hiu chnh v tr ty - Trong bng Layers chn Layers 1, bn click vo nt Add a Layer Style cui bng v chn hiu ng Bevel and Emboss t Menu th - Chn cng c Type, trn thanh ty chn bn chn Font ch v kch c, chn mu trong Set the text color . Nhp chui vn bn - Warped Text thanh ty chn click chn nt New Create Warped Text, chn kiu Shell Lower t Menu Style nhp gi t mc Blend: + 25 gi nguyn gi tr 0 cc mc khc - Vn bn ca bn c th dng cng c Move di chuyn v tr vn bn ty - Bng Style chn mu ni ty t cho chui vn bn ca bn
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- Bng Actions Click nt Stop kt thc vic ghi Action . - File / Save lu li kt qa va thc hin. S dng li Action va to Khi Action c ghi, bn c th chn n trong bng Action v dng n th hin li cc tc v mt cch t ng

- M mt File nh ty nu mun t hnh th va to File trc ti va hng dn - Trong bng Action click chn tn - Action 1 - v Click nt Play thc hin Action ny - Hnh th s c to li trong File nh ny

Chng VI
I.

Chnh sa nh

S DNG NH RGB HAY CMYK


Ngi s dng Photoshop lun t ra l nn lm vic vi h s RGB hay CMYK. Nu kt qu c xut ra cho Slide hay Video nn chnh mu trong RGB bi v nhng Slide v Video dng Mode RGB color thay v dng CMYK. Khi xut cho nhng my In thng mi In bo, nn chnh bng mu CMYK nh vy bn s lm vic cng vi mu m nh In s dng. Tht hu ch khi chnh mu CMYK khi chnh vi nhng mu en trn nh, bn ch cn thay i mu en trong h s CMYK bng cch iu chnh trn knh (chanel) mu en (trong RGB khng c mu en) H s CMYK lun lun hn RGB . Trong photoshop c nhiu cng c v lnh gip cho vic chnh sa cc nh chp

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Hue _ Saturation _ Brightness Cc thut ng ny thng c s dng trong cc chng trnh ha khi x l mu. Hue: l mu phn x li mt ngi khi nh sng chiu trn mt i tng, mt phn c hp thu v mt phn c phn x li. Hue c tnh ton bng cch xc nh v tr trn bnh xe mu chun (color whell) theo t 0 -> 360 . Hue c nhn bit bi tn ca mu nh, mu ,cam hoc xanh Saturation (chroma) l bo ha ( m c) cng mu Saturation m t s ti hoc nht ca Hue, n c tnh ton theo phn trm 0% -> 100% Brightness : nh hng sng (Lightness) hoc m (drakness) ca mu, c o bng phn trm 0% (en) n 100% (trng). Photoshop gip bn chnh sa nh, mt cng vic m trc y ch dnh ring cho cc chuyn gia v lnh vc ny. Bn s chp nh v qut nh vo my tnh v c th chnh sa mu sc, sc m nht cho nh, s ha trn gia nh v mt bc nh ghp khc, to nn s hon m cho tc phm ca bn.

Chng ta s bt tay vo vic chnh sa nh vi cc bc tng qut: - Kim tra cht lng nh m bn Scan v nh phn gii ph hp vi nh s dng - Xn nh vi kch thc thnh phm - iu chnh tng phn cho ton nh - Xa b s mt cn bng mu Color - iu chnh mu - Khi s dng cho trang Web. In trn giy khc vi th hin trn mn hnh. Mn hnh my tnh v trang In rt khc nhau da trn cc t im sau :

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Mn hnh my tnh nm ngang, trong khi trang In thng theo chiu dc. iu ny s nh hng ti s trnh by v nh dng trang ca bn Vn bn d nh vn d c hn khi c In trn giy v cc im mc In vn sc nt hn cc im sng trn mn hnh. Do bn s khng nhn thy cc vn bn nh hoc cc hnh ha qu chi tit trn mn hnh Mn hnh my tnh c kch c khc nhau, khi thit k In trn giy bn cn bit kch c giy trnh by ph hp.

II.
II.1.

phn gii v kch c nh


Cc loi phn gii S pixel trn mt n v chiu di ca nh c gi l Image Resolution ( phn gii nh) thng c o bng s pixel trn 1 inch (ppi). nh c phn gii cao s c nhiu pixel hn (dung lng file s > hn) nh c phn gii thp mc d c cng kch thc. S pixel trn 1 n v chiu di gi l Monitor Resolution phn gii mn hnh, thng c o bng s im (dot) trn 1 inch (dpi) cc pixel ca nh c chuyn trc tip thnh cc pixel ca mn hnh. Nu phn gii ca nh cao hn phn gii mn hnh, nh s th hin trn mn hnh ln hn kch thc c In ra. VD: Bn th hin mt file nh 1.1 inch , 144ppi trn mn hnh 72 dpi nh s chim mt vng 2.2 trn mn hnh.

II.2.

Cch s dng cng c chnh sa mu Cng c chnh sa mu lm vic da trn nh x cc gi tr ca phm vi tng mu hin ti sang gi tr ca phm vi tng mu mi. iu chnh mu cho nh vi lnh Curves.

Bn s dng cng c chnh mu theo 3 cch :

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p dng cho mt hoc nhiu knh (chanel) cho Layer iu chnh hoc cho Layer bnh thng. iu chnh tng phn Contrast trong nh x cc pixel ti nht sang mu en v cc pixel sng nht sang mu trng. nh x lm cho phn sng s sng hn v vng ti s m v st nt hn, gip bn hiu chnh cht lng nh chp.

Di chuyn on thng sang v tr tu v xem hin th mu

III.

THAY TH MU TRONG NH
- Vi lnh Replace Color to cc mt n tm thi da trn cc mu ch nh ri thay th cc mu ny. - Cc mt n cho php c lp mt vng tn nh thay i tc ng ln vng c la chn. Cc ty chn trong hp Replace Color cho php bn iu chnh Hue (mu) Saturation ( bo ha) v Lightness (lng mu en trng) - Dng cng c Rectabgular Marquee drag mouse chn vng hnh ch nht quanh phn nh mun thay th mu Menu Image /Adjust / Replace Color

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Ty chn Select mc nh c chn hp thoi Replace Color th hin mt hnh ch nht mu en i din cho vng chn nh hin hnh Trong hp c 3 cng c hnh ng ht - Cng c Eyedropper dng chn mt mu n (trong vng chn) v thay th bng mu mi. - Cng c Add To Sample c hnh du cng dng chn thm mu. - Cng c Subtract From Sample hnh du tr dng bt mu chn. Cch thc hin: - Chn cng c Eyedropper trong hp thoi Replace Color sau khi chn vng chn nh mun thay th. - Click cong c mt ln vo nh chn ( chn mt mu mun thay th). - Chn cng c Add To Sample, click v di chuyn mouse trn cc phn khc nhau ca nh hin th trong hp thoi cho n khi nh c mu trng - iu chnh dung sai ca mt n bng cch di chuyn thanh trt Furziness ti gi tr ty . Furziness iu khin mc lin quan vi cc mu c a vo Mask (mt n). - Chn cng c Subtrast From Sample, click vo phn mu en xung quanh vng chn trong hp Replace Color xa bt c vt m mu trng no phn mu en. - Trong phn Transform ca hp thoi bn drag con ty . trt Hue n mu

- Di chuyn con trt Saturation n gi tr m gim cng bo ha gi tr dng tng cng bo ha, Drag trt Lightness n gi tr m gim sng v dng tng sng (mu s sm hn). - Nhp Ok hon tt vic thay th. iu chnh sng vi cng c Dodge

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iu chnh bo ha, cng mu (Saturation) vi cng c Sponge cho php chnh sa Saturation rt tinh t cho mt vng ring bit tong nh. T Menu Mode ca thanh ty chn bn chn Saturation. Pressure: xc lp cng cho Saturation t 0% -> 100% Brush: nh nt c cho cng c ty theo vng nh mun iu chnh. Drag mouse cng nhiu cng bo ha cng tng. Bn dng phm ngoc m vung v ngoc ng vung tng gim ln ca nt bt cho ph hp vi nh. Xa b cc i tng khng mong mun trong nh. i vi nhng nh b li v k thut hay nhng phn nh c b lm m h hng bn c th dng cng c ti sp gii thch di y thc hin. Tuy nhin thc hin cc thao tc phc ch nh cn i hi bn s kin nhn, bn phi lp i lp li cng vic copy vng nh mi copy cho vng nh h c cho n khi hnh nh p mt, khi ngi khc nhn vo nh s khng nhn thy s lm chm ca nh. Bn c th xa b cc vng nh khng mong mun tong nh bng cng c Clone Stamp, cng c ny s xa i vng nh bng cch Clone (tri li) sao chp mt vng nh khc trn nh v t tn vng mun loi tr (khng pht sinh Layer)

IV.

p dng b lc Unsharp Mask


Sau khi thc hin xong cc bc hiu chnh trn, bn dng lnh Unsharp Mask trong Menu Fill iu chnh tng phn ca bin cc chi tit v lm ni bt r rng hn Menu Filter / Sharper / Unsharp Mask Trong hp thoi tu chn Preview ang chn bn thy c kt qu cc phn trong nh

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- Amount: nh gi tr sc nt cho nh. - Radius: Xc nh pixel xung quanh cc pixel bin chu nh hng tc ng lm st nt. Vi nh c phn gii cao Radius thng nm phm vi t 1 -> 2, nh thc hnh ca bn nu phn gii 72 dpi dng Radius khong 0.5 pixel - Threshold : Xc nh mc khc bit v nt cn phi c ca pixel xung quanh mt vng trt khi chng c xem nh l Pixel bin Gi tr Threshold = 0 lm st nt tt c cc Pixel trong nh Lm sc nt nh vi Unsharp Mask lm sc nt ng bin trong nh, sa cha cc ch nho sinh ra khi chp nh, Scan nh Unsharp rt hiu qu cho vic chnh sa chun b cho nh In hoc xut trc tip trn mng . Thc hin thay i mu vi Channel Mixer.

Chng VII

Nhm cc b lc

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I.

Filter Artistic

I.1.

Colored Pencil :

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Lm cho nh hay phn c chn ging nh phn c v bng ch phn Tr Pencil Width:Kim sot kch thc mu Background xut hin trn nh Outline tr = 1 nh khng thay i my v xut hin nhng vch ch nh ti thiu l 3 Tr Stoke Pressure: Ti a 15 nhng vng nht gc s c dnh ring Tr paper Brihtness: Bng 0 : Lm cho giy mu en Bng 50 : Ly mu Background trong tool box Bng 25 : Ha trn hai mu en va Background I.2. Cutout :

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Lm tng cng cho lnh Posterize ch nh mc nhng mu trn nh theo yu cu. Nhng Filter s dng nhng mu trn nh gc thay v nh lnh Posterize c tin hnh. Filter ny kh thng minh lm cho cng vic tr nn n gin. N chy kh chm v phi tnh ton mt Pixel cho nh. Tr Edge Simplicity : Cao vin s n gin ha nh khng c vin s to nn mt khi mu ng nht. Nn nh khong 5. I.3. Dry Brush :

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Vi k thut c khng cn sn nhng vn ko trn nt v. Tr Image Detail bng 10 s nhn mt kt qu tht du nh tranh sn du Ch nh Brush Size = 10 image Detail = 10 v Texture = 3 s thy mt nh vi mt nt c rt du v tru tng I.4. Film Grain:

L mt dng noise kt hp lm cho sng hn c cc phn trn nh s sc nt hn, Fiter Add Noise c th xa mt nh vi cc lm chm Filter ny s dng tt cho Text, vi nhng ch nh thp s khng chu nh hng. Ch nh tr cao s cho mt mu p mt

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Tr Highlight Area: T 1 - 20 qun l vng sng I.5. Freseo :

To s tng phn mnh lit trn nh, vng sm s sm hn. Lm nh hp dn v n to sc nt cho nhng vng tng phn, mu sc rc r. I.6. Neon Glow :

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Ty thuc vo mu c chn, nu bc nh c mu Foreground hay Background l en trng, nh s c dng Grayscale vi nhng ho quang y l Fiter c mu c lp . Mu l xanh dng sng (Bright Blue) cho color tr Brightness l 50 size=24 vng sm nht hin th mu ca trong color, vng sng s hin th mu ca Foreground vng trung gian hin th mu pha trn ca Foreground v Background. Tr Brightness l 50 size=24 vng mu nht hin th mu Background, vng sng hin th mu Foreground, vng trung gian hin th mu pha trn ca Foreground v Background.

I.7.

Paint Daubs :

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Lm nh tr thnh bc v dng sn du ch nh loi c trong mc Brush Type s cho nh nhiu kt qu kh t bit. I.8. Paltter Knife:

Ging bc v dng sn du c v bng dao. Lm cho mi nt v ging nh c mt bng. Vng bng sm nht s tr thnh mu en v nh nh c v t c ch thm mu, Filter ny tng cng nhng nt v v gy rt n tng c th dng phi hp vi Filter Boss tng cng ni ca nt c.
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Tr Stroke Detail: Qun l nt v. Tr l 3 s cho bc v hp dn hn Tr Softness: Qun l gy khc ca nt v trn vin I.9. Plastic Wrap :

Cho bc nh nh c v trn tm Plastic v nhng gh ni trn lm cho nh trng l mt Filter ny chy theo vin ca nh thay v o ngc

Tr Detail: Quyt nh phn t ni trn nh Tr Smoothness : Qun l dy ca tm Plastic

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I.10.

Poster Edges :

To cho nh bng mu ca chnh n v a thm nhng chi tit mu en quanh cc vin

Tr Edge Intensity: Qun l s lng nhng vin ch inh 0 c ngha ch yu cu qun l cc vng sm chnh yu nh nhng bng xung quanh cc i tng, ch inh 10 s nhn c tt c cc vin. Ch nh thp th ch nhng vin r nt hoc ring r mi c chn . I.11. Rought Pastels:

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Tc ng ln nh nh nhng mu Texture to sn gip tng cng nhng ng k n gin khi dng trn Text. Ging nh c t bng nhng chm nh v va. Thng s trong Texture cho ra v s mu v nhiu kt qu khc nhau. I.12. Smudge Stick:

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Tin hnh ging nh dng mt ming vi chi ln nh, lm m i nt phn hay nt ch. nh trng ging nh b bi. I.13. Sponge:

Nh dng ming bt bin (Sponge) v nh vo nh n nh c nhng vt sn c vy u ln nh

Tr Brush Size: Qun l b rng ca Sponge Tr Denfinition: Cao s cho ra nhng vt mu m hn mu ca nh gc Tr Smoothness: Qun l gy khc ca vin, tr thp to nhiu nt gy khc . I.14. Under Painting:

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To bc nh nh bc nh va mi v xong con t sn .

Tr Brush Size ln vng bao ph bi nt c s khng hin th Texture, vng ny s c lm chm. Tr Texture Coverage thp cho gn sng I.15. Water Color:

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Tm nhng hnh v mu n gin, to mt dy tr cho nhng i tng theo phng php gim cc mu t mt nh chp thnh nh v. Nhng vng sm trn nh thng lm m nhiu v t mu tr nn cc mnh Filter ny lm vic rt nng n.

II.

Nhm Filter Blur:

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S dng lm du cc nh khi m vin ca n b sc nt v tng phn cao. N s ly i nhng Pixel trn vin c tng phn. Filter ny cng lm nhe phn nn ca nh, nh vy mu ca Foreground s ngoi hay to mt nh hng bng m kh du. 1. Blur: To nh hng nhe, c th lm gim tng phn v n lai tr nhng vt lm chm 2. Blur More: Thc hin nhe gp 3-4 ln Blur 3. Gassian Blur: Cho php qun l nh hng nhe to vin nh du (nh nhng) cho n vin dy nhe m nh c th nhn c. Tr cao nhe nhiu. Dng lai b nhng lm m trong nh Scan

4. Motion Blur: To cc chuyn ng o. Thc hin nh nh ca my chp nh khi chp mt i tng di chuyn vi tc m ng knh qa lu. Cho php ch nh hng v di ca nh o.

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5. Radial Blur:

To bc nh nh b xoy theo hnh trn hay c phng t tm ca hnh trn.

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III.

Nhm Filter Pixelate

Ph v hnh nh thnh nhiu mnh, nhng mnh ny l nhng khi vung . 1. Color Halfton: Nh to nhng chm Halfton ln, Photoshop to nh hng nybng cch chia nh thnh nhng hnh ch nht v tng vi nhng Pixel tng t 2. Crystallize: Lm nh sc nt bng cch b nhng Pixel ng mu theo nhng pixel ng cho gc kch thc ng cho c qun l bng Tr Cell Size 3. Facet : To bc nh nh c v tay, c nhng pixel ging nhau hay cng mu vo mt nhm hay thnh mt khi . 4. Fragment : To mt bc nh nh khng chp ng tiu im Coppy pixel ln 4 ln, sau bnh qun nhng pixel c nhn ln v t chng vo nhau 5. Mezzotint : To nh di dng lm chm.

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6. Mosaic : Ging nh nhng hoa vn trn thm len.

7. Pointillize : Tch nh thnh nhng chm mt cch ngu nhin ging nh v nh bng mt s im.

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IV.

Nhm Filter Distort

Thng s dng to nhng bin dng

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1. Displace : Nhng pixel nh b lc v chuyn n hng khc Tr thp, mu sm s chuyn dch xung v qua phi. Tr trung gian 128 lm cho vic chuyn dch rt nh. Tr cao (mu sng) s chuyn nhng pixel ln trn v qua bn tri 2. Pinch : Dng un nn hnh vo trong hay ra ngoi

3. Polar Coordinates Chuyn hnh ch nht sang dng ng cong v hnh cong, hnh trn sang hnh ch nht thc hin lm cong trn chui ch khi chn dng Polar to Rectangular hoc chn dng ngc li Rectangular to Polar

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4. Ripple : Chuyn hnh nh bng cch thay th nhng pixel to nn dm hay gn sng .

5. Shear : Un hnh nh thnh nhng ng cong tng ng, nh hng filter ny c th ko di i tng. Nu bn thc hin un cong chui k t trc khi thc hin bn xoay chui ch theo chiu dc.

Hp Shear, click v drag mouse trn trc dc ca k t s c un cong theo ng cong thnh lp. Nhp nt Reset tr li v tr u

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6. Spherize : Chuyn phn chn la thnh hnh qu cu hay lm i tng phng ln hoc lm vo

7. Twirl : To nh hng xoy

8. Wave :

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To nh hng gn sng. Number of Generator: Kim sot s lng vng sng cng nhiu sng c to bin dng cng nhiu bi v nh v b su ca di sng s bt u tng phn cng gy nhiu s tn ph trn nh

Ty chn: Wrap Round nh c cun chiu ngc li trn mn hnh.Repeat Edge Pixel s xa nhng pixel tha trn vin nh 9. Zigzag: To gn sng ln tn nh khi th mt vin si xung ao

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10. Diffuse Glow :

Thm hay bt nhng chi tit to nhng ho quang cho vng sng. Vi tr thp ton b nh s c thay th bng mu Background. Tr cao nht nh s b bin dng. 11. Glass :

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nh nh nhn qua mt tm gng loi vung nh. Tr Smoothness thp, nh s xut hin lm chm kh nhn dng nh. Tr cao cc sng trong knh s gim bt lm cho nh c v sinh ng hn. 12. Ocean Ripple To nh nh chm trong nc

Ripple Size: Qun l kch thc ca ln sng.

V.

Nhm Filter Sketch.

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1. Bas Retief :

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n gin ha nhng hnh nh phc tp v lm ni bt nhng hnh nh v n gin trong ha. Filter ny to mt nh gim bt chi tit, phn ln s to nh nh dng ni (Emboss). Mu Foreground s c chn cho vng sng v mu ca Background s s dng cho nhng vng bng m. V vy khi chn nhng mu sc qu mnh hay khng thc s lm cho nh c v m h v ri lon. 2. Charcoal:

To bc nh nh v bng than ch. Ch s dng mu en hoc trng, n to cho nh nh mt bn v dng phc tho. Ngoi ra cn gip lm nhng bc nh phc tp thnh nhng bc v n gin. 3. Chalk And Charcoal:

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nh hng ca c hai loi phn ch v than ch trn nh. Chalk ch s dng mu Background v Charcoal s dng mu Foreground. Mu en trng vn l hai mu tt nht trong nhng mu c chn. 4. Chrome:

Gip lm ni nhng hnh v n gin trong ha. Chrome chuyn nh thnh dng Grayscale nh b phn nh vi nhng ngun sng

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5. Conte crayon: Lm n gin nhng hnh nh phc tp khi n khng c Texture. N s lm vic kh tt trn nhng vng nh c nhng tng phn r rt gia sng v ti 6. Graphic Pen:

Tr li cho nh nhng hnh v ging nh dng phc tho bng cc nt v di hay ngn ty thuc vo ch nh. Ch nh Stroce Length thp trn nh s th hin nhng lm chm ch khng phi nhng vch ngn 7. Halftone Pattern: Thay i nhng nh Bitmap sang dng Halftone loi Circle Pattern n v nhng vng trn ng tm trn nh. Nn chn mu sm cho Foreground, nu chn hai mu trng cho Foreground v mu en cho Background hnh nh s c gn Filter Halfton Pattern s ging nh phim m bn Nagative 8. Note Paper:

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n gin ha nhng hnh nh phc tp ng thi lm ni bt cc hnh nh ha dng Line Art.

VI.

Filter Stylize:

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To nhng n tng nh hnh v. 1. Diffuse: Lm nh v ra nh c xuyn qua mt mnh knh ng bng.

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2. Emboss: To ra vin sng ni ln v gim nhng tr mu xung quanh ging nh to mt hnh p ni. T l Amount thp, lng mu t, t l cao nhiu mu s c gn cho vin.

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3. Extrude

Chuyn nh thnh mt lot khi ba chiu hay dng hnh kim t thp. Tr trong Size ch nh kch c cc khi hay cc hnh (2 -> 255). Tr Depth qun l tng i tng s c phng ra. Tr Random nu mun b su ca tng i tng phng ra mt tr ngu nhin. Tr Level Based nu mun phn nh sng hn ca nh nh ra nhiu hn phn sm. Tr Solid Font Faces b mt ca khi s t bng c tr trung bnh ca i tng, khng phi mu trung bnh tan nh chn Mask Incomplete Block m bo nhng i tng phng ra c t mu. 4. Find Edges: Tm nhng vng mu chnh yu trn nh, thay i v tng cng chuyn i cc Pixel. To cho bc nh ging nh c pht tho bng bt ch cc nt chnh 5. Trace Contour: V nhng ng vin mnh hn nm xung quanh, ng thi cho php ch nh tng mu cho vng chuyn i 6. Solarize: Thc hin nhng nh hng ca dng bn (Positive) hay m bn (Negative) pha trn trn b mt nh 7. Tiles:

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Chia nh thnh tng mnh nh ngi lp Number of Tiles a s lng ti thiu ca hng v ct. Maximum Offset kim xot khong cch tnh bng t l ca tng vin ngi. Nu mun khang cch tng vin ngi t mu ta chn mu cho Background trc khi thc hin b lc ny. Chn Inverse Image s o mu ca nh gc xut hin quanh nhng mnh ngi. 8. Wind To gi thi bng cch a nhng ng k hng ngang nh vo nh Chn Wind: Cho php chn gi mnh v hng gi

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Blast: Chn gi mnh, ng k dy . Stagger: To gi vi cc ng k t lung tung. Left v Right nh hng gi. 9. Glowing Edges: T ng tm vin v i. C th chn c vin v s lng vin tm thy Tr Smoothness Cao s thy t vin hn, nh vy vin di hn v t gy khc hn 10. Craqualure: To nhng texture kh p trn nhng vng trng ca nh. Tr Crack Brightness cao s lm mt i cc vt nt. 11. Grain : To nhng lm chm cho nh

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Dng mu Foreground v Background to ht. 12. Mosaic Tiles :

To nhng vung bt nh nhng khong cch u n Tr Tile Size thp cng to kt qu hu ch. Tr Tile Size cao nh s rt khc l 13. Paterwork : To hnh kh n iu trng s phng hn
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14. Stained Glass : To hnh th kt tinh vi nhng ng rnh ni bt 15. Texture : To phn ni v nhng im g gh cho nh

VII. Nhm Render

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S dng b lc Render to hiu ng chiu sng. Bn c th tu chn v tr t m sng bng cch click vo mc Flare Center.

VIII. NhmVideo:
Dng cho hnh nh qua Video hay nhp t bng NTSC color: Gim s mu cho nh mn hnh TV c th hin th c Deinterlace: Xa nhng ng k an xo nhau trong nh Video. Kh cn thit khi Scan mt nh nhe.

B nh Ram (Random Acess Memory) Nu khng Ram cho cng vic ca chng trnh Photoshop, chng trnh s s dng nhng khong trng trn a cng s dng nh Ram nn gi l vng nh o (Virtural Memory). Trong chng trnh Photoshop dng a cng lm vng nh o c gi l Scratch Disk. Tc truy xut ca a cng tnh bng Milisecond (ms), a cng 10 ms s c nhanh hn 20 ms .
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- a cng tho ri (Removable Hard Disk) - Nn h s: PKZIP:Nn h s c chn STACKER: T ng nn cc h s trn a cng JPEG: D mt d liu LWZ: ng tin cy. - Mn hnh mu thch hp cho Photoshop Loi mn hnh Apple, NEC, Super Mac, Radius, Raster OpsSony. Mn hnh 14 inch. phn gii 640 x 480 Mn hnh 19 inch . phn gii 1024 x768 pixel - Card Video: Bit l phn t nh nht thnh lp d liu. Mi bit c 2 v th tt m. Tng s kt hp ca 8 bit chia thnh 8 bit cho mu (256 Sc ) 8 bit cho mu xanh Blue (256 Sc xanh) 8 bit cho mu xanh Green (256 Sc xanh) 256 x256 x256 = 16,777,216 (16,7 triu mu) Card 24 bit c th cho mn hnh 14 inch thc hin 16,7 triu mu. Nhng khng thc hin vi mn hnh 19 inch.

IX.

Lu khi thc hin hiu ng


To bin cho hiu ng Bn c th dung mt vi k thut x l bin cho phn nh c p dng hiu ng. Khi bn p dng mt b lc thng thng li mt bin rt d nhn thy. Bn hy to mt bin mm hoc m bng b Feather chobin ri mi p dng b lc. To mt hiu ng trong sut, p dng b lc, p dng lnh Fade hih chnh ch phi hp mu Blending color v m c Opacity ca vng chn. p dng b lc cho layers. Bn c th p dng b lc cho layer hoc cho vi layers to nn hiu ng. b lc c tc dng trn Layer th Layer phi ang hin th (c biu tng con mt k bn n trong bng layer) v phi cha cc pixel. p dng b lc cho tng knh (Chanel) Bn c th p dng b lc cho tng knh, p dng b lc khc nhau cho mi knh mu hay p dng cng mt b lc vi cc xc lp khc nhau.

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To Nn Bng cch p dng hiu ng cho mt hnh dng c mu c hay mu xm bn c th to ra nn v cc dng nn Texture ngu nhin khc nhau. Mc d c vi b lc tc dng hay khng thay i g khi n c p dng cho mt mu c chng hn nh b lc Glass. Kt hp nhiu hiu ng vi cc mt n hay cc nh sao chp Bn s dng cc mt n to vng chn, cho php bn iu khin s chuyn tip t hiu ng ny sang hiu ng khc. Ci thin cht lng v ng nht ca nh. Bn che du nhng phn nh ni, bin i hay nng cao cht lng ca n. Hoc l mt lot nh hnh ging nhau bng cch p dng cng mt b lc cho mi nh. Dng bng Action ghi li qu trnh x l cho mt nh v dng n cho cc nh khc. Ti u nh cho web Photoshop v Image Ready cho php ti u s th hin ca nh v dung lng file nh cho php xut bn n phm trn web. Cn dung lng file nh c th m n t web (Web server) vi mt khang thi gian hp l nhng n phi ln hin chnh xc mu v chi tit trn nh. Image Ready cho php bn s dng nh nh mt nh x, to cc nt chuyn ti cc a ch khc t cc nh ny. Ti u nh file JPEG v GIF iu chnh v xc lp ti u to s tng quan gia dung lng file v cht lng nh. Photoshop v Image Ready cho php cc iu khin nn dung lng nh ng thi vi vic ti u cht lng th hin ca nh trn mn hnh. Cc ty chn nn khc nhau ty theo cc nh dng c dng khi lu nh. nh dng JPEG: c thit k gi phm vi mu rng v gi c sng tinh t cho nh c tng mu lin tc nh cc nh chp, nh c mu chuyn tip. nh dng ny c th th hin vi hng triu mu. nh dng GIF: C tc dng nn cc nh c cc mng mu c v nh c vng mu lp li nh cc nt v. nh dng ny s dng bng mu c th ti 256 mu cho vic th hin nh v c h tr nn trong sut. nh dng PNG: C tc dng nn cc nh c cc mng mu c v gi c sc nt chi tit. nh dng -8 dng bng mu 256 mu th hin nh.

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nh dng -24 h tr 24 bit mu (16.777.216 mu). Mc d vy nhiu trnh duyt Web khng h tr cc file PNG. Nn nh Web Dung lng file l mt iu rt quan trng trong xut bn in t nn file phi nn tuyt i. Hai nh dng JPEG v GIF cng bao gm cc chc nng nn t ng. Hai kiu nn c bn l hai kiu nn gy s suy gim v nn khng gy s suy gim. Kiu nn gy s suy gim s lm mt d liu file c dung lng nh hn. Kiu nn khng gy s suy gim khng b mt chi tit nhng chng tm cch nh ngha nh c hiu qu hn. Cc loi nn thng thng l: LZW, ZIP, CCITT, JPEG, Cc phn mm in t s s dng bt c loi no tt nht cho nh. Ch c loi JPEG h tr kiu nn suy gim v cho php chn mt cp nn m bn c th iu chnh chnh xc mc thay i dung lng file. nh dng ny vi mc n nn thp s cho kt qu gn ging nh gc, nh dng JPEG vi mc nn trung bnh s b bt nhng chi tit c th hin r trn mn hnh, nh dng JPEG vi mc nn cao c khuynh hng lm nho nh v mt i chi tit nhng mang li kt qu chp nhn c cng vi dung lng file nh nh. Qu trnh nn khng lm gim phn gii, n ch c tc dng lm dung lng file nh hn. Vic nn file cho bn cc nh c phn gii cao v n c th in ra vi cht lng kh nhng dung lng khng qu ln. Vic nn file khng bao gi thay th cho vic lu gi cho cc file c phn gii v cht lng cao. Xc nh phn trong sut ca nn cho trang WEB S trong sut ca nn cho php bn t mt nh c bin khng l hnh ch nht ln trn nn ca trang WEB. Tt c cc phn bn ngoi ca i tng nh c nh ngha l trong sut, cho php trng thy mu nn ca trang Web, bn c th dng phn trong sut ca nn cho nh GIF v PNG, cc nh dng ny lu gi c cc pixel trong sut ca nh. Nhng pixel ny s phi trn vi nn ca trang Web trong trnh duyt. Nn vi mu Matte (mu thay th cho phn trong sut) c h tr bi nh dng GIF, PNG, JPEG gi lp phn trong sut bng cch t hay phi trn vi cc pixel trong sut bng mu matte. Mu matte l mu do bn chn ph hp vi mu ca trang Web m nh c t ln. Bn c th to ra mt nn trong sut bng cch to ra mt layer mi. To nn vi mu Matte cho nh GIF v JPEG

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Khi bit c mu nn ca trang Web m nh s c t vo, bn c th dng Matte t v phi trn vi cc pixel trong sut vi mu Matte ph hp vi nn ca trang Web. c kt qu tt nn trang Web thng c mu ng nht ( solid color) ch khng phi l mu t nhiu mu.
Ngun: Trng Trung cp k thut Quang Trung S 9 Hunh Tnh Ca Qun 3 Tp. HCM

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