Báo cáo Đánh giá tác động môi trường (ĐTM) của mỏ đá cát kết Lộc Trung xã Lộc Ninh huyện Dương Minh Châu tỉnh Tây Ninh, cụng suất 800.000m3năm

CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO
NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG
MC LC
K HIU CH VIT TT CC BNG S LIU KM THEO M U Trang 3 4 6 5 6 8 10 10 10 10 12 14 15 30 30 37 43 56 56 64 65 71 71 88 91 93 93 93 95 95 95 96
1 2 3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
Xut x ca d n Cn c php lut v k thut khi thc hin nh gi TM T chc thc hin TM
CHNG 1. M T TM TT D N
Tn d n Ch d n V tr a l khu vc khai thc Ni dung c bn ca d n V tr v phng n m va Cc cng vic cn thit khi m va

CHNG 2. IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T X HI
2.1 iu kin t nhin v mi trng 2.2 iu kin a cht m nh hng n mi trng 2.3 Cht lng mi trng
CHNG 3. NH GI TC NG KHAI THC CH BIN M LC TRUNG TI MI TRNG
3. Ngun gc pht sinh cc cht gy nhim 1 3.2 i tng, quy m b tc ng 3.3 nh gi tc ng khai thc m n mi trng
CHNG 4. CC BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG
4.1 Khng ch, i ph cc tc ng xu 4.2 An ton lao ng v phng chng s c

CHNG 5. CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MT CHNG 6. CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG
6.1 Cc chng trnh x l mi trng 6.2 Chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng
CHNG 7. D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG
7.1 Cc cng trnh bo v cn kinh ph 7.2 Ch ph cc cng trnh bo v mi trng 7.3 Hon th v ng ca m sau tng giai on khai thc
CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT
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7.4 Chi ph, gim st v qun l cht lng mi trng

CHNG 8. THAM VN KIN CNG NG CHNG 9. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU D LIU V PHNG PHP NH GI
96 99 101 101 102 102
9.1 Ngun cung cp s d liu 9.2 Phng php p dng trong qu trnh TM 9.3 Mc chi tit, tin cy ca cc nh gi KT LUN V KIN NGH Ph lc I. Cc vn bn c lin quan Ph lc II : Cc bn v km theo Ph lc III. Cc kt qu phn tch mu
104
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K HIU CH VIT TT
BKHCN BKHCN&MT BOD BTCT BTNMT COD TM CTV CCT KTXH PCCC SS TCVN TP TSS UBND UBMTTQ WHO B khoa hc v Cng ngh B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng Nhu cu Oxy sinh ho B tng ct thp B Ti nguyn v Mi trng Nhu cu Oxy ho hc nh gi tc ng mi trng a cht thu vn a cht cng trnh Kinh t x hi Phng chy cha chy Cht rn l lng Tiu chun Vit Nam Thnh ph Tng hp cht rn l lng U ban nhn dn U ban mt trn t quc T chc y t th gii
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CC BNG S LIU KM THEO

Bng 1-1 Bng 1-2 Bng 1-3 Bng 1-4 Bng 1-5 Bng 1-6 Bng 1-7 Bng 1-8 Bng 1-9 Bng 1-10 Bng 1-11 Bng 1-12 Bng 1-13 Bng 1-14 Bng 2-1 Bng 2-2 Bng 2-3 Bng 2-4 Bng 2-5 Bng 2-6 Bng 2-7 Bng 2-8 Bng 2-9 Bng 2-10 Bng 2-11 Bng 2-12 Bng 2-13 Bng 2-14 Bng 2-15 Bng 2-16 Bng 2-17 Bng 3-1 Bng 3-2 Bng 3-3 Bng 3-4 Bng 3-5 Bng 3-6 Bng 3-7 Bng 3-8 To cc im gc m Lc Trung Cc ch tiu v bin gii khai trng m Lc Trung Cc thng s ca tuyn ng m va Tng hp tnh ton lng nc ngm chy vo moong khai thc Tng hp tnh ton lng nc ma v nc ngm chy vo moong Tng hp nhu cu nng lng, nhin liu, nc Tng hp nhu cu cung cp nc Tng hp khi lng cc cng trnh thi cng Cc thng s h thng khai thc Tng hp thit b s dng ti m Tng hp cc thng s khoan n mn Tng hp vt t, vt liu Tng hp chi ph sn xut Hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh Kt qu phn tch thnh phn ho hc ca cc loi Tng hp tnh cht c l ca t ph Tng hp tnh cht c l ca t ph, lp ct Tng hp ch tiu c l Thnh phn ho hc ca Kt qu o tham s vt l ca trong cc l khoan Tng hp thnh phn vi lng cc loi trong m Tng hp kh hu khu vc m Kt qu o mi trng khng kh Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc mt Kt qu quan trc mc nc trong 38 l khoan Tng hp cc thng s CTV Tng hp kt qu quan trc Kt qu bm mc th nghim tng t3 Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm Kt qu phn tch cht lng t Tng hp kt qu iu tra sc kho cng ng Tng hp cc ngun nhim khi XDCB Tng hp nhim bi v kh c Tng hp cc cht trong nc ma Cc ngun cht thi trong qu trnh khai thc ch bin Tng hp khi lng nguyn liu, nhin liu khi khai thc m Ti lng nhim khi sn xut Cc ngun gy nhim nc Tng hp cc ngun nc thi v lng nhim
10 11 15 18 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 28 28 29 37 38 38 39 39 40 41 42 45 46 47 47 48 48 49 51 54 56 56 57 57 58 58 58 61
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Bng 3-9 Bng 3-10 Bng 3-11 Bng 4-1 Bng 4-2 Bng 4-3 Bng 4-4 Bng 4-5 Bng 4-6 Bng 4-7 Bng 4-8
Tng hp khi lng nhim ca CBCNV Tng hp nng ti a ca cc cht gy nhim Tng hp nng ti a cc cht gy nhim trong nc thi c tnh k thut ca thuc n v vt liu n Cc thng s khoan n Tng hp tc lng Tng hp qung ng lng Tnh ton gc dc b moong Tnh ton gc dc n nh b moong ng Tnh ton gc dc n nh b moong tnh Tnh ton gc dc n nh b moong tnh cc lp
63 65 67 76 78 80 80 84 84 85 86
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M U
1. XUT X CA D N c s chp thun ca UBND tnh Ty Ninh, Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO phi hp vi Cng ty Co phan Phc Ngoc Linh tin hnh thm d ct kt lm vt liu xy dng thng thng vo thng 5 nm 2006 ti m ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh trn din tch 22,68 ha, theo Giy php thm d khong sn s: 18/Q-UBND, ngy 11/01/2006 ca U ban nhn dn tnh Ty Ninh V/v: Cp giy php thm d khong sn. Sau khi c U ban nhn dn tnh Ty Ninh ph chun kt qu bo co thm d khong sn, xy dng m Lc Trung ti vn bn s: 98/Q-UB ngy 14 thng 2 nm 2007, Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO tin hnh lp D n u t khai thc m ct kt vi cng sut 800.000m3/nm, lm c s xin php u t khai thc m. M ct kt Lc Trung l cng trnh khai thc vt liu xy dng bng phng php khai thc l thin, C quan thm quyn duyt d n u t: Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO. Tun th Lut Bo v Mi trng c Quc hi nc Cng ha XHCN Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29/11/2005, Lut Khong sn v cc vn bn php lut lin quan i vi vic bo v mi trng trong v sau khi kt thc khai thc m, Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO phi hp vi Cng ty CP T vn kho st thit k v Xy dng M-a cht lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng (TM) ca D n u t khai thc m ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh, cng sut 800.000m3/nm nhm nh gi cc tc ng mi trng, xut cc bin php gim thiu cc tc ng xu, phng nga v ng ph s c mi trng, xy dng chng trnh qun l v gim st mi trng trong qu trnh khai thc v phng n phc hi mi trng sau khi kt thc khai thc m. 2. CN C PHP LUT V K THUT KHI THC HIN NH GI TC NG MI TRNG (TM) 2.1 C s php l lp bo co - Hin php nc Cng ho XHCN Vit Nam quy nh: Cc c quan nh nc, cng ty, hp tc x, n v v trang nhn dn u c ngha v thc hin chnh sch bo v, ci to v ti sinh cc ti nguyn thin nhin, bo v v ci to mi trng sng. - Lut Bo v MT Vit Nam s 52/2005/QH11, c Quc hi nc CHXHCN
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Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005 v c hiu lc thi hnh t ngy 01 thng 7 nm 2006. - Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP ngy 09/08/2006 ca Chnh ph v vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut bo v mi trng. - Ngh nh s 81/2006/N-CP ngy 09/8/2006 ca Chnh ph quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc bo v mi trng. - Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT, ngy 08 thng 09 nm 2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng hng dn v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng. - Lut Khong sn c Quc hi nc Cng ha XHCN Vit Nam kha IX thng qua ti k hp th 9 ngy 23 thng 3 nm 1996; - Lut sa i b sung mt s iu ca Lut Khong sn s 46/2005/QH11 c Quc hi nc Cng Ha XHCN Vit Nam Kha XI, k hp th 7 thng qua ngy 14/6/2005. - Ngh nh 160/2005/N-CP ngy 27/12/2005 ca Chnh ph Quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh Lut Khong sn v Lut sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Lut Khong sn. - Quyt nh s 35/2002-Q-BKHCNMT ngy 25/6/2002 ca B trng B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng ve viec cng b danh mc Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng bt buc. - Cc tiu chun Nh nc Vit Nam v mi trng, TCVN-1995 , TCVN-2001 v TCVN-2005. - Quyt nh s 22/2006-Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca BTNMT v vic bt buc p dng Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng. Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2006 ca B ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v lp th tc h s, ng k cp giy php hnh ngh, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi. - Thng t lin tch B Ti chnh - Cng nghip - Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng s 126/1999/TTLT-BTC-BCN-BKHCNMT, ngy 22 thng 10 nm 1999 hng dn vic k qu phc hi mi trng trong khai thc khong sn. - Cc ti liu k thut ca T chc Y t th gii, Ngn hng th gii v xy dng bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
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- Giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh Cng ty CP t vn v u t FICO s 4103003091, ngy 01 thng 02 nm 2006 ca S K hoch v u t thnh ph H Ch Minh. - Cng vn s: 4929 ca B Quc phng, ngy 29/9/2005 cho php Cng ty c phn T vn & u t FICO thm d khai thc xy dng ti x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh. - Quyt nh s: 18/Q-UBND ngy 11/01/2006 ca U ban nhn dn tnh Ty Ninh V/v: Cp giy php thm d khong sn, cho php Cng ty c phn T vn & u t FICO c php thm d ct kt xy dng vi din tch: 107,5 ha ti p Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh. 2.2. C s d liu lp bo co - Bo co kt qu thm d khong sn m xy dng - ct xy dng Lc Trung, x Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh. - Quyt nh s 98/Q-UB ngy 14 thng 2 nm 2007 ca U ban nhn dn tnh Ty Ninh v vic ph chun kt qu bo co thm d khong sn m xy dng m Lc Trung, x Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh. - Quyt nh s: 3A/Q-HQT, ca Ch tch Hi ng qun tr, ngy 05 thng 3 nm 2007, V/v: Ph duyt d n u t xy dng cng trnh khai thc - ch bin ct kt m Lc Trung - Dng Minh Chu - Ty Ninh, cng sut 800.000m3/nm. - Bo co d n u t xy dng cng trnh khai thc - ch bin ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh do Cng ty CP Phc Ngc Linh lp. - Cc ti liu lu tr v iu kin t nhin trong khu vc. - Kt qu kho st, o c v phn tch mu hin trng mi trng. - S liu iu tra v tnh hnh kinh t - x hi trong khu vc. - Kt qu thm vn kin cng ng - Ti liu: Chng trnh tin b khoa hc k thut cp Nh nc 42A v kh tng. - Cc phng php cng ngh x l cht thi. 3. T CHC THC HIN TM 3.1 Ch d n Tn cng ty: Cng ty CP t vn v u t FICO a ch: 29A, Cao B Nh, Qun 1, TP H Ch Minh. in thoi:08.9206483 Gim c cng ty: Ng Ngc Quang
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- n v lp bo co TM: Tn cng ty : Cng ty CP t vn kho st thit k v Xy dng M - a cht a ch: H4, t 23, phng Yn Ho, qun Cu Giy, TP H Ni. in thoi: 04.8341796 Gim c cng ty: Nguyn S Hi - C quan phi hp: 1. Tn c quan: Trng i hc M - a Cht a ch: ng Ngc T Lim H Ni 2. Trung tm nghin cu mi trng a cht a ch: ng Ngc T Lim H Ni Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng do Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO v Cng ty CP t vn kho st thit k v xy dng M-a cht lm t vn vi s phi hp v gip ca c quan chc nng sau y: - S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ty Ninh. - UBND huyn Dng Minh Chu. - Cc c quan chuyn mn khc ca Trung ng v a phng. Danh sch cc thnh vin tham gia lp bo co TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
H v tn
TS. Nguyn S Hi GS-TS. Nh Vn Bch TS. Nguyn Ph V ThS. L Thu Hoa KS. Ng Ngc Quang KS. Trn c Du KS. Nguyn Tun Anh KS. Phm Anh KS. Phm Vn Chinh ThS. ng Ngc Thu KS. Trn Vn Hng KS. Nguyn Tun Thnh KS. Phm Vn Thnh KS. Nguyn Th Thanh
Chc v
Ch nhim Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin Thc hin
C quan cng tc
Cty CP T vn kho st Thit k v XD Mi cht (Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C) Trng i hc M - a cht Trng i hc M - a cht Trng i hc M - a cht Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C Trng i hc M - a cht Trng i hc M - a cht Cty CPTVKSTK&XD M-C
CHNG 1
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M T TM TT D N
1.1 TN D N Khai thc - ch bin xy dng m Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh. - Cng sut khai thc: 800.000m3/nm. - Tui th m: 10 nm. - a im thc hin: x Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh. 1.2 CH D N Ch d n: Cng ty C phn T vn v u t FICO. Tr s: 29A, Cao B Nh, qun 1, thnh ph H Ch Minh. in thoi: 08.9206483 Fax: 08.9206483 H v tn ch d n: KS Ng Ngc Quang, Gim c 1.3 V TR A L KHU VC KHAI THC 1.3.1 V tr a l M Lc Trung nm trn a phn x Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh. Trung tm khu m cch th x Ty Ninh 20 km theo ng chim bay v pha Ty Bc v cch ni B en 17 km v pha Bc. Din tch khu vc khai thc rng 22,68 ha nm trong ranh gii xc nh thuc t bn a hnh h UTM, t 6231.I v h VN2000 mi 3 0 kinh tuyn Trung ng 105030 c gii hn bi cc im gc c to nh bng 1-1 Bng 1-1 im gc To UTM To VN2000 X(m) Y(m) X(m) Y(m) 1 12 44.796 6 39.204 12 45.413 5 84.051 2 12 45.110 6 39.526 12 45.726 5 84.373 3 12 44.731 6 39.884 12 45.347 5 84.730 4 12 44.423 6 39.577 12 45.039 5 84.423 (V tr m c th hin trn bn v ku vc thm d s 01 ti ph lc s II). Bin gii khai trng c xc nh trn c s cc nguyn tc sau: - Khai trng nm trong ranh gii cho php khai thc. - Khai trng nm trong ranh gii khi tr lng cp 122. - Khai thc di mc thot nc t chy. trang 10
- Khng nm trong khu vc cm, tm cm hot ng khong sn v l do an ninh v quc phng v di tch lch s, vn ho. - Cc thng s ca b m khi kt thc khai thc ph hp vi tnh cht c l ca t m v tun th quy nh ca cc quy phm hin hnh p dng trong khai thc, ch bin cc m l thin. Trn c s v nguyn tc nu trn, bin gii kt thc khai thc ca m th hin trn bn kt thc khai thc m c cc thng s c bn nh sau: + Pha ng v ng Bc l tuyn ng cp phi lin x ni t ng l lin tnh (t quc l 22 n sng Si Gn). + Pha Bc, Ty, Nam v ng Nam l ng mu v knh mng thu li. - Bin gii trn mt Chiu rng theo hng ng Bc Ty Nam rng trung bnh: 420m Chiu di theo hng Ty Bc-ng Nam di trung bnh: 540m Din tch khai trng l: 420m x 540m = 226.800 m2 (22,68 ha). + Bin gii di y m: Mc khai thc thp nht: - 40m. Cc ch tiu ch yu v bin gii khai trng m nh bng 1-2 Bng 1-2 TT Tn ch tiu 1 Kch thc khai trng - Chiu di ln nht - Chiu rng ln nht 2 Ct cao y m 3 Tr lng t ph 4 Tr lng a cht khai thc 1.3.2 Cc yu t a hnh - kh tng 1.3.2.1 a hnh a hnh khu vc m tng i bng phng, t cy ci, cao tuyt i ca b mt a hnh t 15-16m. Phn ln i hnh c khai ph trng hoa mu, cy n qu. Mt phn l ni c tr ca nhn dn. 1.3.2.2 Kh tng Theo ti liu kh tng thu vn ti trm Du Ting, cc c trng c bn v kh hu khu vc m nh sau: n v m m m tn m3 S lng 540 420 - 40 3.563.289 8.856.665
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- Ma ma ko di t thng 4 n thng 10. Nhit trung bnh 27,540C. Lu lng ma trung bnh 278,7mm. m trung bnh: 80%. - Ma kh ko di t thng 11 n thng 4 nm sau. Nhit trung bnh 26,180C. Lu lng ma trung bnh 48,6mm. m trung bnh: 71%. 1.4 NI DUNG C BN CA D N 1.4.1 Ni dung c bn ca d n - Khai thc bng phng php khai thc l thin. - M va bng ho dc trong hon chnh, kt hp vi ho ngoi. - H thng khai thc kiu vnh khuyn ly tm, khai thc theo lp xin, vn ti trc tip trn tng. Sn lng nguyn khai 800.00m 3/nm. t ph: 248.000m3 nguyn khi /nm. Tng sn lng m: 1.048.000m3 nguyn/nm. 1.4.2 Li ch kinh t ca d n u t khai thc, ch bin xy dng ti m Lc Trung cung cp vt liu xy dng cho th trng tnh Ty Ninh nhm thay th ngun thnh phm t cc m xy dng ang khai thc khu vc ni B en phi ng ca theo ch trng ca Nh nc. Ngoi vic cung cp cho th trng Ty Ninh, sn phm ca d n cn cung cp cho th trng thnh ph H Ch Minh khu vc C Chi, Qun 12 (ng b) v cc khu vc khc bng ng thu. 1.4.3 Sn phm v tin ca d n 1.4.3.1 Sn phm Sn phm khai thc l ct kt c khai thc vi cp tr lng 122, sn xut cc loi xy dng: 1x2cm; 4x6cm, hc 20x30cm. - Trong qu trnh khai thc Cng ty s s dng cng nhn l con em huyn Dng Minh Chu v cc khu vc ln cn, mt khc d n s gip pht trin kinh t, vn ho, khoa hc k thut tnh Ty Ninh. - Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO, cn t chc khai thc c hiu qu, tit kim, c trch nhim bo v ti nguyn v bo v mi trng. 1.4.3.2 Tin ca d n - D n c tin hnh khai thc trong 10 nm. - Nm 2006-2007 xy dng m, cui nm 2007 m bt u sn xut. 1.4.4 Quy m cng trnh
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1.4.4.1 Tr lng nguyn liu Kt qu kho st, thm d cho thy m ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh c chiu dy thn khong khong 50m. Tr lng a cht ct kt tnh theo cp 121 v 122 ca m xc nh t mc +0m xung mc -40m l: 8.856.665m3 nguyn v 3.563.289m3 nguyn t ph. 1.4.4.2 Phng php khai thc Khai thc bng phng php khai thc l thin, gm cc khu cng ngh: Ph v t bng khoan bn mn l khoan ng knh trung bnh, my khoan cm tay P-20, bc xc my xc thu lc E =2.3-3m3, vn chuyn bng t ti trng 15 tn. 1.4.4.3 Phng php ch bin p dng phng php ch bin bng my p - sng lin hp. Trong hot ng khai thc-ch bin ct kt Lc Trung khng th trnh khi cc tc ng ti mi trng (MT) t nhin kinh t v x hi. V vy, trong qu trnh khai thc m ct kt Lc Trung, Cng ty s thc hin cc bin php gim thiu tc ng ti mi trng nhm duy tr s pht trin bn vng cho khu vc. 1.4.4.4 Ch lm vic, cng sut khai thc v tui th ca m a. Ch lm vic D n chn ch lm vic ca phn xng khai thc m nh sau: S ngy lm vic trong nm: S ngy lm vic trong thng: S ca lm vic trong ngy: - B phn khai thc trc tip: - B phn ch bin: b. Cng sut m * Cng sut khai thc ca m Lc Trung c xc nh trn c s nhu cu th trng khu vc tnh Ty Ninh v mt s tnh khu vc ln cn. Mt khc, cng sut khai thc xc nh trn c s tng tr lng ca m v kh nng p ng v nng lc thit b, k thut ca Cng ty. Cng sut khai thc ca m tnh ton trong Bo co kh thi ny (bao gm c tn tht chung trong khai thc 2%) l: A0 = 800.000 m3 nguyn khi/nm Tng ng: A0 = 1.040.000 m3/nm ( nguyn khai n ri) trang 13 1 ca/ngy 2 kp (6gi/kp) 264 ngy 22 ngy
Vi h s bc trung bnh trong ton m l 0,31 m 3/m3 th khi lng t ph phi bc trung bnh hng nm l: V = 248.000 m3 nguyn khi /nm Tng ng: V = 297.600 m3 nguyn khai n ri/nm Am = 1.337.600 m3 nguyn khi /nm * Tui th m. Trn c s tr lng khai thc trong bin gii m v sn lng khai thc hng nm, thi gian tn ti m xc nh nh sau: T = T1 + T2 + T3 =10 nm Trong : T1 = 3 nm- thi gian xy dng c bn v nng cng sut khai thc t cng sut thit k. T2 = 7 nm- thi gian khai thc theo cng sut thit k. T3 = 0,89 nm- thi gian KT no vt, ci to v phc hi mi trng, ng ca m. 1.4.5 c im khu vc khai thc - M Lc Trung c a hnh bng phng v n gin, chnh cao gia khu vc thp nht v khu vc cao nht cha n 2,0 m, m cao khu vc trung tm v thp dn theo hng ra xa khu trung tm. - t ph l cc trm tch thuc 4 lp t c c tnh c l khc nhau gm (st ln sn si laterit, st pha, ct pha v ct ht nh). B dy ca mi lp nh v phi bc hon ton khi khai thc. Do , khi m moong khai thc cn ch la chn chiu cao, gc nghing sn tng khai thc hp l nhm bo m n nh b m, trnh trt l. - M m khai thc n mc -40m, nm di mc nc ngm, phi tho kh bng phng php bm cng bc. Tuy lng nc ngm chy vo m khng ln, nhng vo nhng ngy ma ln, lng nc ma ri trc tip xung lng moong khai thc kh ln. ngn nc chy vo m cn phi p bao quanh khai trng v b tr hp l thit b tho kh m. - Xung quanh khu vc khai thc c h thng mng thu li nn thun tin cho cng tc thot nc m.
Nh vy, tng khi lng m ( + t ph) hng nm ca m l:
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- Cch khu vc khai thc khong 1 km c ng tnh l chy qua, rt thun li cho vic vn chuyn ca m sau ch bin ti ni tiu th. 1.5 V TR V PHNG PHP M VA 1.5.1 La chn v tr m va V tr m va c chn sao cho khi lng m m, xy dng c bn m l nh nht (ni c lp t ph mng nht). Mt khc, v tr m va u tin phi ph hp vi trnh t pht trin cc cng trnh m theo h thng khai thc la chn. Trn nguyn tc , v tr m va u tin ca m c la chn ti v tr trung tm khu vc khai thc, l ni c l gc, khng c t ph, nm gia hai l khoan LK 4-3.3 v LK 3-3 (thuc tuyn thm d s T4). 1.5.2 La chn phng php m va Ph hp vi h thng khai thc v iu kin a hnh ca m, phng php m va s dng cho m l m va bng ho hn hp: Ho dc trong, hon chnh, kt hp vi ho ngoi p hon chnh. 1.6 CC CNG VIC CN THIT KHI M VA Ph hp vi c im a hnh, iu kin khai thc c th ca m, cng tc m va m Lc Trung bao gm cc cng vic sau: - Ni lin vi ng vn chuyn t ph ra khu vc san lp mt bng, khai thc ra khu vc ch bin. - Tin hnh o ho dc hon chnh, bc t ph v n mn to mt bng khai thc u tin c kch thc rng cc thit b khai thc hot ng an ton, c nng sut cao. 1.6.1 Xy dng cc tuyn ng m va vn chuyn nguyn liu sau khi n mn v khu vc ch bin v vn chuyn t ph ra khu vc san lp mt bng (khu ti nh c H M) phi xy dng tuyn ng ni b ni lin v tr m va u tin vi khu vc ch bin (trm p) v t trm p ra ng lin tnh. Tuyn ng ny gm ba on: - on th nht (ho ngoi), ni lin khu vc ch bin vi bin gii khai thc m. - on th hai (ho trong) ni lin on ng th nht ti v tr bin gii m vi v tr khai thc u tin (v tr m va).
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- Mt ng c ri cp phi, ni t trm p ra ng lin tnh vn chuyn t ph ra khu vc san lp mt bng v sn phm i tiu th. Cc thng s chnh ca cc tuyn nh bng 1-3: Bng 1-3 Thng s Chiu di tuyn ng dc dc Chiu rng ng Gc dc taluy : - o - p Kt cu mt ng K hiu L0 i0 B0 cht liu n v m % m on 1 230 0 10 45 Nha on 2 250 <5 10 75 45 Cp phi on 3 750 0 10 45 Nha
1.6.2 Cng tc chun b to mt bng khai thc u tin Mt bng khai thc u tin phi m bo rng thit b khai thc (my khoan, gt, my xc v t) hot ng an ton, hiu qu, ng thi bo m c d tr sn sng cho nhng t n mn khai thc u tin. Vi iu kin c th ca m Lc Trung, mt bng khai thc u tin c xy dng nh sau: - Tin hnh o ho dc bng phng php khoan - n mn trong phong ho (ti nhng v tr khng c t ph) to din hot ng u tin cho my xc, my gt. - ng thi vi vic o ho dc, to din khai thc u tin, s tin hnh bc t ph, m rng din tch mt bng khai thc n kch thc yu cu ca mt bng khai thc u tin. t ph ca m gm cc lp st b ri, ct pha c th xc trc tip bng my xc, kt hp vi my gt, khng phi n mn. - Sau khi bc lp t ph l gc, dn mt bng rng (kch thc ti thiu 120m x180m) s khoan tin hnh t n mn u tin, ct tng khai thc. Tng khi lng t ph cn phi bc to mt bng khai thc u tin, V 0 = 31.750m3 nguyn. Khi lng ny c tnh vo khi lng sn xut nm th nht. 1.6.3 Xy dng h lng, bi thi v trm p 1.6.3.1 Xy dng h lng D n s xy dng mt h lng v tr pha Nam ca khai trng, thu gom nc ma chy trn khu ch bin, nc thi ca khai trng nhm lng ng, x l ht rn, cht
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thi rn cng nghip, du m, ho cht, nc v cc cht thi c lu cha h, sau khi lng nc trong c dng cho vic chng bi khi ch bin, ti ng v ra thit b. Trong thi k XDCB, h c o p ch yu bng t san gt ti ch to lng h (n ct + 13,5m). Khi lng p h thi k XDCB l 4.832m3 (n ct +15,5m). Kch thc h: Di 300m, rng 60m, gc dc ta luy o, p: 350, din tch mt h l 18.000 m2, cao trung bnh 2,5m vi dung tch s dng ton bi thi l 35.000 m 3. Mt bao quanh, rng 5m, di 1.320m. h lng s c p bng my gt kt hp vi my lu, dng my gt, gt t trong lng h p cao , sau mi lt p bng my gt s dng my lu ln cht t thn vi h s m nn l 0,9. m bo bn ct c lng ng v thu hi nc trong cung cp cho xng ch bin v ra thit b, ti ng, h c ngn thnh 2 ngn bng p p. Trong ngn cha bn ct, nc thi v nc ma chy trn, c dung tch ln nht, chim 70% dung tch h; ngn cha nc trong l 30% dung tch h. 1.6.3.2 Xy dng bi thi Ton b khi lng t ph, ct kt mm c s dng cho san lp cc cng trnh v khu ti nh c, do khng cn san gt. 1.6.3.3 Xy dng trm p Ton b khi lng nguyn khai, khai thc c ca m u c chuyn ti trm p (nghin sng). Trm p gm 3 t hp BDSU-250 do SNG sn xut, cng sut theo thit k l 250 tn/gi. Din tch mt bng trm: 22.000m2, kch thc: di: 200m, rng: 110m, cao: 6m; khi lng p: 29.049m3, p theo tng lp, lu ln t K = 0,95. 1.6.3.4 San lp xy dng khu ti nh c D n cn di chuyn ti nh c cho 23 h gia nh m bo mt bng cho khu khai thc, cc cng trnh ph tr, khu vc an ton cho n mn. Tnh Ty Ninh nht tr cho php Cng ty san lp xy dng khu H M, nm st ng l lin tnh, cch m khong 3 km v pha ng, vi din tch 5 ha. t ph mt phn s c vn chuyn san lp khu vc ny. 1.6.4 Thot nc m M ct kt Lc Trung nm trn a hnh mt bng, xung quanh l cc mng mng thy li, thun tin cho thot nc mt. M khai thc xung su, nc mt ri trn din tch mt m v nc ngm hon ton phi thot nc bng bm thot nc cng
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bc. thot nc o h bm thu nc y moong, s dng bm 01 my bm hiu EVARA, cng sut 300m3/gi v 01 chic cng sut 100 m3/gi bm nc ln h lng. - Lng ma ngy ln nht: Theo ti liu quan trc kh tng thy vn, lng ma ngy ln nht o c l 246 mm (thng 10/1952). - Chiu cao ct nc cn tho kh: Theo ti liu quan trc, cao mc nc tnh trung bnh l 14,46m. Chiu cao ct nc cn tho kh s tnh theo tng cao moong, ln nht l 54,46m. - Bn knh ging ln quy i c xc nh l ro = 269 m. - Bn knh nh hng R c xc nh ty theo su khai thc. 1.6.4.1 Tnh ton lng nc chy vo moong khai thc Lng nc chy vo m c 2 ngun chnh: Nc ma ri trc tip xung mt m v nc di t chy vo moong khai thc. a. Lng ma ri trc tip xung mt m c tnh theo cng thc: Q1 =F x Z Trong : F l din tch hng nc, l din tch mt m: 226.857 m2, Z l lng ma ngy ln nht: 246mm. Thay s vo ta c: Q1 = F x Z =226.857 x 0,246 = 55.807m3/ngy m. b. Lng nc ngm chy vo moong khai thc phc v cho tnh ton tho kh m, lng nc ngm chy vo moong khai thc c tnh cho tng cao c th. Kt qu tnh ton c tng hp v trnh by trong bng 1-4 sau: Bng 1-4
C. Tng 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 Din tch (m2) 226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857 K (m/ng) 0,72 0,72 0,72 0,72 0,72 R (m) 123 207 292 377 462 ro (m) 269 269 269 269 269 S (m) 14,46 24,46 34,46 44,46 54,46 h (m) 40 30 20 10 0 H (m) 54,46 54,46 54,46 54,46 54,46 lg (R+r0) 2,593 2,678 2,749 2,810 2,864 lgr0 2,429 2,429 2,429 2,429 2,429 Q (m /ng)
3
5.997 7.633 9.418 11.347 13.416
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1.6.4.2 Tng lng nc chy vo moong khai thc Lng nc ma v nc ngm chy vo moong khai thc c trnh by trong bng 1-5 sau: Bng 1-5
Cao tng (m) 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 Din tch (m2) Lng nc di t (m3/ng) 5.997 7.633 9.418 11.347 13.416 Lng nc ma ngy ln nht (m3/ng) 55.807 55.807 55.807 55.807 55.807 Tng lng nc ngy ln nht (m3/ng) 61.804 63.440 65.225 67.153 69.222
226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857
1.6.5 Nhu cu v nng lng, nhin liu, nc phc v sn xut Nhu cu v nng lng, nhin liu, nc phc v khai thc, ch bin sn xut 800.000m3 nguyn/nm sn phm tnh theo nh mc nh nu trong bng 1-6 Bang 1-6
TT 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Nguyn, nhin liu s dng Nhin liu Du iezel Xng (5% lng du iezel) Du thu lc m bi trn Thuc v vt liu n Thuc n (c n ln 2) Kp n Dy in Dy n Nguyn, nhin liu khc in nng Nc cng nghip Nc sinh hot nh mc tiu hao n v Gi tr kg/tn 0,887 kg/tn 0,04 kg/tn 0,04 kg/tn ci/ tn m/ tn m/ tn KW/tn m3/ngy m3/ngy 0,14 0,0016 0,036 0,018 0,428 60 25 Nhu cu hng nm ca m 1.965,59 tn 78,62 tn 78,62 tn 310,24 tn 3.546 chic 79.776m 39.888m 948.960 KW 18.000m3 9.125m3
a. Nhu cu v nng lng v phng thc cung cp Gn khu vc khai thc m c ng in cao th chy qua, ch ng trong hot ng khai thc thp sng v bo v ca m, cn u t xy dng h thng ng in trung p v 03 trm in h th (1000 KVA) gn m. b. Nhu cu v nhin liu, thuc n v phng thc cung cp
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Nhu cu v nhin liu trong nm ca m: Du diezen 1.965,59 tn/nm, xng 78,62 tn/nm, m 78,22 tn/nm, thuc n 310,24 tn/nm. Xng du do trm xng du Dng Minh Chu cung ng, thuc v vt liu n do Cng ty ho cht m, i din khu vc min Nam cung ng. c. Nhu cu v cp nc sn xut, nc sinh hot v phng thc cung cp Ngun nc cho sn xut: 18.000m3/nm; nc cho sinh hot khi lng nc cp: 9.125m3/nm. * Nhu cu cung cp nc Nhu cu cung cp nc cho khai thc: ch yu chng bi trong qu trnh khoan, cho trm p, cho ti ng...Nhu cu cung cp nc cho trm p, khoan, n, khai thc: 18 m3/ngy, nc cp cho ti ng: 10m3/ngy, nc v sinh cng nghip: 2 m3/h c cp t mng thu li v h lng. Tng nhu cu cp nc cho m l 30m3/h. Nhu cu v nng lng v phng thc cung cp nh nu trong bng 1-7 Bang 1-7 S TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Nhu cu v in in sn xut
D kin cng sut (KVA.h)

75 20 15 30 50 50 10 1.200 72,5 1.530 765.000 27 15 42 183.960
My bm nc khai trng My khoan Chiu sng khai trng Chiu sng khu vc ch bin in phc v khu iu hnh Xng c kh H thng bm nc chng bi H thng nghin sng (03 trm) D phng 5% (1 8) Tng cng, KWh Tng cng nm, KWh (250 ngy/nm, 2ca/ngy)
in thp sng
1 Cho sinh hot 2 Cho bo v, ng i Tng cng, KWh Tng cng, KWh (365 ngy/nm, 12h/ngy)
* Gii php cp nc Ngun nc cho sn xut c ly t h lng x l mi trng v cc knh mng thu li, nm st pha Nam khu m. Nc cho sinh hot c ly t ging khoan, qua x l m bo tiu chun cho sinh hot.
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1.6.6 Ngun lao ng - i ng cn b qun l do Cng ty b sung. - Cng nhn lao ng ph thng c s dng ti ch. Ngun lao ng ny c ti a phng hoc ca Cng ty. - Ngun cng nhn k thut c tuyn chn t ngun o to ca cc trng cng nhn k thut. Mt s cng nhn vn hnh cc thit b c chng c th c o to thm p ng cc yu cu sn xut. 1.6.7 Ngun vt t, thit b k thut - Ngun vt t k thut thng thng nh vt liu xy dng ng, cu cng, nh ca, cc cng trnh ph tr c th mua ti huyn Dng Minh Chu. - Cc vt t k thut chuyn dng, thit b, ph tng my mc thit b, vt liu n,... phi mua ti Ty Ninh, TP H Ch Minh hoc nhp khu. 1.6.8 Thng tin lin lc Hin ti ln cn khu m c mng in thoi quc gia vic iu hnh m qua lin lc trc tip vi X nghip bng in thoi thng thng v in thoi di ng. iu hnh h thng k ton, k hoch s dng h thng my tnh ni mng ni b (mng LAN). 1.6.9 Din tch cc cng trnh xy dng Tng mt bng m bao gm cc khu vc sau: Khu vc khai trng: 22,8 ha; khu vc mt bng cng nghip: 0,4 ha; khu vc kho vt liu n: 0,05 ha; khu vc bi cha t ph: 3,21 ha; Bi ch bin v cha : 1,1 ha, Trm p v bi cha sn phm: 2,2 ha, h lng x l mi trng: 1,8 ha, p bao quanh m: 1,86 ha, o nn mng thy li: 1,58 ha, trng vnh ai cy xanh quanh m bo v mi trng: 5,76 ha. Tng din tch s dng t 40,76 ha. 1.6.10 Khi lng cc cng trnh thi cng Khi lng cc cng trnh thi cng nh bng 1-8 Bng 1-8 TT 1 2 3 4 Cng vic p cc cng trnh ph tr, ng, h lng, bao o hu c cc cng trnh ph tr, ng, h lng, bao o t h lng, t ph trn tng dng p v san lp Khai thc khi XDCB n v m3 m3 m3 m3 Gi tr 99.993 61.269 314.073 868.200
1.6.11 H thng khai thc (HTKT) 1.6.11.1 Phng php khai thc
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Da vo a hnh khai thc c a hnh bng phng, ct kt l trn mt bng, s dng phng php khai thc l thin bng c gii. Cc khu cng ngh: Ph v t bng khoan bn mn l khoan trung bnh, bc xc bng my xc thu lc, vn chuyn bng t, nghin p bng t hp lin hp. 1.6.11.2 Trnh t khai thc Trnh t khai thc c xc nh ph hp vi iu kin a hnh khu m v h thng khai thc chn. Trnh t khai thc ca m nh sau: - Trnh t khai thc chung cho ton m: Khai thc khu vc pha Trung tm khu vc khai thc trc (thuc khi tr lng 2D-121). Cng trnh m c pht trin theo kiu vnh khuyn ly tm, tm quay ti trung tm m, cng trnh m pht trin u theo 4 hng v bin gii kt thc khai thc. - Trnh t khai thc ti tng khu vc t trn xung di theo lp xin. 1.6.11.3 H thng khai thc a. H thng khai thc H thng khai thc c lin quan cht ch vi ng b thit b khai thc s dng cho m. Mt khc h thng khai thc c la chn phi ph hp vi iu kin a hnh ca m, ph hp vi cng sut thit k ca m... Xt iu kin khai thc, k thut cng ngh, thit b thi cng cng nh cng sut khai thc theo thit k, h thng khai thc c chn p dng cho m Lc Trung l: H thng khai thc kiu vnh khuyn ly tm, khai thc theo lp xin, vn ti trc tip trn tng. H thng khai thc ny c mt s u im sau: - C kh nng c gii ho cao, cho php s dng cc thit b c cng sut ln, khi cn thit c th khai thc ng thi trn nhiu tng, p ng c nhu cu sn lng ln. - Thng s ca gng tng khai thc c m rng, iu kin lm vic cho ngi v thit b an ton, t chc cng tc khai thc trn m n gin. - C thi gian di cho cng vic chun b tng mi m bo cho cng tc khai thc c lin tc, khng b gin on v thiu nguyn liu. b. Cc thng s ca h thng khai thc c tnh ton trong bo co d n u t xy dng cng trnh vi cc thng s c bn v gi tr nh nu trong bng 1-9
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TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cc thng s
Chiu cao tng khoan n (khai thc) Chiu cao tng khi kt thc trong Chiu cao tng khi kt thc trong t ph Gc nghing sn tng khai thc Gc nghing sn tng kt thc (trong ) Gc nghing sn tng kt thc (trong t ph) Chiu rng mt tng cng tc ti thiu Chiu rng di khu Chiu di tuyn cng tc: Trong : - Block khoan n mn: - Block ang xc bc: - Block ang np n:
K hiu
Ht Hkt Hp t kt pkt Bmin A Lkt Lkt Lt Lx
n v
m m m m m m m m m
Bng 1-9 Ga tr
10 20,0 5,0-10,0 75 60 20-25 47 12,7 150 50 50 50
1.6.11.4 ng b thit b a. La chn ng b thit b Cn c vo tnh cht c l ca ct kt Lc Trung, cn c vo mc tiu u t v kh nng u t trang b c la chn ca Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO, cn c vo iu kin, tnh cht khai thc, sn lng m, chn cc thit b sn xut u t theo chiu su, mi 100%. Da vo cng sut khai thc, ch lm vic ca m v nng sut thit b, s lng thit b sn xut chnh v nhn lc c nu trong bng 1-10 Bng 1-10
TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Loi thit b
My khoan t hnh My khoan ng b Ba p ng b 110 My o V = 1,2 m3 My n mn My bm nc Q = 100 m3/h Q = 300 m3/h t t 15 tn My gt (KOMASU) i n mn Nghin sng, ch bin Ban gim c K thut, C, my K hoch, ti chnh Tip th tiu th
. v
Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci
M hiu
Kawasaki BMK5 Sola 280 Sola 280 KM-1A EVARA EVARA Huyndai D-6 BDSU-250
S.lng
02 02 02 06 02 01 01 28* 01 04
G.ch
Mi -
S ca
2 2 1 2 3 3 2
Nh. lc
9 (DT 1) 9 (DT 1) 25 (DT 2)
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Ci Ci B
3 3 53 (DT 3) 4 7 30 3 5 2 2
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15 Yt H.chnh, i sng Bo v
Tng cng (ngi) 28* - K c s t dng tiu th sn phm
4 3 162
b. c tnh k thut ca thit b Thit b sn xut chnh c 1s s dng thit b ca dy chuyn c gi tr s dng 80%, t l thit b mi 100%, 1.6.11.5 S cng ngh S cng ngh khai thc ct kt Lc Trung nh hnh 1-1.
Khoan n mn Xc bc
Vn ti bng t
Trm p nghin
Hnh 1-1: S cng ngh khai thc-ch bin ct kt Lc Trung 1.6.11.6 Cc khu cng ngh a. Cng tc khoan n mn - Cc ch tiu tnh ton, la chn c tnh ton la chn trong bo co d n u t xy dng cng trnh vi cc thng s c bn v gi tr nh nu trong bng 1-11 Bng 1-11 TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Tn ch tiu Chiu cao tng khoan n (khai thc) ng knh l khoan Chiu su l khoan Chiu su khoan thm ng khng chn tng Khong cch gia cc l khoan Khong cch gia cc hng l khoan Ch tiu thuc n Lng thuc n trong 1 LK hng ngoi Lng thuc n trong 1 LK hng trong Chiu di np thuc LK hng ngoi Chiu di np thuc LK hng trong K hiu Ht Llk Lkt W a b q Qlk1 Qlk2 Lt1 Lt2 n v m mm mm mm m m m kg/m3 Kg/LK Kg/LK m m S lng 10 105 11,5 1,5 4,7 4,7 4,0 0,35 77,3 63,8 8,59 7,09 trang 24
Chiu di np bua LK hng ngoi Lb1 m 2,91 Chiu di np bua LK hng trong Lb2 m 3,91 3 Sut ph P m /mlk 19,2 Khong cch an ton theo bay Rb m - i vi ngi m 300 - i vi my mc v cng trnh m 150 17 Khong cch an ton v chn ng i vi Rc m 89,9 nh v cng trnh 18 Khong cch an ton theo tc dng ca sng Rkk m 460 p khng kh 19 Mng n mn l mng tam gic u 20 Cng ngh n mn la chn cho m l n mn bng dy n (di l) v kp in vi sai (trn mt). bo m chc chn cho bi n, mi l khoan t 02 dy n song song xung 1 l khoan, chiu di dy n tnh bng 1,1 ln chiu di l khoan. Tng ng: 25m/01 l khoan, lng dy n yu cu trong nm: 92.400 m/nm. Dng thuc thng dng dng trong m l thuc n Anfo chu nc - Tnh ton s lng my khoan t cng sut khai thc m S dng my khoan thu lc t hnh (hiu Kawasaki) v my khoan c ng knh trung bnh ca Nga (BMK5). Vi nng sut trung bnh ca 01 my khoan thc t ti cc m cng nh s dng ti mt s m khu vc ng Nai, Bnh Dng, vi s mt khoan yu cu trong nm nh trn v bo m s lng my khoan s dng 04 my khoan, (gm c my khoan d tr, mi loi 02 chic) - Ph qu c Khi n mn khai thc, v nhiu l do n ra s c mt khi lng nh qu c khng ph hp vi dung tch ca gu my xc, li my gt, thit b vn ti, v.v. do , phi tin hnh ph qu c. Trc y, cc m l thin cng tc ph qu c ch yu s dng phng php khoan n mn bng l khoan con. Phng php ny c nhc im l mt an ton, vng xa, ting n ln. Hin nay cng ngh ph qu c trn m l thin l dng cc u p thu lc c gn trn cc my xc thu lc, u im ca phng php ny l: ting n nh, an ton tuyt i cho ngi lao ng gn khu vc c qu c. b. Cng tc xc bc * Sn lng cn xc bc - Khi lng cn xc bc trong ngy: 3.940m3 nguyn khai n ri /ngy - Khi lng t ph cn bc trong ngy: 1.127m3 nguyn/ngy - Tng khi lng m cn xc bc: 5.067 m3 nguyn khai n ri /ngy
13 14 15 16
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* Phng php xc bc, vn chuyn i tng ca khu xc bc ti m l n mn v t ph. D n s dng 06 my xc thu lc c dung tch gu 1,25 1,5m3 p ng yu cu cho cng tc bc ph v xc bc n mn trn tng. D kin dng my xc thu lc hiu Sola 280 cho cng tc xc bc. t ph xc bc trc tip ln t vn chuyn i san lp, p nn; nguyn liu c p v bng n mn xc bc ln t vn chuyn v trm p. c. Cng tc vn ti i tng ca khu vn ti trong m l t ph cn phi bc v khai thc vi tng khi lng trung bnh l 1.337.600 m3 nguyn khai. Trong : t ph: 297.600 m3 nguyn khai n ri khai thc: 1.040.000 m3 nguyn khai n ri Khi lng vn ti trung bnh trong ngy l:5.067 m3/ngy t ph trong qu trnh khai thc c vn chuyn ra khu ti nh c khu H M din tch 5 ha, cch khu vc khai thc vi cung vn chuyn trung bnh khong 3 km v khu vc khu vc bn & khu dn c VLXD din tch 30 ha, cch khu vc khai thc vi cung vn chuyn trung bnh khong 12 km ; khai thc vn chuyn ra trm p vi cung vn ti trung bnh l 1 km. Dng t t c ti trng 15 tn (hiu Huyndai), nng sut trung bnh vi cung vn ti nu trn l 180-200 m 3/ca. Do , tng s xe cn s dng vn ti cho khu khai thc ti m l 25 chic. Ngoi ra, vn chuyn thnh phm ti cng sng, cn s dng 03 t cng loi. Tng s t s dng: 28 chic. d. Cng tc san gt san gt t ph cn phi bc v mt phn khi lng n mn trong khi xc bc ln phng tin vn ti, khi lng t bc (t ph + thi) trung bnh hng nm l: 297.600 m3 n ri/nm. Khi lng t ph, my gt tham gia gt ph tr cho my xc chim 10%, tng ng 29.760 m3/nm. Khi lng san gt ph tr cho khu xc bc trn tng chim 10% khi lng khai thc hng nm l: 80.000m3 nguyn khai n ri/nm, tng khi lng (n ri) san gt hng nm l: 109.760 m3/nm. S dng 01 my gt KOMASU m hiu D-6 c cng sut 200-250 CV san gt t ph v gt ph tr cho khu xc bc.
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e. Cng tc ch bin Ch bin l khu quyt nh sn phm khai thc thnh sn phm thng phm, ng thi n cng quyt nh hiu qu ca qu trnh khai thc v ch bin. V vy vic chn mt cng ngh ch bin v cc thit b ch bin em li hiu qu kinh t cao l mt yu cu quan trng. i vi m Lc Trung, ch bin khong sn chnh l cng vic t chc p, nghin v sng phn loi thnh cc loi khc nhau theo yu cu ca th trng. * Cng sut ch bin Ton b khi lng nguyn khai khai thc c ca m u c chuyn ti khu vc ch bin (nghin sng). Nh vy, cng sut u vo ca cng tc nghin sng l: A0 = 1.040.000 m3 nguyn khai/nm. Cc sn phm u ra sau ch bin c th nh sau: - kch c 0 x 4 cm: 416.000 m3/nm - kch c 1 x 2 cm: 468.000 m3/nm - mt thng: 156.000 m3/nm Vi t l tiu hao nguyn liu trong thc t: - kch c 1 x 2 cm: - kch c 0 x 4 cm: - mi bi: * La chn thit b + Ch lm vic Ch lm vic i vi b phn xay nghin nh sau: - S thng lm vic trong nm: - S ngy lm vic trong thng: - S ngy lm vic trong nm: - S gi lm vic trong ngy: + Chn thit b nghin sng. Vic la chn thit b nghin sng cho m c thc hin theo nguyn tc: Thit b la chn ph hp vi tnh cht c l ca m nhm tng tui th ca thit b; ph tng thay th d dng mua trn th trng; p ng c nhu cu sn xut lu di, mang li hiu qu kinh t cao. 12 thng 22 ngy 264 ngy 6 gi x 2 kp = 2 gi 45% m3 nguyn liu/m3 sn phm 40% m3 nguyn liu/m3 sn phm 15% m3 nguyn liu/m3 sn phm
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Khi lng nguyn khai u vo tnh theo ngy l:3.940 m3/ngy; 1.970 m3/ca (kp); 328 m3/h (tng ng vi 689 tn/h). Qua kho st thit b ch bin (nghin sng) ang s dng ti cc m ln cn, ph hp vi tnh cht c l t m chn thit b nghin sng cho m l t hp nghin sng m hiu BDSU-250 do SNG sn xut. Cng sut theo thit k l 250 tn/gi. p ng yu cu cng sut u vo khi ch bin, s lng t hp nghin sng cn c l: 3 b. phc v vic xc sn phm, xc b nguyn vt liu v gom gt, dn bi cha sn phm. Mi t hp xay, nghin u b tr 01 my bc c dung tch gu E = 3,5 m 3 (01 chic d phng). Tng cng 04 chic. g. Tng hp vt t, vt liu Khi lng m, khi lng nhin liu v nguyn liu khi xy dng c bn m Lc Trung - Lc Ninh - Dng Minh Chu trong nm nh gi tr bng 1-12.
Bng 1-12 TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ch tiu Bc t ph Khai thc nguyn liu o, p ng, p mng, p trm p, bi ch bin hc Din tch thi cng, (thu nc ma) Nc ti ng v phc v khai thc Nc sinh hot in nng Du diezen Xng M khong Thuc n n v m nguyn/nm m3 nguyn/nm m3 nguyn/nm
3
Ga tr 68.649 868.200 314.110 54.507 18.000 9.125 948.960 1.965,59 78,62 78,62 391,69
m2 m3/nm m3/nm KWh/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm
1.6.11.7 D kin ngun vn u t: Tng hp chi ph sn xut Bng 1-13 TT 1 Loi chi ph Chi ph khai thc Nm 2007 13.996 Nm 2008 19.595 Nm 2009 27.992 Nm 2010 27.992 Nm 2011 27.992 trang 28
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Chi ph ch bin Nhin liu phc v in nng phc v Khu hao c bn Sa cha ln (30% KHCB) Chi ph qun l 5% Chi ph mi trng Ph mi trng K qu mi trng Thu ti nguyn Li vay vn lu ng Li vay vn u t Thu t Tng cng Hiu qu sn xut kinh doanh
12.452 50 15 7.462 1.488 1.648 30 1.040 90 520 237 2.493 60 41.581
17.433 70 20 7.462 2.238 2.340 100 1.456 90 728 475 4.986 60 57.053
24.904 90 25 7.462 2.238 2.238 150 2.080 90 1.040 475 3.740 60 73.481
24.904 90 25 7.462 2.238 2.238 150 2.080 90 1.040 475 2.493 60 72.234
24.904 90 25 7.462 2.238 2.238 150 2.080 90 1.040 475 1.240 60 70.987
Bng 1-14 TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ch tiu Tng doanh thu Thu VAT Doanh thu sau thu Tng chi ph Li gp (1-4) Thu thu nhp Li nhun thun Phn phi li nhun - Tr gc vn u t Ti u t 20% Cc t l ti chnh - Vng quay ti sn lu ng
(TDT/TSLD)
Nm 2007 41.476 2.074 43.550 41.581 (-105) (-105) -
Nm 2008 58.067 2.903 60.970 57.053 1.014 284 730 146 17 1,26% 1,38%
Nm 2009 82.952 4.418 87.100 73.481 9.472 2.652 6.820 1.500 1.364 25 8,22%
Nm 2010 82.952 4.418 87.100 72.234 10.718 3.001 7.717 1.500 1.543 25 9,30%
Nm 2011 82.952 4.418 87.100 70.987 11.966 3.350 8.616 1.500 1.723 25
Nm 2012 82.952 4.418 87.100 69.740 13.212 3.350 9.513
1.902 25
10,39% 11,47%
- Li nhun thun/doanh thu - Li nhun / tng kinh ph u t
12,93% 14,63% 16,34% 18,04%
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CHNG 2 IU KIN T NHIN, MI TRNG V KINH T-X HI 2.1 IU KIN T NHIN V MI TRNG 2.1.1 iu kin v a l, a cht 2.1.1.1 iu kin v a l, dn c a. V tr, a hnh M Lc Trung nm trn a phn x Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh. Trung tm khu m cch th x Ty Ninh 20 km theo ng chim bay v pha Ty Bc v cch ni Ba en 17 km v pha Bc. Din tch khu vc khai thc rng 22,8 ha nm trong ranh gii xc nh bi cc im gc c to nh bng 1-1 mc 3.1 chng 1 a hnh khu vc m tng i bng phng, t cy ci, cao tuyt i ca b mt a hnh t 15-18m. Phn ln i hnh c khai ph trng mu, cy n qu. Mt phn l th c ca nhn dn. b. H thng sng sui Trong phm vi m khng c sng, sui, ch c vi knh nh dn nc thu li t h Du Ting phc v cho ti tiu trong canh tc nng nghip. c. iu kin giao thng Giao thng khu m rt thun tin. T m c ng n quc l 22 khong 10km; ra sng Si Gn khong 8 km. Trong ni vi khu m c nhiu ng t v ng cp phi xe t c th i c d dng, nn rt thun li cho cng tc vn chuyn sn phm. d. c im dn c, vn ho
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Khu vc khai thc m trng vi din tch canh tc, trng trt ca nhn dn a phng. Dn c sng ri rc trong din tch khai thc. Phn ln dn c y l ngi Kinh. Ngoi ra cn mt s t ngi Hoa v ngi Khme. Nhn dn khu vc m sinh sng ch yu bng ngh nng, i sng kinh t v tinh thn ngy cng n nh v ci thin. Khng nhng th cng tc gio dc, y t cng c quan tm ng mc. Ti x c trng ph thng c s cho con em nhn dn lao ng c hc hnh, c bnh x khm, cha bnh cho nhn dn. e. c im kinh t Khu vc m nm trong khu vc kinh t nng nghip l ch yu. Cc trung tm huyn, th hin ang c trin khai xy dng nn c nhu cu s dng vt liu xy dng rt cao. Hin ti, in li quc gia ph n cc im dn c quanh m v n m phc v cho qu trnh khai thc, ch bin xy dng ti m. Tm li iu kin kinh t t nhin v x hi ti y rt thun li cho qu trnh khai thc v tiu th sn phm ca m. 2.1.1.2 iu kin a cht Din tch thm d c cu trc a cht tng i n gin. gc l cc thnh to ct kt tuf, ct sn kt tuf v st bt kt b sng ha, c dng mt khi ni st trong bn trm tch t. c th nm 100105 5060. Trong phm vi m, chng thng b cc trm tch h tng Th c ph trc tip ln trn b mt vi chiu dy khng n nh, thay i t 1m n trn 50m. a . i tng Theo kt qu cng tc o v bn a cht khong sn cng nh cc ti liu a cht khc nghin cu trong khu vc [2; 3; 4; 5; 6], trong khu vc nghin cu c mt cc thnh to a cht sau y: trm tch Trias thng h tng Du Ting (T3dt), thnh to trm tch Plestocen trung - thng h tng Th c, thnh to trm tch hn hp m ly - h Holocen trung -thng (blQ23). Di y s ln lt m t a tng theo trt t t di ln: 1. H tng Du Ting (T3dt) Cc trm tch h tng Du Ting l ra khng nhiu ti khu vc pha Ty m, cc ao, h o ca nhn dn. Phn ln trong din tch thm d, chng b ph bt chnh hp bi cc trm tch h tng Th c. Kt qu thm d cho thy cc trm tch ny gm 4 loi sau: - Ct sn kt tuf: gp trong cc l khoan thm d pha Ty m, nm xen kp vi ct kt tuf. c mu xm, ni ban trn nn ht mn. Kin trc ct sn, nn kin trc vi ht. Thnh phn khong vt ca nh sau:
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+ Ht vn chim 44-46% gm: Thch anh: 5-4%; Plagioclas: 7-8%; vn phun tro acit: 5-6%; vn phun tro trung tnh: 20%; vn phun tro trung tnh b sng ha: 7-8%. + Nn chim 56-54% gm: Felspat, thch anh, epidot-zoizit, actinolit, biotit v t khong vt qung. - Ct kt tuf: Gp phn ln cc l khoan pha Ty din tch thm d, chim ch yu trong a tng cc l khoan. c mu xm xanh nht, cu to khi, kin trc ct ht nh trn nn vi ht. Thnh phn khong vt ch yu nh sau: + Ht vn chim 3745% gm tp hp cc khong vt thch anh: 25-27%; Plagioclas: 8-10%; Sphen: t; vn phun tro axit: 2-3%; vn silic: 4-5%; vn quarzit 3-4%. + Nn chim 55-63% gm tp hp cc Felspat, thch anh, epidot-zoizit, actinolit, biotit. Ngoi ra cn c t oxit st, khong vt qung. - Ct bt kt b bin i sng ha: Gp trong mt vi l khoan thm d (LK5-3.1) dng cc lp xen kp vi ct sn kt tuf, ct kt tuf v st bt kt. c mu xm xanh, cu to khi. Kin trc ct bt bin d, xi mng c s. Thnh phn khong vt ch yu nh sau: + Ht vn chim 37% gm: Thch anh: 26-28%; Plagioclas: 8-10%; khong vt mu b bin i: 1%; zircon: t. + Nn chim 63% gm tp hp cc khong vt felspat, thch anh, epidot-zoizit, actinolit v t khong vt qung. Hm lng SO3 ca ct bt kt b sng ha trung bnh 0,65%. - St bt kt b sng ha: Gp trong cc l khoan thm d, nm xen kp vi cc ct kt tuf. c mu xm, ht mn. Cu to phn lp hoc cu to nh hng yu. Thnh phn khong vt ch yu l tp hp cc khong vt st, sericit, epidotzoirit, actinolit 78-79%; thch anh, silic 20-22%; oxit st, khong vt qung: t. Cc ny u b bin cht sng ha nn rt cng chc. Nh vy cc ca h tng Du Ting trong khu m gm c ct kt tuf, ct sn kt tuf, dm sn kt tuf, st bt kt b sng ha v ct bt kt b sng ha u c chung mt c im l b bin cht nhit rt mnh. c cng khng nn rt cao. Hm lng cc cht c hi (SO3, tng kim, hot phng x) thp, hon ton p ng yu cu s dng lm xy dng. B dy d on ca h tng khong 500m. 2. H t. Thng Pleistocen trung-thng. H tng Th c (aQ12-3t)
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Cc trm tch ny phn b rng khp din tch thm d, din phn b ca h tng m rng v cc pha Bc, ng v Nam bao trm c khu vc thm d. a hnh phn b trm tch h tng Th c cao t 14-15m, to nn b mt a hnh kh bng phng. Theo ti liu cc l khoan thm d cho thy c im h tng Th c t trn xung nh sau: - Tng t ph dy 0 - 5m, phn b khng u, chiu dy khng n nh. Thnh phn ch yu l sn si laterit ln ct bt st, c ln t r cy. - Tng ct sn, st bt c cha kaolin, c ni khng cha kaolin, b ri, chiu dy thay i tht thng, trung bnh khong 5m. Ring l khoan LK4-5 c chiu dy tng ct, st kaolin n 22m ( su t 3 n 25m l tng ct-st kaolin mu xm trng). - Tip xung l tng ct n thun, mu xm vng, xm trng, ht trung n th xen ln ct ht nh, trng thi b ri, c ni cha sn si thch anh trn cnh, c ht 0,21,5cm (LK3-5; LK3-6; LK4-5; LK4-6; LK4-7; LK7-3; LK7-6; LK7-7). Chiu dy tng ct ny hn 50 mt, ct l khoan c su t 50m vn cha ht ct). Ct kh sch khng ln tp cht khng phn chia thnh tng lp b ri kh ly mu. Tng ct ny l i tng thm d lm ct xy dng. Quan h a tng ca h tng Th c: v quan h trn trong phm vi m khng c. Quan h di, chng ph bt chnh hp ln b mt gc h tng Du Ting (quan st cc l khoan thm d pha Ty m). 3. H t - Thng Holocen - Ph thng trung-thng - Trm tch hn hp m ly - h (blQ22-3) Thnh to trm tch hn hp m ly- h phn ho dng vng cung, tri t pha Ty Bc qua trung tm v pha Nam v Ty Nam. Thnh phn ca ht thay i t mn n th. T trn xung di ch yu l st bt mu xm ln mn xc thc vt, thu knh st than v than bn mu nu, nu en, b dy 1-5m. Nh vy v mt cu trc a cht, khu vc nghin cu c cc thnh to a cht tui t Trias mun n Holocen gia-mun. Thnh to trm tch h tng Du Ting (T3dt) trong vng thm d c lin h so snh tng t vi mt ct a cht gp ti LKTN5 x Long Thnh Nam, th x Ty Ninh v cc l ra ti khu vc i Tri B nay l khu ngha trang x Tn Phong, huyn Tn Bin, tnh Ty Ninh v mt vi din l nh khc khu vc Ty Nam Tn Phong. b. Kin to Nh trn trnh by, m Lc Trung l mt m c 2 loi hnh khong sn ( xy dng v ct xy dng). xy dng l cc trm tch phun tro xen trm tch lc nguyn h tng Du Ting b bin cht sng ha mnh, phn b nh mt khi ni st nm trong bn trm tch t, tp trung trn mt din tch pha Ty m. c cu to khi hoc
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cu to phn di vi th nm khng n nh, trong gp rt nhiu vi un np b cc khe nt nh xuyn ct v lm dch chuyn. Phn ln cc khe nt u b trm bi cc mch thch anh, calcit nhit dch. Gc dc ca cc lp o trong l khoan khng n nh, thay i t 5060o. Theo ti liu a cht khu vc, chng c th nm 1001050 50 60o. Qu trnh theo di khoan cho thy mu ly ln c lin khi cao, rt cng chc nn t nhiu nh hng n iu kin khai khc, ch bin sau ny. c. Khong sn v thnh phn hc Khong sn cha trong khng nhiu, hm lng thp t c gi tr kinh t, c th: - Ct sn kt tuf: Thnh phn ha hc trung bnh (%) ca ct sn kt tuf nh sau: SiO2: 58,87; Al2O3: 15,00; FeO: 0,59; Fe2O3: 10,58; CaO: 6,04; MgO: 1,05; Na2O: 2,32; K2O: 0,83; MnO: 0,19; TiO2: 0,93; P2O5: 1,01; SO3: 0,42. - Ct kt tuf: Thnh phn ha hc trung bnh (%) ca ct kt tuf nh sau: SiO2: 60,17; Al2O3: 13,52; FeO: 0,59; Fe2O3: 8,02; CaO: 7,57; MgO: 2,36; Na2O: 2,95; K2O: 1,61; MnO: 0,16; TiO2: 0,87; P2O5: 0,81; SO3: 0,36. - Ct bt kt b bin i sng ha: Hm lng SO3 ca ct bt kt b sng ha trung bnh 0,65%. - St bt kt b sng ha: Thnh phn ha hc trung bnh (%) ca st bt kt b sng ha nh sau: SiO2: 56,31; Al2O3: 16,23; FeO: 0,56; Fe2O3: 8,29; CaO: 8,42; MgO: 2,44; Na2O: 2,13; K2O: 1,70; MnO: 0,14; TiO2: 0,99; P2O5: 0,99; SO3: 0,40. Nh vy cc ca h tng Du Ting trong khu m gm c ct kt tuf, ct sn kt tuf, dm sn kt tuf, st bt kt b sng ha v ct bt kt b sng ha u c chung mt c im l b bin cht nhit rt mnh. c cng khng nn rt cao. Hm lng cc cht c hi (SO3, tng kim, hot phng x) thp, hon ton p ng yu cu s dng lm xy dng. B dy d on ca h tng khong 500m. 2.1.1.3 c im cu to thn khong Kt qu thm d cho thy trong phm vi m c 2 thn khong sn c ngun gc khc nhau: Thn khong xy dng v thn khong ct xy dng. Thnh phn thch hc, c im phn b cng nh cht lng ca chng l: a. Thn khong xy dng Thn khong xy dng phn b pha Ty din tch thm d. Cu to nn thn khong ny l cc trm tch ct sn kt tuf, cui kt tuf xen kp ct bt kt, st bt kt b bin cht sng ha nm xen kp nhau, c dng mt ni st trong bn trm tch t. c gc dc thay i t 5060o, cm v pha ng ng Nam (100105o). Trn b mt,
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thn khong ny l ra trn mt din tch hp phn pha Ty m. Phn ln thn khong b ph bi cc trm tch h tng Th c vi thnh phn ch yu l ct pha, ct ln bt st kaolin. Chiu dy t ph thay i t 1m (LK3-3) n 49,5 m (LK3-1) ; trung bnh 21,05m. t ph c thnh phn l st, st pha v ct pha. 1. Cng khng nn ca trong thn khong tuy c thnh phn khng n nh, nhng rt cng chc, u t yu cu s dng lm xy dng. C th nh sau : - Ct kt tuf, ct sn kt tuf (lp 2): c cng khng nn trng thi t nhin trung bnh t 1.922 KG/cm2 ; cng khng nn trung bnh trng thi bo ha t 1.790 KG/cm2. - Dm sn kt tuf (lp 3): c cng khng nn trng thi t nhin trung bnh t 1.933 KG/cm2 ; cng khng nn trung bnh trng thi bo ha t 1.844 KG/cm2. - Ct bt kt dng quarzit b sng ha (lp 3): c cng khng nn trng thi t nhin trung bnh t 1.686 KG/cm2 ; cng khng nn trung bnh trng thi bo ha t 1.587 KG/cm2. - St bt kt b sng ha (lp 4): c cng khng nn trng thi t nhin trung bnh t 1.577 KG/cm2 ; cng khng nn trung bnh trng thi bo ha t 1.476 KG/cm2. 2. c im thch ha Kt qu phn tch 5 mu quang ph bn nh lng cho thy thnh phn cc nguyn t vi lng khng c d thng, cc nguyn t qung nh Sn, Mo, Pb cng nh cc nguyn t phng x c hm lng thp so vi tr s Clark, do khng nh hng n cht lng thn khong. Kt qu xc nh cng phng x mu cho thy cng phng x t nhin ca chng t 9,4117,36 R/h ; trung bnh t 13,49 R/h. Cng ny nh hn gii hn cho php i vi xy dng (< 20 R/h ) Nh vy, kt qu thm d xc nh c trong m c 1 thn khong xy dng h tng Du Ting t tiu chun s dng lm xy dng. b. Thn khong ct xy dng Ct xy dng ti m phn b kh rng ri phn din tch cn li, c xu hng ko di v pha ng, ng Bc v ng Nam m. Trong phm vi thm d, chng b ph bi lp ph mng, thay i t 37,5m ; trung bnh 4,9m. Qua cc cng trnh thm d kho st, chiu dy thn ct cha xc nh, n su 50m vn cha khng ch c. Kt qu phn tch cho thy trong thn khong gm c ct ht to, va, nh v rt nh xen
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kp nhau. Trong ct ht va (m un ln t 22,5) chim u th. Ct ht nh (m un ln t 1<2) v ct ht to (m un ln t >2,53,3) chim t hn. Ct ht rt nh (mo un ln t 0,7<1) chim rt t. Thnh phn khong vt ct ch yu l thch anh, t hn l felspat kali. Cc khong vt mm yu khc nh mnh st, biotit, muscovic c hm lng rt thp. Cng tc thm d tnh tr lng c thc hin theo mt n ring. 2.1.1.4 iu kin khai thc v s c sp l iu kin khai thc m, phn b nc mt, xc nh c tnh thm, mc giu nc v c im thnh phn ho hc, vi lng v vi trng ca nc di t, t cu to khu m cha nc ngm. Lng nc ngm chy vo cng trnh khai thc mc trung bnh. Tnh cht c l nghin cu y cho cc i tng t ph, nguyn liu. Sc bn c hc ca nguyn liu ct kt cao, bo m an ton khai thc cn tnh ton cc thng s b m hp l theo cu to a cht ca m (s c cc gii php nu trong chng 4) Nhn chung thnh phn ho hc, c tnh c l t khu vc m, c im a cht cng trnh, a cht thu vn, n nh ca taluy o, p c gi tr la chn n nh cao hn gi tr cho php do s t gy s c sp l, nh hng n mi trng. 2.1.2 iu kin v kh tng - thu vn 2.1.2.1 Kh hu Khu m nm trong vng nhit i gi ma nng m, chu nh hng ca kh hu min ng Nam B. Hng nm, kh hu thay i theo hai ma r rt. Theo ti liu kh tng thu vn ti trm Du Ting cc c trng c bn v kh hu khu vc m nh sau: - Ma ma ko di t thng 4 n thng 10. Nhit trung bnh 27,540C. Lu lng ma trung bnh 278,7mm. m trung bnh: 80%. - Ma kh ko di t thng 11 n thng 3 nm sau. Nhit trung bnh 26,180C. Lu lng ma trung bnh 48,6mm. m trung bnh: 71%. 2.1.2.2 Ch thu vn sng sui Trong phm vi m khng c sng, sui, ch c vi knh nh dn nc thu li t h Du Ting phc v cho ti tiu trong canh tc nng nghip. 2.2 IU KIN A CHT M NH HNG N MI TRNG 2.2.1 ng knh v phn trm ca cc c ht khi n mn v xc bc Khi n mn ph v t sinh ra cc cp ht nh lm nhim mi trng, trong 100% cc ht kch thc nh gy nhim khng kh c thnh phn nh sau:
trang 36
ht 2mm chim: ht t 0,0425mm n 2mm chim t: ht t 0,05mm n 0,075mm chim: ht t 0,075mm n 0,005mm chim:
0,8-17,6%. 5,5-54,7%. 43,2-63,1%. 2,5-4,6%.
ht t < 0,005mm n 0,002mm chim: 1,4-3,5%. 2.2.2 Thnh phn ho hc ca t v khong sn khu vc m Kt qu phn tch thnh phn ha hc ca cc loi trong m c tng hp trong bng 2-1. Bng 2-1
Tn MKN SiO2 Al2O3 FeO Fe2O3 CaO Mg O Na2 O K2O MnO TiO2 P2O5 SO3
Ct kt tuf Dm sn kt tuf St bt kt sng ha
0,62 0,38 0,74
60,1 7 58,8 7 56,3 1
13,5 2 15,0 0 16,2 3
0,59 0,59 0,56
8,02 10,58 8,29
7,57 6,04 8,42
2,36 1,05 2,44
2,95 2,32 2,13
1,61 0,83 1,70
0,16 0,19 0,14
0,87 0,93 0,99
0,81 1,01 0,99
0,36 0,42 0,40
Nhn chung, thnh phn ha hc ca khng nh hng n cht lng . Cc cht c hi nh SO3, tng kim u thp, nm trong gii hn cho php. 2.2.3 Tnh cht c l t m 2.2.3.1 Tnh cht c l t ph Lp t ph t trn xung gm 4 lp: Lp 1: st ln sn si laterit; lp 2: st pha; lp 3: ct pha; lp 4: ct ( gm 4 ph lp: Ph lp 4a (lp 1.1); ph lp 4b (lp 1.2); ph lp 4c(lp 1.3); ph lp 4d(lp 1.4). Cc tnh cht c l t ph c th hin trong bng 2-2. Bng 2-2 TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Lp t
Th trng t nhin W Th trng kh c Gc ma st trong Lc dnh kt C H s nn ln a1 Ch s do I st B M un tng bin dng
n v
g/cm g/cm3 KG/cm2 cm2/KG % KG/cm2
3
Lp 1
1,97 1,59 18o04 0,365 0,027 18,9 0,14 44,89
Lp 2
1,93 1,61 19o25 0,203 0,031 13,0 0,28 50,89
Lp 3
1,91 1,65 25o26 0,121 0,025 6,7 0,24 80,34
trang 37
Cc tnh cht c l cc lp ph, lp ct c th hin trong bng 2-3. Bng 2-3 TT Lp t Dung trng Lc dnh kt, c H s an ton K H s mm yu Gc ma st trong Khi lng th tch xp Khi lng th tch cht xp M un ln Gc ngh t Gc ngh kh n v tn/m3 tn/m2 KG/m3 KG/m3 % Lp 1.1 1,97 3,65 1,20 0,90 18,07 1.475 1.755 44,55 2,79 33o03 40o36 Lp 1.2 1,93 2,03 1,20 0,90 19,42 1.435 1.726 45,95 2,25 32o54 39o43 Lp 1.3 1,91 1,21 1,40 0,90 25,43 1.362 1.700 48,06 1,25 31o15 40o16 Lp 1.4 1,73 0,00 1,40 0,90 32,60 1.338 1.648 49,25 0,8 31o17 40o31
2.2.3.2 Tnh cht c l nguyn liu Di lp t ph l lp nguyn liu t trn xung gm 4 4 lp: lp 1- ct kt tuf, ct sn kt tuf; lp 2- Dm sn kt tuf; lp 3- Ct bt kt dng quarzit b sng ha; lp 4- St bt kt b sng ha. Tng hp ch tiu c l c trnh by trong bng 24. Bng 2-4 Cc ch tiu n v Lp 1 Lp 2 Lp 3 m t nhin % 0,18 0,18 0,11 3 Dung trng t nhin T/m 2,77 2,75 2,78 3 T trng T/m 2,83 2,83 2,83 2 Cng khng nn t nhin KG/cm 1.922 1.933 1.686 2 Cng khng nn bo ho KG/cm 1.790 1.844 1.587 Lc dnh kt KG/cm2 432 411 367 Gc ni ma st 46,24 47,57 47,33 ht nc % 0,31 0,29 0,27 rng % 2,27 2,96 1,76 2.2.4 Thnh phn ha hc xy dng ti m Lc Trung c thnh phn ha hc (%) nh bng 2-5 Lp 4 0,08 2,80 2,83 1.577 1.476 367 46,31 0,19 1,26
bng 2-5
trang 38
Gi tr Max Min TBn h Max Min TBn h Max Min TBn h
MKN
SiO2
Al2O3
FeO
Fe2O3
CaO
MgO
Na2O
K2O
MnO
TiO2
P2O5
SO3 0,9 9 0,0 1 0,3 6 0,7 3 0,2 1 0,4 2 0,9 1 0,0 6 0,4 0
Ct kt tuf 61,7 0,7 0,94 14,61 4 2 58,6 0,4 0,23 12,57 8 9 60,1 0,5 0,62 13,52 7 9 Ct sn kt tuf 58,8 0,5 0,38 15,00 7 9 58,8 0,5 0,38 15,00 7 9 58,8 0,5 0,38 15,00 7 9 St bt kt b sng ha 60,5 0,6 1,89 17,63 6 7 54,0 0,4 0,15 14,97 9 1 56,3 0,5 0,74 16,23 1 6 Ct bt kt dng quarzit
8,75 7,57 8,02
8,39 7,00 7,57
2,74 1,89 2,36
3,45 2,23 2,95
2,17 0,75 1,61
0,20 0,08 0,16
0,95 0,76 0,87
0,94 0,56 0,81
10,58 10,58 10,58
6,04 6,04 6,04 10,3 6 7,40 8,42 Max
1,05 1,05 1,05
2,32 2,32 2,32
0,83 0,83 0,83
0,19 0,19 0,19
0,93 0,93 0,93
1,01 1,01 1,01
10,95 6,76 8,29
2,84 1,66 2,44 0,95
2,82 1,64 2,13 Min
2,08 1,33 1,70 0,40
0,20 0,10 0,14 TBn h
1,04 0,96 0,99 0,65
1,20 0,74 0,99
Qua kt qu phn tch thnh phn ha hc cc trong m u c cc cht c hi nh nh SO3 v tng kim rt thp, khng nh hng n cht lng khi dng sn xut vt liu xy dng. 2.2.5 Hot tnh phng x Kt qu o tham s vt l ca 6 mu cc loi trong l khoan cho kt qu o tham s phng x nh bng 2-6. Bng 2-6
TT S hiu mu Khi v su (m) lng (g) 1 2 3 4 LK4-3/1 LK3-3/1 LK4-3.4/1 LK4-3.2/5 935,5 308,0 337,2 432,1 Gi tr o (xung/ph) I phng=702x/p, I chun=768x/p Ln 1 Ln 2 Ln 3 1.098 1.236 1.152 930 828 972 996 1.008 1.020 966 1.008 984 PPM Cng phng x ( R/h) 9,41 12,92 17,36 12,57 Tn
14,471 19,875 26,707 19,343
Ct sn kt tuf Ct kt St bt kt Bt kt xm xanh
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LK5-3.1/3 Max Min Trung bnh
350,2
972 1.098 930 992
948 1.236 828 1.006
1.020 1.152 972 1.030
23,362 26,707 14,471 20,752
15,19 17,36 9,41 13,49
Ct bt kt
Nhn xt: Qua phn tch cc nguyn t phng x trong ct kt khu Lc Trung qua 6 mu phn tch phng x u c hm lng thp. Tng hp kt qu o tham s phng x ti m cho thy cc loi lm vt liu xy dng trong m c kt qu xc nh cng phng x mu cho thy cng phng x t nhin ca chng t 9,4117,36 R/h ; trung bnh t 13,49 R/h. Cng ny nh hn gii hn cho php i vi xy dng (< 20 R/h ) Yu t nh hng duy nht gy ra nhim mi trng khi khai thc l s lng bi, kh c, c ht v cc ht l lng trong nc ma chy trn, nc thi cng nghip. Trong khu vc thm d cc thnh phn ho hc ph c hi u nh hn gii hn cho php. 2.2.6 Cac nguyen to vi lng i kem Ket qua phan tch 5 mau quang pho ban nh lng cua cac a trong mo cho thay cac nguyen to vi lng i kem trong cac a eu co ham lng rat thap. Khong co d thng, khng c gi tr v khai khong v kinh t. Chi tiet thanh phan vi lng cac loai a trong mo c tong hp va trnh bay trong bang 2-7 sau: Bang 2-7
TT
Tn nuyn t
Ba V Mn Ti Co Ni
Gi tr S hiu mu
LK4-4/1 LK3-3.3/1 LK4-3.4/1 LK4-3.2/2 LK5-3.1/1
Ln nht, nh nht
MAX MIN
TB 0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
1 2 3 4 5 6
0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0020
0,01 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
0,02 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
0,01 0,0150 0,0500 0,5000 0,0010 0,0020
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TT
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Tn nuyn t
Cr Mo Sn Cu Ag Pb Zn Ga Be Nb Zr Na La Y Yb Se
Gi tr S hiu mu
LK4-4/1 LK3-3.3/1 LK4-3.4/1 LK4-3.2/2 LK5-3.1/1
Ln nht, nh nht
MAX MIN
0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,0050 0,0002 0,0100 0,0100 0,0020 0,0002 0,0070 3,0000 0,0050 0,0030 0,0002 0,0005
0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,0050 0,0001 0,0050 0,0030 0,0020 0,0002 0,0010 0,0070 2,0000 0,0050 0,0030 0,0002 0,0005
0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,0050 0,0001 0,0070 0,0030 0,0020 0,0002 0,0010 0,0070 2,0000 0,0030 0,0002 0,0005
0,0050 0,0003 0,0003 0,0050 0,0000 0,0050 0,0030 0,0015 0,0010 0,0070 2,0000 0,0030 0,0002 0,0005
0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,0050 0,0000 0,0070 0,0050 0,0020 0,0010 0,0070 2,0000 0,0020 0,0002 0,0005
0,0050 0,0003 0,0003 0,01 0,00 0,01 0,01 0,00 0,0002 0,00 0,01 3,00 0,01 0,00 0,00 0,00
0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,01 0,00 0,01 0,00 0,00 0,0002 0,00 0,01 2,00 0,01 0,00 0,00 0,00
TB 0,0050 0,0002 0,0003 0,01 0,00 0,01 0,00 0,00 0,0002 0,00 0,01 2,20 0,01 0,00 0,00 0,00
2.2.7 Cc yu t kh tng t nhin Cc s liu v kh tng ca khu vc tin hnh d n c tham kho theo s liu chng trnh tin b khoa hc k thut cp Nh nc 42A. S liu ly theo khu vc trm kh tng Ty Ninh, v khu m gn trm kh tng ny nht. 2.2.7.1 Kh hu Kh hu ca khu vc khai thc m chu nh hng ca 2 vng kh hu ng bng Nam B v vng ni B en ca tnh Ty Ninh, mt nm c 2 ma: ma kh v ma ma. Cc s liu v kh hu ca khu vc m th hin trong bng 2-8. Bng 2-8
Thng Nhit m kh TB kh TB, tng 0 C i, % 25,4 70 26,9 70 28,2 69 28,8 72 28,2 80 Lng ma TB, mm 7,2 5,3 26,4 87,1 207,9 Lng Tc bc hi gi trung TB, bnh, m/s mm 140,5 1,4 154,8 1,8 191,4 2,0 114,0 1,6 111,4 1,6 Kh p trung bnh, mb 1011,1 1010,5 1009,6 1008,3 1007,2 Bc x tg cng, TB, kcal/ cm2 13,6 15,2 17,6 14,8 13,4 S gi nng TB, gi 280,9 260,1 279,6 256,0 253,2
1 2 3 4 5
trang 41
CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nm 27,2 26,8 26,8 26,7 26,4 26,1 25,2 26,0 83 84 84 85 84 79 71 78 236,3 246,8 224,8 317,6 294,5 124,5 38,8 1817,2 92,0 90,0 98,7 64,7 72,6 96,2 140,5 1396,8 1,7 1,6 1,7 1,5 1,5 1,7 1,4 1,6
1006,4 1006,8 1006,2 1007,5 1008,5 1009,5 1011,1 1008,7
12,6 13,6 13,2 12,5 12,0 11,2 12,3 162,0
172,4 201,6 192,8 197,0 206,3 228,5 248,6 2777,0
Ngun: Chng trnh tin b khoa hc k thut cp Nh nc 42A 2.2.7.2 Nhit c trng c bn v nhit trong nm nh sau: Nhit trung bnh trong nm: 26,00C. Nhit ngy cao nht , ngy 22 thng 5 nm 1983 , t0 = 39,00C Nhit ngy thp nht, ngy 29 thng 1 2 nm 1982, t0 = 15,00C. 2.2.7.3 m m tng i trung bnh nm ti khu vc dao ng trong phm vi t 69-85%. c trng m trung bnh trong nm nh sau: m trung bnh trong nm: 78% m thng thp nht: 69% (thng 3) m thng cao nht : 85% (thng 9) 2.2.7.4 Lng ma Lng ma trung bnh khu vc m hng nm l: 1817,2mm. 2.2.7.5 Tc v hng gi a. Tc gi Tc gi trung bnh dao ng trong khong t 1,6 m/s. b. Hng gi Nhn chung ti khu vc c hai hng gi chnh l: - Ma ma: Gi Nam - Ty Nam T thng 7 n thng12. - Ma kh: Gi Ty - Bc t thng 1 n thng 6 nm sau. 2.2.7.6 Cc hin tng thi tit khc a. Bo: Hng nm, khu vc m chu nh hng ca cc cn bo cc tnh vng ng bng Nam B. b. Nng v bc x Ch nng v bc x nh sau:
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S gi nng trung bnh trong nm: 2777,0 gi S gi nng trung bnh ln nht trong thng: 280,9 gi (thng 1) S gi nng trung bnh nh nht trong thng: 172,4 gi. (thng 6) Lng bc x tng cng trung bnh trong nm: 162,0 kcal/cm2. 2.3 CHT LNG MI TRNG Kt qu phn tch ca Trung tm nghin cu mi trng a cht thuc trng i hc M a cht, ti liu kho st ti a phng, s liu ca trung tm KHTN v CNQG Vin a l, kt qu o v thm d a cht ca Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO. 2.3.1 Cc tiu chun cht lng mi trng 2.3.1.1 Khng kh xung quanh i vi mu khng kh xung quanh, chiu cao ly mu k t mt t t 1,0-1,5m. i vi kh ngun thi, o c v thu trc tip ti cc ngun. Vic thu mu, o c, phn tch theo tiu chun TCVN 1995,2001 v 2005. 2.3.1.2 Kh c - Dioxit lu hunh (SO2) Theo TCVN 5938:2005. - Kh dioxit nit (NO2) Theo TCVN 6137-1996 ( ISO 6768-1985) - Cacbon monoxit (CO) Theo tiu chun ca B Yt TCN 352- 89. 2.3.1.3 n Theo TCVN 5949-1998., TCVN 5948-1999. 2.3.1.4 Bi tng cng Theo TCVN 5935-2005. 2.3.1.5 Kh thi SO2, NOx, CO, CO2, O2, nhit : Theo TCVN 5939:2005 v TCVN 5939:2005. 2.3.1.6 Mu nc Mu nc c ly v phn tch theo TCVN 5942-1995. Kt qa phn tch c so snh vi cc tiu chun tng ng nh: - Nc sinh hot, nc sau x l (TCVN 5942-1995, TCVN5945-2005). - Nc sui (TCVN 5945-2005). 2.3.2 Thit b o v phn tch
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2.3.2.1 Vi kh hu My o nhit , tc v hng gi hin s, COLE PAMER model 99800-10 (M) 2.3.2.2 Ting n My o ting n hin s NL-14 v b phn phn tch s NX-04 hng RION Nht Bn. 2.3.2.3 in t trng My o in t trng tn s cao CA-43-CHAUVIN ARNAUS-Php. 2.3.2.4 Bi trng lng My o bi hin s EPAM-5000 o bi PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10 (M). Di o: 0,001-20 mg/m3 chnh xc 5%; nhy 0,001 mg/m3. 2.3.2.5 Hi kh c My o cc loi kh c IMR- M 2.3.2.6 Mu nc - Thit b o pH hin s ca M: o v hin th s pH, km theo in cc pH, di o 0,00 ti 14,00, phn gii 0,01; chnh xc 0,01. - Kt qu phn tch cc gi tr cc mu nc do Trung tm nghin cu mi trng a cht Trng i hc M - a cht thc hin. 2.3.3 Cht lng mi trng khng kh Qu trnh lp bo co tin hnh ly v phn tch cc mu xc nh hin trng mi trng khng kh. Kt qu kho st v ly mu do Cng ty CP t vn Kho st thit k v Xy dng M - a cht phi hp vi Trung tm nghin cu Mi trng a Cht thuc Trng i hc M - a Cht thc hin ti m. Cc thng s nhim c trnh by trong bng 2-10 v trong ph lc III. V tr ly mu (Xem v tr ly mu ti Bn v tr ly mu hin trng mi trng m vi Lc Trung ) v s hiu: - V tr s 1(K1): Ti pha Bc khong sng. - V tr s 2 (K2): Ti trung tm khong sng. - V tr s 3 (K3): Ti pha ng Nam khong sng. - V tr s 4 (K4): L ng lin x Lc Ninh. Bng 2-9: Kt qu o mi trng khng kh K hiu mu Ch tiu, mg/m3
trang 44
K1 K2 K3 K4: * Khi t chy qua * Khi khng c t chy qua Phng php xc nh TCVN 5937-2005 (trung bnh trong1 h)
Bi SO2 NO2 CO 0,23 0,12 0,015 32 0,25 0,13 0,016 33 0,21 0,12 0,015 0,79 0,38 0,02 38 0,35 0,22 0,017 34 o trc tip bng my o IMR- M 0,3 0,35 0,2 30
Ngun: Kt qu o bng my o bi hin s EPAM-5000 o bi PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10 (M). - Thi im o: 15h15-17h30, ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006. TCVN 5937-2005: Tiu chun Vit Nam v cht lng khng kh xung quanh. Nhn xt: So snh kt qu kho st cht lng khng kh khu vc xy dng d n vi tiu chun khng kh cho php cho thy, cc thng s phn tch u nh hn tiu chun cho php. Kt qu hon ton ph hp vi kho st thc t l khu vc ny cha c cc nh my cng nghip, ng giao thng t xe lu hnh nn cha b nhim cng nghip. 2.3.4 Cht lng mi trng nc 2.3.4.1 Cht lng nc mt Trong pham vi tham do khong co suoi, song chay qua, pha Ty v Nam c cc kenh mng thuy li dn nc t ho Dau Tieng ve cap nc phuc vu nong nghiep, ti tiu theo thi v. S co mat cua cac he thong kenh mng gop phan lam mc nc ngam trong khu vc nang cao hn, t nhieu anh hng en cac hoat ong san xuat cua mo sau nay. Trong khu vc khng c ao h, pha Ty Nam c mt ao nh do khai thc trc y li. Cht lng nc cc knh mng tng i tt, cn ao t nc bn bn, c. Khi d n trin khai, nc phc v cho khai thc, ti ng c th dng nc kenh mng, h lng, nc kh sch, trong, t cn lng, nc sinh hot c khai thc t ging khoan nc ngm. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc mt nh bng 2-10 Bng 2-10
TT 1 2 Ch tiu Nhit c n v 00C NTU NM1 25 8 NM2 25 8,5 NM3 25 40 TCVN
5945-2005
Ph.php phn tch

My COLE PAMER model 99800-10
40 -
My o 2100P
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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO Co-Pt pH=7 mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100m l
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Mu PH DO BOD5 COD Tg cht rn SS St Nhm Can xi Mng gan Ti tan SO42P2O5 K2O MnO ClD.m khong Coliform
30 7,21 2,8 50 85 80 0,79 1,82 0,78 0,12 0,53 0,23 0,03 1,42 0,8 0,02 0,013 7.200
30 7,23 2,8 60 95 90 0,90 1,83 0,71 0,14 0,56 0,28 0,032 1,41 0,7 0,023 0,013 7.957
60 7.24 4,6 97 120 167 0,63 1,02 0,75 0,11 0,55 0,27 0,033 1,44 0,6 0,022 0,016 9.000
50 5,5-9 50 80 100 5,0 1,0 0,5 6 15,0 600 5,0 5.000
My o 2100P pH-meter (M) PP Wicle

5 ng, t o WTW
mete HC-307 -Nht Lc, cn, sy 1050c Kendan Kendan Kendan Kendan Kendan Diazot ha Phosver Kendan Kendan Sc k ion
Trc quangDR/2000 Mng lc v MPN
Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca Trung tm mi trng a cht, trng i hc M - a cht, ngy 06 thng 12 nm 2006. - Thi im ly mu: 14h15 ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006. - V tr ly mu xem bn v v tr ly mu ti bn v tr ly mu hin trng mi trng m Lc Trung, ti ph lc II v s hiu: V tr s 1(NM1) - Ti mng nc pha Ty khong sng. V tr s 2 (NM2) - Ti mng nc pha Nam tm khong sng. V tr s 3 (NM3) - Ti h nc pha Ty Nam khong sng. 2.3.4.2 Nc ngm Trong khu m khng c im l nc ngm, cua at a cha nc, trong pham vi tham do co 2 tang cha nc ngm a. Tang cha nc lo hong Pleistocen trung - thng (qp)
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Tang cha nc nay phan bo rong, chiem phan ln dien tch tham do. Thanh phan chu yeu la cat hat nho en to, phan tren co t set, set pha va cat pha mong. Chieu day tang cha nc nay phn b trn din rng, cac lo khoan tham do en o sau 50m van cha khong che c ay cua tang qp. Trong mot pham vi nho, cac tram tch nay phu bat chnh hp len be mat a cua tang cha nc khe nt t3. Nc trong tang cha nc nay co ong thai thay oi theo mua. Ket qua quan trac mc nc trong 38 lo khoan cua tang cha nc nay nh bng 2-11. Bang 2-11
TT
SHLK
1 2 3
Max Min TBnh
Cao o mieng lo khoan (m) 16,01 13,45 14,84
Mc nc tnh (m) Max 1,52 0,20 0,74 Min 1,30 0,10 0,54 TB 1,38 0,16 0,63
Cao o mc nc tnh (m) Max 14,89 13,23 14,30 Min 14,64 12,85 14,10 TB 14,78 13,10 14,22
Chenh lech 0,50 0,08 0,20
Ket qua bm nc th nghiem lo khoan cho thay ay la tang giau nc. Tong hp tnh toan cac thong so CTV cua tang qp c trnh bay trong bang 2-12. Bang 2-12 SHLK
LK4-6 LK7-3 TB
R (m)
39,56 29,88
ro (m)
0,055 0,055
S (m)
4,08 2,93
Q (l/s)
2,00 1,67 1,83
Q (m /ng)
3
q (l/sm)
0,49 0,57 0,53
H (m)
49,46 48,78 49,12
K (m/ng)
0,94 1,04 0,99
172,8 144,0 158,40
R: Ban knh anh hng (m), r: ban knh ong loc (m); S: o ha thap mc nc trong LK (m); Q: Lu lng bm (m 3 /ngay); q: ty sut lu lng (l/ms); H: cot nc trong lo khoan (m); K: he so tham (m/ng); h = H-S.
K= 0,733Q lg H 2 h2 R r
ay la tang cha nc co ong thai thay oi theo mua. Nc c cap bi nc ma, nc mat tham xuong dien phan bo va c thoat ra ngoai qua he thong song, suoi hoac cung cap cho cac tang cha nc ben di no. Ket qua phan tch mau nc trong tang cha nc nay cho thay nc co
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tong khoang hoa thap, at 0,06 g/l. o pH thay oi t 5,426,01. Nc thuoc loai hnh bicarbonat clorua natri en clorua bicarbonat natri. Thanh phan hoa hoc nc tai LK7-3 c bieu dien di dang cong thc Kurlov nh sau:
M 0,06
3 HCO53 Cl41 pH 6, 01 Na + 84
Ket qua phan tch vi sinh nc cho thay tong Coliformes l 100Cfu/100ml; E.Coli at 2066 Cfu/100ml; Streptococcus faecalis t 02 Cfu/100ml. Ket luan: ay la tang giau nc, co kha nang cung cap cho sinh hoat va san xuat, lm gim bi, kh c khi khoan n mn v nghin sng, nhng lai gay bat li oi vi cong tac khai thac mo a xay dng. b. Tang cha nc khe nt Trias thng (t3) at a cua n v cha nc nay lo ra tren mot dien tch han che trong mo. Phan con lai b cac tram tch cua tang qp phu bat chnh hp len be mat. Thanh phan chu yeu la cat san ket tuf, dam san ket tuf, cat bot ket, set bot ket b sng hoa manh thuoc he tang Dau Tieng (T3dt). Ket qua nghien cu a chat thuy van trong qua trnh tham do cho thay nc trong n v cha nc nay co ong thai mc nc thay oi theo mua. Tong hp ket qua quan trac c trnh bay trong bang 2-13. Bang 2-13
TT SHLK Cao o mieng lo khoan, m 16,12 13,74 15,18 Mc nc tnh, m Max 1,43 0,40 0,85 Min 1,22 0,15 0,64 TB 1,32 0,23 0,72 Cao o mc nc tnh, m Max Min TB 14,90 14,69 14,80 13,59 13,14 13,43 14,54 14,33 14,46 Chenh lech 0,45 0,08 0,21
1 2 3
Max Min TBnh
Ket qua bm nc th nghiem tai LK3-3 cho cac thong so a chat thuy van qua ket qua bm nc th nghiem tang t3 (theo Duypuy)nh bng 2-14. Bang 2-14
SHLK LK3-3 R, m 33,2623 ro, m 0,055 S, m 7,84 Q, l/s 0,8 Q, m3/ng 69,12 q, l/sm 0,102 H, m 53,7 K, m/ng 0,18
Ket qua bm nc th nghiem cho thay ay la n v cha nc co mc o cha nc trung bnh (q = 0,102 l/ms), tang cha nc co ong thai mc nc kha on nh,
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dao ong mc nc trong qua trnh quan trac thap (thay oi t 0,08-0,45m; trung bnh 0,21m). Nguon cap chu yeu la nc trong tang qp thap xuong. Mien thoat cha ro. Nc trong n v cha nc nay co tong khoang hoa thap, at 0,20 g/l, thuoc loai hnh bicarbonat natri calci. Thanh phan hoa hoc cua nc (mau LK3-3) bieu dien di dang cong thc hoa nh sau:
M 0, 2
3 HCO53 Cl41 pH 6, 65 Na + 85
Ket qua phan tch vi trung cho thay tong Coliformes 12 Cfu/100ml. E.Coli at 3/ Cfu/100ml ; Streptococcus faecalis 2 Cfu/100ml. Kt qu phn tch cht lng nc ngm l khoan v ging o nh bng 2-15. Bng 2-15
TT Ch tiu n v NN1 NN2 NN3 TCVN
5944-95
Ph.php phn tch

My COLE PAMER model 99800-10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Nhit c Mu PH Cht rn tng cng St Nhm Can xi Mng gan Ti tan P2O5 K2O MnO ClSO42Coliformes E.Coli Streptococcu s faecalis
0C Co-Pt pH=7 mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
Cfu/100ml Cfu/100ml Cfu/100ml
20 trong 40 7,25 45,94 0,94 1,92 0,88 0,12 0,44 0,45 1,76 0,07 0,033 0,28 12 3 2
20 trong 40 7,25 47,94 1,05 1,93 1,03 0,14 0,42 0,45 1,54 0,06 0,042 0,26 13 4 2
21 trong 60 7,25 66,23 1,03 1,92 0,95 0,17 0,55 0,63 1,63 0,08 0,046 0,29 22 7 4
5-50 6,5-8,5 7501500 3,0 -
My o 2100P My o 2100P pH-meter (M) Lc, cn, sy 1050c Kendan Kendan Kendan 0,8 (1995) Kendan Kendan 0,3 Phosver Kendan 15,0 Kendan 200-600 Sc k ion Diazot ha 3 Mng lc v MPN 3 Mng lc v MPN 3 Mng lc v MPN
Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca Trung tm mi trng a cht, trng i hc M - a cht, ngy 06 thng 12 nm 2006
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Trong vng m, c mt s l khoan cha nc ngm v cc ging o ca cc h dn pha ng, Nam khu m t cao +16m tr xung, cc h khoan thm d u gp nc ngm. - Thi im ly mu: 15h15 ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006. - V tr ly mu: (Xem bn v v tr ly mu hin trng mi trng s 02 ti ph lc II): NN1: Ti l khoan s LK3-4.3 NN2: Ti l khoan s LK4-3.3 NN3: Ti ging nc nh ng Sn pha Nam khong sng. Nhn xt: So snh kt qa phn tch vi tiu chun nc mt, nc ngm TCVN 5944-95 cho thy nc c cht lng kh tt, cc ch tiu v pH, Cl -, SO42-, NO2-, NH4- t do v n mn u nh hn ch tiu cho php. Hm lng cc nguyn t rt thp, nm trong gii hn cho php i vi nc dng cho khai thc, arsen, cadmi, ch, xyanua, du m khong u khng c trong mu phn tch, Fe2O3, Al2O3 sp x gii hn cho php. Ring cc ch tiu: cht rn l lng v coliform u ln hn gii hn cho php. Da vo kt qu phn tch, s b nhn nh mi trng nc trong khu vc thm d v phm vi ln cn u bo m cc ch tiu v hm lng ho hc dng cho sinh hot. Ket luan: Vi ket qua nghien cu a chat thuy van mo co the rut ra mot so ket luan oi vi tang cha nc nay nh sau: - ay la tang cha nc trung bnh nen co anh hng nhat nh en cong tac khai thac mo sau nay. - Chat lng nc co kha nang ap ng c nhu cau s dung e cap nc cho san xuat va sinh hoat tai mo, lm gim bi, kh c khi khoan n mn v nghin sng, nhng khong thuan li oi vi cong tac khai thac, nhat la khai thac a xay dng do lng nc phai thao kho nhieu. 2.3.5 Cht lng mi trng t t ph phn b u trn mt bng t Bc xung Nam ca khu m. Thnh phn ch yu bao gm st, ct, sn si b ri cha laterit. Kt qu phn tch cht lng t khu m c th hin bng 2-17. Thnh phn t trong khu vc khai thc bao gm: Ct ht t mn n th, st kt laterit, thnh phn ch yu l thch anh, sn si trn cnh, thnh phn ch yu l thch anh, cc ht bauxit. trang 50
- V tr ly mu: Khu vc s m m khai thc . - Thi im ly mu: 15h15 ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006. - V tr ly mu (Xem bn v v tr ly mu hin trng mi trng s 02 ti ph lc II): Cao trnh ly mu: +15,5. c im: vn cy, rung mu. Bng 2-16.
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Ch tiu pH/KCl Mn Nit (tng s) P2O5 (tng s) K2O5 (tng s) P (d tiu) K (d tiu) Ca++ Mg++ CEC ClSO4- dn in Al+++ Fe+++ Na+ Th.phn c gii: - Ct - St - Limon Cp ht > 2 mm Phng php phn tch Phng php pHmeter Phng php ho hc (Oxy ho) Phng php Kendan Phng php khi lng v th tch Quang k ngn la v AAS Phng php so mu Phng php FAS Phng php chun Trilon B Phng php chun Trilon B Phng php chun Phng php chun Phng php c Phng php mk Phng php so mu vi mu chun Phng php so mu vi mu chun Phng php chun Trilon B Phng php phn tch c l n v PH % % % % mg/100g mg/100g mg/100g mg/100g mg/100g % % mS/m mg/100g mg/100g mg/100g % % mg/kg % Gi tr 6,44 28,27 2,31 0,22 1,65 0,54 1,52 0,22 0,31 5,65 0,017 0,021 0,08 11,48 8,93 1,1 59,75 24,15 16,10 22,07
18
Phng php ry l vung
Ngun: Kt qu phn tch ca Trung tm mi trng a cht, trng i hc M a cht, ngy 6 thng 12 nm 2006. Nhn xt: Kt qu phn tch ho, phn tch quang ph bn nh lng, ti liu o mu tham s vt l, so snh vi TCVN 6860-2001 cho thy din tch thm d khng cha cc nguyn t c hi, cc d lng ho cht v nguyn t phng x khng gy nh hng n trng trt v s sng.
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Qua phn tch mu tham s vt l, kt qu cho thy t m ct kt Lc Trung c cng phng x rt nh so vi gii hn cho php (<30 R/h). Do trong qu trnh khai thc m s khng nh hng n mi trng v cn b cng nhn ca m. 2.3.6 H ng thc vt 2.3.6.1 Thm thc vt, ti khu m (S liu tham kho ca S Ti nguyn & Mi trng, S Nng nghip v pht trin Nng thn, c s a phng, trong bo co a cht v quan st thc t ti thi im ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006). - H thc vt Khu khai thc thuc dy ni st nm chm trn lp ph t thn Lc Trung cch ni B en v pha Bc 17 km. cao a hnh thp nht +13,71m (bin gii pha ng khu m), cao nht +16,3m (Ty Bc khu m gn din tch l ). Thm thc vt ch yu l c di, tho mc v cc cy gia dng, tre na, cy n qu, c dn trng. t ph dy t 0,515m, gm set bt ln vai cc laterit mau nau vang loang l, phn tren be mt laterit b ket tng dang khoi cng chc, b day en 2m, im l gc rt t. - a dng h thc vt + a dng thnh phn loi: nh ga tnh a dng sinh hc ca h thc vt ti v tr m m v cc vng ln cn m Lc Trung, theo s liu thng k thnh phn loi ca h thc vt vng nghin cu hin ti c 173 loi, thuc 4 ngnh thc vt c mch nh: Gymnospermae (Ht trn): 12 loi, Angiospermae (Ht kn): 45 loi, Dicotyledones (Lp hai l mm) 90 loi, : Monocotyledones (Lp mt l mm): 26 loi. + a dng v dng sng: H thc vt khu vc c c trng bi s u th ca nhm dng sng cy tri trn vi trn 100 loi chim trn 50% tng s loi ca h thc vt. y cng l c im ca mt s h thc vt vng nhit i gi ma m ni chung, cc h thc vt Vit Nam ni ring. Tip theo nhm cy chi trn l nhm cy chi na n vi 50 loi. Xp v tr th ba l nhm cy chi st t trn 20 loi. + a dng v ga tr s dng: Kt qu phn tch cho thy, h thc vt khu vc c trn 100 loi c th s dng trong cuc sng hng ngy. Phong ph nht l nhm cy lm thc n cho ng vt, lm thc n
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cho ngi c ti 30 loi, tip n l nhm cy cho g trn 20 loi. Cc nhm cn li c xp theo th t nh sau: Nhm cy lm thuc, lm cy cnh, lm vt liu xy dng. + a dng v thnh phn loi trong cc h sinh thi: Kt qu thng k cho thy, c s khc nhau ng k v s phn b thnh phn loi theo cc h sinh thi. Phong ph nht l h sinh thi trng c trng trt. H sinh thi trng tre na chim v tr th hai. H sinh thi rng trn vng t thp chim v tr th ba. Xp v tr cui cng l h sinh thi cc thu vc. * H ng vt ti khu m Theo nhng kt qu iu tra h ng vt trong khu vc m, X Lc Ninh cc vng ln cn ch cn cc thnh phn th nh: rn, chim, b st, ch nhi... + Lp th Mammalia nui c 5 b, 14 h, 31 loi. + Lp chim Avescso 4 b, 12 h v 43 loi. + Lp b st Retilia c 2 b, 8 h v 36 loi. + Lp ch nhi Amphilia c 1 b, 4 h v 5 loi. ng vt khng xng sng gm: + Gip xc Conecchostraca 1h, 1loi. + Gip xc Cladoceca 3 h, 9 loi. + Gip xc Clanoida 2 h, 7 loi. + Gunirt Oligochacta 4 h, 16 loi. + Trng bnh xe Rotatoria 3 h, 7 loi. Cc ng vt nui: Tru b, ln, g, vt, ngan. C: trm c, m tri, chp, r phi. Chim: b cu. Nhn xt: Nhn chung khu vc m m, c h ng thc vt km pht trin. bo v mi trng, khi khai thc m, trong ranh gii khai trng, nhng khu vc t b nh hng (khu mt bng, l ng...), phi ti to li cc vt cy xanh chng bi v ph xanh t trng. 2.3.7 iu kin kinh t - x hi ti khu vc 2.3.7.1 Tnh hnh dn c M nm hon ton trong x Lc Ninh thuc huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh, sinh sng y ch yu l ngi kinh, c mt s lng nh ngi Kh Me v ngi Hoa. 2.3.7.2 Cc cng trnh kinh t vn ha, x hi trong vng
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Ti khu vc xy dng v khai thc m khng c cc cng trnh kinh t v cc cng trnh vn ha x hi nh nh th, khu vn ha, khu bo tn, duy nht c mt ngi cha nm cch xa khu m. Do khai thc ch bin khng nh hng n cc cng trnh kinh t, vn ha, x hi trong vng. 2.3.7.3 C cu kinh t Trn 90% dn s ca x Lc Ninh sng bng ngh nng nghip, cn li sng bng cc ngh khc l 5%. Mc sng ca nhn dn khu vc ny tng i thp, mc thu nhp cao nht l 1.000.000/h/thng, mc thu nhp thp nht l 450.000/h/thng. Tng hp kt qu iu tra kinh t x hi khu vc xy dng m v khai thc nguyn liu c trnh by ti phn ph lc. 2.3.7.4 Tnh hnh sc khe cng ng - X Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu nm trong khu vc xy dng v khai thc m vt liu ca ca Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO, u mc pht trin kinh t trung bnh, ton t rung trng mt v la v mt v hoa mu, phn ln din tch canh tc pha Bc trng ma, nhn dn sng ch yu bng ngh nng, trng cy (trn 90% dn s) nn i sng cn nhiu kh khn. - Khu vc c s quan tm ca lnh o, ch o qua Ngh quyt thng k ca huyn cp n cng tc y t, dn s k hoch ha gia nh, cng nh s ch o ca s y t, trung tm y t huyn, UBND x, th hin qua s y mnh hot ng y t nh tim chng, phng chng suy dinh dng, v sinh mi trng, phng chng dch bnh v tng trng mc sng. - Mt s kh khn v vn y t ca cc x l: + Trnh dn tr cha cao. + Mc sng thp chim xp x mt phn ba. + Tnh hnh bnh nhim trng, k sinh trng cn cao (a chy, st rt, cm cm), c bit t l suy dinh dng rt cao. + Cha cc cng trnh v sinh (h x, ging nc, nh tm,) + T l tr c ra nng di 2.500 gam cao. + T l mc bnh mt ht hot tnh cao. Tng hp kt qu iu tra sc khe cng ng ti khu vc thng qua s liu (trm yt x Lc Trung) tnh n ngy 05 thng 12 nm 2006 c th hin trong bng 2-17. Bng 2-17
Mc tiu iu tra T l mc tm thn phn lit T l mc ng kinh T l tr trng lng di 2500g x Lc Ninh 1,88-2,150/00 0,810/00 23,60/0
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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO T l tr di 1 tui T l tr di 5tui T l tr di 15tui T l khm bnh (s ln) iu tr y hc dn tc iu tr y hc ti trm y t iu tr ti nh Chuyn ln tuyn trn T l mc bnh Amip T l mc bnh a chy T l vim gan SVT T l mc bnh st rt T l mc cm cm Suy dinh dng do thiu sinh t Vim phi Tai nn ng c T l h c h x mi T l h c nh tm T l h c s ging nc mi xy T l h c b nc mi xy T l t tim chng m rng
1,760/0 9,450/0 22,160/0 600/0 28,460/0 51,71% 48,28% 22,24% 1,74-2, 150/00 17,59-21,80/00 0,130/00 6,83-8,270/00 20,68-23,960/00 54,94-55,340/00 0,67-0,940/00 1,48-1,610/00 55,72% 50,89% 79% 54,5% 98%
Ngun: S liu ca UBND x Lc Ninh cung cp ngy 15 thng 02 nm 2007 KT LUN CHUNG CHNG 2 1. So snh kt qu kho st cht lng khng kh khu vc xy dng d n vi tiu chun khng kh cho php cho thy, cc thng s phn tch u nh hn tiu chun cho php TCVN 5937-2005. 2. So snh kt qu phn tch vi tiu chun nc mt TCVN 5945-2005, nc ngm TCVN 5944-95 cho thy nc c cht lng kh tt, cc ch tiu v pH, Cl-, SO42-, NO2-, NH4t do v n mn u nh hn ch tiu cho php, khng c cc cht c hi trong mu phn tch. Ring cc ch tiu coliform ln hn gii hn cho php. 3. Kt qu phn tch, cho thy din tch thm d khng cha cc nguyn t c hi, cc d lng ho cht v nguyn t phng x gy nh hng n trng trt v s sng. 4. Trn 90% dn s ca X Lc Ninh, huyn Dng Minh Chu sng bng ngh nng nghip, cn li sng bng cc ngh khc. Mc sng ca nhn dn khu vc ny tng i thp, mc thu nhp trung bnh l 450.600/h/thng. S h ngho chim 22%. Trnh vn ho thp. trang 55
CHNG 3
NH GI TC NG KHAI THC, CH BIN M LC TRUNG TI MI TRNG

3.1 NGUN GC PHT SINH CC CHT GY NHIM 3.1.1. Ngun gc gy nhim c lin quan n cht thi 3.1.1.1 Ngun gc gy nhim khi XDCB - Trong qu trnh m m, cc ngun gy nhim khng kh v cht nhim nh bng 3-1 Bng 3-1
TT 1 Ngun gc nhim M m: n mn, xc, gt vn chuyn t, bng t Cht nhim ch th Bi t kh c sinh ra do n mn, xy dng, m m. Kh thi thit b nh my nn kh, my xc, my gt v xe ti cha bi t , NOx, CO, SOx... du m, 2 Cc thit b hot ng ting n ca phng tin c gii. Ting n pht sinh.
- Khi lng m, khi lng nhin liu v nguyn liu khi XDCB nh gi tr bng 1-12 im g mc 1.6.11.7 chng 1. - Ti lng nhim c tnh ton trn c s h s nhim v khi lng cng vic thc hin. Ti lng nhim bi v kh c nh bng 3-2. Bng 3-2
T T 1 2 3 Loi cng vic N mn 100% khi lng San gt, xc bc Do gi cun Tng cng Khi lng, tn 2.344.140 3.147.933 nh mc Bi 0,34-0,40 kg/tn 0,17kg/T Kh c 9,88 l/T 2,01 l/T Ti lng bi, tn 867,33 535,15 535,15 1937,63 Ti lng kh c, lt 23.160.100 6.327.345 29.487.445
Ti lng nhim cc cht trong nc ma chy trn trong nm nh bng 3-3.
Bng 3-3
Cht nhim nh mc Cc ngun nhim Tng cng
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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO N.ma Kh.lng,10 3m 3/nm COD, kg/nm BOD5, kg/nm SS, kg/nm Du m, kg/nm 81,0 mg/l 37,0 mg/l 800mg/l N. sn xut 625 mg/l 303 mg/l 60.800 mg/l 44 mg/l
Nc ma 41,60 3.370 1.539 33.280 -
Sn xut 18,00 11.250 5.454 1.094.400 790
59,60 14.260 7.393 1.127.680 790
3.1.1.2 Giai on khai thc m v sn xut bnh thng a. Cc ngun tc ng Trong qu trnh khai thc m, cht nhim ch yu l bi v kh c, cht thi rn, nc thi cng nghip v sinh hot. Bi, kh c pht sinh t khu khoan n mn, xc bc t , vn chuyn, ch bin. Cht thi rn, nc thi cng nghip v sinh hot c thi vo mi trng do thi t , do pht tn trong qu khai thc, do sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn m Qu trnh khai thc v ch bin sinh ra cc ngun cht thi nh bng 3-4 Bng 3-4
TT 1 2 3 4 5 Ngun gc nhim Khoan, n mn Xc bc v vn chuyn bng xe ti v trm p Vn chuyn bng xe ti v cc im tiu th Bc cc lp kp v cc lp khng t yu cu Khu ch bin Cht nhim ch th Bi t kh c sinh ra do n mn, kh thi thit b: my nn kh NOx, CO, SOx...Ting n ca my khoan, MNK Bi t , kh c sinh ra do, xc bc, tp kt v vn chuyn t khai thc. Kh thi xe t vn ti cha khi bi, NOx, CO... Bi t , kh c sinh ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn, vng ra ng. Bi t , kh c sinh ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn i san lp, vng ra ng. Bi t , ting n
b. Khi lng m v nguyn nhin liu Khi lng m, khi lng nhin liu v nguyn liu khi khi thc m Lc Trung - Dng Minh Chu - Ty Ninh trong nm nh gi tr bng 3-5
Bng 3-5
TT 1 Ch tiu Bc t ph
n v m3 nguyn/nm
Ga tr 248.000
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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Khai thc nguyn nguyn liu Lng nc ma chy trn cha cht nhim Nc ti ng v phc v khai thc Nc sinh hot in nng Du diezen Xng M khong Thuc n
m3 nguyn/nm m3/nm m3/nm m3/nm KWh/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm
800.000 193.254 18.000 9.125 948.960 1.965,59 78,62 78,62 310,24
c. Ti lng nhim khng kh Ti lng nhim khi sn xut bnh thng trong nm nh bng 3-6. Bng 3-6
TT 1 2 3 4 Loi cng vic N mn ph Vn ti, xc bc Ch bin nghin p Gi Khi lng, tn 2.160.000 2.680.800 2.160.000 Tng cng nh mc Bi Kh c 0,37 kg/T 9,88 l/T 0,12kg/T 2,01 l/T 0,25 kg/T Ti lng bi, tn Kh c, lt 799,0 21.340.000 321,7 5.388.410 540,0 321,7 1.982,4 26.728.410
d. Ti lng nhim nc * Cc ngun gy nhim nc Cc ngun gy nhim nc nh bng 3-7 Bng 3-7
TT 1 2 3 Ngun gc nhim Nc ma chy trn Nc thi sn xut Nc thi sinh hot Cht nhim ch th Cht rn l lng l t ct. Ho cht ca sn phm n mn ho tan vo nc. Du m nhin liu. Nc ra xe cha du m v cht rn l lng l t ct Cht rn l lng: SS, nhu cu xy sinh hc, ho hc: BOD5/COD, cc hp cht dinh dng: N,P v vi khun
Nh vy, trong khai thc, ngun c th gy nhim nc l nc ma chy trn, nc thi ra xe v nc thi sinh hot khai trng. * c trng ca ngun nhim nc mt trong sn xut - Nc ma chy trn Trong qu trnh khai thc ti m, nc ma chy trn c c im: Nc ma chy trn xut hin vo cc thi im c ma trong nm. trang 58
Din tch s dng cho cc cng trnh xy dng v khai thc m nh: 21.500m2, nn tng khi lng nc ma chy trn ra khu vc xung quanh trong ma ma khng ln. Vo ma ma, nc ma chy trn t khu vc bm t moong khai thc, nc ma chy trn t mt bng khu ch bin v bi cha cun theo cc cht thi cng nghip, cc cht rn l lng v du m. Chng l cc tc nhn gy nhim mi trng. Nc ma chy trn s tc ng tiu cc n ngun nc mt. So vi nc thi sinh hot, nc ma sch hn, nhng do nc ma chy trn qua vng khai thc, bi cha cun theo t , ht cng l lng, cht cn b nn phi c bin php x l thch hp. Lng ma chy vo khai trng, din tch thu nc mt bng m hng nm: Q = F.W.K1.K2 = 193.254m3/nm Trong : F- Din tch khu vc khai thc v khu t trng ca mt bng: 253.207m2. W- Lng ma hng nm: 1817,2mm. K1- H s dng chy mt, t nt n va: 0,70. K2- H s dng chy mt, a hnh khu m khng bng phng: 0,6 + Lng ma ri trc tiep xuong moong khai thac trong trn ma ln nht c tnh theo cong thc: Qn = F.W1K1 = 39.065m3/ngy Trong o: F - dien tch hng nc (dien tch khu m a): 226.857 m2. W1- v lng ma ngay ln nhat (246mm). Lng t b cun tri ph thuc vo nhiu yu t ca b mt a hnh, phng php khai thc, lng ma hng nm... Cc kt qu kho st cho thy, nng cht rn l lng trong nc ma chy trn qua khu vc khai thc m t 500-1.100mg/l, tu thuc vo v tr v loi m khai thc. V vy c th tnh lng t b cun tri trn ton khu m (k c nc sn xut) a vo h lng ca khu vc khong 1.249 tn/nm. - Nc ngm e tnh lng nc chay vao mo co the coi khai trng khai thac nh mot gieng ln. Lu lng nc chay vao mo se tnh bang cong thc: 1,366K(2H -h)S Q= , m3/ngay lg(R+ro) - lgro trang 59
Trong o Q- lng nc chay vao moong khai thac (m3/ngay) K- he so tham trung bnh cua at a (0,72m/ng) H- o sau cua mo can khai thac (m) S- mc nc ha thap cua mo (m). h = H-S (m). r0- ban knh " gieng ln" quy oi F- dien tch lu vc hng nc, chnh bang dien tch tnh tr lng cua a xay dng trong mo (226.857 m2). R- Ban knh anh hng (m) c tnh theo cong thc R =10 S K (m). e phuc vu cho tnh toan thao kho mo, lng nc ngam chay vao moong khai thac c tnh cho tng cao o cu the. Ket qua tnh toan c tong hp va trnh bay trong bang 1-4 phn b mc 1.6.4.1 chng 1. Lng nc chay vao mo co 2 nguon chnh: Nc ma ri trc tiep xuong mo va nc di at chay vao moong khai thc. Tong hp ket qua tnh lng nc ma va nc ngam chay vao moong khai thac c trnh bay trong bang 1-5 phn b mc 1.6.4.2 chng 1. - Ket qua tong lng nc chay vao mo ngay ln nhat cho thay lng nc ma ri trc tiep xuong moong khai thac chiem phan ln. Con lng nc di at thng xuyen chay vao mo khong ln. Vi lng nc tren, thiet b khai thac hien nay hoan toan co the thao kho khoi mo. - Nc ngm cha cc khong cht vi lng nh, cht rn l lng khng ng k, BOD5 v COD nh hn hm lng cho php, do khi tnh ti lng nhim ch yu tnh cho nc ma chy trn - Nc thi sn xut Nc thi s dng trong sn xut vi lng nc tnh ton cung cp cho khai thc, ch bin, ra xe v thit b trung bnh 70,0 m 3/ngy. Tng lng nc thi l 18.000m3/nm. Trong nc thi ra xe c cha du m bi trn. c tnh khong 0,37% lng du m bi trn tht thot theo nc thi. Lng du m bi trn l 2.122,83 tn/nm, vy c khong 790kg du m/nm b ln vo nc thi. Ngoi ra trong nc thi cn cha mt lng cc cht rn l lng c bn cht l ct, st. Theo tnh ton ca t
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chc y t Th gii v cc m khai thc c iu kin tng t, c th d bo nng cc cht nhim trong cc loi nc thi ca m Lc Trung nh sau: Lu lng thi: - Ma chy trn nm: 193.254m3/nm - Sn xut: 18.000m3/nm Nng du m khong: 76 mg/l. Nng BOD5: - Sn xut: 303 mg/l. - Nc ma: 37,0 mg/l. Nng COD: - Sn xut: 625 mg/l. - Nc ma: 81,0 mg/l. Nng SS: - Sn xut: 60.800 mg/l. - Nc ma: 500-1.100 mg/l. Tng hp cc ngun nc thi v lng nhim nh bng 3-8. Bng 3-8 Cht nhim nh mc N. sn N.ma xut 625 mg/l 303 mg/l 60.800 mg/l 44 mg/l Cc ngun nhim Nc ma 193,254 15.653 7.150 154.600 Sn xut 18,00 11.250 5.454 1.094.400 790 211,25 26.903 12.604 1.249.000 790 Tng cng
Kh.lng,103m3/nm COD, kg/nm 81,0 mg/l BOD5, kg/nm 37,0 mg/l SS, kg/nm 800mg/l Du m, kg/nm
Ngun: Gi tr cc nh mc theo thng k ca T chc Y t Th gii v Vin K thut Nhit i v bo v mi trng TPHCM, ti liu ca PGS.TS Hong Hu - i hc Kin trc, v X l nc thi v kt qu o mt s m khai thc c iu kin tng t.
* c trng ca ngun nhim trong sinh hot - Nc thi sinh hot
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S cn b cng nhn vin lm vic v gia nh ti a ti m l 162 ngi (xem bn thit b v nhn lc trnh by ti chng 2) Trung bnh, mi ngi dng 200 lt nc/ngy, h s hao ht l 1,5 th lng nc cp cho sinh hot l 33m3/ng, lu lng nc thi s khong 22m3/ng. Theo tnh ton thng k ca nhiu Quc gia ang pht trin, nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot (nu khng x l) s l: Cht nhim Nng cc cht nhim, mg/l BOD5 450-550 COD 720-1.020 SS 700-1.500 Tng N 60-120 Amniac 24-28 Vi sinh vt MPN/100 ml Tng Coliform 106-109 Streptococi 105-106 Trng giun sn 103 So snh nng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot vi tiu chun nc thi (TCVN 6984-2001) theo lu lng thi 50m3/s cho thy: Khi cha x l, nc thi sinh hot c nng BOD 5 vt tiu chun 1518,3 ln, COD vt tiu chun 12-17ln, SS vt tiu chun 8,75-18,75 ln, coliform vt tiu chun t 2.000-2.000.000 ln. Sau khi x l qua h thng b t hoi, nc thi sinh hot c nng BOD5 vt tiu chun 2-4 ln, COD vt tiu chun 1,8-3,6 ln, SS vt tiu chun 0,8-1,6 ln. Trn m ch c 162 cn b cng nhn, tng khi lng nc thi sinh hot: 8.030m3/nm. - Cht thi rn sinh hot Cht thi rn sinh hot ch yu l rc sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn lm vic ti m. Theo thng k cc th v vng dn c trong nc, rc sinh hot tnh theo u ngi hin nay l 0,3-0,6 kg/ngi/ngy, lng rc thi sinh hot thi ra mi ngy ti m l 77kg/ngy, 1 nm l 28.105 kg/nm, t trng rc 0,4-0,5 T/m3. Rc sinh hot cha ch yu l cc cht hu c d phn hu c th chn, lm phn bn, sau 9 nm lng rc cn chn lp l 562m3 nn n tc ng khng ng k.
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Tng khi lng nhim sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin ti m, vi COD, BOD5, SS , rc thi, tng nit, trng giun sn mh nu trong bng 3-9. Bng 3-9 Cht nhim ch th Cc ngun nhim Tng cng Nc thi Rc 26.626 26.626 8.03 8.03 4.044 4.044 4.015 4.015 8.833 8.833 723 723 647 324 971 nh mc theo thng k ca T chc Y t Th gii v Vin v mi trng TPHCM, kt qu o mt s m khai thc c
Khi lng rc, kg/nm Khi lng, 103m3/nm COD, kg/nm BOD5, kg/nm SS, kg/nm Tng nit, kg/nm Trng giun sn, trng/kg Ngun: Ga tr cc K thut Nhit i v bo iu kin tng t. 3.1.1.3 Cc tc ng khc ti mi trng Lm suy gim, ph hoi thm thc vt nhim ngun nc mt. nh hng trc tip ti i sng thy sinh 3.1.1.4 Ngun gc gy nhim khng kh Trong qu trnh m m, khai thc ct kt, cc ngun gy nhim khng kh v cht nhim nh bi t , kh c sinh ra do san i, n mn, xy dng, m m. Kh thi do thit b thi cng c gii v xe ti gy bi t , kh c: NOx, CO, SOx... 3.1.1.5 Ngun gc gy nhim nc 3.1.1.6 Tc ng ca ho cht - Trong qu trnh khai thc, dng thuc n ph v t , khi n mn s sinh ra kh c nh NO2; CO2... Tuy nhin lng thuc n s dng hng nm so vi mt m khai thc l thin ln mc thp (310,24 tn/nm), mt khc cc cht c nu trn khi n trong gng m, cha nc sau khi n mn phn ln b thu phn v sau 15 pht hu nh b phn hu v b hi nc hp th, phn cn li phn tn vo khng trung, do v phng din kh c do n mn t nh hng n mi trng v sc kho con ngi. - Ngoi ra m khng s dng ha cht g khc. Nh vy khai thc m Lc Trung, nh hng ca ho cht n mi trng
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v sc kho con ngi l tc ng khng ln. 3.1.2 Ngun tc ng khng c lin quan n cht thi Trong cc tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi nh: Xi mn, trt, st, l, ln t. Tuy nhin m khai thc khng su, c n nh cao, ring cu to lp ph cha ct, st, st laterit c kh nng gy ra trt l. Cc thng s b m ca HTKT la chn u thp hn cc gi tr tnh ton trong bo co a cht (phn CCT), tuy nhin khng ch trt l b m, cc gii php phng chng trt l s c gii trnh trong chng 4. 3.1.3 D bo nhng ri ro v s c MT do d n gy ra - Sp l, ln t b m + Trong khai thc kh trnh khi s c sp l, do t khu thm d a cht, xy dng d n u t, thit k bn v thi cng v khai thc m, phi tnh ton la chn iu kin k thut, tnh kh thi, hiu qu khai thc, tnh bn vng, c bit l cng tc an ton khai thc v bo v mi trng sinh thi. + Cng tc chy m, n vt liu n, nhim bi m, kh c. + Trn bn, cn lng nh hng n cy trng, sinh hot v cc hot ng khc, v vn ny: Ton b bn, nc thi ca moong khai thc v khu ch bin c lu gi trong h lng, khng thi ra mi trng. - Lm cn kit ngun nc ngm: Thc t khu vc khai thc kh phong ph v nc ngm chiu su khai thc nh, khu vc khng c cng trnh khai thc nc ngm, dn c tha tht v kh xa khu m, do bn knh h thp mc nc ngm khng b nh hng n ton khu vc. - V kh nng nhim x: Theo kt qu bo co thm d ca Cng ty CP T vn v u t FICO, qua phn tch 6 mu tham s vt l trong t v ct kt cc tham so phong xa tai mo cho thay cac loai a lam vat lieu xay dng trong mo eu co cng o phong xa thap, nam trong gii han cho phep ve tieu chuan phong xa oi vi vat lieu xay dng v sc khe ngi lao ng (<20 R/h). 3.2 I TNG, QUY M B TC NG 3.2.1 i tng - Cc i tng b tc ng khi thc hin d n khng nhiu, ch yu l cc yu t t nhin: t rung, nc mt, mt s gia nh sng trong bn knh nh hng.
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- Cc i tng khng b tc ng khi thc hin d n: vn ha x hi, tn gio, tn ngng, di tch lch s v cc cc i tng khc. 3.2.2 Quy m b tc ng - Khi thc hin d n, trong thi gian XDCB m Cng ty tin hnh xy dng cc hng mc: o p, xy dng bi thi bi lng, xng ch bin, khu vn phng, o h lng. Cc cng vic ny s tc ng ti mi trng t nhin do bi, kh c, nc ma chy trn, ting n. - Khi m i vo sn xut mc tc ng t hn do phng php khai thc, din tch chim t nh, khai thc cc gng m v c nc, khi n mn t sinh bi v kh c, phng php ch bin m t sinh bi v khng dng ha cht, cc khong cht l kim loi trong c vi lng nh v khng c loi c hi, bn nc thi c lu gi trong h lng, dn c v cc cng trnh khc kh xa khu m, tuyn ng vo m v vn chuyn thnh phm i tiu th dng ring. 3.3 NH GI TC NG KHAI THC M TI MI TRNG 3.3.1 Tc ng ca bi v kh 3.3.1.1 Xc nh nng ti a ca cc cht nhim trong kh thi cng nghip Nng ti a cho php cc cht nhim trong kh thi cng nghip ca m ra mi trng khng kh c tnh nh sau: Cmax = C.Kp.Kv Trong : Cmax- Nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim trong kh thi ca c s sn xut thi ra mi trng, mg/Nm3. C- Gi tr nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim trong kh thi quy nh theo TCVN 5939-2005. Kp- H s theo lu lng ngun thi, m c P < 20.000m3/h, theo bng 1A, Quyt nh 22/2006 Q-BTNMT c gi tr l 1,0 Kv- H s theo lu lng ngun thi, m nng thn min ni, theo bng 2A, Quyt nh 22/2006 Q-BTNMT c gi tr l 1,4. Kt qu tnh nh bng 3-10 Bng 3-10 Cc ch tiu Bi SO2 NO2 CO TCVN 5937-2005 (trung bnh trong1 h) 0,3 0,35 0,2 30 Gi tr nng ti a cho php 0,42 0,49 0,28 0,42
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So snh vi gi tr tnh bng 2-10, khi c t chy qua, ch c gi tr bi (ng kh khng ti nc) c gi tr ln hn gi tr cho php. 3.3.1.2 Tc ng ca bi Bi c pht sinh trong qu trnh khai thc v vn chuyn. Theo tnh ton ti bng 3-6 th lng bi sinh ra trong qu trnh khai thc l: 1.339 tn bi v bi sinh ra trong qu trnh vn chuyn l: 321,7 tn bi. Bi pht sinh trong khai thc v vn chuyn l tc nhn chnh gy nhim mi trng khng kh. Bi pht sinh l cc bi v c v bi cha khong cht khi vo phi thng gy cc kch thch c hc v pht sinh phn ng s ho phi, gy nn nhng bnh h hp. Mt khc, bi c kch thc ln (bi th) nn t c kh nng i vo ph nang phi, nh hng khng nhiu n sc khe. Tuy nhin bi cha hm lng SiO 2: 95%, vi c ht nh di 5 chim 3,5% d dng qua kh qun vo phi. Bi cha khong cht khi vo phi gy kch thch c hc v pht sinh phn ng gy x ho phi v nhng bnh h hp khc. Bi cha khong cht khi vo phi l cht nhim c c tnh cao v c kh nng gy ung th v cc bnh ni tng khc. Lng bi pht sinh khi sn xut khi cha c cc bin php phng nga u ln hn gi tr cho php. 3.3.1.3 Tc hi ca cc dioxyt lu hunh v dioxyt nit (SO2, NO2) SO2, NO2 do n mn to ra, l cc cht kh kch thch, khi tip xc vi nim mc m t to thnh cc axit gc SO2, NO2 vo c th qua ng h hp hoc ho tan vo nc bt ri vo ng tiu ho sau thm nhp vo mu. SO2, NO2 khi kt hp vi bi to thnh cc oxit bi l lng, nu kch thc nh hn 2-3 micromet s vo ti ph nang, b i thc bo ph hu hoc a n h thng bch huyt. SO2 c th nhim c qua da gy s chuyn ho toan tnh lm gim d tr kim trong mu. i vi thc vt: Cc kh SO2, NO2 khi b xy ho trong khng kh v kt hp vi nc ma to nn ma axit gy nh hng ti s pht trin ca cy trng v thm thc vt. Khi nng SO2 trong khng kh khong 1-2 ppm c th gy hi cho l cy sau vi gi tip xc. i vi cc loi thc vt nhy cm gii hn (khong 0,15-0,3ppm) s gy c hi lu di. Lng khi c SO2, NO2 pht sinh khi sn xut khi cha c cc bin php phng nga u ln hn gi tr cho php (nh nu ti bng 3-6), trong SO2, NO2 sinh ra do vn ti, khoan l mn l thng xuyn, cn n mn ch l tc thi. 3.3.1.4 Oxyt cacbon (CO) v kh cacbonic (CO2) Oxyt cacbon (CO): Oxyt cacbon do n mn to ra, d gy c do kt hp
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kh bn vng vi hemoglobin thnh cacboxyhemoglobin dn n gim kh nng vn chuyn oxy ca mu n cc t chc, t bo . Kh cacbonic (CO2) gy ri lon h hp phi v t bo do chim mt ch ca oxy. Mt s c trng gy c ca CO2 nh sau: Nng CO2,ppm(%) Biu hin c tnh: 50.000ppm(5%) : Kh th, nhc u 100.000ppm(10%): Ngt, ngt th. Nng CO2 trong kh sch chim 0,034%. Nng ti a cho php ca CO 2 khng ln hn 0,034%. Lng khi c CO2 pht sinh khi sn xut khi cha c cc bin php phng nga u ln hn gi tr cho php (nh nu ti bng 3-6), trong CO2 sinh ra do vn ti, khoan l mn l thng xuyn. 3.3.2 Tc ng ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi 3.3.2.1 Xc nh nng ti a ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi Nng ti a cho php cc cht nhim trong kh thi cng nghip ca m ra mi trng khng kh c tnh nh sau: Cmax = C.Kq.Kf Trong : Cmax- Nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim trong nc thi ca c s sn xut thi ra mi trng, mg/Nm3. C- Gi tr nng ti a cho php ca cht nhim trong nc thi quy nh theo TCVN 5945-2005. Kq- H s theo lu lng ngun thi, nc sau khi lng h lng thi ra knh mng, theo im a, mc 2 ph lc 2, Quyt nh 22/2006 Q-BTNMT c gi tr l 0,9. Kf- H s theo lu lng ngun thi, lu lng ngun thi ca ton m:1.410m3/24h (lu lng thi ton nm/6 thng c ma), theo bng 2A, Quyt nh 22/2006 Q-BTNMT c gi tr l 1,0. Kt qu tnh nh bng 3-11 Bng 3-11 TT Ch tiu n v TCVN 5945-2005 Gi tr tnh
1 3 4 5 6 7 Nhit Mu pH BOD5 COD Tg cht rn SS 00C Co-Pt pH=7 mg/l mg/l mg/l 40 50 5,5-9 50 80 100 40 50 5,5-9 45 72 90
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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 St Mng gan SO42P2O5 MnO ClD.m khong Coliform mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l MPN/100ml
5,0 1,0 0,5 6 15,0 600 5,0 5.000
4,5 0,9 0,45 5,4 13,5 540 4,5 4.500
So vi gi tr nng ti a ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi, vi kt qu phn tch ti bng 2-11 v cc m c iu kin sn xut tng t quan trc trong khi sn xut, cc gi tr tng ln hn gi tr nng ti a ca cc cht nhim trong nc thi l: Cht rn l lng, du m khong, colifom 3.3.2.2 Tc ng ca cc cht trong nc thi cng nghip a. Cht rn l lng Cht rn l lng l tc nhn gy nh hng tiu cc n ti nguyn nc do tng c ngun nc, lm gim nhu cu sinh hc, ho hc v gy bi lng cho ngun tip nhn. Theo kt qu tnh t TCVN 5945-2005 nng cc cht l lng trong nc thi c php thi ra mi trng l 90mg/l. Thc t trong nc ma chy trn cc m t 800mg/l, vt nhiu ln gii hn cho php. b. Cc cht dinh dng: N, P Cc cht dinh dng gy hin tng ph dng ngun nc, nh hng ti cht lng nc, s sng thu sinh. c. Cc cht hu c BOD5 Cc cht hu c ch yu trong nc thi sinh hot l carbonhyrate. y l hp cht d dng b vi sinh vt phn hu bng c ch s dng oxy ho tan trong nc xy ho cc hp cht hu c. S nhim cc cht hu c s dn n suy gim nng xy trong nc do vi sinh vt s dng xy ho tan phn hu cc cht hu c. xy ho tan s gim, gy tc hi nghim trng n ti nguyn thu sinh. Theo kt qu tnh t quy nh tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam TCVN 59452005, nng BOD5 trong nc thi loi B, c php thi ra mi trng l 45mg/l. Nhng khu m khi sn xut khng c dn c sinh sng v cng nhn khu gia nh cch m trn 1 km, do o nng BOD5 khng tng v nh hn gi tr cho php. * Du m
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Du m khi thi vo nc s loang trn mt nc to thnh mng du, mt phn nh ho tan trong nc hoc tn ti trong nc di dng nh tng. Cn cha du khi lng xung sng s tch t trong bn. Du m khng nhng l nhng hp cht hyrocarbon kh phn hu sinh hc, m cn cha cc cht ph gia c hi nh cc cht dn xut phenon, gy nhim mi trng mi trng nc, t. Thc t trong nc ma chy trn cc m t 44 mg/l, vt nhiu ln gii hn cho php. 3.3.3 Tc ng ca cht rn sn xut v ngun tip nhn a. Tc ng ca cht rn sn xut Cht thi rn khi XDCB khi m m v khi khai thc bnh thng l ct, sn t . Cc loi cht thi ny c thnh phn tr, ln trong nc lm lng ng, vi lp, tn ph hoa mu, thoi ho t ai, cy trng b. Ngun tip nhn nc thi Theo quy hoch khai thc m ct kt Lc Trung, cc ngun nc thi sau khi cc ht cng lng trong ngn lng ca h v thu du ni, nc tiu chun s c s dng lm nc phc v cho khu ch bin, ti ng v thi ra mi trng. 3.3.3 Tc ng do cng ngh ch bin Cng ngh ch bin gm cc cng on p nghin, sng theo quy cch, trong qua sn xut s sinh bi, ting n, s tc ng n mi trng chung v sc khe cng nhn, do d cc gii php cng ngh l gim bi v ting n khi ch bin. 3.3.4 Tc ng ti mi trng t Cc cht rn ch yu trong khai thc m: ht ct, ht st, cc cht thi rn v qu trnh khai thc s nh hng n mi trng t, din tch chim t khi khai thc: 40,76 ha. Trong din tch khai trng l 22,68 ha, din tch h lng 1,8 ha, con li l din tch khu ch bin, bi cha, ng vn chuyn v cc cng trnh ph khc. 3.3.5 Cnh quan v lch s Din khai thc nh, trong khu vc khng c cc di tch lch s. V vy d n khng nh hng n cnh quan v lch s ca khu vc. 3.3.6 Tc ng n mi trng kinh t x hi a. Tc ng tch cc S ra i ca m ct kt Lc Trung v khu ch bin s tc ng n mi trng kinh t x hi v c s h tng trong khu vc: Ci thin mt s c s h tng
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- Xy dng nng cp ng t. - Ti tr xy dng cc cng trnh lm tr s, trng hc, trm x... Gp phn nng cao mt bng kinh t x hi Nng cao dn tr, chuyn sang lm dch v vi thu nhp cao hn. Nng cao kh nng cha bnh, tng thu nhp chung t thu v lm dch v, thu nhn con em nhn dn trong vng vo lm vic ti m. b. Tc ng tiu cc S giao lu kinh t vn ho c ci thin nn mt s t nn x hi s thm nhp v gy hu qu xu. Cn c cc bin php phi hp vi c s ng, Chnh quyn s ti m bo an ninh, trt t x hi. 3.3.7 Tc ng ca khai thc n sc kho ca ngi lao ng a. Bnh ngh nghip Mi trng khai thc gy nhim cc b v ton b khu vc, khi tin hnh d n cn quan tm x l ng mc vn ny. Mt khc do iu kin vi kh hu khu vc khai thc l thin, ch bin , v vy ngi lao ng ni chung thng mc cc loi bnh sau: b. Bnh nhim bi Ch yu l cng nhn phi tip xc trc tip vi mi trng bi c hm lng oxit silic v oxit can xi trn tiu chun cho php. Hu ht cng nhn m sau khi tip xc vi mi trng lao ng m t 6 thng tr ln u c th b nhim bi. c- Bnh bi phi Cc cng nhn trc tip sn xut u tip xc thng xuyn vi mi trng nhng ni pht sinh bi, trong c bi cha silicat SiO2, nn cn phi c cc gii php phng nga bnh bi phi. d. Bnh au mt C lin quan n ngun nc sinh hot cng nh mi trng lm vic bi bm. Theo thng k t l ngi lao ng mc bnh ny m c iu kin khai thc tng t hng nm l 15 n 20%. e. Bnh ngoi da C lin quan trc tip n mi trng sng v lao ng . Theo thng k t l ngi mc bnh ngoi da hng nm chim t 15 n 20%. Cc bnh ngoi da ch yu l nm v mn nga. Khi d n c tin hnh cn c mt s bin php chm sc sc khe cho ngi lao ng. KT LUN CHUNG CHNG 3
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1. nhim khi XDCB v qu trnh khai thc m din ra lin tc trn cc yu t: bi, kh c, ting n, ht rn lm bi lng, sp l, cun tri, mi trng nc, mi trng t, bnh ngh nghip, cnh quan, mi trng kinh t x hi. 2. nh hng ln nht khi thc hin d n l bi, cn lng ca t ct, cun tri, st l. 3. Ti lng nhim ca cc yu t gy nh hng n mi trng khng ln, nu thc hin y cc gii php nh chng 4 th thc trng mi trng khng nhng khng b ph v m d n s mang li nhiu li ch v kch thch pht trin nhiu lnh vc trong khu vc.
CHNG 4
CC BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG

4.1 KHNG CH, I PH CC TC NG XU 4.1.1 Giai on m m v xy dng Trong giai on m m, cc ngun gy nhim l cc ngun phn tn v khng lin tc to nn. Cng ty a ra cc bin php khng ch mang tnh cht cc b v ch yu l cc bin php phng h i vi ngi lao ng trc tip. Cc bin php khng ch nhim trong qu trnh m m nh sau: - Phun nc thng xuyn bng xe phun nc trn ng khu vc m m v cc on ng ang xy dng. Trong danh mc cc thit b ca m, d n trang b cho m mt xe phun nc chng bi, hot ng lin tc 8h/ngy, lng nc phun khong 5060m3/ngy. - Trang b y bo h lao ng cho ngi cng nhn. - C k hoch thi cng hp l, bin php thi cng tin tin m bo v sinh mi trng, an ton lao ng. - Khi t chc thi cng, cng nhn tun th cc quy nh v an ton lao ng, ch vn b tr my mc thit b, cc bin php phng nga tai nn. - Xy dng h thng chiu sng cho nhng ni cn lm vic ban m. - My mc thit b phi c y l lch km theo, v c kim tra theo di thng xuyn cc thng s k thut. - Xy dng xong h thng thu nc dn tp trung v h lng lng.
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- Thc hin y Qui phm an ton v bo qun, vn chuyn v s dng vt liu n (TCVN 4586-97) - Thc hin y Qui phm k thut khai thc m l thin (TCVN 5326-91). - Thc hin y Quy phm k thut an ton trong khai thc v ch bin l thin (TCVN 5178-2004). Bn knh vng nguy him khi n mn khu m m v khai thc c xc nh c th nh tnh ton giai on khai thc bnh thng. Khi tin hnh cng tc n phi p dng cng ngh v k thut tin tin iu khin n nhm thu c hiu qu n tt nht ng thi gim chiu di vng xa ca nhng hn v phng ln xung tuyn ng trong khu vc m m. H thng ng vn ti trong ngoi m phi cc tiu v bin bo. 4.1.2 Giai on khai thc m 4.1.2.1 Bi t trong giai on khai thc bnh thng Hon chnh v nng cp ng vo m gim bi do gi cun v xe chy to ra, cc on ng ny s c thng xuyn tu sa bo dng, Cng ty thit k cc on ng chnh vi mt ng nha gim bi. 4.1.2.2 Kh thi ca cc phng tin vn ti v phng php phng chng Kh thi ca phng tin vn ti ngoi m, my kh nn v n mn cha cc cht nhim bao gm: bi, khi, kh c: SO2, NO2. CO, VOC. gim thiu s nhim gy ra do kh thi cc phng tin vn ti, Cng ty p dng cc bin php sau: - Thay i nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh cao bng nhin liu c hm lng lu hunh thp. Thay nhin liu c ch s octane, cetane thp bng nhin liu c ch s octane, cetane cao ph hp vi thit k ca xe. - Khng ch qu trng ti quy nh, nhm bi, khi, kh c bo v mi trng chung. - Quy nh xe vn chuyn phi c thng kn , c che bt. - Thng xuyn bo dng thit b vn ti, my nn kh, iu chnh sa cha kp thi xe my nhm m bo chng lm vic iu kin thit b tt nht, an ton c nng sut v sinh ra kh thi c hi t nht. 4.1.2.3 Cng tc n mn v cc phng php khng ch tc ng xu a. Lng kh c do n mn sinh ra v nh hng ca n
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Lng thuc n hng nm s dng l: 391,69 tn, sinh ra 799 tn bi/nm v 21.340 lt kh c hi/nm. Kh c hi sinh ra do n mn ch yu l N 2O5, NO, CO cc loi kh ny b phn hu mnh trong mi trng nc v hi nc (1 lt nc phn hy c 20 lt kh N2O5, NO), cc gng khai thc do khai thc thp hn mc thot nc t chy nn hon ton m v bo ho nc, nh vy sau khi n mn 15 pht cc kh c s b phn hu do hi nc v nh thng gi t nhin n s pht tn vo khng gian rng ln. Mt khc trong cng nghip sn xut cht n an ton phc v ngnh m l thin ca cc c s sn xut trong nc cng nh cc hng nc ngoi sn xut cc loi thuc n c cn bng xy bng khng hoc xp x bng khng nhm sn sinh lng kh c l nh nht (nh nu trong phn la chn thuc v ph kin n). Ngoi ra, thc t lng thuc n hng nm m s dng 310,24 tn/nm l lng thuc rt nh so v cc m khai thc than l thin (v d m Cc Su 10.000 tn/nm) vng Qung Ninh, m nh hng do kh c khng ng k, hu nh khng c biu hin ng c hoc nh hng sc kho cng ng chung. Nh vy vic s dng cht n phc v khai thc m ct kt Lc Trung, t nh hng n mi trng chung. b. Tnh ton bn knh an ton khi n mn Cc h chiu n mn c th ca tng t n c lp ring, t c hiu qu tt nht trong cng tc n mn khai thc m ct kt Lc Trung. Khong cch an ton v chn ng i vi nh v cng trnh Xc nh theo cng thc : RC = KC . . 3
Q
; m
RC- khong cch an ton, m. KC- h s ph thuc vo tnh cht t nn ca cng trnh cn bo v, khu vc m Lc Trung t nn l t cng chn Kc = 5. Q- tng lng thuc mt t n, trung bnh Q = 2.121 kg - h s ph thuc vo ch s tc dng n n, y n = 1 do = 1 Thay vo ta c : RC = 5.1. 3 2.121 = 93,12m RC = 93 m. Khong cch an ton v sng p lc khng kh Nguy him i vi ngi do p lc ln, i vi ngi khng c ch n np chn K1 = 5, c:
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Ra = K1 Q = 5 2.121 = 230,27m Ra = 231m Cn phi tuyt i tun th cc qui phm v s dng, bo qun, vn chuyn vt liu n theo php qui ca Nh nc (TCVN 4586-97). Trong tt c cc trng hp, khong cch an ton c tnh cho tng t n c th, khong cch an ton do vng, theo iu 1,6 v 4 ca TCVN 4586-97, tng th khong cch an ton phi m bo khong cch ti thiu : - i vi ngi: khng nh hn 300m - i vi thit b: khng nh hn 150m. c. Xy dng kho cha thuc n v vt liu n M c sn lng nh, khi lng thuc v vt liu n s dng khng ln nn vic cung ng thuc n, ph kin n do cc x nghip thuc ca Cng ty cung ng ho cht m pha Nam cung ng. Tuy nhin d tr mt phn thuc v ph kin n v bo qun lng thuc v ph kin np cn tha trong cc t n. Cng ty s tin hnh xy dng kho cha thuc n v vt liu n theo thit k c s Cng an Ty Ninh ph duyt. d. La chn cng ngh n mn bo v mi trng - bo v mi trng, gim bi, kh c, bo co la chn cc phng php, s n mn tin tin, cc thng s n mn hp l v cc loi thuc n, vt liu n c cn bng oxy bng khng hoc sp x bng khng t sinh ra kh c, tng hiu qu n mn v bo v tt mi trng. - V b m c tng t ph b ri, chng sp l lp t ny, chn phng php n mn to bin: n 1 hng v tr gip bin, gim khong cch gia cc l mn v cch l np thuc 1 l, dng bua nc. e. Hn ch kh nng sinh sn kh c khi n mn, la chn thuc v ph kin n Khi n cht n l qu trnh xy ra phn ng oxy ho cc cht chy (H2, C) m oxy c ngay trong thnh phn ca bn thn cht n. Mun cho sn phm kh sau khi n l nhng cht khng c i vi c th con ngi v mi trng th s lng oxy phi va oxy ho hon ton cc cht chy ngha l H2 b oxy ho thnh H2O v C b oxy ho thnh CO2. Trong trng hp ny cht n c phn ng oxy ho bng 0. Nu thnh phn cht n thiu oxy oxy ho hon ton ta gi l cn bng m. Lc C chuyn thnh CO. Nu trong thnh phn cht n tha oxy o xy ho ngi ta gi l cn bng dng v oxy tha + nit to thnh NO hoc NO2. Trong nhng sn phm kh n c hi nht l CO v NO. trang 74
T l cc loi kh c ph thuc vo thnh phn cht n. Khi cn bng oxy m ln th to thnh CO nhiu hn NO. Tnh cht to kh ca cht n c th c nh gi bng h s: Kk = C 0 Kk - H s th hin tnh cht to kh ca cht n. C, Co - Th tch kh c to ra khi n 1kg cht n s dng v cht n c cn bng oxy bng 0. i vi cht n c cn bng oxy m th: Kk = 1+ 3 K 0 Kc - Cn bng oxy ca cht n; % (ly tr tuyt i) Nu n hn hp nhiu cht n th: Kk =
K
kn
Qn
Qn - Khi lng thuc n ca cc loi khc nhau. Kkn - H s to kh ca cc loi cht n trong hn hp. Mt phn kh c to ra khi n cn li trong t , mt phn cng bi b ph hu thm nhp vo kh quyn. Th tch ca m my bi, kh c l: C = C0 / (1 + q - Ch tiu thuc n, kg/m3 Sn phm kh c, bi to thnh kh n ho ln vo khng kh, xm nhp vo t , cha y cc khe nt v l hng trong t gy ng c cho con ngi. Mt CO phn trn ca n t 0,04% v NO2 l 0,07% (sau khi n 1,5 2 pht). Thi gian phn tn m my bi, kh ra khi gii hn m c th ko di 30 pht. i vi con ngi nguy him sau khi n l kh n thot ra t t b ph hu. Khi lng cc i ca CO cn li trong t khi n trtin trong l khoan kh hoc ngp nc yu l 50,8 lt/kg. Khi n quy m ln cc m , , khi lng kh c ph thuc vo iu kin n v c th vt 100 lt/kg.
0,27 q
) ; lt/kg
Co - Th tch kh c sinh ra khi n, lt/kg
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Bi to ra khi n mn, lan truyn pht tn trong khong cch ln v c tc dng n sc khe con ngi, nh hng xu n mi trng xung quanh. Trong m my kh-bi, mt bi chim gn 2.000 mg/m3. Phn ch yu ca bi sinh ra lm nhim bn khong khng xung quanh, phn cn li tn ti trong ng n mn v lm nhim bu kh quyn khi tin hnh xc bc v vn ti. c bit nguy hi cho sc kho con ngi l loi bi c cha kh c. Bi c kh nng cha v gi CO, NO lu hn mt thng. Nhng loi bi nh vy s lm pht trin nhanh chng bnh ngh nghip ca th m l bnh bi phi. t c yu cu v hiu qa n v bo v mi trng, trn c s nhng chng loi thuc n v cc ph kin n hin c, ta hon ton c th la chn cc loi thuc n v ph kin n tho mn iu kin ph v t , em li hiu qu cao trong khai thc: m bo k thut, h gi thnh, an ton cng nh bo v tt mi trng. g. La chn thuc n: Nhng chng loi, c tnh k thut ca thuc n v cc ph kin n hin ang s dng Vit Nam nh bng 4-1. Bng 4-1
T T 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Tn gi Zern 79/21 Zern chu nc TNT ht TNT-15 Wategel TFD15 Anfo Amnite N0-1 Powegel 2501V T trng g/cm3 1,0 1,1 0,9 1,0 1,05 1,1 1,05 1,05 1,1 1,1 1,2 0,95 1,1 1,1 1.2 Tc n, km/sec 3,2 4,0 3,6 4,0 5,8 5,0 4,0 4,4 4,1 4,2 4,0 4,2 5,6 5,8 Kh nng sinh cng, cm3/min 350 360 350 360 310 330 260 270 300 310 320 330 350 380 400 430 Sc ph, mm 14 1 6 14 1 6 16 1 7 15 1 6 21 2 3 15 2 0 13 1 5 21 2 Cn bng xy 0 0 -74 -74 0 0 +28 0 Th gian bo qun, thng 6 6 12 12 6 6 6 8
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9 10
Nh tng TQ N. tng NT-13
1,0 1,3 1.0 1,2
3,5 4,5 3,5 3,7
280 340 280 310
3 16 1 8 12 1 4
0 0
6 3
Nh vy bo v tt mi trng khi n mn m ct kt Lc Trung, m c cng cao, l khoan c nc, Cng ty la chn cc loi thuc n sau: - Thuc n Anfo. - Thuc n Zern 79/21. - Thuc n nh tng NT-13. - Thuc n nh tng Trung Quc * Ph kin n: Phng php n mn phi in ph kin n ca hng ICI (Australia) hoc IDL (n), hoc cc ph kin ca Vit Nam: - Ht n khi ng bng c hc c cng s 2. - Dy truyn tn hiu s cp LIL. - Ngi n chm trn dy dn chnh Primadet TLD. - Ngi n chm trn dy xung l Primadet LLHD. - Mi n Pwerprime PLUS. Phng php n mn vi sai bng dy n bnh thng: - Kp in vi sai: Lin x (c), Australia, n . - Dy n: Lin x k hiu DSA, DSV, ca hng ICI, IDL, DNT-90 ca VN. * La chn phng php n mn hn ch nh hng xu ti mi trng Phn d n la chn s n mn ng thi, s ny c nhiu nhc im, sinh nhiu kh c, bi v sng chn ng. Do bo v mi trng, gim bi, kh c Cng ty s tin hnh phng php n mn vi sai, m bo cht lng p v t , gim chn ng lm sp l tng, b m, bi thi v cc cng trnh khc trong khu vc, khng tp trung nng lng, sinh t bi, gim cc tc ng xu ti mi trng Cc s n vi sai c la chn: - N vi sai theo th t n cc l mn vi cc ph kin n ca hng ICI (Australia) hoc hng IDL (n ) bao gm: ht n khi ng bng c hc c cng
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s 2, dy truyn tn hiu s cp LIL, ngi n chm trn dy dn chnh Primadet TLD, ngi n chm trn dy xung l Primadet LLHD, mi n Pwerprime PLUS ca hng ICI (Australia) hoc IDL (n ) cng cc loi thuc n c la chn, hnh 41.
L khi n u tin Mtrng t
17
36
51
68
85
102
M t trng
84
42
59
76
93
110
127
144
101
118
135
152
169
186
126
143
160
177
194
211
228
17 % Sec TLD PRIMADET
% 42 sec TLD PRIMADET
Hnh 4-1: Khi n tng l bng ngi n chm trn dy dn chnh - N vi sai theo th t hng ngang, hnh 4-2, vi cc ph kin n c chn nh phn trn hoc chn kp in vi sai, dy n bnh thng.
Hnh 4-2: N vi sai theo hng ngang. * Kt cu v cc thng s mng n Dng mng n tam gic u, cc thng s ca mng n: a, b, W, Lk, Lkt m, n, q c tnh ton da trn tnh cht c l t , nhim v v yu cu ca cng tc n mn nh tnh chng 1. Cc thng s khoan n th hin bng 4-2. Bng 4-2 TT Cc thng s 1 Chiu cao tng khoan n (khai thc) 2 ng knh l khoan K hiu Ht n v m mm Ga tr 10 105 trang 78
3 Chiu su l khoan Llk mm 11,5 4 Chiu su khoan thm Lkt mm 1,5 5 ng khng chn tng W m 4,7 6 Khong cch gia cc l khoan a m 4,7 7 Khong cch gia cc hng l khoan b m 4,0 3 8 Ch tiu thuc n q kg/m 0,35 9 Lng thuc n trong 1 LK hng ngoi Qlk1 Kg/LK 77,3 10 Lng thuc n trong 1 LK hng trong Qlk2 Kg/LK 63,8 * S dng bua n nc nhm hn ch kh c v bi nng cao hiu qu cng tc khoan n mn v bo v tt mi trng, v nhng li ch trc mt v lu di. Hin nay cc cng trnh s dng bua nc cho cc l khoan nh trong m than hm l vng Qung Ninh cho cc kt qu tt trong phng chng bi v kh c. Do , trn cc m khai thc l thin khi n cc l khoan ng v khoan xin vic s dng bua nc np trong cc ti PE chuyn dng cn c nghin cu v s dng rng ri. Trong iu kin khoa hc k thut ngy cng tin b, vic bo v mi trng ngy cng bc bch, la chn thay th bua nc bng cc loi bua thng thng s c ngha ln. 4.1.2.4 Phng php chng bi m khi XDCB v sn xut bnh thng 1. gng xc, gng khoan, ng vn chuyn, bi t pht sinh l ngun pht tn trn din tch rng nn vic thu gom v x l bi rt kh khn, hu nh khng thc hin c. Tuy nhin gng khai thc c m cao, bo ho nc, do lng pht sinh ra bi v khng pht tn vo khu vc xung quanh khng ln. 2. Trong qu trnh xy dng m v sn xut bnh thng, Cng ty s s dng xe phun nc gim bi do qu trnh san gt, xc bc, vn chuyn v khu vc nghin p ca trm p sinh ra. 3. Chng bi trm p: Cng ty dng b nghin sng lin hp BDSU-250 ch bin , cng tc nghin sng s khng trnh khi bi pht tn vo mi trng xung quanh, giam bi ti mc ti thiu cn phi lp cc thit b v s dng cng ngh phun sng gim bi bo v sc kho cho cng nhn vn hnh v mi trng chung ca khu vc. 4. Trng cy xanh xung quanh m, khu nghin p, bi cha sn phm, hai bn l ng vn chuyn nhm hp th v ngn cn s pht tn bi ra mi trng xung quanh l bin php bo v mi trng rt hiu qu v c chi ph nh nht, chiu rng di cy xanh rng t 30-50m
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4.1.2.5 Nc thi sn xut, nc ma chy trn, du m Xy dng h lng x l cc cht nhim cha trong nc thi v nc ma chy trn. a. Tnh ton tc lng ca cc cp ht trong h lng Nc thi sn xut v nc ma chy trn c khi lng ln ng k, khong 211.250m3/nm (ch yu do ra xe, nc ma chy trn), trong nc thi sn xut, nc ma chy trn c cha nhiu ht rn l lng (hng nm l 1.249 tn v 799 kg du m), nc thi sn xut s c thu gom vo h x l v x l trc khi thi ra mng thy li. Thc t dng nc thi khi c dn vo h lng hu nh ton b ht c lng v gi li trong h. Tc lng v qung ng lng c xc nh: Tc lng W ca cc c ht trong bi lng ph thuc vo hnh dng, kch thc, trng lng, th tch ca ht, nhit mi trng, nht dung dch, trng lng th tch ca dung dch v nc, ta c mi quan h: W = f(d, d, , n, , , t0) Cng thc thc nghim ca TS Phm Cng Khanh tnh chung cho cc c ht t 0,001-100mm, c th s dng ph hp cho cc dng ht c thi vo h lng:
2( c 0 ) W = 18 gd 18 + 0 d d
2
; cm/s.
- H s nht thu ng dng bn, g/ cmsec - Trng khi ca dng bn, g/cm3 c- Trng lng th tch ht cng, g/cm3 0- Trng lng th tch nc, g/cm3 d- ng knh ht, cm. b. Tnh ton chiu di qung ng lng L T cng thc trn ta tin hnh tnh ton hai gi tr tc lng v qung ng lng cho cc loi c ht khi dng bn t c s vo h lng. c tnh bn t l c s tnh ton ch v qung ng lng. c tnh bn ca m c gii thiu bng 4-3, (xc nh theo cc m c iu kin khai thc tng t). Bng 4-3
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TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
c tnh Trng lng th tch m t nhin Gii hn chy st Dung trng t nhin Dung trng kh rng Gc ni ma st
K hiu W Wt W c m
n v T/m3 % % g/cm3 g/cm3 %
Ga tr 2,100 40,30 35,50 1,130 1,54 1,17 46,00 11,49 Bng 4-4
K hiu .v Gi tr d mm 1,0 10 0,25 1,0 0,05 0,25 0,01 0,05 0,005 0,01 W m/s 0,496 0,343 0,217 0,136 0,0096 L m 38,54 55,54 87,97 140 200 Nh vy theo kt qu tnh ton v thc t khi khai thc m c cha trn 60% SiO2, dng bn thi khi chy vo h lng c c ht < 0,005 mm chim trn 3% tng khi lng ht cng l lng, qung ng lng ca c ht nh nht ny theo tnh ton di 200m. Nh vy vi gi tr ht cng l lng ca nc thi thc t c lng ng gn nh ton b trong h, khi thi ra mi trng nc s c gi tr cht lng nc thi cng nghip cho php loi B ca TCVN 5945-2005 (90 mg/lt). c. Khng ch cn lng trong moong khai thc nc ma chy trn - Nc thi moong khai thc, nc thi cng nghip, nc ma chy trn v nc ra xe c bm v dn vo h lng pha Nam khu m. gim thiu tc ng ti mi trng trong khu vc, tin hnh p v to thnh h lng 2 ngn: H c cc thng s ch yu sau: dung tch s dng l 33.000 m3, di trn 200m, ct cao y h l +13,5m, ct cao mt p l +17m. Din tch mt h l 18.000 m2, phn mt rng 5m. Vi lng cht thi rn cun theo nc ma chy trn hng nm l 1.249 tn tng ng 624m3. Vi khi lng ny sau 9 nm khai thc khi lng bn ct lng trong h l 5.619m3, chim 17% dung tch h lng. Do vi dung tch h 33.000m3, hon ton lu gi khng ch qun l bn thi, ht rn l lng. - Nc thi sinh hot c x l bng cc b lng v b t hoi (c thit k v xy dng khi XDCB m). d. Khng ch du m x l du m trong nc thi sn xut (khong 799 kg/nm), ta dng b tch du theo kiu b lng ngang (ngn th 2 ca b lng). Nc thi cha du m sau khi t b lng s chy sang b tch du kiu ch bin ni. Cc ht du ni trn b mt
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s c thu gom a i x l tip. Hng nm c o kim v gim st ca c quan chc nng. e. Kt qu sau khi x l cc cht trong nc thi Cn lng trong moong khai thc v nc ma chy trn sau khi lng ng v tch du (o nng thot h lng, m vi Hong Mai A, Cng ty xi mng Nghi Sn), cho cc gi tr: du m 0,42-0,49mg/l, COD 25-30mg/l, BOD5 30-40mg/l, SS 60-75mg/l, u nh hn gi tr cho php. Nu Cng ty p dng x l nc thi cng nghip qua h lng nc thi ra mng s t gi tr ngc loi B. 4.1.2.6 X l rc v nc thi sinh hot - Rc sinh hot cha ch yu l cc cht hu c d phn hu c th chn, lm phn bn, hng nm l 26.626 kg, lng rc thi c k hp ng vi cng ty mi trng khu vc x l. - Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin ti khu tp th (nm trong khu vn phng m), c khi lng 8.030m3/nm, vi lng nhim COD: 4.044 kg/nm, BOD5: 4.015 kg/nm, SS: 8.833 kg/nm, tng nit: 723 kg/nm. Hin nay, c rt nhiu bin php s l nc thi sinh hot, nhng do tnh cht, khi lng nc thi, c im kh hu a hnh, mt bng khu nh nn phng php ph hp nht c th s dng l phng php s l bng b t hoi: Nc thi sinh hot c thu gom v dn n h thng s l bng cc b t hoi, (h thng s l ny c tnh ton thit k c th khi thit k k thut thi cng khu ph tr). B t hoi l cng trnh ng thi c hai chc nng: lng v phn hu cn lng. Cn lng gi li trong b t 6-8 thng, di nh hng ca cc vi sinh vt ym kh, cc cht hu c b phn hu, mt phn to thnh cc cht kh v mt phn to thnh cc cht v c ho tan. Nc thi lng trong b vi thi gian di bo m hiu sut lng cao. Theo kinh nghim, th tch b nh mc l 0,3m 3/ngi th th tch b t hoi cn xy dng l 49m3. Nc thi sau khi s l c th tho ra mng thy li. 4.1.2.7 Khng ch cc yu t vt l Theo kt qu tnh ton cc ch tiu cho php v n, tt c cc thit b khai thc, ch bin s dng cc m c iu kin khai thc tng t m Lc Trung u vt tiu chun cho php. Trong giai on u khai thc cc thit b cn mi kh nng gy n nh. Tuy nhin chng vn vt tiu chun cho php, do t tiu chun v ting n, rung trong khu sn xut, Cng ty s p dng cc bin php chng n, rung cho cc thit b, my mc khi hot ng nh sau: - Kim tra mn chi tit v thng k cho du m bi trn. - Lp t m cao su, c cu gim chn v l so chng rung i vi cc thit b c cng sut cao nh: my khoan, my xc, my gt, b nghin sng lin hp...
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- p dng cc bin php chng n do cc phng tin giao thng gy ra, bng cch khng ch xe ch ng trng ti, nng cp h thng giao thng ni b bng ng ri nha, khng lm vic ca 3. Nhng bin php nu trn s gim thiu n, rung m bo cho sn xut t tiu chun ting n ca B Y t l di 90dBA. 4.1.2.8 Khng ch tc ng n mi trng x hi S giao lu kinh t vn ho c ci thin nn mt s t nn x hi s thm nhp v gy hu qu xu. Cn c cc bin php phi hp vi c s ng, Chnh quyn s ti m bo an ninh, trt t x hi. 4.1.2.9 Khng ch tc ng n sc kho ca ngi lao ng Cc cng nhn trc tip sn xut u tip xc thng xuyn vi mi trng nhng ni pht sinh bi, trong c bi cha silicat SiO2, nn cn phi c cc gii php phng nga bnh bi phi, bnh au mt... - Tin hnh kim tra an ton lao ng v sinh cng nghip. Kim tra mi trng lao ng trong cc phn xng hng thng, hng qu. - T chc khm sc kho nh k hng nm cho cng nhn, phn loi sc kho. Hng nm t chc kim tra vic nhim bi , bi khong cht cho cng nhn. 4.1.2.10 Tc ng ting n, chn ng do n mn n khu vc dn c Khu vc m l vng bng phng, nm trong mt xm nh tha tht dn c, sau khi gii phng mt bng nh dn gn nht cch bin gii an ton n mn khong 1 km. M tin hnh n mn 2 ngy mt ln vo bui tra, s lng thuc mi ln n 2.121 kg thuc n, bn knh nh hng do sng chn ng Rc = 90m, sng p khng kh Ra = 270m, ting n khi n bi mn c gi tr l: 120-130dBA. khc phc ta dng cc bin php sau: N khi lng nh, n vi sai theo th t cc l khoan, hoc hng ngang gim cc tc ng xu. Do tc ng ting n, chn ng do n mn n khu vc dn c khng ln. 4.1.2.11 Phng chng sp l cng trnh khai thc v cc cng trnh khc Nhn chung i b phn t khu m c n nh kh cao, khu m c cu to a cht n gin, hu nh khng c phay ph, nc ngm c h s thm v lu lng nh. Tuy nhin lp ph T, c n nh thp cn c gii php bo v tch cc. a. Cc gi tr c l t v phng php tnh ton n nh b m Mo co ac iem a chat kha n gian, gom 2 a tang sau: * He e t, thong Pleistocen trung-thng. Tram tch song. He tang Thu c (aQ123 t)
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Phan bo rong khap mo, phu bat chnh hp len be mat a goc he tang Dau Tieng. Thanh phan chu yeu la cat, cat pha, set pha va set lan san, soi laterit. oi vi cong tac khai thac mo sau nay, ay la lp at khong on nh, bat li oi vi ieu kien a chat cong trnh mo. *. He Trias, thong Thng. He tang Dau Tieng (T3dt) Cac a cua he tang Dau Tieng lo ra tren mot dien tch nho pha Tay mo. Chung b phu bat chnh hp bi cac thanh tao b ri he tang Thu c. Tren mat cat, chung co dang mot khoi nui ngam kh u theo cc hng. a co the nam cam ve pha ong Nam vi goc doc t 45-60o. Thanh phan thach hoc khong ong nhat, gom co cat ket tuf, cat san ket tuf, dam san ket tuf, cat bot ket, set bot ket. Cac a eu b bien chat sng hoa manh, rat cng, chac, mc o nt ne kem. ay chnh la oi tng khai thac cua mo. Mo a xay dng Loc Trung se c khai thac bang phng phap khai thac lo thien en mc -40m. e xac nh goc b moong on nh trong khai thac, cn tnh toan goc on nh b moong cho tat ca cac lp at a co mat trong mo. Goc doc b moong khai thac c tnh theo cong thc sau: tg = K + H
tg
Trong o: : Goc doc b moong khai thac (o). : Goc ma sat trong cua at, a (o) K: He so an toan. C: Lc dnh ket cua at, a (tan/m2). H: Chieu cao b moong khai thac tnh en cao o (m). : The trong t nhien cua at a (tan/m3). : He so mem yeu phu thuoc vao mc o nt ne va ong nhat cua at, a. Thc te khai thac mo co 2 loai goc doc b moong la b moong ong (b moong ang thay i trong qua trnh khai thac) va b moong tnh (b moong co nh khi en bien gii khai trng). Can c vao thi gian ton tai va mc o anh hng cua qua trnh khai thac mo, goc doc b moong c tnh toan nh sau: 1- Tnh toan goc doc b moong ong Do thi gian ton tai cua b moong ong ngan, luon thay oi theo lch trnh khai thac. Chieu cao tang khai thac la 5m oi vi at phu va 10m oi
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vi cng lam a xay dng. e am bao an toan trong qua trnh khai thac, thong so c chon tnh toan on nh b moong cua a c lay theo gia tr trung bnh qua ket qua th nghiem. Cac thong so la chon e tnh c trnh bay trong bang 4-5 sau: Bang 4-5
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lp at a Lp 1: Set lan san soi laterit Lp 2: Set pha Lp 3: Cat pha Lp 4: Cat Lp 5: Cat san ket tuf Lp 6: Dam san ket tuf Lp 7: Cat bot ket b sng hoa Lp 8: Set bot ket b sng hoa Dung trong, tan/m3 1,97 1,93 1,91 1,73 2,77 2,75 2,78 2,80 Lc dnh ket (tan/m2) 3,65 2,03 1,21 0,00 4318 4114 3674 3666 He so an toan K 1,1 1,1 1,3 1,3 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 He so mem yeu 1 1 1 1 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 Goc ma sat trong , o 18,1 19,4 25,4 32,6 46,2 47,6 47,3 46,3 tg 0,33 0,35 0,48 0,64 1,04 1,09 1,08 1,05
Ket qua tnh toan goc doc on nh b moong ng oi vi cac lp t a c trnh bay trong bang 4-6 sau: Bang 4-6
TT Lp at a 5m tg 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Lp 1: Set lan san soi laterit Lp 2: Set pha Lp 3: Cat pha Lp 4: Cat Lp 5: Cat san ket tuf Lp 6: Dam san ket tuf Lp 7: Cat bot ket b sng hoa Lp 8: Set bot ket b sng hoa 0,667 0,531 0,492 0,492 94,194 90,456 79,927 79,316 34 28 26 26 89 89 89 89 Chieu cao tang khai thac 10 m 20 m tg 0,482 0,426 0,429 0,492 47,445 45,592 40,325 40,007 26 23 23 26 89 89 89 89 tg 0,389 0,373 0,397 0,492 24,070 23,161 20,524 20,352 21 20 22 26 88 88 87 87 30m tg 0,358 0,355 0,387 0,492 16,279 15,683 13,923 13,800 20 20 21 26 87 86 86 86
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2- Tnh toan goc doc b moong tnh oi vi cac b moong tnh (co nh) do chu anh hng cua cac yeu to t nhien va cac hoat ong khai thac van chuyen cua mo (xe co chay tren cac tuyen van tai trong mo, rung khi ban mn, bao hoa nc vao mua ma...) nen phai co he so an toan cao hn. Can c vao cac ieu kien tren, tuy thuoc vao tnh on nh cua at nen ma he so an toan va he so mem yeu c chon cho phu hp. Cac thong so tnh toan goc on nh b moong tnh c trnh bay trong bang 4-7 sau: Bang 4-7
TT Lp at a Dung trong (tan/m3) 1,97 1,93 1,91 1,73 2,77 2,75 2,78 2,80 Lc He so dnh ket an toan (tan/m2) K 3,65 2,03 1,21 0,00 4318 4114 3674 3666 1,20 1,20 1,40 1,40 1,80 1,80 1,80 1,80 H. so mem yeu 0,90 0,90 0,90 0,90 0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15 Goc ni ma sat , 18,07 19,42 25,43 32,60 46,24 47,57 47,33 46,31 tg
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Lp 1: Set lan san soi laterit Lp 2: Set pha Lp 3: Cat pha Lp 4: Cat Lp 5: Cat san ket tuf Lp 6: Dam san ket tuf Lp 7: Cat bot ket b sng hoa Lp 8: Set bot ket b sng hoa
0,33 0,35 0,48 0,64 1,04 1,09 1,08 1,05
Ket qua tnh toan goc doc on nh b moong tnh oi vi cac lp at a c trnh bay trong bang 4-8 sau: Bang 4-8
Lp at a 5m tg Lp 1: Set lan san soi laterit Lp 2: Set pha Lp 3: Cat pha 0,61 0,48 0,45 3 1 2 6 2 Chieu cao tang khai thac 10 m 20 m 30m tg tg tg 2 2 0,3 1 0,44 0,36 4 0 3 8 2 1 0,3 1 0,39 0,34 1 9 3 8 0,40 2 0,37 2 0,3 2 40m tg 0,3 1 1 7 0,3 1 2 8 0,3 1 50m tg 0,3 17 1 0,3 17 1 0,3 19
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Lp 4: Cat Lp 5: Cat san ket tuf Lp 6: Dam san ket tuf Lp 7: Cat bot ket b sng hoa Lp 8: Set bot ket b sng hoa
0,46 47,3 3 45,4 7 40,2 0 39,8 9
4 2 5 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 9
0,46 23,9 5 23,0 4 20,4 0 20,2 4
2 2 5 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 7
0,46 12,2 7 11,8 2 10,5 0 10,4 1
0 2 5 8 5 8 5 8 5 8 5
6 0,4 6 8,3 7 8,0 8 7,2 0 7,1 3
0 2 5 8 3 8 3 8 2 8 2
5 0,4 6 6,4 2 6,2 2 5,5 5 5,4 9
9 2 5 8 1 8 1 8 0 8 0
5 0,4 6 5,2 5 5,0 9 4,5 6 4,5 1
25 79 79 78 78
Ket qua tnh toan goc doc b moong tnh trong at phu thap, a cao, do o khi khai thac phai co bien phap gia co b moong trong at va khong c khai thac vi goc doc qua gii han tnh toan. oi vi b moong tnh khi khai thac trong a khong c qua 60o la gii han cho phep oi vi khai thac mo lo thien theo quy nh hien hanh. b. Cc thng s HTKT tnh ton v la chn m bo n nh khi khai thc Nh nu ti bng 1-9 chng 1 c. D bo tnh n nh ca b m, phng php phng chng s c sp l Nhn chung gc trong khu m c n nh cao, khu m c cu to a cht n gin, khng c phay ph t gy, t ph mng c tnh n nh yu. m bo an ton trong qu trnh khai thc v trnh ri ro do sp l b m, cc gii php phng chng: - Cc thng s tnh ton thit k cho khai thc m, trong ng lu l gc n nh b m
v,t
= 20-250 nh hn gi tr n nh cho php ca ti liu a cht.
- M c chiu su khai thc nh H h = 55m (t mc +15 n -40), vi cc gi tr la chn ca h thng khai thc, s m bo n nh lu di ca b m v cc cng trnh khai thc. - Trong qu trnh khai thc phi thng xuyn theo di gim st cc din bin a cht, cc hin tng v nguy c gy sp l, phi tun th y v cht ch cc gii php k thut c tnh ton v la chn. - Gim chiu cao tng b m tnh trong lp t ph, gim gc nghing sn tng n mc ti thiu, c th gia c bng khoan phun b tng ngho vo b m kt thc khi cn thit, trng c d di. ti lp ph t.
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- Pha b Ty v Ty Nam ca m khi cn thit s li b m vo pha trong bin gii nhm gim chiu cao lp t ph v li cc tr bo v. - p bao v trng hnh lang cy xung quang bin gii m nhm ngn nc ma chy trn, tng n nh trong lp t ph, chng n, chng bi. - N mn to bin ti cc tng st bin gii m. 4.1.2.12 Phng n ti nh c Khi thc hin d n phi di chuyn 23 h gia nh ra khi khu m, tai nh c cho cc h ny, c php ca UBND tnh Ty Ninh v UBND huyn Dng Minh Chu, Cng ty c cp php san lp, xy dng khu ti nh c trn mt bng 5 ha t ao h ti khu vc H M x Lc Trung, cch khu m 3 km. 4.1.2.13 Phng n hon th v ng ca m sau tng giai on khai thc a. Cng tc hon th Giai on u sau khi khai thc ht tng +0, -10, -20, Cng ty s hon th cc tng v trng c trn cc tng ny tng n nh. b. ng ca m Khi kt thc khai thc m, x nghip m tin hnh cng vic ng ca m theo ng quy nh ca B Cng nghip. Ring khu vc mt bng m, sau khi kt thc khai thc s c ci to thnh h sinh thi, di cy xanh xung quanh m c gi li, cc bi cha , trm p, bao, h lng c san gt, ci to v ph li lp t hu c bi cha trng cy, to vn hoa, cy cnh, ph hp chung vi h sinh thi (khai trng kt thc v h lng). Khi m kt thc khai thc, Cng ty s trng cy cc din tch sn bi, khu nh vn phng v nh cng nhn vin ht thi gian s dng, din tch trng mi chim khong 161.600m2. S lng cy trng trung bnh l 3.000 cy/ha. Phng n c th: - Khi ang khai thc, lp h s quy hoch chi tit khu vc v ang khai thc hon th, trng cy c hng x l. - Khi chun b kt thc khai thc s san lp cc cng trnh cn li phc hi dng a hnh ban u to khu sinh thi mi. 4.2 AN TON LAO NG V PHNG CHNG S C 4.2.1 An ton lao ng v bo v sc kho cng nhn
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iu kin khai thc phc tp, tim n cc nguy c gy cc tai nn lao ng. V vy mi hot ng c thc hin ng quy phm khai thc m, quy phm v sn xut, s dng, vn chuyn, bo qun vt liu n. ng nh k t chc hun luyn an ton hng nm cho CBCNV trong m. a. An ton lao ng v bo v sc kho cng nhn - Trang b y dng c bo h lao ng, chng n, chng bi v thc hin cc bin php an ton cho cng nhn m theo ng quy nh. - Khng ch nng bi, kh c, ting n bng cc bin php thng gi tt nht trnh cc bnh ngh nghip do qu trnh khai thc m gy nn. - o to v cung cp thng tin v v sinh an ton lao ng. b. Phng chng tai nn lao ng Do hot ng sn xut c lin quan n cc yu t d gy nn cc s c v tai nn lao ng, nn d n khi i vo sn xut, s p dng cc bin php an ton lao ng sau y gim thiu tai nn lao ng: - Thng xuyn kim tra cc iu kin lm vic, ng vn chuyn, tuyn ngn, b m v cc yu t khc. - Trang b bo h lao ng (o qun, m, gng tay, giy...) cho cng nhn. - C trang b y t cp cu kp thi khi cng nhn b tai nn lao ng. - C xe cu thng sn sng cp cu khi c tai nn lao ng, m au. c. Phng chng chy - Trong khu vc c th xy ra chy kho nhin liu, kho thuc n v vt liu n, cng nhn khng c ht thuc v dng cc dng c pht ra tia la khi lm vic cc khu vc nguy him ny. - Kho thuc n v vt liu n c thit k v xy dng theo quy phm ring v c bo v c bit. Trang b h thng bo chy t ng, phng tin cu ho phi thng trc trng thi lm vic tt nht. - Kho cha nhin liu c mi che, c hng ro ring bit, nn kho cao ro, nhm chng nh hng ca nc ma chy trn s cun theo du m vi mi trng xung quanh. - Trang b y dng c bo h lao ng, chng n, chng bi kh c v thc hin cc bin php an ton cho cng nhn m theo ng quy nh.
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- Khng ch nng bi , kh c ting n bng cc bin php nu trn trnh cc bnh ngh nghip do qu trnh khai thc m gy nn. - o to v cung cp thng tin v v sinh an ton lao ng. 4.2.2 Phng chng st bo v kho nhin liu, kho thuc n, cc trm bin p, trnh c tc dng trc tip v tc ng gin tip ca st, d n s lp t thit b thu st. H thng thu st kiu ct s lp t nh sau: S lng ct thu st: 2, ct trong kho mn: 2, trm bin p: 2. Chiu cao ct thu li: 16,2m (Theo ph lc 10 TCVN 4586-88) Tt c cc thit b s dng in v bng kim loi u phi tip t an ton. Dng rut th t ca cp in, ng thp lun dy tip t hoc thp dt 25x4 mt u ni vi v ng c, mt u ni vi h thng tip t chung. H thng tip t cng trnh bao gm cc tip t dng thp gc 50x50x5 di t 2,5-3m ng su trong t, dy tip t dng thp dt 40x4 hn chc chn vi cc to thnh mch vng ni t. in tr ni t ca ton h thng yu cu l Rnd < 4 . Tt c cc cng trnh u c bo v chng st nh thng. Cn c vo s gi st nh trong nm v in tr sut ca t tnh ton mng tip t phng st thch hp. H thng bao gm kim thu st bng thp trn 16, dy dn st trn 8. Vic b tr kim thu st tu thuc vo cao trnh v da vo kt cu xy dng sao cho cc cng trnh xy dng u bo m nm trong phm vi an ton phng st. 4.2.3 An ninh trt t x hi - ng, on, Cng on, Ban lnh o Cng ty, cn b cng nhn vin thc hin y cc chnh sch, ng li ca ng, Chnh ph v trt t an ninh chung. - Phi hp vi ng b, Chnh quyn a phng v cc t chc x hi to ra quan h mt thit phng chng cc t nm x hi trong cng ty cng nh ngoi XH. KT LUN CHUNG CHNG 4 1. M khai thc bng phng php khai thc l thin, mc c gii ha cao, din tch chim t nh, khi lng t thi dng san lp cc cng trnh khc. nh hng ti mi trng khng ng k. 2. Vi cc gii php k thut v mc khng ch tch cc nh nu khi XDCB v khai thc m, Cng ty hon ton khng ch c cc yu t xu tc ng n mi trng.
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3. Khi c s c, ri ro do sp l cc b, ngp lt trn nc, vi cc thng s m c tnh ton la chn, cc gii php cng ngh thch hp mc tc ng chung ti mi trng khng ln.
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CHNG 5
CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MT

D an au t khai thac, che bien a vi mo a ct kt Lc Trung, cong suat khai thac 800.000m3/nam la d an c au t mi. Khi d an i vao hoat ong, cac tac ong gay o nhiem chu yeu phat sinh t cac hoat ong khoan no mn, khai thac, van chuyen, che bien (ap nghien sang). Cac hoat ong tren se gay o nhiem cuc bo en moi trng xung quanh (tang o on, chat thai, bui...). Do o Cong ty a a ra cac phng an giam thieu, khong che cac tac ong xau tai chng 4. ong thi, thong qua bao cao nay, Cong ty cam ket thc hien cac bien phap bao ve moi trng sau: - Thc hien cac phng an giam thieu o nhiem moi trng trong qua trnh hoat ong khai thac theo noi dung trong bao cao TM, cam ket am bao at TCVN ve moi trng qui nh. - Khai thac a lm vt liu xy dng thng thng ung theo giay phep khai thac mo doUBND tnh Ty Ninh cp. - Cong suat khai thac hang nam theo ung phng an a c phe duyet. - oi vi cac loai chat thai ran, t ph Cong ty cam ket se thu gom, lu gi va x ly theo ung quy nh. - Cam ket tiep tuc thc hien ky quy e phuc hoi moi trng. Khi ket thuc khai thac mo, se thc hien phng an phuc hoi moi trng sau khai thac va cac thu tuc ong ca mo theo quy nh cua Bo Tai nguyen Moi trng. - Cam kt thc hin y cc iu khon v lut bo v mi trng s 52/2005/QH11, ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005; Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP, ngy 09/8/2006: V vic quy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng; Thng t: 08/2006/TT-BTNMT, ngy 08/9/2006: Hng dn v nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng - Cam ket tuan thu Quyet nh so 35/2002-Q-BKHCN-MT ngay 25/6/2002 cua Bo KHCNMT ve viec cong bo danh muc Tieu chuan Viet Nam ve moi
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trng bat buoc ap dung. - Quyet nh so 22/2006-Q-BTNMT ngay 18/12/2006 cua BTNMT ve viec bt buc p dng Tieu chuan Viet Nam ve moi trng. - Tuan thu quyet nh 155/1999/Q-TTg cua Thu tng chnh phu ve quan ly CTNH oi vi chu nguon thai. - Tuan thu Ngh nh 137/2005/N-CP ngay 09/11/2005 cua Chnh phu va Thong t 105/2005/TT-BTC ngay 30/11/2005 cua Bo tai chnh ve ph bao ve moi trng oi vi khai thac khoang san. - Hang nam trch kinh ph e thc hien chng trnh giam sat moi trng. So lieu giam sat se c cap nhat va lu gi tai van phong mo. - Cam ket tuan thu cac ieu khoan theo Quyet nh phe chuan bao cao nay
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CHNG 6
CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

6.1 CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG 6.1.1 Trng vnh ai cy xanh xung quanh din tch khai thc - Trng vnh ai cy xanh quanh m rng 420m, di 420m, chiu rng vnh ai cy xanh 30m . - Din tch trng cy 5,76 ha. 6.1.2 o rnh xung quanh cc cng trnh phc v sn xut - Gm cc rnh quanh bi cha t ph di 220m, xng nghin p ch bin 620m, bi cha v ch bin hc 320m, rnh chung dn ra h lng 300m tng chiu di: 1.460m, rng mt trn 1,0m, mt di: o,6m, su 0,7m. - Khi lng o: 818m3 6.1.3 p ngn nc chy trn vo m - Kch thc: Di 1920m, p cao 1,0m; mt rng 5m; gc nghing p 350. - Khi lng o t cp IV: 18.790m3, l ln K = 0,95. 6.1.4 p o h lng - H lng c xy dng ngoi bin gii pha Nam khu m. gim thiu tc ng ti mi trng trong khu vc, d n tin hnh p v o h lng 2 ngn: H c cc thng s ch yu sau: dung tch s dng ton bi thi l 33.000 m3 vi ct cao y h l +17m, ct cao mt p l +15,5m. Din tch mt h l 18.000 m2. rng 5m di 720m, gc nghing mi dc 350. - Khi lng p : 4.832m3 l ln K = 0,95 , khi lng o: 24.974m3 6.1.5 B t hoi - Xy dng theo thit k nh khu ph tr. - Khi lng xy b vi dung tch: 49m3. 6.1.6 Tin thi cng cc cng trnh Thc hin trong 1 nm XDCB. 6.2 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG 6.2.1 Chng trnh qun l mi trng - Ban gim c m ra quyt nh thnh lp ban qun l MT m, thuc phng k thut m trong c mt cn b ph trch an ton v mi trng: + Hng dn thc hin v kim tra vic thc hin cc gii php v cc im trang 94
cam kt nu v c ph duyt trong TM. + Thng xuyn theo di gim st nhng tc ng trong qu trnh sn xut, cc bin ng, bo co vi lnh o a ra cc gii php ngn nga, x l v bo co cc c quan chc nng v mi trng cp huyn v cp tnh. - Thu n v c chc nng thc hin cc cng tc o c trong chng trnh gim st mi trng. - Quan h cht ch vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ty Ninh, phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng huyn Dng Minh Chu v lnh o X Lc Ninh gii quyt cc s c MT, t vn tp hun, gim st cc vn c lin quan v MT. 6.2.2 Chng trnh gim st mi trng m bo qu trnh khai thc, ch bin khng gy tc ng xu n mi trng xung quanh v nh gi hiu qu ca cc bin php khng ch nhim, chng trnh gim st cht lng mi trng c p dng trong sut thi gian hot ng khai thc m (cc v tr gim st nh nu trong bn v phn ph lc). 6.2.2.1 Gim st cht lng khng kh Thng s chn lc: Bi tng cng, cc loi kh c: CO2; NO2; N2O5. a im t v tr gim st: 2 im trong khu vc m khai thc, 1 im trong xng ch bin, 3 im cch m 300m, 900m, v 1.500m theo chiu gi. Tn s ly mu v phn tch mu: 2 nm u 4 ln/nm, cc nm sau 2 ln/nm. Thit b ly mu: thit b tiu chun. Tiu chun so snh: Tiu chun cht lng mi trng TCVN 6993-2001. 6.2.2.2 Gim st cht lng nc Thng s chn lc: pH, SS, tng cng, BOD5, COD, tng st, du m. Tn s ly mu v phn tch mu: 2 nm u 4 ln/nm, cc nm sau 2 ln/nm. 6.2.2.3 Gim st ting n, rung - o ting n cc thit b khai thc mt nm 2 ln. - o rung trn cc thit b khai thc. 6.2.2.4 Gim st cc i lng trn trong thi gian XDCB Trong thi gian XDCB cc i lng trn cn gim st 4 ln/nm 6.2.2.5 Gim st cc yu t xi mn, trt st l, ln t - Thng xuyn theo di v gim st cc cng trnh o p. - Gim st b m (nh k hng ngy v tng tun, nht l vo ma ma), thng xuyn gim st b , h lng, cc b p ca xng nghin p. trang 95
CHNG 7
D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG

7.1 CC CNG TRNH BO V MI TRNG CN CHI PH 1. Trng vnh ai cy xanh quanh m rng 420m, di 420, chiu rng vnh ai cy xanh 30m . Din tch trng cy 5,76 ha. 2. o rnh xung quanh cc cng trnh phc v sn xut: Gm cc rnh quanh bi cha t ph di 220m, xng nghin p ch bin 620m, bi cha v ch bin hc 320m, rnh chung dn ra h lng 300m tng chiu di: 1.460m, rng mt trn 1,0m, mt di: 0,6m, su 0,7m. Khi lng o: 818m3 3. p ngn nc chy trn vo m, kch thc: Di 1920m, p cao 1,0m; mt rng 5m; gc nghing p 350. Khi lng o t cp IV: 18.790m3, l ln K = 0,95. 4. o p h lng, h c cc thng s ch yu sau: dung tch s dng ton bi thi l 33.000 m3 vi ct cao y h l +17m, ct cao mt p l +15,5m. Din tch mt h l 18.000 m2. rng 5m di 720m, gc nghing mi dc 350. Khi lng p : 4.832m3 l ln K = 0,95 , khi lng o: 24.974m3 7.2 CHI PH CC CNG TRNH BO V MI TRNG 1. Trng vnh ai cy xanh quanh m, tng gi tr trng vnh ai cy xanh quanh m c tnh: C1 = S.n (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb) = 86.400.000 ng Trong S- Din tch trng cy, 5,76 ha n- S lng cy trn 1 ha, n = 3.000 cy (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb)- Chi ph o h, trng, mua cy con, phn bn, chm sc, bo v cy; theo gi hin ti, (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb) = 5.000 ng/cy. 2. o rnh xung quanh cc cng trnh phc v sn xut: tng chiu di: 1.460m, rng mt trn 1,0m, mt di: 0,6m, su 0,7m. Gi tr o rnh: C2 = V1.C = 20.440.000 ng Trong V1- Khi lng o, 818m3 C- n gi ph o rnh, 25.000 ng/m3 - t cng thot nc qua ng, qua mng: 20.000.000 ng Tng chi ph cc cng trnh rnh thot nc: 40.440.000 ng.
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3. p ngn nc chy trn vo m. Gi tr o p, lu ln: C3 = V2.C = 41.388.000 ng Trong V2- Khi lng o p lu ln, 18.790m3 C- n gi ph o, p, lu ln, 22.000 ng/m3 (phi vn chuyn n p) 4. o p h lng. Gi tr o p, lu ln: C4 = V3.C =96.640.000 ng Trong V3- Khi lng o p, lu ln, 24.974m3 C- n gi o, p, lu ln, 20.000 ng/m3 (ly khi o p) - t cng iu tit: 30.000.000 ng. Tng chi ph cc cng trnh h lng: 126.640.000 ng Tng chi ph cc cng trnh bo xy dng v mi trng: 294.868.000 ng. 7.3 HON TH V NG CA M SAU TNG GIAI ON KHAI THC Giai on u sau khi khai thc ht tng +0, -10, -20, Cng ty s hon th cc tng v trng c trn cc tng ny tng n nh. Khi kt thc khai thc m, x nghip m tin hnh cng vic ng ca m, cc cng trnh ph tr vi cc din tch xy dng s c san lp tr li a hnh ban u quy hoch trng cy xanh, cy cnh, vn hoa ph hp chung vi h sinh thi (moong khai thc v h lng). Khi m kt thc khai thc, Cng ty s trng cy cc din tch sn bi, xng, trm, bi cha....vi din tch khong 161.600m2 v tng khi lng san gt, to phng v san gt t ph: 153.613m3. S lng cy trng trung bnh l 3.000 cy/ha. 7.4 CHI PH HON TH, GIM ST V QUN L CHT LNG MI TRNG 7.4.1 Chi ph hon th Chi ph hon th bao gm: - San gt khi lng p to mt phng: 72.813m3 - San gt khi lng t ph to lp ph dy 0,5m trng cy xanh trn din tch161.600m2 l: 80.800m3. C th: 1. Gi tr san gt ci to mt bng: C1 = V1.C = 460.839.000 ng
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Trong V1- Khi lng san gt to mt bng, 153.613m3 C- n gi san gt, 3.000 ng/m3 2. Trng chm sc cy xanh trn din tch hon th, tng gi tr vnh ai cy xanh quanh m c tnh: C1 = S.n (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb) = 242.400.000 ng Trong S- Din tch trng cy, 16,16 ha n- S lng cy trn 1 ha, n = 3.000 cy (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb)- Chi ph o h, trng, mua cy con, phn bn, chm sc, bo v cy; theo gi hin ti, (Ch+Cc+Cpk+Cb) = 5.000 ng/cy. Tng chi ph phc hi mi trng: 703.230.000 ng. 7.4.2 K qu bo v mi trng 7.4.2.1 K qu bo v mi trng nm u Theo thng t lin b Ti Chnh - Cng nghip - Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng s 126, tin k qu phc hi mi trng xc nh sau:
A= Tg M cp Tb = 9 703 .230 .000 = 703 .230 .000 , ng 9
A- S tin k qu phc hi mi trng sau khai thc m. Mcp- Chi ph phc hi mi trng sau khi khai thc: 703.230.000 ng. Tg- Thi hn khai thc theo giy php, Tg = 9 nm. Tb- Thi hn khai thc theo bo co nghin cu kh thi, Tb = 9 nm. M c cp khai thc di 20 nm, v vy mc ng qy nm u l: B = 20% A = 140.646.000 ng. 7.4.2.2 K qu bo v mi trng nhng nm sau
C= A B 703 .230 .000 140 .646 .000 = = 70 .323 .000 Tg 1 9 1
ng
Nh vy Cng ty cn k qu phc hi mi trng trong cc nm nh sau: - Nm th nht:140.646.000 ng/nm. - T nm th hai tr i: 70.323.000 ng/nm. 7.4.2.3 Chi ph bo v mi trng a. Ph mi trng trang 98
- Theo ngh nh ca Chnh ph s 137/2005/N-CP ngy 09 thng 11 nm 2005, v ph bo v mi trng i vi khai thc khong sn: Mc thu ph, ch thu, np, qun l v s dng ph bo v mi trng vi khai thc khong sn: 2.000 /m 3 sn lng , sn lng m 800.000m3/nm . Vy ph mi trng hng nm m phi ng gp: 1.600.000.000 ng/nm. - Cc th tc, phng php thc hin theo ni dung ngh nh 137/2005/N-CP. b. Chi ph gim st, bo v v kim sot nhim mi trng Chi ph gim st, bo v v kim sot nhim mi trng ti khu vc hot ng ca m c tnh nh sau: Ch ph phun nc ti ng, xng ch bin: 60.000.000 ng/nm. Chi ph ti nc, chm sc cy trng, bo qun sa cha cc cng trnh bo v mi trng: 10.000.000 ngng/nm. Kinh ph thu gim st mi trng: 30.000.000 ng/nm. Tng cng: 100.000.000 ng/nm.
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CHNG 8
THAM VN KIN CNG NG

8.1 KIN CA Y BAN NHN DN CP X Theo y kien cua y ban nhan dan xa Lc Ninh ve viec lap d an au t khai thac, che bien a ct kt lm vt liu xy dng thng thng ti xa Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh. ai dien la ong Nguyn Vn Hong Q.Ch tch x Lc Ninh c kin nh sau: - Vic u t m Lc Trung - x Lc Ninh - huyn Dng Minh Chu - tnh Ty Ninh l ph hp vi k hoch pht trin kinh t ca x Lc Ninh - Cac tac ong tch cc do d an mang lai: giai quyet c mot so lao ong nhan roi cua a phng, gop phan xay dng xay dng cac c s ha tang sa cha ng giao thong nong thong va ong gop quy xoa oi giam ngheo va xay dng nha tnh thng. - Cac tac ong tieu cc: anh hng mot so cy trng, anh hng en cuoc song cua mot so ho song gan m. - Y kien oi vi hoat ong cua mo: ong y mo i vao hoat ong. - ngh Ch u t khi thit k khai thc m lu n cc yu t gim thiu tc ng mi trng do d n c th gy ra nh: bi, ting n, cht thi rn, lng nc chy vo m v bin php tho kh m. - ngh Ch u t v n v t vn lp bo co tc ng mi trng m Lc Trung - x Lc Ninh - huyn Dng Minh Chu - tnh Ty Ninh quan tm xem xt cc vn trn v ngh cc c quan chc nng xem xt ph duyt Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng m Lc Trung ni trn, to iu kin cho Ch u t sm trin khai D n. 8.2. KIN CA I DIN CNG NG DN C 8.2.1. Y kien cua ai dien cong ong dan c Tong hp y kien cua ai dien UBMTTQ xa, hoi cu chien binh, hoi nong dan, hoi phu n va oan thanh nien (xem phieu ieu tra phan phu luc): - Cac tac ong tch cc: giai quyet c mot so cong an viec lam cho ngi dan a phng; ong gop xay dng ng giao thong nong thon a phng, ong gop xay dng nha tnh thng va cac khoan ong gop
CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K
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V XY DNG M- A CHT
khac. - Anh hng tieu cc: anh hng en hoa mau do bui a, anh hng en gi giac sinh hoat cua ngi dan do lam qua gi quy nh; bui, tieng on anh hng en sc khoe, anh hng en nguon nc. - Y kien ve hoat ong khai thac: ong y vi d an au t. - e xuat vi doanh nghiep: + Khac phuc bui a khi san xuat va van chuyen en mc thap nhat; + Giam chan ong khi no mn e khong anh hng en nha dan; + Ho tr xay dng c s ha tang cho a phng; + Giai quyet viec lam cho nhan dan a phng. 8.2.2. Y kien cua cong ong dan c song quanh khu vc mo - So phieu ieu tra : 16 phieu khao sat cong ong - So phieu ong y vi hoat ong khai thac a tai mo : 16/16 - Y kien, e xuat : Tong hp y kien cong ong cua nhan dan a phng trong cac phieu ieu tra oi vi d an khai thac cua mo: hau het cac y kien eu cho rang anh hng ln nhat do hoat ong cua mo en c dan a phng la bui, on. Ben canh o hoat ong cua mo cung co the gay rung ong, nt nha. Tuy nhien hoat ong cua mo gop phan tao cong an viec lam cho ngi dan a phng. a so cac y kien thu thap eu ong y d an au t khai thac va che bien tai mo a Lc Trung.
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CHNG 9
NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V PHNG PHP NH GI

9.1 NGUN CUNG CP S LIU D LIU 9.1.1 Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho 9.1.1.1 Ngun ti liu, d liu - Bo co kt qu thm d ct kt x Lc Trung, huyn Dng Minh Chu, tnh Ty Ninh do Cng ty CP Phc Ngc Linh lp thng 9 nm 2006. - Bo co d n u t xy dng cng trnh khai thc - ch bin ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh do Cng ty c phn T vn v u t FICO lp thng 12 nm 2006. - Cc s liu ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ty Ninh, UBND huyn Dng Minh Chu, x Lc Ninh. - Ti liu: Chng trnh tin b khoa hc k thut cp Nh nc 42A v kh tng. - Kt qu phn tch mu nc: ha ton din, phn tch vi lng v mu vi trng ca Cng ty CP Phc Ngc Linh trong bo co a cht. - T chc Y t Th gii v Vin K thut Nhit i v bo v mi trng TP H Ch Minh. 9.1.1.2 Mc chc chn ca cc ti liu, d liu tham kho Cc ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho tnh ton kh chi tit, c cp nht v so snh vi cc phng v iu kin mi trng tng t, do c tnh thc tin v tin cy cao, n c dng trong nhiu bo co TM cc m c iu kin tng t. 9.1.2 Ngun ti liu, d liu do ch d n t to lp 9.1.2.1 Ngun ti liu, d liu t to Kt qu ly mu, o c khng kh, nc, t, ting n v kt qu kim tra do t vn v ch u t to lp. V tr, thi im ly mu phn tch, mu kim tra, xem kt qu mc 2.1.3.3 chng 2. Kt qu phn tch mu do trung tm mi trng a cht, trng i hc M - a cht thc hin. 9.1.1.2 Mc chc chn ca cc ti liu, d liu to lp Cc mu c ly theo ng tiu chun v phn tch bng cc thit b hin i ng chng loi v so snh cc iu kin mi trng tng t, tin cy cao, do Trung tm
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V XY DNG M- A CHT
nghin cu mi trng a cht, trng i hc M - a cht thc hin, Trung tm l c s khoa hc ln v mi trng ca trng i hc M - a cht, thc hin nhiu cng trnh v mi trng, cc ti nghin cu cp nh nc, c uy tn trong lnh vc mi trng m, a cht, a cht thu vn, a cht cng trnh. Cc ti liu, d liu c to lp y , chi tit tin cy. 9.2 PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM 9.2.1 C s xy dng bo co Bo co c xy dng trn c s tun th cc vn bn php l hin hnh, nh chng 1. 9.2.2 Ni dung ca bo co Ni dung chnh ca bo co bao gm cc vn tc ng ti mi trng ca hot ng khai thc - ch bin ct kt Lc Trung x Lc Ninh huyn Dng Minh Chu tnh Ty Ninh, ra cc gii php cng ngh gim thiu v hn ch tc ng xu ti mi trng: - Gii thiu s lc m v cng ngh khai thc. - nh gi hin trng t nhin v kinh t x hi khu vc khai thc m. - nh gi cc tc ng khai thc ti mi trng t nhin v s pht trin kinh t x hi trong khu vc. - Cc phng n khng ch nhim v hn ch cc tc ng c hi ti MT. - Tnh ton chi ph xy dng cc cng trnh, gii php bo v v k qu MT. 9.2.3 Phng php xy dng bo co Bo co TM c xy dng trn cc phng php sau y: - Phng php thng k: Nhm thu thp v x l cc s liu v iu kin t nhin (kh tng, a hnh, thu vn) v iu kin kinh t x hi ti khu vc hot ng khai thc. - Phng php ly mu ngoi hin trng v phn tch trong phng th nghim nhm xc nh cc thng s v hin trng cht lng MT khng kh, nc, t, ti nguyn sinh hc ti khu vc khai thc. - Phng php nh gi nhanh trn c s h s nhim do T chc Y t Th gii thit lp v c tnh ti lng cc cht nhim sinh ra t cc hot ng khai thc. - Phng php iu tra x hi hc nhm thu thp cc thng tin v kinh t x hi trong khu vc. - Phng php so snh dng nh gi tc ng trn c s cc tiu chun mi trng ca Vit Nam (TCVN-1995, TCVN-2001v TCVN-2005).
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9.3 MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC NH GI - Cc phng php nh gi da trn cc c s l thuyt c cc nc c nn khoa hc v mi trng xy dng, p dng tnh ton c hiu qu trong lnh vc bo v mi trng Quc gia v ton cu. - Cc kt qu o c, tnh ton v so snh c tnh thi gian, chnh xc cao, tin cy. Mc tin cy v tin cy cao.
KT LUN V KIN NGH

1. KT LUN
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Trn c s phn tch cc c im m, quy trnh khai thc, iu kin t nhin, kinh t x hi v hin trng mi trng ti khu vc m, ngun gc gy nhim, nh gi mc gy nhim, chng ti c mt s kt lun sau y: Do m c cht lng tt v tp trung trn a bn khng rng, thun li v giao thng, nn qu trnh khai thc, ch bin Lc Trung, s thun li v vic bo v mi trng v hng pht trin kinh t x hi trong khu vc. Hot ng khai thc, ch bin s gy ra mt s tc ng c hi ti mi trng: 1. nhim khng kh. nhim khng kh do bi, kh c, ting n t qu trnh m m, khai thc v vn ti, tuy nhin lnh vc ny nu thc hin tt cc gii php phng nga nh c cp v tnh ton trong bo co TM, th tc ng xu khng ng k v t nh hng ti mi trng chung . 2. Tc ng do nhim ngun nc. Cc tc ng ti mi trng do nc ma chy trn, nc thi ra xe v nc thi ch bin , phc v khai thc, sinh hot, l nguyn nhn chnh gy nhiu hu qu xu ti mi trng trong khu vc, n lm cho ngun nc b nhim bn, c bit l nc mt. Cc gii php phng nga nu ra trong bo co c tnh kh thi, c hiu qu v an ton, chi ph thp. Mt khc tt c cc ngun thi c lu tr trong h lng, nc c lng ng dng cho sn xut, dung tch h khi thit k tnh ton h s d tr, h s an ton cao. 3. Mi trng x hi. Nng cao mc sng trong khu vc, thay i b mt vn ho, kinh t, khoa hc. Tuy nhin do tc ng ca c ch th trng lm pht sinh cc t nn x hi, Cng ty cng chnh quyn phi ra v thc hin nghim tc cc bin php nhm phng chng cc t nn ny. 4. Cc tc ng khc. Bin i cnh quan thin nhin ti khu vc khai thc. Gy tc ng ti ti nguyn, thm ng thc vt, t ai, sinh hc. Cc tc ng ny khng nhiu, v din tch thc hin d n nh, khai thc bng phng php khai thc l thin, chim dng t ai t, khng nh hng cnh quan thin nhin, trong khu vc t ai canh tc khng mu m, thm thc, ng vt ngho nn. Khi tin hnh d n s ti to li mt phn cy xanh v thm thc vt nhng khu vc c iu kin cho php.
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5. Ri ro v s c mi trng. Hu nh tt c cc m khai thc vi cc loi hnh khc nhau th rt t m khng xy ra ri ro v cc s c. Tuy nhin cc bin php k thut, phng php khai thc, ng b thit b s dng v cc gii php an ton s m bo cho d n khai thc m Lc Trung hn ch ti mc thp nht cc ri ro v s c mi trng. Cng ty C phn T vn v v u t FICO khi trin khai d n, phi nghim chnh thc hin cc phng n khng ch nhim ra trong bo co t c tiu chun mi trng, bao gm: - Cc phng n gim thiu nhim bi, kh c do khai thc, vn chuyn. - Cc phng n x l nc thi sn xut, sinh hot v nc ma chy trn. - Phng n hon th sau khi khai thc. Cng ty phi kim tra v gim st thng xuyn qu trnh hot ng ca khu vc m v mt mi trng nhm bo v mi trng chung v thc hin tt lut Bo v mi trng. Cng ty C phn T vn v u t FICO s phi hp vi cc c quan chuyn mn, cc c quan qun l mi trng trong qu trnh thit k, thi cng cc h thng khng ch nhim v gim st cht lng mi trng. Khai thc, ch bin m Lc Trung, c tc ng xu ti mi trng trn mt s lnh vc, nhng mc khng ln. Qua phn tch, nh gi ch c tc ng ca nc ma chy trn cun theo bn t c tc ng ln nht n mi trng. Tuy nhin trong khu vc trin khai d n xy dng h lng vi dung tch thu hi v lng ng ln hn khi lng bn, cht thi rn v nc, nn mi trng khu m khng c bin ng ln. Nc ma chy trn c x l trit khi thi vo mi trng s t c tiu chun TCVN 6984-2001. 2. KIN NGH Khai thc ch bin , nhm phc v cho d n pht trin chin lc kinh t trc mt v lu di khu vc tnh Ty Ninh v TP H Ch Minh, sn lng v quy m khai thc mc ln. Hot ng ca m c ngha v mt kinh t (hng nm ng gp hng chc t ng cho a phng), v khoa hc k thut, n gip cho vic pht trin vn ho kinh t khoa hc k thut v s dng nhn lc huyn Dng Minh Chu. Mun t c mc tiu kinh t v khai thc c hiu qu, vic bo v mi trng trong qu trnh khai thc, ch bin phi c t ln hng u, y l vn sng cn, v s tn ti ca nhn loi, v ngi nh chung ca loi ngi. Cng ty mong mun c chnh quyn a phng, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Ty Ninh v cc c quan TW, cng tc gip trn mi phng din, Cng ty v
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a phng thc hin tt cng tc bo v mi trng khi tin hnh d n khai thc, ch bin ct kt Lc Trung.
TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Lun vn thc s: Nghin cu nng cao hiu qu cng tc x l bn cc m khai thc l thin su, GVC Nguyn S Hi, Trng i Hc M-a cht H Ni 1996. 2. Nng cao hiu qu n mn, PGS-TS Nh Vn Bch, Trng i Hc M-a cht H Ni 1994. 3. La chn cng ngh v cc thng s hp l khi m va v khai thc tn thu cc i cng tc ra ni vi nhm bo v ti nguyn v mi trng, ThS-GVC Nguyn S Hi, Trng i Hc M-a cht, S 5-2000, Tp ch Cng nghip m ca Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam. 4. Nghin cu cc bin php k thut v cng ngh trong khai thc chn lc v bo v mi trng khi khai thc m vi v t st min Bc Vit Nam, ThS-GVC Nguyn S Hi, Trng i Hc M-a cht, Tuyn tp bo co: Hi ngh khoa hc k thut m ton quc ln th XII, Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam, H Ni 81999. 5. Nghin cu cc gii php cng ngh nhm hn ch nh hnh ca khai thc n mi trng sinh thi, ThS-GVC Nguyn S Hi,Trng i Hc M-a cht, S 6-1998, Tp ch Cng nghip m ca Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam. 6. Hn ch tc ng c hi ti mi trng sinh thi khi n mn trn m l thin ThS-GVC Nguyn S Hi, PGS-TS H S Giao, Trng i Hc M-a cht, S 11998 Tp ch than Vit Nam. 7. Sn phm kh n mn v nh hng ca n n mi trng, ThS - GVC Nguyn nh , Trng i Hc M-a cht H Ni, S 5-2000, Tp ch Cng nghip m ca Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam. 8. Phng php tnh ton an ton khi n mn di nc, PGS-TS Nh Vn Bch, Bo co khoa hc hi ngh Khoa hc 13, Trng i Hc M-a cht H Ni 1998. 9. Tm hiu thuc n cng nghip, KS. Ng Vn Tng, Cng ty ho cht m, S 6-2000, Tp ch Cng nghip m ca Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam.
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10. Cc loi thuc n cng nghip mi c hiu qu v an ton v mi trng sinh thi SNG v nc ngoi, KS Nguyn Vn Trng, Vin Khoa hc cng ngh m, S 10-2000, Tp ch Cng nghip m ca Hi khoa hc v Cng ngh m Vit Nam. 11. Xc nh khong thi gian gin cch khi n vi sai trn m l thin, KS Nguyn An Phng, Cng ty M INCODEMIC, Tuyn tp bo co khoa hc k thut m ton quc ln th XI, Nha Trang 8-1998. 12. Gour C.Sen - Blasting technelogy for Mining and civil Enginees UNSV PRESS, Sydney, 1995. 13. Drilling and blasting of rocks - Geomining technolocal institute of spain, 1995. 14. Josef Henrych - The dynamic of explosion and its use - Academia prague, 1979. 15. Baron B. , Kantor B.X - K thut cng tc n mn ca M, Mtscva - Nh xut bn Nhera, 1989. 16. Gakin B.B - Cng tc n mn di nc, Mtscva - Nh xut bn Nhera, 1974. 15. Kutuzp B.N - Ph v t bng n mn, Mtscva - Nh xut bn Nhera, 1992. 16. Bogtski V.P, Pergament V.K. - An ton v chn ng khi n mn, Mtscva Nh xut bn Nhera, 1978. 17. Mi trng khai thc m v cc gii php bo v mi trng Cng ho lin bang c, GS-TS rebenstedt, Bi ging ti trng i hc M-a Cht, 18. Qun l mi trng trong khai thc vi Nht Bn, Ti liu ting Anh, Cng ty xi mng Nghi Sn, Thanh Ho 1998. 19. Lun vn tin s Nghin cu cc gii php cng ngh nhm gim tc ng ca khai thc m l thin ti mi trng sinh thi Nguyn S Hi 2003. 20. Cc bo co TM ca cc m , qung, than v phi qung do Cty lp.
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PH LC I CC VN BN C LIN QUAN
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PH LC II CC BN V I KM
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PH LC III CC KT QU PHN TCH MU
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CTY CP T VN KSTK & XD M-A CHT
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Báo cáo Đánh giá tác động môi trường (ĐTM) của mỏ đá cát kết Lộc Trung xã Lộc Ninh huyện Dương Minh Châu tỉnh Tây Ninh, cụng suất 800.000m3năm

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Báo cáo Đánh giá tác động môi trường (ĐTM) của mỏ đá cát kết Lộc Trung xã Lộc Ninh huyện Dương Minh Châu tỉnh Tây Ninh, cụng suất 800.000m3năm

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CNG TY CP T VN V U T FICO

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

1 2 3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

Tn d n Ch d n V tr a l khu vc khai thc Ni dung c bn ca d n V tr v phng n m va Cc cng vic cn thit khi m va

4.1 Khng ch, i ph cc tc ng xu 4.2 An ton lao ng v phng chng s c

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

7.4 Chi ph, gim st v qun l cht lng mi trng

96 99 101 101 102 102

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CC BNG S LIU KM THEO

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

Nh vy, tng khi lng m ( + t ph) hng nm ca m l:

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

5.997 7.633 9.418 11.347 13.416

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857 226.857

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

D kin cng sut (KVA.h)

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

Tng cng (ngi) 28* - K c s t dng tiu th sn phm

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

m2 m3/nm m3/nm KWh/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm tn/nm

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG

12.452 50 15 7.462 1.488 1.648 30 1.040 90 520 237 2.493 60 41.581

Nm 2007 41.476 2.074 43.550 41.581 (-105) (-105) -

Nm 2012 82.952 4.418 87.100 69.740 13.212 3.350 9.513

- Li nhun thun/doanh thu - Li nhun / tng kinh ph u t

12,93% 14,63% 16,34% 18,04%

CNG TY C PHN T VN KHO ST THIT K V XY DNG M- A CHT

NH GI TC NG MI TRNG KHAI THC M CT KT LC TRUNG